暑假作业13 综合语言技能提升——语法填空专项通关（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦语法填空词性转换，系统梳理9类词形变化规则，配套12篇主题短文实现规则到语境的迁移应用。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换规则|9类转换（含-tion/-sion等20+后缀及例词）|按“动词→名词”等词性转换类型归纳常见后缀及特殊规则（如good→well）|从基础词形变化规则（如动词变名词）到特殊转换（如否定前缀），构建层级化知识网络| |语法填空应用|12篇短文（涵盖校园生活、环保等主题）|通过语篇语境强化规则运用，聚焦高频考点（如动词变名词、形容词变副词）|形成“规则归纳-例词验证-语篇应用”训练闭环，提升语言能力与学习能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业13：综合语言技能提升·语法填空专项通关 人教版必修1-3册 语法填空词性转换 一、动词 → 名词 常见后缀 -tion / -sion act→action, decide→decision, express→expression -ment achieve→achievement, develop→development, agree→agreement -ance / -ence appear→appearance, exist→existence, prefer→preference -ing feel→feeling, greet→greeting, suffer→suffering -ure fail→failure, press→pressure, please→pleasure -y recover→recovery, discover→discovery -al arrive→arrival, survive→survival, refuse→refusal -ity able→ability, active→activity, responsible→responsibility -ence differ→difference, refer→reference 二、动词 → 形容词 常见后缀 -ed（感到…的） excite→excited, tire→tired, confuse→confused -ing（令人…的） excite→exciting, tire→tiring, confuse→confusing -ful help→helpful, care→careful, wonder→wonderful -less hope→hopeless, use→useless, care→careless -able accept→acceptable, change→changeable, rely→reliable -ive act→active, impress→impressive, create→creative -ous danger→dangerous, continue→continuous 三、名词 → 形容词 常见后缀 -ful power→powerful, peace→peaceful, beauty→beautiful -less home→homeless, hope→hopeless, care→careless -ous danger→dangerous, humour→humorous, poison→poisonous -al nature→natural, culture→cultural, tradition→traditional -y wind→windy, rain→rainy, health→healthy -ic history→historic, economy→economic, energy→energetic -ive expense→expensive, impress→impressive 四、形容词 → 副词 大多数形容词 + -ly 构成副词，如：quick→quickly careful→carefully easy→easily（y变i） happy→happily true→truly whole→wholly 特殊情况：good→well 五、形容词 → 名词 常见后缀 -ness happy→happiness, kind→kindness, aware→awareness -ity able→ability, responsible→responsibility, difficult→difficulty -dom free→freedom, wise→wisdom -th strong→strength, warm→warmth 六、名词 → 动词 常见后缀/方法 -ize / -ise apology→apologise, memory→memorise, real→realise -en wide→widen, deep→deepen, threat→threaten -ify class→classify, beauty→beautify 零派生 water, hand, mail, book, schedule (名转动) 七、数词 → 序数词 one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fifth, eight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth, twenty→twentieth 八、代词转换 主格→宾格：I→me, he→him, she→her, we→us, they→them 形容词性物主代词→名词性物主代词：my→mine, your→yours, his→his, her→hers, our→ours, their→theirs 人称代词→反身代词：I→myself, you→yourself/yourselves, he→himself, she→herself, it→itself, we→ourselves, they→themselves 九、否定前缀/后缀 un- 不 unhappy, uncomfortable, unfair in- / im- / ir- / il- 不 incorrect, impossible, irregular, illegal dis- 不/相反 disagree, disappear, dishonest mis- 错误 misunderstand, mislead non- 非 non-stop, non-profit -less 无 hopeless, homeless, useless Passage 1（主题：新学期印象） My first day at senior high school was a little ______ (1) (confuse). I was ______ (2) (anxiety) because I didn’t know anyone. The first class was maths, and the teacher was ______ (3) (friend) and helpful. During the break, I met a boy ______ (4) name was Tom. He came from the UK and was an exchange student. He told me that he ______ (5) (study) Chinese for three years. We talked about our favourite subjects. He likes physics, ______ (6) I prefer history. After lunch, we had a chemistry class. The teacher let us do an interesting ______ (7) (experiment). I found most of my classmates were friendly. Now I feel much ______ (8) (good) than this morning. I think senior high school life is not so difficult as I ______ (9) (expect). There’s a lot ______ (10) (explore), and I’m looking forward to the new term. 【答案】 1.confusing 2. anxious 3. friendly 4. whose 5. had studied 6. but / while 7. experiment 8. better 9. expected 10. to explore 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者高中第一天上学时的经历和感受。从最初的紧张到后来逐渐适应，作者发现高中生活并不像想象中那么困难。 【解析】 1.考查形容词。句意：高中第一天有点令人困惑。此处修饰事物，应用-ing形容词confusing（令人困惑的）。 2.考查形容词。句意：我很焦虑，因为谁也不认识。修饰人，应用-ed形容词anxious（焦虑的）。 3.考查形容词。句意：老师很友好且乐于助人。作表语，friendly（友好的）。 4.考查定语从句关系词。句意：我遇到了一个名叫汤姆的男孩。name与先行词boy之间为所属关系，用whose。 5.考查过去完成时。句意：他告诉我他已经学了三年中文。“学”发生在“告诉”之前，用had studied。 6.考查连词。句意：他喜欢物理，而我喜欢历史。表对比，用but或while。 7.考查名词。句意：老师让我们做了一个有趣的实验。experiment（实验）。 8.考查形容词比较级。句意：现在我感觉比早上好多了。than提示比较级，better。 9.考查一般过去时。句意：不像我原先预料的那么困难。expect描述过去想法，用expected。 10.考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多东西要探索。不定式作定语修饰a lot，to explore。 Passage 2（主题：保护野生动物） Wildlife is ______ (1) (die) out at an alarming rate. Between 150 and 200 species become extinct every day. This mass extinction is ______ (2) (main) caused by hunting, habitat loss, and pollution. The Tibetan antelope is one of the ______ (3) (endanger) species. In the 1980s and 1990s, hunters ______ (4) (shoot) them for their valuable fur. ______ (5) (save) this species, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night. Bridges and gates ______ (6) (add) to let the antelopes move easily. These measures proved ______ (7) (effect). The antelope population has recovered. However, the government does not intend ______ (8) (stop) the protection programmes. We need to learn to exist in ______ (9) (harmonious) with nature. Only then can we stop ______ (10) (be) a threat to wildlife. 【答案】 1.dying 2. mainly 3. endangered 4. shot 5. To save 6. were added 7. effective 8. to stop 9. harmony 10. being 【导语】 本文介绍了野生动物面临的灭绝危机，并以藏羚羊的保护为例，说明了中国政府和志愿者采取的措施及其成效。 【解析】 1.考查动词短语。句意：野生动物正以惊人的速度消亡。die out（灭绝），此处用现在进行时dying。 2.考查副词。句意：主要是由狩猎、栖息地丧失和污染造成的。修饰caused，用mainly。 3.考查形容词。句意：藏羚羊是濒危物种之一。endangered（濒危的）。 4.考查时态。句意：猎人们为了珍贵的皮毛猎杀它们。描述过去事实，用一般过去时shot。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了拯救这个物种，中国政府将其列为国家保护动物。不定式作目的状语，To save。 6.考查被动语态。句意：桥梁和大门被增建。主语Bridges and gates与add为被动关系，且为过去时，用were added。 7.考查形容词。句意：这些措施被证明是有效的。作表语，effective。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：政府不打算停止保护项目。intend to do sth，to stop。 9.考查名词。句意：学会与自然和谐相处。in harmony with，harmony。 10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们才能不再成为野生动物的威胁。stop doing sth，being。 Passage 3（主题：网上购物） The Internet has made our lives much more ______ (1) (convenience). We no longer have to wait in line ______ (2) carry cash when we go shopping. We can get the most updated information from large ______ (3) (database). However, staying safe online is also important. The golden rule of the Internet is: if you see something ______ (4) makes you uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out your address ______ (5) phone number. Someone might use the information ______ (6) (steal) your identity. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. Third, be ______ (7) (politely). Being online is no excuse for being rude. A troll is a person ______ (8) posts comments to stir up trouble. The more polite you are, the ______ (9) (little) likely you will be attacked. ______ (10) (follow) these tips, you can enjoy a safer online experience. 【答案】 1.convenient 2. or 3. databases 4. that / which 5. or 6. to steal 7. polite 8. who / that 9. less 10. Following 【导语】 本文介绍了互联网给生活带来的便利，同时提出了几条网络安全建议，包括保护隐私、礼貌待人等。 【解析】 1.考查形容词。句意：互联网使我们的生活方便得多。make +宾语+形容词，convenient。 2.考查连词。句意：我们不必排队或带现金。否定句中并列用or。 3.考查名词复数。句意：从大型数据库获取最新信息。database可数，前无冠词，用复数databases。 4.考查定语从句关系词。句意：看到让你不舒服的东西。先行词something，关系代词用that或which。 5.考查连词。句意：不要给出你的地址或电话号码。否定句并列用or。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：有人可能利用这些信息窃取你的身份。不定式作目的状语，to steal。 7.考查形容词。句意：要有礼貌。be polite，polite。 8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：发帖挑起麻烦的人。先行词person，关系代词用who或that。 9.考查比较级。句意：你越有礼貌，你受到攻击的可能性就越小。the +比较级，the +比较级，less。 10.考查非谓语动词。句意：遵循这些提示，你可以享受更安全的网络体验。现在分词作状语，Following。 Passage 4（主题：节日与传统） Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide ______ (1) (range) of origins, such as the seasons, religions, and famous figures. ______ (2) matter how different they may seem, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, and love is common. The harvest festival can be found in almost every ______ (3) (cultural). This important ______ (4) (agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather ______ (5) (admire) the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs play a ______ (6) (significance) role, but they can change over time. For example, many big cities have given up the custom of ______ (7) (light) firecrackers to avoid air pollution. Some people believe festivals should not be ______ (8) (commercial). However, others think the increase in spending is good for the economy. Festivals help us understand ______ (9) we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. Studying festivals, you may find that different cultures have a lot ______ (10) common. 【答案】 1.range 2. No 3. culture 4. agricultural 5. to admire 6. significant 7. lighting 8. commercialised 9. where 10. in 【导语】 本文讨论了世界各地节日的起源、习俗和意义，指出节日虽有不同，但分享快乐、感恩和爱的精神是共通的。 【解析】 1.考查名词。句意：它们有广泛的起源。a wide range of，range。 2.考查固定搭配。句意：无论它们看起来多么不同。no matter how，No首字母大写。 3.考查名词。句意：几乎每一种文化中都能找到 harvest festival。culture。 4.考查形容词。句意：这个重要的农业节日。修饰festival，agricultural。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：家人聚在一起赏月。不定式作目的状语，to admire。 6.考查形容词。句意：习俗起重要作用。play a significant role，significant。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：放烟花的习俗。of为介词，后接动名词lighting。 8.考查形容词（动词被动）。句意：节日不应该被商业化。commercialised（商业化的）。 9.考查宾语从句连词。句意：帮助我们理解我们从哪里来。where引导宾语从句。 10.考查介词。句意：有很多共同点。have a lot in common，in。 Passage 5（主题：太空探索） Space exploration has always been a dream for humans. ______ (1) 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person to go into space. Over eight years ______ (2) (late), American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. He famously said, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for ______ (3) (mankind).” All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger ______ (4) (die) during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad, ______ (5) the desire to explore the universe never died. China’s space programme started later ______ (6) those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress. China became the third country ______ (7) (send) humans into space independently in 2003. The International Space Station orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, ______ (8) (provide) a continuous human presence in space. Exploring space has promoted technological ______ (9) (improve) that benefit us all. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future ______ (10) (discover) will help us understand how the universe began. 【答案】 1.On 2. later 3. mankind 4. died 5. but 6. than 7. to send 8. providing 9. improvements 10. discoveries 【导语】 本文回顾了人类太空探索的重要里程碑，包括苏联、美国及中国的成就，并强调了探索太空的价值。 【解析】 1.考查介词。具体日期前用On。 2.考查副词。句意：八年多之后。later（之后）。 3.考查名词。句意：对人类的一大步。mankind。 4.考查时态。句意：所有宇航员都死了。描述过去事实，died。 5.考查连词。句意：但探索宇宙的愿望从未消失。表转折，but。 6.考查介词。句意：晚于俄罗斯和美国。later than，than。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：第三个将人类送入太空的国家。the +序数词 + to do，to send。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：提供持续的人类存在。现在分词作伴随状语，providing。 9.考查名词。句意：促进了技术进步。improvements。 10.考查名词复数。句意：未来的发现。discoveries。 Passage 6（主题：道德困境） Life is precious. To a person, nothing is ______ (1) (precious) than their life. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this ______ (2) (amaze) woman. At age 18, instead of ______ (3) (follow) the traditional path of marriage, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much?” her brother complained, ______ (4) (think) of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!” Eight years ______ (5) (late), she graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the highest prize. She immediately became the first woman ______ (6) (hire) as a resident physician. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then in the US. Her American colleagues invited her ______ (7) (stay), but she rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home. In 1941, she became the first Chinese woman to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department. ______ (8) the department was closed because of the war, she opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees and often reduced costs for poor ______ (9) (patient). Dr Lin never married, but she delivered over 50,000 babies. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. ______ (10) (final), she said, “I’m ready to go. Don’t try to rescue me any more.” 【答案】 1.more precious 2. amazing 3. following 4. thinking 5. later 6. to be hired 7. to stay 8. Because / As / Since 9. patients 10. Finally 【导语】 本文介绍了中国著名妇产科医生林巧稚的生平事迹。她放弃婚姻，选择学医，并在艰难条件下服务妇女儿童，被誉为“万婴之母”。 【解析】 1.考查比较级。句意：没有什么比生命更珍贵。than前用比较级more precious。 2.考查形容词。句意：这位了不起的女性。修饰物用amazing。 3.考查非谓语动词。句意：她没有走传统的婚姻道路。instead of后接动名词following。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：想着高昂的学费。现在分词作伴随状语，thinking。 5.考查副词。句意：八年后。later。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个被聘为住院医师的女性。the first + to do，且“被聘”用被动to be hired。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：邀请她留下。invite sb to do sth，to stay。 8.考查连词。句意：因为战争部门关闭了。原因状语从句，Because/As/Since。 9.考查名词复数。句意：为穷苦病人减费。patient可数，用复数patients。 10.考查副词。句意：最后。Finally。 Passage 7（主题：多元文化） San Francisco is a city ______ (1) was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906. My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of ______ (2) (old) parts of the city. Many people living here are from Mexico or Central America. This district used to be a poor area, ______ (3) is now a centre for art, music, and food. An art movement called the “Mission School” started here, ______ (4) (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. Afterward, I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. ______ (5) real mix of cultures here! In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum. I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848. In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, ______ (6) started a gold rush. Over 300,000 people came from all over the world ______ (7) (seek) their fortune. Many Chinese arrived during this period. They opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown, or found jobs on farms. The museum did a good job of showing ______ (8) America was built by immigrants from different countries. ______ (9) these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts. Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA. They allow visitors who ______ (10) (never, be) to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand. 【答案】 1.that / which 2. the oldest 3. but 4. influenced 5. A 6. which 7. to seek 8. how 9. When 10. have never been 【导语】 本文是一篇游记，作者描述了在旧金山 Mission District 的见闻，并介绍了该市的历史文化多样性，特别是华人对城市建设的贡献。 【解析】 1.考查定语从句。先行词city，从句缺主语，用that/which。 2.考查最高级。句意：最古老的城区之一。one of + the +最高级 + 复数名词，the oldest。 3.考查连词。句意：过去是贫民区，但现在是艺术中心。表转折，but。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：受涂鸦艺术影响。过去分词作状语，influenced。 5.考查冠词。句意：真是文化大融合！可数名词mix前用不定冠词A。 6.考查定语从句。先行词gold rush，从句缺主语，非限制定语从句用which。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：来寻求财富。不定式作目的状语，to seek。 8.考查宾语从句连词。句意：展示了美国是如何由移民建成的。how。 9.考查连词。句意：当他们离开自己的国家时。时间状语从句，When。 10.考查现在完成时。句意：从未去过中国的游客。who引导的定语从句，用have never been。 Passage 8（主题：音乐的力量） Have you ever faced a time ______ (1) things looked dark and you had no hope at all? Two years ago, I ______ (2) (tell) I had a serious disease. My body ached all the time, and I thought I didn’t have much longer to live. I was very afraid and felt so alone. Then one day, I had to go through a medical treatment. The doctor wanted me ______ (3) (relax), so he had me listen to some music. The song made me feel much ______ (4) (good) that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. Music helped me recover. Music gave me ______ (5) (happy). When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave me strength and brought me relief. It was the rock I leant on ______ (6) (become) strong. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction. It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the ______ (7) (deep) part of my being. I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of suffering ______ (8) I did. But we all go through periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help you in the same way ______ (9) it helped me. I hope all of you will treasure music and make it a part of your life. ______ (10) (thank) for listening. 【答案】 1.when 2. was told 3. to relax 4. better 5. happiness 6. to become 7. deepest 8. that / as 9. that / as 10. Thanks 【导语】 本文是一篇演讲稿，作者分享了自己患重病时通过音乐获得治愈和力量的经历，鼓励听众珍惜音乐。 【解析】 1.考查定语从句。先行词time，从句缺时间状语，用when。 2.考查被动语态。句意：我被告知得了重病。根据语境用一般过去时被动was told。 3.考查非谓语动词。want sb to do sth，to relax。 4.考查比较级。句意：感觉好多了。much后接比较级better。 5.考查名词。句意：音乐带给我快乐。give后接名词happiness。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：我依靠的岩石使我变得坚强。不定式作目的状语，to become。 7.考查最高级。句意：我内心最深处。the deepest part。 8.考查定语从句。先行词suffering，关系代词作宾语，可用that或as（such...as结构）。 9.考查定语从句。同上，the same way that/as。 10.考查固定表达。句意：谢谢聆听。Thanks for。 Passage 9（主题：金钱的价值） The Million Pound Bank Note is a famous short story ______ (1) (write) by Mark Twain. In the story, two rich brothers make ______ (2) bet. Oliver believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London. ______ (3) (he) brother Roderick doubts it. They see a poor young man ______ (4) (name) Henry Adams walking outside their house. Henry tells them that he landed in Britain by accident. He went to the American consulate ______ (5) (seek) help, but he didn’t dare to try again. He says he has no money. The brothers give him an envelope ______ (6) (contain) the bank note. They tell him not to open it until two o’clock. Henry thinks it’s silly, but he promises. Later, Henry goes to a tailor’s shop. The clerks treat him rudely at first ______ (7) he looks poor. But when he shows the bank note, they change their ______ (8) (attitude) completely. The owner says, “Oh, it’s perfect! It was made for some king but he’ll just have to wait.” Henry dare not buy all those things, ______ (9) the owner says they can wait forever. The story ______ (10) (teach) us not to judge people by their clothes or appearance. 【答案】 1.written 2. a 3. His 4. named 5. to seek 6. containing 7. because / since / as 8. attitudes 9. but 10. teaches 【导语】 本文介绍了马克·吐温的短篇小说《百万英镑》的主要情节，揭示了不要以貌取人的道理。 【解析】 1.考查非谓语动词。句意：由马克·吐温写的短篇小说。过去分词作定语，written。 2.考查冠词。句意：打一个赌。make a bet，a。 3.考查代词。句意：他的兄弟。修饰brother，用形容词性物主代词His。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：名叫亨利·亚当斯的年轻人。named作定语。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：去寻求帮助。不定式作目的状语，to seek。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：包含钞票的信封。现在分词作定语，containing。 7.考查连词。句意：因为他看起来很穷。原因状语从句，because/since/as。 8.考查名词复数。句意：他们彻底改变了态度。attitude可数，用复数attitudes。 9.考查连词。句意：他不敢买那么多，但是店主说可以等。表转折，but。 10.考查时态。句意：这个故事教给我们。一般现在时teaches。 Passage 10（主题：中国书法） China is widely known for its ancient ______ (1) (civilise) which has continued through modern times. One of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. Written Chinese was originally a picture-______ (2) (base) language. It ______ (3) (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. However, people were divided geographically, ______ (4) (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into ______ (5) unified country. That writing system was of great importance in ______ (6) (unite) the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in ______ (7) (write). Written Chinese has also become an important means by ______ (8) China’s present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works ______ (9) were written by ancient Chinese. The high regard for the writing system can be seen in Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global ______ (10) (affair), more international students are beginning to appreciate Chinese culture through this amazing language. 【答案】 1.civilisation / civilization 2. based 3. dates 4. leading 5. one / a 6. uniting 7. writing 8. which 9. that / which 10. affairs 【导语】 本文介绍了中国书写系统的发展历史及其在统一中华文化和连接古今方面的重要作用，并提到书法艺术。 【解析】 1.考查名词。ancient后接名词civilisation。 2.考查非谓语动词。picture-based（以图画为基础的），固定搭配。 3.考查时态。date back to（追溯到），一般现在时dates。 4.考查非谓语动词。导致许多方言差异，现在分词作结果状语，leading。 5.考查冠词/数词。one unified country或a unified country，one/a。 6.考查非谓语动词。介词in后接动名词uniting。 7.考查名词。communicate in writing（通过书写交流），writing。 8.考查定语从句。介词+which，by which。 9.考查定语从句。先行词works，从句缺主语，that/which。 10.考查名词复数。global affairs（全球事务），affairs。 Passage 11（主题：人工智能与未来学习） Imagine a classroom ______ (1) the teacher is not a human but an AI system. This is no longer science fiction. In some schools around the world, AI ______ (2) (use) to personalise learning for each student. The AI can analyse a student’s strengths and ______ (3) (weak) and then create a customised study plan. This allows students to learn at their own pace, which is especially ______ (4) (benefit) for those who struggle with certain subjects. However, some people worry ______ (5) relying too much on AI might reduce human interaction. They argue that education is not just about ______ (6) (gain) knowledge, but also about developing social skills and emotional intelligence. A recent study showed that students who used AI tutors improved their test scores ______ (7) an average of 15%. But the same study found that these students felt ______ (8) (lonely) than those in traditional classrooms. So what is the future? Perhaps the best solution is a ______ (9) (mix) approach: AI for personalised practice, and human teachers for guidance, inspiration, and emotional support. ______ (10) (ultimate), technology should serve us, not replace the human connections that make learning truly meaningful. 【答案】 1.where 2. is being used 3. weaknesses 4. beneficial 5. that 6. gaining 7. by 8. lonelier / more lonely 9. mixed 10. Ultimately 【导语】 本文探讨了人工智能在教育中的应用及其利弊，并提出人机结合可能是最佳方案。 【解析】 1.考查定语从句。先行词classroom，从句缺地点状语，用where。 2.考查时态语态。AI被使用，且目前正在发生，用现在进行时被动is being used。 3.考查名词复数。strengths and weaknesses（优点和缺点），weaknesses。 4.考查形容词。对……有益，be beneficial to，beneficial。 5.考查宾语从句连词。worry that...，that。 6.考查非谓语动词。about为介词，后接动名词gaining。 7.考查介词。by an average of 15%（平均提高了15%），by。 8.考查比较级。felt lonelier / more lonely（感到更孤独）。 9.考查形容词。a mixed approach（混合方法），mixed。 10.考查副词。Ultimately（最终），修饰整个句子。 Passage 12（主题：气候变化与个人行动） You ______ (1) (probable) have heard about climate change. But did you know that small actions can make a big difference? Take food waste ______ (2) an example. Globally, about one-third of all food produced is wasted. That’s not just a waste of food, but also a waste of the water, land, and energy ______ (3) (use) to produce it. When food decomposes in landfills, it produces methane, a greenhouse gas ______ (4) is 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. So what can you do? First, plan your meals before ______ (5) (go) shopping. This helps you buy only what you need. Second, store food ______ (6) (proper) to make it last longer. Third, get creative with leftovers. You can turn yesterday’s dinner into today’s lunch. Fourth, compost food scraps ______ (7) of throwing them away. Composting not only reduces methane emissions but also creates nutrient-rich soil for plants. Some students have started “share tables” ______ (8) their school cafeterias, where uneaten food is left for others to take. This simple idea has saved hundreds of kilograms of food from going to waste. Remember, you don’t have to be perfect. Even small changes, ______ (9) you start doing them consistently, add up to a big impact. The future of our planet depends on ______ (10) (we) collective actions. So why not start today? 【答案】 1.probably 2. for 3. used 4. that / which 5. going 6. properly 7. instead 8. in 9. if / when 10. our 【导语】 本文介绍了食物浪费对气候变化的影响，并给出了减少浪费的具体建议，鼓励每个人从小事做起。 【解析】 1.考查副词。修饰动词have heard，probably。 2.考查介词。take...for example（以……为例），for。 3.考查非谓语动词。过去分词used作定语，修饰energy。 4.考查定语从句。先行词gas，从句缺主语，that/which。 5.考查非谓语动词。before为介词，后接动名词going。 6.考查副词。修饰store，properly（正确地）。 7.考查介词短语。instead of（而不是）。 8.考查介词。in school cafeterias（在学校食堂里），in。 9.考查连词。even if / when（即使/当），引导让步或时间状语。 10.考查代词。our collective actions（我们的集体行动），形容词性物主代词our。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业13：综合语言技能提升·语法填空专项通关 人教版必修1-3册 语法填空词性转换 一、动词 → 名词 常见后缀 -tion / -sion act→action, decide→decision, express→expression -ment achieve→achievement, develop→development, agree→agreement -ance / -ence appear→appearance, exist→existence, prefer→preference -ing feel→feeling, greet→greeting, suffer→suffering -ure fail→failure, press→pressure, please→pleasure -y recover→recovery, discover→discovery -al arrive→arrival, survive→survival, refuse→refusal -ity able→ability, active→activity, responsible→responsibility -ence differ→difference, refer→reference 二、动词 → 形容词 常见后缀 -ed（感到…的） excite→excited, tire→tired, confuse→confused -ing（令人…的） excite→exciting, tire→tiring, confuse→confusing -ful help→helpful, care→careful, wonder→wonderful -less hope→hopeless, use→useless, care→careless -able accept→acceptable, change→changeable, rely→reliable -ive act→active, impress→impressive, create→creative -ous danger→dangerous, continue→continuous 三、名词 → 形容词 常见后缀 -ful power→powerful, peace→peaceful, beauty→beautiful -less home→homeless, hope→hopeless, care→careless -ous danger→dangerous, humour→humorous, poison→poisonous -al nature→natural, culture→cultural, tradition→traditional -y wind→windy, rain→rainy, health→healthy -ic history→historic, economy→economic, energy→energetic -ive expense→expensive, impress→impressive 四、形容词 → 副词 大多数形容词 + -ly 构成副词，如：quick→quickly careful→carefully easy→easily（y变i） happy→happily true→truly whole→wholly 特殊情况：good→well 五、形容词 → 名词 常见后缀 -ness happy→happiness, kind→kindness, aware→awareness -ity able→ability, responsible→responsibility, difficult→difficulty -dom free→freedom, wise→wisdom -th strong→strength, warm→warmth 六、名词 → 动词 常见后缀/方法 -ize / -ise apology→apologise, memory→memorise, real→realise -en wide→widen, deep→deepen, threat→threaten -ify class→classify, beauty→beautify 零派生 water, hand, mail, book, schedule (名转动) 七、数词 → 序数词 one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fifth, eight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth, twenty→twentieth 八、代词转换 主格→宾格：I→me, he→him, she→her, we→us, they→them 形容词性物主代词→名词性物主代词：my→mine, your→yours, his→his, her→hers, our→ours, their→theirs 人称代词→反身代词：I→myself, you→yourself/yourselves, he→himself, she→herself, it→itself, we→ourselves, they→themselves 九、否定前缀/后缀 un- 不 unhappy, uncomfortable, unfair in- / im- / ir- / il- 不 incorrect, impossible, irregular, illegal dis- 不/相反 disagree, disappear, dishonest mis- 错误 misunderstand, mislead non- 非 non-stop, non-profit -less 无 hopeless, homeless, useless Passage 1（主题：新学期印象） My first day at senior high school was a little ______ (1) (confuse). I was ______ (2) (anxiety) because I didn’t know anyone. The first class was maths, and the teacher was ______ (3) (friend) and helpful. During the break, I met a boy ______ (4) name was Tom. He came from the UK and was an exchange student. He told me that he ______ (5) (study) Chinese for three years. We talked about our favourite subjects. He likes physics, ______ (6) I prefer history. After lunch, we had a chemistry class. The teacher let us do an interesting ______ (7) (experiment). I found most of my classmates were friendly. Now I feel much ______ (8) (good) than this morning. I think senior high school life is not so difficult as I ______ (9) (expect). There’s a lot ______ (10) (explore), and I’m looking forward to the new term. Passage 2（主题：保护野生动物） Wildlife is ______ (1) (die) out at an alarming rate. Between 150 and 200 species become extinct every day. This mass extinction is ______ (2) (main) caused by hunting, habitat loss, and pollution. The Tibetan antelope is one of the ______ (3) (endanger) species. In the 1980s and 1990s, hunters ______ (4) (shoot) them for their valuable fur. ______ (5) (save) this species, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night. Bridges and gates ______ (6) (add) to let the antelopes move easily. These measures proved ______ (7) (effect). The antelope population has recovered. However, the government does not intend ______ (8) (stop) the protection programmes. We need to learn to exist in ______ (9) (harmonious) with nature. Only then can we stop ______ (10) (be) a threat to wildlife. Passage 3（主题：网上购物） The Internet has made our lives much more ______ (1) (convenience). We no longer have to wait in line ______ (2) carry cash when we go shopping. We can get the most updated information from large ______ (3) (database). However, staying safe online is also important. The golden rule of the Internet is: if you see something ______ (4) makes you uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out your address ______ (5) phone number. Someone might use the information ______ (6) (steal) your identity. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. Third, be ______ (7) (politely). Being online is no excuse for being rude. A troll is a person ______ (8) posts comments to stir up trouble. The more polite you are, the ______ (9) (little) likely you will be attacked. ______ (10) (follow) these tips, you can enjoy a safer online experience. Passage 4（主题：节日与传统） Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide ______ (1) (range) of origins, such as the seasons, religions, and famous figures. ______ (2) matter how different they may seem, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, and love is common. The harvest festival can be found in almost every ______ (3) (cultural). This important ______ (4) (agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather ______ (5) (admire) the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs play a ______ (6) (significance) role, but they can change over time. For example, many big cities have given up the custom of ______ (7) (light) firecrackers to avoid air pollution. Some people believe festivals should not be ______ (8) (commercial). However, others think the increase in spending is good for the economy. Festivals help us understand ______ (9) we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. Studying festivals, you may find that different cultures have a lot ______ (10) common. Passage 5（主题：太空探索） Space exploration has always been a dream for humans. ______ (1) 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person to go into space. Over eight years ______ (2) (late), American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. He famously said, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for ______ (3) (mankind).” All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger ______ (4) (die) during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad, ______ (5) the desire to explore the universe never died. China’s space programme started later ______ (6) those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress. China became the third country ______ (7) (send) humans into space independently in 2003. The International Space Station orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, ______ (8) (provide) a continuous human presence in space. Exploring space has promoted technological ______ (9) (improve) that benefit us all. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future ______ (10) (discover) will help us understand how the universe began. Passage 6（主题：道德困境） Life is precious. To a person, nothing is ______ (1) (precious) than their life. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this ______ (2) (amaze) woman. At age 18, instead of ______ (3) (follow) the traditional path of marriage, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much?” her brother complained, ______ (4) (think) of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!” Eight years ______ (5) (late), she graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the highest prize. She immediately became the first woman ______ (6) (hire) as a resident physician. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then in the US. Her American colleagues invited her ______ (7) (stay), but she rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home. In 1941, she became the first Chinese woman to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department. ______ (8) the department was closed because of the war, she opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees and often reduced costs for poor ______ (9) (patient). Dr Lin never married, but she delivered over 50,000 babies. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. ______ (10) (final), she said, “I’m ready to go. Don’t try to rescue me any more.” Passage 7（主题：多元文化） San Francisco is a city ______ (1) was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906. My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of ______ (2) (old) parts of the city. Many people living here are from Mexico or Central America. This district used to be a poor area, ______ (3) is now a centre for art, music, and food. An art movement called the “Mission School” started here, ______ (4) (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. Afterward, I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. ______ (5) real mix of cultures here! In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum. I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848. In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, ______ (6) started a gold rush. Over 300,000 people came from all over the world ______ (7) (seek) their fortune. Many Chinese arrived during this period. They opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown, or found jobs on farms. The museum did a good job of showing ______ (8) America was built by immigrants from different countries. ______ (9) these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts. Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA. They allow visitors who ______ (10) (never, be) to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand. Passage 8（主题：音乐的力量） Have you ever faced a time ______ (1) things looked dark and you had no hope at all? Two years ago, I ______ (2) (tell) I had a serious disease. My body ached all the time, and I thought I didn’t have much longer to live. I was very afraid and felt so alone. Then one day, I had to go through a medical treatment. The doctor wanted me ______ (3) (relax), so he had me listen to some music. The song made me feel much ______ (4) (good) that from then on I began to listen to music all the time. Music helped me recover. Music gave me ______ (5) (happy). When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave me strength and brought me relief. It was the rock I leant on ______ (6) (become) strong. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction. It became my best friend. It spoke words of encouragement to the ______ (7) (deep) part of my being. I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of suffering ______ (8) I did. But we all go through periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help you in the same way ______ (9) it helped me. I hope all of you will treasure music and make it a part of your life. ______ (10) (thank) for listening. Passage 9（主题：金钱的价值） The Million Pound Bank Note is a famous short story ______ (1) (write) by Mark Twain. In the story, two rich brothers make ______ (2) bet. Oliver believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London. ______ (3) (he) brother Roderick doubts it. They see a poor young man ______ (4) (name) Henry Adams walking outside their house. Henry tells them that he landed in Britain by accident. He went to the American consulate ______ (5) (seek) help, but he didn’t dare to try again. He says he has no money. The brothers give him an envelope ______ (6) (contain) the bank note. They tell him not to open it until two o’clock. Henry thinks it’s silly, but he promises. Later, Henry goes to a tailor’s shop. The clerks treat him rudely at first ______ (7) he looks poor. But when he shows the bank note, they change their ______ (8) (attitude) completely. The owner says, “Oh, it’s perfect! It was made for some king but he’ll just have to wait.” Henry dare not buy all those things, ______ (9) the owner says they can wait forever. The story ______ (10) (teach) us not to judge people by their clothes or appearance. Passage 10（主题：中国书法） China is widely known for its ancient ______ (1) (civilise) which has continued through modern times. One of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. Written Chinese was originally a picture-______ (2) (base) language. It ______ (3) (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. However, people were divided geographically, ______ (4) (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into ______ (5) unified country. That writing system was of great importance in ______ (6) (unite) the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in ______ (7) (write). Written Chinese has also become an important means by ______ (8) China’s present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works ______ (9) were written by ancient Chinese. The high regard for the writing system can be seen in Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global ______ (10) (affair), more international students are beginning to appreciate Chinese culture through this amazing language. Passage 11（主题：人工智能与未来学习） Imagine a classroom ______ (1) the teacher is not a human but an AI system. This is no longer science fiction. In some schools around the world, AI ______ (2) (use) to personalise learning for each student. The AI can analyse a student’s strengths and ______ (3) (weak) and then create a customised study plan. This allows students to learn at their own pace, which is especially ______ (4) (benefit) for those who struggle with certain subjects. However, some people worry ______ (5) relying too much on AI might reduce human interaction. They argue that education is not just about ______ (6) (gain) knowledge, but also about developing social skills and emotional intelligence. A recent study showed that students who used AI tutors improved their test scores ______ (7) an average of 15%. But the same study found that these students felt ______ (8) (lonely) than those in traditional classrooms. So what is the future? Perhaps the best solution is a ______ (9) (mix) approach: AI for personalised practice, and human teachers for guidance, inspiration, and emotional support. ______ (10) (ultimate), technology should serve us, not replace the human connections that make learning truly meaningful. Passage 12（主题：气候变化与个人行动） You ______ (1) (probable) have heard about climate change. But did you know that small actions can make a big difference? Take food waste ______ (2) an example. Globally, about one-third of all food produced is wasted. That’s not just a waste of food, but also a waste of the water, land, and energy ______ (3) (use) to produce it. When food decomposes in landfills, it produces methane, a greenhouse gas ______ (4) is 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. So what can you do? First, plan your meals before ______ (5) (go) shopping. This helps you buy only what you need. Second, store food ______ (6) (proper) to make it last longer. Third, get creative with leftovers. You can turn yesterday’s dinner into today’s lunch. Fourth, compost food scraps ______ (7) of throwing them away. Composting not only reduces methane emissions but also creates nutrient-rich soil for plants. Some students have started “share tables” ______ (8) their school cafeterias, where uneaten food is left for others to take. This simple idea has saved hundreds of kilograms of food from going to waste. Remember, you don’t have to be perfect. Even small changes, ______ (9) you start doing them consistently, add up to a big impact. The future of our planet depends on ______ (10) (we) collective actions. So why not start today? 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $