第07讲 Unit 4 Heroes（课文知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材外研版

第07讲 Unit 4 Heroes （课文知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 Unit 4 Heroes单词及课文学习 学习重点 Unit 4 Heroes知识解析学习 考点一 Unit 4 Heroes课文解读1 Understanding ideas 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 课文重点词汇1 1.fearless adj.无畏的，不怕的 2.bravely adv. 勇敢地，无畏地 3.footstep n.足迹 4.northeast n. 东北,东北方向 5.gentle adj.温和的，温柔的 6.fighter n.斗士，奋斗者 7.death n.死，死亡 8.pity n.可惜，遗憾 9.war n.战争 10.fixed adj.固定的;不变的 11.unchanging adj.不变的，恒定的 课文对译解读1 What was she like? 原文： As a little girl, I was often told "Your grandmother Zhao Yiman was a hero". However, to me, she was just an old picture on the wall. She died long before I was born. So, I never got to know her. As a teenager, I started asking questions about her. According to my great-aunt, Grandma was someone who never gave up. And she was also a person who always thought of others first. My teacher said that Grandma was a fearless soldier who bravely died for China. Years later, I followed her footsteps across China. She fought in many places. I saw Yiman Street, Yiman Park, and Yiman Primary School. People remember her with great respect. After I became a mother myself, I had more questions. How could a mother who loved her young son leave him behind? In the letter that Grandma wrote to my father before her death, I found the answer. The paper has yellowed over time, but its message is as clear as ever. Between the lines, there is not only the love of a gentle mother. There is also the courage of a brave fighter. As I read it, tears quietly filled my eyes. For the first time, I saw Grandma as a real person. Now she is not just a picture or a name. 翻译： 她是一个怎样的人？ 小时候，我经常听人家说：“你的奶奶赵一曼是一位英雄。”然而，对我来说，她只是墙上的一张旧照片。她在我出生之前很久就去世了。所以，我从未有机会认识她。 十几岁时，我开始询问关于她的事情。据我姨婆所说，奶奶是一个从不放弃的人。她也是一个总是先想到别人的人。我的老师说，奶奶是一位无畏的战士，为中国英勇牺牲了。 多年后，我追随她的足迹走遍了中国。她战斗过很多地方。我看到了一曼街、一曼公园和一曼小学。人们怀着极大的敬意纪念她。 在我自己成为母亲之后，我有了更多疑问。一个深爱幼子的母亲怎么能舍他而去呢？在奶奶临终前写给我父亲的信中，我找到了答案。信纸已经泛黄，但其中的信息却一如既往地清晰。字里行间不仅仅体现了一位温柔母亲的爱，还有一位无畏战士的勇气。读着读着，泪水悄然充满了我的眼眶。第一次，我把奶奶看作一个真实的人。现在，她不再只是一张照片或一个名字。 2 August 1936 Ning'er, It's a pity that I can't complete my duty. As a mother, I should bring you up. But for the victory of our country, I have to give up my life today. I can't see you again. I just hope that you can grow up healthy. I'll always be happy to know that. My dearest boy, I won't be able to teach you through my words. I can only teach you through my actions. When you grow up, never forget that I died for our country. Your mother, Zhao Yiman 信件的翻译： 1936年8月2日 宁儿： 很遗憾我不能完成我的责任。作为一个母亲，我应该把你养大成人。但为了我们国家的胜利，我今天不得不牺牲自己的生命。 我再也见不到你了。我只希望你能健康成长。知道这一点，我会永远开心。 我最亲爱的孩子，我无法用言语教导你。我只能用我的行动来教导你。 当你长大成人，永远不要忘记，我是为了我们的国家而牺牲的。 你的母亲，赵一曼 考点二 课文知识解析1 1.think of sb. first 优先考虑某人；先想到某人 think of​ 是固定短语，of 是介词，后面接名词或代词宾格。近义表达： put sb. first 把某人放在第一位 The teacher thought of her students first during the fire drill.在消防演练中，老师首先想到了她的学生。 Kind people often think of those in need first.善良的人常常会先想到那些有需要的人。 Even when she was tired, she still thought of her family first.即使很累，她仍然先考虑到家人。 2.remember sb. with great respect怀着深深的敬意铭记某人 with great respect：是介词短语作方式状语。 其中 respect此处为不可数名词，意为“尊敬、敬意”；great用来强化程度，也可替换为 deep / much / high等形容词。 Students remember the old teacher with great respect. 学生们怀着深深的敬意铭记那位老教师。 They remember the kind doctor with great respect.他们怀着深深的敬意铭记那位善良的医生。 3.death的用法 用法分析 death n.死；死亡，在句中做主语或宾语。 她没能摆脱失去丈夫的痛苦。She can’t get over her husband’s death. 考点辨析 die, dead, dying, death die 做动词，意为“死；死亡”，指因生病、年老、负伤等原因而死，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 dead 做形容词，意为“死的；无生命的”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表达“死了多长时间”用“have/has been dead for+时间段”或“died+时间段+ago”。 dying die的现在分词，做定语或表语，意为“垂死的；要死的”。 death 做名词，意为“死；死亡”，在句中做主语或宾语。 It is reported that five people died in the traffic accident.据报道，有5人死于那次交通事故。 His father has been dead for ten years.=His father died ten years ago.他父亲已经去世十年了。 This is a dying bird.这是一只快死的鸟。 The death of her mother was sudden.她母亲的死很突然。 His grandmother ___C___ for 6 years. And he still misses her very much. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died 4. give up的用法 用法分析 give up意为“放弃”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，接代词做宾语时，要把代词放在give和up之间。 这个问题太难。我要放弃它。This question is too difficult. I shall give it up. 考点拓展 由“动词+up”构成的常见短语 put up举起，张贴 dress up穿上（盛装） set up设立，建起 get up起床 stay up熬夜 lookup查阅，向上看 wake up叫醒，醒来 pick up捡起 take up占据，开始做 show up出现，露面 grow up长大 cheer up振作起来 Everyone should ___C___ litter whenever he sees it on the playground. A. give up B. mix up C. pick up D. use up 5.follow的用法 用法分析 follow做动词，意为“服从；跟随；领会；听懂；听从”。 三只小鸭子正跟着它们的妈妈。Three little ducks are following their mom. 考点拓展 following做形容词，意为“下面的；其次的，接着的”。 Please answer the following questions.请回答下面的问题。 固定搭配 follow sb.to do sth.跟着某人做某事；follow the rules遵循、遵守规则；follow after追求，模仿；follow the example of以……为榜样。 For our safety, we must follow the traffic rules on he way to school.为了我们的安全，在上学的路上我们必须遵守交通规则。 I’m afraid I didn’t ___B___ you. Could you repeat your words？ A. believe B. follow C. please D. satisfy 考点三 Unit 4 Heroes 课文解读2 Reading for writing 课文重点词汇2 1.dreamer n.做梦的人 2.burning adj.火热的;灼热的 3.countless adj.无数的,数不尽的 4.president n. 国家主席;总统 5.republic n. 共和国 6.productive adj.多产的 7.type n.类型，种类 8.soil n.土壤，土地，泥土 9.socialist adj. 社会主义的 课文对译解读2 The dreamer of plenty Under the burning sun, an elderly man moved slowly through a sea of green rice.He picked an ear of rice, checked it with an expert eye, and moved on. It was just another day for him. He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. No one could imagine what this farmer had done the day before. President XiJinping had presented him with the Medal of the Republic. His name was Yuan Longping. Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930. In his youth, he was sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. After leaving college in 1953, Yuan spent nearly 70 years solving this problem. He believed deeply that "food is the most important thing in the world". He dreamed of developing more productive rice plants. However, it was easier said than done. Over3,000 of his experiments failed. "Failure is very common in scientific research," he once said. "Every time I fall down, I'll get up and try again." He travelled around China to realise his dream. He said, "I never stopped,like a bird going after the warmth of the sun." Finally, he succeeded in developing new types of rice plants. One produced 30%more rice than normal plants. Another could grow in the poor soils which cover large areas of China. But Yuan didn't stop there. He had an even greater dream: a rice plant that would feed the whole world. Later, age made it more difficult for him to work. Yuan just moved his house next to the rice fields! Yuan passed away in 2021, but his dreams live on. His rice is grown around China and in about 60 other countries. His lifelong efforts have helped to feed 80 million more people a year. Yuan is remembered as a national hero for helping build China into a modern socialist country. His example continues to encourage people to follow in his footsteps. 烈日下，一位老者缓缓穿过一片翠绿的稻田。他摘下一穗稻谷，用专业的眼光仔细检查后继续前行——对他而言，这只是平凡的一天。他从早到晚辛勤工作，逐一检查着无数稻株。无人能想象这位农民前一天究竟完成了怎样的辛劳。习近平主席曾授予他“共和国勋章”。他的名字叫袁隆平。 袁于1930年出生于北京。青年时期，他深感痛心地发现许多中国人正遭受饥饿之苦。1953年大学毕业后，袁便投入近70年的时间致力于解决这一问题。 他深信“食物是世界上最重要的东西”。他梦想培育出更高产的水稻品种。 然而，说起来容易做起来难。他的实验中有超过3000次以失败告终。“失败在科学研究中非常普遍，”他曾这样说道，“每次失败后，我都会重新站起来尝试。”为实现梦想，他走遍了中国各地。他表示：“我从未停下脚步，就像一只追逐阳光温暖的鸟儿。”最终，他成功培育出了新型水稻品种：其中一种产量比普通水稻高出30%；另一种则能在覆盖中国广大地区的贫瘠土壤中生长。 但袁先生并未止步于此。他怀揣着更为宏大的梦想：培育一种能够养活全球人口的水稻品种。后来，年事渐高使他工作愈发困难，于是袁先生干脆将住所迁至稻田旁！袁先生于2021年逝世，但他的梦想永存不朽——他的水稻品种如今在中国及全球约60个国家广泛种植。他毕生的努力每年为全球额外8000万人提供粮食保障。袁先生被誉为助力中国建设现代化社会主义国家的民族英雄，其精神楷模至今仍激励着人们追随他的足迹。 考点四 课文知识解析2 1.successful的用法 用法分析 successful是形容词，意为“成功的；有成就的”，做表语或定语。 她是一位非常成功的母亲。She is a very successful mother. 巧学助记success n.成功十后缀-ful→successful adj.成功的+后缀-ly→successfully adv成功地（用于修饰动词）。success n.成功（去ss）+ed→succeed v成功。 Her first success encouraged her to work even harder.她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作。 He finished the work successfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。 He succeeded in passing the exam他成功地通过了考试。 固定搭配 succeed in （doing）sth.=be successful in（doing）sth.=have success in（doing）sth.表示“成功地做某事”。 He succeeded in solving the problem. =He was successful in solving the problem. =He had success in solving the problem.他成功地解决了这个问题。 用所给词的适当形式填空 With great courage and effort, Liu Chuanjian, a national hero, successfully（success）landed the plane, saving over 100 people. 2.be remembered as... 作为……被铭记 / 被尊奉为…… 强调某人因为自身的成就、品质或历史定位，被赋予的特定称谓或地位。 as是介词，后面接表示身份、称号、性质的名词（如 a hero 英雄, a great leader 伟大的领袖）。 Dr. Sun Yat-sen is remembered as a national hero for leading the revolution.孙中山先生因领导革命，被尊奉为民族英雄。 Lu Xun is remembered as a famous writer.鲁迅作为一位著名作家被铭记。 He is remembered as a great leader.他被尊奉为一位伟大的领袖。 3.build...into... 把……建设/发展成…… 及物短语动词，build在此引申为“建设、发展、造就”，into引出最终成为的状态或结果。 结构：build + 对象(国家/城市/组织等)+ into + 目标形态(现代化国家/大都市/强队等)。 We plan to build​ our town into a modern city.我们计划把我们的城镇建设成一个现代化城市。 The government tries to build​ the village into a tourist spot.政府努力把这个村子发展成一个旅游景点。 4.continue to do sth. 继续做某事 continue to do sth.强调 “动作转换” 或 “中断后继续”（可接不同动作）。 continue doing sth.强调 “持续做同一件事，未中断”。 continue 也可作系动词，后接形容词或名词，表示 “保持某种状态”。 He continued to write after a coffee break.他休息后继续写作。 He continued writing without a break.他一直写作，未中断。 They have continued to support the project for years.他们多年来持续支持该项目。 The weather continued cold.天气持续寒冷。 5.fall down的用法 用法分析 fall down在本句中意为“摔倒”，该短语为“动词+副词”结构，为不及物动词短语，不能直接跟宾语。fall down from意为“从…….摔下”。 老妇人摔倒了，摔断了腿。The old lady fell down and broke her leg. 考点辨析 fall down, fall off fall down 意为“倒下”，强调“在平面摔倒；倒下”。 fall of 意为“跌落”，强调“从某处掉了下来”，相当于fall down from。 When the little girl ran across the street, she fell down.当那个小女孩跑过街道时，她摔倒了。 He fell off the bike and broke his legs.他从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了腿。 6.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage 是动词，意为 “鼓励；激励”； sb.是宾语，指被鼓励的人； to do sth.是动词不定式，作宾语补足语，说明 “鼓励对方去做的具体事情”。 Teachers often encourage students to ask questions in class.老师经常鼓励学生在课堂上提问。 My parents encourage me to try new things.我的父母鼓励我尝试新事物。 7.follow in one’s footsteps 追随某人的脚步；效仿某人；继承某人的事业/精神 常用来表达传承、致敬，多用于正面语境（前辈、伟人、亲人）。 He decided to follow in his teacher’s footsteps​ and teach history.他决定追随老师的脚步，去教历史。 The girl plans to follow in her grandpa’s footsteps​ to help others.这个女孩打算继承爷爷的精神，去帮助他人。 【即学即练】 一．单项选择 1.She finally succeeded in _______ the job she had always wanted. A. gotten B. get C. getting D. got 2.He finished his dinner and then _______ his homework. A. continued doing B. continued to do C. continues doing D. continuing to do 3.We have explained it many times, but _______ he still doesn't understand. A. even now B. ever since C. even though D. as if 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 二．完成句子。 1. 她是一个无私的人，总是先想到别人。 She is a selfless person who always _____________________. 2. 这位老艺术家应该被后人怀着深深的敬意铭记。 This old artist should be __________________________ by future generations. 3. 政府计划把这个地区建设成科技中心。 The government plans to _____ this area _____ a technology center. 4. 我的父母总是鼓励我做我喜欢的事情。 My parents always __________________ what I love. 【答案】1.thinks of others first 2.remembered with great respect 3.build into 4.encourage me to do 一．选用方框中的短语填空 a promising nation， cannot be without heroes，come as a real shock，work from morning to night，develop something to help the local community 1. ____________________ cannot be without heroes. Heroes are the foundation of a promising country. 2. A promising country ____________________ and pioneers. They lead the way forward. 3. The story of the local hero might ____________________, but it is true. 4. Every day, he would ____________________, checking the rice plants. 5. She decided to ____________________ by creating a free reading corner for children. 【答案】1. A promising nation 2. cannot be without heroes 3. come as a real shock 4. work from morning to night 5. develop something to help the local community 二．根据项目提纲，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 我将向你们介绍一位真正的本地英雄，我们应该向他/她表示感谢。 I am going to __________ you to a true __________ hero to whom we should give our thanks. 2. 根据他的邻居说，他是一个从不放弃的人。 __________ to his neighbour, he is a person __________ never gives up. 3. 一天，他正在工作时，突然发生了一场火灾。 One day, he was __________ when a fire __________ happened. 4. 他发明了一台机器来帮助当地社区。 He __________ a machine to help the local __________. 5. 他的榜样继续鼓励人们追随他的脚步。 His __________ continues to __________ people to follow in his footsteps. 【答案】1. introduce; local 2. According; who 3. working; suddenly 4. invented; community 5. example; encourage 三．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Everyone admires heroes. When we are asked who are our heroes, someone well-known like Yang Liwei or Zhong Nanshan may come into our mind. However, there are “everyday” heroes in our daily life. They may not be so famous to the public, 1 these common people are also working hard to build a better world. Sun Jun is among them.​ Sun Jun comes from a poor 2 . The villagers used to have no enough food. He learned to save food at his 3 age. When he was a college student, he found that the problem of food waste was more and more serious.​ After graduating, Sun Jun joined a volunteer organization called Green Food Bank. The purpose of the organization is to build a 4 between people who are ready to help others and those who are in need. It 5 by collecting and providing free food for the poor, the disabled and so on.​ Sun’s team 6 a phone app. It can show how much food restaurants remain each day. They 7 go there to get the food for free. Then it can be given out in just a few hours.​ So far, Sun and his team have done 8 meaningful to the society. On the one hand, they’ve saved a lot of food. On the other hand, they’ve helped some people successfully.​ 9 does Sun do all these things? He says, “Thanks to Grandpa Yuan Longping, we are almost no longer short of food. We need to think about how to stop wasting. There’s a long way to go, but I won’t 10 halfway. It’s just the beginning. We still have much to do.” 1．A．or B．and C．so D．but​ 2．A．city B．school C．town D．village​ 3．A．old B．early C．late D．middle​ 4．A．wall B．house C．bridge D．road​ 5．A．works B．gives C．changes D．plays​ 6．A．taught B．refused C．broke D．developed​ 7．A．never B．usually C．seldom D．hardly​ 8．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything​ 9．A．How B．When C．Where D．Why​ 10．A．get up B．take up C．give up D．pick up 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了平民英雄孙军加入“绿色食物银行”志愿者组织，并带领团队开发软件，收集剩余食物帮助困难人群，减少浪费，致力于建设更美好世界的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他们可能对公众没那么出名，但这些普通人也在努力建设更好的世界。 根据“not so famous”与“working hard”之间存在语意转折，but符合逻辑，其他选项表选择、并列或因果，不合题意。 2．句意：孙军来自一个贫穷的村庄。 根据后句中“The villagers”，可知他来自村庄。villagers对应village，其他选项与villagers不对应。 3．句意：他在早年就学会了节约食物。 根据“learned to save food”及生活习惯养成的常识，可知是在年纪小的时候。early age表示早年，符合习惯养成逻辑。 4．句意：该组织的目的是在愿意帮助他人的人和需要帮助的人之间架起一座桥梁。 根据“build a ... between...and...”及组织连接双方的作用，可知是架起桥梁。bridge喻指连接纽带，其他选项无此比喻义。 5．句意：它的运作方式是为贫困人群、残障人士等收集并免费发放食物。 根据“by collecting and providing...”描述的是组织的工作方式，works表示机构运作，符合句意。 6．句意：孙的团队开发了一个手机应用程序。 根据“a phone app”，可知是开发软件。develop an app是固定搭配，意为“开发软件”。taught教、refused拒绝、broke打破，均不符合逻辑。 7．句意：他们通常去那里免费获取食物。 根据上文提到app显示食物剩余量及志愿者目的，可知是经常性动作。usually表示通常，符合志愿活动规律，其他选项表否定频率，不合逻辑。 8．句意：到目前为止，孙和他的团队已经做了一些对社会有意义的事情。 上文提到孙加入志愿者组织并开发软件提供帮助，结合“meaningful”，此处表示一些有意义的事，应填something。形容词修饰不定代词后置，something meaningful表示“有意义的事”，其他选项语义不符。 9．句意：孙为什么做这些事情？ 根据下文回答的内容“He says...”可知是询问原因。Why提问原因，其他选项提问方式、时间或地点，不符。 10．句意：还有很长的路要走，但我不会中途放弃。 根据“halfway”及“We still have much to do”，可知是不放弃。give up表示放弃，符合坚持到底的语意，其他选项不合逻辑。 四．阅读理解 Small, sweet and a little sandy when it melts in your mouth - in the childhood memories of many Chinese people, there is such a “sugar pill.” But it was never just a piece of candy. The story goes back to the 1950s. Polio (俗称“小儿麻痹症”) was spreading fast across China. The disease was very easy to get and mostly hurt young children. Many died, and those who lived often had health problems for life. In 1957, Gu Fangzhou, a 31-year-old scientist, was asked to make China’s own polio vaccine (疫苗). Other countries used two kinds: killed virus (safer but expensive) and weakened live virus (stronger protection and much cheaper, but less proven (经过验证或证实的) safety). Most Chinese families were poor, so Gu chose the riskier, cheaper way. After years of work, he and his team produced a live polio vaccine in 1960. Gu tested it on himself and his workmates, and it was safe. Then, to prove it was safe for children, he gave it to his own one-year-old son. His son stayed healthy. In 1962, Gu turned the liquid vaccine into a sugar pill. It was small, sweet, cheap, and could be kept at room temperature. Children loved it. Over the next thirty years, China gave this “sugar pill” to millions of children. In 2000, the WHO announced that polio had been wiped out in China. No more children get the disease. Gu was called “the father of China’s polio vaccine.” Gu passed away in 2019 at the age of 92. But the sweet little pill he made still protects children today. It is not just a candy. It is the taste of a hero’s love and courage. 1．When did Gu Fangzhou and his team produce the live polio vaccine? A．In 1957. B．In 1960. C．In 1962. D．In 2019. 2．What did Gu Fangzhou do to prove the vaccine was safe for children? A．He tested it on himself and his workmates. B．He gave it to his own one-year-old son. C．He asked other scientists to test it. D．He gave it to many sick children. 3．Which sentence uses “wipe out” with the same meaning as the underlined words? wipe out ① 擦掉  ② 消灭，彻底去除  ③ 使筋疲力尽 A．Please wipe out the blackboard before class. B．The long walk completely wiped out the little boy. C．Scientists hope to wipe out the disease one day. D．She used a cloth to wipe out the dirty bowl. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Childhood Sweet Memories. B．Gu Fangzhou and His Son. C．More Than a Sugar Pill. D．A Serious Disease. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了顾方舟研发脊髓灰质炎疫苗的故事。 【详解】1．根据文章第三段“After years of work, he and his team produced a live polio vaccine in 1960.”可知，在1960年，顾方舟和他的团队生产出了脊髓灰质炎活疫苗。 2．根据文章第三段“Then, to prove it was safe for children, he gave it to his own one-year-old son”可知，他把疫苗给自己一岁的儿子服用，以此证明疫苗对儿童安全。 3．文中“wiped out”所在句“ In 2000, the WHO announced that polio had been wiped out in China”意思是2000年，世界卫生组织宣布脊髓灰质炎在中国被消灭。C选项“Scientists hope to wipe out the disease one day”中“wipe out”是“消灭，彻底去除”的意思，与文中含义相同。 4．文章围绕顾方舟研发的“糖丸”展开，讲述了其研发背景、过程以及意义，强调它不仅仅是一颗糖丸，更是英雄的爱与勇气的象征。C选项“More Than a Sugar Pill”（不仅仅是一颗糖丸）既提到了糖丸，又突出了其背后英雄的爱与勇气等深层含义，符合文章主旨。 五．选词填空 请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两项为多余选项。 they    great    win    perfect    finish    proud know    hero    we    science    create    work Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully sent three astronauts into space. After 183 days of hard work in space, the three astronauts completed all space tasks 1 . And they returned to the earth safely and smoothly. It is one of the 2 moments in the long history of China’s space industry. This great space event caught the eye of the whole world and 3 high praise from people all over the world. During space travel, the three astronauts faced all kinds of unknown difficulties and hard challenges. Besides station maintenance (维护), they took part in 88 4 experiments covering biology, material science and medical research. They even grew sweet potatoes in orbit for the first time in China. We all sincerely admire 5 strong courage and calm attitude. Space exploration has always been a common dream of human beings. Many people hope 6 more about China’s space technology and space missions. With the progress of science and technology, China keeps moving forward on its space journey. In the future, more important space tasks 7 by professional space scientists and technical workers strictly to make sure every flight is safe and successful. For many years, plenty of unknown space workers 8 day and night without complaining. They devote their time and energy to space research and make efforts for China’s space dream. This meaningful space program also builds friendly bridges between China and other countries. As middle school students, we truly take 9 in our motherland’s amazing space achievements. We should learn the strong and persistent spirits from these space 10 , study hard every day and decide to realize our own beautiful dreams with practical actions in the future. 【答案】1．perfectly 2．greatest 3．won 4．scientific 5．their 6．to know 7．will be finished 8．have worked 9．pride 10．heroes 【导语】本文介绍神舟十九号航天员圆满完成太空任务顺利返航，讲述航天员在轨开展多项科学实验的事迹，赞美默默奉献的航天科研工作者，抒发我国学子为航天成就自豪、立志学习航天精神追梦奋进的情感。 【详解】1．句意：经过183天太空奋战，三名宇航员圆满地完成了全部太空任务。空格修饰动词completed，需用副词；perfect为形容词，副词形式perfectly，用来修饰动作“完成任务”。 2．句意：这是中国航天漫长发展史中最伟大的时刻之一。固定结构one of+the +形容词最高级+名词复数；great的最高级greatest，意为“最伟大的”，契合“高光航天时刻”语境。 3．句意：这一重大航天事件举世瞩目，收获了全球人民的高度赞扬。句子时态和caught保持一致，win praise为固定搭配“赢得赞誉”，win过去式won。 4．句意：除空间站维护外，他们参与了88项涵盖生物、材料、医学方向的科学实验。空格修饰名词experiments，science变为形容词scientific作定语，scientific experiments即科学实验。 5．句意：我们由衷敬佩他们的坚毅勇气与沉稳心态。空格后是名词短语，需形容词性物主代词；they变形their，指代三名航天员。 6．句意：很多人希望更多了解中国航天技术与航天任务。固定搭配hope to do sth，know about表示“了解”，因此填to know。 7．句意：未来，更多重要航天任务将会由专业航天科研人员严谨完成，保障每次飞行安全成功。in the future提示一般将来时，tasks和finish是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态will be finished。 8．句意：多年来，无数默默无闻的航天工作者日夜劳作、毫无怨言。For many years是现在完成时标志，主语workers是复数，work变形have worked，表示多年持续劳作。 9．句意：作为中学生，我们由衷为祖国卓越的航天成就感到自豪。固定短语take pride in，proud是形容词，名词形式pride填入空格。 10．句意：我们要向这些航天英雄学习坚韧执着的精神，每日勤学，未来用实干实现理想。these后接可数名词复数，hero复数heroes，指代全体航天科研人员与航天员。 六．短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Qingming Festival is an important day to Chinese people. We usually honor our ancestors by 1 (sweep) family graves (坟墓). However, 3,000 students from Guyuan city did something special. On the morning before this Qingming Festival, they 2 (start) a 54-km hike to Renshanhe Martyrs Cemetery (烈士陵园). The whole trip took about 17 hours. It has been 3 (tradition) since 1995. The route (路线) was 4 (connect) with historical events. In 1949, the People’s Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) fought its first battle in Ningxia, and over 300 martyrs were buried there. As China marks the 90th anniversary of the Long March (长征), these young students carry 5 (it) spirit forward. Along the way, students held the red flags high and sang red songs loudly. The long walk was hard, 6 they never gave up. When someone had trouble climbing up, the others gave a hand. It made them understand hardship and teamwork 7 (deep). This activity is more than a long walk. It is a journey that turns memory 8 action. It lets young people feel the martyrs’ spirit and cherish today’s 9 (peace) life. As the tradition continues, more will join to pass down respect for 10 (hero). This special class will keep inspiring teenagers to be grateful and responsible. 【答案】1．sweeping 2．started 3．traditional 4．connected 5．its 6．but 7．deeply 8．into 9．peaceful 10．heroes 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了固原市的学生在清明节前夕徒步54公里前往烈士陵园缅怀先烈的特殊活动，以及这一活动给青少年带来的深刻意义。 【详解】1．句意：我们通常通过扫墓来缅怀祖先。介词by后应接动词的-ing形式作宾语，故填sweeping。 2．句意：在今年清明节前的一个早晨，他们开始了一场前往任山河烈士陵园的54公里徒步。根据时间状语“On the morning before this Qingming Festival”可知，该动作发生在过去，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故填started。 3．句意：自1995年以来，这已经成为一项传统。be 动词后用形容词作表语，tradition变为traditional，故填traditional。 4．句意：这条路线与历史事件相连。be connected with是固定搭配，意为“与……有关/相连”，此处用过去分词与was构成被动语态（或系表结构），故填connected。 5．句意：随着中国纪念长征90周年，这些年轻的学生将它的精神发扬光大。设空处修饰名词spirit，应用形容词性物主代词，指代前文的Long March（长征），故填its。 6．句意：长途跋涉很艰难，但他们从不放弃。前半句表示“艰难”，后半句表示“不放弃”，前后句意为转折关系，应用转折连词，故填but。 7．句意：这让他们更深刻地理解了艰难困苦和团队合作。设空处修饰动词understand，应用副词形式，故填deeply。 8．句意：这是一次将记忆转化为行动的旅程。turn... into...是固定搭配，意为“把……变成/转化为……”，故填into。 9．句意：它让年轻人感受到烈士的精神，并珍惜今天和平的生活。设空处修饰名词life，应用形容词形式作定语，故填peaceful。 10．句意：随着传统的延续，更多的人将加入进来，传承对英雄的敬意。hero为可数名词，此处泛指“英雄们”，且前面无限定词，应用复数形式，故填heroes。 七．任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 When talking about “good people”, who first comes to your mind? Many Chinese might think of Lei Feng. In China, Lei Feng is a symbol of the giving spirit. People who act selflessly are sometimes talked about as “living Lei Feng”. Born to a rural family in Hunan in 1940, Lei grew up poor. He became a soldier in 1960. But just two years later, the young man died. During his short life, he did not fight in any wars, nor did he achieve any world-changing achievements. But he has been remembered as a national hero. Lei devoted (奉献) all his life to helping others. He carried luggage (行李) for the elderly and gave food to children. He once gave all the money he had to the sick parents of a friend. He often helped his fellow soldiers and taught them how to read. Lei is not a “Superman”, but a role model for every person. Being kind to others is something that everyone should try to do. According to Chairman Mao Zedong, Lei served the people whole-heartedly throughout his life. On March 5,1963, Chairman Mao wrote in an article that people should “Learn from Comrade Lei Feng”. Later, March 5 became  “Lei Feng Day”. 1．What do we often call a person who helps others? 2．How old was Lei Feng when he died? 3．Did Lei Feng achieve world-changing achievements? 4．What did Chairman Mao ask people to do? 5．When is “Lei Feng Day”? 【答案】1．Living Lei Feng. 2．He was 22/Twenty-two years old. 3．No, he didn’t. 4．He asked people to learn from Comrade Lei Feng. 5．It’s on March 5. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了雷锋的生平事迹、奉献精神，以及 “学雷锋日” 的由来。 1．根据原文第一段“People who act selflessly are sometimes talked about as ‘living Lei Feng’.”可知，我们常把乐于助人、无私奉献的人称为“活雷锋”。 2．根据原文第二段“Born to a rural family in Hunan in 1940... He became a soldier in 1960. But just two years later, the young man died.”可知，雷锋1940年出生，1962年去世，去世时22岁。 3．根据原文第三段“During his short life, he did not fight in any wars, nor did he achieve any world-changing achievements.”可知，雷锋并没有取得改变世界的成就，故作否定回答。 4．根据原文最后一段“On March 5, 1963, Chairman Mao wrote in an article that people should ‘Learn from Comrade Lei Feng’.”可知，毛主席号召大家向雷锋同志学习。 5．根据原文最后一段“Later, March 5 became ‘Lei Feng Day’.”可知，学雷锋日是3月5日。 $第07讲 Unit 4 Heroes （课文知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 Unit 4 Heroes单词及课文学习 学习重点 Unit 4 Heroes知识解析学习 考点一 Unit 4 Heroes课文解读1 Understanding ideas 课文重点词汇1 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.fearless adj.无畏的，不怕的 2.bravely adv. 勇敢地，无畏地 3.footstep n.足迹 4.northeast n. 东北,东北方向 5.gentle adj.温和的，温柔的 6.fighter n.斗士，奋斗者 7.death n.死，死亡 8.pity n.可惜，遗憾 9.war n.战争 10.fixed adj.固定的;不变的 11.unchanging adj.不变的，恒定的 课文对译解读1 What was she like? 原文： As a little girl, I was often told "Your grandmother Zhao Yiman was a hero". However, to me, she was just an old picture on the wall. She died long before I was born. So, I never got to know her. As a teenager, I started asking questions about her. According to my great-aunt, Grandma was someone who never gave up. And she was also a person who always thought of others first. My teacher said that Grandma was a fearless soldier who bravely died for China. Years later, I followed her footsteps across China. She fought in many places. I saw Yiman Street, Yiman Park, and Yiman Primary School. People remember her with great respect. After I became a mother myself, I had more questions. How could a mother who loved her young son leave him behind? In the letter that Grandma wrote to my father before her death, I found the answer. The paper has yellowed over time, but its message is as clear as ever. Between the lines, there is not only the love of a gentle mother. There is also the courage of a brave fighter. As I read it, tears quietly filled my eyes. For the first time, I saw Grandma as a real person. Now she is not just a picture or a name. 翻译： 她是一个怎样的人？ 小时候，我经常听人家说：“你的奶奶赵一曼是一位英雄。”然而，对我来说，她只是墙上的一张旧照片。她在我出生之前很久就去世了。所以，我从未有机会认识她。 十几岁时，我开始询问关于她的事情。据我姨婆所说，奶奶是一个从不放弃的人。她也是一个总是先想到别人的人。我的老师说，奶奶是一位无畏的战士，为中国英勇牺牲了。 多年后，我追随她的足迹走遍了中国。她战斗过很多地方。我看到了一曼街、一曼公园和一曼小学。人们怀着极大的敬意纪念她。 在我自己成为母亲之后，我有了更多疑问。一个深爱幼子的母亲怎么能舍他而去呢？在奶奶临终前写给我父亲的信中，我找到了答案。信纸已经泛黄，但其中的信息却一如既往地清晰。字里行间不仅仅体现了一位温柔母亲的爱，还有一位无畏战士的勇气。读着读着，泪水悄然充满了我的眼眶。第一次，我把奶奶看作一个真实的人。现在，她不再只是一张照片或一个名字。 2 August 1936 Ning'er, It's a pity that I can't complete my duty. As a mother, I should bring you up. But for the victory of our country, I have to give up my life today. I can't see you again. I just hope that you can grow up healthy. I'll always be happy to know that. My dearest boy, I won't be able to teach you through my words. I can only teach you through my actions. When you grow up, never forget that I died for our country. Your mother, Zhao Yiman 信件的翻译： 1936年8月2日 宁儿： 很遗憾我不能完成我的责任。作为一个母亲，我应该把你养大成人。但为了我们国家的胜利，我今天不得不牺牲自己的生命。 我再也见不到你了。我只希望你能健康成长。知道这一点，我会永远开心。 我最亲爱的孩子，我无法用言语教导你。我只能用我的行动来教导你。 当你长大成人，永远不要忘记，我是为了我们的国家而牺牲的。 你的母亲，赵一曼 考点二 课文知识解析1 1.think of sb. first 优先考虑某人；先想到某人 think of​ 是固定短语，of 是介词，后面接名词或代词宾格。近义表达： put sb. first 把某人放在第一位 The teacher thought of her students first during the fire drill.在消防演练中，老师首先想到了她的学生。 Kind people often think of those in need first.善良的人常常会先想到那些有需要的人。 Even when she was tired, she still thought of her family first.即使很累，她仍然先考虑到家人。 2.remember sb. with great respect怀着深深的敬意铭记某人 with great respect：是介词短语作方式状语。 其中 respect此处为不可数名词，意为“尊敬、敬意”；great用来强化程度，也可替换为 deep / much / high等形容词。 Students remember the old teacher with great respect. 学生们怀着深深的敬意铭记那位老教师。 They remember the kind doctor with great respect.他们怀着深深的敬意铭记那位善良的医生。 3.death的用法 用法分析 death n.死；死亡，在句中做主语或宾语。 她没能摆脱失去丈夫的痛苦。She can’t get over her husband’s death. 考点辨析 die, dead, dying, death die 做动词，意为“死；死亡”，指因生病、年老、负伤等原因而死，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 dead 做形容词，意为“死的；无生命的”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表达“死了多长时间”用“have/has been dead for+时间段”或“died+时间段+ago”。 dying die的现在分词，做定语或表语，意为“垂死的；要死的”。 death 做名词，意为“死；死亡”，在句中做主语或宾语。 It is reported that five people died in the traffic accident.据报道，有5人死于那次交通事故。 His father has been dead for ten years.=His father died ten years ago.他父亲已经去世十年了。 This is a dying bird.这是一只快死的鸟。 The death of her mother was sudden.她母亲的死很突然。 His grandmother ______ for 6 years. And he still misses her very much. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died 4. give up的用法 用法分析 give up意为“放弃”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，接代词做宾语时，要把代词放在give和up之间。 这个问题太难。我要放弃它。This question is too difficult. I shall give it up. 考点拓展 由“动词+up”构成的常见短语 put up举起，张贴 dress up穿上（盛装） set up设立，建起 get up起床 stay up熬夜 lookup查阅，向上看 wake up叫醒，醒来 pick up捡起 take up占据，开始做 show up出现，露面 grow up长大 cheer up振作起来 Everyone should ______ litter whenever he sees it on the playground. A. give up B. mix up C. pick up D. use up 5.follow的用法 用法分析 follow做动词，意为“服从；跟随；领会；听懂；听从”。 三只小鸭子正跟着它们的妈妈。Three little ducks are following their mom. 考点拓展 following做形容词，意为“下面的；其次的，接着的”。 Please answer the following questions.请回答下面的问题。 固定搭配 follow sb.to do sth.跟着某人做某事；follow the rules遵循、遵守规则；follow after追求，模仿；follow the example of以……为榜样。 For our safety, we must follow the traffic rules on he way to school.为了我们的安全，在上学的路上我们必须遵守交通规则。 I’m afraid I didn’t ______ you. Could you repeat your words？ A. believe B. follow C. please D. satisfy 考点三 Unit 4 Heroes 课文解读2 Reading for writing 课文重点词汇2 1.dreamer n.做梦的人 2.burning adj.火热的;灼热的 3.countless adj.无数的,数不尽的 4.president n. 国家主席;总统 5.republic n. 共和国 6.productive adj.多产的 7.type n.类型，种类 8.soil n.土壤，土地，泥土 9.socialist adj. 社会主义的 课文对译解读2 The dreamer of plenty Under the burning sun, an elderly man moved slowly through a sea of green rice.He picked an ear of rice, checked it with an expert eye, and moved on. It was just another day for him. He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. No one could imagine what this farmer had done the day before. President XiJinping had presented him with the Medal of the Republic. His name was Yuan Longping. Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930. In his youth, he was sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. After leaving college in 1953, Yuan spent nearly 70 years solving this problem. He believed deeply that "food is the most important thing in the world". He dreamed of developing more productive rice plants. However, it was easier said than done. Over3,000 of his experiments failed. "Failure is very common in scientific research," he once said. "Every time I fall down, I'll get up and try again." He travelled around China to realise his dream. He said, "I never stopped,like a bird going after the warmth of the sun." Finally, he succeeded in developing new types of rice plants. One produced 30%more rice than normal plants. Another could grow in the poor soils which cover large areas of China. But Yuan didn't stop there. He had an even greater dream: a rice plant that would feed the whole world. Later, age made it more difficult for him to work. Yuan just moved his house next to the rice fields! Yuan passed away in 2021, but his dreams live on. His rice is grown around China and in about 60 other countries. His lifelong efforts have helped to feed 80 million more people a year. Yuan is remembered as a national hero for helping build China into a modern socialist country. His example continues to encourage people to follow in his footsteps. 烈日下，一位老者缓缓穿过一片翠绿的稻田。他摘下一穗稻谷，用专业的眼光仔细检查后继续前行——对他而言，这只是平凡的一天。他从早到晚辛勤工作，逐一检查着无数稻株。无人能想象这位农民前一天究竟完成了怎样的辛劳。习近平主席曾授予他“共和国勋章”。他的名字叫袁隆平。 袁于1930年出生于北京。青年时期，他深感痛心地发现许多中国人正遭受饥饿之苦。1953年大学毕业后，袁便投入近70年的时间致力于解决这一问题。 他深信“食物是世界上最重要的东西”。他梦想培育出更高产的水稻品种。 然而，说起来容易做起来难。他的实验中有超过3000次以失败告终。“失败在科学研究中非常普遍，”他曾这样说道，“每次失败后，我都会重新站起来尝试。”为实现梦想，他走遍了中国各地。他表示：“我从未停下脚步，就像一只追逐阳光温暖的鸟儿。”最终，他成功培育出了新型水稻品种：其中一种产量比普通水稻高出30%；另一种则能在覆盖中国广大地区的贫瘠土壤中生长。 但袁先生并未止步于此。他怀揣着更为宏大的梦想：培育一种能够养活全球人口的水稻品种。后来，年事渐高使他工作愈发困难，于是袁先生干脆将住所迁至稻田旁！袁先生于2021年逝世，但他的梦想永存不朽——他的水稻品种如今在中国及全球约60个国家广泛种植。他毕生的努力每年为全球额外8000万人提供粮食保障。袁先生被誉为助力中国建设现代化社会主义国家的民族英雄，其精神楷模至今仍激励着人们追随他的足迹。 考点四 课文知识解析2 1.successful的用法 用法分析 successful是形容词，意为“成功的；有成就的”，做表语或定语。 她是一位非常成功的母亲。She is a very successful mother. 巧学助记success n.成功十后缀-ful→successful adj.成功的+后缀-ly→successfully adv成功地（用于修饰动词）。success n.成功（去ss）+ed→succeed v成功。 Her first success encouraged her to work even harder.她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作。 He finished the work successfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。 He succeeded in passing the exam他成功地通过了考试。 固定搭配 succeed in （doing）sth.=be successful in（doing）sth.=have success in（doing）sth.表示“成功地做某事”。 He succeeded in solving the problem. =He was successful in solving the problem. =He had success in solving the problem.他成功地解决了这个问题。 用所给词的适当形式填空 With great courage and effort, Liu Chuanjian, a national hero, successfully（success）landed the plane, saving over 100 people. 2.be remembered as... 作为……被铭记 / 被尊奉为…… 强调某人因为自身的成就、品质或历史定位，被赋予的特定称谓或地位。 as是介词，后面接表示身份、称号、性质的名词（如 a hero 英雄, a great leader 伟大的领袖）。 Dr. Sun Yat-sen is remembered as a national hero for leading the revolution.孙中山先生因领导革命，被尊奉为民族英雄。 Lu Xun is remembered as a famous writer.鲁迅作为一位著名作家被铭记。 He is remembered as a great leader.他被尊奉为一位伟大的领袖。 3.build...into... 把……建设/发展成…… 及物短语动词，build在此引申为“建设、发展、造就”，into引出最终成为的状态或结果。 结构：build + 对象(国家/城市/组织等)+ into + 目标形态(现代化国家/大都市/强队等)。 We plan to build​ our town into a modern city.我们计划把我们的城镇建设成一个现代化城市。 The government tries to build​ the village into a tourist spot.政府努力把这个村子发展成一个旅游景点。 4.continue to do sth. 继续做某事 continue to do sth.强调 “动作转换” 或 “中断后继续”（可接不同动作）。 continue doing sth.强调 “持续做同一件事，未中断”。 continue 也可作系动词，后接形容词或名词，表示 “保持某种状态”。 He continued to write after a coffee break.他休息后继续写作。 He continued writing without a break.他一直写作，未中断。 They have continued to support the project for years.他们多年来持续支持该项目。 The weather continued cold.天气持续寒冷。 5.fall down的用法 用法分析 fall down在本句中意为“摔倒”，该短语为“动词+副词”结构，为不及物动词短语，不能直接跟宾语。fall down from意为“从…….摔下”。 老妇人摔倒了，摔断了腿。The old lady fell down and broke her leg. 考点辨析 fall down, fall off fall down 意为“倒下”，强调“在平面摔倒；倒下”。 fall of 意为“跌落”，强调“从某处掉了下来”，相当于fall down from。 When the little girl ran across the street, she fell down.当那个小女孩跑过街道时，她摔倒了。 He fell off the bike and broke his legs.他从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了腿。 6.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage 是动词，意为 “鼓励；激励”； sb.是宾语，指被鼓励的人； to do sth.是动词不定式，作宾语补足语，说明 “鼓励对方去做的具体事情”。 Teachers often encourage students to ask questions in class.老师经常鼓励学生在课堂上提问。 My parents encourage me to try new things.我的父母鼓励我尝试新事物。 7.follow in one’s footsteps 追随某人的脚步；效仿某人；继承某人的事业/精神 常用来表达传承、致敬，多用于正面语境（前辈、伟人、亲人）。 He decided to follow in his teacher’s footsteps​ and teach history.他决定追随老师的脚步，去教历史。 The girl plans to follow in her grandpa’s footsteps​ to help others.这个女孩打算继承爷爷的精神，去帮助他人。 【即学即练】 一．单项选择 1.She finally succeeded in _______ the job she had always wanted. A. gotten B. get C. getting D. got 2.He finished his dinner and then _______ his homework. A. continued doing B. continued to do C. continues doing D. continuing to do 3.We have explained it many times, but _______ he still doesn't understand. A. even now B. ever since C. even though D. as if 二．完成句子。 1. 她是一个无私的人，总是先想到别人。 She is a selfless person who always _____________________. 2. 这位老艺术家应该被后人怀着深深的敬意铭记。 This old artist should be __________________________ by future generations. 3. 政府计划把这个地区建设成科技中心。 The government plans to _____ this area _____ a technology center. 4. 我的父母总是鼓励我做我喜欢的事情。 My parents always __________________ what I love. 一．选用方框中的短语填空 a promising nation， cannot be without heroes，come as a real shock，work from morning to night，develop something to help the local community 1. ____________________ cannot be without heroes. Heroes are the foundation of a promising country. 2. A promising country ____________________ and pioneers. They lead the way forward. 3. The story of the local hero might ____________________, but it is true. 4. Every day, he would ____________________, checking the rice plants. 5. She decided to ____________________ by creating a free reading corner for children. 二．根据项目提纲，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 我将向你们介绍一位真正的本地英雄，我们应该向他/她表示感谢。 I am going to __________ you to a true __________ hero to whom we should give our thanks. 2. 根据他的邻居说，他是一个从不放弃的人。 __________ to his neighbour, he is a person __________ never gives up. 3. 一天，他正在工作时，突然发生了一场火灾。 One day, he was __________ when a fire __________ happened. 4. 他发明了一台机器来帮助当地社区。 He __________ a machine to help the local __________. 5. 他的榜样继续鼓励人们追随他的脚步。 His __________ continues to __________ people to follow in his footsteps. 三．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Everyone admires heroes. When we are asked who are our heroes, someone well-known like Yang Liwei or Zhong Nanshan may come into our mind. However, there are “everyday” heroes in our daily life. They may not be so famous to the public, 1 these common people are also working hard to build a better world. Sun Jun is among them.​ Sun Jun comes from a poor 2 . The villagers used to have no enough food. He learned to save food at his 3 age. When he was a college student, he found that the problem of food waste was more and more serious.​ After graduating, Sun Jun joined a volunteer organization called Green Food Bank. The purpose of the organization is to build a 4 between people who are ready to help others and those who are in need. It 5 by collecting and providing free food for the poor, the disabled and so on.​ Sun’s team 6 a phone app. It can show how much food restaurants remain each day. They 7 go there to get the food for free. Then it can be given out in just a few hours.​ So far, Sun and his team have done 8 meaningful to the society. On the one hand, they’ve saved a lot of food. On the other hand, they’ve helped some people successfully.​ 9 does Sun do all these things? He says, “Thanks to Grandpa Yuan Longping, we are almost no longer short of food. We need to think about how to stop wasting. There’s a long way to go, but I won’t 10 halfway. It’s just the beginning. We still have much to do.” 1．A．or B．and C．so D．but​ 2．A．city B．school C．town D．village​ 3．A．old B．early C．late D．middle​ 4．A．wall B．house C．bridge D．road​ 5．A．works B．gives C．changes D．plays​ 6．A．taught B．refused C．broke D．developed​ 7．A．never B．usually C．seldom D．hardly​ 8．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything​ 9．A．How B．When C．Where D．Why​ 10．A．get up B．take up C．give up D．pick up 四．阅读理解 Small, sweet and a little sandy when it melts in your mouth - in the childhood memories of many Chinese people, there is such a “sugar pill.” But it was never just a piece of candy. The story goes back to the 1950s. Polio (俗称“小儿麻痹症”) was spreading fast across China. The disease was very easy to get and mostly hurt young children. Many died, and those who lived often had health problems for life. In 1957, Gu Fangzhou, a 31-year-old scientist, was asked to make China’s own polio vaccine (疫苗). Other countries used two kinds: killed virus (safer but expensive) and weakened live virus (stronger protection and much cheaper, but less proven (经过验证或证实的) safety). Most Chinese families were poor, so Gu chose the riskier, cheaper way. After years of work, he and his team produced a live polio vaccine in 1960. Gu tested it on himself and his workmates, and it was safe. Then, to prove it was safe for children, he gave it to his own one-year-old son. His son stayed healthy. In 1962, Gu turned the liquid vaccine into a sugar pill. It was small, sweet, cheap, and could be kept at room temperature. Children loved it. Over the next thirty years, China gave this “sugar pill” to millions of children. In 2000, the WHO announced that polio had been wiped out in China. No more children get the disease. Gu was called “the father of China’s polio vaccine.” Gu passed away in 2019 at the age of 92. But the sweet little pill he made still protects children today. It is not just a candy. It is the taste of a hero’s love and courage. 1．When did Gu Fangzhou and his team produce the live polio vaccine? A．In 1957. B．In 1960. C．In 1962. D．In 2019. 2．What did Gu Fangzhou do to prove the vaccine was safe for children? A．He tested it on himself and his workmates. B．He gave it to his own one-year-old son. C．He asked other scientists to test it. D．He gave it to many sick children. 3．Which sentence uses “wipe out” with the same meaning as the underlined words? wipe out ① 擦掉  ② 消灭，彻底去除  ③ 使筋疲力尽 A．Please wipe out the blackboard before class. B．The long walk completely wiped out the little boy. C．Scientists hope to wipe out the disease one day. D．She used a cloth to wipe out the dirty bowl. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Childhood Sweet Memories. B．Gu Fangzhou and His Son. C．More Than a Sugar Pill. D．A Serious Disease. 五．选词填空 请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两项为多余选项。 they    great    win    perfect    finish    proud know    hero    we    science    create    work Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully sent three astronauts into space. After 183 days of hard work in space, the three astronauts completed all space tasks 1 . And they returned to the earth safely and smoothly. It is one of the 2 moments in the long history of China’s space industry. This great space event caught the eye of the whole world and 3 high praise from people all over the world. During space travel, the three astronauts faced all kinds of unknown difficulties and hard challenges. Besides station maintenance (维护), they took part in 88 4 experiments covering biology, material science and medical research. They even grew sweet potatoes in orbit for the first time in China. We all sincerely admire 5 strong courage and calm attitude. Space exploration has always been a common dream of human beings. Many people hope 6 more about China’s space technology and space missions. With the progress of science and technology, China keeps moving forward on its space journey. In the future, more important space tasks 7 by professional space scientists and technical workers strictly to make sure every flight is safe and successful. For many years, plenty of unknown space workers 8 day and night without complaining. They devote their time and energy to space research and make efforts for China’s space dream. This meaningful space program also builds friendly bridges between China and other countries. As middle school students, we truly take 9 in our motherland’s amazing space achievements. We should learn the strong and persistent spirits from these space 10 , study hard every day and decide to realize our own beautiful dreams with practical actions in the future. 六．短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Qingming Festival is an important day to Chinese people. We usually honor our ancestors by 1 (sweep) family graves (坟墓). However, 3,000 students from Guyuan city did something special. On the morning before this Qingming Festival, they 2 (start) a 54-km hike to Renshanhe Martyrs Cemetery (烈士陵园). The whole trip took about 17 hours. It has been 3 (tradition) since 1995. The route (路线) was 4 (connect) with historical events. In 1949, the People’s Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) fought its first battle in Ningxia, and over 300 martyrs were buried there. As China marks the 90th anniversary of the Long March (长征), these young students carry 5 (it) spirit forward. Along the way, students held the red flags high and sang red songs loudly. The long walk was hard, 6 they never gave up. When someone had trouble climbing up, the others gave a hand. It made them understand hardship and teamwork 7 (deep). This activity is more than a long walk. It is a journey that turns memory 8 action. It lets young people feel the martyrs’ spirit and cherish today’s 9 (peace) life. As the tradition continues, more will join to pass down respect for 10 (hero). This special class will keep inspiring teenagers to be grateful and responsible. 七．任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 When talking about “good people”, who first comes to your mind? Many Chinese might think of Lei Feng. In China, Lei Feng is a symbol of the giving spirit. People who act selflessly are sometimes talked about as “living Lei Feng”. Born to a rural family in Hunan in 1940, Lei grew up poor. He became a soldier in 1960. But just two years later, the young man died. During his short life, he did not fight in any wars, nor did he achieve any world-changing achievements. But he has been remembered as a national hero. Lei devoted (奉献) all his life to helping others. He carried luggage (行李) for the elderly and gave food to children. He once gave all the money he had to the sick parents of a friend. He often helped his fellow soldiers and taught them how to read. Lei is not a “Superman”, but a role model for every person. Being kind to others is something that everyone should try to do. According to Chairman Mao Zedong, Lei served the people whole-heartedly throughout his life. On March 5,1963, Chairman Mao wrote in an article that people should “Learn from Comrade Lei Feng”. Later, March 5 became  “Lei Feng Day”. 1．What do we often call a person who helps others? 2．How old was Lei Feng when he died? 3．Did Lei Feng achieve world-changing achievements? 4．What did Chairman Mao ask people to do? 5．When is “Lei Feng Day”? $