暑假作业11 used to do与相关易混结构辨析（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦used to do及易混结构系统辨析，通过对比表格、错误分析构建方法体系，结合多题型语境化应用，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心结构|3组对比|表格归纳含义、用法及例句，明确“过去习惯/被动使用/习惯于”差异|从概念辨析到语法形式（否定/疑问），再到与现在完成时横向对比，形成逻辑链条| |易错点|2类错误|总结to后接动名词、否定疑问形式等典型错误及修正|针对学生高频混淆点，结合例句强化正确用法| |综合应用|单选10题+完成句子10题+完形1篇+阅读4篇+首字母1篇|语境化考查结构辨析与应用，从单句到语篇逐步提升|题型覆盖中考常见形式，实现从基础到综合的能力迁移|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业11 used to do与相关易混结构辨析 一、三个核心结构区别 结构 含义 用法说明 例句 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 强调过去的习惯，现在不做了 I used to go to school by bike. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接动名词 / 名词 I am used to getting up early. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 被动语态，use 的本义 "使用" The knife is used to cut apples. 二、used to 的否定和疑问形式 1. 否定句：两种形式 didn't use to do（最常用） used not to do（较正式） I didn't use to like coffee. / I used not to like coffee. 2. 一般疑问句：两种形式 Did...use to do...?（最常用） Used...to do...?（较正式） Did you use to play football? / Used you to play football? 三、与现在完成时的区别 1. used to do：仅强调过去的习惯，现在已经停止 He used to smoke.（现在不抽了） 2. have done：强调动作持续到现在 He has smoked for 10 years.（现在还在抽） 四、易错易混概念 1. be used to doing 中 to 后接动词原形 错误：I am used to get up early. 正确：I am used to getting up early. 2. 混淆 used to do（过去常常）和 be used to do（被用来） used to 的否定句和疑问句形式错误 错误：I usedn't to go there. 正确：I didn't use to go there. 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My cousin ______ walk to school, but now she ______ riding a shared bike（共享单车）. A. used to; is used to B. is used to; used to C. used to; used to D. is used to; is used to 2. This new AI robot ______ help students with their homework at home now. A. used to B. is used to C. is used for D. was used to 3. —______ you ______ play computer games till midnight when you were in primary school? —No, never. My parents were very strict with me. A. Did; used to B. Used; to C. Did; use to D. B and C 4. I ______ like drinking milk, but now I have it every morning because it's good for my health. A. didn't used to B. used not to C. didn't use to D. B and C 5. My grandpa ______ in the countryside for 30 years, so he ______ the quiet life there. A. has lived; is used to B. used to live; is used to C. has lived; used to D. used to live; used to 6. Bamboo（竹子）______ build houses in some places of China long ago, and people ______ eating bamboo shoots（竹笋）now. A. used to; are used to B. was used to; are used to C. was used to; used to D. used to; used to 7. You will soon ______ the life in the boarding school（寄宿学校）if you try to make more friends. A. used to B. be used to C. be used for D. use to 8. When I was a little girl, I ______ sit by the window and watch the rain with my grandma. A. would B. used to C. was used to D. A and B 9. The doctor told him that he should give up smoking as soon as possible, for he ______ for 20 years. A. used to smoke B. has smoked C. is used to smoking D. was used to smoking 10. —What do you think of the dish? —It's delicious. But I ______ the spicy（辛辣的）food because I live in the north of China. A. didn't use to B. am not used to C. used not to D. am used to 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 过去人们常写信保持联系，但现在习惯用微信（WeChat）。 People ____ ____ ____ letters to keep in touch, but now they ____ ____ ____ ____ WeChat. 2. 这台旧机器过去被用来加工小麦（wheat）。 This old machine ____ ____ ____ process wheat. 3. 汤姆过去不喜欢游泳，但现在他每周游三次。 Tom ____ ____ ____ swimming, but now he swims three times a week. 4. 你的叔叔过去常在周末去钓鱼吗？ ____ your uncle ____ ____ go fishing on weekends? 5. 我妹妹已经习惯了每天早上读英语。 My sister ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ English every morning. 6. 对划线部分提问：They used to have a picnic in the park once a month. ____ ____ ____ they ____ ____ have a picnic in the park? 7. 改为同义句：The knife is used for cutting meat. The knife ____ ____ ____ ____ meat. 8. 改为否定句：My father used to smoke a lot. My father ____ ____ ____ smoke a lot. 9. 用 used to 改写句子：He doesn't play the piano now. He ____ ____ ____ the piano. 10. 改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答：She used to be afraid of the dark. —____ she ____ ____ be afraid of the dark? —Yes, she ____. 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School's Green Project Last term, our school started a Green Project to call on（号召）students to protect the environment. At first, I 1.____ it would be boring and difficult. I 2.____ throw rubbish everywhere and didn't care about recycling（回收利用）. But after joining the project, everything changed. Our teacher told us that the earth 3.____ a lot because of human activities. She showed us some pictures of rivers that 4.____ be clean but are now polluted. I felt very sad and decided to do something. At first, it was hard for me to 5.____ sorting（分类）rubbish. I often made mistakes. But my classmates always helped me. Slowly, I 6.____ putting different rubbish into different bins. Now, I even remind（提醒）my family to sort rubbish at home. We also have a "Recycling Corner" in our classroom. We 7.____ collect old books, newspapers and plastic bottles. Then we sell them and use the money to plant trees in our community. So far, we 8.____ over 50 trees. I 9.____ be a lazy boy who only cared about playing computer games. But now, I 10.____ the green life. I think it's meaningful to protect our earth. Let's work together! 1. A. used to think B. am used to thinking C. think D. thought 2. A. am used to B. used to C. was used to D. use to 3. A. has changed B. used to change C. changes D. changed 4. A. are used to B. used to C. were used to D. use to 5. A. used to B. be used to C. use to D. be used for 6. A. used to B. got used to C. am used to D. was used for 7. A. used to B. are used to C. usually D. would 8. A. planted B. have planted C. use to plant D. are used to planting 9. A. used to B. am used to C. was used to D. use to 10. A. used to love B. am used to loving C. love D. am loved 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A My Life Changes Hi, I'm Li Ming. I'm a Grade 8 student. My life has changed a lot in the past two years. Two years ago, I was very shy. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of others. I even didn't dare to answer questions in class. I had few friends and always felt lonely. I used to spend most of my free time playing computer games at home. But everything changed when I joined the school speech club last year. My teacher encouraged me to give a speech. At first, I was very nervous. But I practiced every day. Slowly, I became more confident. Now, I can give speeches in front of the whole school. I have made many friends in the club. We often practice together and help each other. Now, I don't play computer games as much as before. I spend more time reading and practicing speeches. I also take part in different school activities. I think I'm becoming a better person. 1. What was Li Ming like two years ago? A. Outgoing. B. Shy. C. Confident. D. Hard-working. 2. What did Li Ming use to do in his free time? A. Read books. B. Practice speeches. C. Play computer games. D. Take part in activities. 3. When did Li Ming join the speech club? A. Two years ago. B. Last year. C. This term. D. Last month. 4. What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A. Li Ming still has few friends now. B. Li Ming doesn't like playing computer games at all now. C. The speech club helped Li Ming a lot. D. Li Ming's teacher didn't like him before. 5. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Li Ming's school life. B. The importance of making friends. C. How to become confident. D. Li Ming's great changes in the past two years. B The Changes of Telephones Telephones have changed a lot over the years. They have become an important part of our life. In the past, people used telephones only to make calls. The first telephones were very big and heavy. They were not easy to carry. People had to use them at home or in the office. Later, there were mobile phones. But early mobile phones were still very expensive and big. Only a few people could afford them. Now, telephones are very different. We call them smartphones. They are small and light. We can carry them everywhere. Smartphones are used to do many things besides making calls. We can use them to surf the Internet, take photos, watch videos, listen to music and even pay for things. Many people are used to using smartphones every day. They can't live without them. But smartphones also bring some problems. Some people spend too much time on them. It's bad for their eyes and health. So we should use smartphones in a right way. 1. What were the first telephones like? A. Small and light. B. Big and heavy. C. Cheap and small. D. Expensive and light. 2. What did people use telephones to do in the past? A. Only make calls. B. Surf the Internet. C. Take photos. D. Pay for things. 3. What does the underlined word "afford" mean in Chinese? A. 制作 B. 修理 C. 买得起 D. 使用 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Early mobile phones were very expensive. B. Smartphones can be used to do many things. C. All people can't live without smartphones now. D. Using smartphones too much is bad for health. 5. What's the writer's attitude（态度）towards smartphones? A. We should never use smartphones. B. We should use smartphones correctly. C. Smartphones have no disadvantages（缺点）. D. Smartphones are not important for our life. C The Changes of My Community I live in a beautiful community in Nanjing. It has changed a lot in the past ten years. Ten years ago, my community was very old and dirty. There were few tall buildings. Most people lived in small houses. The roads were narrow（狭窄的）and there were no parking lots. People used to park their cars on the roads, which made the traffic very bad. There was a small river near the community. But it was polluted because people used to throw rubbish into it. The water was black and smelly. Now, my community is very different. Many tall buildings have been built. The roads are wide and clean. There are two big parking lots now. People don't park their cars on the roads anymore. The river has become clean again. People have built a park along the river. We can see many trees and flowers there. Every morning, many people exercise in the park. People's lives have also changed. They used to watch TV or chat with neighbors at home in their free time. Now, they are used to doing different activities. Some go to the gym, some take dance classes and some travel around the country. I love my community. I hope it will become more beautiful in the future. 1. What was the community like ten years ago? A. Beautiful and clean. B. Old and dirty. C. Modern and big. D. Quiet and peaceful. 2. Why was the river polluted ten years ago? A. Because there were too many fish in it. B. Because people threw rubbish into it. C. Because the water was too shallow. D. Because there was no park along it. 3. What do people do in their free time now? A. Watch TV at home. B. Chat with neighbors. C. Do different activities. D. Park their cars on the roads. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. The community still has no parking lots now. B. The river is still black and smelly now. C. People's lives have become better now. D. There are no tall buildings in the community now. 5. What's the best title for the passage? A. The Beautiful Park B. My Hometown Nanjing C. The Changes of My Community D. People's Happy Life D The Changes of the Spring Festival The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China. It has a long history. But the way people celebrate it has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, the Spring Festival was a time for family members to get together. People used to clean their houses carefully before the festival. They would paste Spring Festival couplets（贴春联）on the doors and make dumplings together. On New Year's Eve, the whole family would have a big dinner and watch the Spring Festival Gala（春节联欢晚会）on TV. Children would get red envelopes（红包）from their elders. They used to set off firecrackers（放鞭炮）to celebrate the festival. Now, people celebrate the Spring Festival in different ways. Many people choose to travel during the Spring Festival. They go to different places of interest with their families. Some people like to have the New Year's dinner in restaurants instead of at home. With the development of technology, people are used to sending red envelopes and greetings through WeChat. And most cities don't allow people to set off firecrackers anymore because it's dangerous and pollutes the air. Although the way people celebrate the Spring Festival has changed, the meaning of the festival remains the same. It's still a time for family reunion（团聚）and showing love to each other. 1. What did people use to do before the Spring Festival in the past? A. Travel around the country. B. Clean their houses carefully. C. Have dinner in restaurants. D. Send red envelopes through WeChat. 2. Why don't most cities allow people to set off firecrackers now? A. Because it's too expensive. B. Because it's not interesting. C. Because it's dangerous and pollutes the air. D. Because people don't like it anymore. 3. What do people use to send red envelopes now? A. Letters. B. Emails. C. WeChat. D. Telephones. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. People don't celebrate the Spring Festival anymore. B. The Spring Festival is not important now. C. All people choose to travel during the Spring Festival now. D. Technology has changed the way people celebrate the Spring Festival. 5. What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The Spring Festival has a long history. B. The way people celebrate the Spring Festival has changed. C. The meaning of the Spring Festival hasn't changed. D. The Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. 一、首字母填空： 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 A Survey About Hometown Changes Last week, our teacher asked us to do a survey about the c 1.____ of our hometown. I decided to interview my grandma, who has lived in Suqian for over 60 years. Grandma told me that life was very hard when she was young. People u 2.____ to live in small and old houses. There were no tall buildings. The roads were narrow and muddy（泥泞的）. People usually w 3.____ or rode bikes to work. There were no cars or buses. At that time, there were no supermarkets or shopping malls. People had to buy things in small shops. They didn't have enough food or clothes. Grandma said she u 4.____ to eat sweet potatoes（红薯）every day and only had new clothes during the Spring Festival. In the evening, there was no electricity（电）. People used to l 5.____ to the radio or chat with neighbors. There were no TVs or computers. Now, everything has changed. People live in tall and bright b 6.. The roads are wide and clean. Many families have their o 7. cars. People can go anywhere easily. There are big supermarkets and shopping malls everywhere. People can buy all k 8.____ of things. They have delicious food and beautiful clothes. People's lives have become more convenient（方便的）. They are u 9.____ to using smartphones and the Internet. They can shop online, watch movies and talk with friends far away. Grandma says she is very h 10.____ with the life now. 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业11 used to do与相关易混结构辨析 一、三个核心结构区别 结构 含义 用法说明 例句 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 强调过去的习惯，现在不做了 I used to go to school by bike. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 to 是介词，后接动名词 / 名词 I am used to getting up early. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 被动语态，use 的本义 "使用" The knife is used to cut apples. 二、used to 的否定和疑问形式 1. 否定句：两种形式 didn't use to do（最常用） used not to do（较正式） I didn't use to like coffee. / I used not to like coffee. 2. 一般疑问句：两种形式 Did...use to do...?（最常用） Used...to do...?（较正式） Did you use to play football? / Used you to play football? 三、与现在完成时的区别 1. used to do：仅强调过去的习惯，现在已经停止 He used to smoke.（现在不抽了） 2. have done：强调动作持续到现在 He has smoked for 10 years.（现在还在抽） 四、易错易混概念 1. be used to doing 中 to 后接动词原形 错误：I am used to get up early. 正确：I am used to getting up early. 2. 混淆 used to do（过去常常）和 be used to do（被用来） used to 的否定句和疑问句形式错误 错误：I usedn't to go there. 正确：I didn't use to go there. 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My cousin ______ walk to school, but now she ______ riding a shared bike（共享单车）. A. used to; is used to B. is used to; used to C. used to; used to D. is used to; is used to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我表妹过去常常步行上学，但现在她习惯骑共享单车了。考查 used to do（过去常常做某事）和 be used to doing（习惯于做某事）的区别。第一空表 “过去常常” 用 used to；第二空表 “习惯于” 且后接动名词，用 is used to，故选 A。 2. This new AI robot ______ help students with their homework at home now. A. used to B. is used to C. is used for D. was used to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这款新的 AI 机器人现在被用来在家帮助学生做作业。考查 be used to do（被用来做某事，被动语态）。主语是物，表 “被用来做”，且 now 提示一般现在时，用 is used to，故选 B。 3. —______ you ______ play computer games till midnight when you were in primary school? —No, never. My parents were very strict with me. A. Did; used to B. Used; to C. Did; use to D. B and C 【答案】D 【解析】句意：—— 你上小学时常常玩电脑游戏到午夜吗？—— 不，从来没有。我父母对我很严格。考查 used to 的疑问句式：有两种正确形式 Did sb. use to do 和 Used sb. to do，因此 B、C 都对，故选 D。 4. I ______ like drinking milk, but now I have it every morning because it's good for my health. A. didn't used to B. used not to C. didn't use to D. B and C 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我过去不喜欢喝牛奶，但现在我每天早上都喝，因为它对健康有益。考查 used to 的否定句式：有两种正确形式 didn't use to 和 used not to，因此 B、C 都对，故选 D。 5. My grandpa ______ in the countryside for 30 years, so he ______ the quiet life there. A. has lived; is used to B. used to live; is used to C. has lived; used to D. used to live; used to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我爷爷过去在乡下住了 30 年，所以他习惯了那里的安静生活。第一空表 “过去曾经做某事” 用 used to live；第二空表 “习惯于某事” 用 is used to，故选 B。 6. Bamboo（竹子）______ build houses in some places of China long ago, and people ______ eating bamboo shoots（竹笋）now. A. used to; are used to B. was used to; are used to C. was used to; used to D. used to; used to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：很久以前在中国一些地方竹子被用来建房子，现在人们习惯吃竹笋。第一空主语是物，表 “被用来做” 且 long ago 提示过去时，用 was used to；第二空表 “习惯于做某事” 用 are used to，故选 B。 7. You will soon ______ the life in the boarding school（寄宿学校）if you try to make more friends. A. used to B. be used to C. be used for D. use to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你试着多交些朋友，你很快就会习惯寄宿学校的生活。will 后接动词原形，表 “习惯于某事” 用 be used to，故选 B。 8. When I was a little girl, I ______ sit by the window and watch the rain with my grandma. A. would B. used to C. was used to D. A and B 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我常常和奶奶坐在窗边看雨。would 和 used to 都可表示 “过去常常做某事”，因此 A、B 都对，故选 D。 9. The doctor told him that he should give up smoking as soon as possible, for he ______ for 20 years. A. used to smoke B. has smoked C. is used to smoking D. was used to smoking 【答案】B 【解析】句意：医生告诉他应该尽快戒烟，因为他已经吸烟 20 年了。for 20 years 表动作持续到现在，用现在完成时 has smoked，故选 B。 10. —What do you think of the dish? —It's delicious. But I ______ the spicy（辛辣的）food because I live in the north of China. A. didn't use to B. am not used to C. used not to D. am used to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你觉得这道菜怎么样？—— 很美味。但我不习惯辛辣的食物，因为我住在中国北方。表 “不习惯某事” 用 be used to 的否定形式 am not used to，故选 B。 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 过去人们常写信保持联系，但现在习惯用微信（WeChat）。 People ____ ____ ____ letters to keep in touch, but now they ____ ____ ____ ____ WeChat. 【答案】used to write; are used to using 【解析】前半句考查used to do sth.结构，表 “过去常常做某事（现在不再做）”，“写信” 为 write letters，故填used to write。后半句考查be used to doing sth.结构，表 “习惯于做某事”，此处 to 是介词，后接动名词 using；主语 they 为复数，一般现在时 be 动词用 are，故填are used to using。 2. 这台旧机器过去被用来加工小麦（wheat）。 This old machine ____ ____ ____ process wheat. 【答案】was used to 【解析】考查be used to do sth.的一般过去时被动结构，意为 “被用来做某事”。主语 this old machine 是单数，“过去” 提示用一般过去时，be 动词用 was，后接不定式符号 to 加动词原形 process，故填was used to。 3. 汤姆过去不喜欢游泳，但现在他每周游三次。 Tom ____ ____ ____ swimming, but now he swims three times a week. 【答案】usedn’t to like 【解析】考查used to do sth.的否定结构，表 “过去不常 / 不喜欢做某事”。used to的否定式可缩写为usedn't to，后接动词原形 like；like 后接动名词 swimming 表 “喜欢做某事”，正好契合三个空的设置，故填usedn't to like。补充：初中阶段更常用的否定结构为didn't use to like（四个空），二者语义完全一致。 4. 你的叔叔过去常在周末去钓鱼吗？ ____ your uncle ____ ____ go fishing on weekends? 【答案】Did; use to 【解析】考查used to结构的一般疑问句。初中通用结构为Did + 主语 + use to do sth.?，助动词 did 后接动词原形 use，句首首字母大写，故填Did; use to。 5. 我妹妹已经习惯了每天早上读英语。 My sister ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ English every morning. 【答案】has been used to reading 【解析】考查现在完成时下的be used to doing sth.结构。“已经” 提示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时have/has + 过去分词；主语 my sister 是第三人称单数，助动词用 has，be 的过去分词为 been；be used to 后接动名词 reading，故填has been used to reading。 6. 对划线部分提问：They used to have a picnic in the park once a month. ____ ____ ____ they ____ ____ have a picnic in the park? 【答案】How often did; use to 【解析】划线部分once a month是频率，对频率提问用特殊疑问词How often（多久一次）。used to的特殊疑问句结构为 “特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + use to do sth.?”，助动词 did 后接动词原形 use，故填How often did; use to。 7. 改为同义句：The knife is used for cutting meat. The knife ____ ____ ____ ____ meat. 【答案】is used to cut 【解析】考查同义结构转换：be used for doing sth. = be used to do sth.，均表示 “被用来做某事”。主语 the knife 是单数，一般现在时 be 动词用 is，后接动词原形 cut，故填is used to cut。 8. 改为否定句：My father used to smoke a lot. My father ____ ____ ____ smoke a lot. 【答案】didn’t use to 【解析】考查used to结构的否定句。初中标准否定结构为主语 + didn't use to do sth.，助动词 didn't 后接动词原形 use，故填didn't use to。 9. 用 used to 改写句子：He doesn't play the piano now. He ____ ____ ____ the piano. 【答案】used to play 【解析】考查used to do sth.结构。原句 “他现在不弹钢琴” 即 “他过去常弹钢琴”，used to do sth.表 “过去常常做某事（现在不做）”，“弹钢琴” 为 play the piano，故填used to play。 10. 改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答：She used to be afraid of the dark. —____ she ____ ____ be afraid of the dark? —Yes, she ____. 【答案】Did; use to; did 【解析】考查used to结构的一般疑问句与肯定回答。一般疑问句结构为Did + 主语 + use to do sth.?，句首首字母大写，故前两空填Did; use to。以 did 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, 主语 + did.，故答语填did。 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School's Green Project Last term, our school started a Green Project to call on（号召）students to protect the environment. At first, I 1.____ it would be boring and difficult. I 2.____ throw rubbish everywhere and didn't care about recycling（回收利用）. But after joining the project, everything changed. Our teacher told us that the earth 3.____ a lot because of human activities. She showed us some pictures of rivers that 4.____ be clean but are now polluted. I felt very sad and decided to do something. At first, it was hard for me to 5.____ sorting（分类）rubbish. I often made mistakes. But my classmates always helped me. Slowly, I 6.____ putting different rubbish into different bins. Now, I even remind（提醒）my family to sort rubbish at home. We also have a "Recycling Corner" in our classroom. We 7.____ collect old books, newspapers and plastic bottles. Then we sell them and use the money to plant trees in our community. So far, we 8.____ over 50 trees. I 9.____ be a lazy boy who only cared about playing computer games. But now, I 10.____ the green life. I think it's meaningful to protect our earth. Let's work together! 1. A. used to think B. am used to thinking C. think D. thought 2. A. am used to B. used to C. was used to D. use to 3. A. has changed B. used to change C. changes D. changed 4. A. are used to B. used to C. were used to D. use to 5. A. used to B. be used to C. use to D. be used for 6. A. used to B. got used to C. am used to D. was used for 7. A. used to B. are used to C. usually D. would 8. A. planted B. have planted C. use to plant D. are used to planting 9. A. used to B. am used to C. was used to D. use to 10. A. used to love B. am used to loving C. love D. am loved 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参与学校发起的绿色环保项目后，从最初对环保不以为意、习惯乱扔垃圾，到逐渐适应垃圾分类、参与回收植树活动，最终习惯并认同绿色生活方式的转变过程，呼吁大家共同保护地球环境。 1. 句意：起初，我以为这会无聊又困难。解析：由 “At first” 及上文 “last term” 可知，此处描述过去某个时间点的想法，用一般过去时，故选 D。 2. 句意：我过去到处乱扔垃圾，也不关心回收利用。解析：此处表示过去常常做某事（现在已改变），用used to do结构，故选 B。 3. 句意：老师告诉我们，由于人类活动，地球已经发生了很大变化。解析：宾语从句描述客观事实且强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故选 A。 4. 句意：她给我们看了一些河流的照片，那些河流过去很干净，现在却被污染了。解析：此处表示 “过去曾经是……（现在不再是）”，用used to be结构，故选 B。 5. 句意：起初，我很难适应垃圾分类。解析：it is hard for sb. to do sth.后接动词原形；be used to doing表示 “习惯于做某事”，符合语境，故选 B。 6. 句意：慢慢地，我习惯了把不同的垃圾放进不同的垃圾桶。解析：get used to doing表示 “渐渐习惯做某事”，此处描述过去的转变过程，用一般过去时，故选 B。 7. 句意：我们通常收集旧书、报纸和塑料瓶。解析：此处描述现在的经常性动作，用频度副词usually修饰动词原形collect，其余选项后均不能直接接动词原形，故选 C。 8. 句意：到目前为止，我们已经种了 50 多棵树。解析：“So far” 是现在完成时的标志词，强调动作持续到现在的结果，故选 B。 9. 句意：我过去是个只在乎玩电脑游戏的懒男孩。解析：此处表示 “过去曾经是……（现在不是了）”，用used to be结构，故选 A。 10. 句意：但现在，我已经习惯了绿色生活。解析：此处表示 “习惯于做某事”，用be used to doing结构，对应现在的状态，故选 B。 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A My Life Changes Hi, I'm Li Ming. I'm a Grade 8 student. My life has changed a lot in the past two years. Two years ago, I was very shy. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of others. I even didn't dare to answer questions in class. I had few friends and always felt lonely. I used to spend most of my free time playing computer games at home. But everything changed when I joined the school speech club last year. My teacher encouraged me to give a speech. At first, I was very nervous. But I practiced every day. Slowly, I became more confident. Now, I can give speeches in front of the whole school. I have made many friends in the club. We often practice together and help each other. Now, I don't play computer games as much as before. I spend more time reading and practicing speeches. I also take part in different school activities. I think I'm becoming a better person. 1. What was Li Ming like two years ago? A. Outgoing. B. Shy. C. Confident. D. Hard-working. 2. What did Li Ming use to do in his free time? A. Read books. B. Practice speeches. C. Play computer games. D. Take part in activities. 3. When did Li Ming join the speech club? A. Two years ago. B. Last year. C. This term. D. Last month. 4. What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A. Li Ming still has few friends now. B. Li Ming doesn't like playing computer games at all now. C. The speech club helped Li Ming a lot. D. Li Ming's teacher didn't like him before. 5. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Li Ming's school life. B. The importance of making friends. C. How to become confident. D. Li Ming's great changes in the past two years. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了八年级学生李明在过去两年间的成长变化：他从前性格害羞、朋友稀少，空闲时间大多用来玩电脑游戏；加入学校演讲俱乐部后逐渐变得自信，交到了许多朋友，生活方式也变得更加积极向上。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “Two years ago, I was very shy.” 可知，李明两年前很害羞，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “I used to spend most of my free time playing computer games at home.” 可知，他过去空闲时常玩电脑游戏，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 “But everything changed when I joined the school speech club last year.” 可知，他去年加入了演讲俱乐部，故选 B。 4. 推理判断题。结合第三段内容，李明加入俱乐部后从紧张变得自信，还交到了很多朋友，可推断演讲俱乐部对他帮助很大。A 与原文 “made many friends” 相悖；B “完全不玩” 和原文 “玩得不如以前多” 不符；D 无原文依据，故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。全文围绕李明过去两年的性格、生活方式的转变展开，核心是他的巨大变化，故选 D。 B The Changes of Telephones Telephones have changed a lot over the years. They have become an important part of our life. In the past, people used telephones only to make calls. The first telephones were very big and heavy. They were not easy to carry. People had to use them at home or in the office. Later, there were mobile phones. But early mobile phones were still very expensive and big. Only a few people could afford them. Now, telephones are very different. We call them smartphones. They are small and light. We can carry them everywhere. Smartphones are used to do many things besides making calls. We can use them to surf the Internet, take photos, watch videos, listen to music and even pay for things. Many people are used to using smartphones every day. They can't live without them. But smartphones also bring some problems. Some people spend too much time on them. It's bad for their eyes and health. So we should use smartphones in a right way. 1. What were the first telephones like? A. Small and light. B. Big and heavy. C. Cheap and small. D. Expensive and light. 2. What did people use telephones to do in the past? A. Only make calls. B. Surf the Internet. C. Take photos. D. Pay for things. 3. What does the underlined word "afford" mean in Chinese? A. 制作 B. 修理 C. 买得起 D. 使用 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Early mobile phones were very expensive. B. Smartphones can be used to do many things. C. All people can't live without smartphones now. D. Using smartphones too much is bad for health. 5. What's the writer's attitude（态度）towards smartphones? A. We should never use smartphones. B. We should use smartphones correctly. C. Smartphones have no disadvantages（缺点）. D. Smartphones are not important for our life. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电话多年来的发展演变：从早期仅能通话、笨重难携带的固定电话，到功能多样、轻便普及的智能手机，同时指出过度使用智能手机带来的健康问题，倡导人们以正确的方式使用智能手机。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 “The first telephones were very big and heavy.” 可知，最早的电话又大又重，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “In the past, people used telephones only to make calls.” 可知，过去人们只用电话拨打通话，故选 A。 3. 词义猜测题前文提到早期手机价格昂贵、体积很大，由此可推知只有少数人能买得起，afford 意为 “买得起”，故选 C。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Many people are used to using smartphones every day. They can't live without them.” 可知，是 “很多人” 离不开智能手机，并非 “所有人”，C 项表述错误，故选 C。 5. 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句 “So we should use smartphones in a right way.” 可知，作者认为我们应当正确使用智能手机，故选 B。 C The Changes of My Community I live in a beautiful community in Nanjing. It has changed a lot in the past ten years. Ten years ago, my community was very old and dirty. There were few tall buildings. Most people lived in small houses. The roads were narrow（狭窄的）and there were no parking lots. People used to park their cars on the roads, which made the traffic very bad. There was a small river near the community. But it was polluted because people used to throw rubbish into it. The water was black and smelly. Now, my community is very different. Many tall buildings have been built. The roads are wide and clean. There are two big parking lots now. People don't park their cars on the roads anymore. The river has become clean again. People have built a park along the river. We can see many trees and flowers there. Every morning, many people exercise in the park. People's lives have also changed. They used to watch TV or chat with neighbors at home in their free time. Now, they are used to doing different activities. Some go to the gym, some take dance classes and some travel around the country. I love my community. I hope it will become more beautiful in the future. 1. What was the community like ten years ago? A. Beautiful and clean. B. Old and dirty. C. Modern and big. D. Quiet and peaceful. 2. Why was the river polluted ten years ago? A. Because there were too many fish in it. B. Because people threw rubbish into it. C. Because the water was too shallow. D. Because there was no park along it. 3. What do people do in their free time now? A. Watch TV at home. B. Chat with neighbors. C. Do different activities. D. Park their cars on the roads. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. The community still has no parking lots now. B. The river is still black and smelly now. C. People's lives have become better now. D. There are no tall buildings in the community now. 5. What's the best title for the passage? A. The Beautiful Park B. My Hometown Nanjing C. The Changes of My Community D. People's Happy Life 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己居住的南京社区十年间的巨大变化：十年前社区老旧脏乱、道路狭窄、河流污染；如今社区高楼林立、道路整洁、沿河建起公园，居民的休闲生活也更加丰富多元，表达了对社区的喜爱与对未来的美好期许。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “Ten years ago, my community was very old and dirty.” 可知，十年前的社区又旧又脏，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “But it was polluted because people used to throw rubbish into it.” 可知，人们往河里丢弃垃圾是河流被污染的原因，故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Now, they are used to doing different activities.” 可知，现在人们空闲时会开展各类不同的活动，故选 C。 4. 推理判断题。结合全文，社区环境大幅改善，居民休闲方式更多元，可推断人们的生活变得更好了。A、B、D 三项均与原文表述相反，故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。全文围绕社区的环境、设施、居民生活三方面的变化展开叙述，核心是社区的变迁，故选 C。 D The Changes of the Spring Festival The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China. It has a long history. But the way people celebrate it has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, the Spring Festival was a time for family members to get together. People used to clean their houses carefully before the festival. They would paste Spring Festival couplets（贴春联）on the doors and make dumplings together. On New Year's Eve, the whole family would have a big dinner and watch the Spring Festival Gala（春节联欢晚会）on TV. Children would get red envelopes（红包）from their elders. They used to set off firecrackers（放鞭炮）to celebrate the festival. Now, people celebrate the Spring Festival in different ways. Many people choose to travel during the Spring Festival. They go to different places of interest with their families. Some people like to have the New Year's dinner in restaurants instead of at home. With the development of technology, people are used to sending red envelopes and greetings through WeChat. And most cities don't allow people to set off firecrackers anymore because it's dangerous and pollutes the air. Although the way people celebrate the Spring Festival has changed, the meaning of the festival remains the same. It's still a time for family reunion（团聚）and showing love to each other. 1. What did people use to do before the Spring Festival in the past? A. Travel around the country. B. Clean their houses carefully. C. Have dinner in restaurants. D. Send red envelopes through WeChat. 2. Why don't most cities allow people to set off firecrackers now? A. Because it's too expensive. B. Because it's not interesting. C. Because it's dangerous and pollutes the air. D. Because people don't like it anymore. 3. What do people use to send red envelopes now? A. Letters. B. Emails. C. WeChat. D. Telephones. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. People don't celebrate the Spring Festival anymore. B. The Spring Festival is not important now. C. All people choose to travel during the Spring Festival now. D. Technology has changed the way people celebrate the Spring Festival. 5. What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The Spring Festival has a long history. B. The way people celebrate the Spring Festival has changed. C. The meaning of the Spring Festival hasn't changed. D. The Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国最重要的传统节日春节的庆祝方式在近年来发生的诸多变化，对比了过去与现在人们过节的不同形式，同时点明春节阖家团圆、传递爱意的核心内涵始终没有改变。 逐题解析 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “People used to clean their houses carefully before the festival.” 可知，过去人们会在春节前仔细打扫房屋，其余三项均为现在的过节方式，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 “most cities don't allow people to set off firecrackers anymore because it's dangerous and pollutes the air.” 可知，禁放鞭炮是因为存在危险且会污染空气，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “people are used to sending red envelopes and greetings through WeChat.” 可知，现在人们通过微信发送红包和祝福，故选 C。 4. 推理判断题。结合文中科技发展让人们习惯用微信发红包、送祝福的内容，可推断科技改变了人们庆祝春节的方式。A、B 与原文 “春节仍是最重要的节日” 相悖；C “所有人都选择旅游” 扩大范围，原文是 “many people”，故选 D。 5. 段落主旨题。最后一段首句点明核心：尽管庆祝春节的方式变了，但节日的意义始终不变，整段围绕春节的核心内涵未变展开，故选 C。 一、首字母填空： 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 A Survey About Hometown Changes Last week, our teacher asked us to do a survey about the c 1.____ of our hometown. I decided to interview my grandma, who has lived in Suqian for over 60 years. Grandma told me that life was very hard when she was young. People u 2.____ to live in small and old houses. There were no tall buildings. The roads were narrow and muddy（泥泞的）. People usually w 3.____ or rode bikes to work. There were no cars or buses. At that time, there were no supermarkets or shopping malls. People had to buy things in small shops. They didn't have enough food or clothes. Grandma said she u 4.____ to eat sweet potatoes（红薯）every day and only had new clothes during the Spring Festival. In the evening, there was no electricity（电）. People used to l 5.____ to the radio or chat with neighbors. There were no TVs or computers. Now, everything has changed. People live in tall and bright b 6.. The roads are wide and clean. Many families have their o 7. cars. People can go anywhere easily. There are big supermarkets and shopping malls everywhere. People can buy all k 8.____ of things. They have delicious food and beautiful clothes. People's lives have become more convenient（方便的）. They are u 9.____ to using smartphones and the Internet. They can shop online, watch movies and talk with friends far away. Grandma says she is very h 10.____ with the life now. 【答案】1. changes 2. used 3. walked 4. used 5. listen 6. buildings 7. own 8. kinds 9. used 10. happy 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者为完成家乡变化主题的调查，采访了在宿迁生活六十余年的奶奶，通过今昔对比，展现了家乡在居住环境、交通出行、物资供给与生活方式等方面的巨大变迁，体现了当下生活的便利与幸福。 1. 句意：上周，老师让我们做一项关于家乡变化的调查。解析：结合文章标题与全文主旨，此处表示 “变化”，用复数 changes 涵盖多方面的变迁。 2. 句意：人们过去常常住在又小又旧的房子里。解析：used to do 表示 “过去常常做某事”，描述过去的生活状态，填 used。 3. 句意：人们通常步行或骑自行车上班。解析：描述过去的出行方式，与 rode 并列用一般过去时，walked 表示 “步行”。 4. 句意：奶奶说她过去每天都吃红薯，只有春节才有新衣服。解析：used to do 表过去经常性的动作，填 used。 5. 句意：晚上没有电，人们过去常听收音机或者和邻居聊天。解析：used to 后接动词原形，listen to the radio 是固定搭配，填 listen。 6. 句意：现在一切都变了，人们住在又高又明亮的楼房里。解析：building 表示 “楼房”，此处用复数 buildings 对应多数人的居住场所。 7. 句意：很多家庭有了他们自己的汽车。解析：one's own 是固定搭配，意为 “某人自己的”，填 own。 8. 句意：人们可以买到各种各样的东西。解析：all kinds of 是固定短语，意为 “各种各样的”，填 kinds。 9. 句意：他们习惯使用智能手机和互联网。解析：be used to doing 意为 “习惯于做某事”，填 used。 10. 句意：奶奶说她对现在的生活很满意。解析：be happy with 是固定搭配，意为 “对…… 感到满意、开心”，填 happy。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $