Unit 4 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）五年级英语暑假自学课（教科版·新教材）

五年级上册暑假自学课（教科版） Unit 4 Here Comes a Typhoon! 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 祈使句的肯定与否定形式 【语法点拨】 祈使句用于发出命令、建议或警告。本单元中大量使用祈使句来表达台风安全提示。祈使句以动词原形开头，主语通常省略。 （1）肯定祈使句：动词原形 + 其他成分 Close the windows. （关窗。） Turn off the lights. （关灯。） Stay away from trees! （远离树木！） Watch your step. （注意脚下。） （2）否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Don’t run. （不要跑。） Don’t stay outside. （不要待在室外。） 对比说明：肯定祈使句直接以动词原形开头，否定祈使句在动词前加 Don’t。注意：不能用 Doesn’t 或 Not 来构成否定祈使句。 【易错提示】 ❌ Doesn’t close the windows. （否定祈使句用 Don’t，不用 Doesn’t） ❌ Not run. （否定祈使句用 Don’t + 动词原形，不用 Not） ❌ Closes the windows. （祈使句动词用原形，不加 s） ❌ Don’t running. （Don’t 后接动词原形，不接 -ing） ✅ Don’t close the windows. ✅ Close the windows. 【知识演练01】把下列句子改写为祈使句。 1. You should close the windows. → ______ the windows. 2. You shouldn’t run in the rain. → ______ in the rain. 3. You need to stay away from trees. → ______ away from trees. 4. 选择：______ a colourful raincoat so others can see you. A. Wearing B. Wear C. Wears D. To wear 5. 选择：______ outside during a typhoon. A. Not stay B. Doesn’t stay C. Don’t stay D. Don’t staying 语法易错02 will 表将来（预测与计划） 【语法点拨】 本单元用 will 表示将来的预测或计划。结构：主语 + will + 动词原形。will 没有人称变化，不加 s。否定形式：will not = won’t。 （1）表预测： A typhoon will come on Friday. （台风将在周五来临。） It will last for a day. （它将持续一天。） （2）表计划/需要： You’ll need to close the windows. （你将需要关窗。） You’ll want to bring your raincoat. （你会想带上雨衣。） （3）一般疑问句及简略回答： Will it be windy? —Yes, it will. / No, it won’t. （会刮风吗？—会的。/不会。） 对比说明：will 和 be going to 都表将来，但 will 强调客观预测（如天气预报），be going to 强调主观打算。此外，will + 动词原形，不加 to。 【易错提示】 ❌ A typhoon will comes on Friday. （will 后动词用原形，不加 s） ❌ It will to last for a day. （will 后直接接动词原形，不加 to） ❌ Will it be windy? —Yes, it does. （回答用 will / won’t，不用 does / doesn’t） ❌ He wills come tomorrow. （will 没有人称变化，不加 s） ✅ A typhoon will come on Friday. ✅ Will it be windy? —No, it won’t. 【知识演练02】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Heavy rain ______ (will) come at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 2. School ______ (will) end at 11:30 a.m. 3. ______ it be windy tomorrow? —Yes, it will. 4. 选择：You ______ need to bring your raincoat. A. will B. are C. does D. do 5. 选择：—Will the typhoon come on Friday? —No, ______. A. it doesn’t B. it won’t C. it isn’t D. it will 语法易错03 remember to / make sure + 动词原形 【语法点拨】 本单元中出现了 remember to do 和 make sure (有人称) do 的用法，都表示「记得要做某事 / 确保做某事」，后面都接动词原形。 （1）remember to do sth. 记得要做某事： Remember to keep safe. （记得要保持安全。） Please remember to turn off the lights. （请记得关灯。） （2）make sure + 子句 确保……： Make sure you bring your raincoat. （确保带上你的雨衣。） Make sure the students turn off the lights. （确保学生关灯。） 对比说明：remember to do（记得要做）vs. remember doing（记得做过）。例如：Remember to close the window.（记得要关窗）vs. I remember closing the window.（我记得关过窗了）。小学阶段主要掌握 remember to do。 【易错提示】 ❌ Remember closing the window. （表示「记得要关窗」应该用 remember to close） ❌ Make sure to you bring your raincoat. （make sure 后接子句，不用 to） ❌ Remember to brings your raincoat. （remember to 后接动词原形，不加 s） ❌ Make sure you to bring your raincoat. （make sure 后直接接主语+动词原形，不用 to） ✅ Remember to close the window. ✅ Make sure you bring your raincoat. 【知识演练03】根据提示完成句子。 1. Remember ______ (turn) off the lights before you leave. 2. Make sure you ______ (bring) your raincoat. 3. Please remember ______ (keep) safe during the typhoon. 4. 选择：Make sure the students ______ the windows before they leave. A. close B. closes C. closing D. to close 5. 选择：Remember ______ safe on your way home. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps 语法易错04 if 条件句（主将从现） 【语法点拨】 本单元出现了 if 引导的条件句，表示「如果……」。英语中的重要规则是：主句用 will/can/祈使句表将来，if 从句用一般现在时，这就是「主将从现」规则。 （1）if 从句在前： If you happen to be outside, get to a safe place quickly. （如果你碰巧在室外，快去安全的地方。） If the typhoon comes early, stay indoors. （如果台风来得早，待在室内。） （2）主句在前： You’ll need a raincoat if it rains. （如果下雨，你将需要雨衣。） 对比说明：if 从句中不能用 will，即使说的是将来的事。❌ If it will rain, stay indoors. ✓ If it rains, stay indoors. 【易错提示】 ❌ If it will rain tomorrow, I will stay home. （if 从句不能用 will，应为 If it rains） ❌ If you happen to be outside, you will get to a safe place. （主句是祈使句或将来时都可以，但不能在if从句中用将来时） ✅ If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home. ✅ If you happen to be outside, get to a safe place quickly. 【知识演练04】判断下列句子正误，错误的请改正。 1. If it will be windy, stay indoors. ( ) 2. If you happen to be outside, get to a safe place quickly. ( ) 3. If the typhoon comes early, we will stay home. ( ) 4. If it will rain tomorrow, bring your raincoat. ( ) 5. You will need a warm coat if it is cold. ( ) 综合提升（共50分） 一、单项选择（10分） 1. ______ away from trees during a typhoon! A. Staying B. Stay C. Stays D. To stay 2. A typhoon ______ come on Saturday afternoon. A. will B. is C. does D. are 3. Remember ______ safe on your way home. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps 4. ______ outside during a typhoon. It’s dangerous! A. Not stay B. Doesn’t stay C. Don’t stay D. Don’t staying 5. If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay home. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. raining 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10分） 1. ______ (close) the windows before the typhoon comes. 2. The typhoon ______ (will) land tomorrow morning. 3. Make sure you ______ (bring) your raincoat to school. 4. Don’t ______ (run) in the heavy rain. 5. If the wind ______ (be) strong, stay indoors. 三、句型转换（12分） 1. You should stay away from trees. （改为祈使句） ______ away from trees. 2. The typhoon will come on Friday. （改为一般疑问句） ______ the typhoon come on Friday? 3. You should not stay outside. （改为否定祈使句） ______ stay outside. 4. If it will rain, I will stay home. （找出并改正错误） If it ______, I will stay home. 5. Will it be windy tomorrow? （作否定回答） No, ______. 四、情景选择（8分） 根据情景，选择最佳答语。 1. —A typhoon is coming! What should I do? —______ A. I like typhoons. B. Stay indoors and close the windows. C. It’s sunny today. D. I will go outside. 2. —Will it be windy tomorrow? —______ A. Yes, it does. B. Yes, it is. C. Yes, it will. D. Yes, it can. 3. —I’m outside and the wind is very strong. —______ A. Go and play! B. Get to a safe place quickly! C. Don’t worry about it. D. It’s fun! 4. —Should I bring an umbrella? —______ A. No, a raincoat is better than an umbrella. B. Yes, bring a hat. C. No, it’s sunny. D. Yes, wear a T-shirt. 五、阅读理解（10分） 阅读短文，完成下列各题。 Typhoon Safety A typhoon is coming to our city tomorrow. It will bring heavy rain and strong winds. Here are some safety tips. If you are at home, close the windows and turn off the lights. Bring everything inside. Don’t stay near the windows. Make sure you have enough food and water. If you happen to be outside, get to a safe place quickly. Stay away from trees and don’t run. Wear a colourful raincoat so people can see you. Remember, a raincoat is better than an umbrella in a typhoon. Keep safe everyone! 1. What will the typhoon bring? ________________________________________________ 2. What should you do if you are at home? ________________________________________________ 3. What should you wear if you are outside? Why? ________________________________________________ 4. 判断正误：You should use an umbrella in a typhoon. ( ) 5. 判断正误：If you are outside during a typhoon, stay near the trees. ( ) 参考答案 【知识演练01】 1. Close 2. Don’t run 3. Stay 4. B 5. C 【知识演练02】 1. will 2. will 3. Will 4. A 5. B 【知识演练03】 1. to turn 2. bring 3. to keep 4. A 5. C 【知识演练04】 1. (×) 改为：If it is windy, stay indoors. 2. (√) 正确 3. (√) 正确 4. (×) 改为：If it rains tomorrow, bring your raincoat. 5. (√) 正确 【综合提升】 一、1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 二、1. Close 2. will 3. bring 4. run 5. is 三、1. Stay 2. Will 3. Don’t 4. rains 5. it won’t 四、1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 五、1. It will bring heavy rain and strong winds. 2. Close the windows, turn off the lights, bring everything inside, and don’t stay near the windows. 3. A colourful raincoat, so people can see you. 4. F 5. F 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $