内容正文:
第01讲 Unit 1 Here and Now
(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
内容导航
01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向:预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知:情境概念深度构
考点精讲:聚焦常考要点,讲清逻辑
例题精析:典型题目带路,学会解题思路
即练固基:趁热打铁练一练,巩固刚学内容
03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实:过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
1.理解电话对话的语言特征,把握打电话的一些基本礼貌用语。
2.理解基本的时区概念,并能够通过阅读课文来理解同时间不同时区的生活状态是不同的,从而形成初步的全球思维。
3.正确理解现在进行时的结构、功能和意义,并能够运用现在进行时谈论自己或他人正在进行的活动。
学习重点
1.掌握电话对话的礼貌用语及其与面对面交流的区别。
2.理解时区概念并通过课文对比同一时刻不同地区的生活差异。
3.掌握现在进行时的结构(主语+be+动词-ing)及其表示此刻持续动作的功能。
学习难点
1.实际电话交流中礼貌用语的灵活切换。
2.抽象时区与现实生活的关联以及跨文化时间表述的理解。
3.动词-ing形式的正确变形及现在进行时与一般现在时的语境辨析。
Part 1 Section A 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. ride v. 骑 n. 旅程 2. moment n. 某个时刻;片刻;瞬间
3. hold v. 拿着;抓住 4. voice n. 嗓音;声音
5. programme n. 节目;项目;课程 6. message n. 消息;信息
7. kick v. 踢;踹 8. sight n. 名胜;风景;视力
9. exam n. 考试 10. hope v. & n. 希望
11. skate v. 滑冰
二、重点短语
1. right now 现在;立刻 2. at the moment 现在;此刻
3. work on 做;从事 4. hold on 别挂断电话;等一等
5. take a message 捎个口信 6. leave a message 留个口信
7. call back 回电话 8. look forward to 盼望
三、重点句型
1. How many of his friends are free to do the activity?
他的朋友中多少人有空做这项活动?
2. I’m working on something important.
我在做一件重要的事情。
3. Let’s meet at three o’clock.
让我们三点见面吧。
4. Are you making them for the Mid-Autumn Festival?
你是在为中秋节制作这些东西吗?
5. I’m happy you’re feeling better!
我很高兴你感觉好些了!
6. Are you having fun in China?
你在中国玩得开心吗?
7. Would you like to leave a message?
您想要留言吗?
8. I’m looking forward to seeing you soon!
我期待很快见到你。
Part 2 Section B 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. happen v. 发生 2. rush v. 冲;奔
3. shine v. 发光;照耀 n. 光亮 4. brightly adv. 明亮地
5. colourful adj. 色彩鲜艳的 6. such adj. pron.这(那)样的
7. painting n. 绘画作品;绘画 8. bright adj. 鲜艳的;明亮的;聪明的
9. drop v. 把……送至;落下 n. 滴;下降 10. passenger n. 乘客
11. central adj. 中心的;中央的 12. explain v. 解释;说明
13. drive v. 开车;驾驶
二、重点短语
1. in a hurry 匆忙 2. such as 例如
3. side by side 并排;并肩地 4. drop off (开车)把某人送到某处
5. at the same moment 同时 6. take part in 参加
7. rush hour (上下班时的)交通高峰期 8. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
三、重点句型
1. But others are not in a hurry!
但其他人并不着急。
2. Some people are shopping for gifts, such as paintings and bags, in the markets.
有些人正在市场上购买礼物,比如画作和包包。
3. In this city, people live side by side with many wonderful animals!
在这座城市里,人们与许多奇妙的动物相伴而居!
4. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers.
亮黄色的出租车正在接送乘客。
5. Our family are taking part in a boat tour right now.
我们一家人此刻正在乘船游览。
6. It’s taking a long time because it’s rush hour.
因为是交通高峰期,所以要花很长时间。
Part 3 知识点详解
1. Yes, her cold is gone. She's gardening. Hold on.
(1) gone
【详解】gone 在此句中用作形容词,意思是“不见了;走了”。 something is gone 表示“某物不存在了”, somebody is gone 表示“某人离开了”。它强调状态的改变,即从有到无,或从现在的位置离开。
拓展:gone 也是动词 go 的过去分词,常用于完成时态(如:He has gone. 他去了某地)。
【典例】—Where is Mr. Li? I need to ask him a question.
—He ______. He left for the airport half an hour ago.
审题关键:上文询问某人在哪里,下文说明他半小时前已经离开,强调“人不在现场”的状态。
规范解答:is gone
方法总结:当表达“某人离开了,不在这里”时,常用 be gone 表示状态的改变,与现在位置相关。
【即练1】The old days when we played together are ______. (再也回不去了)
【即练2】—Has he left? —Yes. He is ______.
(2) garden
【详解】garden 既可作名词也可作动词,在此句中用作动词,意思是“做园艺工作;打理花园”。作名词时意为“花园”。
拓展:派生词 gardener (园丁),gardening (园艺活动)。
【典例】My grandfather likes to ______ in his free time. (喜欢做园艺)
审题关键:考查 like to do sth,需要填入动词原形。句意为爷爷喜欢在空闲时间做园艺。
规范解答:garden
方法总结:根据语境判断词性,如果主语是人且后面接时间状语,常表示从事某种活动,用动词形式。
【即练1】There is a beautiful ______ behind the house.
【即练2】She spends two hours ______ every morning.
(3) hold on
【详解】hold on 可用于表达让对方等待或停止,意思是“等一下;停住”。也是常见的电话用语,意思是“稍等;别挂电话”。
拓展:类似表达有 Hang on, Wait a minute, Just a second。
【典例】—Could you speak louder? I can't hear you. —______, please. I will turn on the microphone.
审题关键:上文说听不见,下文说要打开麦克风。中间需要插入语表示“稍等”。
规范解答:Hold on
方法总结:在口语对话中,遇到需要短暂等待或处理事情时,常用 Hold on 来让对方暂停。
【即练1】—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith? —______, please. He is coming.
【即练2】______ a minute! I haven't finished my homework.
2. How are you doing?
【详解】这是人们见面寒暄时常用的英语表达,相当于汉语中的“近况如何?”“身体可好?”“一切还好吗?”。
拓展:类似的问候语有 How do you do? (初次见面), How are you? (熟人日常), What's up? (年轻人常用,较随意)。
【典例】—______? —I'm fine, thanks. And you?
审题关键:答语是 "I'm fine, thanks.",说明问句是询问身体状况或近况的标准问候语。
规范解答:How are you doing? (或 How are you?)
方法总结:熟记常见问候语的答语是互逆的。
【即练1】—Hey, Tom! Long time no see. ______? —Pretty good!
【即练2】—______? —Not bad, thanks.
3. Some people are rushing to get home from work. But others are not in a hurry!
(1) some ... others
【详解】some ... others 的意思是“一些……另一些”。others 指代剩余的一部分人或物,但不是全部。
拓展:若表示“其余的全部”,则用 some ... the others 。
【典例】There are many children in the playground. ______ are playing football, and ______ are playing basketball.
审题关键:考查“一些……另一些”的分配结构。操场上的孩子分为两组,进行不同的运动,二者是互斥的活动。
规范解答:Some; others
方法总结:当语境中对象被分为两部分且互不重叠时,使用 some…others(指剩余的一部分,非全部);若指剩余的全部,则用 some…the others。
【即练1】There are many people in the park. ______ are dancing, ______ are singing.
【即练2】I have three brothers. One is a doctor, ______ two are teachers.
(2) rush
【详解】rush 在句中用作动词,意思是“冲;奔”。 rush to do sth 的意思是“急于做某事”。
拓展:in a rush 匆忙;rush hour 高峰期。
【典例】The children ______ out of the classroom when the bell rang. (冲出)
审题关键:根据中文提示“冲出”,且主句是 children,时态为一般过去时。
规范解答:rushed
方法总结:根据时间状语判断时态,ring 的过去式是 rang,故填 rushed。
【即练1】We are ______ to finish the work before dark.
【即练2】I don't like to be ______ in the morning. (匆忙)
(3) get home from work
【详解】get home from work 表示“下班回家”。home 在这里是副词,前面不加介词 to。
拓展:get to school 到达学校 (school 是名词,需加 to);get home 到家 (home 是副词,不加 to)。
【典例】What time do you usually ______ ______ ______? (下班回家)
审题关键:考查固定短语。usually 提示一般现在时,助动词 do 后接动词原形。
规范解答:get home from work
方法总结:记忆固定搭配时,注意 home 作为副词的特殊用法。
【即练1】He often ______ ______ at 6:00 p.m. (下班回家)
【即练2】I usually ______ ______ school at 7:30. (到达学校)
(4) in a hurry
【详解】in a hurry 是一个习惯用语,表示“匆忙;赶时间”。
拓展:hurry up 快点 (祈使句)。
【典例】She put on her clothes ______ ______ ______ because she was late. (匆忙地)
审题关键:考查短语在句中作状语。because she was late 解释了原因,前面需要填“匆忙地”对应的短语。
规范解答:in a hurry
方法总结:in a hurry 既可以做表语(be in a hurry),也可以做状语修饰动词。
【即练1】Why are you always ______ ______ ______? Take your time.
【即练2】______ ______! We don't have much time. (快点)
4. Lights are shining brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river.
(1) 副词 brightly 和 slowly
【详解】副词 brightly 和 slowly 分别用来修饰动词 shine 和 move。使用副词增强了语言的画面感。
拓展:副词通常以 -ly 结尾,但也有例外(如 fast, hard)。
【典例】The sun rises ______ (bright) in the east.
审题关键:修饰动词 rises,需要用副词形式。
规范解答:brightly
方法总结:形容词变副词通常加 -ly。
【即练1】The girl sings ______ (beautiful).
【即练2】Please drive ______ (slow). It's a school zone.
(2) across 和 down
【详解】across 的意思是“横越,穿过”(从表面穿过),down 的意思是“沿着……而下”。
拓展:through 穿过(从内部穿过);over 越过(在上方越过)。
【典例】Be careful when you walk ______ the street. (横穿)
审题关键:过马路是在路面上横向穿过,用 across。
规范解答:across
方法总结:区分 across (表面穿过) 和 through (内部穿过)。
【即练1】The river runs ______ the city. (穿过)
【即练2】Go ______ this road and turn right. (沿着)
5. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers.
(1) bright yellow taxi / yellow cab
【详解】bright yellow taxi 又被称作 yellow cab。黄色出租车是美国纽约标志性的交通工具之一。
拓展:cab 是出租车的一种非正式称呼,同义词还有 taxi。
【典例】In New York, you can easily find a ______.
审题关键:根据常识,纽约的标志性交通工具是黄色出租车。
规范解答:yellow cab (或 bright yellow taxi)
方法总结:了解西方文化常识有助于解答此类题目。
【即练1】
翻译:我需要叫一辆出租车。
_________________________________
【即练2】
翻译:那辆黄色的出租车开得真快。
_________________________________
(2) pick up (短语动词)
【详解】pick up 在此句中表示“让人乘车;搭载”。
用法:pick sb up 意为“接某人”。
拓展:pick up 还可表示“(开车)接人;接电话;拿起;学会;好转”。
【典例】My father will ______ me ______ at the school gate at 5 p.m.
审题关键:考查“接某人”的表达。
规范解答:pick; up
方法总结:记住 pick up 的多重含义,根据上下文判断具体意思。
【即练1】
翻译:我捡起了一支笔。
____________________________________
【即练2】
翻译:你能来机场接我吗?
____________________________________
(3) drop off (短语动词)
【详解】drop off 意为“把……从车上卸下;(让……)下车;顺便把某人/某物送到某处”。
用法:drop sb/sth off。
拓展:drop by 顺便拜访。
【典例】Please ______ me ______ at the next bus stop.
审题关键:考查“让某人在某地下车”的表达。
规范解答:drop; off
方法总结:与 pick up 相对,pick up 是上车,drop off 是下车。
【即练1】
翻译:我可以在回家的路上顺便送一下黛西。
_________________________________________
【即练2】
翻译:司机在路口让我下了车。
_________________________________________
一、单词拼写
1.My keys are ______ (丢失的). I can’t find them anywhere.
2.My grandmother enjoys ______ (做园艺) in her spare time.
3.Please ______ (稍等) a moment. The manager is on another line.
4.The sun shines ______ (明亮地) in the sky.
5.The driver will ______ (让……下车) the passengers at the hotel.
二、单项选择
6.—How are you doing? —______
A. How do you do? B. I’m fine, thank you. C. I’m doing my homework. D. Yes, I am.
7.There are many flowers in the park. ______ are red, ______ are yellow.
A. Some; others B. Some; the others C. One; the other D. Others; some
8.Be careful when you walk ______ the street.
A. across B. through C. over D. cross
9.Can you ______ me ______ at the airport tomorrow morning?
A. pick; up B. drop; off C. take; off D. get; up
10.He is ______ a hurry because he is late for school.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
三、完成句子
11.一些人在跑步,另一些人在散步。
______ people are running, ______ are walking.
12.请稍等,我马上回来。
______ ______, please. I’ll be back soon.
13.司机总是在车站让乘客下车。
The driver always ______ ______ passengers at the station.
14.他急着去告诉父母这个好消息。
He is ______ ______ tell his parents the good news.
15.你通常几点下班回家?
What time do you usually ______ ______ ______ work?
四、阅读理解(共6小题,每题2分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
It’s 5:30 p.m. in New York City. The streets are busy. Some people are rushing to get home from work. They are in a hurry. But others are not. They are walking slowly and enjoying the city lights. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers everywhere. On the river, colorful boats are moving slowly down the water. The whole city looks beautiful. “How are you doing?” a man asks his friend. “I’m great!” his friend answers. They smile and walk into a restaurant.
16.What does “in a hurry” mean in the passage?
A. 高兴的 B. 匆忙的 C. 悠闲的
17.What color are the taxis in New York City according to the passage?
A. Red B. Yellow C. Blue
18.Which sentence shows that people are friendly?
A. The streets are busy.
B. Colorful boats are moving slowly.
C. A man asks his friend “How are you doing?” and they smile.
19.Why are some people not in a hurry?
A. Because they are walking slowly.
B. Because they are enjoying the city lights.
C. Both A and B.
20.What are the taxis doing?
A. Picking up and dropping off passengers.
B. Driving very fast.
C. Waiting at the station.
21.The word “whole” in “The whole city looks beautiful” means ______.
A. 全部的 B. 一半的 C. 古老的
五、完形填空(共10小题,每题1分)
阅读下面短文,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案填空。
It’s evening. The city is beautiful. Lights are shining 22_________ across the streets. Some people are getting 23________ from work. Taxis are 24_________ up passengers. Other people are not in a 25________. They are walking slowly. “How are you 26________?” a woman asks her friend. “I’m fine, thanks,” her friend answers. They are happy. On the river, boats are moving 27________ down the water. The whole city looks 28________. In New York, yellow cabs are very common. They 29________ up and drop off people all the time. Everyone is enjoying the 30________ time. Some people are 31________ to get home, but others are taking their time.
22. A. bright B. brightly C. brightness
23. A. home B. to home C. the home
24. A. picking B. picks C. pick
25. A. hurry B. hurrying C. hurried
26. A. do B. doing C. does
27. A. slow B. slowly C. slower
28. A. ugly B. beautiful C. noisy
29. A. pick B. picks C. picking
30. A. morning B. evening C. afternoon
31. A. rushing B. rushed C. rush
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
第01讲 Unit 1 Here and Now
(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
内容导航
01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向:预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知:情境概念深度构
考点精讲:聚焦常考要点,讲清逻辑
例题精析:典型题目带路,学会解题思路
即练固基:趁热打铁练一练,巩固刚学内容
03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实:过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
1.理解电话对话的语言特征,把握打电话的一些基本礼貌用语。
2.理解基本的时区概念,并能够通过阅读课文来理解同时间不同时区的生活状态是不同的,从而形成初步的全球思维。
3.正确理解现在进行时的结构、功能和意义,并能够运用现在进行时谈论自己或他人正在进行的活动。
学习重点
1.掌握电话对话的礼貌用语及其与面对面交流的区别。
2.理解时区概念并通过课文对比同一时刻不同地区的生活差异。
3.掌握现在进行时的结构(主语+be+动词-ing)及其表示此刻持续动作的功能。
学习难点
1.实际电话交流中礼貌用语的灵活切换。
2.抽象时区与现实生活的关联以及跨文化时间表述的理解。
3.动词-ing形式的正确变形及现在进行时与一般现在时的语境辨析。
Part 1 Section A 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. ride v. 骑 n. 旅程 2. moment n. 某个时刻;片刻;瞬间
3. hold v. 拿着;抓住 4. voice n. 嗓音;声音
5. programme n. 节目;项目;课程 6. message n. 消息;信息
7. kick v. 踢;踹 8. sight n. 名胜;风景;视力
9. exam n. 考试 10. hope v. & n. 希望
11. skate v. 滑冰
二、重点短语
1. right now 现在;立刻 2. at the moment 现在;此刻
3. work on 做;从事 4. hold on 别挂断电话;等一等
5. take a message 捎个口信 6. leave a message 留个口信
7. call back 回电话 8. look forward to 盼望
三、重点句型
1. How many of his friends are free to do the activity?
他的朋友中多少人有空做这项活动?
2. I’m working on something important.
我在做一件重要的事情。
3. Let’s meet at three o’clock.
让我们三点见面吧。
4. Are you making them for the Mid-Autumn Festival?
你是在为中秋节制作这些东西吗?
5. I’m happy you’re feeling better!
我很高兴你感觉好些了!
6. Are you having fun in China?
你在中国玩得开心吗?
7. Would you like to leave a message?
您想要留言吗?
8. I’m looking forward to seeing you soon!
我期待很快见到你。
Part 2 Section B 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. happen v. 发生 2. rush v. 冲;奔
3. shine v. 发光;照耀 n. 光亮 4. brightly adv. 明亮地
5. colourful adj. 色彩鲜艳的 6. such adj. pron.这(那)样的
7. painting n. 绘画作品;绘画 8. bright adj. 鲜艳的;明亮的;聪明的
9. drop v. 把……送至;落下 n. 滴;下降 10. passenger n. 乘客
11. central adj. 中心的;中央的 12. explain v. 解释;说明
13. drive v. 开车;驾驶
二、重点短语
1. in a hurry 匆忙 2. such as 例如
3. side by side 并排;并肩地 4. drop off (开车)把某人送到某处
5. at the same moment 同时 6. take part in 参加
7. rush hour (上下班时的)交通高峰期 8. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
三、重点句型
1. But others are not in a hurry!
但其他人并不着急。
2. Some people are shopping for gifts, such as paintings and bags, in the markets.
有些人正在市场上购买礼物,比如画作和包包。
3. In this city, people live side by side with many wonderful animals!
在这座城市里,人们与许多奇妙的动物相伴而居!
4. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers.
亮黄色的出租车正在接送乘客。
5. Our family are taking part in a boat tour right now.
我们一家人此刻正在乘船游览。
6. It’s taking a long time because it’s rush hour.
因为是交通高峰期,所以要花很长时间。
Part 3 知识点详解
1. Yes, her cold is gone. She's gardening. Hold on.
(1) gone
【详解】gone 在此句中用作形容词,意思是“不见了;走了”。 something is gone 表示“某物不存在了”, somebody is gone 表示“某人离开了”。它强调状态的改变,即从有到无,或从现在的位置离开。
拓展:gone 也是动词 go 的过去分词,常用于完成时态(如:He has gone. 他去了某地)。
【典例】—Where is Mr. Li? I need to ask him a question.
—He ______. He left for the airport half an hour ago.
审题关键:上文询问某人在哪里,下文说明他半小时前已经离开,强调“人不在现场”的状态。
规范解答:is gone
方法总结:当表达“某人离开了,不在这里”时,常用 be gone 表示状态的改变,与现在位置相关。
【即练1】The old days when we played together are ______. (再也回不去了)
答案:gone
解析:考查 gone 表示“一去不复返”的用法。 The old days are gone. 意为过去的日子一去不复返了,符合中文提示。
【即练2】—Has he left? —Yes. He is ______.
答案:gone
解析:考查 gone 表示“人离开了”。 He is gone. 意为“他已经走了/离开了”。
(2) garden
【详解】garden 既可作名词也可作动词,在此句中用作动词,意思是“做园艺工作;打理花园”。作名词时意为“花园”。
拓展:派生词 gardener (园丁),gardening (园艺活动)。
【典例】My grandfather likes to ______ in his free time. (喜欢做园艺)
审题关键:考查 like to do sth,需要填入动词原形。句意为爷爷喜欢在空闲时间做园艺。
规范解答:garden
方法总结:根据语境判断词性,如果主语是人且后面接时间状语,常表示从事某种活动,用动词形式。
【即练1】There is a beautiful ______ behind the house.
答案:garden
解析:考查名词用法。a beautiful 后接名词单数, a beautiful garden 意为“一个漂亮的花园”。
【即练2】She spends two hours ______ every morning.
答案:gardening
解析:考查固定搭配 spend time (in) doing sth (花费时间做某事)。garden 作为动词,此处需用动名词形式 gardening。
(3) hold on
【详解】hold on 可用于表达让对方等待或停止,意思是“等一下;停住”。也是常见的电话用语,意思是“稍等;别挂电话”。
拓展:类似表达有 Hang on, Wait a minute, Just a second。
【典例】—Could you speak louder? I can't hear you. —______, please. I will turn on the microphone.
审题关键:上文说听不见,下文说要打开麦克风。中间需要插入语表示“稍等”。
规范解答:Hold on
方法总结:在口语对话中,遇到需要短暂等待或处理事情时,常用 Hold on 来让对方暂停。
【即练1】—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith? —______, please. He is coming.
答案:Hold on
解析:考查电话用语。当对方找的人就在附近即将过来时,礼貌用语是让对方别挂电话稍等,故填 Hold on。
【即练2】______ a minute! I haven't finished my homework.
答案:Hold on
解析:考查固定搭配 Hold on a minute (稍等一下)。句意为“等一下!我还没完成作业。”
2. How are you doing?
【详解】这是人们见面寒暄时常用的英语表达,相当于汉语中的“近况如何?”“身体可好?”“一切还好吗?”。
拓展:类似的问候语有 How do you do? (初次见面), How are you? (熟人日常), What's up? (年轻人常用,较随意)。
【典例】—______? —I'm fine, thanks. And you?
审题关键:答语是 "I'm fine, thanks.",说明问句是询问身体状况或近况的标准问候语。
规范解答:How are you doing? (或 How are you?)
方法总结:熟记常见问候语的答语是互逆的。
【即练1】—Hey, Tom! Long time no see. ______? —Pretty good!
答案:How is it going? (或 How are things going?)
解析:考查情景交际。Long time no see 暗示是很久没见的熟人,Pretty good 回答近况很好,故填 How is it going? 或 How are things going?。
【即练2】—______? —Not bad, thanks.
答案:How are you doing?
解析:考查日常交际。根据答语“还不错,谢谢”,可知问句是在询问对方最近过得怎么样,故填 How are you doing?。
3. Some people are rushing to get home from work. But others are not in a hurry!
(1) some ... others
【详解】some ... others 的意思是“一些……另一些”。others 指代剩余的一部分人或物,但不是全部。
拓展:若表示“其余的全部”,则用 some ... the others 。
【典例】There are many children in the playground. ______ are playing football, and ______ are playing basketball.
审题关键:考查“一些……另一些”的分配结构。操场上的孩子分为两组,进行不同的运动,二者是互斥的活动。
规范解答:Some; others
方法总结:当语境中对象被分为两部分且互不重叠时,使用 some…others(指剩余的一部分,非全部);若指剩余的全部,则用 some…the others。
【即练1】There are many people in the park. ______ are dancing, ______ are singing.
答案:Some; others
解析:考查句型结构。句意为“公园里有很多人。一些在跳舞,另一些在唱歌。”符合 some ... others 的用法。
【即练2】I have three brothers. One is a doctor, ______ two are teachers.
答案:the other
解析:考查代词。总共三个兄弟,一个是一种情况,剩下的两个(特定范围内的其余全部)是另一种情况,故用 the other two 。注意与 some ... others 区分。
(2) rush
【详解】rush 在句中用作动词,意思是“冲;奔”。 rush to do sth 的意思是“急于做某事”。
拓展:in a rush 匆忙;rush hour 高峰期。
【典例】The children ______ out of the classroom when the bell rang. (冲出)
审题关键:根据中文提示“冲出”,且主句是 children,时态为一般过去时。
规范解答:rushed
方法总结:根据时间状语判断时态,ring 的过去式是 rang,故填 rushed。
【即练1】We are ______ to finish the work before dark.
答案:rushing
解析:考查时态。句中有 are,结合语境是正在进行的动作,用现在进行时 be rushing ,表示急于完成工作。
【即练2】I don't like to be ______ in the morning. (匆忙)
答案:in a rush
解析:考查介词短语。be 后接形容词或介词短语作表语, in a rush 意为“处于匆忙状态”。
(3) get home from work
【详解】get home from work 表示“下班回家”。home 在这里是副词,前面不加介词 to。
拓展:get to school 到达学校 (school 是名词,需加 to);get home 到家 (home 是副词,不加 to)。
【典例】What time do you usually ______ ______ ______? (下班回家)
审题关键:考查固定短语。usually 提示一般现在时,助动词 do 后接动词原形。
规范解答:get home from work
方法总结:记忆固定搭配时,注意 home 作为副词的特殊用法。
【即练1】He often ______ ______ at 6:00 p.m. (下班回家)
答案:gets home from work
解析:考查时态和搭配。often 提示一般现在时,主语 he 是第三人称单数,get 变为 gets。
【即练2】I usually ______ ______ school at 7:30. (到达学校)
答案:get to
解析:考查 get to + 名词的用法。school 是名词,前面必须加介词 to,即 get to school 。
(4) in a hurry
【详解】in a hurry 是一个习惯用语,表示“匆忙;赶时间”。
拓展:hurry up 快点 (祈使句)。
【典例】She put on her clothes ______ ______ ______ because she was late. (匆忙地)
审题关键:考查短语在句中作状语。because she was late 解释了原因,前面需要填“匆忙地”对应的短语。
规范解答:in a hurry
方法总结:in a hurry 既可以做表语(be in a hurry),也可以做状语修饰动词。
【即练1】Why are you always ______ ______ ______? Take your time.
答案:in a hurry
解析:考查固定搭配。be 动词后接 in a hurry 作表语,意为“总是很匆忙”。
【即练2】______ ______! We don't have much time. (快点)
答案:Hurry up
解析:考查祈使句。根据中文提示“快点”,且是句首单独使用的短语,用 Hurry up。
4. Lights are shining brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river.
(1) 副词 brightly 和 slowly
【详解】副词 brightly 和 slowly 分别用来修饰动词 shine 和 move。使用副词增强了语言的画面感。
拓展:副词通常以 -ly 结尾,但也有例外(如 fast, hard)。
【典例】The sun rises ______ (bright) in the east.
审题关键:修饰动词 rises,需要用副词形式。
规范解答:brightly
方法总结:形容词变副词通常加 -ly。
【即练1】The girl sings ______ (beautiful).
答案:beautifully
解析:考查副词修饰动词。sings 是动词,用副词 beautifully 修饰,意为“唱得优美”。
【即练2】Please drive ______ (slow). It's a school zone.
答案:slowly
解析:考查副词。drive 是动词,需要副词 slowly 来修饰,意为“慢慢地开车”。
(2) across 和 down
【详解】across 的意思是“横越,穿过”(从表面穿过),down 的意思是“沿着……而下”。
拓展:through 穿过(从内部穿过);over 越过(在上方越过)。
【典例】Be careful when you walk ______ the street. (横穿)
审题关键:过马路是在路面上横向穿过,用 across。
规范解答:across
方法总结:区分 across (表面穿过) 和 through (内部穿过)。
【即练1】The river runs ______ the city. (穿过)
答案:through
解析:考查介词辨析。河流是从城市内部穿过的,故用 through。
【即练2】Go ______ this road and turn right. (沿着)
答案:down
解析:考查固定搭配 go down 。句意为“沿着这条路走然后右转”。
5. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers.
(1) bright yellow taxi / yellow cab
【详解】bright yellow taxi 又被称作 yellow cab。黄色出租车是美国纽约标志性的交通工具之一。
拓展:cab 是出租车的一种非正式称呼,同义词还有 taxi。
【典例】In New York, you can easily find a ______.
审题关键:根据常识,纽约的标志性交通工具是黄色出租车。
规范解答:yellow cab (或 bright yellow taxi)
方法总结:了解西方文化常识有助于解答此类题目。
【即练1】
翻译:我需要叫一辆出租车。
_________________________________
参考答案:I need to call a taxi / a cab.
【即练2】
翻译:那辆黄色的出租车开得真快。
_________________________________
参考答案:That bright yellow taxi is driving very fast.
(2) pick up (短语动词)
【详解】pick up 在此句中表示“让人乘车;搭载”。
用法:pick sb up 意为“接某人”。
拓展:pick up 还可表示“(开车)接人;接电话;拿起;学会;好转”。
【典例】My father will ______ me ______ at the school gate at 5 p.m.
审题关键:考查“接某人”的表达。
规范解答:pick; up
方法总结:记住 pick up 的多重含义,根据上下文判断具体意思。
【即练1】
翻译:我捡起了一支笔。
____________________________________
参考答案:I picked up a pen.
【即练2】
翻译:你能来机场接我吗?
____________________________________
参考答案:Can you pick me up at the airport?
(3) drop off (短语动词)
【详解】drop off 意为“把……从车上卸下;(让……)下车;顺便把某人/某物送到某处”。
用法:drop sb/sth off。
拓展:drop by 顺便拜访。
【典例】Please ______ me ______ at the next bus stop.
审题关键:考查“让某人在某地下车”的表达。
规范解答:drop; off
方法总结:与 pick up 相对,pick up 是上车,drop off 是下车。
【即练1】
翻译:我可以在回家的路上顺便送一下黛西。
_________________________________________
参考答案:I can drop Daisy off on my way home.
【即练2】
翻译:司机在路口让我下了车。
_________________________________________
参考答案:The driver dropped me off at the crossroads.
一、单词拼写
1.My keys are ______ (丢失的). I can’t find them anywhere.
答案: gone
解析: 考查 gone 作形容词表示“不见了”。句意:我的钥匙丢了,到处都找不到。
2.My grandmother enjoys ______ (做园艺) in her spare time.
答案: gardening
解析: 考查 garden 的动名词形式。enjoy doing sth 意为“喜欢做某事”,故填 gardening。
3.Please ______ (稍等) a moment. The manager is on another line.
答案: hold on
解析: 考查固定短语 hold on 表示“稍等”。句意:请稍等,经理正在接另一个电话。
4.The sun shines ______ (明亮地) in the sky.
答案: brightly
解析: 考查副词修饰动词 shines。形容词 bright 变副词加 -ly。
5.The driver will ______ (让……下车) the passengers at the hotel.
答案: drop off
解析: 考查 drop off 表示“让某人下车”。will 后接动词原形。
二、单项选择
6.—How are you doing? —______
A. How do you do? B. I’m fine, thank you. C. I’m doing my homework. D. Yes, I am.
答案: B
解析: 考查问候语应答。How are you doing? 意为“近来可好?”,标准答语为“I’m fine, thank you.”。A项是初次见面用语;C项答非所问;D项不符合语法。
7.There are many flowers in the park. ______ are red, ______ are yellow.
A. Some; others B. Some; the others C. One; the other D. Others; some
答案: A
解析: 考查 some...others 结构。句意为“许多花,一些是红色的,另一些是黄色的”,这里泛指剩余的一部分,并非全部,故用 some...others。
8.Be careful when you walk ______ the street.
A. across B. through C. over D. cross
答案: A
解析: 考查介词辨析。“过马路”是在路面表面横向穿过,用 across。through 强调从内部穿过;over 强调上方越过;cross 是动词。
9.Can you ______ me ______ at the airport tomorrow morning?
A. pick; up B. drop; off C. take; off D. get; up
答案: A
解析: 考查短语动词。句意:“明天早上你能来机场接我吗?” pick up 表示“接人”。drop off 表示“送人下车”;take off 表示“起飞/脱下”;get up 表示“起床”。
10.He is ______ a hurry because he is late for school.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
答案: A
解析: 考查固定短语 in a hurry,意为“匆忙”。句意:他很匆忙因为他上学迟到了。
三、完成句子
11.一些人在跑步,另一些人在散步。
______ people are running, ______ are walking.
答案: Some; others
解析: 考查 some...others 结构。注意 others 前不加冠词,表示泛指。
12.请稍等,我马上回来。
______ ______, please. I’ll be back soon.
答案: Hold on
解析: 考查 hold on 表示“稍等”。注意大写开头。
13.司机总是在车站让乘客下车。
The driver always ______ ______ passengers at the station.
答案: drops off
解析: 考查 drop off 表示“让…下车”。主语 the driver 为单数,一般现在时用 drops off。
14.他急着去告诉父母这个好消息。
He is ______ ______ tell his parents the good news.
答案: rushing to
解析: 考查 rush to do sth 结构。be rushing to do 表示“急着做某事”。
15.你通常几点下班回家?
What time do you usually ______ ______ ______ work?
答案: get home from
解析: 考查 get home from work 固定搭配。注意 home 是副词,不加 to。
四、阅读理解(共6小题,每题2分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
It’s 5:30 p.m. in New York City. The streets are busy. Some people are rushing to get home from work. They are in a hurry. But others are not. They are walking slowly and enjoying the city lights. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers everywhere. On the river, colorful boats are moving slowly down the water. The whole city looks beautiful. “How are you doing?” a man asks his friend. “I’m great!” his friend answers. They smile and walk into a restaurant.
16.What does “in a hurry” mean in the passage?
A. 高兴的 B. 匆忙的 C. 悠闲的
答案: B
解析: 根据上下文“Some people are rushing to get home from work. They are in a hurry.” 可知 rush 意为“冲、奔”,因此 in a hurry 意为“匆忙的”。
17.What color are the taxis in New York City according to the passage?
A. Red B. Yellow C. Blue
答案: B
解析: 文中提到“Bright yellow taxis”,故为黄色。
18.Which sentence shows that people are friendly?
A. The streets are busy.
B. Colorful boats are moving slowly.
C. A man asks his friend “How are you doing?” and they smile.
答案: C
解析: 最后一句描述两人打招呼并微笑走进餐馆,体现了友好。A、B只是客观描述。
19.Why are some people not in a hurry?
A. Because they are walking slowly.
B. Because they are enjoying the city lights.
C. Both A and B.
答案: C
解析: 文中说“They are walking slowly and enjoying the city lights”,两者都是他们不匆忙的原因。
20.What are the taxis doing?
A. Picking up and dropping off passengers.
B. Driving very fast.
C. Waiting at the station.
答案: A
解析: 原文明确说“Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers everywhere.”
21.The word “whole” in “The whole city looks beautiful” means ______.
A. 全部的 B. 一半的 C. 古老的
答案: A
解析: whole 意为“整个的、全部的”。句意:整个城市看起来很美丽。
五、完形填空(共10小题,每题1分)
阅读下面短文,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案填空。
It’s evening. The city is beautiful. Lights are shining 22_________ across the streets. Some people are getting 23________ from work. Taxis are 24_________ up passengers. Other people are not in a 25________. They are walking slowly. “How are you 26________?” a woman asks her friend. “I’m fine, thanks,” her friend answers. They are happy. On the river, boats are moving 27________ down the water. The whole city looks 28________. In New York, yellow cabs are very common. They 29________ up and drop off people all the time. Everyone is enjoying the 30________ time. Some people are 31________ to get home, but others are taking their time.
22. A. bright B. brightly C. brightness
答案: B
解析: 修饰动词 shining 要用副词 brightly。
23. A. home B. to home C. the home
答案: A
解析: get home 固定搭配,home 是副词,不加 to。
24. A. picking B. picks C. pick
答案: A
解析: 现在进行时 are picking up,表示正在搭载。
25. A. hurry B. hurrying C. hurried
答案: A
解析: in a hurry 固定短语,意为“匆忙”。
26. A. do B. doing C. does
答案: B
解析: How are you doing? 固定问候语。
27. A. slow B. slowly C. slower
答案: B
解析: 副词 slowly 修饰动词 moving。
28. A. ugly B. beautiful C. noisy
答案: B
解析: 根据上下文,城市很美丽(beautiful)。
29. A. pick B. picks C. picking
答案: A
解析: 一般现在时,主语 yellow cabs 复数,用动词原形 pick up。
30. A. morning B. evening C. afternoon
答案: B
解析: 文章开头说“It’s evening”,所以是晚上时间。
31. A. rushing B. rushed C. rush
答案: A
解析: 现在进行时 are rushing,表示正在急忙做某事。
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