专题06 选词或短语填空（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（鲁科版五四制）

专题06 选词或短语填空 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、通用 4 步解题法 1.定时态：圈出句中时态标志词，快速判定句子时态（一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般现在时）。 2.定词性：根据空格前后的单词（be 动词、情态动词、介词、冠词等），判断空格所需词性（动词原形 / 变形、名词、形容词等）。 3.选词义：翻译整句，结合语境从备选词中筛选语义匹配的单词 / 短语。 4.查变形：收尾检查主谓一致、动词时态变形、名词单复数、固定搭配拼写，确保形式准确。 二、答题技巧 Unit1 Winter Holidays（一般过去时专项） •核心考点：动词过去式（规则 + 不规则变形）、假期活动类固定短语 •解题技巧： a.看到 in the holidays, last winter holiday, yesterday, the Lantern Festival 等过去时间标志，立即判定用一般过去时，动词变为过去式。 b.本册高频不规则过去式：go→went, learn→learned, take→took, have→had, visit→visited；规则变化直接加 - ed。 c.固定短语中动词随时态变形，如 learn Beijing Opera, go ice fishing, have a good time。 Unit2 Good Behaviour（祈使句与规则表达专项） •核心考点：祈使句结构、行为规则短语、情态动词用法 •解题技巧： a.祈使句固定结构：Let's + 动词原形；Don't + 动词原形，遇到该结构直接填动词原形。 b.规则类短语固定搭配：wait in line, cross the street, walk on the grass, feed the animals，介词与名词搭配不可随意更改。 c.情态动词 can/can't 后必须接动词原形。 Unit3 Health（情态动词与健康表达专项） •核心考点：should/shouldn't 用法、疾病类表达、健康建议短语 •解题技巧： a.情态动词 should/shouldn't 后接动词原形，不随主语人称和数变化。 b.疾病类固定搭配：have a cold, have a fever, have a headache, take some medicine，have 随主语和时态变形。 c.健康建议句型 We should.../We shouldn't... 后直接接动词短语原形。 Unit4 Neighbourhood（there be 与现在进行时专项） •核心考点：there be 句型主谓一致、现在进行时结构、方位介词短语 •解题技巧： a.there be 句型遵循 “就近原则”：空格后是可数名词单数 / 不可数名词用 is，复数用 are；过去时态对应 was/were。 b.现在进行时标志：look, listen, now，结构为 be + 动词-ing；注意去 e、双写的变形规则（如 shine→shining, run→running）。 c.方位介词 next to, beside, near 后直接接地点名词，搭配固定。 Unit5 Country Life（名词复数与乡村场景专项） •核心考点：可数名词复数、there be 句型、how many 问答结构 •解题技巧： a.How many 后必须接可数名词复数，注意特殊变形：potato→potatoes, sheep→sheep（单复同形）。 b.there be 句型中多个名词并列时，be 动词与距离最近的名词保持数的一致。 c.乡村活动短语：pick fruit, in the field, feed the cows，动词根据时态正确变形。 Unit6 Plan for the Summer（一般将来时专项） •核心考点：be going to 与 will 结构、暑假计划类短语 •解题技巧： a.一般将来时标志：this summer holiday, next term, tomorrow；核心结构：will + 动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形。 b.be going to 中 be 动词随主语变化（am/is/are）；will 无人称和数的变化。 c.计划类固定短语：summer camp, travel around China, take swimming classes, get ready for，在将来时结构中动词用原形。 （一）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次小试牛刀 learn, cross, health, they, buy, shine, pick, travel, worry, have 1.Wang Hong _______ Beijing Opera in the winter holiday last year. 2.Look before you _______ the street. It’s a safe rule. 3.We should eat more vegetables and do sports to keep _______. 4.The children enjoyed _______ in the zoo last weekend. 5.Simon’s mum _______ a book about animals for Daming yesterday. 6.Look! The sun is _______ brightly. It’s perfect for a picnic. 7.Guo Liang often helps his grandpa _______ fruit in the orchard. 8.Peter _______ around China with his parents this summer holiday. 9.Don’t _______ about your lessons. We will help you after class. 10.I _______ a bad cold yesterday, so I stayed at home all day. （二）用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空，每短语限用一次 wait in line, have a rest, next to, take some medicine, go ice fishing, show...around, keep...away, get ready for, pick fruit, there be 1.It’s polite to _______ when we get on the bus. 2.You have a fever. You should _______ and drink more warm water. 3.Andy lives _______ Li Ming. They are good neighbours. 4.The doctor asked Wang Hong to _______ on time three times a day. 5.We _______ on the lake and got a big fish last winter holiday. 6.Would you like to _______ me _______ your new neighbourhood? 7.An apple a day _______ the doctor _______. 8.All the students are _______ the coming summer holiday. 9.Look! Many farmers _______ in the big orchard. 10._______ a bookshop and two supermarkets in my neighbourhood. （三）从方框中选择正确的单词补全短文，每词限用一次 went, acted, learned, had, took, watched, funny, ate, excited, parade Last winter holiday, I _______ to my grandparents’ home in the country. I _______ how to make dumplings from my grandma. On the Lantern Festival, we _______ a _______ in the street. I _______ like a little monkey in the team. It was so _______. We _______ sweet yuanxiao for breakfast. I _______ lots of pictures of the beautiful lanterns. I was very _______. We _______ a good time together. （四）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式补全短文，每词限用一次 travel, take, go, visit, be going to, read, make, get ready The summer holiday is coming. I _______ have a busy and colourful holiday. First, I _______ some English storybooks every day to improve my reading. Then, I _______ swimming classes. I want to be a good swimmer. Next, I _______ around Shandong with my parents. We _______ some famous places. We will _______ a lot of new friends there. At the end of the holiday, I will _______ for middle school life. I think I will have a wonderful holiday. （五）从方框中选择合适的单词补全短文，每词限用一次 are, singing, doing, park, beside, women, children, taijiquan, happy, lake It’s Sunday morning. There _______ many people in the _______. Look! Some old men are doing _______ near the _______. Some _______ are singing Beijing Opera under the big tree. Andy is watching them carefully. He wants to learn it. _______ the lake, some _______ are skating. They are very _______. Everyone is _______ a good time. What a warm and nice day! 参考答案 （一）单词适当形式填空 1.learned 解析：时间标志 last year 为一般过去时，动词 learn 变为过去式 learned。 2.cross 解析：祈使句结构，动词用原形；cross the street 为固定搭配，意为 “过马路”。 3.healthy 解析：keep + 形容词 表示 “保持某种状态”，health 变为形容词 healthy，意为 “健康的”。 4.themselves 解析：固定搭配 enjoy oneself 意为 “玩得开心”，主语是 the children，反身代词用 themselves。 5.bought 解析：时间标志 yesterday 为一般过去时，buy 的过去式为不规则变形 bought。 6.shining 解析：标志词 Look 提示现在进行时，结构为 be + 动词-ing，shine 去 e 加 - ing 变为 shining。 7.pick 解析：固定搭配 help sb. do sth.，动词用原形；pick fruit 意为 “摘水果”。 8.is going to travel / will travel 解析：时间标志 this summer holiday 为一般将来时，可用 be going to 或 will 结构，主语 Peter 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 9.worry 解析：Don't 后接动词原形；worry about 为固定搭配，意为 “担心”。 10.had 解析：时间标志 yesterday 为一般过去时，have a cold 中 have 的过去式为 had。 （二）短语适当形式填空 1.wait in line 解析：固定句型 It's + 形容词 + to do sth.，to 后接动词原形；wait in line 意为 “排队等候”。 2.have a rest 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形；have a rest 意为 “休息一下”。 3.next to 解析：介词短语 next to 意为 “紧挨着”，表示方位。 4.take some medicine 解析：固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth.，to 后接动词原形；take some medicine 意为 “吃药”。 5.went ice fishing 解析：时间标志 last winter holiday 为一般过去时，go 变为过去式 went。 6.show; around 解析：固定句型 Would you like to do sth.，to 后接动词原形；show...around 意为 “带领…… 参观”。 7.keeps; away 解析：主语 An apple a day 是单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式；keep...away 意为 “使…… 远离”。 8.getting ready for 解析：标志词 are 提示现在进行时，get 双写 t 加 - ing；get ready for 意为 “为…… 做准备”。 9.are picking fruit 解析：标志词 Look 提示现在进行时，主语 farmers 是复数，be 动词用 are。 10.There is 解析：there be 句型遵循就近原则，最近的名词 a bookshop 是单数，be 动词用 is。 （三）补全短文（寒假经历） 1.went 解析：全文讲述过去的寒假经历，用一般过去时，go to... 变为 went to...。 2.learned 解析：一般过去时，learn how to do sth. 意为 “学习做某事”，learn 变过去式。 3.watched 解析：一般过去时，watch a parade 意为 “看游行”，watch 变过去式。 4.parade 解析：冠词 a 后接可数名词单数，parade 意为 “游行”。 5.acted 解析：一般过去时，act like 意为 “表现得像”，act 变过去式。 6.funny 解析：形容词作表语，funny 意为 “有趣的”。 7.ate 解析：一般过去时，eat 的过去式为不规则变形 ate。 8.took 解析：一般过去时，take pictures 意为 “拍照”，take 变过去式 took。 9.excited 解析：形容词修饰人，excited 意为 “感到兴奋的”。 10.had 解析：固定搭配 have a good time，一般过去时用 had。 （四）补全短文（暑假计划） 1.am going to 解析：全文讲暑假计划，用一般将来时；主语是 I，be 动词用 am。 2.am going to read / will read 解析：一般将来时结构，read storybooks 意为 “读故事书”。 3.am going to take / will take 解析：一般将来时；take swimming classes 意为 “上游泳课”。 4.am going to travel / will travel 解析：一般将来时；travel around 意为 “环游……”。 5.are going to visit / will visit 解析：主语 We 是复数，be 动词用 are；visit places 意为 “参观地点”。 6.make 解析：will 后接动词原形；make friends 意为 “交朋友”。 7.get ready 解析：will 后接动词原形；get ready for 意为 “为…… 做准备”。 （五）补全短文（社区活动） 1.are 解析：there be 句型，many people 是复数，be 动词用 are。 2.park 解析：冠词 the 后接名词，in the park 意为 “在公园里”。 3.taijiquan 解析：固定搭配 do taijiquan 意为 “打太极拳”。 4.lake 解析：冠词 the 后接名词，near the lake 意为 “在湖边”。 5.women 解析：some 后接可数名词复数，woman 的复数为 women。 6.Beside 解析：介词表示方位，beside the lake 意为 “在湖边”，句首首字母大写。 7.children 解析：some 后接可数名词复数，child 的复数为 children。 8.happy 解析：形容词作表语，happy 意为 “开心的”。 9.having 解析：现在进行时结构 be + 动词-ing，have a good time 中 have 变 having。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $