Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you Using Language 语法 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦过去分词（短语）作状语，通过4个典型例句导入，分析其逻辑主语与句子主语的被动关系，系统讲解时间、条件、原因等5种状语类型及注意事项，构建从实例感知到规则归纳的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合语法转换（如时间状语从句与过去分词转换）和对比分析（过去分词与现在分词作状语区别），培养学生思维品质，通过单句填空、独立主格结构练习提升语言能力。帮助学生精准掌握语法应用，教师可高效开展分层教学。

Using language B3U1 V-ED AS ADVERBIAL 1. Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. 2. Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt… 3. Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired. 4. When told the news, he burst into tears. 观察上面的句子可知，句1、2、3荧光部分为过去分词作 ，说明谓语动作发生的背景或情况，一般都有逗号同其他成分隔开。这些过去分词的逻辑主语为句子的 ，且与其是 关系。过去分词前面可以带有相应的 ，如when、while、though、although、even if、as if 等(见句4)。过去分词(短语)在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。 状语 主语 被动 连词 1. The flowers bought yesterday can grow well if (water) twice every week. 2. These problems, if not (solve) properly, will seriously affect the growth of teenagers. 3. Although (exhaust) because of the long journey, children felt excited to appreciate the beautiful scenery. watered solved exhausted 过去分词（短语）作状语的基本用法： （1）概述：过去分词(短语)作状语通常表示被动的或已经完成的动作，说明谓语动作发生的背景或情况。过去分词的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，二者之间为被动关系。 （2）过去分词(短语)作状语的类型 ①过去分词(短语)作时间状语，可转换为由when 或 while 等引导的时间状语从句。 Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful. = When it is seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看时，整个城镇看起来更美了。 （2）过去分词(短语)作状语的类型 ②过去分词(短语)作条件状语，可转换为由once、if 或 unless 等引导的条件状语从句。 Given ten more minutes, we will finish the work perfectly. = If we are given ten more minutes, we will finish the work perfectly. 如果再给10分钟，我们会完美地完成这项工作。 （2）过去分词(短语)作状语的类型 ③过去分词(短语)作原因状语，可转换为由because、as 或 since 等引导的原因状语从句。 Greatly inspired by what he did, I joined him in helping others. = Because I was greatly inspired by what he did, I joined him in helping others. 由于受到他所做事情的极大鼓舞，我和他一起来帮助他人。 （2）过去分词(短语)作状语的类型 ④过去分词(短语)作让步状语，可转换为由though、although 等引导的让步状语从句。 Born in poverty, he became a great scientist. = Although he was born in poverty, he became a great scientist. 尽管出身贫寒，他仍成为伟大的科学家。 （2）过去分词(短语)作状语的类型 ⑤ 过去分词(短语)作方式或伴随状语，常可转换为并列分句，位置可在句首或句末。 Grouped by class, students actively participated in the activity, following the instructions of experienced teachers. = The students were grouped by class and they actively participated in the activity, following the instructions of experienced teachers. 学生按班级分组，在经验丰富的老师的指导下，积极参与了本次活动。 before、after 一般不直接与过去分词连用，因为这两个词还可作介词，后面需要接 being done（动名词的被动形式）。 如：She waited for over 9 hours before being rescued. 她等了9个多小时才获救。 ①Because I was inspired by the positive changes I made to my life, I devoted my life to helping others find the same fulfillment. ②The “Father’s Day Parent-Child Activity” is aimed at celebrating the parent-child bond, and it will be hosted next Sunday. ③When you are faced with difficulties, you can break down your tasks into smaller parts and set achievable goals. 三、过去分词(短语)作状语的注意事项 (1)“连词+过去分词(短语)”结构作状语时，相当于状语从句的省略，使其含义更明确。 例：When (he is) asked why he is full of energy, he often says that it is vital to take enough exercise. 当被问及他为什么精力充沛时，他经常说，进行足够的锻炼至关重要。 (2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语保持一致（现在分词(短语)作状语同样如此），否则需加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。 例： He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。 (3)有些形容词化的过去分词(短语)作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。常见的有：lost（迷失的）、seated（坐下来的）、located（位于）、hidden（隐藏的）、lost/absorbed in（沉浸于）、dressed in（穿着）、tired of（厌烦）等。 例： Located in the east of China, my hometown is a well-known coastal city. 我的家乡位于中国东部，是一个著名的沿海城市。 四、过去分词(短语)与现在分词(短语)作状语的区别 • 过去分词(短语)与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系； • 现在分词(短语)与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。 例1：Compared with other problems she was faced with, this one was not important. 与她面临的其他问题相比，这个问题并不重要。 例2：Comparing the problem with others she was faced with, she found this one was not important. 她把这个问题与她面临的其他问题做了对比，发现这个问题并不重要。 五、单句语法填空/完成句子 ① （absorb）in painting, Tom didn’t notice his father approaching. ② (look） back on all those difficult times in the past, Tina could not help but let out a sigh. ③ She returned to the shop the following morning, （dress） in a woollen coat, with a handbag in her right hand. ④（状语从句的省略） （如果我被录取 admit）， I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and to spread our advanced science. ⑤（独立主格结构）The boy rushed in, his face covered with sweat. 那个男孩冲进来，他的脸全是汗水。 Absorbed Looking dressed If admitted 独立主格结构，本质上是一个自带主语的状语。 • 普通的过去分词/现在分词作状语，逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致。 • 独立主格结构，自带一个和主句主语不一样的“小主语”，和主句主语互不干扰，它自己的逻辑主语和分词保持主动/被动关系即可。 它的公式是： 名词/代词（逻辑主语） + 分词/形容词/副词/介词短语 The boy rushed in, his face covered with sweat. （那个男孩冲了进来，他的脸上满是汗水。） 如果不用独立主格，要改成两个句子： The boy rushed in. His face was covered with sweat. 用独立主格就能合并成一句，更简洁高级。 常见的独立主格结构类型 1. 名词/代词 + 过去分词（被动/完成） The work finished, we went home. 工作完成了，我们回家了。 （the work 和 finish 是被动关系） 2. 名词/代词 + 现在分词（主动/进行） He sat there, his eyes looking at the sky. 他坐在那里，眼睛望着天空。 （his eyes 和 look 是主动关系） 3. 名词/代词 + 形容词/副词/介词短语 He entered the room, his nose red with cold.（形容词） The meeting over, everyone left.（副词） The teacher came in, a book in her hand.（介词短语） 避坑提醒 • 独立主格结构不是完整句子，不能有谓语动词，只能用分词/形容词/副词/介词短语。 • 它和主句之间用逗号隔开，不能用连词（and/but 等）。 • 分词的主动/被动，只看它和它自己的小主语，和主句主语无关。 $