专题08 完形填空&阅读理解（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（鲁科版五四制）

**基本信息** 聚焦完形填空与阅读理解，构建“通用方法+分主题专项技巧”体系，以主题整合语法、词汇与阅读策略，实现语言能力与思维品质协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |通用解题方法|完形4步（通读/先易后难等）、阅读4步（题干定位/细节比对等）|分题型提炼可操作步骤，强调上下文线索与原文定位|从宏观解题流程到微观技巧，形成“策略-应用”逻辑链| |分单元专项技巧|6个主题单元（Winter Holidays等）|结合主题考点（如过去时、祈使句），提供场景化技巧（时间标志词锁定时态等）|主题串联语法（时态/情态动词）、词汇（短语）、阅读策略，构建“主题-考点-技巧”三维体系| |小试牛刀|完形6篇+阅读6篇，覆盖全部主题|通过典例验证技巧，解析突出考点与方法对应|以题载法，实现“学-练-评”闭环，强化知识迁移能力|

专题08 完形填空 & 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、通用解题方法 完形填空 1.通读全文知大意：跳过空格快速读完整篇，明确文章时态、主题和情感基调，不纠结单个生词。 2.先易后难逐空填：先做固定搭配、基础语法类题目，拿不准的题标记后结合上下文线索推导。 3.上下找线索：关注前后文的词汇复现、逻辑关系（并列 and、转折 but、因果 because），结合生活常识判断。 4.复读验答案：填完后通读全文，检查时态统一、单复数一致、搭配通顺，修正明显错误。 阅读理解 1.先看题干划关键词：圈出人名、时间、地点、疑问词，带着问题回原文定位，提升做题速度。 2.细节题原句定位：正确答案多是原文原句或同义替换，偷换概念、扩大范围的选项直接排除。 3.判断题逐句比对：找到选项对应的原文句子，注意 always/never/often 等程度词，时间、地点错位是常见坑点。 4.主旨题看首尾：文章主旨一般在首段总起句或尾段总结句，避免选太细节的内容。 分单元专项答题技巧 Unit1 Winter Holidays •完形核心考点：一般过去时动词变形（规则 / 不规则）、假期活动短语、情感类形容词 •解题技巧：① 圈出 last holiday, yesterday, during the festival 等时间标志，直接锁定动词过去式；② 牢记本册高频不规则变化：go→went, learn→learned, take→took, have→had, get→got；③ 活动类短语固定搭配直接匹配：learn Beijing Opera, go ice fishing, watch the parade。 •阅读核心考点：假期活动细节查找、人物感受推理 •解题技巧：定位人物 + 假期活动的句子，重点关注动词过去式对应的事件。 Unit2 Good Behaviour •完形核心考点：祈使句结构、情态动词 can/can't 用法、公共场所规则短语 •解题技巧：① 句首设空且后接动词原形，优先考虑祈使句，否定形式直接用 Don't + 动词原形；② 情态动词后必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化；③ 场景匹配：公交场景对应 wait in line, get on；动物园场景对应 feed the animals, walk on the grass。 •阅读核心考点：规则正误判断、行为建议匹配 •解题技巧：先定位场景词（zoo, bus, library），再找到对应的规则句，一一比对选项。 Unit3 Health •完形核心考点：疾病类名词、should/shouldn't 用法、健康建议固定搭配 •解题技巧：① should/shouldn't 后永远接动词原形，表建议；② 症状与建议对应：have a fever→take some medicine, have a cold→see a doctor；③ 固定搭配：keep healthy, have a good rest, on time。 •阅读核心考点：健康方法匹配、原因推理 •解题技巧：找到问题（What's wrong?）对应的解决方案，区分 should（应该做）和 shouldn't（不应该做）的内容。 Unit4 Neighbourhood •完形核心考点：there be 句型、现在进行时、方位介词、社区地点名词 •解题技巧：① there be 句型遵循就近原则，空格后第一个名词是单数用 is，复数用 are；② 看到 look, listen, now 标志词，结合 be 动词，直接选动词 - ing 形式；③ 方位介词固定搭配：next to, beside, near，直接记忆匹配。 •阅读核心考点：社区设施位置、人物正在做的事 •解题技巧：按地点顺序梳理信息，定位每个设施的功能和对应的人物活动。 Unit5 Country Life •完形核心考点：可数名词单复数、How many 问答结构、乡村活动短语、交通方式 •解题技巧：① many 后接可数名词复数，注意特殊变化：sheep 单复同形，potato→potatoes；② How many 后必须跟可数名词复数；③ 交通方式 by + 交通工具，中间不加冠词。 •阅读核心考点：乡村 / 农场生活细节、数量计算 •解题技巧：圈出文中的数字和动物、植物名称，对应题干逐一匹配。 Unit6 Plan for the Summer •完形核心考点：一般将来时（be going to /will）、暑假活动短语、You'd better 句型 •解题技巧：① 看到 this summer holiday, next week, tomorrow 用将来时，will 后接动词原形，be going to 结构中 be 动词随主语变化；② You'd better (not) + 动词原形 是固定结构，表建议；③ 计划类文章按时间顺序推进，关注先后动作的逻辑。 •阅读核心考点：不同人的暑假计划、出行建议 •解题技巧：区分不同人物的计划内容，用人物名作为关键词快速定位。 小试牛刀 1、 完形填空。 Passage 1（寒假经历主题） Last winter holiday, I went to my grandparents' home in the country. I 1 a big fish with my grandpa in the lake. It was very interesting. We had yuanxiao for breakfast 2 the Lantern Festival. Then we went to watch the 3. I joined it and acted like the Monkey King. I 4 many pictures of the beautiful lanterns. I 5 a prize when I guessed riddles. I was very excited. We had a good time during the holiday. ( )1. A. got B. get C. gets ( )2. A. in B. on C. at ( )3. A. parade B. party C. game ( )4. A. take B. took C. taking ( )5. A. win B. won C. wins Passage 2（公共规则主题） Today is Sunday. I go to the zoo with my mum. There are many rules in the zoo. When we get on the bus, the driver says, "Don't 1. Please wait in line." On the bus, we can't 2 loudly. We should give our seat to old people. When we are in the zoo, we can't 3 the animals too much. And we can't walk 4 the grass. My mum says, "It's good to follow the rules. 5 be a polite child." ( )1. A. push B. wait C. run ( )2. A. shout B. shoutting C. shouting ( )3. A. feed B. feeds C. feeding ( )4. A. in B. on C. at ( )5. A. Not B. Don't C. Please Passage 3（健康生活主题） Everyone wants to be healthy. How can we keep healthy? First, we 1 do sports every day. We can run, swim or play ball games. Second, we should eat more fruit and vegetables. 2 eat too much junk food. It is bad for our health. Third, we should have enough sleep. We 3 go to bed late. If you feel bad, you should go to 4 the doctor. Take some medicine and have a good rest. You will get 5 soon. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Remember it! ( )1. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )2. A. Do B. Don't C. Not ( )3. A. should B. can C. shouldn't ( )4. A. see B. look C. watch ( )5. A. good B. well C. bad Passage 4（社区生活主题） I live in a nice neighbourhood. There 1 a small park and two bookshops in it. Many people like to go there. Look! Some old men 2 Chinese chess under the tree. Some women are singing Beijing Opera. They sing very well. 3 the lake, some children are doing taijiquan. They are having lots of fun. I love my neighbourhood. My best friend Andy lives 4 to my home. We often play together. We 5 the new neighbourhood very much. ( )1. A. is B. are C. be ( )2. A. play B. plays C. are playing ( )3. A. Beside B. Behind C. On ( )4. A. next B. near C. beside ( )5. A. stay B. enjoy C. follow Passage 5（乡村生活主题） My uncle lives in a small village. I go there every weekend. There is a river 1 the village. There are many fish in it. We can go fishing there. My uncle has a big yard. There are twenty 2 and ten sheep in the yard. The baby ducks are very lovely. There is a vegetable garden behind the house. You can see many potato 3 and cucumber plants. I often help my uncle 4 fruit in the orchard on Sundays. My cousin Guo Liang goes to school 5 school bus every day. He likes his school life. ( )1. A. near B. far C. next ( )2. A. duck B. ducks C. duckes ( )3. A. plant B. plants C. planting ( )4. A. pick B. picks C. picking ( )5. A. on B. in C. by Passage 6（暑假计划主题） The summer holiday is coming. I 1 a plan for it. First, I 2 take swimming classes. I want to be a swimming star. Second, I will travel around Shandong with my family. We will go to Qingdao. We will visit many famous places. My mum says, "You'd better 3 an umbrella. It often rains there." Third, I will read some English storybooks. I 4 to improve my English. Next term, I will go to middle school. I am getting ready 5 the new school life. I think I will have a wonderful holiday. ( )1. A. make B. will make C. makes ( )2. A. am going to B. going to C. be going to ( )3. A. take B. taking C. takes ( )4. A. want B. wants C. wanted ( )5. A. to B. for C. of （二）阅读理解 Passage 1（寒假经历主题） 阅读短文，判断正 (T) 误 (F) Dear Wang Hong, How are you? I'm back from Canada now. I want to tell you about my winter holiday. I went back to Ottawa with my parents. I visited my good friends there. We played ice hockey together. It's my favourite sport. I also went dog sledding with my dad. It was very exciting. I took lots of pictures. I didn't go ice fishing, but I saw many people fish on the lake. I had a wonderful holiday. What about you? Please write to me soon. Yours, Peter ( )1. Peter went to Hainan for his winter holiday. ( )2. Peter's favourite sport is ice hockey. ( )3. Peter went dog sledding with his grandpa. ( )4. Peter went ice fishing on the lake. ( )5. Peter took many pictures during his holiday. Passage 2（行为规则主题） 阅读短文，判断正 (T) 误 (F) Here are some rules for the school library. First, you should wait in line when you go into the library. Don't push. Second, don't shout in the library. You should talk quietly. Third, don't eat or drink in the library. Keep the books clean. Fourth, you should put the books back before you leave. Don't take the books home if you don't borrow them. Everyone should follow the rules. Be a good reader. ( )1. We can push when we go into the library. ( )2. We should talk loudly in the library. ( )3. We can't eat food in the library. ( )4. We should put the books back before leaving. ( )5. We can take any book home. Passage 3（健康主题） 阅读短文，选择正确答案 Nancy is 11 years old. She has a healthy life. She gets up early every morning. Then she does sports in the park. She likes running and skipping. She says sports make her strong. For food, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables. Her favourite fruit is apples. She eats an apple every day. She doesn't like junk food like hamburgers and chips. She says junk food makes people fat. She goes to bed before nine o'clock every night. She has enough sleep. She says, "If you want to be healthy, do sports, eat healthy food and sleep well." ( )1. What does Nancy do in the morning? A. She does sports. B. She reads books. C. She eats junk food. ( )2. What's Nancy's favourite fruit? A. Oranges. B. Apples. C. Bananas. ( )3. Why doesn't Nancy like junk food? A. Because it's not delicious. B. Because it makes people fat. C. Because it's expensive. ( )4. When does Nancy go to bed? A. Before nine o'clock. B. At nine o'clock. C. After nine o'clock. ( )5. Which is NOT Nancy's healthy way? A. Doing sports. B. Eating healthy food. C. Watching TV late. Passage 4（社区主题） 阅读短文，选择正确答案 Welcome to Sun Neighbourhood! It's a new and nice place to live in. There is a big sports centre in the neighbourhood. People can play basketball, skate and do taijiquan there. Beside the sports centre, there is a supermarket. You can buy all kinds of things there. Next to the supermarket, there is a small bookshop. There are many storybooks and picture books in it. Children like to go there on weekends. There is also a beautiful garden in the neighbourhood. There are many flowers and trees in it. People like to take a walk there after dinner. Everyone enjoys their life in Sun Neighbourhood. ( )1. What is beside the sports centre? A. A bookshop. B. A supermarket. C. A garden. ( )2. What is in the bookshop? A. Storybooks. B. Toys. C. Fruit. ( )3. When do children like to go to the bookshop? A. On weekdays. B. On weekends. C. Every morning. ( )4. What do people like to do in the garden? A. Play basketball. B. Skate. C. Take a walk. ( )5. Which is TRUE about the neighbourhood? A. It's old and small. B. There is no sports centre. C. People enjoy living there. Passage 5（乡村生活主题） 阅读短文，简要回答问题 My name is Guo Liang. I live in a small village. I study in a primary school. I go to school by school bus every day. My favourite subject is Science. Sometimes we have science classes in the field. We can see many plants and insects. It's very interesting. After school, I often help my parents feed the cows and feed the ducks. I have many things to do. At the weekend, I usually go to my father's orchard. There are many apple trees and cherry trees. I often help my father pick fruit. I like the cherry best. It's sweet. I love my life in the country. 1.How does Guo Liang go to school? ________________________________________________ 2.What's Guo Liang's favourite subject? ________________________________________________ 3.Where do they sometimes have science classes? ________________________________________________ 4.What does Guo Liang often do after school? ________________________________________________ 5.What fruit does Guo Liang like best? ________________________________________________ Passage 6 阅读短文，选择正确答案 The summer holiday is coming. Three students are talking about their plans. Li Ming: I will go to a summer camp in Britain. I will have English classes on weekdays. On weekends, I will visit the British Museum, Hyde Park and the London Eye. I will take my camera with me. Wang Hong: I am going to Harbin with my family. We will go there by train. I will take many pictures of the beautiful buildings. You'd better take warm clothes, because it's cool there in summer. Danny: I will go to the summer camp with Li Ming. I will take my football. I want to play football with new friends. I also want to learn more about British culture. ( )1. Where will Li Ming go for the summer camp? A. In Britain. B. In Harbin. C. In Canada. ( )2. What will Li Ming do on weekdays? A. Visit famous places. B. Have English classes. C. Play football. ( )3. How will Wang Hong go to Harbin? A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By train. ( )4. What does Wang Hong say about Harbin? A. It's hot in summer. B. You'd better take warm clothes. C. There are no beautiful buildings. ( )5. What will Danny take to the summer camp? A. His camera. B. His football. C. An umbrella. 参考答案 （一）完形填空 Passage 1 1.答案：A 解析：文章整体为一般过去时，描述寒假的事，动词用过去式，get 的过去式是 got。 2.答案：B 解析：具体节日前用介词 on，on the Lantern Festival 是固定搭配。 3.答案：A 解析：结合后文 “我加入其中，扮演美猴王”，可知是去看游行，watch the parade 是固定短语。 4.答案：B 解析：一般过去时，take pictures 的过去式是 took pictures。 5.答案：B 解析：一般过去时，win 的过去式是 won，win a prize 意为 “获奖”。 Passage 2 1.答案：A 解析：公交场景的规则是 “不要推挤，请排队”，push 意为 “推挤”，符合语境。 2.答案：A 解析：情态动词 can't 后接动词原形，shout loudly 意为 “大声喊”。 3.答案：A 解析：情态动词 can't 后接动词原形，feed the animals 意为 “喂动物”。 4.答案：B 解析：固定搭配 walk on the grass，意为 “踩踏草坪”。 5.答案：C 解析：祈使句肯定形式用 Please + 动词原形，句意为 “请做一个有礼貌的孩子”。 Passage 3 1.答案：A 解析：保持健康的建议，“我们应该每天做运动”，should 意为 “应该”。 2.答案：B 解析：否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，句意为 “不要吃太多垃圾食品”。 3.答案：C 解析：健康建议是不应该晚睡，shouldn't 意为 “不应该”。 4.答案：A 解析：固定搭配 see the doctor，意为 “看医生”。 5.答案：B 解析：get well 是固定搭配，意为 “康复”，well 作形容词表示身体好。 Passage 4 1.答案：A 解析：there be 句型遵循就近原则，最近的名词 a small park 是单数，be 动词用 is。 2.答案：C 解析：标志词 Look 提示句子用现在进行时，结构为 be + 动词 - ing，主语是复数，be 动词用 are。 3.答案：A 解析：beside the lake 意为 “在湖边”，符合打太极的场景。 4.答案：A 解析：固定搭配 next to，意为 “紧挨着”，是固定短语。 5.答案：B 解析：enjoy 意为 “喜欢，享受”，句意为 “我们非常喜欢这个新社区”。 Passage 5 1.答案：A 解析：near the village 意为 “在村庄附近”，符合河流的位置描述。 2.答案：B 解析：twenty 后接可数名词复数，duck 的复数是 ducks。 3.答案：B 解析：many 后接可数名词复数，potato plant 的复数是 potato plants。 4.答案：A 解析：固定搭配 help sb. do sth.，动词用原形 pick。 5.答案：C 解析：固定搭配 by + 交通工具，by school bus 意为 “坐校车”。 Passage 6 1.答案：B 解析：暑假还没到来，用一般将来时 will make，表示 “将会制定计划”。 2.答案：A 解析：一般将来时 be going to 结构，主语是 I，be 动词用 am。 3.答案：A 解析：固定结构 You'd better + 动词原形，意为 “最好做某事”。 4.答案：A 解析：主语是 I，一般现在时动词用原形 want，want to do sth. 意为 “想要做某事”。 5.答案：B 解析：固定搭配 get ready for，意为 “为…… 做准备”。 （二）阅读理解 Passage 1 1.答案：F 解析：原文提到 I went back to Ottawa with my parents，不是去海南。 2.答案：T 解析：原文提到 We played ice hockey together. It's my favourite sport，与题目一致。 3.答案：F 解析：原文是 I also went dog sledding with my dad，是和爸爸不是爷爷。 4.答案：F 解析：原文提到 I didn't go ice fishing，说明他没有去冰钓。 5.答案：T 解析：原文提到 I took lots of pictures，lots of 和 many 同义。 Passage 2 1.答案：F 解析：原文提到 Don't push，说明不能推挤。 2.答案：F 解析：原文提到 you should talk quietly，要轻声说话，不能大声。 3.答案：T 解析：原文提到 don't eat or drink in the library，说明不能在图书馆吃东西。 4.答案：T 解析：原文提到 you should put the books back before you leave，与题目一致。 5.答案：F 解析：原文提到 Don't take the books home if you don't borrow them，不是所有书都能带回家。 Passage 3 1.答案：A 解析：原文提到 Then she does sports in the park，她早上做运动。 2.答案：B 解析：原文提到 Her favourite fruit is apples。 3.答案：B 解析：原文提到 She says junk food makes people fat。 4.答案：A 解析：原文提到 She goes to bed before nine o'clock every night。 5.答案：C 解析：文中没有提到看电视到很晚，这不是健康的生活方式。 Passage 4 1.答案：B 解析：原文提到 Beside the sports centre, there is a supermarket。 2.答案：A 解析：原文提到 There are many storybooks and picture books in it。 3.答案：B 解析：原文提到 Children like to go there on weekends。 4.答案：C 解析：原文提到 People like to take a walk there after dinner。 5.答案：C 解析：原文最后一句 Everyone enjoys their life in Sun Neighbourhood，与 C 选项一致。 Passage 5 1.答案：He goes to school by school bus. 解析：原文提到 I go to school by school bus every day。 2.答案：His favourite subject is Science. 解析：原文提到 My favourite subject is Science。 3.答案：In the field. 解析：原文提到 Sometimes we have science classes in the field。 4.答案：He often helps his parents feed the cows and ducks. 解析：原文提到 After school, I often help my parents feed the cows and feed the ducks。 5.答案：He likes cherries best. 解析：原文提到 I like the cherry best。 Passage 6 1.答案：A 解析：原文提到 I will go to a summer camp in Britain。 2.答案：B 解析：原文提到 I will have English classes on weekdays。 3.答案：C 解析：原文提到 We will go there by train。 4.答案：B 解析：原文提到 You'd better take warm clothes, because it's cool there in summer。 5.答案：B 解析：原文提到 I will take my football。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $