Unit10知识清单总结2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

该初中英语U10知识清单全面梳理了单元核心内容，涵盖重点单词（名词复数变化、词性转换等）、重点短语及重点句型三大范畴，通过分类整合搭建了从基础词汇积累到功能句型应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以分类分级方式呈现知识体系，如名词复数单列15个核心词并标注复数形式，词性转换关联“care-careful-careless”等派生词培养语言能力，句型分功能与语法类型并配原句示例。特别设计“常考搭配”提示（如“mention doing sth.”）和主题应用场景（如网络活动谈论句型），助力学生高效掌握，既方便自主复习，也为教师教学设计提供精准支持。

U10知识清单总结 重点单词 一、名词复数变化 1. virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ (n.) 病毒 →（pl.）viruses 2. risk /rɪsk/ (n.) 风险；危险 →（pl.）risks 3. address /əˈdres/ (n.) 地址；网址 →（pl.）addresses 4. link /lɪŋk/ (n.) 链接 →（pl.）links 5. partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ (n.) 搭档； →（pl.）partners 6. collection /kəˈlekʃn/ (n.) 收集物；收藏品 →（pl.）collections 7. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ (n.) 产品 →（pl.）products 8. possibility /ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/ (n.) 可能性 →（pl.）possibilities 9. citizen /ˈsɪtɪzn/ (n.) 公民；居民 →（pl.）citizens 10. airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ (n.) 机场 →（pl.）airports 11. passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ (n.) 通道；走廊；章节 →（pl.）passages 12. towel /ˈtaʊəl/ (n.) 毛巾；手巾 →（pl.）towels 13. video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ (n.) 视频；录像系统 →（pl.）videos 14. account /əˈkaʊnt/ (n.) 账户 →（pl.）accounts 15. disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ (n.) 缺点；不利因素 →（pl.）disadvantages 二、词性转换 1. care /keə/ (n./v.) 照顾；关心 →（adj. 认真的、仔细的）careful →（adj. 马虎的）careless →（adv. 认真地）carefully 2. weigh /weɪ/ (v.) 有……重；称重量 →（n. 重量）weight 3. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ (n.) 力量 →（adj. 强有力的；力量大的）powerful 4. amaze /əˈmeɪz/ (v.) 使惊奇 →（adj. 大为惊奇的，修饰人）amazed →（adj. 令人惊奇的，修饰物）amazing 5. safe /seɪf/ (adj.) 安全的 →（adv. 安全地；无危害地）safely →（n. 安全）safety 6. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ (v.) 通信；交流 →（n. 通信；表达；交流）communication 7. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ (v.) 出现 →（v. 消失，反义词）disappear →（n. 消失）disappearance 8. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (v./n.) 判断；认为；法官 →（n. 判断）judgement（英式拼写） 9. limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ (v./n.) 限制；限定 →（adj. 有限的）limited 10. fog /fɒɡ/ (n.) 雾 →（adj. 有雾的）foggy 11. rainstorm /ˈreɪnstɔːm/ (n.) 暴风雨 →（adj. 下雨的）rainy →（adj. 有暴风雨的）stormy 12. pale /peɪl/ (adj.) 苍白的；v. 变苍白 →（adv. 苍白地）palely 13. global /ˈɡləʊbl/ (adj.) 全球的；全世界的 →（n. 地球；球体）globe 14. injure /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ (v.) 受伤 →（adj. 受伤的；有伤的）injured →（n. 伤害）injury 15. scare /skeə(r)/ (v.) 使害怕 →（adj. 害怕；恐惧，修饰人）scared →（adj. 令人害怕的，修饰物）scary 16. help /help/ (v./n.) 帮助 →（adj. 有帮助的）helpful →（adj. 无助的；无自理能力的）helpless 17. normal /ˈnɔːml/ (adj.) 正常的 →（adv. 正常地）normally 18. recent /ˈriːsnt/ (adj.) 近来的；新近的 →（adv. 近来；最近）recently 19. serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ (adj.) 严重的；认真的 →（adv. 严重地；认真地）seriously 20. advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ (n.) 优点 →（n. 缺点；不利因素，反义词）disadvantage 21. social /ˈsəʊʃl/ (adj.) 社交的；社会的 →（n. 社会）society →（adv. 社交地；社会地）socially 22. watch /wɒtʃ/ (v./n.) 观看；手表 →（adj. 警惕的；注意的；提防的）watchful 三、其他重点动词/副词 1. reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ (v., n.) 答复；回答 常考搭配：reply to sb./sth.（回复……） 2. mention /ˈmenʃn/ (v.) 提到；写到；说到 常考搭配：mention doing sth.（提到做某事） 3. cancel /ˈkæns/ (v.) 撤销；取消；终止 过去式/过去分词：cancelled（英式拼写） 4. pour /pɔː(r)/ (v.) （雨）倾盆而下；倒出 常考搭配：pour water（倒水）；It’s pouring.（下大雨） 5. ahead /əˈhed/ (adv.) 在前面；向前；提前 常考搭配：go ahead（前进；请说）；ahead of time（提前） 6. steal /stiːl/ (v.) 窃取；偷 不规则变化：过去式stole / 过去分词stolen 重点短语 1.  search for information 搜索信息 原句：I often use it to search for information. 2.  open an account 开设账户 原句：You can open an account, check balance and do other banking business online. 3.  take online courses 上网课 原句：If you study in this way, you won’t have to go to school. 4.  do banking online 网上办理银行业务 原句：You can open an account, check balance and do other banking business online. 5.  book tickets 预订车票/门票 原句：You can buy tickets before you go on a trip. 6.  download pictures 下载图片 原句：You can copy or save what you like on the internet. 7.  have video chat on social media 在社交媒体上视频聊天 原句：People can see each other and talk face to face on the internet. 释义：通过网络进行视频通话 8.  in seconds 在几秒钟内，很快 原句：It’s so fast that I can find many pictures in seconds. 9.  just like 就像；正如 原句：Just like any other tools, the internet is not perfect. 10.  take a break on time 按时休息 原句：Set a time to go online each day and take a break on time. 11.  keep a simple daily plan 制定简单的日常计划 原句：Keep a simple daily plan for your time online and follow it. 12.  stay healthy and safe 保持健康与安全 原句：So how can we stay healthy and safe while making good use of the internet? 13.  make good use of 充分利用 原句：So how can we stay healthy and safe while making good use of the internet? 14.  be harmful to 对……有害 原句：Too much screen time is harmful to your health. 15.  protect your personal information 保护个人信息 原句：Third, protect your personal information. 16.  double-check a link 仔细检查链接 原句：Double-check a link before you click it. 17.  keep a record 保留记录 原句：Take a picture of the screen and keep a record. 18.  report ... to ... 向……报告…… 原句：If it happens again and again, report it to a teacher or talk to your parents. 19.  come into being 产生；形成 原句：The first electronic computer came into being in 1946 in America. 20.  be part of 是……的一部分 原句：It includes the buying and selling of goods and services on the internet and it is part of the e-business. 21.  pay with e-money 用电子货币支付 原句：People usually pay with e-money, not in cash. 22.  look over your shoulders 回头偷看 原句：Some people may try to look over your shoulders and steal your information. 23.  keep an eye on 密切关注 原句：So, keep an eye on those around you, and keep a safe distance from them. 24.  keep a safe distance 保持安全距离 原句：So, keep an eye on those around you, and keep a safe distance from them. 25.  fill sth. out 填写（表格等） 原句：You need to fill out the form before using the public computer. 26.  make a budget 做预算 原句：Before shopping online, it’s important to make a budget. 27.  take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 原句：We should take action to protect our personal information. 28.  instead of 代替；而不是 原句：People usually pay with e-money, instead of cash. 29.  make the most of 充分利用 原句：By using it wisely, we can make the most of it and stay healthy and safe. 30.  keep off 使……不接近；远离 原句：Keep off unsafe websites to protect your information. 重点句型 一、核心功能句型：谈论网络活动与看法 1.询问/回答网络用途 A:How do you usually use the internet? 你通常怎么使用互联网？ B:I often use it to search for information. 我经常用它来搜索信息。 A:What do you think of the internet? 你觉得互联网怎么样？ B: I think it’s very useful. I can find whatever I want and I can do it much faster than usual. 我觉得它非常有用。我能找到任何我想要的东西，而且比平时快得多。 A: What do you often do on the internet? 你经常在网上做什么？ B: I always read books, watch movies, chat and share photos with my friends. 我总是看书、看电影、聊天，和朋友分享照片。 2.网络故障与感受 1.I hate it when my internet connection is not working. 我讨厌网络断连的时候。 2.The internet really makes our life easier, but it is not all good. 互联网确实让我们的生活更方便，但它并非全是优点。 3.Just like any other tools, the internet is not perfect. 就像其他工具一样，互联网并非完美无缺。 4.We should always be careful when we get online. 我们上网时应该始终保持谨慎。 二、主题阅读句型：如何明智使用互联网 1.So how can we stay healthy and safe while making good use of the internet? 那么，我们该如何在充分利用互联网的同时保持健康与安全呢？ 2.Use the internet to learn new skills and look up useful information. 利用互联网学习新技能、查找有用信息。 3.Keep a simple daily plan for your time online and follow it. 为你的上网时间制定一个简单的日常计划并遵守它。 4.Do not spend too much time online. Too much screen time is harmful to your health. 不要花太多时间上网。过长的屏幕时间对你的健康有害。 5.Protect your personal information. Do not share your password, address, phone number, or ID number with strangers online. 保护你的个人信息。不要在网上和陌生人分享你的密码、地址、电话号码或身份证号。 6.Double-check a link before you click it. 点击链接前仔细检查一下。 7.Take a picture of the screen and keep a record. If it happens again and again, report it to a teacher or talk to your parents. 拍下屏幕并保留记录。如果这种情况反复发生，向老师报告或和你的父母谈谈。 8.By using it wisely, we can make the most of it and stay healthy and safe. 通过明智地使用它，我们可以充分利用它，并保持健康和安全。 三、基础句型与语法：句子结构与前缀构词 1.五种基本句型识别（教材原句） S+V（主谓）: My computer freezes. / My computer suddenly doesn’t work. S+V+P（主系表）: We are part of an online community. / The internet is a worldwide network of computers. S+V+O（主谓宾）: We built a web of our own. / People used pigeons to send messages. S+V+O+O（主谓双宾）: I sent Kangkang an email. / It shows us thousands of search results. S+V+O+C（主谓宾补）: We all found the internet very helpful. / The internet helps us to communicate, learn facts and entertain ourselves. There be句型: There are many advantages and disadvantages of the internet. / There is a lot of different information on the website. 2.前缀tele-/e-构词句型 Teleshopping is shopping on a telephone or television. 电话购物是通过电话或电视进行的购物。 A teleworker works on a computer at home. 远程工作者在家用电脑工作。 An email is a message on the internet. 电子邮件是互联网上的信息。 E-books are digital books designed for reading on electronic screens. 电子书是为在电子屏幕上阅读而设计的数字书籍。 That is e-marketing. It includes the buying and selling of goods and services on the internet and it is part of the e-business. 那就是电子营销。它包括互联网上商品和服务的买卖，是电子商务的一部分。 People usually pay with e-money, not in cash. 人们通常用电子货币支付，而不是现金。 四、写作与口语拓展句型：互联网的影响与个人经历 1.描述互联网的利弊 On the one hand, it is useful and can make our life easier; it is also a good tool to help us relax and enjoy our life. 一方面，它很有用，能让我们的生活更轻松；它也是帮助我们放松和享受生活的好工具。 On the other hand, not everyone on the internet is friendly, and the computer virus is always a big problem. 另一方面，不是互联网上的每个人都很友好，而且计算机病毒一直是个大问题。 2.描述个人网络学习经历 His life changed after he started a new journey of study on the internet. 他的生活在开始了一段新的网络学习之旅后发生了改变。 He spends more than two hours of his weekend studying interesting subjects, from history to science. 他周末花两个多小时学习从历史到科学的有趣科目。 He often reads books in the e-library and joins online study groups. 他经常在电子图书馆看书，参加线上学习小组。 What’s more, Feiyang is amazed by lots of useful information on the internet. 而且，飞扬对互联网上大量有用有用的信息感到惊讶。 The internet opens the door to a new world for Feiyang. 互联网为飞扬打开了通往新世界的大门。   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $