专题10 选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature 语法、写作讲解（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语外研版

专题10 选择性必修第一册Unit 5　Revealing nature 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 过去完成时 考点二 写作精讲（观察日记） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 过去完成时 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，指出黑体部分所属的时态。 1．By the time he was 14，Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin，as well as for orchestras.一般过去时；过去完成时 2．After they had known each other for many years，Beethoven said，“He is a good composer，but he has taught me nothing.”过去完成时；一般过去时 3．Before they visited India，they had recorded seven albums.一般过去时；过去完成时 [归纳用法] 一、过去完成时的结构 过去完成时由“had＋过去分词”构成。 二、过去完成时的用法 1．过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用的时间状语有already，before，ever，just，never，still，yet等)，也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语：since＋时间点，for＋时间段)。如： He had stayed here for two days before he left.他走之前在这儿待了两天。 He said that he had lived there since he was ten.他说他十岁起就住在那里了。 2．在“it was the first/second...time＋that从句”句型中，that从句常用过去完成时。 It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune. 这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是那一年他第三次失业。 3．过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如： He said he had been a soldier.他说他当过兵。 They said they had seen the film.他们说看过这部电影。 4．在hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如： Hardly/Scarcely had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 我一告诉她这一消息她就大哭了起来。 No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed.他一躺到床上就睡着了。 5．动词expect，hope，suppose，think，want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如： I had hoped to see you.我本希望去看你的。 He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing.他本想在北京买栋房子。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①When I got to school I found that my classmate (leave)． ②The man said that he (write)about 300 pieces of music. ③I (intend) to call on you，but I had an unexpected visitor. ④It was the first time that they (meet)． 三、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去的参照点。 I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came. 当公交车最终来的时候，我已在车站等了三十分钟。 He once worked as a teacher for 5 years，but now he is a successful manager. 他曾经做过5年教师，但现在他是一位成功的经理。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①He is a professor of Shandong University.He (stay) in America for 4 years. ②The three of us (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer. ③By nine o'clock last night，we (get) 200 pictures from the spaceship. ④He said he (work) in that factory since 1949. 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．By the end of June they (treat) over 10，000 patients. 2．He (serve) in the army for ten years before he worked in the company. 3．He (learn) English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 4．He told me that he (know) her since he was a child. 5．He had no sooner left the room than they (begin) to talk about him. 6．It was the first time that he (criticize) me in public. 7．I (hope) to be back last night，but I didn't catch the train. 8．When we got there，the basketball match (be) on for 3 minutes. 9．The son said that he wanted to go where his father (be)． 10．John，a friend of mine，spent $3，000 more than he had planned (plan) for the wedding. 二．短文语法填空 I still remember last winter，1. I woke up in the morning，it 2. (stop) snowing.Looking outside of the window，the shiny white snow on our lawn 3. (clean) by my father.I closed the book that I 4. (borrow)from local library and went downstairs for breakfast.Then my little brother came to tell me that he 5. (finish) all his homework and he had 6. very nice dream the night before.During the breakfast，one of my best friends came to visit my family.She went to Australia last year.7. that she 8. (prepare) for the examination of University of Sydney for half a year.She said she 9. (learn) some 10. (profession) knowledge in her field. 考点二 写作精讲 观察日记 写作积累 观察日记的常用词句 整体介绍 species n.物种,种类; observation n.观察; process n.过程;growth n.生长; conditions [pl.]n.条件,环境; environment n.环境; suitable adj.适合的; make a note of/keep a record of/note down记录,记下 1.Let me tell you how to plant a tree.让我告诉你如何种树。 2.Here is my observation of their growth.以下是我对它们生长的观察。 描述过程 container n.容器; sunshine n.阳光; length n.长度; width n.宽度; amount n.数量; appear/disappear v.出现/消失; store vt.储藏; sprout v.发芽; fill...with...用……装满……; compare...to...把……和……相比 1.Dig a hole large enough for the tree, but the hole should not be too deep.给树挖一个足够大的坑,但坑不应该太深。 2.The pink flower attracts several bees, which are dancing around it.这朵粉红色的花吸引了几只蜜蜂,它们围着花儿飞舞。 进行总结 prove v.证明;证明是; evidence n.证明; patience n.耐心; taste v.尝起来; smell v.发出……气味; shape n.形状; turn out 结果是; in the end最终 1.Watching their growth process is as interesting as enjoying the flowers.观看它们的生长过程就像欣赏花朵一样有趣。 2.Through the observation, I find it interesting to watch the growth process of strawberries in person.通过观察,我发现亲自观察草莓的生长过程很有趣。 写作题目 　　假设你是李华,英语老师让你观察某种植物的生长过程。请根据你所拍摄的图片写一篇观察日记,记述蒜苗的生长过程,以便在英语课上跟大家分享。内容包括: 1.播种方式; 2.生长过程; 3.生长结果。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 蒜瓣garlic clove;嫩芽tender shoot;蒜苗garlic sprout 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 思路点拨 遣词造句 一．用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　　　肩并肩地,并排地  2.　　　　　　从……出来  3.　　　　n.根  4.　　　　n.厘米  二．本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:播种方式 (1)I carefully divided the garlic bulbs into cloves and planted them 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (并排地) in a round plastic bowl, and the pointed ends 　　　　 　　　　 (朝上).   第二部分:生长过程 (2)With the garlic　　　　(生长), the roots grow　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(越来越长).  (3)The roots　　　　 　　　　(看起来像) the white beard of Grandpa.  第三部分:生长结果 (4) The garlic sprouts are growing higher and higher day by day, and they 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(已经长到20厘米左右了).   2.句式升级 (5)用with的复合结构改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (6)用定语从句合并句(2)和句(3) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 连句成篇 January 8 I carefully divided the garlic bulbs into cloves and planted them side by side in a round plastic bowl,. Then I poured enough water into the bowl and put it in a sunny place. Every day, I water them on time. January 16 Many light green tender shoots are getting out of the cloves., the roots white beard of Grandpa.   January 24 The garlic sprouts are growing higher and higher day by day, and they have grown to about 20 centimetres. All of them look very beautiful, and are not . 写作题目 　　你校英语报开设了“Learning to Observe”栏目。请用英语写一篇黄豆芽(soybean sprouts)生长观察日记,并向该栏目投稿,内容包括: 1.观察过程; 2.你的体会。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一．语法训练 A.单句语法填空 1.I found the lecture hard to follow because it 　　　　　(start) when I arrived.  2.The twins,who 　　　　　(finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton in the yard.  3.He　　　　　 (enter) the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.  4.I 　　　　　(intend) to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so by the heavy rain.  5.There was a knock on the door; it was the second time someone　　　　　(interrupt) me that evening.  6.(2025重庆渝北中学期中)I was really excited to hear that I 　　　　　(win) the competition for designing the new ￡1 coin but hugely shocked as well.  7.Instead of getting down to a new task as I 　　　　　 (expect),he examined the previous work again.  8.They might have found a better hotel if they 　　　　　 (drive) a few more kilometers.  二．用所给词的正确时态完成语篇 When the Titanic was built, people thought it would never sink. So, when it 　1　 (sink) on its first journey, the news surprised everyone greatly.  The Titanic set sail from England on April 10,1912. On the fifth day of its voyage, when it 　2　 (sail) at full speed towards New York, it hit an iceberg. The captain, who 　3　(receive) warnings about icebergs, 　4　(dismiss) the warnings. At 2:20 am, the Titanic sank into the sea. It 　5　 (hit) an iceberg just over two hours before the disaster. More than 1,500 people lost their lives, and only 710 people 　6　(survive). Explorer Robert Ballard 　7　(search) for the Titanic for years before he found it. With his cameras, Robert managed to get photos of the holes along the side of the ship which 　8　(cause) it to sink.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　  4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　 6.　　　　　  7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　  三．语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report questionnaire designed to identify a person’s personality type. The questionnaire 1 (develop) by Isabel Myers and her mother Katherine Briggs based on their work with Carl Jung’s theory of personality types in the early 1940s. Taking the MBTI can provide a lot of insight into your personality, which is probably 2 the MBTI is one of the world’s most widely used 3 (psychology) instruments today. The questionnaire 4 (it) is made up of four different scales, namely Extraversion (外向型) (E) — Introversion (I), Sensing (S)— Intuition (直觉型) (N), Thinking (T) — Feeling (F)and Judging (J) — Perceiving (P). Each type is listed by its four-letter code, such as ISTJ, ENFP,or INTJ. Based on the 5 (answer) to the questions in the questionnaire, people are identified 6 having one of 16 personality types. The goal of the MBTI is to help people identify and gain some understanding around how they take in information and make decisions, the patterns of perception and   7 (judge), as seen in normal, healthy behavior. No one personality type is “best” 8 “better” than another. Its goal is simply to help you learn more about yourself. While the MBTI 9 (remain) a popular assessment, there is not enough evidence for its scientific validity (有效性) to recommend 10 (use) it as a personality or career guidance tool. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been widely employed since the 11th century BC． 1 (bless) with a wealth of bamboo forests, China is the world’s largest producer of bamboo products and this resource, comparable in scale and economic impact 2 that of Ireland, secures its dominant position in the global market. 3 makes bamboo a highly favored choice is its green nature. Its edge lies not only in toughness and strength but in rapid growth and renewability. 4 trees (such as oak or teak) can take over a decade to mature, bamboo reaches a harvest-ready stage in just four to six years, allowing repeated harvests without replanting. In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo has replaced plastic in various products. With 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests covering 5 area about 80 percent of the size of New York City 6 a long-standing history of bamboo use, Anji serves as a model in showcasing 7 bamboo can be a perfect alternative to plastic. On the farm, bamboo-based film replaces plastic film in the 8 (preserve) of heat and water. Scenes of harmony between humankind and nature are emerging in Anji, where bamboo-driven development is promoted 9 (initiate) dialogues with nature and champion a greener future. Transformation, innovation, collaboration, and 10 (sustainable) grown natural treasures all form part of humanity’s shared heritage. The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been widely employed since the 11th century BC． 二．写作训练 1．假定你是李华，过去的几个月里，你坚持每周记录家附近公园里某种植物的生长，收获颇丰。请给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的观察内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2．假定你是正在英国留学的李华，在生物课上，老师要求同学们课后观察一种植物的生长过程，并用日志的形式将该过程记录下来。请你写一篇日志介绍草莓的生长过程，内容包括： 1. 幼苗（seedling）植入土壤； 2. 两周后：幼苗叶子变大，呈伞状； 3. 一个月后：长出花蕾（bud）； 4. 两个月后：雌蕊（pistil）变成草莓，约5天后草莓成熟（mature）。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．请根据提示信息，用英语写一篇观察日记，并向你校英语报“Learning to Observe”栏目投稿。 1．观察对象：黄豆芽(soybean sprouts)的生长； 2．观察过程： (1)黄豆用水浸泡10小时后开始变软、颜色变浅； (2)将泡好的豆芽置入容器，避光后第二天开始出现很小的芽； (3)第四天黄豆芽变长。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．使用恰当的过渡衔接词将下列句子连句成篇 1.查尔斯·达尔文还没有从医学院毕业，就响应号召去访问遥远的国度。 2. 这使他成为全家人的耻辱。 3. 一到这个美丽的岛屿，他就对岛上土生土长的植物产生了兴趣。 4. 他立即继续研究那些植物的特性。 5. 他甚至在卧室里放了一些样品。 6. 就在那时，他开始思考它们是如何从祖先进化而来的，这有助于他的进化论的产生。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Don’t judge each day by the harvest you get but by the seeds that you plant.” This simple yet deep wisdom came to life through the journey of a delicate plant in my family. Years ago, I received twelve small cuttings. With time, they grew into a beautiful plant with tiny, tear-shaped leaves hanging over the container’s edges. However, my inexperience almost killed it. Dried-up, brown leaves hung down from the pot, and I thought it was beyond saving. Desperate, I took it to my mother, Rose. With a gentle smile, she took charge, cutting back the branches, watering the remaining shoots, and encouraging the hidden leaves into the sunlight. Every year, the plant bloomed (开花) in warm months but faded in winter. Mom’s constant care ensured its springtime revival (复活) year after year. As the plant’s life cycle continued, my mother’s health declined as well. During a difficult spring when both faced challenges, Aunt Marion took over the plant’s care. She brought the weak, dried branches home and managed to revive it. The familiar pattern of growth and resting went on until one spring, when Aunt Marion thought it was hopeless and threw it away. But my cousin Carole, spotting the dried-up remains, gave the plant one last chance. Under her care in the sunroom, it beat the difficulties and grew again. Over the years, four women in my family — myself, my mother, my aunt, and my cousin — had cared for this plant. Similar to its journey, my life also had seasons of plenty and hard times. After my mother’s death, I moved over 500 miles away, seeking a fresh start. The long winter months that followed were filled with longing for my old life, even as I explored new horizons. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The reunion with my mother’s plant at my cousin’s house brought touching surprises. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back home, I planted those precious cuttings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When John pulled into his mother’s driveway with his young daughter, Lily, the sight of the familiar lychee (荔枝) tree welcomed them. “Look, Lily,” John said, pointing to the towering tree in the front yard. “It’s the family tree.” Lily smiled as John treated the tree as if it were a real family member, patting its trunk (树干) affectionately. As they were admiring the tree, the screen door opened and out stepped Grandma Mei, bathed in the warm Florida sunlight. Grandma Mei, who came from the province of Guangdong in China, was known for her green thumb, particularly when it came to lychees. Seeing her granddaughter, Grandma Mei adjusted her baseball cap and asked if Lily was ready for some lychees. But Lily hesitated, for the fruit’s appearance was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. With a laugh, Grandma Mei gave her a gentle hug. “More lychees for me then, John,” Grandma Mei said. “Let’s get busy!” John said with enthusiasm, rubbing his hands together. “Family tree’s waiting.” Hearing Dad calling the tree by name, Lily couldn’t help laughing. “Laugh if you want, Lily, but this tree is really family. On cold nights, before family tree was fully grown, Grandma Mei used to take my blanket and throw it over that tree.” Grandma Mei nodded, adding that she had to protect the tree from bad weather so that it would become a big strong tree and grow fruit for the whole family. John, eager to start the day’s work, began climbing the tree, determined to harvest the best lychees for the family. Lily watched in amazement, noticing the clusters (簇) of lychees, their skin rough yet inviting. As John skillfully cut through the branches with a cutter, Lily expressed her concern for the well-being of the tree. John explained to her that cutting the ends of branches won’t hurt family tree. Instead such behaviour made it healthier and stronger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 选择性必修第一册Unit 5　Revealing nature 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 过去完成时 考点二 写作精讲（观察日记） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 过去完成时 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，指出黑体部分所属的时态。 1．By the time he was 14，Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin，as well as for orchestras.一般过去时；过去完成时 2．After they had known each other for many years，Beethoven said，“He is a good composer，but he has taught me nothing.”过去完成时；一般过去时 3．Before they visited India，they had recorded seven albums.一般过去时；过去完成时 [归纳用法] 一、过去完成时的结构 过去完成时由“had＋过去分词”构成。 二、过去完成时的用法 1．过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用的时间状语有already，before，ever，just，never，still，yet等)，也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语：since＋时间点，for＋时间段)。如： He had stayed here for two days before he left.他走之前在这儿待了两天。 He said that he had lived there since he was ten.他说他十岁起就住在那里了。 2．在“it was the first/second...time＋that从句”句型中，that从句常用过去完成时。 It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune. 这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是那一年他第三次失业。 3．过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如： He said he had been a soldier.他说他当过兵。 They said they had seen the film.他们说看过这部电影。 4．在hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如： Hardly/Scarcely had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 我一告诉她这一消息她就大哭了起来。 No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed.他一躺到床上就睡着了。 5．动词expect，hope，suppose，think，want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如： I had hoped to see you.我本希望去看你的。 He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing.他本想在北京买栋房子。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①When I got to school I found that my classmate (leave)． ②The man said that he (write)about 300 pieces of music. ③I (intend) to call on you，but I had an unexpected visitor. ④It was the first time that they (meet)． 【答案】1.had left2.had written3.had intended4.had met 三、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去的参照点。 I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came. 当公交车最终来的时候，我已在车站等了三十分钟。 He once worked as a teacher for 5 years，but now he is a successful manager. 他曾经做过5年教师，但现在他是一位成功的经理。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①He is a professor of Shandong University.He (stay) in America for 4 years. ②The three of us (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer. ③By nine o'clock last night，we (get) 200 pictures from the spaceship. ④He said he (work) in that factory since 1949. 【答案】1.stayed 2.travelled 3.had got 4.had got5.had worked 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．By the end of June they (treat) over 10，000 patients. 2．He (serve) in the army for ten years before he worked in the company. 3．He (learn) English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 4．He told me that he (know) her since he was a child. 5．He had no sooner left the room than they (begin) to talk about him. 6．It was the first time that he (criticize) me in public. 7．I (hope) to be back last night，but I didn't catch the train. 8．When we got there，the basketball match (be) on for 3 minutes. 9．The son said that he wanted to go where his father (be)． 10．John，a friend of mine，spent $3，000 more than he had planned (plan) for the wedding. 【答案】1.had treated 2.had served3.had learned4.had known5.began 6.had criticized 7.had hoped8.had been 9.had been10.had planned 二．短文语法填空 I still remember last winter，1. I woke up in the morning，it 2. (stop) snowing.Looking outside of the window，the shiny white snow on our lawn 3. (clean) by my father.I closed the book that I 4. (borrow)from local library and went downstairs for breakfast.Then my little brother came to tell me that he 5. (finish) all his homework and he had 6. very nice dream the night before.During the breakfast，one of my best friends came to visit my family.She went to Australia last year.7. that she 8. (prepare) for the examination of University of Sydney for half a year.She said she 9. (learn) some 10. (profession) knowledge in her field. 【答案】1.when 2.had stopped3.had been cleaned4.had borrowed5.had finished6.a 7.Before 8.had prepared9.had learned10.professional 考点二 写作精讲 观察日记 写作积累 观察日记的常用词句 整体介绍 species n.物种,种类; observation n.观察; process n.过程;growth n.生长; conditions [pl.]n.条件,环境; environment n.环境; suitable adj.适合的; make a note of/keep a record of/note down记录,记下 1.Let me tell you how to plant a tree.让我告诉你如何种树。 2.Here is my observation of their growth.以下是我对它们生长的观察。 描述过程 container n.容器; sunshine n.阳光; length n.长度; width n.宽度; amount n.数量; appear/disappear v.出现/消失; store vt.储藏; sprout v.发芽; fill...with...用……装满……; compare...to...把……和……相比 1.Dig a hole large enough for the tree, but the hole should not be too deep.给树挖一个足够大的坑,但坑不应该太深。 2.The pink flower attracts several bees, which are dancing around it.这朵粉红色的花吸引了几只蜜蜂,它们围着花儿飞舞。 进行总结 prove v.证明;证明是; evidence n.证明; patience n.耐心; taste v.尝起来; smell v.发出……气味; shape n.形状; turn out 结果是; in the end最终 1.Watching their growth process is as interesting as enjoying the flowers.观看它们的生长过程就像欣赏花朵一样有趣。 2.Through the observation, I find it interesting to watch the growth process of strawberries in person.通过观察,我发现亲自观察草莓的生长过程很有趣。 写作题目 　　假设你是李华,英语老师让你观察某种植物的生长过程。请根据你所拍摄的图片写一篇观察日记,记述蒜苗的生长过程,以便在英语课上跟大家分享。内容包括: 1.播种方式; 2.生长过程; 3.生长结果。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 蒜瓣garlic clove;嫩芽tender shoot;蒜苗garlic sprout 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 思路点拨 遣词造句 一．用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　　　肩并肩地,并排地  2.　　　　　　从……出来  3.　　　　n.根  4.　　　　n.厘米  【答案】1.side by side　2.get out of　3.root 4.centimetre 二．本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:播种方式 (1)I carefully divided the garlic bulbs into cloves and planted them 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (并排地) in a round plastic bowl, and the pointed ends 　　　　 　　　　 (朝上).   第二部分:生长过程 (2)With the garlic　　　　(生长), the roots grow　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(越来越长).  (3)The roots　　　　 　　　　(看起来像) the white beard of Grandpa.  第三部分:生长结果 (4) The garlic sprouts are growing higher and higher day by day, and they 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(已经长到20厘米左右了).   【答案】(1)side by side;faced up (2)growing;longer and longer (3)look like (4)have grown to about 20 centimetres 2.句式升级 (5)用with的复合结构改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (6)用定语从句合并句(2)和句(3) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】(5)I carefully divided the garlic bulbs into cloves and planted them side by side in a round plastic bowl, with the pointed ends facing up. (6)With the garlic growing, the roots grow longer and longer, which look like the white beard of Grandpa. 连句成篇 January 8 I carefully divided the garlic bulbs into cloves and planted them side by side in a round plastic bowl,. Then I poured enough water into the bowl and put it in a sunny place. Every day, I water them on time. January 16 Many light green tender shoots are getting out of the cloves., the roots white beard of Grandpa.   January 24 The garlic sprouts are growing higher and higher day by day, and they have grown to about 20 centimetres. All of them look very beautiful, and are not . 写作题目 　　你校英语报开设了“Learning to Observe”栏目。请用英语写一篇黄豆芽(soybean sprouts)生长观察日记,并向该栏目投稿,内容包括: 1.观察过程; 2.你的体会。 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】　　In order to learn how soybeans grow into soybean sprouts, I grew some by myself.And here is my observation. When high-quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter.Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, soft small buds start to appear. During the following three days, the buds gradually become longer and longer. On the fourth day, the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. Watching the growth of soybean sprouts is a pleasure and I enjoy this process of observation. 1.重点词汇 ①high-quality adj.高质量的 ②completely adv.完全地 ③mature adj.成熟的,发育完全的 2.亮点句型 ①Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, soft small buds start to appear.(when引导时间状语从句,where引导定语从句,修饰先行词place)然后,当它们被放在一个容器里,在一个没有阳光的地方待一天,小而柔软的芽就开始出现。  ②Watching the growth of soybean sprouts is a pleasure and I enjoy this process of observation.(动名词短语作主语)观察黄豆芽的生长是一种乐趣,我很享受这个观察过程。  一．语法训练 A.单句语法填空 1.I found the lecture hard to follow because it 　　　　　(start) when I arrived.  2.The twins,who 　　　　　(finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton in the yard.  3.He　　　　　 (enter) the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.  4.I 　　　　　(intend) to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so by the heavy rain.  5.There was a knock on the door; it was the second time someone　　　　　(interrupt) me that evening.  6.(2025重庆渝北中学期中)I was really excited to hear that I 　　　　　(win) the competition for designing the new ￡1 coin but hugely shocked as well.  7.Instead of getting down to a new task as I 　　　　　 (expect),he examined the previous work again.  8.They might have found a better hotel if they 　　　　　 (drive) a few more kilometers.  1.【答案】had started　句意:我发现讲座难听懂,因为我到达时它已经开始了。“到达”是过去的动作,“讲座开始”发生在“我到达”之前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。 2.【答案】had finished　句意:这对双胞胎做完了作业,被允许在院子里打羽毛球。 “被允许在院子里打羽毛球”是过去的动作,“做完作业”发生在“被允许在院子里打羽毛球”之前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。 3.【答案】entered　分析句子可知,句中and连接三个并列的谓语动词。由turned on和read可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填 entered。 4.【答案】had intended　句意:我本来打算来看你的,但大雨阻止了我前来。 hope、 expect、 suppose、 think、 want、 intend等动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、设想或打算。 5.【答案】had interrupted　在“It/This was the first/second/... time that...”句型中,that从句常用过去完成时。 6.【答案】had won　句意:听说我赢得了设计新版1英镑硬币的比赛,我真的感到很兴奋,但也非常震惊。“赢得比赛”发生在“感到兴奋”前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。 7.【答案】had expected　句意:他没有像我期望的那样着手做新的工作,而是又检查了一遍先前的工作。根据句意可知,expect动作发生在examined之前,表示“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。 8.【答案】had driven　句意:如果他们再多开几千米,他们可能会找到更好的旅馆。由句意可知,此处使用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if引导的从句应用过去完成时。 二．用所给词的正确时态完成语篇 When the Titanic was built, people thought it would never sink. So, when it 　1　 (sink) on its first journey, the news surprised everyone greatly.  The Titanic set sail from England on April 10,1912. On the fifth day of its voyage, when it 　2　 (sail) at full speed towards New York, it hit an iceberg. The captain, who 　3　(receive) warnings about icebergs, 　4　(dismiss) the warnings. At 2:20 am, the Titanic sank into the sea. It 　5　 (hit) an iceberg just over two hours before the disaster. More than 1,500 people lost their lives, and only 710 people 　6　(survive). Explorer Robert Ballard 　7　(search) for the Titanic for years before he found it. With his cameras, Robert managed to get photos of the holes along the side of the ship which 　8　(cause) it to sink.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　  4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　 6.　　　　　  7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　  1.【答案】sank　句意:因此,当它第一次航行就沉没时,这个消息使每个人都大吃一惊。根据主句中的surprised可知此处讲述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。 2.【答案】was sailing　句意:在它航行的第五天,当它全速驶向纽约时,撞上了冰山。此处表示在过去某段时间正在进行的动作,因此用过去进行时。 3.【答案】had received　句意:船长收到了关于冰山的警告,(但)他没理会这些警告。dismiss动作发生在过去,receive动作发生在dismiss之前,因此用过去完成时。 4.【答案】dismissed　句意见上题。根据语境可知此处是过去发生的动作,故应用一般过去时。 5.【答案】had hit　句意:它在灾难发生前两个多小时撞上了冰山。根据上文“At 2:20 am, the Titanic sank into the sea.”可知hit动作发生在sank into the sea之前,因此用过去完成时。 6.【答案】survived　句意:一千五百多人丧生,只有七百一十人幸存。根据并列分句中的lost可知此处应用一般过去时。 7.【答案】had searched/searched　句意:探险家罗伯特·巴拉德花了数年才找到泰坦尼克号。search动作发生在found之前,因此可以用过去完成时。此外,before表示的先后关系非常明显,所以此处用一般过去时也是对的。 8.【答案】had caused　句意:罗伯特设法用他的相机拍下了导致船下沉的位于船舷上的洞的照片。managed动作发生在过去,cause动作发生在managed之前,表示“过去的过去”,因此设空处用过去完成时。 三．语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report questionnaire designed to identify a person’s personality type. The questionnaire 1 (develop) by Isabel Myers and her mother Katherine Briggs based on their work with Carl Jung’s theory of personality types in the early 1940s. Taking the MBTI can provide a lot of insight into your personality, which is probably 2 the MBTI is one of the world’s most widely used 3 (psychology) instruments today. The questionnaire 4 (it) is made up of four different scales, namely Extraversion (外向型) (E) — Introversion (I), Sensing (S)— Intuition (直觉型) (N), Thinking (T) — Feeling (F)and Judging (J) — Perceiving (P). Each type is listed by its four-letter code, such as ISTJ, ENFP,or INTJ. Based on the 5 (answer) to the questions in the questionnaire, people are identified 6 having one of 16 personality types. The goal of the MBTI is to help people identify and gain some understanding around how they take in information and make decisions, the patterns of perception and   7 (judge), as seen in normal, healthy behavior. No one personality type is “best” 8 “better” than another. Its goal is simply to help you learn more about yourself. While the MBTI 9 (remain) a popular assessment, there is not enough evidence for its scientific validity (有效性) to recommend 10 (use) it as a personality or career guidance tool. 【答案】1．was developed 2．why 3．psychological 4．itself 5．answers 6．as 7．judgment 8．or 9．remains 10．using 【导语】本文介绍了MBTI人格测试的研发背景、四维维度与十六种人格类型，说明其用于帮助人们认知自我，但指出该测试缺乏充足科学依据，不宜作为专业测评工具。 【详解】1．考查时态语态。句意：这份调查问卷是由伊莎贝尔·迈尔斯和她的母亲凯瑟琳·布里格斯在20世纪40年代初根据他们对卡尔·荣格的人格类型理论的研究而编制的。根据时间状语in the early 1940s可知，空白处应用一般过去时；且本句主语The questionnaire与动词develop为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 2．考查表语从句。句意：进行MBTI测试能够帮助我们深入了解自己的性格特点，这也是为什么MBTI如今已成为全球使用最为广泛的心理测试工具之一的原因所在。引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，故空白处应填入连接副词why。 3．考查形容词。句意：进行MBTI测试能够帮助我们深入了解自己的性格特点，这也是为什么MBTI如今已成为全球使用最为广泛的心理测试工具之一的原因所在。空白处应用形容词psychological，作定语修饰名词instruments。 4．考查代词。句意：这份调查问卷由四个不同的量表组成，分别是：外向型（E）—内向型（I）、感知型（S）—直觉型（N）、思考型（T）—情感型（F）、判断型（J）—感知型（P）。谓语is made up of的主语是The questionnaire本身，故用反身代词作同位语。 5．考查名词。句意：根据问卷中问题的回答结果，人们被归类为属于16种不同性格类型中的一种。由空白处前的the可知，answer此处是名词，意为“答案”，为可数名词；根据空白处后的 questions可知，空白处应用复数形式。 6．考查介词。句意：根据问卷中问题的回答结果，人们被归类为属于16种不同性格类型中的一种。identify... as意为“认为……是……”。 7．考查名词。句意：MBTI 的目标是帮助人们了解并掌握自己获取信息和做出决策的方式，即感知和判断的模式，这些模式体现在正常、健康的行为之中。空白处与perception用and连接，是并列关系，共同作 of的宾语，故用名词judgment。 8．考查连词。句意：不存在哪种性格类型是“最好”或“更优越”的。此处 best和 better是两个并列成分，表示选择关系，故用连词 or。 9．考查谓语动词。句意：尽管MBTI仍是一种广受欢迎的评估工具，但目前尚无足够的证据证明其具有科学有效性，因此不建议将其用作性格或职业指导的手段。根据下文的 is可知，空白处应用一般现在时，主语 the MBTI 与动词 remain 为主动关系。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管MBTI仍是一种广受欢迎的评估工具，但目前尚无足够的证据证明其具有科学有效性，因此不建议将其用作性格或职业指导的手段。recommend doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been widely employed since the 11th century BC． 1 (bless) with a wealth of bamboo forests, China is the world’s largest producer of bamboo products and this resource, comparable in scale and economic impact 2 that of Ireland, secures its dominant position in the global market. 3 makes bamboo a highly favored choice is its green nature. Its edge lies not only in toughness and strength but in rapid growth and renewability. 4 trees (such as oak or teak) can take over a decade to mature, bamboo reaches a harvest-ready stage in just four to six years, allowing repeated harvests without replanting. In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo has replaced plastic in various products. With 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests covering 5 area about 80 percent of the size of New York City 6 a long-standing history of bamboo use, Anji serves as a model in showcasing 7 bamboo can be a perfect alternative to plastic. On the farm, bamboo-based film replaces plastic film in the 8 (preserve) of heat and water. Scenes of harmony between humankind and nature are emerging in Anji, where bamboo-driven development is promoted 9 (initiate) dialogues with nature and champion a greener future. Transformation, innovation, collaboration, and 10 (sustainable) grown natural treasures all form part of humanity’s shared heritage. The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been widely employed since the 11th century BC． 【答案】1．Blessed 2．to 3．What 4．While 5．an 6．and 7．how 8．preservation 9．to initiate 10．sustainably 【导语】本文介绍了竹子作为一种多功能、环保的材料在中国（尤其是浙江安吉）的广泛应用及其优势，并展望了其推动人与自然和谐相处、创造绿色未来的潜力。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国拥有丰富的竹林资源，是世界上最大的竹制品生产国，并且这种资源，在规模和经济影响上可与爱尔兰相媲美，确保了中国在全球市场的主导地位。is是句子谓语，空处作状语，逻辑主语China与bless之间是被动关系，且位于句首，应用过去分词作原因状语。 2．考查固定搭配。句意同上。comparable to是固定搭配，意为“可与……相媲美”。 3．考查主语从句。句意：竹子深受青睐的原因在于其绿色环保的本质。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“使竹子深受青睐的那个特质”，应用What，且句首单词首字母需大写。 4．考查状语从句。句意：尽管（像橡木或柚木这样的）树木可能需要十多年才能成熟，竹子只需四到六年就能达到可采伐的阶段。前后句形成对比，表示“然而，尽管”，应用While引导让步状语从句，且句首单词首字母需大写。 5．考查冠词。句意：安吉竹林面积达 666 平方公里，约相当于纽约市总面积的八成，且当地有着悠久的竹子利用历史，堪称典范，充分展现竹子如何能成为塑料的完美替代品。此处area是单数可数名词，且表示“一片……地区域”，应用不定冠词an。 6．考查连词。句意同上。空格连接“666 square kilometers of bamboo forests”和“a long-standing history of bamboo use”两个并列的介词宾语，应用and。 7．考查宾语从句。句意同上。空格位于及物动词showcasing之后，引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，但缺少表示“方式、程度”的状语，应用how，意为“如何”。 8．考查名词。句意：在农场上，竹基薄膜在保温和保水方面取代了塑料薄膜。空格位于定冠词the之后，介词of之前，应用名词形式。preserve的名词形式是preservation。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：在安吉，人与自然和谐相处的景象正在涌现，在那里，以竹为动力的发展被推广，以开启与自然的对话，倡导一个更绿色的未来。句子主干是“bamboo-driven development is promoted”，initiate应用非谓语形式。此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。 10．考查副词。句意：转型升级、创新合作以及可持续生长的自然物产，都是人类人类共享遗产的一部分。修饰动词grown，使用副词形式sustainably作状语。 二．写作训练 1．假定你是李华，过去的几个月里，你坚持每周记录家附近公园里某种植物的生长，收获颇丰。请给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的观察内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, Hope you’re doing well. I’m writing to share a meaningful experience with you. Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. This experience taught me so much. Not only did I learn about the rose’s growth cycle, but I also cultivated patience and attentiveness. Moreover, these weekly moments in nature relaxed me and helped relieve the pressure of my studies. Have you ever had a similar experience? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，介绍自己在家附近公园里的观察内容和收获。 【详解】1.词汇积累 记录：record→keep records of 培养：cultivate→develop/foster 缓解：relieve→alleviate 使某人放松：relax sb→make sb relaxed 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. 拓展句：Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth, which ranged from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn.（运用了现在分词recording作状语） 【高分句型2】Not only did I learn about the rose’s growth cycle, but I also cultivated patience and attentiveness（运用了Not only位于句首引起的部分倒装） 2．假定你是正在英国留学的李华，在生物课上，老师要求同学们课后观察一种植物的生长过程，并用日志的形式将该过程记录下来。请你写一篇日志介绍草莓的生长过程，内容包括： 1. 幼苗（seedling）植入土壤； 2. 两周后：幼苗叶子变大，呈伞状； 3. 一个月后：长出花蕾（bud）； 4. 两个月后：雌蕊（pistil）变成草莓，约5天后草莓成熟（mature）。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文： Strawberries are many people’s favourite fruit and some people even want to try planting strawberries by themselves. Actually, the growth process of them is pretty long. Here is my observation about them. The leaves of the seedlings gradually grow into larger umbrella-shaped leaves after they have been planted in the soil for two weeks. One month later, small buds begin to appear. The following process is a little longer. It takes about two months for the pistils to grow into real strawberries. And five days later, we can enjoy fresh mature strawberries. Isn’t it interesting to watch the growth process of strawberries in person? 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，写一篇日志介绍自己观察到的草莓的生长过程，应主要按照时间顺序，从种植幼苗、两周后、一个月后和两个月后四个主要节点进行描述。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 逐渐地：gradually→in a gradual way, step by step 实际上：actually→in fact, in reality, as a matter of fact 接下来的：following→next, subsequent 有趣的：interesting→absorbing, engrossing 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：It takes about two months for the pistils to grow into real strawberries. And five days later, we can enjoy fresh mature strawberries. 拓展句：It takes about two months for the pistils to grow into real strawberries, five days after which we can enjoy fresh mature strawberries. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The leaves of the seedlings gradually grow into larger umbrella-shaped leaves after they have been planted in the soil for two weeks. (运用了after引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Isn’t it interesting to watch the growth process of strawberries in person? (运用了it作形式主语、不定式作真正的主语) 3．请根据提示信息，用英语写一篇观察日记，并向你校英语报“Learning to Observe”栏目投稿。 1．观察对象：黄豆芽(soybean sprouts)的生长； 2．观察过程： (1)黄豆用水浸泡10小时后开始变软、颜色变浅； (2)将泡好的豆芽置入容器，避光后第二天开始出现很小的芽； (3)第四天黄豆芽变长。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 I’m sure that you have ever tasted soybean sprouts. In order to learn how long it usually takes to grow soybean sprouts, I grew some soybean sprouts myself. Here is my observation. When high quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter. Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, small and soft buds start to appear. During the following three days, the buds gradually become longer and longer. On the fourth day, the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. Watching the growth of soybean sprouts is a pleasure and I enjoy this process of observation. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据提示信息，用英语写一篇观察日记，并向校英语报“Learning to Observe”栏目投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 开始：begin→start 逐渐地：gradually→inch by inch 观察：watch→observe 喜欢：enjoy→be fond of 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：During the following three days, the buds gradually become longer and longer. 拓展句：It is during the following three days that the buds gradually become longer and longer. 【点睛】[高分句型1] When high quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, small and soft buds start to appear. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句，where引导的定语从句) 4．使用恰当的过渡衔接词将下列句子连句成篇 1.查尔斯·达尔文还没有从医学院毕业，就响应号召去访问遥远的国度。 2. 这使他成为全家人的耻辱。 3. 一到这个美丽的岛屿，他就对岛上土生土长的植物产生了兴趣。 4. 他立即继续研究那些植物的特性。 5. 他甚至在卧室里放了一些样品。 6. 就在那时，他开始思考它们是如何从祖先进化而来的，这有助于他的进化论的产生。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文 Not having completed his degree in medical school, Charles Darwin answered the call to visit distant countries. However, it made him a disgrace to all the family. On arriving at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants which were native to the island. Immediately, he went on studying the characteristics of those plants. He even had some samples placed in his bedroom. Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors, which contributed to his theory of evolution. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生根据提示写一篇关于查尔斯·达尔文的作文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 立即：immediately→instantly 感兴趣：become interested in→take interest in 美丽的：beautiful→picturesque 遥远的：distant→remote 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：On arriving at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants which were native to the island. 拓展句：The moment he arrived at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants which were native to the island. 【点睛】[高分句型1] On arriving at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants which were native to the island. (运用了which引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors, which contributed to his theory of evolution. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Don’t judge each day by the harvest you get but by the seeds that you plant.” This simple yet deep wisdom came to life through the journey of a delicate plant in my family. Years ago, I received twelve small cuttings. With time, they grew into a beautiful plant with tiny, tear-shaped leaves hanging over the container’s edges. However, my inexperience almost killed it. Dried-up, brown leaves hung down from the pot, and I thought it was beyond saving. Desperate, I took it to my mother, Rose. With a gentle smile, she took charge, cutting back the branches, watering the remaining shoots, and encouraging the hidden leaves into the sunlight. Every year, the plant bloomed (开花) in warm months but faded in winter. Mom’s constant care ensured its springtime revival (复活) year after year. As the plant’s life cycle continued, my mother’s health declined as well. During a difficult spring when both faced challenges, Aunt Marion took over the plant’s care. She brought the weak, dried branches home and managed to revive it. The familiar pattern of growth and resting went on until one spring, when Aunt Marion thought it was hopeless and threw it away. But my cousin Carole, spotting the dried-up remains, gave the plant one last chance. Under her care in the sunroom, it beat the difficulties and grew again. Over the years, four women in my family — myself, my mother, my aunt, and my cousin — had cared for this plant. Similar to its journey, my life also had seasons of plenty and hard times. After my mother’s death, I moved over 500 miles away, seeking a fresh start. The long winter months that followed were filled with longing for my old life, even as I explored new horizons. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The reunion with my mother’s plant at my cousin’s house brought touching surprises. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back home, I planted those precious cuttings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The reunion with my mother’s plant at my cousin’s house brought touching surprises. On my first visit back the next June, I stayed with my cousin. One morning, while having coffee in her kitchen, the beautiful plant by the window caught my eye. “That was your mother’s plant,” Carole said in a soft voice, offering me some cuttings. I was uncertain, but she comforted me, “The more you cut it back, the fuller and stronger it becomes.” She then told about its generational history, passed down from my mother to her mother. Back home, I planted those precious cuttings. Much to my great joy, they grew well, filling two large pots. This plant’s two-decade journey through my family, from my first failure to its eventual return, became a symbol of our shared love. It reminded me how we grow through each other’s care. Reflecting on this experience, I realized that the plant’s story was a mirror of life itself. Just like it, life is not about immediate rewards, but it’s about the efforts we make, the care we give, and the faith we hold. Even in the face of difficulties, as long as we are patient and persistent, new life and hope will always emerge. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者曾经收到12个小剪枝，快要枯萎的时候，作者把它交给了母亲罗斯。母亲把这种植物照顾得很好，但是随着植物生命周期的继续，母亲的健康状况也在下降，玛丽恩阿姨接管了这株植物的照顾，几经辗转表姐卡罗尔再次接手。母亲去世后，作者再次回到表姐家，看到了再次繁盛的植物，感悟植物的故事是生命本身的一面镜子。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在我表姐家和母亲的植物团聚带来了令人感动的惊喜”可知，第一段可描写作者看到植物后的反应以及表姐的安慰。 ②由第二段首句内容“回到家，我种下了那些珍贵的插枝”可知，第二段可描写作者种植插枝以及感悟。 2.续写线索：看到植物繁茂——表姐安慰——种下插枝——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①传递：pass down/pass on ②意识到：realize/be aware of ③出现：emerge/appear 情绪类 ①高兴：joy/pleasure ②坚持：persistent/consistent 【点睛】[高分句型1] One morning, while having coffee in her kitchen, the beautiful plant by the window caught my eye.（运用了状语从句的省略） [高分句型2] It reminded me how we grow through each other’s care.（运用了how引导宾语从句） 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When John pulled into his mother’s driveway with his young daughter, Lily, the sight of the familiar lychee (荔枝) tree welcomed them. “Look, Lily,” John said, pointing to the towering tree in the front yard. “It’s the family tree.” Lily smiled as John treated the tree as if it were a real family member, patting its trunk (树干) affectionately. As they were admiring the tree, the screen door opened and out stepped Grandma Mei, bathed in the warm Florida sunlight. Grandma Mei, who came from the province of Guangdong in China, was known for her green thumb, particularly when it came to lychees. Seeing her granddaughter, Grandma Mei adjusted her baseball cap and asked if Lily was ready for some lychees. But Lily hesitated, for the fruit’s appearance was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. With a laugh, Grandma Mei gave her a gentle hug. “More lychees for me then, John,” Grandma Mei said. “Let’s get busy!” John said with enthusiasm, rubbing his hands together. “Family tree’s waiting.” Hearing Dad calling the tree by name, Lily couldn’t help laughing. “Laugh if you want, Lily, but this tree is really family. On cold nights, before family tree was fully grown, Grandma Mei used to take my blanket and throw it over that tree.” Grandma Mei nodded, adding that she had to protect the tree from bad weather so that it would become a big strong tree and grow fruit for the whole family. John, eager to start the day’s work, began climbing the tree, determined to harvest the best lychees for the family. Lily watched in amazement, noticing the clusters (簇) of lychees, their skin rough yet inviting. As John skillfully cut through the branches with a cutter, Lily expressed her concern for the well-being of the tree. John explained to her that cutting the ends of branches won’t hurt family tree. Instead such behaviour made it healthier and stronger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文： Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. After John continued to climb higher and pick more lychees, she approached Grandma and asked shyly, “Can you show me how to take the spiky skin off the lychee, Grandma?” Grandma Mei smiled with delight. With practiced hands, she took the skin off to show the juicy fruit beneath. “Here you go, dear,” she handed it to Lily. The initial taste made Lily’s face light up in surprise. The sweetness was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family. John told his childhood days, climbing and playing around the same tree. Lily, now a new fan of the fruit, listened attentively, her hands busy with another lychee, understanding the deeper roots of her family’s legacy. The family tree, standing tall, silently witnessed another beautiful day binding the generations together even more tightly. 【导语】文章以荔枝树为线索展开，讲述了John开车带着Lily来到Mei奶奶家的车道时，那棵熟悉的荔枝树迎接了他们。看到孙女，奶奶问Lily是否要吃荔枝。John热情地要行动起来摘荔枝。John，急于开始一天的工作，开始爬树，决心为家人收获最好的荔枝。当John熟练地用割刀剪断树枝时，Lily表达了她对这棵树健康状况的关心。John向她解释说，剪掉树枝的末端不会伤害到荔枝树。相反，这种行为使它更健康、更强壮。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“Lily对水果的犹豫逐渐变成了好奇，她想尝尝。”可知，第一段可描写Lily初次品尝荔枝的过程和感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“下午晚些时候，他们都坐在树下，周围是装满荔枝的盒子，分享与荔枝有关的故事。”可知，第二段可描写奶奶和爸爸跟Lily分享故事的过程以及Lily的反应。 2.续写线索：爸爸摘了很多荔枝——Lily询问奶奶荔枝的吃法——奶奶剥下果皮并递给Lily——荔枝的味道让Lily感到惊讶——奶奶和爸爸分享与荔枝有关的故事——Lily专心听讲——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 继续做某事：continue to do sth./proceed to do sth. 面露喜色：light up/beam with delight 忙于做某事：be busy with sth./be occupied with sth. 情绪类 惊讶地：in surprise/in astonishment 专心地：attentively/intently 【点睛】[高分句型1] Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family.（运用了how引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] John told his childhood days, climbing and playing around the same tree.（运用了现在分词作状语） 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $