暑假作业09 综合语言技能提升——核心词汇与短语精练（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

**基本信息** 高中英语暑假专项训练，聚焦核心词汇与短语，通过多题型梯度训练提升语言运用能力，强化语境中的词汇辨析与综合表达，培养语言能力和学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|13题（含4道★易错题）|考查词义辨析、固定搭配及语法应用（如虚拟语气）|从基础词汇辨析到语法搭配，覆盖高频易错点| |单词拼写|6题（含★易错题）|结合首字母或汉语提示考查语境词汇拼写|强化词汇在具体语境中的准确运用| |短语填空|6题|要求用所给短语正确形式填空|训练短语在语境中的时态、语态变化| |语法填空|5空|语篇中词汇的语法形式转换|实现词汇从孤立到语篇层面的综合应用| |话题写作|1篇|需用8+核心词汇描述环保/文化活动|通过写作达成词汇短语的综合输出，形成“基础-应用-综合”递进逻辑|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09：综合语言技能提升·核心词汇与短语精练 一、单项选择（★标注易错题） 1. The school adviser recommended that Tom ______ advanced literature because he is good at English. A. chose B. chooses C. choose D. has chosen 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议汤姆选修高级文学，因为他英语很好。recommend表示“建议”时，其后that从句中的谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，should可以省略。故选C。 2. ★ It is a ______ that many wild animals are dying out due to habitat loss. A. mystery B. challenge C. pity D. disaster 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多野生动物因栖息地丧失而逐渐灭绝，这真是一件令人遗憾的事。mystery“谜”；challenge“挑战”；pity“遗憾；可惜的事”；disaster“灾难”。根据语境，表达惋惜之情，故选C。 3. After a long discussion, they finally ______ a solution to the problem. A. came up with B. caught up with C. kept up with D. put up with 【答案】A 【解析】考查短语动词辨析。句意：经过长时间讨论，他们最终想出了解决问题的办法。came up with“想出；提出”；caught up with“赶上”；kept up with“跟上”；put up with“忍受”。根据句意，故选A。 4. The young man ______ to be a talented musician and soon became famous. A. proved B. turned C. grew D. remained 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这个年轻人证明了自己是一位有才华的音乐家，并很快成名。prove to be“证明是”；turn to“转向；求助于”；grow to“逐渐变得”；remain to“仍然”。prove to be符合语境，故选A。 5. ______ the heavy rain, they still went on with their outdoor training. A. Because of B. Despite C. In spite D. Although 【答案】B 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：尽管下着大雨，他们仍继续户外训练。despite是介词，后接名词短语；because of“因为”；in spite缺少of；although是连词，后接从句。故选B。 6. ★ This kind of plant is ______ to the rainforest and cannot be found elsewhere. A. familiar B. similar C. unique D. opposite 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：这种植物是雨林特有的，在其他地方找不到。be familiar to“为…所熟悉”；be similar to“与…相似”；be unique to“是…独有的”；be opposite to“与…相反”。根据句意，故选C。 7. The old man ______ all his savings to the local school to help poor children. A. donated B. raised C. collected D. paid 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这位老人把他所有的积蓄捐给了当地学校，以帮助贫困儿童。donated“捐赠”；raised“筹集”；collected“收集”；paid“支付”。donate ... to ...为固定搭配，故选A。 8. You must ______ the train tickets in advance, especially during the holiday season. A. book B. buy C. rent D. lend 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你必须提前预订火车票，尤其是在假期期间。book“预订”；buy“购买”；rent“租用”；lend“借出”。火车票通常说“预订”，故选A。 二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词（★标注易错题） 1.The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist a____________ in China. 【答案】attractions 【解析】考查名词。句意：长城是中国最著名的旅游景点之一。tourist attraction意为“旅游景点”，one of后接可数名词复数，故填attractions。 2. He was deeply i____________ by the doctor's kindness and decided to become a volunteer. 【答案】impressed 【解析】考查动词。句意：他被医生的善良深深打动，决定成为一名志愿者。be impressed by意为“被……打动”，此处用过去分词构成被动语态，故填impressed。 3. The government has taken effective m____________ to protect the environment. 【答案】measures 【解析】考查名词。句意：政府已采取有效措施保护环境。take measures to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“采取措施做某事”，measure用复数形式，故填measures。 4. She spoke English so f____________ that I thought she was a native speaker. 【答案】fluently 【解析】考查副词。句意：她英语说得如此流利，以至于我以为她是母语者。修饰动词spoke应用副词，fluently意为“流利地”，符合句意，故填fluently。 5. After the earthquake, thousands of people were left __________ (困住) under the ruins. 【答案】trapped 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地震后，成千上万的人被困在废墟下。leave sb. trapped意为“使某人被困”，过去分词trapped作主语补足语，表示被动状态，故填trapped。 6. The young actress was __________ (授予) the Best Actress Award at the film festival. 【答案】awarded 【解析】考查动词。句意：这位年轻女演员在电影节上被授予最佳女演员奖。主语与award之间为被动关系，was awarded意为“被授予”，故填awarded。 三、用所给短语的正确形式填空 fall in love with / watch over / make out / give way to /| die out / turn to 1.Many species will __________ if we don't take action to protect them. 【答案】die out 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：如果我们不采取行动保护它们，许多物种将会灭绝。will后接动词原形，die out意为“灭绝”，符合语境，故填die out。 2. In the darkness, I could hardly __________ the words on the sign. 【答案】make out 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：在黑暗中，我几乎无法辨认出标牌上的字。could hardly后接动词原形，make out意为“辨认出”，符合句意，故填make out。 3. When you are in trouble, don't hesitate to __________ your parents for help. 【答案】turn to 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当你遇到麻烦时，不要犹豫向你的父母求助。hesitate to do sth.，turn to sb. for help为固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”，故填turn to。 4. The old castle has finally __________ the new shopping mall. 【答案】given way to 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：这座古老的城堡最终让位于新的购物中心。give way to意为“让步于，被取代”，根据has finally可知用过去分词构成现在完成时，故填given way to。 5. She __________ traditional Chinese music the first time she heard it. 【答案】fell in love with 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：她第一次听到中国传统音乐就爱上了它。描述过去动作，用一般过去时，fall in love with意为“爱上”，故填fell in love with。 6. The mother asked her neighbour to __________ her baby while she was at work. 【答案】watch over 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：这位母亲请她的邻居在她上班时帮忙照看婴儿。ask sb. to do sth.，watch over意为“照看，守护”，符合句意，故填watch over。 一、单项选择 1. ______ the rapid development of technology, online education has become more and more popular. A. In spite of B. Thanks to C. Apart from D. Instead of 【答案】B 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于技术的快速发展，在线教育变得越来越受欢迎。Thanks to意为“由于，多亏了”，表示因果关系；In spite of“尽管”，表示让步；Apart from“除了”；Instead of“代替”。根据句意，技术发展是原因，故选B。 2. ★ The young man ______ a large sum of money to the charity, which moved many people. A. contributed B. subscribed C. distributed D. assigned 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这位年轻人向慈善机构捐献了一大笔钱，感动了很多人。contribute表示“捐献”，常与to连用；subscribe也有“认捐”之意，但多指定期捐款或订阅，且不如contribute常用；distribute“分发”；assign“分配”。捐献钱财给慈善机构用contribute最恰当，故选A。 3. The club ______ to help students develop leadership skills and teamwork spirit. A. aims B. plans C. agrees D. offers 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这个俱乐部旨在帮助学生培养领导能力和团队精神。aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”，表示目标或意图；plan to do“计划做”，但不如aim更贴切地表达俱乐部的宗旨；agree to do“同意做”；offer to do“主动提出做”。根据句意，俱乐部设立的目的即帮助学生，故选A。 4. Only when we learn to ______ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. A. exist B. live C. keep D. stay 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有学会与自然和谐共处，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。live with意为“与……共存”，live with nature是常见表达，指与自然和谐相处；exist with“与……共同存在”，但不如live自然；keep with“与……保持”，stay with“与……待在一起”，均不符合语境。故选B。 5. ★ The scientist spent ten years ______ the effect of climate change on the polar region. A. studying B. to study C. studied D. having studied 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位科学家花了十年时间研究气候变化对极地地区的影响。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语。故选A。 二、根据汉语完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们不应该取笑那些身体有残疾的人。 We should not __________ __________ __________ those who are physically disabled. 【答案】make fun of 2. 这个作家深受他童年经历的启发，写了一部关于成长的小说。 The writer was deeply __________ by his childhood experiences and wrote a novel about growing up. 【答案】 inspired 3. 只有当你亲自经历困难时，你才能真正理解别人的感受。 Only when you __________ __________ difficult times yourself can you truly understand others' feelings. 【答案】go through 4. 政府正在采取措施防止文化遗产被破坏。 The government is taking measures to __________ cultural heritage __________ being damaged. 【答案】prevent; from 5. 这个应用程序使用户能够在智能手机上轻松购物。 This app __________ users to shop easily on their smartphones. 【答案】enables 三、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I volunteered at a local nature reserve. The reserve was home to many endangered species, and the staff worked hard to 1. __________ (保护) them from threats. One of my tasks was to 2. __________ (照看) the nesting birds and make sure no one disturbed them. The experience 3. __________ (证明) to be both meaningful and unforgettable. I was deeply 4. __________ (感动) by the dedication of the volunteers. I realized that everyone can 5. __________ a difference in protecting our planet. 【导语】作者通过去年夏天在自然保护区做志愿者的亲身经历，认识到每个人都可以为保护濒危物种和地球环境贡献力量，并从中体会到志愿工作的深刻意义与感动。 1.【答案】B 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于技术的快速发展，在线教育变得越来越受欢迎。Thanks to意为“由于，多亏了”，表示因果关系；In spite of“尽管”；Apart from“除了”；Instead of“代替”。根据句意，技术进步是原因，故选B。 2.【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这位年轻人向慈善机构捐献了一大笔钱，感动了很多人。contribute (to) 表示“捐献”；subscribe (to) 多指定期捐款或订阅，语气不如contribute直接且常用；distribute“分发”；assign“分配”。向慈善机构捐钱应用contribute，故选A。 3.【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这个俱乐部旨在帮助学生培养领导能力和团队精神。aim to do sth. 意为“旨在做某事”，强调目标或宗旨；plan to do“计划做”；agree to do“同意做”；offer to do“主动提出做”。俱乐部设立的目的即帮助学生，故选A。 4.【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有学会与自然和谐共处，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。live with 意为“与……共存”，live with nature 是常见表达，指与自然和谐相处；exist with“与……共同存在”，但搭配不自然；keep with“与……保持”；stay with“与……待在一起”。根据语境，故选B。 5.【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位科学家花了十年时间研究气候变化对极地地区的影响。spend time (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语，故选A。 一、话题写作（选做） 主题： 用本单元所学的核心词汇与短语，写一篇英文短文，描述你参与的一次环保或文化遗产保护活动。 词汇池： volunteer, preserve, make a difference, take measures, be concerned about, donate, inspire, fall in love with, watch over, turn to, in harmony with, make out 要求： 1. 题目自拟，词数100–120。 2. 至少使用8个以上所给词汇或短语，并用下划线标出。 3. 结构完整，内容积极向上。 【示例答案】 A Meaningful Clean-up Activity Last month, I volunteered in a clean-up activity at the beach. I was concerned about the serious pollution there. We took measures to collect plastic waste and separate it for recycling. A local environmentalist inspired us with his speech. He said everyone can make a difference if they fall in love with nature. I was deeply moved and decided to watch over the beach regularly. Now I often turn to my friends for help, and we work in harmony with nature. I preserve our environment not just for us, but for future generations. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09：综合语言技能提升·核心词汇与短语精练 一、单项选择（★标注易错题） 1. The school adviser recommended that Tom ______ advanced literature because he is good at English. A. chose B. chooses C. choose D. has chosen 2. ★ It is a ______ that many wild animals are dying out due to habitat loss. A. mystery B. challenge C. pity D. disaster 3. After a long discussion, they finally ______ a solution to the problem. A. came up with B. caught up with C. kept up with D. put up with 4. The young man ______ to be a talented musician and soon became famous. A. proved B. turned C. grew D. remained 5. ______ the heavy rain, they still went on with their outdoor training. A. Because of B. Despite C. In spite D. Although 6. ★ This kind of plant is ______ to the rainforest and cannot be found elsewhere. A. familiar B. similar C. unique D. opposite 7. The old man ______ all his savings to the local school to help poor children. A. donated B. raised C. collected D. paid 8. You must ______ the train tickets in advance, especially during the holiday season. A. book B. buy C. rent D. lend 二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词（★标注易错题） 1.The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist a____________ in China. 2. He was deeply i____________ by the doctor's kindness and decided to become a volunteer. 3. The government has taken effective m____________ to protect the environment. 4. She spoke English so f____________ that I thought she was a native speaker. 5. After the earthquake, thousands of people were left __________ (困住) under the ruins. 6. The young actress was __________ (授予) the Best Actress Award at the film festival. 三、用所给短语的正确形式填空 fall in love with / watch over / make out / give way to /| die out / turn to 1.Many species will __________ if we don't take action to protect them. 2. In the darkness, I could hardly __________ the words on the sign. 3. When you are in trouble, don't hesitate to __________ your parents for help. 4. The old castle has finally __________ the new shopping mall. 5. She __________ traditional Chinese music the first time she heard it. 6. The mother asked her neighbour to __________ her baby while she was at work. 一、单项选择 1. ______ the rapid development of technology, online education has become more and more popular. A. In spite of B. Thanks to C. Apart from D. Instead of 2. ★ The young man ______ a large sum of money to the charity, which moved many people. A. contributed B. subscribed C. distributed D. assigned 3. The club ______ to help students develop leadership skills and teamwork spirit. A. aims B. plans C. agrees D. offers 4. Only when we learn to ______ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. A. exist B. live C. keep D. stay 5. ★ The scientist spent ten years ______ the effect of climate change on the polar region. A. studying B. to study C. studied D. having studied 二、根据汉语完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们不应该取笑那些身体有残疾的人。 We should not __________ __________ __________ those who are physically disabled. 2. 这个作家深受他童年经历的启发，写了一部关于成长的小说。 The writer was deeply __________ by his childhood experiences and wrote a novel about growing up. 3. 只有当你亲自经历困难时，你才能真正理解别人的感受。 Only when you __________ __________ difficult times yourself can you truly understand others' feelings. 4. 政府正在采取措施防止文化遗产被破坏。 The government is taking measures to __________ cultural heritage __________ being damaged. 5. 这个应用程序使用户能够在智能手机上轻松购物。 This app __________ users to shop easily on their smartphones. 三、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I volunteered at a local nature reserve. The reserve was home to many endangered species, and the staff worked hard to 1. __________ (保护) them from threats. One of my tasks was to 2. __________ (照看) the nesting birds and make sure no one disturbed them. The experience 3. __________ (证明) to be both meaningful and unforgettable. I was deeply 4. __________ (感动) by the dedication of the volunteers. I realized that everyone can 5. __________ a difference in protecting our planet. 一、话题写作（选做） 主题： 用本单元所学的核心词汇与短语，写一篇英文短文，描述你参与的一次环保或文化遗产保护活动。 词汇池： volunteer, preserve, make a difference, take measures, be concerned about, donate, inspire, fall in love with, watch over, turn to, in harmony with, make out 要求： 1. 题目自拟，词数100–120。 2. 至少使用8个以上所给词汇或短语，并用下划线标出。 3. 结构完整，内容积极向上。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $