第08讲 Unit 4 Heroes（语法、写作知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材外研版

第08讲 Unit 4 Heroes （语法、写作知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法：定语从句 学习重点 本单元以“Heroes”为话题，属于“人与自我”与“人与社会”交叉主题范畴，核心聚焦“用英语介绍英雄人物、讲述英雄事迹、表达崇拜理由”， 常见写作角度包括：① 介绍中外著名英雄（科学家、医生、战士等）；② 分享身边的平民英雄事迹；③ 阐述英雄品质对个人的影响；④ 探讨“英雄”的定义。所有内容严格贴合课本话题与语言点，突出“榜样性”和“感染力” 考点一 语法精讲 定语从句 1. 定语从句的定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 定语从句的先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。 3. 定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1. 引导定语从句。2. 代替先行词。3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。 4. 定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 5. 关系代词引导的定语从句 （1）who指人，在从句中做主语。 The woman who visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend. 昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。 （2）whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 【注意】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 1.This is the student who I met yesterday. 这是我昨天见到的那个学生。 2.Who’s that man (whom) you just talked to? 刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁？ 3.The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。 （3）which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1.The shoe shop is a shop which sells shoes. 鞋店是销售鞋的商店。 2.The book (which) I read last night was wonderful. 我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。 （4）that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1.She is one of the students that works very hard. 她是最用功的学生中的一个。 2.A library is a place that people like very much. 图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。 （5）whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 【注意】whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替。 1.This is our classmate, Mary, whose home is not far from our school. 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。 2.He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。 3.I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在一幢屋顶已倒塌的房子。 4.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书？ =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书？ 5.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。 =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。 （6）介词+关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导。 ① 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等。 ② 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能 用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。 1.This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 【即练1】 1．The boy ________ mother is a pianist plays the piano very well. A．who B．whose C．whom D．that 2．Oliver Twist is about a boy ________ suffers many hardships in London. A．who B．which C．what D．when 3．This is the most beautiful park ________ I have ever visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 4．—Do you know the boy ________ is reading a book over there? —Yes, he is my brother. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 5．I never forget those days ________ we spent in the primary school together. A．which B．what C．where D．why 6．Success will belong to those people________ never say “Impossible”. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 7．We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools ________ we had visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 8．Miss Wang is a teacher ________ is patient with her students. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 9．The man ________ is talking to our teacher is my father. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 10．The most important thing ________ you should do is to be honest. A．which B．what C．that D．who 考点二 写作精讲 本单元以“Heroes”为话题，属于“人与自我”与“人与社会”交叉主题范畴，核心聚焦“用英语介绍英雄人物、讲述英雄事迹、表达崇拜理由”， 常见写作角度包括：① 介绍中外著名英雄（科学家、医生、战士等）；② 分享身边的平民英雄事迹；③ 阐述英雄品质对个人的影响；④ 探讨“英雄”的定义。所有内容严格贴合课本话题与语言点，突出“榜样性”和“感染力” 亮点词块 1.devoted one’s life to 毕生致力于 2.suffer from hunger 饱受饥饿之苦 3.never give up 永不放弃 4.receive the Medal of the Republic 获得共和国勋章 5.great achievements 卓越成就 6.inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 7.face difficulties 面对困难 8.true hero 真正的英雄 9.worth remembering 值得铭记 高分句子 1.As a young man, he saw many people suffer from hunger, so he devoted his life to developing better rice plants.（运用so表结果，贴合单元核心语法） 2.Though over 3,000 experiments failed, he never gave up.（结合让步状语，凸显英雄品质） 3.He inspires me to work hard and never lose hope when facing difficulties.（连接英雄影响与个人成长，升华主题） “我心中的英雄”。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你心中的一位英雄，包括其身份、主要事迹、带给你的影响及你崇拜他/她的原因，词数60-80左右，题目为“My Hero”。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【即练1】 每个时代都有自己的偶像，青少年们在成长中也一定有榜样的力量在指引。例如：航天英雄杨利伟，奥运冠军苏炳添，抗疫英雄钟南山等等。其实，只要用心观察，平凡的生活中也有我们的偶像。他们陪伴我们成长，指引我们前行，给予我们力量。 请根据以下提示，以“My hero”为题，讲述一位平凡生活中的偶像。 (1)偶像：妈妈   年龄：40多岁   职业： 医生   爱好：读书 (2) 生活中照顾我；遇到困难给我建议； (3)经常花很多时间工作，目的是帮助更多的人； (4)两年前，去贫困地区当志愿者，培训年轻医生并且帮助建立医院； (5) 我认为……。 写作要求： (1) 不得使用真实姓名和学校名。 (2)包含以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 (3)字迹工整，语言精练，表达准确，条理清楚。 (4)词数80词左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数。) My hero My hero is my mother and ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一．语法训练 A.完成句子 1．刚才与你谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 The man ________ you ________ ________ just now is my father. 2．参观以后，我认为中国人是最懂丝绸文化的人。 After the visit, I think the Chinese are the ones who ________ the culture of silk. 3．Someone ________ helps others selflessly is truly great. 无私帮助他人的人真的很伟大。 4．Mr Li is a teacher. He is patient with students.（合并为含有定语从句的复合句） Mr Li is a teacher ________ ________ patient with students. 5．The boy with a basketball in his hand is a new player.（改为定语从句的复合句） The boy ________ ________ a basketball in his hand is a new player. 6．The book is interesting. You lent it to me yesterday. (改为定语从句的复合句) The book ________ you lent to me yesterday ________ interesting. 7．每个生活在地球上的人，都应该保护我们的家园。 Everyone ________ ________ on earth should protect our home. 8．I am the only student. I can run faster than Peter.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 9．The building is our school. The building stands by the lake.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 10．Please bring back the dictionary. I lent you the dictionary last week.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 11．This is a factory. It recycles useless plastic. (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 12．The rules help us save energy. They are made by our school.  (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 13．我十分钦佩那些能勇敢地表达自己想法的同学们。 I greatly admire those classmates ________ ________ express their ideas bravely. 14．The habits are good for the earth. We develop these habits in daily life. （用that/which/who合并下列句子） ___________________________________________________________________ 15．The man will give us a talk. He studies environmental protection. (用that/which/who合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________ B.语法填空 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入合适的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring tea holds a special place in Chinese culture. It is also 1 (wide) known as “Ming Qian Cha” in China. The tea is famous for 2 (it) freshness, wonderful taste, and many health benefits. The tradition of spring tea dates back thousands of years. In ancient China, emperors 3 (see) spring tea as a valuable treasure. The picking time is quite important. Usually spring tea 4 (pick) from late March to early May. During this period, after a long winter rest, tea leaves have a 5 (nice) smell and smoother taste. There are several different kinds of spring tea. Longjing from Hangzhou is popular with people because 6 its flat (平的), light green leaves and a sweet aftertaste (余味). Another example about spring tea is Biluochun from Jiangsu. With a curly shape, it smells like a flower. Drinking it offers 7 unforgettable experience. The process of making spring tea is an art. Each step requires great skills and rich experience 8 (keep) the special quality of the tea. In Chinese culture, tea-drinking is not just about quenching thirst. It is a way to relax, communicate, and connect with nature. 9 people gather to drink spring tea, they often have deep conversations and enjoy the moment of peace. Today, spring tea is popular around the world. It stands for a kind of 10 (tradition) Chinese culture, and it carries the wisdom of the Chinese people through a simple cup of tea. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lhamo Yudron was born into a family of Tibetan embroiderers (藏族刺绣工). When she was young, she had the chance 1 (learn) Tibetan embroidery from her elders. In the eyes of the elders, she was born 2 the ability to learn. In 2006, Lhamo Yudron started to work at her father’s Tibetan embroidery company. She worked hard to improve the style of 3 (tradition) Tibetan embroidery to make more people like it. Then, she wondered 4 she had the ability to do better. Lhamo Yudron set up her own Tibetan embroidery company in 2009 with the support of her family. She was always serious about her work. She traveled to cities like Beijing and Suzhou in search of the right materials. She also traveled around China as well as to 5 (Asia) countries like Thailand and Nepal to exhibit (展览) Tibetan embroidery. In 2021, Tibetan embroidery 6 (list) into the National Intangible Cultural Heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Nowadays, the products from Lhamo Yudron’s company have made their way to Beijing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. They have 7 (wide) become popular with people there. Lhamo Yudron also encourages more local people in her hometown to learn Tibetan embroidery. So far, her company 8 (give) training and offered jobs to more than 1,000 people. She often says she takes pride in 9 (help) them find jobs. Now Lhamo Yudron is still working hard to spread 10 influence of Tibetan embroidery so that more people can come to learn more about Tibetan culture. 二．写作训练 1．假如你校英语社团将举办以“The Hero in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍你心中的英雄——航天员邓清明。提示内容如下： (1)邓清明于1966年出生于江西省，虽然家庭贫困，但他学习勤奋刻苦； (2)1998年，他成为我国十四名首批航天员之一； (3)尽管多年来一直作为后备航天员(backup astronaut)，但他认真对待每一次训练； (4)经过24年10个月，他终于实现了自己的太空梦； (5)我认为…… 要求：(1)包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2)100词左右。 The Hero in My Heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．自苏超赛事举办以来，泰州队作为一匹让人意外的 “黑马”，成功走进了全国人民的视线；不管是在赛场上努力的运动员，还是指导他们的教练，都是我们泰州人心中的英雄。假如你班将要开展一次以“The hero in my heart”为主题的英语班会。请你根据下面的要点与要求写一篇英语发言稿。 要点： (1) 你心中的英雄是谁? (2) 你为什么认为他/她是你心中的英雄? (3) 你从他/她那里学到了什么? 要求： (1) 文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名： (2) 词数100左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) 。 The hero in my heart Good afternoon, everyone! I’m glad that I have the chance to tell you about the hero in my heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening. 3．每个人心中都有一位英雄。他/她可能是养育我们的亲人，教导我们的老师，也可能是历史上的伟人或身边的榜样。无论他/她是谁，都一定在你的成长中留下了深刻的印记。假如你是李芳，请你根据以下提示，以“The Hero in My Heart”为题，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你心中的这位英雄。 提示：1. Who is your hero? 2. What does he or she do? 3. Why is he or she your hero? 4. What’s your opinion about heroes? 要求：1.短文内容应包含题目要求所给的全部信息，可适当发挥; 2.语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范; 3.短文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名)。 4.词数：不少于70。 The Hero in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．“英雄儿女各千秋。”你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是奥运场上的运动健儿，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人或是你身边的平凡守护者。 某英文网站正在开展以“我心中的英雄”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍你心中的英雄是谁，叙述这位英雄的故事以及他对你的影响。根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语：help, thank, believe, encourage 提示问题： ● Who is the hero in your heart? ● What did he/she do? ● What is his/her influence on you? A Hero in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．每个时代都有自己的偶像，青少年们在成长中也一定有榜样的力量在指引他们，例如：航天英雄杨利伟、奥运冠军潘展乐、抗疫英雄钟南山等等。其实，只要用心观察，平凡的生活中也有我们的偶像。 请根据以下提示，以“My hero”为题，讲述一位平凡生活中的偶像，词数80～100。 提示: 1. 我的偶像是我的妈妈，她40岁，是一名医生，爱好是读书； 2. 生活中照顾我，在我遇到困难时，她会给我建议； 3. 经常花很多时间工作，为了帮助更多的人； 4. 两年前，去贫困地区当志愿者，培训年轻医生并且帮助建立医院； 5. 我认为…… My hero ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．“铁榔头”郎平曾经是中国女排的主教练，她的优秀事迹和为中国女排所做的贡献值得我们传颂和学习。假设你的偶像是郎平，请你根据下面表格的提示，写一篇关于她的文章，发表在学校英文报刊上。 个人信息 1960年12月10日出生于中国天津 受父亲的影响，从小就对排球感兴趣 职业生涯 作为运动员，刻苦训练，参加国家队的选拔，成功地赢得了许多奖牌，证明了…… 作为教练，高标准严要求，队员处于困境时……带领中国女排多次夺冠，我们以她为骄傲…… 你的感受 作为青少年，我从她身上学到了…… 要求： （1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； （2）必须包括表格中所有要点内容，并适当发挥； （3）词数：100词左右； （4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 中国女排：Chinese women’s volleyball team 夺冠：win the championship The Hero in My Heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．学校团委举行中英初中生书信联谊活动。假如你是Susan，请根据下面表格提示和要求，写一封书信给笔友Nancy介绍你自己。 基本情况 姓名 出生日期 班级 Susan 2004年8月 九年级，校艺术俱乐部成员 Hobby 1.喜欢看恐怖电影，因为……（列1点） 2.喜欢旅游，桂林非常值得一游 Hero 1.Hepburn最伟大的女演员之一，在Roman Holiday中被选中扮演公主的主要角色； 2.Jackie Chan被认为是功夫明星，他的电影成功地将幽默和激动人心的动作融合在一起。 Honor 曾经帮助警方破获绑架案，获校见义勇为奖（award for bravery） Dream 有画画天赋，梦想着……（自由发挥1-2句） 注意：1.要点齐全，而且有适当拓展，但不得逐字翻译。 2.条理清晰，语意连贯，字迹工整。 3.词数90左右。不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Dear Nancy, My name is Susan. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope to make friends with you! Yours sincerely, Susan 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第08讲 Unit 4 Heroes （语法、写作知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法：定语从句 学习重点 本单元以“Heroes”为话题，属于“人与自我”与“人与社会”交叉主题范畴，核心聚焦“用英语介绍英雄人物、讲述英雄事迹、表达崇拜理由”， 常见写作角度包括：① 介绍中外著名英雄（科学家、医生、战士等）；② 分享身边的平民英雄事迹；③ 阐述英雄品质对个人的影响；④ 探讨“英雄”的定义。所有内容严格贴合课本话题与语言点，突出“榜样性”和“感染力” 考点一 语法精讲 定语从句 1. 定语从句的定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 定语从句的先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。 3. 定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1. 引导定语从句。2. 代替先行词。3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。 4. 定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 5. 关系代词引导的定语从句 （1）who指人，在从句中做主语。 The woman who visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend. 昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。 （2）whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 【注意】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 1.This is the student who I met yesterday. 这是我昨天见到的那个学生。 2.Who’s that man (whom) you just talked to? 刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁？ 3.The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。 （3）which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1.The shoe shop is a shop which sells shoes. 鞋店是销售鞋的商店。 2.The book (which) I read last night was wonderful. 我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。 （4）that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1.She is one of the students that works very hard. 她是最用功的学生中的一个。 2.A library is a place that people like very much. 图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。 （5）whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 【注意】whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替。 1.This is our classmate, Mary, whose home is not far from our school. 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。 2.He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。 3.I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在一幢屋顶已倒塌的房子。 4.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书？ =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书？ 5.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。 =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。 （6）介词+关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导。 ① 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等。 ② 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能 用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。 1.This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 【即练1】 1．The boy ________ mother is a pianist plays the piano very well. A．who B．whose C．whom D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个男孩的妈妈是钢琴家，钢琴弹得非常好。 who谁；whose谁的；whom谁；that那个。空格后紧跟名词mother，空格处需要可置于名词前、用来表示先行词与该名词所属关系的关系词，whose关系代词，后接名词，用于表达先行词的所属关系，符合题意。 2．Oliver Twist is about a boy ________ suffers many hardships in London. A．who B．which C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《雾都孤儿》讲述了一个在伦敦历经重重磨难的男孩的故事。 who谁（指人）；which哪个（指物）；what什么；when什么时候（指时间）。根据“a boy ________ goes out to sea”可知，先行词是a boy，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。 3．This is the most beautiful park ________ I have ever visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我曾经参观过的最美丽的公园。 which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指人；that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。先行词是park，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，当先行词由形容词或副词最高级修饰时，从句的引导词应用that。 4．—Do you know the boy ________ is reading a book over there? —Yes, he is my brother. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识那边正在读书的那个男孩吗？——是的，他是我的兄弟。 who谁（主格）；which哪一个（指物）；whom谁（宾格）；whose谁的。分析句子结构可知，先行词the boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。故填who。 5．I never forget those days ________ we spent in the primary school together. A．which B．what C．where D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起在小学度过的那些日子。 which哪个/那一个（关系代词，指物）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）；where在哪里（关系副词）；why为什么（关系副词）。根据句意可知，先行词days在定语从句中作spent的宾语，应用关系代词which，故选which。 6．Success will belong to those people________ never say “Impossible”. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：成功将属于那些从不说“不可能”的人。 whom谁(宾格)；whose谁的；who谁(主格)；which哪一个(指物)。先行词为those people，指人，且在从句中作主语，关系代词用who。 7．We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools ________ we had visited. A．which B．who C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们对参观过的老师和学校印象深刻。 which哪一个；who谁；that那个；where哪里。根据先行词“the teachers and schools”既包含人又包含物，定语从句只能用that引导，应填that。 8．Miss Wang is a teacher ________ is patient with her students. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王老师是一位对学生有耐心的老师。 先行词“a teacher”指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导定语从句。which指物；what不能引导定语从句；whose在从句中作定语（表所属关系）。 9．The man ________ is talking to our teacher is my father. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：正在和我们老师说话的那个男人是我的父亲。 which哪个（指物）；whose谁的；whom谁（宾格）；who谁（主格）。先行词“The man”指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，因此用关系代词who来引导。 10．The most important thing ________ you should do is to be honest. A．which B．what C．that D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该做的最重要的事情是诚实。 which哪个；what什么；that那个；who谁。先行词是thing，且被最高级the most important修饰。根据语法规则，当先行词被最高级修饰时，定语从句的关系代词常用that不用which。 考点二 写作精讲 本单元以“Heroes”为话题，属于“人与自我”与“人与社会”交叉主题范畴，核心聚焦“用英语介绍英雄人物、讲述英雄事迹、表达崇拜理由”， 常见写作角度包括：① 介绍中外著名英雄（科学家、医生、战士等）；② 分享身边的平民英雄事迹；③ 阐述英雄品质对个人的影响；④ 探讨“英雄”的定义。所有内容严格贴合课本话题与语言点，突出“榜样性”和“感染力” 亮点词块 1.devoted one’s life to 毕生致力于 2.suffer from hunger 饱受饥饿之苦 3.never give up 永不放弃 4.receive the Medal of the Republic 获得共和国勋章 5.great achievements 卓越成就 6.inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 7.face difficulties 面对困难 8.true hero 真正的英雄 9.worth remembering 值得铭记 高分句子 1.As a young man, he saw many people suffer from hunger, so he devoted his life to developing better rice plants.（运用so表结果，贴合单元核心语法） 2.Though over 3,000 experiments failed, he never gave up.（结合让步状语，凸显英雄品质） 3.He inspires me to work hard and never lose hope when facing difficulties.（连接英雄影响与个人成长，升华主题） “我心中的英雄”。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你心中的一位英雄，包括其身份、主要事迹、带给你的影响及你崇拜他/她的原因，词数60-80左右，题目为“My Hero”。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】 My Hero My hero is Yuan Longping, one of the world’s greatest scientists. As a young man, he saw many people suffer from hunger, so he devoted his life to developing better rice plants. Though over 3,000 experiments failed, he never gave up. He developed new rice that feeds millions of people worldwide. He received the Medal of the Republic in 2019 for his great achievements. He inspires me to work hard and never lose hope when facing difficulties. He is a true hero worth remembering forever. 【译文】 我心中的英雄 我心中的英雄是袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一。 年轻时，他目睹许多人饱受饥饿之苦，因此毕生致力于培育更优良的水稻品种。尽管3000多次实验失败，他从未放弃。他培育的新型水稻养活了全球数百万人，并因卓越成就于2019年获得“共和国勋章”。 他激励我努力奋斗，面对困难时永不放弃希望。他是一位值得永远铭记的真正英雄。 【即练1】 每个时代都有自己的偶像，青少年们在成长中也一定有榜样的力量在指引。例如：航天英雄杨利伟，奥运冠军苏炳添，抗疫英雄钟南山等等。其实，只要用心观察，平凡的生活中也有我们的偶像。他们陪伴我们成长，指引我们前行，给予我们力量。 请根据以下提示，以“My hero”为题，讲述一位平凡生活中的偶像。 (1)偶像：妈妈   年龄：40多岁   职业： 医生   爱好：读书 (2) 生活中照顾我；遇到困难给我建议； (3)经常花很多时间工作，目的是帮助更多的人； (4)两年前，去贫困地区当志愿者，培训年轻医生并且帮助建立医院； (5) 我认为……。 写作要求： (1) 不得使用真实姓名和学校名。 (2)包含以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 (3)字迹工整，语言精练，表达准确，条理清楚。 (4)词数80词左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数。) My hero My hero is my mother and ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 My hero My hero is my mother and she is forty years old. She is a doctor and enjoys reading. My mother takes care of me in life and gives me some advice whenever I meet difficulties. She often spends a lot of time working to help more people. Two years ago, she volunteered in poor areas, trained young doctors, and helped found hospitals. I believe that my mother is great. When I grow up, I also want to become someone like my mother and make contributions to the country and people. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，根据开头提示，介绍妈妈的年龄、职业和爱好； 第二步，介绍妈妈在生活中照顾我；遇到困难给我建议； 第三步，介绍妈妈经常花很多时间工作，目的是帮助更多的人； 第四步，介绍两年前，去贫困地区当志愿者，培训年轻医生并且帮助建立医院； 第五步，发表观点。 [亮点词汇] ①enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 ②take care of 关心 ③grow up长大 ④make contributions to为……作出贡献   [高分句型] ①My mother takes care of me in life and gives me some advice whenever I meet difficulties.（whenever引导的时间状语从句） ②She often spends a lot of time working to help more people.（spend time／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事） ③I believe that my mother is great.（that引导的宾语从句） ④When I grow up, I also want to become someone like my mother and make contributions to the country and people.（when引导的时间状语从句） 一．语法训练 A.完成句子 1．刚才与你谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 The man ________ you ________ ________ just now is my father. 【答案】 who/that talked with/to 【详解】原句中定语从句的引导词和“与……谈话”是关键词，“刚才与你谈话的那个人”这里“那个人”在从句中作宾语，先行词是人，引导定语从句既可以用who，也可以用that，它们都能代指人且在从句中作宾语，所以第一空填who或that都可以。“谈话”对应的英文表达，根据“just now（刚才）”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“谈话”常用“talk”，其过去式是“talked”，“与……谈话”常见的短语搭配有“talk with”和“talk to” ，二者都符合语境，所以第二空填talked，第三空填with或to都可以。 2．参观以后，我认为中国人是最懂丝绸文化的人。 After the visit, I think the Chinese are the ones who ________ the culture of silk. 【答案】know best 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“最懂”。空格后“the culture of silk”是名词短语，先行词the ones指代人，定语从句谓语用动词短语know best。 3．Someone ________ helps others selflessly is truly great. 无私帮助他人的人真的很伟大。 【答案】who 【详解】原句中“帮助他人的人”是关键词，“ helps others selflessly”是修饰“Someone”的定语从句，表示“某人”的关系代词用“who”，引导定语从句修饰“someone”。故填who。 4．Mr Li is a teacher. He is patient with students.（合并为含有定语从句的复合句） Mr Li is a teacher ________ ________ patient with students. 【答案】 who/that is 【详解】句意：李老师是一位老师。他对学生有耐心。原句要求合并为含定语从句的复合句，先行词是“a teacher”，指代人，因此用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语；原句“He is patient with students”的谓语为“is”，因此从句中需保留系动词is，故填who/that；is。 5．The boy with a basketball in his hand is a new player.（改为定语从句的复合句） The boy ________ ________ a basketball in his hand is a new player. 【答案】 who/that has 【详解】句意：手里拿着篮球的那个男孩是一名新队员。先行词是The boy，指人，因此定语从句的关系代词选用who/that。原句中的介词with在此处表示“拥有、带着”的含义，改为从句时需转换为动词have。先行词 The boy是第三人称单数，因此从句中的谓语动词 have 需变为has。故填who/that；has。 6．The book is interesting. You lent it to me yesterday. (改为定语从句的复合句) The book ________ you lent to me yesterday ________ interesting. 【答案】 which/that is 【详解】句意：你昨天借给我的那本书很有趣。改为定语从句，可用关系代词“which/that”，先行词是the book（指物），关系代词在从句you lent to me yesterday中作动词lent的宾语。主语the book是第三人称单数，因此谓语用be动词的第三人称单数形式is。故填that/which；is。 7．每个生活在地球上的人，都应该保护我们的家园。 Everyone ________ ________ on earth should protect our home. 【答案】 who lives 【详解】原句中“生活在地球上的人”中“生活在”是关键词，表示“居住”的动词是live。先行词Everyone后接定语从句，关系代词用who，从句中主语who是第三人称单数，谓语动词用lives。 8．I am the only student. I can run faster than Peter.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】I am the only student that can run faster than Peter. 【详解】句意：我是唯一一个学生。我能比彼得跑得快。两个简单句合并为定语从句时，先行词为“the only student”，指人，在从句中作主语，因先行词被“the only”修饰，关系代词选用“that”，that在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词是can run。故正确答案为“I am the only student that can run faster than Peter.”。 9．The building is our school. The building stands by the lake.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】The building that stands by the lake is our school./The building which stands by the lake is our school. 【详解】句意：那座建筑是我们的学校。那座建筑坐落在湖边。合并为定语从句时，第二句“The building stands by the lake”中的主语The building与第一句主语The building相同，因此将第二句改为定语从句修饰第一句的主语。The building（先行词，指物）后接关系代词that或which，后跟stands by the lake，再将第一句的谓语和表语is our school放在句尾。注意原第一句的主语The building被先行词替代，不再重复。应填The building that stands by the lake is our school./The building which stands by the lake is our school. 10．Please bring back the dictionary. I lent you the dictionary last week.（用定语从句把两个句子合并成一个句子） ________________________________________________ 【答案】Please bring back the dictionary which I lent you last week./Please bring back the dictionary that I lent you last week. 【详解】句意：请把词典还给我。我上周借给你了。主句：Please bring back the dictionary，从句：I lent you the dictionary last week，去掉重复的名词the dictionary，用关系代词指代，连接主从句。先行词是表示事物的名词，关系代词可用that或which，二者在从句中作lent的宾语。 11．This is a factory. It recycles useless plastic. (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This is a factory that recycles useless plastic./This is a factory which recycles useless plastic. 【详解】句意：这是一家工厂。它回收废旧塑料。原句为两个简单句，前后主语一致（It指代factory）。改为定语从句，其先行词“factory”是物，且在从句中作主语，因此需选用指代物且能作主语的关系代词that或which，完整句子结构为This is a factory that recycles useless plastic./This is a factory which recycles useless plastic. 12．The rules help us save energy. They are made by our school.  (用that/which/who合并下列句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The rules that are made by our school help us save energy./The rules which are made by our school help us save energy. 【详解】句意：这些规则帮助我们节约能源。它们是由我们学校制定的。合并定语从句时，先行词The rules指物，用that或which指代，在从句中作主语。主句是“The rules help us save energy.”，定语从句“that/which are made by our school”放在主语The rules之后。 13．我十分钦佩那些能勇敢地表达自己想法的同学们。 I greatly admire those classmates ________ ________ express their ideas bravely. 【答案】 who/that can 【详解】原句中“能……的同学们”是关键词，主句为“I greatly admire those classmates”，第一空需填入引导定语从句的成分，用来修饰先行词classmates，先行词classmates指人，在定语从句中作主语，故关系代词可用who或that，根据中文提示“能”，表示能力，对应英文情态动词can。 14．The habits are good for the earth. We develop these habits in daily life. （用that/which/who合并下列句子） ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The habits that we develop in daily life are good for the earth./The habits which we develop in daily life are good for the earth. 【详解】句意：这些习惯有益于地球，我们在日常生活中养成这些习惯。合并为一个句子，改成定语从句，可表达为“我们在日常生活中养成的这些习惯有益于地球”，先行词habits是物，可用关系代词that或which引导。 15．The man will give us a talk. He studies environmental protection. (用that/which/who合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The man who studies environmental protection will give us a talk./The man that studies environmental protection will give us a talk. 【详解】句意：这个人会给我们做演讲。他研究环境保护。合并后的句子是定语从句，主句是The man will give us a talk，先行词是The man，指人，且在从句中作主语，关系词用who/that，故从句部分为who/that studies environmental protection，置于先行词之后。 B.语法填空 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入合适的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring tea holds a special place in Chinese culture. It is also 1 (wide) known as “Ming Qian Cha” in China. The tea is famous for 2 (it) freshness, wonderful taste, and many health benefits. The tradition of spring tea dates back thousands of years. In ancient China, emperors 3 (see) spring tea as a valuable treasure. The picking time is quite important. Usually spring tea 4 (pick) from late March to early May. During this period, after a long winter rest, tea leaves have a 5 (nice) smell and smoother taste. There are several different kinds of spring tea. Longjing from Hangzhou is popular with people because 6 its flat (平的), light green leaves and a sweet aftertaste (余味). Another example about spring tea is Biluochun from Jiangsu. With a curly shape, it smells like a flower. Drinking it offers 7 unforgettable experience. The process of making spring tea is an art. Each step requires great skills and rich experience 8 (keep) the special quality of the tea. In Chinese culture, tea-drinking is not just about quenching thirst. It is a way to relax, communicate, and connect with nature. 9 people gather to drink spring tea, they often have deep conversations and enjoy the moment of peace. Today, spring tea is popular around the world. It stands for a kind of 10 (tradition) Chinese culture, and it carries the wisdom of the Chinese people through a simple cup of tea. 【答案】1．widely 2．its 3．saw 4．is picked 5．nicer 6．of 7．an 8．to keep 9．When 10．traditional 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国春茶的文化地位、历史渊源、采摘时间、著名品种、制作工艺，以及其超越解渴本身的文化内涵，指出春茶是中国传统文化的象征，承载着中国人的智慧。 1．句意：它在中国也被广泛称为“明前茶”。根据“It is also...known as ‘Ming Qian Cha’ in China.”可知，副词修饰动词，wide的副词为widely。故填widely。 2．句意：这种茶以它的新鲜度、绝佳的口感和诸多健康益处而闻名。根据“The tea is famous for...freshness”可知，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，it的形容词性物主代词为its。故填its。 3．句意：在古代中国，皇帝们把春茶视为珍贵的宝物。根据时间状语“In ancient China”可知，本句为一般过去时态，see的过去式为saw。故填saw。 4．句意：通常，春茶在三月下旬到五月上旬被采摘。根据“Usually spring tea...from late March to early May.”可知，主语spring tea和谓语动词pick之间是被动关系，茶叶被人采摘；且usually表示这是客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+过去分词，主语为spring tea，应用is，pick的过去分词为picked。故填is picked。 5．句意：在这段时间里，经过漫长冬季的休养，茶叶的香气更怡人，口感也更顺滑。根据“tea leaves have a...smell and smoother taste.”可知，此处应用比较级，与smoother构成并列关系，nice的比较级为nicer。故填nicer。 6．句意：杭州龙井深受人们喜爱，因为它扁平、淡绿的茶叶和甘甜的余味。根据“Hangzhou is popular with people because...its flat, light green leaves and a sweet aftertaste.”可知，because of“因为”，后加名词/代词等。故填of。 7．句意：饮用它能带来一次令人难忘的体验。根据“Drinking it offers...unforgettable experience.”可知，experience是可数名词单数，表示 “一次难忘的体验”，需要用不定冠词；unforgettable的发音以元音音素/ʌ/开头，因此用an。故填an。 8．句意：每一个步骤都需要高超的技艺和丰富的经验，为了保持茶叶的特殊品质。根据“Each step requires great skills and rich experience...the special quality of the tea.”可知，前半句“每一个步骤都需要高超的技艺和丰富的经验”，后半句的目的是“保持茶叶的特殊品质”，因此用动词不定式to keep来表示目的。故填to keep。 9．句意：当人们聚在一起喝春茶时，他们常常会进行深入的交谈，享受这宁静的时刻。根据“...people gather to drink spring tea, they often have deep conversations and enjoy the moment of peace.”可知，此处指当人们聚在一起喝春茶时，when引导时间状语从句，置于句首首字母大写。故填When。 10．句意：它代表了一种传统的中国文化。根据“It stands for a kind of...Chinese culture,”可知，形容词修饰名词，tradition的形容词为traditional。故填traditional。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lhamo Yudron was born into a family of Tibetan embroiderers (藏族刺绣工). When she was young, she had the chance 1 (learn) Tibetan embroidery from her elders. In the eyes of the elders, she was born 2 the ability to learn. In 2006, Lhamo Yudron started to work at her father’s Tibetan embroidery company. She worked hard to improve the style of 3 (tradition) Tibetan embroidery to make more people like it. Then, she wondered 4 she had the ability to do better. Lhamo Yudron set up her own Tibetan embroidery company in 2009 with the support of her family. She was always serious about her work. She traveled to cities like Beijing and Suzhou in search of the right materials. She also traveled around China as well as to 5 (Asia) countries like Thailand and Nepal to exhibit (展览) Tibetan embroidery. In 2021, Tibetan embroidery 6 (list) into the National Intangible Cultural Heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Nowadays, the products from Lhamo Yudron’s company have made their way to Beijing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. They have 7 (wide) become popular with people there. Lhamo Yudron also encourages more local people in her hometown to learn Tibetan embroidery. So far, her company 8 (give) training and offered jobs to more than 1,000 people. She often says she takes pride in 9 (help) them find jobs. Now Lhamo Yudron is still working hard to spread 10 influence of Tibetan embroidery so that more people can come to learn more about Tibetan culture. 【答案】1．to learn 2．with 3．traditional 4．if/whether 5．Asian 6．was listed 7．widely 8．has given 9．helping 10．the 【导语】本文主要讲述了藏族刺绣工Lhamo Yudron如何继承和发展藏族刺绣技艺，并推动其成为国家级非物质文化遗产的故事。 1．句意：当她年轻时，有机会从长辈那里学习藏族刺绣。have the chance to do sth“有机会做某事”，固定搭配，空处填不定式形式。故填to learn。 2．句意：在长辈眼中，她天生具备学习的能力。be born with“天生具有”，固定短语。故填with。 3．句意：她努力改进传统藏族刺绣的风格，让更多人喜欢它。空处修饰名词短语Tibetan embroidery，用形容词形式traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 4．句意：她想知道自己是否有能力做得更好。wonder后接宾语从句，表示“是否”用if或whether引导。故填if/whether。 5．句意：她也走遍中国，还去了泰国、尼泊尔等亚洲国家展览藏族刺绣。空处修饰名词countries，用形容词Asian“亚洲的”，作定语。故填Asian。 6．句意：2021年，藏族刺绣被列入国家级非物质文化遗产。主语“Tibetan embroidery”与动词list之间为被动关系，且根据“In 2021”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空处用一般过去时的被动语态was listed。故填was listed。 7．句意：它们在当地人群中广泛流行起来。空处修饰动词become，用副词形式widely“广泛地”。故填widely。 8．句意：到目前为止，她的公司已经为1000多人提供了培训和工作。根据“So far”可知，时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has given。 9．句意：她常说，她为帮助他们找到工作而自豪。in是介词，后跟动名词形式。故填helping。 10．句意：现在Lhamo Yudron仍在努力传播藏族刺绣的影响，让更多人了解藏族文化。此处特指藏族刺绣的影响，用定冠词the。故填the。 二．写作训练 1．假如你校英语社团将举办以“The Hero in My Heart”为题的征文活动，请你根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍你心中的英雄——航天员邓清明。提示内容如下： (1)邓清明于1966年出生于江西省，虽然家庭贫困，但他学习勤奋刻苦； (2)1998年，他成为我国十四名首批航天员之一； (3)尽管多年来一直作为后备航天员(backup astronaut)，但他认真对待每一次训练； (4)经过24年10个月，他终于实现了自己的太空梦； (5)我认为…… 要求：(1)包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2)100词左右。 The Hero in My Heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文： The Hero in My Heart The hero in my heart is Deng Qingming, a great Chinese astronaut. He was born in Jiangxi Province in 1966. Although he grew up in a poor family, he studied very hard. In 1998, he became one of China’s first 14 astronauts. For many years, he worked as a backup astronaut, but he took every training seriously and never gave up. After 24 years and 10 months of persistent efforts, he finally realized his space dream. I think Deng Qingming is a real hero. His spirit of perseverance and dedication encourages me to keep trying and never lose heart when facing difficulties. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ② 时态：为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，同时，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引入主题，介绍心中的英雄是邓清明，并简要描述其出生背景和家庭情况； 第二步，具体阐述邓清明的职业生涯，包括成为航天员的时间、作为后备航天员的经历以及最终实现太空梦的过程； 第三步，表达对邓清明的敬佩之情，并阐述其精神对自己的鼓励和影响。 [亮点词汇] ① take...seriously 认真对待…… ② give up 放弃 ③ realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 ④ perseverance and dedication 坚持不懈和奉献精神 ⑤ encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 [高分句型] Although he grew up in a poor family, he studied very hard.（although引导的让步状语从句） 2．自苏超赛事举办以来，泰州队作为一匹让人意外的 “黑马”，成功走进了全国人民的视线；不管是在赛场上努力的运动员，还是指导他们的教练，都是我们泰州人心中的英雄。假如你班将要开展一次以“The hero in my heart”为主题的英语班会。请你根据下面的要点与要求写一篇英语发言稿。 要点： (1) 你心中的英雄是谁? (2) 你为什么认为他/她是你心中的英雄? (3) 你从他/她那里学到了什么? 要求： (1) 文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名： (2) 词数100左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) 。 The hero in my heart Good afternoon, everyone! I’m glad that I have the chance to tell you about the hero in my heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening. 【答案】例文： The hero in my heart Good afternoon, everyone! I’m glad that I have the chance to tell you about the hero in my heart—It’s the famous scientist Yang Zhenning. As a Nobel Prize winner, he made great achievements in physics. He put forward the revolutionary theory of parity non-conservation and won the Nobel Prize in 1957. His “Yang-Mills theory” even became the foundation of modern physics. Besides, he returned to China in his old age and donated money to support China’s science development. He also taught us to be down-to-earth with his motto “be honest rather than tricky”. From him, I learn to dare to question authority and persist in pursuing goals. His love for science and country makes him a true hero. That’s all. Thank you for listening. 【总体分析】①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态主要为一般现在时 ； ③提示：需介绍心中英雄、说明原因、阐述所学内容。 【写作步骤】第一步：直接点明英雄身份，简要描述其特点。 第二步：用具体事例或品质说明为何视其为英雄，如努力工作、鼓励队员。 第三步：总结从英雄身上学到的道理，如坚持、团队合作，并联系自身。 【亮点词汇】①make great achievements取得巨大成就 ②put forward提出 ③ down-to-earth脚踏实地的 ④ persist in pursuing goals坚持追求目标 【高分句型】①He put forward the revolutionary theory of parity non-conservation and won the Nobel Prize in 1957.（运用了and连接的并列谓语动词） ②Besides, he returned to China in his old age and donated money to support China’s science development.（不定式作目的状语） 3．每个人心中都有一位英雄。他/她可能是养育我们的亲人，教导我们的老师，也可能是历史上的伟人或身边的榜样。无论他/她是谁，都一定在你的成长中留下了深刻的印记。假如你是李芳，请你根据以下提示，以“The Hero in My Heart”为题，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你心中的这位英雄。 提示：1. Who is your hero? 2. What does he or she do? 3. Why is he or she your hero? 4. What’s your opinion about heroes? 要求：1.短文内容应包含题目要求所给的全部信息，可适当发挥; 2.语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范; 3.短文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名)。 4.词数：不少于70。 The Hero in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 The Hero in My Heart When we think of the word “hero”, most of us may think of famous people. However, in my heart, the hero is not famous. She’s my cousin, Li Jia. She is a very kind and helpful woman. She gave up the chance to be a teacher in the city and volunteered to be a teacher in a very poor area in Shaanxi. She works hard and devotes her time to helping the children there. In my opinion, a hero needn’t be a great person, but she or he has to be helpful to others. I’d like to be a person like Li Jia. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点，如英雄的身份、事迹以及自己对于英雄的看法。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。通过描述大多数人对英雄的看法，引出自己心中英雄的不同之处，即不是名人，而是自己的表姐李佳； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从表姐的职业选择、工作态度以及她对孩子们的帮助等方面，详细介绍自己心中的英雄； 第三步，书写结语。表达自己对英雄的看法，并表明自己想要成为像表姐一样的人。 [亮点词汇] ①give up放弃 ②devote…to…致力于…… ③in my opinion在我看来 ④needn’t不必 [高分句型] ①However, in my heart, hero is not famous.（“in my heart”作为插入语，强调个人观点） 4．“英雄儿女各千秋。”你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是奥运场上的运动健儿，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人或是你身边的平凡守护者。 某英文网站正在开展以“我心中的英雄”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍你心中的英雄是谁，叙述这位英雄的故事以及他对你的影响。根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语：help, thank, believe, encourage 提示问题： ● Who is the hero in your heart? ● What did he/she do? ● What is his/her influence on you? A Hero in My Heart ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： A Hero in My Heart Everybody has a hero in his heart. My hero is my father because he is very helpful and he is always willing to help others.   I still remember on a cold and snowy winter evening, my father came to pick me up. When we were walking across the road, suddenly, an old lady fell down on the ground because of the ice. There were many people walking past her, but no one stopped to help her. However, my father ran to her and helped her to stand up without thinking. Unluckily the old lady hurt her leg. My father sent her to the hospital at once. The old lady thanked him again and again. What my father did makes me believe in love and trust. It encouraged me to help others. He sets a good example for me. I realized I should help the people who are in trouble whenever I can. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开门见山，引出话题； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容，主要围绕“自己心目中的英雄”以及“英雄的故事”展开，适当补充，丰富细节； 第三步，书写结语，表达影响。 [亮点词汇] ①in one’s heart在某人的心中 ②be willing to do sth乐意做某事 ③pick sb up搭载某人 ④fall down摔倒 ⑤stop to do sth停止去做某事 ⑥stand up站立 ⑦at once立刻 ⑧make sb do sth让某人做某事 ⑨encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人去做某事 ⑩be in trouble处于困境中 [高分句型] ①My hero is my father because he is very helpful and he is always willing to help others. (because引导的原因状语从句) ②When we were walking across the road, suddenly, an old lady fell down on the ground because of the ice. (when引导时间状语从句) ③I realized I should help the people who are in trouble whenever I can. (省略that的宾语从句和who引导的定语从句) 5．每个时代都有自己的偶像，青少年们在成长中也一定有榜样的力量在指引他们，例如：航天英雄杨利伟、奥运冠军潘展乐、抗疫英雄钟南山等等。其实，只要用心观察，平凡的生活中也有我们的偶像。 请根据以下提示，以“My hero”为题，讲述一位平凡生活中的偶像，词数80～100。 提示: 1. 我的偶像是我的妈妈，她40岁，是一名医生，爱好是读书； 2. 生活中照顾我，在我遇到困难时，她会给我建议； 3. 经常花很多时间工作，为了帮助更多的人； 4. 两年前，去贫困地区当志愿者，培训年轻医生并且帮助建立医院； 5. 我认为…… My hero ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 My hero My hero is my mother and she’s 40. She is a doctor. She likes reading books. She takes care of me in life. She gives me advice when I am in trouble. She often spends a lot of time working with the aim of helping more people. Two years ago, she volunteered in poor areas, training young doctors and helping to build hospitals. I think she is a good mother and selfless person. I want to learn from her, and I hope to be a doctor in the future. I hope my dream can come true. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接说明我的偶像是我的妈妈； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。重点介绍妈妈的个人情况和具体因为哪些事情成为了我的偶像； 第三步，书写结语。谈谈我的妈妈的看法和妈妈对我的影响。 [亮点词汇] ①takes care of照顾 ②advice建议 ③aim目的 ④selfless无私的 [高分句型] ①She gives me advice when I am in trouble. (时间状语从句) ②I think she is a good mother and selfless person. (宾语从句) 6．“铁榔头”郎平曾经是中国女排的主教练，她的优秀事迹和为中国女排所做的贡献值得我们传颂和学习。假设你的偶像是郎平，请你根据下面表格的提示，写一篇关于她的文章，发表在学校英文报刊上。 个人信息 1960年12月10日出生于中国天津 受父亲的影响，从小就对排球感兴趣 职业生涯 作为运动员，刻苦训练，参加国家队的选拔，成功地赢得了许多奖牌，证明了…… 作为教练，高标准严要求，队员处于困境时……带领中国女排多次夺冠，我们以她为骄傲…… 你的感受 作为青少年，我从她身上学到了…… 要求： （1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； （2）必须包括表格中所有要点内容，并适当发挥； （3）词数：100词左右； （4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 中国女排：Chinese women’s volleyball team 夺冠：win the championship The Hero in My Heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 The Hero in My Heart Do you know the “Iron Hammer”? She is a hero to Chinese sports fans. Her real name is Lang Ping. Lang Ping was born in Tianjin on 10th Dec. 1960. Influenced by her father, she has been interested in volleyball since she was young. As a volleyball player, she practised hard and tried out for the national team. She succeeded in winning many prizes. She proved that Chinese women could play volleyball well. As a coach, she was very strict and worked to high standards. She always cheered her team members up when they were in trouble. She thinks the whole team should fight for the last minute. Through hard work, the Chinese women’s volleyball team has won many games. We are proud of her. The spirit of never giving up has impressed me a lot. From her story, I realize that I should never give up when I am in trouble. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍郎平的个人信息，职业生涯； 第二步，介绍自己的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①be born in出生于 ②be interested in对……感兴趣 ③succeed in doing sth成功做某事 [高分句型] ①Influenced by her father, she has been interested in volleyball since she was young.（since引导时间状语从句） ②She always cheered her team members up when they were in trouble. （when引导时间状语从句） 7．学校团委举行中英初中生书信联谊活动。假如你是Susan，请根据下面表格提示和要求，写一封书信给笔友Nancy介绍你自己。 基本情况 姓名 出生日期 班级 Susan 2004年8月 九年级，校艺术俱乐部成员 Hobby 1.喜欢看恐怖电影，因为……（列1点） 2.喜欢旅游，桂林非常值得一游 Hero 1.Hepburn最伟大的女演员之一，在Roman Holiday中被选中扮演公主的主要角色； 2.Jackie Chan被认为是功夫明星，他的电影成功地将幽默和激动人心的动作融合在一起。 Honor 曾经帮助警方破获绑架案，获校见义勇为奖（award for bravery） Dream 有画画天赋，梦想着……（自由发挥1-2句） 注意：1.要点齐全，而且有适当拓展，但不得逐字翻译。 2.条理清晰，语意连贯，字迹工整。 3.词数90左右。不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Dear Nancy, My name is Susan. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope to make friends with you! Yours sincerely, Susan 【答案】例文 Dear Nancy, My name is Susan and I was born in August 2004. I am a Grade 9 student and I am a member of the school’s Art Club. As for my hobbies, I like watching horror movies because they are exciting. Travelling is also my favorite, and Guilin is well worth visiting. What’s more, my favorite heroes are Jackie Chan and Hepburn. Hepburn is one of the greatest actresses who was selected to play the main role of a princess in Roman Holiday. Jackie Chan is considered a martial arts star, and his movies successfully blend humor and exciting actions. Moreover, I once won an Award for Bravery because I helped the police solve the kidnapping. Speaking of my dream, I have a talent for drawing. I hope I can be a painter in the future and draw all the beautiful rivers and mountains of our motherland. I hope to make friends with you. Yours sincerely, Susan 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，是一封书信； ②时态：主要是一般现在时，提及过去的经历用一般过去时； ③提示：进行自我介绍，注意行文逻辑要通顺，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。引出自我介绍这个话题； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“基本情况、兴趣爱好，喜欢的明星、曾获得的荣誉和未来的梦想等”方面进行介绍； 第三步，书写结语。表达想结交朋友的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①blend融合 ②be worth doing值得被做 ③have a talent for有……方面的天赋 [高分句型] ①Hepburn is one of the greatest actresses who was selected to play the main role of a princess in Roman Holiday.（who引导定语从句） ②I hope I can be a painter in the future and draw all the beautiful rivers and mountains of our motherland.（省略that的宾语从句） ③I like watching horror movies because they are exciting.（because引导原因状语从句） 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $