专题12 选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 语法、写作讲解（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语外研版

专题12 选择性必修第一册Unit 6　Nurturing nature 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 过去完成时 考点二 写作精讲（观察日记） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 现在完成进行时 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，并指出黑体部分的时态及语法作用 1．He has been writing a novel，which will be finished next month. 现在完成进行时　表示未完成的动作 2．He has written a novel，which is being prepared to come out now. 现在完成时　表示动作已经完成 3．I have been visiting my hometown recently，and it impresses me differently each time. 现在完成进行时　表示动作的重复 4．I have visited my hometown recently，whose changes have left a deep impression on me. 现在完成时　表示一次性动作 5．Recently she has always been helping me.现在完成进行时　具有感情色彩 6．Recently she has helped me a lot.现在完成时　陈述一种事实 [归纳用法] 一、现在完成进行时 1．基本结构：have/has been doing 2．基本用法： (1)表示一个在过去开始，而在最近刚刚结束的动作 We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束)我们一直等了你半个小时。 I'm rather tired.I have been playing basketball since breakfast.(动作刚结束) 我很累。自从吃过早饭以来一直在打篮球。 (2)表示一个从过去开始，持续到现在并将继续进行的动作 The Chinese have been making paper for over two thousand years.(动作还将继续下去) 中国人已有2 000多年的造纸历史。 I have been learning English since three years ago.(动作还将继续下去) 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 (3)表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。 You have been coughing a lot lately.(关切)近来你一直咳嗽。 Too much has been happening today.(感慨今天真是个多事的日子啊。 He has always been studying hard.(赞许)他学习一直很刻苦。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①Inventors (try) to make flying cars since the 1930s. ②Dashan，who (learn) crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand­up tradition. ③—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We (wait) here for more than two hours. ④—Tony，why are your eyes red? —I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. ⑤It is reported that the project (complete)． 【答案】1.have been trying2. has been learning3.have been waiting4.have been cutting5.has been completed 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge.(动作还将继续下去)他们一直在建造一座桥。 2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。 The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon.整个下午，这位修理工一直在修那辆车。 The repairman has repaired your car，and you can have it now.修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。 [名师点津] 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词为： 状态动词：be，have，exist等； 情感动词：like，love，hate等； 感官动词：see，hear，know，feel，sound等； 短暂性动词：finish，marry，get up，come，go 等。 I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。 They have finished the work.他们已经完成了工作。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①There (exist) an old temple since the Ming Dynasty. ②I (teach) English for almost twenty years，and I will step in another new teaching year. ③He (not feel) himself since yesterday. ④The manager (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m. 【答案】1.has existed2.have been teaching3.hasn't felt4.has been telling 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．In the last few years，China (make) great achievements in this field. 2．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement (reach) so far. 3．Marty (work) hard on his book and he'll have finished it by Friday. 4．They (work) on the perfection of the new model. 5．Oh no！We're too late.The train (leave)． 6．He (read) in the library since it opened this morning. 7．—Take a break，Amy.You (practise) the piano all the morning. —I'd like to，but this time next week I will be giving a concert at the concert hall. 8．Tom (work) in the library every day over the last three months. 9．I letters this morning and I for four hours so far.(write) 10．—What bad weather! I am sick of it here. —So am I．It (rain) since last Friday.Wish we could see the sun tomorrow. 【答案】1.has made 2.has been reached 3.has been working4.have been working5. has left 6.has been reading7.have been practising8.has been working 9.have been writing,have written10.has been raining 二．短文语法填空 My wish is 1 (go) to a key university.I 2. (study) for many years.But I 3. (be) poor in English since I went to junior school.My English teacher insists 4. my listening and writing.I 5. (listen) English every morning to improve it.Because I 6. (waste) a lot of time，it is hard to catch up with other students.After 7. (go) to high school，I 8. (stay) up late into the night and 9. (get) up early in the morning.I 10. (write) two compositions every day.I think I should spare no effort to improve my English and achieve my dream. 【答案】1.to go2.have been studying3.have been4.on5.have been listening6.have been wasting7.going8.have been staying9.have been getting10.have been writing 考点二 写作精讲 招聘广告 写作积累 招聘广告的常用表达 开头:描述 招聘岗位 1.The school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.校报正在为其英文版招聘编辑。 2.The job is to choose suitable English articles from other newspapers, magazines or the Internet and to polish or edit articles from students in our school.这项工作就是从其他报纸、杂志或网络上选择合适的英语文章,并且润色或编辑我校学生的来稿。 主体:招 聘要求 1.The requirements are as follows.要求如下。 2.You are expected to devote some of your spare time to serving others.你要花一些空闲时间为他人服务。 3.It􀆳s necessary for you to be good at both English and using the computer.你有必要既精通英语又擅长使用电脑。 结尾:呼 吁应聘 1.Those who are interested in the job can get in touch with the Students􀆳 Union this week.那些对这份工作感兴趣的人可以在本周与学生会联系。 2.Looking forward to your participation.期待您的参与。 写作题目 假定你是李华,近期学校要组织“英语文化节”活动,需招募10名学生志愿者,为文化节的才艺秀、英语演讲比赛以及英语辩论赛等提供服务。请你以短文形式写一则招聘广告。 1.招聘岗位信息; 2.应聘条件:支持学校的活动,能胜任工作;善于沟通,与同学相处融洽; 3.工作时间:上午8点至下午4点;工作内容:具体任务可协商; 4.联系人:李华(138xxxx8888);招聘截止日期:本周三。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 思路点拨 遣词造句 一．用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　n.启事;广告   2.　　　　n.申请人   3.　　　　adj.可协商的   4.　　　　　　支持,赞同  5.　　　　　　合格的,能胜任的   6.　　　　　　申请得到   7.　　　　　　此外,更重要的是   【答案】1.advertisement　2.applicant 3.negotiable　4.in favour of　5.be qualified for　6.apply for　7.what’s more 二．本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:招聘岗位信息 (1)Next week, our school will hold an activity, and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (这个活动被叫作)“The English Culture Festival”.   (2)10 student volunteers are needed　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(提供服务)in the activities.   第二段:应聘条件及工作时间和内容 (3)The applicant should be　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(支持) the activities.   (4)The applicant should　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(胜任)the job.   (5)He must　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(擅长与别人沟通) and have a strong organizational ability.   (6)The volunteers 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(预计工作) from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.   【答案】(1)the activity is called　(2)to offer service　(3)in favour of　(4)be qualified for (5)be good at communicating with others　(6)are expected to work 2.句式升级 (7)用含有定语从句的句子改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (8)用“not only...but also...”的倒装结构合并句(3)和句(4) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】(7)Next week, our school will hold an activity which is called “The English Culture Festival”.　(8)Not only should the applicant be in favour of the activities, but he also should be qualified for the job. 连句成篇 Job advertisement Next week, our school will hold an activity 10 student volunteers are needed to offer service in the activities such as the Talent Show, English Speech Contest and English Debate Competition.the activities, but he also should the job. What’s more, he must be good at communicating with others and to work from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Specific tasks are negotiable.  contact Li Hua (phone number:138xxxx8888) before this Wednesday. 实战演练 　　假定你是伦敦某中学的学生,你校成立了一个动物保护协会,你受委托写一份招聘启事招募志愿者加入。请你完成该招聘启事,并发布在校园网上,内容包括: 1.协会介绍; 2.应聘条件; 3.表达期待。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】 Volunteers wanted! 　　To help students learn more about animals and increase our awareness of animal protection, our school has set up an association, and volunteers are needed. If you are interested in it and have much knowledge of caring for and protecting animals, please join us. Besides, we need to cooperate with volunteers from other countries, so a second language besides English is also highly welcome. Moreover, we’ll regularly hold some activities like pet adoption programs and animal photography contests on weekends, so you are expected to be available on weekends. Let’s make joint efforts to protect animals. Looking forward to your participation. 1.重点词汇 ①care for照顾 ②cooperate with与……合作 ③adoption n.收养 ④available adj.有空的 2.亮点句型 ①To help students learn more about animals and increase our awareness of animal protection, our school has set up an association, and volunteers are needed.(动词不定式短语作目的状语)为了帮助学生了解更多关于动物的知识,提高我们保护动物的意识,我们学校成立了一个协会,并需要志愿者。  ②If you are interested in it and have much knowledge of caring for and protecting animals, please join us.(条件状语从句)如果你对它感兴趣,并懂得很多照顾和保护动物的知识,请加入我们。  一．语法训练 A.单句语法填空 1.Since then, scientists 　　　　　(experiment) with the DNA of the plant to create one plant that will reduce air pollution.  2.It is the most instructive lecture that I 　　　　　(attend) since I came to this school.  3.The telephone 　　　　　(ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t anyone answer it?  4.Dashan, who 　　　　　(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it with the Western stand-up tradition.   5.Since then I 　　　　　 (read) it every day, which is an excellent window for me to learn what is happening outside.  6.—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? —No, but we 　　　　　(try) to get in touch with them ever since.  1.【答案】have been experimenting　 【解析】句意:从那以后,科学家们一直在用这种植物的DNA进行实验,以创造一种能减少空气污染的植物。根据时间状语Since then及句意可知,experiment表示的动作从过去持续到现在并且正在进行(有可能延续到将来),故用现在完成进行时。 2.【答案】have attended　 【解析】句意:这是我到这所学校以来听过的最有教育意义的讲座。在“This/It is the+形容词最高级+名词+that从句”句型中,that从句要用现在完成时态。 3.【答案】has been ringing　 【解析】句意:电话响了快一分钟了,为什么没人接? 根据时间状语for almost a minute及句意可知,ring表示的动作从过去持续到现在并且正在进行(有可能延续到将来),故用现在完成进行时。 4.【答案】has been learning　 【解析】句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式——相声已经几十年了,他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,学习这一动作从过去一直延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时。 5.【答案】have been reading　 【解析】句意:从那以后,我每天都读它,这是我了解外面发生的事情的一个很好的窗口。根据时间状语Since then及句意可知, read表示的动作从过去持续到现在,并且有可能持续下去,应用现在完成进行时。 6.【答案】have been trying　 【解析】句意:——昨天你们在山上找到那对失踪的夫妇了吗?——没有,但从他们失踪以后我们一直在试图联系他们。根据时间状语ever since及句意可知,try表示的动作从过去持续到现在并且正在进行(有可能延续到将来),故用现在完成进行时。 B.完成句子 1.我已经等了一个小时了,可他仍然没有出现。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, but he still hasn’t turned up.  2.你的衣服上满是灰尘,我想你刚才一直在打扫教室吧。 Your clothes are covered with dust. You 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 just now, I guess.  3.因为采取了许多有效措施,环境已经被极大地改善了。 Because many effective measures have been taken, the environment 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a lot.  4.这个小男孩从头到脚都很脏,因为他整个早上都一直在泥巴里玩。 The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 all the morning.  5.自从露西获得了她的新工作后,她变了很多。最近她一直都很出色地做她的工作。 Lucy 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　since she got her new job. Recently she 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 quite well.  【答案】1.have been waiting for an hour 2.have been cleaning the classroom 3.has been improved 4.has been playing in the mud 5.has changed a lot; has been doing her work 三．语法填空。 A Every spring, the 356-year-old kapok tree (木棉树) in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall flowers, capturing the hearts of locals. Known as 1 “Kapok King”, it is a miracle of nature, as these trees rarely survive 2 a century in the wild. Its long life is due to the constant care and attention from an expert team. Led by Wang Yongyue, the team employs advanced technologies 3 (monitor) the tree’s health. They use CT scans to map roots up to seven or eight meters deep. “We also strike nails in the wood to create sound waves,” Wang explains. “If the wood 4 (be) hollow or decayed (腐烂的) inside, the speed of the sound changes. This helps us strengthen the tree 5 it’s too late.” Since 2009, Wang 6 (oversee) quarterly check-ups, with a critical focus on managing harmful insects. Instead of relying on strong 7 (chemical), the team practices biological control. Bi Keke, a lab expert, describes releasing natural enemies to hunt them. “It is a story of one 8 (beat) another in nature,” he notes, highlighting how this approach maintains 9 (ecology) balance. To the citizens of Guangzhou, this tree is more than a plant, it is a beloved family member 10 well-being connects the city’s past and future. 【答案】1．the 2．beyond/over/past 3．to monitor 4．is 5．before 6．has overseen 7．chemicals 8．beating 9．ecological 10．whose 【导语】文章主要介绍了广州中山纪念堂中356年树龄的“木棉王”及其养护故事，展现了人与自然的和谐守护。 【详解】1．考查冠词。句意：被称为“木棉王”，它是大自然的一个奇迹，因为这些树木在野外很少能活过一个世纪。“Kapok King”是特指的称号，专有名词前用定冠词the。 2．考查介词。句意：被称为“木棉王”，它是大自然的一个奇迹，因为这些树木在野外很少能活过一个世纪。此处表示“超过，越过”，beyond、over或past均表示时间上的“超过，多于”。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在王永跃的带领下，团队使用先进技术来监测树木的健康状况。employ sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果木头内部中空或腐烂，声音的速度就会改变。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，且主语the wood是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数is。 5．考查连词。句意：这能帮助我们在为时已晚之前加固树木。此处表示“在……之前”，应用连词before。 6．考查时态。句意：自2009年以来，王一直监管季度检查工作，重点聚焦于害虫防治。根据时间状语“Since 2009”可知，应用现在完成时，主语Wang是单数，助动词用has，oversee的过去分词为overseen。 7．考查名词。句意：团队不依赖强效化学药品，而是采用生物防治。chemical作“化学药品”讲时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用复数形式chemicals。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这就是自然界中一物降一物的规律，”他说道，同时强调这种方式如何维持生态平衡。介词of后应接动名词作宾语，one和beat之间是主动关系，用beating。 9．考查形容词。句意：“这就是自然界中一物降一物的规律，”他说道，同时强调这种方式如何维持生态平衡。此处修饰名词balance，应用形容词ecological作定语，意为“生态的”。 10．考查定语从句。句意：对于广州的市民来说，这棵树不仅仅是一株植物，是一位深受喜爱的家庭成员，它的健康连接着这座城市的过去与未来。此处考查定语从句，先行词是family member，关系词在从句中作定语修饰well-being，用关系代词whose。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shennongjia, a world heritage site, is a place 1 the local people take things from nature without 2 (cause) damage. I visited a local village which is 3 (know) for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is 4 (produce) by the earliest species of Chinese bee. Every spring, the villagers place beehives around their houses 5 (attract) these wild bees from the forest. Although endangered elsewhere in China due 6 the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia 7 (coexist) with the local people for centuries. By providing the bees with 8 secure home, the villagers collect their honey in return. This is just one of the 9 (way) in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony 10 nature. 【答案】1．where 2．causing 3．known 4．produced 5．to attract 6．to 7．have coexisted 8．a 9．ways 10．with 【导语】文章主要介绍了世界遗产神农架的人与自然和谐共生的生活方式，以当地村民养殖中华蜜蜂、采集蜂蜜为例，展现了神农架人从自然中获取资源却不破坏环境的理念。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：神农架，一处世界遗产地，是当地人从自然中获取资源，却不会造成破坏的地方。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a place，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：神农架，一处世界遗产地，是当地人从自然中获取资源，却不会造成破坏的地方。介词without后需接动名词形式作宾语。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我参观了一个以自制蜂蜜闻名的当地村庄。be known for是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”。 4．考查被动语态。句意：这种蜂蜜的特别之处在于它是由最古老的中华蜜蜂品种生产的。主语it与动词produce之间是被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态is + 过去分词。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年春天，村民们会在房子周围放置蜂箱，以吸引来自森林的这些野生蜜蜂。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了吸引”。 6．考查介词。句意：尽管由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂在中国其他地区濒临灭绝，但神农架的蜜蜂已经与当地人共存了数百年。due to是固定短语，意为“由于，因为”。 7．考查时态。句意：尽管由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂在中国其他地区濒临灭绝，但神农架的蜜蜂已经与当地人共存了数百年。根据时间状语“for centuries”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语“the bees”为复数，应用have coexisted。 8．考查冠词。句意：通过为蜜蜂提供一个安全的家，村民们作为回报采集它们的蜂蜜。此处泛指“一个安全的家”，且secure发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 9．考查名词。句意：这只是神农架人与大自然和谐相处、工作的方式之一。“one of the + 复数名词”是固定结构，意为“……之一”。 10．考查介词。句意：这只是神农架人与大自然和谐相处、工作的方式之一。in harmony with是固定短语，意为“与……和谐相处”。 C 阅读下面的短文或句子，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Luo Xianhua, a tea farmer from Tongmu village deep within the Wuyishan National Park, also serves as a forest ranger for at least 15 days every month. The national park, 1 (carve) on the UNESCO World Heritage List as a mixed cultural and natural heritage site, is home to the world's most well-preserved mid-subtropical forest ecosystem. 2 on watch at the Tongmu conservation station, Luo patrols (巡逻) the forest, monitors wildlife, and checks for fire hazards. He firmly holds the belief 3 a healthy environment is the foundation of high-quality tea. He tends his alpine tea garden and keeps a close eye on any signs of 4 (ecology) damage. Uniforms away, Luo returns to his tea garden 5 (earn) a living for his family. “Good environment is 6 guarantee to quality tea products, “he says. His words reflect a simple but profound truth: humans and the land cannot be separated. His efforts, 7 (fortunate), have inspired others in the community. So far,12 people from his village 8 (join) the ranger team to help protect the national park. All of them work as volunteers, patrolling the forest and preventing it 9 illegal logging. The Wuyishan National Park plays a critical role in global biodiversity conservation, 10 is why Luo takes his duty seriously. “We are not just protecting trees,” he explains. “We are protecting a living system.” 【答案】1．carved 2．While/When 3．that 4．ecological 5．to earn 6．a 7．fortunately 8．have joined 9．from 10．which 【导语】本文讲述武夷山国家公园桐木村茶农罗先华身兼护林员，坚守生态保护工作，秉持绿水青山孕育优质好茶的理念，带动村民共同守护武夷山生态与生物多样性的故事。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化与自然双重遗产名录的国家公园，拥有全球保存最完好的中亚热带森林生态系统。此处作后置定语，逻辑主语The national park与动词carve为被动关系，用过去分词carved表被动。 2．考查状语从句连词。句意：在桐木保护站执勤时，罗先华巡查森林、监测野生动物并排查火灾隐患。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，用从属连词while/when引导从句；句首首字母大写。 3．考查同位语从句。句意：他坚信，良好的环境是高品质茶叶的基础。从句具体解释说明抽象名词belief的内容，从句句意完整、成分齐全，用连词that引导同位语从句。 4．考查形容词。句意：他打理着自己的高山茶园，密切关注任何生态遭到破坏的迹象。空处修饰名词damage，需用形容词作定语，ecology对应的形容词为ecological，意为“生态的”。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：卸下护林制服后，罗先华便回到茶园，靠劳作养家糊口。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明返回茶园的目的，故填to earn。 6．考查冠词。句意：良好的环境是优质茶叶的保障。guarantee为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 7．考查副词。句意：所幸，他的努力鼓舞了社区里的其他人。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词，fortunate对应的副词形式为fortunately，意为“幸运地”。 8．考查现在完成时。句意：迄今为止，村里已有12人加入护林队，助力守护这座国家公园。join(加入)是谓语动词，时间状语So far是现在完成时的标志词，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数形式have joined。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：他们全部以志愿者身份工作，巡查森林，防止森林遭到非法砍伐。固定搭配prevent...from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，故填from。 10．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：武夷山国家公园在全球生物多样性保护中起着至关重要的作用，这也是罗先华认真对待自己职责的原因。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词指代前文整句话内容，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。 二．写作训练 1．每年6月8日为世界海洋日。假定你是李华，你校英文报现征集相关庆祝活动的标识图案，请你投稿。 内容包括：(1) 图案描述； (2) 设计解读。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 This is my logo for World Ocean Day activities. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 This is my logo for World Ocean Day activities. At the center lies a deep blue circle. It symbolizes the ocean’s vastness. Inside, two stylized waves — one clear teal, one polluted gray — intertwine with a small green sprout rising from them. The design highlights both marine beauty and human impact. The sprout represents hope: every effort to reduce pollution can restore ocean life. Together, the waves urge us to protect the sea for future generations. Designed to raise public awareness of ocean protection, the logo reminds us to cut down pollution, stop overfishing, and live in harmony with marine life. Our future depends on every wave we save! 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，向校英文报投稿，描述为世界海洋日活动设计的标识图案，并进行设计解读。 【详解】1. 词汇积累   象征：symbolize → represent/stand for 广阔：vastness → immensity 突出：highlight → emphasize 恢复：restore → revive/bring back 2. 句式拓展   合并简单句 原句：At the center lies a deep blue circle. It symbolizes the ocean’s vastness. 拓展句：At the center lies a deep blue circle, which symbolizes the ocean’s vastness. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Inside, two stylized waves — one clear teal, one polluted gray — intertwine with a small green sprout rising from them.(运用了现在分词短语作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Designed to raise public awareness of ocean protection, the logo reminds us to cut down pollution, stop overfishing, and live in harmony with marine life.(运用了过去分词短语作状语和动词不定式作宾语补足语) 2．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展“共建绿色校园”倡议活动。请你写一封倡议信，向全校同学发出呼吁，内容包括： 1. 指出校园中存在的不环保现象(至少1点)； 2. 提出具体的改进建议(至少2点)； 3. 简述这些行动的意义，并表达你的期望。 注意： 1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3、开头已给出(不计入总词数)。 Dear fellow students, As we all know, our school is working hard to build a greener campus. However, I’ve noticed some environmentally unfriendly habits around us. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear fellow students, As we all know, our school is working hard to build a greener campus. However, I’ve noticed some environmentally unfriendly habits around us. For example, lights and fans are often left on in empty classrooms, and a lot of leftover food is thrown away in the canteen every day. To make a real difference, I suggest we do the following. First, always turn off electrical devices when we leave a room. Second, only take as much food as we can eat — every grain counts. Moreover, we can use reusable water bottles instead of disposable plastic ones. Small actions can lead to big changes. Let’s take responsibility and join hands to make our campus a greener, cleaner place for everyone. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一封倡议信，指出校园中存在的不环保现象，提出具体的改进建议，向全校同学发出呼吁，简述这些行动的意义，并表达期望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggest → propose 关闭：turn off → switch off 重要：count → be significant 带来：lead to → bring about 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：For example, lights and fans are often left on in empty classrooms, and a lot of leftover food is thrown away in the canteen every day. 拓展句：For example, there are many classrooms where lights and fans are kept on while nobody is inside, and a large amount of leftover food is thrown away in the canteen each day. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To make a real difference, I suggest we do the following.(suggest后运用了省略that引导的宾语从句，从句使用(should) do的虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】First, always turn off electrical devices when we leave a room.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 3．假如你是校学生会主席李华，你非常关心目前的环境污染问题。请你代表学生会给英语报写一封倡议书，号召全校同学过低碳生活(low-carbon life)。内容包括： 1．说明环境污染问题； 2．提出具体措施； 3．发出倡议。 注意：1．写作词数应不少于100字； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，并请注意给出的逗号部分后面进行无缝衔接。 Dear fellow students, Currently, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly severe, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear fellow students, Currently, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly severe, environmental pollution is worsening, with smog, waste and carbon emissions threatening our health and ecosystem. It’s high time that we took action to live a low-carbon life. To achieve this, we can start with small acts. First, choose walking, cycling or public transport instead of driving. Second, save water and electricity by turning off taps and lights when unused. Third, reuse paper and sort rubbish to reduce waste. Also, plant trees to absorb carbon dioxide. Small efforts count. Let’s join hands to adopt a low-carbon lifestyle. Only by working together can we build a greener, cleaner world for ourselves and future generations. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生代表学生会给英语报写一封倡议书，号召全校同学过低碳生活。 【详解】1.词汇积累 威胁：threaten → pose a threat to 实现：achieve → realize 吸收：absorb → take in 重要：count → matter 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To achieve this, we can start with small acts. 拓展句：We can begin with minor deeds so that we can reach the goal. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s high time that we took action to live a low-carbon life.(运用了It’s high time that句型且使用了虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】Only by working together can we build a greener, cleaner world for ourselves and future generations.(运用了only+状语位于句首引出的倒装句) 4．假定你是李津，你校交换生Chris看到以下图片，对“绿水青山就是金山银山(Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.)”这句话很感兴趣，发邮件向你进一步了解。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 解释含义； 2. 举例说明。 注意：1. 不少于100； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头结尾已给出。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m glad you’re interested in this saying! It means a good natural environment (lucid waters, lush mountains) is as precious as gold and silver — eco-friendly development brings long-term benefits instead of short-term gains from damaging nature. For example, many villages now develop eco-tourism: they protect forests and rivers, and then attract visitors. Locals earn money by running inns or selling local products, while keeping the environment intact. It’s a win-win situation! Would you like me to share more examples of such villages? Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生回复交换生Chris的邮件，解释“绿水青山就是金山银山”的含义并举例说明。 【详解】1.词汇积累 珍贵的：precious → valuable   环保的：eco-friendly → environmentally friendly   经营：run → manage 保持：keep → maintain 2.句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：For example, many villages now develop eco-tourism: they protect forests and rivers, and then attract visitors. 拓展句：For example, many villages now develop eco-tourism, during which they protect forests and rivers, thereby attracting visitors. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad you’re interested in this saying!（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Locals earn money by running inns or selling local products, while keeping the environment intact. （运用了while引导状语从句的省略） 5．Last weekend, a group of high-school students, including Tom, Sarah, and their friends, participated in an environmental protection activity at a nearby river. The activity was organized by their school’s environmental club to raise awareness about water pollution and encourage people to take action to protect the river. When they arrived at the riverbank, they were shocked by what they saw. The river was filled with all kinds of garbage, from plastic bottles to old tires. The water was dark and smelly, and there were hardly any signs of aquatic life. Tom frowned and said, “This is even worse than we thought. We really need to do something to save this river.” The students immediately got to work. They divided themselves into groups. One group started to pick up the garbage along the riverbank, using long-handled tools to reach the trash floating in the water. Another group went around to the nearby factories and shops, distributing brochures about environmental protection and explaining the importance of not polluting the river. Sarah was in charge of taking pictures and recording videos to document the situation and their efforts. As they were working, a middle-aged man walked by. He looked at the students with curiosity and asked, “What are you kids doing?” Tom stepped forward and replied, “Sir, we’re trying to clean up this river. It’s in a really bad state, and we want to make people aware of the problem.” The man nodded, but then he said, “Do you really think a few kids like you can make a difference? This pollution has been going on for years.” Tom was a bit discouraged by his words, but he still firmly said, “We have to try. Every little bit helps, right?” The man just shrugged and walked away. After a long day of hard work, the riverbank looked much cleaner. However, they knew that this was just a small step, and there was still a long way to go to fully restore the river’s health... 注意： (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: That night, Tom couldn’t fall asleep. He kept thinking about the man’s words and the current situation of the river. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A few weeks later, the students organized a follow-up activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: That night, Tom couldn’t fall asleep. He kept thinking about the man’s words and the current situation of the river. Suddenly, an idea struck him. He decided to create an online platform to raise more awareness about the river’s pollution problem. The next day, he shared his idea with Sarah and their friends. Everyone was excited about it and started to contribute. They collected more data about the river’ pollution. They also uploaded all the pictures and videos Sarah had taken during the activity. Soon, their online platform attracted a lot of attention, with many people expressing their support. A few weeks later, the students organized a follow-up activity. This time, more people joined them, including some of the factory owners who had received their brochures before. The man who had doubted them also showed up. He walked up to Tom and said, “I was wrong. You kids have really made a difference.” With more hands on deck, they not only cleaned the riverbank again but also started a tree-planting project along the river. The river was gradually showing signs of recovery, and the students knew that their continuous efforts were paying off. 【导语】本文以环保行动为线索展开，讲述汤姆、萨拉等学生参加河边环保清理活动，努力改善河道环境，却遭到路人质疑。学生们没有气馁，通过线上宣传扩大影响、持续开展活动，最终带动更多人参与环保、切实改善河流环境的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写汤姆受路人话语启发，搭建线上宣传平台，发布河道污染资料，引发大众关注与支持。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写同学们开展后续环保活动，收获大量民众参与，曾经质疑的路人主动致歉，环保行动初见成效。 2.续写线索：心生想法——线上宣传——引发关注——再度行动——众人参与——收获认可 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①收集：collect/gather ②走近：walk up to/draw near 情绪类 ①兴奋：excited/thrilled ②疑惑：doubt/question 【点睛】[高分句型1] They also uploaded all the pictures and videos Sarah had taken during the activity.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句） [高分句型2] The river was gradually showing signs of recovery, and the students knew that their continuous efforts were paying off.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met the Man of the Trees in summer ten years ago, when I was visiting Uncle Jita. Those were difficult times. People were cutting down our forest, and there was often flooding. Sometimes our water supply was dirty. When our pump did have clean water, we had to wait in line for ages. When the pump wasn’t working, we had to walk five kilometers to the closest stream. But I was happy. I was going to see my favorite uncle. When the day finally arrived, Dad drove me to Uncle Jita’s house and left. Once he saw me, Uncle Jita announced, “Tomorrow we’re going to explore a magical place. Here is my camera, Amy. You can take photos of what you see.” The following day, we woke up and left early on a boat. The trip was exciting. But when we got off, there was... nothing in front of us. “I don’t want to take pictures of this,” I complained. Uncle laughed, “Start walking, Amy. I promise you’ll be surprised.” After some time, I could see the outline of a forest in the distance. A little closer, there was a man waving to us. “That’s Kabir. The forest you see is his. He planted every single tree.” As we walked towards Kabir, Uncle explained that thirty years ago, the whole area was a wasteland. But one day Kabir decided to change all that and started planting trees. Thanks to him, part of the wasteland is now a paradise (天堂). Uncle introduced me to Kabir, who had gray hair and a determined face. "Jita told me you like animals. Are you ready to see some?" he asked. “Of course!” I replied. We continued walking and soon were under the trees. I turned my head and was amazed at the difference between the two places. All because of the efforts of one man. Like Uncle said, Kabir’s forest was magical. We saw deer, rhinos, and even tigers. During lunchtime, Kabir explained how, by planting trees, it was possible to stop the land from eroding (侵蚀). 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 papra1: Hearing this, I turned to my uncle, "I think we can plant trees too." ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ para2: In the years that followed, people in our village worked hard to carry out our plan. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】possible version: Hearing this, I turned to my uncle, “I think we can plant trees too.” Grabbing the camera in my hand, I added with excitement, “I’ve got a plan! I’ll show them the photos of Kabir’s magical forest!” Seeing Uncle and Kabir’s encouraging smile, I immediately set down to work, busy pressing my shutter. When Uncle and I went back to the village and showed these wonderful pictures to my neighbors, they were stunned by the beauty of the forest. “It was the trees that turned the place into a paradise!” We then explained our tree-planting plan to the villagers, which was quickly accepted by all of them. In the years that followed, people in our village worked hard to carry out our plan. Instead of cutting down our forest, we started to plant trees, which has eventually helped protect the soil and stopped the land from eroding. Thanks to the trees, the water has been purified and we finally have clean and stable water supply. With our joint efforts, our village is now surrounded by small thriving forests with blooming flowers, lively animals and crystal-clear streams running through. Witnessing the gradual change of our village, we’ve come to realize that only when we live in harmony with nature can we have a brighter future. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者随叔叔拜访“植树人”Kabir，亲眼见证了他将荒地变成森林奇迹的故事，这激发了作者回乡带动村民植树造林的决心。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者受到启发后，决定用相机记录森林的美，并向叔叔和Kabir请教如何开展植树计划，得到他们的支持。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写村民们齐心协力实施植树计划的具体行动，以及随着时间推移，村庄环境发生的积极变化。 2.续写线索： 受到启发——制定计划——请教方法——全村动员——辛勤植树——环境改善 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①着手工作：set down to work/start to work/begin working ②返回村庄：go back to the village/return to the village 情绪类 ①兴奋地：with excitement/excitedly ②震惊的：be stunned/be shocked/be astonished 【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing Uncle and Kabir’s encouraging smile, I immediately set down to work, busy pressing my shutter. （运用了现在分词和形容词作状语，动名词作宾语） 【高分句型2】Instead of cutting down our forest, we started to plant trees, which has eventually helped protect the soil and stopped the land from eroding.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 选择性必修第一册Unit 6　Nurturing nature 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 过去完成时 考点二 写作精讲（观察日记） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 现在完成进行时 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，并指出黑体部分的时态及语法作用 1．He has been writing a novel，which will be finished next month. 现在完成进行时　表示未完成的动作 2．He has written a novel，which is being prepared to come out now. 现在完成时　表示动作已经完成 3．I have been visiting my hometown recently，and it impresses me differently each time. 现在完成进行时　表示动作的重复 4．I have visited my hometown recently，whose changes have left a deep impression on me. 现在完成时　表示一次性动作 5．Recently she has always been helping me.现在完成进行时　具有感情色彩 6．Recently she has helped me a lot.现在完成时　陈述一种事实 [归纳用法] 一、现在完成进行时 1．基本结构：have/has been doing 2．基本用法： (1)表示一个在过去开始，而在最近刚刚结束的动作 We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束)我们一直等了你半个小时。 I'm rather tired.I have been playing basketball since breakfast.(动作刚结束) 我很累。自从吃过早饭以来一直在打篮球。 (2)表示一个从过去开始，持续到现在并将继续进行的动作 The Chinese have been making paper for over two thousand years.(动作还将继续下去) 中国人已有2 000多年的造纸历史。 I have been learning English since three years ago.(动作还将继续下去) 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 (3)表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。 You have been coughing a lot lately.(关切)近来你一直咳嗽。 Too much has been happening today.(感慨今天真是个多事的日子啊。 He has always been studying hard.(赞许)他学习一直很刻苦。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①Inventors (try) to make flying cars since the 1930s. ②Dashan，who (learn) crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand­up tradition. ③—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We (wait) here for more than two hours. ④—Tony，why are your eyes red? —I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. ⑤It is reported that the project (complete)． 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge.(动作还将继续下去)他们一直在建造一座桥。 2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。 The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon.整个下午，这位修理工一直在修那辆车。 The repairman has repaired your car，and you can have it now.修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。 [名师点津] 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词为： 状态动词：be，have，exist等； 情感动词：like，love，hate等； 感官动词：see，hear，know，feel，sound等； 短暂性动词：finish，marry，get up，come，go 等。 I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。 They have finished the work.他们已经完成了工作。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①There (exist) an old temple since the Ming Dynasty. ②I (teach) English for almost twenty years，and I will step in another new teaching year. ③He (not feel) himself since yesterday. ④The manager (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m. 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．In the last few years，China (make) great achievements in this field. 2．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement (reach) so far. 3．Marty (work) hard on his book and he'll have finished it by Friday. 4．They (work) on the perfection of the new model. 5．Oh no！We're too late.The train (leave)． 6．He (read) in the library since it opened this morning. 7．—Take a break，Amy.You (practise) the piano all the morning. —I'd like to，but this time next week I will be giving a concert at the concert hall. 8．Tom (work) in the library every day over the last three months. 9．I letters this morning and I for four hours so far.(write) 10．—What bad weather! I am sick of it here. —So am I．It (rain) since last Friday.Wish we could see the sun tomorrow. 二．短文语法填空 My wish is 1 (go) to a key university.I 2. (study) for many years.But I 3. (be) poor in English since I went to junior school.My English teacher insists 4. my listening and writing.I 5. (listen) English every morning to improve it.Because I 6. (waste) a lot of time，it is hard to catch up with other students.After 7. (go) to high school，I 8. (stay) up late into the night and 9. (get) up early in the morning.I 10. (write) two compositions every day.I think I should spare no effort to improve my English and achieve my dream. 考点二 写作精讲 招聘广告 写作积累 招聘广告的常用表达 开头:描述 招聘岗位 1.The school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.校报正在为其英文版招聘编辑。 2.The job is to choose suitable English articles from other newspapers, magazines or the Internet and to polish or edit articles from students in our school.这项工作就是从其他报纸、杂志或网络上选择合适的英语文章,并且润色或编辑我校学生的来稿。 主体:招 聘要求 1.The requirements are as follows.要求如下。 2.You are expected to devote some of your spare time to serving others.你要花一些空闲时间为他人服务。 3.It􀆳s necessary for you to be good at both English and using the computer.你有必要既精通英语又擅长使用电脑。 结尾:呼 吁应聘 1.Those who are interested in the job can get in touch with the Students􀆳 Union this week.那些对这份工作感兴趣的人可以在本周与学生会联系。 2.Looking forward to your participation.期待您的参与。 写作题目 假定你是李华,近期学校要组织“英语文化节”活动,需招募10名学生志愿者,为文化节的才艺秀、英语演讲比赛以及英语辩论赛等提供服务。请你以短文形式写一则招聘广告。 1.招聘岗位信息; 2.应聘条件:支持学校的活动,能胜任工作;善于沟通,与同学相处融洽; 3.工作时间:上午8点至下午4点;工作内容:具体任务可协商; 4.联系人:李华(138xxxx8888);招聘截止日期:本周三。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 思路点拨 遣词造句 一．用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　n.启事;广告   2.　　　　n.申请人   3.　　　　adj.可协商的   4.　　　　　　支持,赞同  5.　　　　　　合格的,能胜任的   6.　　　　　　申请得到   7.　　　　　　此外,更重要的是   二．本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:招聘岗位信息 (1)Next week, our school will hold an activity, and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (这个活动被叫作)“The English Culture Festival”.   (2)10 student volunteers are needed　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(提供服务)in the activities.   第二段:应聘条件及工作时间和内容 (3)The applicant should be　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(支持) the activities.   (4)The applicant should　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(胜任)the job.   (5)He must　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(擅长与别人沟通) and have a strong organizational ability.   (6)The volunteers 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(预计工作) from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.   2.句式升级 (7)用含有定语从句的句子改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (8)用“not only...but also...”的倒装结构合并句(3)和句(4) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 连句成篇 Job advertisement Next week, our school will hold an activity 10 student volunteers are needed to offer service in the activities such as the Talent Show, English Speech Contest and English Debate Competition.the activities, but he also should the job. What’s more, he must be good at communicating with others and to work from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Specific tasks are negotiable.  contact Li Hua (phone number:138xxxx8888) before this Wednesday. 实战演练 　　假定你是伦敦某中学的学生,你校成立了一个动物保护协会,你受委托写一份招聘启事招募志愿者加入。请你完成该招聘启事,并发布在校园网上,内容包括: 1.协会介绍; 2.应聘条件; 3.表达期待。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一．语法训练 A.单句语法填空 1.Since then, scientists 　　　　　(experiment) with the DNA of the plant to create one plant that will reduce air pollution.  2.It is the most instructive lecture that I 　　　　　(attend) since I came to this school.  3.The telephone 　　　　　(ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t anyone answer it?  4.Dashan, who 　　　　　(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it with the Western stand-up tradition.   5.Since then I 　　　　　 (read) it every day, which is an excellent window for me to learn what is happening outside.  6.—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? —No, but we 　　　　　(try) to get in touch with them ever since.  B.完成句子 1.我已经等了一个小时了,可他仍然没有出现。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, but he still hasn’t turned up.  2.你的衣服上满是灰尘,我想你刚才一直在打扫教室吧。 Your clothes are covered with dust. You 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 just now, I guess.  3.因为采取了许多有效措施,环境已经被极大地改善了。 Because many effective measures have been taken, the environment 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a lot.  4.这个小男孩从头到脚都很脏,因为他整个早上都一直在泥巴里玩。 The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 all the morning.  5.自从露西获得了她的新工作后,她变了很多。最近她一直都很出色地做她的工作。 Lucy 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　since she got her new job. Recently she 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 quite well.  三．语法填空。 A Every spring, the 356-year-old kapok tree (木棉树) in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall flowers, capturing the hearts of locals. Known as 1 “Kapok King”, it is a miracle of nature, as these trees rarely survive 2 a century in the wild. Its long life is due to the constant care and attention from an expert team. Led by Wang Yongyue, the team employs advanced technologies 3 (monitor) the tree’s health. They use CT scans to map roots up to seven or eight meters deep. “We also strike nails in the wood to create sound waves,” Wang explains. “If the wood 4 (be) hollow or decayed (腐烂的) inside, the speed of the sound changes. This helps us strengthen the tree 5 it’s too late.” Since 2009, Wang 6 (oversee) quarterly check-ups, with a critical focus on managing harmful insects. Instead of relying on strong 7 (chemical), the team practices biological control. Bi Keke, a lab expert, describes releasing natural enemies to hunt them. “It is a story of one 8 (beat) another in nature,” he notes, highlighting how this approach maintains 9 (ecology) balance. To the citizens of Guangzhou, this tree is more than a plant, it is a beloved family member 10 well-being connects the city’s past and future. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shennongjia, a world heritage site, is a place 1 the local people take things from nature without 2 (cause) damage. I visited a local village which is 3 (know) for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is 4 (produce) by the earliest species of Chinese bee. Every spring, the villagers place beehives around their houses 5 (attract) these wild bees from the forest. Although endangered elsewhere in China due 6 the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia 7 (coexist) with the local people for centuries. By providing the bees with 8 secure home, the villagers collect their honey in return. This is just one of the 9 (way) in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony 10 nature. C 阅读下面的短文或句子，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Luo Xianhua, a tea farmer from Tongmu village deep within the Wuyishan National Park, also serves as a forest ranger for at least 15 days every month. The national park, 1 (carve) on the UNESCO World Heritage List as a mixed cultural and natural heritage site, is home to the world's most well-preserved mid-subtropical forest ecosystem. 2 on watch at the Tongmu conservation station, Luo patrols (巡逻) the forest, monitors wildlife, and checks for fire hazards. He firmly holds the belief 3 a healthy environment is the foundation of high-quality tea. He tends his alpine tea garden and keeps a close eye on any signs of 4 (ecology) damage. Uniforms away, Luo returns to his tea garden 5 (earn) a living for his family. “Good environment is 6 guarantee to quality tea products, “he says. His words reflect a simple but profound truth: humans and the land cannot be separated. His efforts, 7 (fortunate), have inspired others in the community. So far,12 people from his village 8 (join) the ranger team to help protect the national park. All of them work as volunteers, patrolling the forest and preventing it 9 illegal logging. The Wuyishan National Park plays a critical role in global biodiversity conservation, 10 is why Luo takes his duty seriously. “We are not just protecting trees,” he explains. “We are protecting a living system.” 二．写作训练 1．每年6月8日为世界海洋日。假定你是李华，你校英文报现征集相关庆祝活动的标识图案，请你投稿。 内容包括：(1) 图案描述； (2) 设计解读。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 This is my logo for World Ocean Day activities. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展“共建绿色校园”倡议活动。请你写一封倡议信，向全校同学发出呼吁，内容包括： 1. 指出校园中存在的不环保现象(至少1点)； 2. 提出具体的改进建议(至少2点)； 3. 简述这些行动的意义，并表达你的期望。 注意： 1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3、开头已给出(不计入总词数)。 Dear fellow students, As we all know, our school is working hard to build a greener campus. However, I’ve noticed some environmentally unfriendly habits around us. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 3．假如你是校学生会主席李华，你非常关心目前的环境污染问题。请你代表学生会给英语报写一封倡议书，号召全校同学过低碳生活(low-carbon life)。内容包括： 1．说明环境污染问题； 2．提出具体措施； 3．发出倡议。 注意：1．写作词数应不少于100字； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，并请注意给出的逗号部分后面进行无缝衔接。 Dear fellow students, Currently, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly severe, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．假定你是李津，你校交换生Chris看到以下图片，对“绿水青山就是金山银山(Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.)”这句话很感兴趣，发邮件向你进一步了解。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 解释含义； 2. 举例说明。 注意：1. 不少于100； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头结尾已给出。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Jin 5．Last weekend, a group of high-school students, including Tom, Sarah, and their friends, participated in an environmental protection activity at a nearby river. The activity was organized by their school’s environmental club to raise awareness about water pollution and encourage people to take action to protect the river. When they arrived at the riverbank, they were shocked by what they saw. The river was filled with all kinds of garbage, from plastic bottles to old tires. The water was dark and smelly, and there were hardly any signs of aquatic life. Tom frowned and said, “This is even worse than we thought. We really need to do something to save this river.” The students immediately got to work. They divided themselves into groups. One group started to pick up the garbage along the riverbank, using long-handled tools to reach the trash floating in the water. Another group went around to the nearby factories and shops, distributing brochures about environmental protection and explaining the importance of not polluting the river. Sarah was in charge of taking pictures and recording videos to document the situation and their efforts. As they were working, a middle-aged man walked by. He looked at the students with curiosity and asked, “What are you kids doing?” Tom stepped forward and replied, “Sir, we’re trying to clean up this river. It’s in a really bad state, and we want to make people aware of the problem.” The man nodded, but then he said, “Do you really think a few kids like you can make a difference? This pollution has been going on for years.” Tom was a bit discouraged by his words, but he still firmly said, “We have to try. Every little bit helps, right?” The man just shrugged and walked away. After a long day of hard work, the riverbank looked much cleaner. However, they knew that this was just a small step, and there was still a long way to go to fully restore the river’s health... 注意： (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: That night, Tom couldn’t fall asleep. He kept thinking about the man’s words and the current situation of the river. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A few weeks later, the students organized a follow-up activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met the Man of the Trees in summer ten years ago, when I was visiting Uncle Jita. Those were difficult times. People were cutting down our forest, and there was often flooding. Sometimes our water supply was dirty. When our pump did have clean water, we had to wait in line for ages. When the pump wasn’t working, we had to walk five kilometers to the closest stream. But I was happy. I was going to see my favorite uncle. When the day finally arrived, Dad drove me to Uncle Jita’s house and left. Once he saw me, Uncle Jita announced, “Tomorrow we’re going to explore a magical place. Here is my camera, Amy. You can take photos of what you see.” The following day, we woke up and left early on a boat. The trip was exciting. But when we got off, there was... nothing in front of us. “I don’t want to take pictures of this,” I complained. Uncle laughed, “Start walking, Amy. I promise you’ll be surprised.” After some time, I could see the outline of a forest in the distance. A little closer, there was a man waving to us. “That’s Kabir. The forest you see is his. He planted every single tree.” As we walked towards Kabir, Uncle explained that thirty years ago, the whole area was a wasteland. But one day Kabir decided to change all that and started planting trees. Thanks to him, part of the wasteland is now a paradise (天堂). Uncle introduced me to Kabir, who had gray hair and a determined face. "Jita told me you like animals. Are you ready to see some?" he asked. “Of course!” I replied. We continued walking and soon were under the trees. I turned my head and was amazed at the difference between the two places. All because of the efforts of one man. Like Uncle said, Kabir’s forest was magical. We saw deer, rhinos, and even tigers. During lunchtime, Kabir explained how, by planting trees, it was possible to stop the land from eroding (侵蚀). 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 papra1: Hearing this, I turned to my uncle, "I think we can plant trees too." ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ para2: In the years that followed, people in our village worked hard to carry out our plan. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $