专题 12 -状语从句-备战高考英语一轮复习语法冲刺宝典

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦状语从句专题，覆盖时间、地点、让步等九大类型，按功能逻辑分层梳理连词用法、例句解析及高考易错点，通过课前检测诊断、课中考点精讲、过关检测强化、分层练习巩固的教学流程，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破语法难点。 资料以“讲练结合+素养提升”为特色，如时间状语从句通过对比when/while/as的用法表格及语境例句，培养学生思维品质；设置基础、巩固、拔高三级练习，配合即时反馈，提升语言能力和学习效率。为教师提供清晰复习路径，助力精准把控节奏，有效提升学生应考能力。

专题 12 状语从句专题--备战2027年高考英语一轮语法冲刺 状语从句 状语从句在句中作状语。状语从句位于主句之前时,常用逗号隔开;位于主句之后时,一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步等状语从句。 【课前检测】（8minus) 语法填空 1． you decide to do, I will support you unconditionally. 2．Please keep an eye on my bag I am away. 3． (consider) that the task is difficult, they completed it ahead of time. 4． you warm up properly before running, you might injure your muscles or joints. 5．Hardly we (start) the low-carbon transportation promotion activity when dozens of residents (come) to ask for environmental leaflets. 6．Scarcely had we sat down the movie started. 7．I told him to come back he wanted to. 8．I have made rapid progress in English my parents are proud of me. 9．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. 10．The use of several avatars can also be a risk, people can use avatars to cheat others. 11．The mountains look so grand all visitors are deeply impressed. 12．My eyes were glued to the little screen I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night. 13．By the time the girl finally left, Tom was still so (annoy) that he had to take a 5-minute break before he could get back to his essay. 14．The government has been trying to tackle the problem it arose. 15．I had been so focused on keeping the party under control I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 16．Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science that you can explore the field of agriculture. 17．It’s good, you know, as long there’s a balance, there’s a bit of this, a bit of that. 18． difficulties we face, we’ll never give up. 19．The researcher chose to study the I Ching that its wisdom could strengthen the theoretical foundation of the scholar from the university. 20． you practice speaking English every day, you’ll make great progress. 课中讲解 高考常考点 1． 时间状语从句 1. when, while, as 连词 词义 用法 when 当.....时候 从句谓语动词可以时延续的页可以时非延续的 从句动作可先于主句动作，页可以和主句动作同时发生 while 当.....时候 从句谓语动词时延续性动词 侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比 as 一边......一边；随着 从句谓语动词时延续性动词 表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。 When the film ended,the people went back.电影一结束,人们便回去了。 Please don't talk so loud while others are working.别人在工作时请别那么大声谈话。 As time goes on ,it's getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。 注意 如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时 when,while与as可互换使用。 When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine. 当我沿着街道走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。 【过关检测】用when，while，as 填空 ①____I was waiting at the bus stop,I noticed a police car in front of the store. ②John arrived,I was cooking lunch. ③he grew older ,he lost interest in everything except gardening 2. before, after, since before 翻译为:“在…之前”before 从句往往带有否定的含义。 如: We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it(2015天津) You can't borrow books from the school library before you get your student card. There is only one more day to go before your favorite music group play live. after 翻译为:“在…之后”如: Let's play football after school is over. The sun came out soon after the storm stopped. since自从……。 since从句谓语动词一 般用一般过去时，主句谓语动词常用现在完成时或 现在完成进行时 I have written home four times since came here. 自从我来到这儿,我已经给家里写过四封信了。 用于“It is+一段时间+since从句”句型中 It is three years since the war broke out.(从句谓语为终止性动词)自战争爆发以来已有三年了。 【过关检测】 1).As is reported, it is more than 100 years_______ Tsinghua University was founded. 2). I have heard a lot of good things about you________ I came back from abroad. 3.till,until until,till 用于肯定句时 翻译为:“直到直到…为止”主句必须为持续性动词。如 If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait it coming out on DVD(2017上海) not…until 翻译为:“直到…才…” 主句通常要用短暂性动词。如: I didn't leave until she came back. People do not know the value of their health till / until they lose it 4.as soon as as soon as..翻译为:"一…就…”用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。 As soon as he comes back,I'll tell him when you will come and see him. 注意1:immediately,instantly,directly 相当于as soon as. 如: They phoned her immediately they reached home. 注意 2:the moment,the minute,the instant,the second 这几个名词短语也可用作连词 直接引导时间状语从句 翻译为:“-…就…”。如: ---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed to her? (2017北京春) ---Yes, I gave it to her the moment I saw her. The moment the 28th Olympic Games were declared open, the whole world cheered.(2016福建) 5.once once 作连词时 翻译为:一旦”。如: Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. (2016江苏) hardly(scarcely)..when/before.., no sooner.than…翻译为:“刚…就…”可以互换主句通常用过去完成时。如: The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.(2019辽宁) 6.every+时间词，the+时间词。如: I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. He left Europe the year World War II broke out. 7. by the time by the time 也可以引导时间状语从句 翻译为:“到……时为止” 主句一般要用完成时态。如: By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting. By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself 【过关检测】(3mins) 单句填空 1.________I went to sleep, I browsed through news websites and checked my emails. 2._______ something goes wrong, the New Zealand people are more likely to give people a second chance so that they can prove themselves or show that things can be done differently 3.Legend has it that he was turned down 1,009 times _______his chicken was finally accepted. 4.It has been two years_________we hired a cleaning lady and for some reason my husband has become very demanding toward her. 5.Colonel Harland Sanders didn't open his first KFC restaurant________he was 62, while Fauja Singh ran his first marathon at 89. 6._________you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry. 7. ________ you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. 8. In my opinion, ________ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly. 9. __________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 10. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently ______ the oil was hot. 11. One afternoon ________ I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 12. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out. 13. Over time，____________the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 2、 地点状语从句 连词 词义 从句位置 例句 Where wherever ....的地方 指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后;表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。 You are free to go wherever you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【过关检测】 1).After the war,a new school building was put up______ there had once been a theatre. 2).I have kept the portrait ________I can see it every day,as it always reminds me of my university days in London. 3）Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 三．让步状语从句 让步状语从句由while, +ever no matter,although/though,even if,even though ,as,whether(or not)等词引导。 1.although,though 翻译为:“虽然尽管”。如 Mr.Hall understands that although math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students 注意:although,though不能与but连用，但是可以与yet,still,nevertheless 连用。 如 Although he has limited technical knowledge,(yet/still/nevertheless) the old worker has a lot of experience. 2.even if,even though 这两个词语气比 though,although强，翻译为:“即使”两者可以通用。如: Allow children the space to voice their opinions, even if they are different from your own 3.while可引导让步状语从句，放在句首，相当于although，翻译为:“尽管”。如: While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. 4. no matter(who,what,where,when,etc.)如: One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full one’s schedule is in life 5.however, whatever,whenever,wherever这些词在意思上和用法上相当于no matter how/what/when/where 用法如: This is a very interesting book.Ill buy it, however much it may cost.(2016陕西) No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it 's better to remain silent. (2012浙江) 6.whether…or (not).. 译为:“不管…还是…”如: Anyone.whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally respected.(2018福建) 7. as 连词as 翻译为“尽管”也可以引导让步状语从句但从句中要用特殊语序。 如: Young as he is, he knows a lot. 正常语序句子Although/Though he is young,he knows a lot.) Cold as it is, the children play outdoors. 正常语序句子Although/Though it is cold the children play outdoors. 【过关检测】 1).It was ________a nice meal,a little expensive. 2).______________________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. 3). We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school. 4). ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. 四．条件状语从句 连词 词义 例句 if 如果 You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you don't study hard).除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。 As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.你只要不灰心就会成功。 In case there is a fire,what will we do first?万一发生火灾,我们首先做什么? Suppose/Supposing(that) they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝我们，我们还能求助于谁? unless 除非 So/as long as 只要 In case 万一 On condition that 条件是 Suppose/supposing(that) 假设，如果 Provided that 如果 【过关检测】 1).________our manager objects to Tom's joining the club,we shall accept him as a member. 2).You may use the room as you like_________long as you clean it up afterwards. 3）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support. 4）_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 5）_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 6）_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 五．目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有sothat,in order that,for fear(that),lest 等从句中常常使用一些情态动词 如can,could,may,might,should 等. 1.so that, in order that表示“为了...以便…”-般放在主句之后。如: Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family(2014浙江) 2.lest, for fear that 表示“万一.惟恐”含有否定的意义。 如: Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 【过关检测】(5mins) 1.John shut everybody out of the kitchen__________he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. 2.Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report_________her boss could read it first next morning 3.Roses need special care_________they can live through winter. 4.The police officers in our city work hard_______ the rest of us can live a safe life.(2017上海) 六．原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的有because,since,as,now that,in that, seeing that,considering(that), for 等。 1.because 译为:因为”。如: The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife(2018辽宁) 2.since 译为:因为既然”。引导的从句大多置于句首主从句时态一般相同。 如: Since people are fond of humor, it is as well in conversation as anywhere else. 3.as 译为:由于因为一般多用于句首。如: Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, as this was a memory she especially treasured.(2016广东) 4.now that 译为:既然、因为”如: We needn’t have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner. 5.in that 译为:因为” 相当于 because 6.considering that,seeing that这两个词和since,now that 意思相近 翻译为:“鉴于…事实 考虑到…”。如: Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off . Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job 7.for表示推断的理由，是对前面分句的内容加以解释成说明。 如 It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning 【过关检测】(2mins) 1).I did it____________he had told me to. 2).We thought that,__________we were in the area, we'd stop by and visit them. 3） Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. 七．结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有:so that,so...that,such...that 等。 1)so that 译为:结果…如: The room was packed with people, so that we couldn't get in. so that (从句常用运号与主句隔开) 2.so...that 译为:如此…以致于… 如: The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 3.such…that… 翻译为:如此…以致… 如: Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much. 【过关检测】(lmins) 1）.Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influence our language. 2）.His plan was such a good one____we all agreed to accept it. 3）The disagreement was ______ sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 4）On our way to the house, it was raining _______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 基础练习： A.单句填空 1It's also that they are on average healthier ________more productive for longer. 2.Small amounts of caffeine----a cup ________two of coffee a day - seem safe for most people. 3._________birds use their feathers for flight,some of their feathers are for other purposes. 4.Located__________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 5.It was time for her to have a new baby,________it was also time for the young panda to be independent. 6._______the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 7.Over time,_______the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 8.I really enjoy listening to music_______it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. 9.Absurd ________ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 10.A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 11.________the weather is like tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. 12.The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time ________ we meet them again. 13.On our way to the house，it was raining ________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. 14.No matter ________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 15.Try ________ she might, Carolina couldn't get the door open. 16.Much ________I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal. 17.________well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. 18.If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter ________difficulty it is. 19.I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport. 巩固练习: 一．在空格处填入适当的连词 1I work not because I have to,________because I want to. 2.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients_________they need medical assistance. 3.Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so_______they get sweet enough to be eaten. 4.________we don't stop climate change. many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 5._________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 6.Located________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 二、完成句子 1．既然你已列出自身优势，现请列出你的不足之处。 ________ you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. 2．凡在紧急情况下伸出援手者，我们都应心怀感激。 ________________, we should be grateful to them. 3．无论你做出什么决定，我都会无条件地支持你。 ________________, I will support you unconditionally. 4．不知不觉中，两个月过去了，我开始渐渐喜欢上高中的新生活了。(before引导时间状语从句) ________, two months had already passed, and I had come to love the new life of the senior high school. 5．明知有危险，他还是坚持要去。 He insisted on going ________________________________ involved. 6．随着压力增加，越来越多的青少年发现入睡很困难。 ________________, more and more teenagers ________________. 7．我把手伸进口袋，拿出钱，在我爸爸有空的时候把钱给了他。(available) Reaching into my pocket, I took out the money and gave my dad the money ________________. 8．不要泄气。我相信，只要全力以赴你就能得到那份工作。 Don’t lose heart. I’m sure you’ll get that job ________________． 9．虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中，但是我们不应害怕它们。 ____________________________, we should not be afraid of them. 10．虽然我们可能会遇到许多失败，但只要我们拼尽全力，就没有必要为这些失败感到遗憾。 ________, as long as we try our best, there is no need to regret these failures. 11．在街上他一看到那个受伤的女孩，就毫不犹豫地下车，像箭一样冲过去帮助她。 ________________ he got off his car without hesitation and rushed like an arrow to assist her. 12．走进咖啡馆，我立刻被其独特的装饰所吸引。 The unique decoration in the café ________ ________I walked in. 13．________________, he found himself surrounded by his friends. 这个男人醒来时，他发现自己被朋友们围着。 14．我一打开那本旧相册，许多关于童年的温暖回忆就立刻涌上心头。 ________ ________ I opened that old photo album, many warm memories of my childhood flooded back to me. 15．既然你已经长大了, 就应该学会自己做决定。 ________________ you are old enough, you should learn to make your own decisions. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【拔高练习】．.语法填空(连词专练) Passage 1 My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.________I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.________ the door bell rang.However, my sister unlocked the door 3.________ I could open it. We were surprised the moment we saw her 4._______ her clothes and face were terribly dirty. She looked much poorer 5________.we expected.6. ________we didn't know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sister's story. We wouldn't leave 7._________my sister told us all about it.8.________my sister got changed,she told us that she fell into a ditch 9._________ she walked on a path on her way to my uncle's home in the countryside. She couldn't get out of the ditch.10.________she cried for help loudly, no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it,but ll________.hard she tried,she failed to escape from it.12.______time went by,she got worried. After several vain attempts she had to stand 13. _______she was and waited 14. ______a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 15. ______the boy told , so that she came out. Passage2 There are moments in life 1 you miss some people so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When one door of happiness closes, 2 opens, but often we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which 3 (open) for us. Don't go for looks; they can deceive (欺骗). Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone 4 makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Dream what you want 5 (dream); go where you want to go; be what you want to be. The 6 (happy) people don't 7 (necessary) have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that 8 (come) along their way. The brightest future will always be based on a 9 (forget) past. When you were born, you were crying and everyone 10 you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying. Passage3 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式 We’ve all turned to sad music to make us feel 1 (good)at some point in our lives, but why does doubling down on the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼 )？ A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains 2 we match our music to our feelings. It looks like sad music can be enjoyable -rather than 3 (simple) depressing- because it triggers positive memories that can help to lift our mood. Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 4 (be)two groups of possible 5 (explain)for why we enjoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology, and one from cognitive neuroscience(认知神经学). In terms of social psychology, one way of 6 (think) about this is that we feel much better about 7 (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison. Everything’s going to be okay, because this person 8 (have) an even worse day than you are. Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 9 music that mirrors the tone of their current life circumstances -the songs act as 10 sort of tuning fork(音叉) for our own situations and they resonate(共鸣) with us. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last October I left the UK behind and joined Gillotts School on their rugby and hockey tour in sunny Italy. It was my first time away on a sports tour and I could not have enjoyed it 1 (much)! Five days of sports, between training and matches with Italian players, but also plenty 2 time for sightseeing and free moments to enjoy an ice cream in the sun. 3 our flight had landed in Milan, we got on our coach and drove for a couple of hours towards our home for the week, the Hotel San Zeno, a 4 (comfort), family-run accommodation, with a splendid view of Lake Garda. Starting the day with a self-led training, enjoying a boat tour on the lake, wandering along the streets of Sirmione for a few hours and heading off 5 (play) a sport — these are just a few 6 (example) of the kind of adventures you could be having! The girls and boys on this tour seemed to enjoy 7 (they) thoroughly, especially after winning ALL of their games! I found myself 8 (cheer) them on like a proud aunt and celebrating afterwards with food, drink and social time, hosted by rugby clubs after matches. On the last day we headed back to 9 airport, but not before stopping in Milan! We 10 (pay) a visit to the San Siro museum and enjoyed a stadium tour before moving on to Milan city centre for an afternoon of shopping. 参考答案 【课前检测】 1．Whatever 【详解】句意：无论你决定做什么，我都会无条件支持你。空处引导让步状语从句，作do的宾语，表示“无论什么”应用whatever。 2．while 【详解】句意：我不在的时候请照看一下我的包。此处引导状语从句，结合句意，此处意为“当……的时候”为连词while，从句动词为延续性动词。 3．Considering 【详解】句意：考虑到任务很难，他们还是提前完成了。固定搭配considering that“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语从句，句首单词，首字母大写。 4．Unless 【详解】句意：除非你在跑步前做好充分的热身运动，否则可能会损伤肌肉或关节。逗号前后均为完整的句子，且“在跑步前做好充分的热身运动”是“损伤肌肉或关节”成立的否定条件，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，句首单词的首字母需大写。 5． had started came 【详解】句意：我们刚刚启动低碳交通推广活动，就有几十位居民前来索取环保宣传资料。hardly...when...是固定句型，意为“刚……就……”，其中hardly部分的时态用过去完成时，且要部分倒装，即将助动词had提前到主语的前面，因此第一空是had，第二空用过去分词started；when部分时态用一般过去时，第三空用过去式came。 6．when 【详解】句意：我们刚坐下，电影就开始了。根据“Scarcely had we sat down”可知，此处使用了scarcely...when...（刚……就……）的固定句型，scarcely置于句首时主句需要部分倒装。 7．whenever 【详解】句意：我告诉他，他想什么时候回来就什么时候回来。空处需要一个连词来连接前后的句子，主句“我告诉他回来”是一种无条件允许，从句内容“他想要（回来）”是时间参照点，表示“无条件时间”的连词是 whenever，意为“无论何时”，引导时间状语从句。 8． such that 【详解】句意：我在英语上取得了如此迅速的进步，我的父母为我感到骄傲。such...that...句型意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。such修饰名词，rapid progress的中心词是不可数名词progress，符合结构：such + 形容词 + 不可数名词+that...。 9．when 【详解】句意：我正要放弃比赛，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续坚持下去。固定句型be about to do sth. when...意为“正要做某事，就在这时……”，空处需填when。 10．as 【详解】句意：使用多个虚拟形象也存在风险，因为人们可以利用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。前后分句存在因果逻辑，空格处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，应用从属连词as引导该从句。 11．that 【详解】句意：群山看上去如此雄伟，所有游客都留下了深刻印象。so...that...“如此……以至于……”是固定句型，引导结果状语从句。 12．whenever 【详解】句意：无论我在街上走、和朋友吃饭还是夜里躺在床上，目光都离不开小屏幕。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论何时”用whenever。 13．annoyed 【详解】句意：等到那个女孩终于离开时，汤姆仍然十分恼火，不得不休息五分钟才能继续写作文。so+形容词+that引导的结果状语从句是固定结构，所填形容词作表语描述主语Tom的状态，要将annoy变成annoyed，意为“感到恼怒的”。 14．since 【详解】句意：自从这个问题出现以来，政府一直在努力解决它。此处引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成进行时，从句用一般过去时，since意为“自从……以来”，符合时态和语境逻辑。 15．that 【详解】句意：我当时一心专注于把控聚会场面，以至于没能意识到在这段艰难时期托比对我弟弟有多重要。此处为固定句型so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，所以此处使用连词that引导结果状语从句。 16．so 【详解】句意：向你介绍生物学、城市农业和环境科学等领域，以便你可以探索农业领域。结合句意，表达“以便”用so that，引导目的状语从句，空处需填so。 17．as 【详解】句意：这倒也挺好的，你知道的，只要能保持平衡就好，既要有这一些，也要有那一些。由It’s good和there’s a balance可知，此处表示“只要能保持平衡就好”，as long as是固定短语，意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，因此空格处是as。 18．Whatever 【详解】句意：无论我们面临什么困难，我们都永不放弃。此处考查让步状语从句引导词，whatever 意为“无论什么”，修饰名词 difficulties，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。 19．in 【详解】句意：这位研究者选择研究《易经》，因为它的智慧能够增强那位大学学者的理论基础。前后为因果关系，后半句是前半句的原因。in that为固定搭配，意为“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句，本空用介词in。 20．If 【详解】句意：如果你每天练习说英语，你会取得很大进步。此处考查条件状语从句引导词，if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写。 巩固练习: 1．Now that 【详解】空处引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”，用now that。句首单词首字母需要大写。 2．Whoever offers a helping hand in an emergency 【详解】“在紧急情况下”表达为in an emergency；“伸出”表达为offer；“援手”表达为a helping hand；根据句意可知，此处为让步状语从句，故表达为：Whoever offers a helping hand in an emergency，whoever在从句中作主语，为单数；offers为谓语动词，主语为单数，且此处陈述客观事实，故应该一般现在时；a helping hand作宾语；in an emergency作地点状语。 3．Whatever decision you make 【详解】“做决定”表达为make decision；“无论什么”表达为whatever。此处为whatever引导让步状语从句，从句中you作主语，make为谓语动词，decision作宾语。从句使用一般现在时。 4．Before I knew it 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“不知不觉中”，固定句式Before I knew it意为“不知不觉、没过多久”，符合before引导时间状语从句的用法，契合句子时态与语境。 5．even though he was fully aware of the danger 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“明知有危险”；表示“即使，尽管”用连词even though，引导让步状语从句；表示“他”用he，作从句主语；表示“充分意识到”用固定短语be fully aware of，根据主句insisted可知事情发生在过去，从句应用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数，故用was fully aware of；表示“危险”用名词the danger，作宾语。 6． With pressure increasing/As pressure increases find it difficult to fall asleep 【详解】“随着压力增加”用with的复合结构with pressure increasing，或as引导的状语从句as pressure increases；“发现入睡很困难用”find it difficult to fall asleep，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。 7．when he was available 【详解】“有空的”表达为available 。这里需要一个时间状语从句来表示“在我爸爸有空的时候”，根据前面took可知句子时态为一般过去时，所以从句用一般过去时，应填when he was available。 8．as long as you spare no effort 【详解】表示“只要”用as long as，引导条件状语从句；主语为you；表示“全力以赴”短语为spare no effort。从句用一般现在时表将来。 9．Though/Although/While difficulties exist in our daily life 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，本题要翻译让步状语从句“虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中”；本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时；“虽然”置于句首，可以译为Though/Although/While；“困难”译为difficulties，在从句中作主语；“存在于我们的日常生活中”译为exist in our daily life，主语是复数名词，exist用动词原形，整合为Though difficulties exist in our daily life。 10．Though we may come across many failures 【详解】此处需填“虽然我们可能会遇到许多失败”的英语表达，可以用though引导让步状语从句表达“虽然”的含义，从句主语为we，情态动词may表示“可能”，后接动词原形，表示“遇到”用动词短语come across，“许多失败”用many failures作宾语，句首单词首字母大写。 11．The moment/minute/instant/second he saw the injured girl on the street 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“在街上他一看到那个受伤的女孩”。“一……就……”可用名词短语The moment/minute/instant/second​引导时间状语从句；从句主语“他”翻译为he；从句谓语“看到”翻译为see；从句宾语“那个受伤的女孩”翻译为the injured girl；地点状语“在街上”翻译为on the street。主句时态为一般过去时，从句也应用一般过去时，动词see用过去式saw。 12． caught my eye immediately/directly 【详解】空1：此处意为“吸引某人的注意力”，表达为catch one’s eye，在句中作谓语动词，主语为The unique decoration，根据后文的walked可知，此处应用一般过去时caught my eye；空2：此处引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，用连词immediately/directly。 13．When the man came to life 【详解】中英文对比可知，空处应填“这个男人醒来时”，可用when​引导的时间状语从句表达，从句主语“这个男人”为the man，“醒来”可用固定短语come to life，结合后文的found可知陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，从句谓语动词用过去式，come的过去式为came。 14． The moment/minute/instant 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“一……就……”，可用the moment、the minute或the instant表达，引导时间状语从句，说明两个动作紧密衔接，且句首单词的首字母需大写。 15．Now that 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“既然”，应用连词短语now that，引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，既然”，符合语境；句首单词首字母需大写。 【拔高练习】 Passage2 1．when 2．another 3．has been opened 4．who 5．to dream 6．happiest 7．necessarily 8．comes 9．forgotten 10．around 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在生活中的一些体会：快乐的人不一定拥有最好的东西，他们只是珍惜人生中的一切，善于抓住生活中美好的一面，时刻对未来充满期许。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：生命中很多时候你会特别想念一些人以至于你想把他们从梦中拉出来，紧紧地拥抱他们。在先行词为时间名词moments，从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。 2．考查形容词。句意：当一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇就会打开，但我们常常盯着那扇关闭的门太久，而看不到另一扇为我们打开的门。another意为“另一，又一”，符合语境，故填another。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：当一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇就会打开，但我们常常盯着那扇关闭的门太久，而看不到另一扇为我们打开的门。根据语境，从句中的谓语应为现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been opened。 4．考查定语从句的先行词。句意：寻找那些让你微笑的人，因为仅一个微笑就能让黑暗的一天雨过天晴。先行词someone是指人的不定代词，定语从句中谓语动词makes缺主语，故填who。 5．考查动词的固定搭配。句意：做你想做的梦吧.去你想去的地方吧.成为你想成为的人吧。动词want后面加动词不定式，故此处应填to dream。 6．考查形容词的最高级。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。由空前的the和空后的best可知此处要用最高级，此处应填happiest。 7．考查副词。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。动词have要用副词来修饰，故填necessarily，意为“必要地”。 8．考查时态。句意：他们只是充分利用他们所拥有的东西。他们这里说的是客观事实，故用一般现在时；定语从句的关系代词that指代先行词everything，故该空填动词的第三人称单数comes。 9．考查过去分词。句意：忘掉过去你将迎来美好的未来。Forgotten是forget的过去分词。名词past意为“过去”，和forget之间为动宾关系，故填过去分词作定语，故填forgotten。 10．考查副词。句意：当你出生时，你在哭泣而你周边的人在微笑。around意为“环绕，在周围”，符合语境，故填around。 【点睛】that在定语从句中是既可以指人也可以 指物，当先行词是all, something,nothing等不定代词用that，这是that和which在比较是都在指物的情况下，不包括指人时。当先行词是those, one ,ones, anyone ,someone等并且指人时，我们只用who。 从句中要注意先行词和动词的对应关系。一般现在时主语为第三人称单数，动词要用三单；主语为非第三人称单数，动词用原形。 Passage3 1．better 2．when/as 3．simply 4．are 5．explanations 6．thinking 7．ourselves 8．is having/has 9．to 10．a 【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些，但是为什么更多的悲伤反而会让我们走出低谷呢？社会心理学有的派别认为是通过下行社会比较让我们感觉好一些，有的派别认为是那些悲伤的音乐让我们产生心理共鸣，所以感觉会好一些。 【详解】1．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些。空格处单词位于系动词feel后，应用形容词形式。根据句意“让我们感受更好受一些”，应使用形容词比较级形式。且空格处单词与第三段中的“feel much better”呼应，故填better。 2．考查时间状语从句中的连词。句意：一项新的研究阐明了当我们将所听的音乐与心中感受配对的时候我们大脑里到底发生了什么。根据句意，这是一个时间状语从句。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词可以填when/as。 3．考查副词。句意：其结果显示：悲伤的音乐也能带来愉悦而不是简单地令人低落。空格处单词修饰形容词depressing，应用副词形式。故填simply。 4．考查主谓一致。句意：关于我们为什么喜欢听悲伤的音乐有两派可能的解释。这里使用的是there be句型，be动词与其后主语保持一致。句中“two groups of”为复数意义，故be动词填are。 5．考查名词的复数形式。句意同上。空格处单词位于形容词后介词前，应用名词形式。“explain（解释）”的名词形式为explanation，且为可数名词。这句话后列出了来自社会心理学与来自认知神经科学的两派解释，所以空格处名词用复数形式。故填explanations。 6．考查动名词。句意：从社会心理学这一派来讲，有一种思路是：当我们把注意力集中在一个比我们过得还惨的人身上时，我们会觉得好受些。空格位于介词of后，且think about是动词词组，所以空格处填动名词形式。故填thinking。 7．考查反身代词。句意同上。由于表语从句的从句部分主语we与about后的宾语指代的是同一类人，所以介词后宾语使用反身代词。we的反身代词为ourselves，故填ourselves。 8．考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意：一切都会好起来的，因为这个人比你过得更惨。这是原因状语从句，前半句使用的是一般现在时，所以从句部分也使用一般时态。根据句意，从句部分使用一般现在时或现在进行时都可以，主语this person是第三人称单数，故填is having/has。 9．考查介词。句意：另一个假说是人们喜欢听那些能反映自己现在生活境况基调的音乐，这些歌对于我们的境况来讲起到了类似音叉的作用，它们与我们产生了共鸣。“listen”是不及物动词，后边加名词时需要加介词to，故填to。 10．考查冠词。句意同上。空格位于单数名词sort前，空格前为介词，所以空格处需要填冠词。“a sort of”意为“一种”，为固定搭配。故填a。 Passage4 1．more 2．of 3．After 4．comfortable 5．to play 6．examples 7．themselves 8．cheering 9．the 10．paid 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙事了上周作者去意大利进行橄榄球和曲棍球巡回赛，并叙述了这段旅行期间所做，所看。 【详解】1．考查副词比较级。否定词+比较级表达最高级，意思是“再......也不为过”。所以空处填much的比较级more。故填more。 2．考查介词。plenty of“许多”为固定短语，即可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。故填of。 3．考查连词。分析句子可知，作者到了米兰之后，又上了一辆长途大巴车。所以本句为after引导的时间状语从句。故填After。 4．考查形容词。comfortable为形容词修饰名词accommodation。故填 comfortable。 5．考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to play。 6．考查名词复数。a few 修饰可数名词复数。故填examples。 7．考查代词。 enjoy oneself“玩的很开心”为固定短语。故填themselves。 8．考查现在分词。find sb doing sth“发现某人正在做某事”，其中现在分词作宾语补足语。本句中的myself 与cheer在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填cheering。 9．考查冠词。airport为可数名词，在本句中表示特指，所以用定冠词the来修饰。故填the。 10．考查一般过去时。and并列连接谓语动词enjoyed和paid。故填paid。 【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。 分析小题8的句子可知，find sb doing sth“发现某人正在做某事”，其中现在分词作宾语补足语。本句中的myself 与cheer在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填cheering。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $