内容正文:
《Unit 8 A green world》第4课时教案
学科
英语
年级册别
八年级下册
共7课时
教材
译林版初中英语八年级下册
授课类型
语法课(Grammar: Passive voice in the simple future tense)
第4课时
教材分析
教材分析
本课时为Unit 8 Grammar部分,重点学习“一般将来时的被动语态”(Passive voice in the simple future tense)。教材通过Mr Wu关于“环境周”的对话引入语境,展示了"A recycling event is going to be held..."和"They'll be sent to poor areas"等典型例句。随后,教材通过表格清晰地呈现了该语态的构成规则(will be + done / be going to be + done),并提供了A、B、C三个层次的练习活动:从词语重组造句,到情景对话填空,再到短文完形填空。内容紧扣单元主题“环保”,将语法学习与实际生活情境紧密结合,旨在帮助学生掌握在描述未来环保计划、预测环境变化时使用被动语态的能力。
学情分析
学生在七年级已学习了现在时和过去时的被动语态,对被动语态的基本概念(主语是动作承受者)有一定了解。但在面对“一般将来时”与“被动语态”结合的结构时,容易出现混淆,如遗漏be动词、误用主动形式或混淆will和be going to的用法。此外,学生往往知道如何造主动句,但难以在特定语境下(如强调动作本身而非执行者)自然地转换为被动句。本课需通过大量情境操练,强化学生对结构形式的记忆,并培养其在真实语境中准确运用的能力。
课时教学目标
语言能力
1. 学生能够准确理解并运用一般将来时被动语态的两种基本结构:will be done 和 be going to be done。
2. 学生能够在描述未来环保计划、事件安排及预测环境变化时,正确转换主动句与被动句。
文化意识
1. 学生能够通过使用被动语态描述未来的环保行动,增强对集体行动和公共事务的关注度。
2. 学生能够认同环境保护需要全社会共同参与的理念,理解被动语态在强调“事”而非“人”时的社会功能。
思维品质
1. 学生能够通过对比分析,归纳出一般将来时被动语态的构成规律,提升逻辑思维能力。
2. 学生能够根据语境判断何时使用主动语态,何时使用被动语态,培养批判性思维和语言选择的准确性。
学习能力
1. 学生能够通过小组合作完成句型转换和情境对话,提升自主探究和合作学习的能力。
2. 学生能够通过错题分析和自我修正,养成良好的语法学习习惯。
教学重点、难点
重点
1. 掌握一般将来时被动语态的构成公式:Subject + will be/be going to be + Past Participle (done)。
2. 能在具体语境中正确使用will be done和be going to be done进行表达。
难点
1. 区分will和be going to在表示将来时的细微差别,并在被动语态中灵活运用。
2. 在长难句中准确识别谓语动词,正确进行主被动语态的转换,特别是当原句包含宾语从句或复杂修饰语时。
教学方法与准备
教学方法
发现式教学法、任务型教学法、情境教学法、对比分析法
教具准备
多媒体课件(含语法结构动画演示)、单词卡片、语法思维导图、分层练习单、黑板贴画
教学环节
教师活动
学生活动
Step 1: Lead-in & Presentation
【10分钟】
一、情境导入:寻找“未来的承诺”
(1)、复习旧知,激活背景
教师展示几张学校“环境周”活动的照片(如:正在布置场地、制作海报)。提问:
"What are we doing now?" (We are preparing for the Environment Week.)
"What will happen next week?" (Students will organize activities.)
引导学生说出主动句:"The students will organize a lot of activities."
接着追问:"If we want to talk about the *activities* themselves, not who organizes them, how can we say it?"
引出目标句:"A lot of activities will be organized by the students." 板书句子,并用不同颜色粉笔标出will, be, organized。
(2)、观察发现,总结规律
教师展示课本P111 Mr Wu的对话片段:
- "Last year, many trees were planted..." (复习一般过去时被动)
- "This year, other eco-friendly activities will be organized."
- "A recycling event is going to be held at our school."
- "They'll be sent to poor areas."
Task: Look at the sentences. What do they have in common?
引导学生发现共同点:
1. 动作发生在将来。
2. 主语是动作的承受者。
3. 结构中都含有 **be** 动词和 **过去分词**。
教师引导总结公式:
**Subject + will be + Past Participle**
**Subject + am/is/are going to be + Past Participle**
强调:无论主语是谁,be动词都要随主语变化(will不变,going to的be动词要变)。
(3)、对比辨析,明确用法
提问:"When do we use 'will' and when do we use 'be going to'?"
解释:
- **will**: 通常指临时的决定、预测或客观事实。
- **be going to**: 通常指已经计划好、安排好的事情。
举例:
- "I think it will rain tomorrow." (预测)
- "Look at the clouds! It is going to rain." (迹象/计划)
在被动语态中,区别类似。例如:"The meeting will be held tomorrow." (可能刚决定) vs "The meeting is going to be held tomorrow." (早已安排好)。
1. 观察图片,回忆并说出主动句。
2. 尝试将主动句转换为被动句,初步感知结构。
3. 观察例句,找出共同特征,归纳语法规则。
4. 对比will和be going to的用法差异。
5. 记录语法规则公式。
评价任务
观察力:☆☆☆
归纳能力:☆☆☆
规则掌握:☆☆☆
设计意图
通过真实的校园情境导入,让学生在语境中自然感知新语法。通过观察和对比,让学生自己发现规律,变“被动接受”为“主动建构”,加深记忆。
Step 2: Practice & Consolidation
【15分钟】
一、机械操练:句型转换大挑战
(1)、基础训练:Active to Passive
教师给出主动句,要求学生快速转换为一般将来时的被动语态。
示例:
- We will plant more trees. -> More trees will be planted.
- They are going to hold a show. -> A show is going to be held.
- Someone will clean the classroom. -> The classroom will be cleaned.
- The government is going to build a park. -> A park is going to be built by the government.
教师巡视,纠正错误(如忘记加be,过去分词拼写错误等)。
(2)、进阶训练:补全句子
Task: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Old clothes ______ (donate) to charities next month.
2. The river ______ (clean) by volunteers this weekend.
3. Many new energy cars ______ (produce) in our city soon.
4. A museum ______ (build) to remember the women workers.
5. Plastic bottles ______ (recycle) instead of being thrown away.
学生独立完成,同桌互改。教师请几组回答,并讲解易错点(如:be动词的单复数变化,过去分词的拼写)。
二、意义操练:小小规划师
(1)、情境模拟:制定班级环保计划
Task: Imagine you are the monitor of Class 1. Plan the "Green Week". Use the passive voice to describe what will happen.
提供关键词库:poster, put up; trash bin, buy; tree, plant; speech, give.
学生分组讨论,写出3-5个句子。
例如:
- Posters will be put up on the wall.
- New trash bins are going to be bought.
- Trees will be planted in the playground.
- A speech will be given by an expert.
每组选代表朗读,全班评价是否使用了正确的被动语态结构。
(2)、纠错诊所
教师在屏幕上展示几个典型的错误句子,请学生当“医生”诊断并修改。
- Error 1: The event will be held by us. (Correct: ...will be held.) - 如果不需要强调by us,可省略。
- Error 2: A show is going to hold. (Correct: ...is going to be held.) - 缺少be动词。
- Error 3: Trees will be planting. (Correct: ...will be planted.) - 过去分词错误。
1. 快速进行句型转换练习,巩固结构。
2. 独立完成补全句子练习,注意be动词和分词形式。
3. 分组讨论,运用被动语态制定班级计划。
4. 上台展示成果,参与互评。
5. 扮演“医生”,找出并修改错误句子。
评价任务
准确率:☆☆☆
反应速度:☆☆☆
纠错能力:☆☆☆
设计意图
通过分层练习(机械操练->意义操练),由浅入深地巩固语法知识。纠错环节能有效暴露学生的认知盲点,强化正确用法。情境模拟让语法学习具有实际意义。
Step 3: Production & Application
【15分钟】
一、综合应用:新闻播报员
(1)、发布任务:Future Green News
Task: You are a reporter for "Green World TV". Report on the upcoming environmental events in our city/country.
要求:
1. 至少报道3个不同的环保项目(如:垃圾分类、植树造林、清洁能源推广等)。
2. 必须使用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done / be going to be done)。
3. 可以适当加入一些原因或目的(because..., in order to...)。
(2)、小组合作,撰写脚本
学生4人一组,一人担任主持人,三人分别负责不同板块的报道。教师提供句式支架:
- "Hello everyone! Welcome to Green World TV."
- "First, let's look at... [Event Name]. It will be held/organized/placed..."
- "Also, we know that... is going to be..."
- "Why? Because..."
- "That's all for today. Thank you!"
学生讨论并撰写简短的新闻稿(约60-80词)。教师巡视指导,帮助解决词汇和语法困难。
(3)、成果展示,互动评价
邀请2-3组上台进行“新闻播报”。其他同学作为观众,填写评价表:
- Did they use passive voice correctly? (Yes/No)
- Was the news interesting? (Yes/No)
- Is the pronunciation clear? (Yes/No)
教师给予点评,特别表扬那些能灵活切换will和be going to,且内容丰富的组别。
1. 明确新闻播报的任务要求。
2. 小组合作,搜集素材,撰写新闻脚本。
3. 分配角色,排练播报。
4. 上台展示,自信表达。
5. 观看他人表演,填写评价表。
评价任务
语言运用:☆☆☆
团队合作:☆☆☆
创新表达:☆☆☆
设计意图
将语法知识置于真实的交际任务中,让学生在“做中学”。新闻播报的形式既有趣又能锻炼口语表达能力,同时强化了被动语态在新闻报道中的常用性(因为新闻常关注事件本身而非执行者)。
Step 4: Summary & Homework
【5分钟】
一、课堂总结:语法树
(1)、师生共建,梳理脉络
教师在黑板上画一棵树,树干是"Future Passive Voice"。
树枝1:**Structure**
- will be + done
- be going to be + done
树枝2:**Usage**
- When the doer is unknown/unimportant.
- To emphasize the action or result.
树叶:**Examples**
- Trees will be planted.
- A show is going to be held.
学生齐读总结内容,强化记忆。
(2)、分层作业,巩固提升
1. **必做题**:完成课本P112 Page 112 Exercises A, B, C。将错题整理到错题本上,并写出正确形式及原因。
2. **选做题**:写一篇短文(80词左右),题目为"The Future of Our City",描述你所在城市未来一年的环保计划,至少使用5个一般将来时的被动语态句子。
3. **挑战题**:采访一位家人或朋友,询问他们家未来的环保计划,记录下来,并尝试用被动语态转述给全班听(例如:"My family said that solar panels will be installed next month.")。
1. 跟随教师回顾本节课的语法结构。
2. 记录分层作业要求。
评价任务
知识梳理:☆☆☆
笔记规范:☆☆☆
作业规划:☆☆☆
设计意图
利用“语法树”形象化总结知识点,便于学生记忆。分层作业满足不同层次学生的需求,错题整理有助于查漏补缺,采访任务则将语法延伸至课外生活。
Step 5: Blackboard Design
【贯穿全程】
板书设计
Unit 8 A green world
(Grammar: Passive voice in the simple future tense)
[Tree Diagram]
[Trunk: Future Passive Voice]
/ \
[Branch 1: Structure] [Branch 2: Usage]
| |
1. Subject + will be + P.P.
(e.g., Trees will be planted.)
2. Subject + am/is/are going to be + P.P.
(e.g., A show is going to be held.)
[Roots: When to use?] - Doer unknown/unimportant.
- Emphasize action/result.
[Leaves: Key Words]
organize -> organized
hold -> held
plant -> planted
send -> sent
clean -> cleaned
[Slogan]: Action speaks louder than words!
Let's make our future greener!
1. 观察板书,理解语法结构。
2. 记录关键短语和例句。
3. 抄写标语。
评价任务
笔记习惯:☆☆☆
结构理解:☆☆☆
板书记忆:☆☆☆
设计意图
板书采用树状图设计,清晰展示语法的核心结构、使用场景和关键词汇,直观且富有逻辑性,有助于学生构建完整的知识体系。
作业设计
一、基础巩固:句型转换
1. 将下列主动句改为一般将来时的被动语态。
(1) Someone will clean the classroom tomorrow.
___________________________________________________
(2) They are going to hold a meeting next week.
___________________________________________________
(3) We will plant trees on the hill.
___________________________________________________
(4) The government is going to build a new library.
___________________________________________________
(5) People will send old books to the poor children.
___________________________________________________
2. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空(一般将来时被动语态)。
(1) A lot of work ______ (do) by the volunteers next month.
(2) The road ______ (repair) at the moment, so it will be closed soon.
(3) I think the problem ______ (solve) in the end.
(4) Two new parks ______ (build) in our city next year.
(5) The waste paper ______ (collect) every day from now on.
二、能力提升:短文填空
阅读下面的短文,用所给词的适当形式填空(一般将来时被动语态)。
**Our Green Future**
Next year, our city ______ (change) a lot. First, a big recycling center ______ (open) in the north of the city. Old clothes and shoes ______ (sell) there to help the poor. Second, more trees ______ (plant) along the streets to make the air cleaner. Third, a new subway line ______ (build) to reduce traffic jams. Finally, a special festival ______ (hold) to encourage everyone to protect the environment. Everyone believes that our city ______ (become) a better place to live in.
三、实践创新:环保计划书
假设你是学校学生会主席,请为学校下周的“环保日”写一份简单的计划书。要求:
1. 列出至少3项即将开展的活动。
2. 使用一般将来时的被动语态来描述这些活动。
3. 字数不少于60词。
【答案解析】
一、基础巩固:句型转换
1. The classroom will be cleaned tomorrow.
2. A meeting is going to be held next week.
3. Trees will be planted on the hill.
4. A new library is going to be built by the government.
5. Old books will be sent to the poor children.
2. (1) will be done / is going to be done (2) is being repaired (注意:此处进行时表将来安排,若严格按将来时被动则为will be repaired) -> 修正:will be repaired
(3) will be solved
(4) are going to be built / will be built
(5) will be collected
二、能力提升:短文填空
will change / is going to change; will be opened / is going to be opened;
will be sold / are going to be sold; will be planted / are going to be planted;
will be built / is going to be built; will be held / is going to be held;
will become / is going to become.
三、实践创新:环保计划书
(示例)
Dear students,
Next Friday is our "Green Day". Many activities will be held. A poster competition will be organized. Old batteries will be collected. A speech will be given by an expert. Also, some trees will be planted in the garden. We hope everyone can join us. Let's make our school greener!
板书设计
Unit 8 A green world
(Grammar: Passive voice in the simple future tense)
[Tree Diagram]
[Trunk: Future Passive Voice]
/ \
[Branch 1: Structure] [Branch 2: Usage]
| |
1. Subject + will be + P.P.
(e.g., Trees will be planted.)
2. Subject + am/is/are going to be + P.P.
(e.g., A show is going to be held.)
[Roots: When to use?] - Doer unknown/unimportant.
- Emphasize action/result.
[Leaves: Key Words]
organize -> organized
hold -> held
plant -> planted
send -> sent
clean -> cleaned
[Slogan]: Action speaks louder than words!
Let's make our future greener!
教学反思
成功之处
1. 采用“发现式”教学法,引导学生通过观察例句自主归纳语法规则,提高了学生的参与度和学习兴趣。
2. “新闻播报员”环节设计巧妙,将枯燥的语法练习转化为生动的交际活动,有效提升了学生的语言综合运用能力。
3. 板书设计新颖(语法树),将抽象的语法结构可视化,帮助学生更好地理解和记忆。
不足之处
1. 部分基础较弱的学生在区分will和be going to的细微差别时仍感困惑,课堂上时间有限,未能充分展开讲解。
2. 在句型转换练习中,个别学生容易忽略be动词,导致出现“will plant”等错误,虽然及时纠正,但说明基础不够牢固。
3. 对于长难句的被动语态转换,部分学生存在畏难情绪,需要更多的脚手架支持。
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