专题01 冠词（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦冠词专题，覆盖不定冠词a/an、定冠词the、零冠词及特殊位置活用等高考核心考点，按命题透视、思维建模、考点精讲、真题溯源的逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（如抽象名词具体化）、方法指导（音素判断技巧）、真题训练（语法填空与翻译）等环节，帮助学生系统构建冠词用法框架，精准突破语境运用难点。 讲义以语言能力和思维品质培养为核心，创新采用“知识解构+考向破译”双路径，如通过表格对比抽象名词具象化转换规则，构建特殊句式冠词位置模型。设置基础考向（音素辨析）、综合考向（语境取舍）分层练习，配合真题溯源感知高考逻辑，确保学生高效掌握解题范式，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

专题01 冠词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 不定冠词 a/an 用法 知识解构 知识点 1 基本语义与用法 知识点 2 音素判断易错点 知识点 3 抽象名词具体化 考向破译 考向 1 a/an 音素辨析填空 考向 2 抽象名词搭配运用 考点二 定冠词 the 用法 知识解构 知识点 1 特指类核心场景 知识点 2 序数词 / 最高级搭配 知识点 3 固定短语汇总 考向破译 考向 1 the+形容词表一类人 考向 2 序数词前冠词判断 考点三 零冠词用法 知识解构 知识点 1 三餐 / 球类 / 学科等常规场景 知识点 2 头衔 / 交通工具用法 知识点 3 特殊句式零冠词规则 考向破译 考向 1 泛指名词零冠词判断 考向 2 语境限定下冠词取舍 考点四 冠词特殊位置与活用 知识解构 知识点 1 such/so/how 等句式冠词位置 知识点 2 名词抽象 / 具象转换冠词规则 考向破译 考向 1 特殊句式冠词填空 考向 2 翻译中冠词综合运用 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 考查形式 近年考题 （1）能区分不定冠词（a/an）和定冠词（the）的基本用法 （2）掌握定冠词的某些特殊用法 （3）在语境中的具体运用 语法填空题 句子翻译题 【2022年上海高考】(30) ______ successful entrepreneur must be able to spend his time wisely, regularly analyzing and prioritizing projects based on their relevance and significance. 【答案】A 【解析】考查不定冠词。这里的entrepreneur为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填入A。句意:一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，有规律地根据项目的相关性和重要性分析和排序。 考情分析： 强调在具体语言环境中对冠词的理解和运用，将冠词的一般规律与特殊现象结合起来，要求考生根据句子的语境、语义以及名词的性质（可数 / 不可数、单数 / 复数、特指 / 泛指等）来正确选择和使用冠词。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握冠词的基本用法和特殊用法； 2. 掌握不定冠词a、an使用的区别； 3. 熟练掌握定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法及在复杂语境中的运用。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 不定冠词 要点1 不定冠词的基本用法 1. 不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain，意为“一个”，或首次提到的泛指的人或事物。 A young manwants to see you. 有个年轻人想见你。 2. 用在某些物质名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。 Green tea isa wonderful tea.绿茶是一种很好的茶。 Whata heavy rain!多大的一场雨啊！ 3．表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个。 A dog is a faithful animal.狗是忠诚的动物。 =Dogs are faithful animals. 4．用在表示数量、长度、时间、重量等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一”相当于every, each, per等。 The car moves 100 milesan hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。 5. 用在序数词前，强调在原有基础上“又，再”。“a/an＋序数词”不表示排序，表示“又一，再一”； When I sat down, a fifth man rose to speak.我坐下后，第五个人又起来发言。 I want a secondcup of coffee.我想再要一杯咖啡。（暗含已经喝了一杯。） 6. 另外，不定冠词a用于“most＋形容词原级”之前无比较含义，表示程度，意为“很，非常”。 He is a most wise man.他是一个非常英明的人。 This is a mosttroublesome case.这是一个很麻烦的案子。 7. 用在of之后，表示属性，意思是“同样，一样”，相当于the same。 They are of an age.他们一样大。 The two rooms are of a size.这两个房间一样大。 8. 抽象名词具体化的情况下，不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，常考的具体化的抽象名词有success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，pity，danger，comfort，honour等。 Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times. 在艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人感到欣慰的事。 9. 用在某些表示情绪的抽象名词前，表示“一种，一类”等。 It’s a pleasure to meet you here.在这儿见到你是一件很高兴的事。 It’s an honor to be invited to the party.很荣幸应邀参加晚会。 要点2 不定冠词a/an易错点 【易错点1】 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a，以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况： 1. 有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音，即该单词的读音实际上是以元音音素开头的，要使用an，如：hour, honest, honor等。 an hour，an honest man。 2. 有些单词以元音字母开头，但该单词的读音实际上是以辅音音素开头，要使用a，如：useful, usual, united, European, one-eyed, one-way等。 a university,a European country, 易错提醒： university中的u读作/ju/, European中的Eu读作/ju/,都以半元音/j/开头， 故其前面用a 不用an。hour中的h不发音，以元音音素开头，故前面用an不用a。 There is an “f” in the word “face”. an h/ l/m//n/x/s等均是依据音素为原因而定。 【易错点】 抽象名词表示具体事物时，变为可数名词，可被a/an修饰，也可以有复数形式。 抽象名词 抽象名词具体化 beauty美 a beauty 美丽的人或事物 success成功 a success 成功的人或事 failure失败 a failure 失败的人或事 comfort安慰，舒适 a comfort 令人感到安慰的人或事 danger危险 a danger一个危险分子 surprise吃惊 a surprise 令人感到惊讶的人或事 pleasure开心 a pleasure 令人感到高兴的人或事 wonder奇迹 a wonder 令人感到惊奇的人或事/奇迹 shock震惊，休克 a shock 令人感到震惊的人或事 honour荣誉，荣耀 an honour 令人感到荣耀的人或事 worry烦恼 a worry 令人感到烦恼的人或事 知识点2 定冠词 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 知识点3 零冠词 要点1 零冠词基本用法和易错点 1. 不可数名词、复数名词表示泛指，用零冠词。 Children like cartoons.孩子们喜欢卡通片。 Music can bring people pleasure.音乐可以给人带来愉悦。 2. 名词前面有this, that ,my, your, some ,each, no, any, kind of ,type of等指示代词、物主代词、不定代词以及名词所有格等限定词作定语时不用冠词。 She is not my type of woman.她不是我心目中的那类女人。 Books of this kind are very popular with young people.这类书很受年轻人欢迎。 3 .表示独一无二的的职位、头衔的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时不用冠词。 Mr Smith, head of the group, will plan for the whole trip. 小组的头头史密斯先生将全面制定这次旅行的计划。 Jim was made monitor for this month.吉姆当选这个月的班长。 4. 人名、地名、国名、城市、街道和词首为Mount的山前不加冠词。 Chang’an Street长安街； Tian’an Men Square天安门广场； Yale University耶鲁大学 Mount Tai泰山； 5. 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科、球类、棋类等名称前一般不加冠词。 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 【名师提醒】1.专有名词、不可数名词（包括物质名词、抽象名词）、人名、称呼语、头衔、职务、季节、年代、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称、球类、棋类和表示泛指的名词前都不用冠词。 如：China, Canada, James, Shanghai, Saturday, Women’s Day等。但上述类名词如果被一个限制性定语所修饰，表示特定的一个，要加定冠词the。如果表示该类名词中一个具有类似属性的普通一员时，名词前要用不定冠词a/an。2.中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词。 例1. He joined the party in theSpring of 2021.他在2021年的春天入了党。 例2. Thebreakfast today was terrible.今天的早饭糟透了。 例3. We hada wonderful supper. 我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 例4. The old couple sat together, enjoying a bright moon.那对老夫妇坐在一起欣赏一轮明月。 例5. the Spring Festival春节； the Mid autumn Day中秋节； 6. 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 by bike/car/ship/plane/air/train乘自行车/汽车/轮船/飞机/飞机/火车 易错提醒：take a bus, in a boat, on the train/bus结构中需用冠词。 7．在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词前不加冠词。 Child as/though she is, she knows too much French.尽管她是一个孩子，但她懂很多法语。 Boy as/though he is, Jack has traveled to quite a few countries. 尽管杰克还是个孩子，他已经去很多国家旅行过。 8．系动词turn后跟表职业的名词时，名词前不加冠词。 例1.The young girl has turned writer.这个年轻女孩已经成为一位作家。 →The young girl has become a writer. →The young girl has turned a famous writer. 例2. I want to turn lawyer when I grow up. 我长大后想成为律师。 名师提醒：turn后的名词前如果有形容词作定语时，需加冠词。 9. Man泛指“人类”，word指“消息”时，其前不用冠词。 can conquer nature.人定胜天。 came that he would be sent abroad.消息传来他将被派出国。 10．不可数名词不能与不定冠词连用。高考中常见的不可数名词有：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space (太空), advice, progress, information, news, luck, wealth (财产)等。 Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing butspace. 除了星星，那个宇航员只看见太空，看不到别的东西。 知识点4 冠词的位置 要点1 冠词的位置 1. 冠词与名词连用时，总是置于名词之前。如果名词有形容词修饰，冠词常放于修饰词之前。 2. 位于such之后，形容词之前。 例.It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it. 这是一副如此不寻常的画作，以至于每个人都想看看。 3. 在“as/so/too+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”结构中，不定冠词放在形容词之后。 例1.It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本书对初学者来说太难了。 例2.It is widely believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人名普遍认为教学既是一门艺术优势一门科学。 4. quite, rather与可数名词单数连用时，不定冠词放在其后。其后面有形容词修饰时，不定冠词放在rather/quite前后都可。 例1.He is rather a fool. 他是个大傻瓜。 例2.The earth shook quite a while.大地抖动了好大一会儿。 例3.It was rather a / a rather hot day.当时天气相当热。 5. 在what引导的感叹句中，不定冠词位于what之后；在how引导的感叹句中，不定冠词位于how修饰的形容词之后。 例1.What an interesting role she played in the film!她在电影里扮演了一个多么有趣的角色啊！ 例2. He didn’t know how great a mistake he had made.他不知道自己犯了一个多大的错误。 6. 名词前有all, both, double, half, twice, three times等修饰，冠词位于该类词之后，名词之前。 例1. All the students went to park yesterday.所有的学生昨天都去公园了。 例2. Both the teachers are from America.这两个老师都来自美国。 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查不定冠词用法 1. Ge said that Pingtan faces unique challenge: to lack of the audience. 2. Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, then he goes to work. 3.The Xinjiang nang industry has played key role in poverty alleviation (减贫) too, aiming to create a more innovative and powerful mode of industrial development. 4.Kua Fu could not stop for instant, and he ran like wind all the way, struggling to catch up. 5. I’m here to watch the spring rush in action: over a few short weeks in March and April, planters will race against the sunrise to pick the early spring harvest, earning them sizable amount of their annual income. 6．As consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. 7．It can be big headache for the working parents to find reliable childcare during the busy holiday season.8．People have tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 9．It is evident that AI will have impact on people’s lives in the future. 10. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, which was written about 2,500 years ago. 考向2 考查定冠词用法 1．There, I would always see same elderly lady feeding the pigeons. 2．Army helicopters tried to evacuate injured after the earthquake. 3．“Solving problem of plastic pollution is important. Landfill space is becoming limited,” says Wu, a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor. 4．She was under extreme pressure moment she heard a familiar but horrible voice coming out of the room. 5. The Yellow River basin is home to a lot of cultural relics, ancient documents and other important cultural heritage, and their protection is a very important part of the river’s protection and governance, since it is of irreplaceable significance to promoting inheritance (继承) of Chinese civilization. 6. The launch of Tianzhou-5 will be 200th launch mission for the Xichang Satellite Launch Center this year, as well as the last one for the Wenchang launch site this year. 7. Of course, showing respect and admiration to old is a Chinese tradition dating back to ancient times, and therefore the people easily and readily support this day.8. By tackling infrastructure differences in developing countries,______ initiative is helping break obstacles that have long limited their development. 9. In China, food deliverymen are always in a rush on the road regardless of wind or rain. Though they make our life more convenient, this can come at cost of their life. 10. Events like rhythmic gymnastics and women’s boxing all achieved the breakthrough of zero Olympic gold medals, and the freestyle BMX (小轮车) event even won first Olympic gold medal. 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 冠词在语法填空题中考查 例1（2025~2026学年静安区二模） “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. 例2（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. 例3（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） From music to clothing brands, we love the things we know because we know them, and therefore we love them. But there is a physiological explanation in our desire to seek comfort in ____6____ familiar. 例4【2025·上海虹口·一模】 However, buying ____2____ awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. 例5 【2025·上海闵行·二模】 The academy offers two options: 5 on-campus, residential program over three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home program over two weeks for all experience levels. 例6【2025·上海虹口·二模】 Sometimes, the best opportunities come from saying yes to 10 unexpected, from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it. 例7【2025·上海杨浦·一模】 “I hated assigned reading in school,” said Kortney Webster, ___5___ member of this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. 例8【2024·上海闵行·一模】 Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. Even though it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires ____2____ expert pair of ears. 例9【2024·上海静安·一模】 The current Technical Intern Training Program between Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia, under ________ Economic Partnership Agreement, was extended to include nursing care as well as agriculture, fishery, and construction sectors. 例10【上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题】 We can trace the roots of chai back to ancient India. The earliest form of chai was 2 mixture of herbs and spices. …. 例11【上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题】 They love you. They want to help you. And in _____20_____ way, they are raising you up too. You grow together. 例12【上海市复旦大学附属中学2023年高三月考试题】 Helen Skelton was brought up on a remote farm, and her family wasn't full of "runners and rock climbers". However, she has since travelled the world on ____1____ series of record breaking adventures. 题型2 冠词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 【2025·上海虹口·二模】 请问地球绕太阳公转如何影响昼夜长短的变化？(orbit) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例2【2025·上海虹口·二模】 民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)   _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例3【2025·上海闵行·二模】 这座拥有百年历史的图书馆坐落于市中心，馆藏丰富，读者可以在这里找到各种珍贵的书籍。(whose) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例4【2025·上海浦东新·二模】 太阳破云而出，驴友们不禁啧啧称奇。(can’t help) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例5【2025·上海嘉定·二模】 本届音乐节的主题是“春天的律动”，这将为观众带来一场充满春天气息与艺术魅力的视听盛会。(present) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例6【2025·上海静安·二模】 无论雨天还是晴天，每周四的校园露天音乐会都会吸引大批学生观众，使之成为校园 生活一道亮丽的风景线。(which) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例7【2025·上海宝山·二模】 虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤，但排队的队伍井然有序，学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。(order) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例8【2025·上海青浦·二模】 随着越来越多的人向往自然，崇尚简单和谐的生活方式，该县户外经济蓬勃发展，其收入有望在明年年底达到全县总收入的百分之十二。 (expect) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例9【2025·上海黄浦·二模】 这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客，一时无所适从。(number) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例10【2025·上海长宁·二模】 在研发团队的共同努力下，一种平价新药即将问世。(horizon) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例11 【2025·上海浦东新区·一模】 你能帮我去文具店买一把三角尺吗？(favour) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例12【2025·上海嘉定·一模】 这位外国记者说，作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人，回到上海就有到家的感觉。 (feel) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例13【2025·上海虹口·一模】 不少艺人走上街头传播多种艺术形式的同时，也传递正能量，为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息。(atmosphere) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 例14【2025·上海徐汇·一模】 房间里堆满了主人从世界各地收来的古董。(fill) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例15【2025·上海杨浦·一模】 在90年代，这种疾病因其复杂性，曾被误诊为流感类疾病，如今人们已经认识到它是一种罕见的精神障碍。(whose) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例16（2025~2026学年金山区二模） 53. 如果不良习惯持续存在，就可能对我们的健康构成威胁。(pose) __________________________________________________________________________________ 例17（2025~2026学年松江区二模） 52. 每天做点洗碗之类的家务活对培养耐心很管用。(effect) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 例18（2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） 52. 元宵节当天，志愿者们忙着在社区准备节日庆祝活动。（engage）（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 例19（2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） 52. 亲爱的班长，你能在我的毕业相册上签名并写一句祝福吗？（sign）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 例20（2025~2026学年长宁区二模） 52. 邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 例21（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） 52. 良好的沟通在任何关系中都很重要。(role) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 冠词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 不定冠词 a/an 用法 知识解构 知识点 1 基本语义与用法 知识点 2 音素判断易错点 知识点 3 抽象名词具体化 考向破译 考向 1 a/an 音素辨析填空 考向 2 抽象名词搭配运用 考点二 定冠词 the 用法 知识解构 知识点 1 特指类核心场景 知识点 2 序数词 / 最高级搭配 知识点 3 固定短语汇总 考向破译 考向 1 the+形容词表一类人 考向 2 序数词前冠词判断 考点三 零冠词用法 知识解构 知识点 1 三餐 / 球类 / 学科等常规场景 知识点 2 头衔 / 交通工具用法 知识点 3 特殊句式零冠词规则 考向破译 考向 1 泛指名词零冠词判断 考向 2 语境限定下冠词取舍 考点四 冠词特殊位置与活用 知识解构 知识点 1 such/so/how 等句式冠词位置 知识点 2 名词抽象 / 具象转换冠词规则 考向破译 考向 1 特殊句式冠词填空 考向 2 翻译中冠词综合运用 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 考查形式 近年考题 （1）能区分不定冠词（a/an）和定冠词（the）的基本用法 （2）掌握定冠词的某些特殊用法 （3）在语境中的具体运用 语法填空题 句子翻译题 【2022年上海高考】(30) ______ successful entrepreneur must be able to spend his time wisely, regularly analyzing and prioritizing projects based on their relevance and significance. 【答案】A 【解析】考查不定冠词。这里的entrepreneur为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填入A。句意:一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，有规律地根据项目的相关性和重要性分析和排序。 考情分析： 强调在具体语言环境中对冠词的理解和运用，将冠词的一般规律与特殊现象结合起来，要求考生根据句子的语境、语义以及名词的性质（可数 / 不可数、单数 / 复数、特指 / 泛指等）来正确选择和使用冠词。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握冠词的基本用法和特殊用法； 2. 掌握不定冠词a、an使用的区别； 3. 熟练掌握定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法及在复杂语境中的运用。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 不定冠词 要点1 不定冠词的基本用法 1. 不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain，意为“一个”，或首次提到的泛指的人或事物。 A young man wants to see you. 有个年轻人想见你。 2. 用在某些物质名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。 Green tea is a wonderful tea.绿茶是一种很好的茶。 What a heavy rain!多大的一场雨啊！ 3．表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个。 A dog is a faithful animal.狗是忠诚的动物。 =Dogs are faithful animals. 4．用在表示数量、长度、时间、重量等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一”相当于every, each, per等。 The car moves 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。 5. 用在序数词前，强调在原有基础上“又，再”。“a/an＋序数词”不表示排序，表示“又一，再一”； When I sat down, a fifth man rose to speak.我坐下后，第五个人又起来发言。 I want a second cup of coffee.我想再要一杯咖啡。（暗含已经喝了一杯。） 6. 另外，不定冠词a用于“most＋形容词原级”之前无比较含义，表示程度，意为“很，非常”。 He is a most wise man.他是一个非常英明的人。 This is a most troublesome case.这是一个很麻烦的案子。 7. 用在of之后，表示属性，意思是“同样，一样”，相当于the same。 They are of an age.他们一样大。 The two rooms are of a size.这两个房间一样大。 8. 抽象名词具体化的情况下，不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，常考的具体化的抽象名词有success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，pity，danger，comfort，honour等。 Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times. 在艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人感到欣慰的事。 9. 用在某些表示情绪的抽象名词前，表示“一种，一类”等。 It’s a pleasure to meet you here.在这儿见到你是一件很高兴的事。 It’s an honor to be invited to the party.很荣幸应邀参加晚会。 要点2 不定冠词a/an易错点 【易错点1】 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a，以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况： 1. 有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音，即该单词的读音实际上是以元音音素开头的，要使用an，如：hour, honest, honor等。 an hour，an honest man。 2. 有些单词以元音字母开头，但该单词的读音实际上是以辅音音素开头，要使用a，如：useful, usual, united, European, one-eyed, one-way等。 a university, a European country, 易错提醒： university中的u读作/ju/, European中的Eu读作/ju/,都以半元音/j/开头， 故其前面用a 不用an。hour中的h不发音，以元音音素开头，故前面用an不用a。 There is an “f” in the word “face”. an h/ l/m//n/x/s等均是依据音素为原因而定。 【易错点】 抽象名词表示具体事物时，变为可数名词，可被a/an修饰，也可以有复数形式。 抽象名词 抽象名词具体化 beauty美 a beauty 美丽的人或事物 success成功 a success 成功的人或事 failure失败 a failure 失败的人或事 comfort安慰，舒适 a comfort 令人感到安慰的人或事 danger危险 a danger一个危险分子 surprise吃惊 a surprise 令人感到惊讶的人或事 pleasure开心 a pleasure 令人感到高兴的人或事 wonder奇迹 a wonder 令人感到惊奇的人或事/奇迹 shock震惊，休克 a shock 令人感到震惊的人或事 honour荣誉，荣耀 an honour 令人感到荣耀的人或事 worry烦恼 a worry 令人感到烦恼的人或事 知识点2 定冠词 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 知识点3 零冠词 要点1 零冠词基本用法和易错点 1. 不可数名词、复数名词表示泛指，用零冠词。 Children like cartoons.孩子们喜欢卡通片。 Music can bring people pleasure.音乐可以给人带来愉悦。 2. 名词前面有this, that ,my, your, some ,each, no, any, kind of ,type of等指示代词、物主代词、不定代词以及名词所有格等限定词作定语时不用冠词。 She is not my type of woman.她不是我心目中的那类女人。 Books of this kind are very popular with young people.这类书很受年轻人欢迎。 3 .表示独一无二的的职位、头衔的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时不用冠词。 Mr Smith, head of the group, will plan for the whole trip. 小组的头头史密斯先生将全面制定这次旅行的计划。 Jim was made monitor for this month.吉姆当选这个月的班长。 4. 人名、地名、国名、城市、街道和词首为Mount的山前不加冠词。 Chang’an Street长安街； Tian’an Men Square天安门广场； Yale University耶鲁大学 Mount Tai泰山； 5. 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科、球类、棋类等名称前一般不加冠词。 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 【名师提醒】1.专有名词、不可数名词（包括物质名词、抽象名词）、人名、称呼语、头衔、职务、季节、年代、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称、球类、棋类和表示泛指的名词前都不用冠词。 如：China, Canada, James, Shanghai, Saturday, Women’s Day等。但上述类名词如果被一个限制性定语所修饰，表示特定的一个，要加定冠词the。如果表示该类名词中一个具有类似属性的普通一员时，名词前要用不定冠词a/an。2.中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词。 例1. He joined the party in the Spring of 2021.他在2021年的春天入了党。 例2. The breakfast today was terrible.今天的早饭糟透了。 例3. We had a wonderful supper. 我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 例4. The old couple sat together, enjoying a bright moon.那对老夫妇坐在一起欣赏一轮明月。 例5. the Spring Festival春节； the Mid autumn Day中秋节； 6. 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 by bike/car/ship/plane/air/train乘自行车/汽车/轮船/飞机/飞机/火车 易错提醒：take a bus, in a boat, on the train/bus结构中需用冠词。 7．在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词前不加冠词。 Child as/though she is, she knows too much French.尽管她是一个孩子，但她懂很多法语。 Boy as/though he is, Jack has traveled to quite a few countries. 尽管杰克还是个孩子，他已经去很多国家旅行过。 8．系动词turn后跟表职业的名词时，名词前不加冠词。 例1.The young girl has turned writer.这个年轻女孩已经成为一位作家。 →The young girl has become a writer. →The young girl has turned a famous writer. 例2. I want to turn lawyer when I grow up. 我长大后想成为律师。 名师提醒：turn后的名词前如果有形容词作定语时，需加冠词。 9. Man泛指“人类”，word指“消息”时，其前不用冠词。 Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。 Word came that he would be sent abroad.消息传来他将被派出国。 10．不可数名词不能与不定冠词连用。高考中常见的不可数名词有：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space (太空), advice, progress, information, news, luck, wealth (财产)等。 Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space. 除了星星，那个宇航员只看见太空，看不到别的东西。 知识点4 冠词的位置 要点1 冠词的位置 1. 冠词与名词连用时，总是置于名词之前。如果名词有形容词修饰，冠词常放于修饰词之前。 2. 位于such之后，形容词之前。 例.It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it. 这是一副如此不寻常的画作，以至于每个人都想看看。 3. 在“as/so/too+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”结构中，不定冠词放在形容词之后。 例1.It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本书对初学者来说太难了。 例2.It is widely believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人名普遍认为教学既是一门艺术优势一门科学。 4. quite, rather与可数名词单数连用时，不定冠词放在其后。其后面有形容词修饰时，不定冠词放在rather/quite前后都可。 例1.He is rather a fool. 他是个大傻瓜。 例2.The earth shook quite a while.大地抖动了好大一会儿。 例3.It was rather a / a rather hot day.当时天气相当热。 5. 在what引导的感叹句中，不定冠词位于what之后；在how引导的感叹句中，不定冠词位于how修饰的形容词之后。 例1.What an interesting role she played in the film!她在电影里扮演了一个多么有趣的角色啊！ 例2. He didn’t know how great a mistake he had made.他不知道自己犯了一个多大的错误。 6. 名词前有all, both, double, half, twice, three times等修饰，冠词位于该类词之后，名词之前。 例1. All the students went to park yesterday.所有的学生昨天都去公园了。 例2. Both the teachers are from America.这两个老师都来自美国。 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查不定冠词用法 1. Ge said that Pingtan faces unique challenge: to lack of the audience. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：葛说，评弹面临着一个独特的挑战：缺乏观众。名词challenge为可数名词，泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，unique是以辅音音素开头的。故填a。 【答案】a 2. Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, then he goes to work. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：他每天早上花一小时锻炼身体，然后去上班。根据句意，此处表示“一个小时”，应用不定冠词，且hour发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 【答案】an 3.The Xinjiang nang industry has played key role in poverty alleviation (减贫) too, aiming to create a more innovative and powerful mode of industrial development. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：新疆的馕产业也在减贫中发挥了关键作用，旨在创造一个更具创新性和更强大的产业发展模式。短语play a role in表示“在……中起作用”，key的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。 【答案】a 4.Kua Fu could not stop for instant, and he ran like wind all the way, struggling to catch up. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：夸父一刻也停不下来，他像风一样一路狂奔，奋力追赶。固定短语for an instant表示“片刻，一瞬间”。故填an。 【答案】an 5. I’m here to watch the spring rush in action: over a few short weeks in March and April, planters will race against the sunrise to pick the early spring harvest, earning them sizable amount of their annual income. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我在这里观看春潮的活动：在3月和4月的短短几周内，种植者们将与日出赛跑，采摘早春的收获，为他们赚取可观的年收入。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一笔可观的年收入，应用不定冠词，且sizable的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 【答案】a 6．As consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，孩子们变得如此依赖父母，以至于他们没有独立的思考或创造性的想法。as a consequence为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。 7．It can be big headache for the working parents to find reliable childcare during the busy holiday season.【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：对于工作的父母来说，在繁忙的假期里找到可靠的托儿服务是一件很头疼的事情。该句为“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”结构，结合句意可知，headache指的是“一件令人头疼的事”为泛指意义，所以此处使用不定冠词，big的首个音素为辅音音素，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．People have tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：人们总是倾向于他们感兴趣的东西。短语have a tendency to表示“倾向于”。故填a。 9．It is evident that AI will have impact on people’s lives in the future. 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：很明显，人工智能将在未来对人们的生活产生影响。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语have an impact on…，意为“对……产生影响”，空格处应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, which was written about 2,500 years ago. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：因此，3000多年前的古蜀人就已经具备了良好的天文和自然知识。possess a good knowledge of“拥有……的知识”，固定短语。故填a。 【答案】a 考向2 考查定冠词用法 1．There, I would always see same elderly lady feeding the pigeons. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老太太在喂鸽子。same前需要使用定冠词the。故填the。 2．Army helicopters tried to evacuate injured after the earthquake. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：地震后，军用直升机试图疏散伤者。“the + 形容词” 表示一类人，the injured表示“伤者；受伤的人”。根据句意，故填the。 3．“Solving problem of plastic pollution is important. Landfill space is becoming limited,” says Wu, a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：“解决塑料污染问题很重要。垃圾填埋场的空间越来越有限，”斯坦福大学环境工程讲师吴说。此处的问题特指“塑料污染问题”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 4．She was under extreme pressure moment she heard a familiar but horrible voice coming out of the room. 【答案】the 【详解】考查时间的状语从句。句意：当她听到一个熟悉但可怕的声音从房间里传出时，她承受着巨大的压力。空格前面是主句“She was under extreme pressure”，表示她处于极大的压力之下。空格后面是时间的状语从句，这是一个描述具体时间的状语从句，表示“当她听到一个熟悉但可怕的声音从房间里传出来时”，“the moment” 是一个常用的短语，用于表示“一……就，当……的时候”，引导时间的状语从句。故填the。 5. The Yellow River basin is home to a lot of cultural relics, ancient documents and other important cultural heritage, and their protection is a very important part of the river’s protection and governance, since it is of irreplaceable significance to promoting inheritance (继承) of Chinese civilization. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：黄河流域拥有大量的文物、古代文献和其他重要的文化遗产，它们的保护是河流保护和治理的重要组成部分，因为它对促进中华文明的传承具有不可替代的意义。由空后的“of Chinese civilization”可知，设空处应填定冠词，为特指意义，表示“中华文明的传承”。故填the。 【答案】the 6. The launch of Tianzhou-5 will be 200th launch mission for the Xichang Satellite Launch Center this year, as well as the last one for the Wenchang launch site this year. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：天舟五号的发射将是西昌卫星发射中心今年的第200次发射任务，也是文昌发射场今年的最后一次发射任务。200th为序数词，前面由定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【答案】the 7. Of course, showing respect and admiration to old is a Chinese tradition dating back to ancient times, and therefore the people easily and readily support this day. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：当然，敬老是中国自古以来的传统，因此人们很容易支持这一天。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查the+形容词，表示一类的意思。故填the。 8. By tackling infrastructure differences in developing countries,______ initiative is helping break obstacles that have long limited their development. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：通过解决发展中国家的基础设施差异，该倡议正在帮助打破长期限制其发展的障碍。根据句意可知，此处特指“一带一路”倡议，应用定冠词the。故填the。 9. In China, food deliverymen are always in a rush on the road regardless of wind or rain. Though they make our life more convenient, this can come at cost of their life. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：在中国，不管刮风下雨，送餐员总是在路上匆匆忙忙地赶路。虽然他们使我们的生活更方便，但这可能是以他们的生命为代价的。at the cost of“以……为代价”为固定短语。故填the。 【答案】the 10. Events like rhythmic gymnastics and women’s boxing all achieved the breakthrough of zero Olympic gold medals, and the freestyle BMX (小轮车) event even won first Olympic gold medal. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：艺术体操和女子拳击等项目都实现了零奥运金牌的突破，自由式BMX项目甚至获得了第一枚奥运金牌。分析句子可知，序数词first前应用定冠词the，这里表“第一枚奥运金牌”。故填the。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 冠词在语法填空题中考查 例1（2025~2026学年静安区二模） “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. 【答案】 3. an 考查冠词。句意：“非洲仍然是一个数据极度匮乏的地区，”阿米尼公司的首席执行官兼创始人凯特·卡洛特说道。该公司成立于2022年，是一家专注于环境数据的公司。此处firm为泛指，且environmental是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 例2（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. 【答案】 6. None 考查代词。句意：这些发明都不是通过遵守规则，而是通过打破常规创造出来的。根据上文“The telescope opened the skies. Gene (基因) editing was hard until Crispr technology simplified it. And it’s been less than three years...ChatGPT shocked the world with what it could do. Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition.”可知，上文列举了多个发明创造，句子为否定句，应用不定代词none，表示“三者及以上都不”，句首单词首字母大写。故填None。 例3（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） From music to clothing brands, we love the things we know because we know them, and therefore we love them. But there is a physiological explanation in our desire to seek comfort in ____6____ familiar. 【答案】 6. the 【6题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但是，我们渴望在熟悉的事物中寻求安慰是有生理学解释的。“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物，the familiar意为“熟悉的事物”。故填the。 例4【2025·上海虹口·一模】 However, buying ____2____ awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. 【答案】 an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：然而，买一大堆你不需要的东西，比如新衣服，对环境是有害的。此处是固定搭配：an awful lot of意为“大量”。故填an。 例5 【2025·上海闵行·二模】 The academy offers two options: 5 on-campus, residential program over three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home program over two weeks for all experience levels. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：学院提供两种选择：一个为期三周的针对有新闻经验学生的校园住宿项目，以及一个为期两周的适合所有经验水平的在家学习项目。program为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个校园住宿项目”，且on-campus发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 例6【2025·上海虹口·二模】 Sometimes, the best opportunities come from saying yes to 10 unexpected, from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：有时候，最好的机会来自于对意外之事说 “是”，来自于走出你的舒适区。“the + 形容词” 表示一类事物，这里 “the unexpected” 表示 “意外的事情”。故填the。 例7【2025·上海杨浦·一模】 “I hated assigned reading in school,” said Kortney Webster, ___5___ member of this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：“我讨厌学校布置的阅读，”科特尼·韦伯斯特摇着头说，她自2019年成立以来一直是这个俱乐部的成员。此处是固定搭配：a member of意为“……的一员”。故填a。 例8【2024·上海闵行·一模】 Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. Even though it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires ____2____ expert pair of ears. 【答案】 an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：即使这比在灌木丛下挖掘寻找踪迹要容易得多，但这样的分析也很耗时。它还需要一双专业的耳朵。a pair of是固定搭配，意为“一双……”，expert以元音因素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 例9【2024·上海静安·一模】 The current Technical Intern Training Program between Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia, under ________ Economic Partnership Agreement, was extended to include nursing care as well as agriculture, fishery, and construction sectors. 【答案】 an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：目前，越南、菲律宾和印度尼西亚之间根据经济伙伴关系协定开展的技术实习生培训计划已扩大到包括护理、农业、渔业和建筑部门。Agreement为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且Economic发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 例10【上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题】 We can trace the roots of chai back to ancient India. The earliest form of chai was 2 mixture of herbs and spices. …. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：最早的印度奶茶是一种香草和香料的混合物。空处表示泛指，意为“一种香草和香料的混合物”，应用不定冠词，且mixture的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 例11【上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题】 They love you. They want to help you. And in _____20_____ way, they are raising you up too. You grow together. 【答案】 a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：在某种程度上，他们也在支持你。表示“在某种程度上”短语为in a way。故填a。 例12【上海市复旦大学附属中学2023年高三月考试题】 Helen Skelton was brought up on a remote farm, and her family wasn't full of "runners and rock climbers". However, she has since travelled the world on ____1____ series of record breaking adventures. 【答案】. a 【解析】考查冠词。根据空后的“series of”可知，此处应填不定冠词a，构成固定短语a series of，意为“一系列”。故填a。 题型2 冠词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 【2025·上海虹口·二模】 请问地球绕太阳公转如何影响昼夜长短的变化？(orbit) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How does the Earth’s orbit around the Sun affect (the changes in) the length of day and night? 【解析】主语 “地球绕太阳公转” 用 “the Earth’s” 表特指地球，“around the Sun” 中 Sun 是专有名词需加 the；“昼夜长短的变化” 中 “the length of day and night” 表特指昼夜长度，可添加 “the changes in” 使表达更流畅，也可省略。以 “How” 引导，用一般现在时，主语第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式，构成疑问语序，翻译为 “How does the Earth’s orbit around the Sun affect (the changes in) the length of day and night?”。 例2【2025·上海虹口·二模】 民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)   _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is a growing tendency to integrate traditional customs with/into new technologies in a folk celebration ceremony. Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technologies. 【解析】表示“某处有(存在)某 人或某物”，其结构为 There be句型；“趋势”用名词tendency，后接不定式作后置定语；“a growing tendency” 中 “a” 表泛指一种趋势，“in a folk celebration ceremony” 中 “a” 同理，表泛指一个民俗庆典，也可写成 “Folk celebration ceremonies are...”，此时表泛指民俗庆典活动，不加冠词。“与……交相辉映”用短语integrate /combine…with…；“传统习俗”翻译为traditional customs；“新技术”翻译为new technologies；“民俗庆典”翻译为folk celebration ceremony。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为There is a growing tendency to integrate traditional customs with/into new technologies in a folk celebration ceremony./Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technology. 例3【2025·上海闵行·二模】 这座拥有百年历史的图书馆坐落于市中心，馆藏丰富，读者可以在这里找到各种珍贵的书籍。(whose) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The century-old library is located in the city center, whose collection is extensive, and readers can find a variety of rare books here. The century-old library, whose location is in the city center, has an extensive collection, and readers can find a variety of precious books here. Located in the city center, the library, whose history spans over a century, has a rich collection, and readers can find a variety of precious books here. 【解析】 “the century-old library” 表特指这座有百年历史的图书馆，“in the city center” 中 “the” 表特指市中心，“a variety of rare books” 中 “a” 表泛指各种珍贵书籍。用 “whose” 引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 library，用相应短语和结构翻译各部分，陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为The century-old library is located in the city center, whose collection is extensive, and readers can find a variety of rare books here./The century-old library, whose location is in the city center, has an extensive collection, and readers can find a variety of precious books here./Located in the city center, the library, whose history spans over a century, has a rich collection, and readers can find a variety of precious books here. 例4【2025·上海浦东新·二模】 太阳破云而出，驴友们不禁啧啧称奇。(can’t help) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hikers/Tourists couldn’t help but marvel at the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds. 【解析】 “the sun” 特指太阳，“the clouds” 泛指云朵。用 “Hikers/Tourists couldn’t help but...” 结构表过去发生的事， “marvel at the sight of...”；表示“驴友们”应用Hikers/Tourists；表示“不禁”应用can’t help but do，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“对……感到惊讶”应用marvel at；表示“太阳破云而出”应用the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds。故翻译成：Hikers/Tourists couldn’t help but marvel at the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds.。 例5【2025·上海嘉定·二模】 本届音乐节的主题是“春天的律动”，这将为观众带来一场充满春天气息与艺术魅力的视听盛会。(present) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The theme of this year’s music festival is “Rhythm of Spring”, which will present the audience with an audio-visual feast full of spring vitality and artistic charm. 【解析】 “the theme” 表特指主题，“this year’s music festival” 特指今年音乐节，“an audio-visual feast” 泛指一场视听盛宴。主句表本届音乐节主题，从句用 “which” 引导非限制性定语从句表将为观众带来的盛会，答案为 “The theme of this year’s music festival is “Rhythm of Spring”, which will present the audience with an audio-visual feast full of spring vitality and artistic charm.”。 例6【2025·上海静安·二模】 无论雨天还是晴天，每周四的校园露天音乐会都会吸引大批学生观众，使之成为校园 生活一道亮丽的风景线。(which) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether it rains or shines, the open-air campus concert every Thursday attracts a large number of student audiences, which has become a beautiful scene in campus life. 【解析】 “a large number of student audiences” 中 “a” 泛指大批学生观众，“a beautiful scene” 泛指一道亮丽风景。用 “whether…or…” 引导让步状语从句，“attracts a large number of...” 表经常习惯性动作，用一般现在时，“which has become...” 用现在完成时表对现在的影响，答案为 “Whether it rains or shines, the open-air campus concert every Thursday attracts a large number of student audiences, which has become a beautiful scene in campus life.”。 例7【2025·上海宝山·二模】 虽然学校餐厅人潮拥挤，但排队的队伍井然有序，学生们打好饭都能找到一张桌子坐下来用餐。(order) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although the school cafeteria was crowded, the waiting lines were still in good order and all the students could find a table to sit at after they got their food. 【解析】 “the school cafeteria” 特指学校餐厅，“the waiting lines” 特指排队队伍，“a table” 泛指一张桌子，“their food” 表特指他们打好饭。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“虽然”是although，引导让步状语从句，“学校餐厅”是the school cafeteria，“人潮拥挤”是be crowded，主语the school cafeteria是单数，因此be动词用was，“排队的队伍”是the waiting lines，“（仍然）井然有序”是be still in good order，主语lines是复数，be动词用were，“学生们都能”是all the students could，“找到一张桌子坐下来用餐”是find a table to sit at，“打好饭”是after they got their food，after引导的时间状语从句。故答案为Although the school cafeteria was crowded, the waiting lines were still in good order and all the students could find a table to sit at after they got their food. 例8【2025·上海青浦·二模】 随着越来越多的人向往自然，崇尚简单和谐的生活方式，该县户外经济蓬勃发展，其收入有望在明年年底达到全县总收入的百分之十二。 (expect) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As an increasing number of people long for nature and embrace simple and harmonious lifestyles, the outdoor economy prospers in that county, whose income is expected to take up 12 percent of the total income of the county by the end of next year. 【解析】“an increasing number of people” 泛指越来越多的人，“the outdoor economy” 特指户外经济，“the total income of the county” 特指全县总收入。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句应为连词As表示“随着……”引导的时间状语从句，表示“有望做某事”应为动词短语be expected to do；表示“达到全县总收入的百分之十二”应为动词短语take up 12 percent of the total income of the county；表示“明年年底”应为介词短语by the end of next year。故翻译为：As an increasing number of people long for nature and embrace simple and harmonious lifestyles, the outdoor economy prospers in that county, whose income is expected to take up 12 percent of the total income of the county by the end of next year. 例9【2025·上海黄浦·二模】 这座北方冰城面对突如其来的大批游客，一时无所适从。(number) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The sudden arrival of a large number of tourists left this northern ice city at a loss. This northern ice city was at a loss due to the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. This northern ice city didn’t know what to do with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. This northern ice city was unprepared/ unequipped for/ to handle the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. 【解析】 陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。为主系表结构。“a large number of tourists” 泛指大批游客，“这座北方冰城”为“This northern ice city ”；“无所适从”为“be at a loss ”；“由于”为“due to”；“突如其来的大批游客”为the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists，作宾语。故翻译为：The sudden arrival of a large number of tourists left this northern ice city at a loss. This northern ice city was at a loss due to the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.  This northern ice city didn’t know what to do with the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists.  This northern ice city was unprepared/ unequipped for/ to handle the sudden arrival of a large number of tourists. 例10【2025·上海长宁·二模】 在研发团队的共同努力下，一种平价新药即将问世。(horizon) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the joint efforts of the research and development team, an affordable/inexpensive new drug is on the horizon. 【解析】冠词考点： “the joint efforts of the research and development team” 特指研发团队的共同努力，“an affordable/inexpensive new drug” 泛指一种平价新药。表示“在……的共同努力下”可用with the joint efforts of；表示“研发团队”为the research and development team；表示“一种平价新药”用an affordable/inexpensive new drug，作主语；表示“即将问世”可用be on the horizon，常用一般现在时表将来。故翻译为With the joint efforts of the research and development team, an affordable/inexpensive new drug is on the horizon. 例11 【2025·上海浦东新区·一模】 你能帮我去文具店买一把三角尺吗？(favour) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Could you do me a favour and buy a set square at the stationery store? 【解析】冠词考点： “a favour” 表泛指一个忙，“a set square” 表泛指一把三角尺，“the stationery store” 特指文具店。“帮某人一个忙” 翻译为 do sb. a favour，“买一把三角尺” 翻译为 buy a set square，“在文具店” 翻译为 at the stationery store 。表示请求，用 Could you...? 句型。故翻译为 Could you do me a favour and buy a set square at the stationery store? 例12【2025·上海嘉定·一模】 这位外国记者说，作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人，回到上海就有到家的感觉。 (feel) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The foreign reporter said that as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time, returning to Shanghai gives him a feeling of being at home. 【解析】 “a feeling of being at home” 表泛指一种到家的感觉；“这位外国记者说”翻译为The foreign reporter said，动词said后很that引导的宾语从句；“作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人”翻译为as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time；“回到上海”翻译为returning to Shanghai，作主语用动名词形式；“就有到家的感觉”翻译为give him a feeling of being at home，主语是动名词形式，谓语动词give用三单形式。故整句翻译为The foreign reporter said that as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time, returning to Shanghai gives him a feeling of being at home. 例13【2025·上海虹口·一模】 不少艺人走上街头传播多种艺术形式的同时，也传递正能量，为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息。(atmosphere) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many artists went onto the streets to spread various art forms and convey positive energy, adding a rich cultural atmosphere to the city. 【解析】 “a rich cultural atmosphere” 泛指浓厚人文气息。根据所给中文句子，“不少艺人”作主语，译为“many artists”，“走上街头”可用短语：go onto the streets，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，“传播多种艺术形式的同时，也传递正能量”，表目的，用不定式作目的状语，译为“to spread various art forms and convey positive energy”，“为城市增添了浓厚的人文气息”为结果状语，“增添”用动词add，和逻辑主语前文提到的事之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，“浓厚的人文气息”根据提干要求用atmosphere，译为“a rich cultural atmosphere”，add…to…意思为：将……添加到……中。故译为Many artists went onto the streets to spread various art forms and convey positive energy, adding a rich cultural atmosphere to the city. 例14【2025·上海徐汇·一模】 房间里堆满了主人从世界各地收来的古董。(fill) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The room is filled with antiques collected by the owner from all over the world. 【解析】“The room” 表特指房间，“the owner” 特指主人。表示“堆满了”应用动词短语be filled with，可用一般现在时，与主语保持主谓一致，be应变为is；表示“古董”对应名词antique，为集合名词，应用antiques；表示“收来的”用短语collected by，作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语antiques为被动关系；表示“主人”用the owner，表示特指；表示“从世界各地”应用介词短语from all over the world。故翻译为The room is filled with antiques collected by the owner from all over the world。 例15【2025·上海杨浦·一模】 在90年代，这种疾病因其复杂性，曾被误诊为流感类疾病，如今人们已经认识到它是一种罕见的精神障碍。(whose) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In the 1990s, this disease, whose complexity once led to its misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness, is now recognized as a rare mental disorder. 【解析】句中含冠词考点有： “the 1990s” 表特指 90 年代，“a rare mental disorder” 泛指一种罕见精神障碍。句中“因其复杂性”根据题干要求，用定语从句表达，其中“其复杂性”翻译为“whose complexity”；“曾被误诊为流感类疾病”用“once led to misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness”表示，使用一般过去时；“如今人们已经认识到”用“is now recognized as”表示，使用现在时态，表述一种现状；“在90年代”翻译为“In the 1990s”；“一种罕见的精神障碍”用“a rare mental disorder”表达。故译为：In the 1990s, this disease, whose complexity once led to its misdiagnosis as a flu-like illness, is now recognized as a rare mental disorder. 例16（2025~2026学年金山区二模） 53. 如果不良习惯持续存在，就可能对我们的健康构成威胁。(pose) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If bad habits persist, they may pose a threat to our health. 【解析】 【详解】考查条件状语从句和固定搭配。“持续存在” 用persist；“对…… 构成威胁” 用固定短语pose a threat to…；条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现”。 例17（2025~2026学年松江区二模） 52. 每天做点洗碗之类的家务活对培养耐心很管用。(effect) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Doing such housework as washing (the) bowls every day has a good effect on developing patience. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“每天做点洗碗之类的家务活”用动名词短语作主语，为doing such housework as washing (the) bowls every day；表示“对……很管用”可用have a good effect on；表示“培养耐心”为develop patience，develop用动名词形式作介词on的宾语。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Doing such housework as washing (the) bowls every day has a good effect on developing patience. 例18（2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） 52. 元宵节当天，志愿者们忙着在社区准备节日庆祝活动。（engage）（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On the Lantern Festival, the volunteers were busy engaging themselves in preparing the festival celebrations in the community. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“元宵节当天”为on the Lantern Festival；表示“志愿者们”用复数名词volunteers，作主语；表示“忙着做某事”短语为be busy engaging oneself in doing sth.；表示“准备节日庆祝活动”为动名词短语preparing the festival celebrations in the community。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为On the Lantern Festival, the volunteers were busy engaging themselves in preparing the festival celebrations in the community. 例19（2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） 52. 亲爱的班长，你能在我的毕业相册上签名并写一句祝福吗？（sign）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear monitor, could you please sign my graduation album and write a blessing for me? 【解析】 【详解】考查动词，名词和短语。“亲爱的班长”用Dear monitor表示呼语，“能……吗”用情态动词could+动词原形的一般疑问句表示，“在……上签名”用动词sign表示，“我的毕业相册”表示为my graduation album作宾语，“写一句祝福”暗示“为我写一句祝福”用write a blessing for me表示，与“签名”是并列关系，用and连接。句首单词首字母大写。故译为Dear monitor, could you please sign my graduation album and write a blessing for me? 例20（2025~2026学年长宁区二模） 52. 邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词。表示“邻家小男孩”用the little boy next door，作句子主语，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“练习做某事”用practice doing sth.；表示“拉小提琴”用play the violin，用动名词，作宾语。表示“每天”用every day，本句描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式practices；表示“十分勤奋”用be very diligent，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故翻译为The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 例21（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） 52. 良好的沟通在任何关系中都很重要。(role) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Good communication plays an important role in any relationship. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。表示“良好的沟通”用good communication，作句子主语，句首单词首字母大写；表示“在……中起重要作用”用play an important role in，该句陈述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语good communication为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式plays；表示“在任何关系中”用in any relationship。故翻译为Good communication plays an important role in any relationship. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $