专题06 句型转换（专项训练）五升六年级英语暑假专项提升（外研版三起·新教材）

**基本信息** 以四步答题法为核心，系统整合五大必考题型解题规则，结合单元考点与易错点，构建“技巧-题型-知识”三维训练体系，提升语言转换能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧|5大题型+规则表|四步审题法（圈要求-找主干-按规则-查细节）；分类口诀（be/情态/实义动词转换规则）|从动词分类（be/情态/实义）到句型转换规则，关联单元时态（现/过去时）与语法点（比较级/There be）| |小试牛刀|70题（含20道典型解析）|错题归因（助动词后动词还原、some/any转换等易错点）|通过典例覆盖高频考点，强化技巧迁移与知识应用，培养精准解题思维|

专题06 句型转换 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 五年级的“句型转换”围绕一般现在时、一般过去时、情态动词、There be 句型、形容词比较级展开，主流题型包含：肯定句↔否定句、陈述句↔一般疑问句、对划线部分提问（特殊疑问句）、单数 / 复数转换、时态改写。 一、句型转换的答题技巧 1. 审题圈要求：看清题干指令（改否定 / 疑问 / 划线提问 / 变复数 / 换时态），圈出时间词、关键词，锁定句子时态（现在 / 过去）。 2. 找句子主干：识别句子核心动词，分为三类：be 动词 (am/is/are/was/were)、情态动词 (can/could/must/should)、实义动词 (普通动词)，这是转换的核心依据。 3. 按规则变形：结合对应句式规则改写，同步调整人称、限定词（some/any）、名词单复数。 4. 通读查细节：检查语序、大小写、标点、动词形式、拼写，保证语义通顺。 （二）五大必考题型 题型 1：肯定句 → 否定句（最高频） 核心分类（按谓语动词划分） ① 句中有 be 动词（am/is/are/was/were） 规则：be 动词后直接加 not；some 改为 any（否定句不用 some）；人称按需微调。 缩写：is not=isn't ；are not=aren't ；was not=wasn't ；were not=weren't 例句：I was short. → I was not (wasn't) short. ② 句中有情态动词（can/could/must/should） 规则：情态动词后直接加 not，动词保持原形；some 改 any。 缩写：can not=can't ；could not=couldn't 例句：She can help others. → She can't help others. ③ 句中只有实义动词（无 be / 情态） · 一般现在时：主语三单 → 加 doesn't，动词变回原形；主语非三单 → 加 don't。 · 一般过去时：统一加 didn't，后面动词必须变回原形（本册最大易错点）。 例句 1（现三单）：He shares books. → He doesn't share books. 例句 2（过去式）：People lived here. → People didn't live here. 通用口诀：有 be 有情直接加 not，实义动词看时态，现用 don't/doesn't，过去统一用 didn't，动词一定要还原。 题型 2：陈述句 ↔ 一般疑问句 1. 陈述句变一般疑问句 ① 有 be / 情态动词：将 be / 情态动词提到句首，句末变问号；I↔you，my↔your，some↔any。 ② 只有实义动词：现在时句首加 Do/Does（三单用 Does），过去时加 Did；所有助动词后，动词变回原形。 例句 1：They were active. → Were they active? 例句 2：He reads books. → Does he read books? 例句 3：People used phones. → Did people use phones? 2. 一般疑问句回答 规则：答语只用 Yes/No + 主语 + 原句 be / 情态 / 助动词，前后一致，不能混搭。 例句：—Could you swim before? —Yes, I could. / No, I couldn't. 口诀：一提二改三问号，助动词出现，动词必还原。 题型 3：对划线部分提问（特殊疑问句，难点） 解题四步：一代、二移、三倒、四查 · 一代：用对应特殊疑问词替换划线部分（划线内容不能出现在答句中）； · 二移：疑问词放句首； · 三倒：剩余部分改成一般疑问语序（be / 情态提前，实义动词加助动词）； · 四查：人称、some/any、标点、动词形式。 本册高频疑问词对照表（必背） 划线内容 疑问词 例句 人 who She helps me. → Who helps you? 事物 / 动作 what I read books. → What do you do? 地点 where People lived in houses. → Where did people live? 时间（then/before） when I was short then. → When were you short? 数量（可数） how many There are three children. → How many children are there? 外貌 / 性格 what...like She is quiet. → What is she like? 补充：时态同步原则 —— 原句是过去时，问句也用过去时（加 did / 用 was/were/could）。 题型 4：单数句 ↔ 复数句（名词 + be 同步变化） 变化四要素：①a/an 去掉 ②名词变复数 ③is/was → are/were ④this/that → these/those。 例句：This child was quiet. → These children were quiet. 题型 5：时态改写（按要求改写为过去 / 现在时，单元 6 重点） ① 现在时改过去时： am/is→was；are→were；can→could；实义动词变过去式。 ② 过去时改现在时： was→am/is；were→are；could→can；实义动词变回原形（三单主语变三单形式）。 例句：Now I am tall.（现）→ Then I was short.（过） （三）全册通用易错点 · some & any：肯定句用 some，否定句、疑问句一律用 any，转换必改。 · 助动词后遗症：did/does/do 出现后，后面实义动词必须用原形，禁止用过去式、三单、ing。 · 人称转换：陈述句 I/we，问句统一改为 you；my/our 改为 your。 · be 动词搭配：单数主语用 is/was；复数主语用 are/were，主谓不能混乱。 · 不规则变形：child→children、life→lives、can→could、have→had，转换同步变化。 二、全册句型转换 考点汇总 1. 动词分类转换规则（核心） 谓语类型 变否定 变一般疑问 动词变化要求 be(am/is/are/was/were) be+not be 提前 动词无变化 情态 (can/could/should) 情态 + not 情态提前 动词保持原形 现三单实义动词 doesn't + 动原 Does + 主语 + 动原 三单→原形 现复数 / 一二人称 don't + 动原 Do + 主语 + 动原 保持原形 过去式实义动词 didn't + 动原 Did + 主语 + 动原 过去式→原形 2. 必变词汇（转换强制替换） · 肯定句 some → 否定 / 疑问句 any · 陈述句 I/we → 疑问句 you · 陈述句 my/our → 疑问句 your 3. 高频不规则变形（转换必考） · 名词：child → children ；life → lives ；story → stories · 动词：can → could ；have → had ；am/is → was ；are → were 4. 特殊疑问词速记 问人用 who，问物 / 动作用 what，问地点用 where，问外貌用 what...like，问时间用 when。 5. 单元考查侧重速览 U1：was/were/could 过去式转换 U2：can + 三单主谓一致转换 U3：非谓语 doing/to do + 名词复数转换 U4：一般过去时 + There be 转换（重中之重） U5：must/should 情态动词转换 U6：时态互换 + 形容词比较级转换（综合难点） 小试牛刀 一、按要求改写句子 1.I was short when I was young.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 2.She could swim five years ago.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） ___________________________________________________________ 3.They were active before.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） ___________________________________________________________ 4.That child was quiet.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 5.I love reading storybooks.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 6.There are some books on the desk.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 7.She wants to read a magazine.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 8.This story is funny.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 9.We finish reading books every night.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 10.These are interesting books.（改为单数句） ___________________________________________________________ 11.I like reading picture books.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 12.There is a magazine on the shelf.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 13.They begin to read after dinner.（主语改为 He，改写句子） ___________________________________________________________ 14.Reading is useful for us.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 15.I was tall then.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 16.We could ride bikes before.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 17.Now I am strong.（改为一般过去时，用 then 改写） ___________________________________________________________ 18.He was seven years old.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 19.Were you quiet when you were little?（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 20.There is a child in the room.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 21.Long ago, people lived in small houses.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 22.They had TVs many years ago.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 23.There were tall buildings long ago.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 24.People worked hard in the past.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 25.There was a small river here.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 26.She used fire to cook food.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） ___________________________________________________________ 27.We had no phones before.（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 28.People lived in the past.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 29.Did they work on the farm long ago?（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 30.Their life was simple long ago.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 31.You must think carefully.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 32.I can work out this problem.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） ___________________________________________________________ 33.He tries to solve difficult questions.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 34.This question is easy.（对划线部分提问，） ___________________________________________________________ 35.We should help each other.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 36.She thinks about finding answers.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 37.There are many problems on the paper.（改为单数句） ___________________________________________________________ 38.You can find the answer yourself.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 39.He has many questions to ask.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 40.Don’t give up.（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 41.I am taller than before.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 42.She could read then.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 43.I was short then.（改为现在时，用 now 改写） ___________________________________________________________ 44.This story is funnier than that one.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 45.My room is big now.（改为比较级句子，用 than） ___________________________________________________________ 46.Things are different now.（改为一般过去时，用 then 改写） ___________________________________________________________ 47.He is braver than me.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 48.Our classroom is clean.（改为比较级句子） ___________________________________________________________ 49.They were quiet then.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 50.Now I can swim well.（改为过去时，用 then 改写） ___________________________________________________________ 51.I like reading books.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 52.They lived here long ago.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 53.She can help me.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 54.There are some children in the park.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 55.I am happy now.（改为过去时，then） ___________________________________________________________ 56.This book is interesting.（改为复数句） ___________________________________________________________ 57.He often shares toys.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 58.People didn't use phones before.（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 59.You should work hard.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 60.I am shorter than him.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 61.Were you active before?（改为肯定句） ___________________________________________________________ 62.She wants to solve problems.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 63.Long ago, we were poor.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 64.Can they make a difference?（作否定回答） ___________________________________________________________ 65.The story is funnier.（原级改写） ___________________________________________________________ 66.Many children played games.（改为单数句） ___________________________________________________________ 67.We finish our homework every day.（主语改为 She） ___________________________________________________________ 68.There was a book on the desk.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 69.He could ride a bike then.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 70.Now our school is beautiful.（加 than 写比较级） ___________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1.答案：I wasn't short when I was young. 解析：原句含 be 动词was，变否定直接在其后加not，缩写为wasn't，其余内容不变。 2.答案：—Could she swim five years ago? —Yes, she could. 解析：句中有情态动词could，变一般疑问句直接将其提至句首；情态动词引导的疑问句，肯定回答格式：Yes, 主语 + could。 3.答案：—Were they active before? —No, they weren't. 解析：be 动词were提前构成一般疑问句；否定回答格式：No, 主语 + weren't。 4.答案：Those children were quiet. 解析：单数改复数：That→Those，child（单数）→children（不规则复数），was→were。 5.答案：What were you like then? 解析：划线部分tall是外貌，用What...like提问；陈述句I改为疑问句you，对应was改为were。 6.答案：We couldn't ride bikes before. 解析：情态动词could后加not，缩写couldn't，构成否定句。 7.答案：Then I was strong. 解析：now（现在）改为then（那时），时态变为一般过去时，am改为was。 8.答案：How old was he? 解析：划线部分seven years old是年龄，用疑问词组How old提问。 9.答案：You were quiet when you were little. 解析：一般疑问句改陈述句，将 be 动词were放回主语后，语序还原。 10.答案：There are many children in the room. 解析：单数改复数：is→are，a child→many children。 11.答案：I don't love reading storybooks. 解析：主语为第一人称，一般现在时变否定，加助动词don't；love doing固定搭配保持不变。 12.答案：Are there any books on the desk? 解析：There be 句型变疑问，be 动词are提前；肯定句some在疑问句中改为any。 13.答案：Does she want to read a magazine? 解析：主语she是第三人称单数，变疑问句首加Does，动词wants还原为原形want。 14.答案：These stories are funny. 解析：单数改复数：This→These，story→stories，is→are。 15.答案：We don't finish reading books every night. 解析：主语为复数，一般现在时否定加don't；finish doing固定结构不变。 16.答案：This is an interesting book. 解析：复数改单数：These→This，are→is，books→an interesting book。 17.答案：What do you like reading? 解析：划线部分picture books是物品，用What提问；I改为you，助动词用do。 18.答案：There isn't a magazine on the shelf. 解析：be 动词is后加not，缩写isn't，构成否定句。 19.答案：He begins to read after dinner. 解析：主语改为第三人称单数He，一般现在时中动词begin变为三单形式begins。 20.答案：Is reading useful for us? 解析：动名词作主语，be 动词is提至句首，构成一般疑问句。 21.答案：Long ago, people didn't live in small houses. 解析：long ago表一般过去时，实义动词变否定加didn't，动词过去式lived还原为原形live。 22.答案：Did they have TVs many years ago? 解析：一般过去时变疑问，句首加Did，不规则动词had还原为原形have。 23.答案：There weren't tall buildings long ago. 解析：There be 过去式句型，were后加not，缩写weren't。 24.答案：What did people do in the past? 解析：划线部分worked hard是动作，用What提问；过去时加did，worked还原为do。 25.答案：There were some small rivers here. 解析：单数改复数：was→were，a small river→some small rivers。 26.答案：—Did she use fire to cook food? —No, she didn't. 解析：过去时疑问句加Did，used还原为use；否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't。 27.答案：We had phones before. 解析：原句含否定词no，改为肯定句直接去掉no即可。 28.答案：Where did people live? 解析：划线部分in the past（地点状语），用Where提问；过去时加did，动词还原。 29.答案：They worked on the farm long ago. 解析：一般疑问句改陈述句，去掉助动词Did，主语前置，动词变回过去式worked。 30.答案：Their lives were simple long ago. 解析：单数改复数：life（单数）→lives（不规则复数），was→were。 31.答案：You mustn't think carefully. 解析：情态动词must变否定形式为mustn't（禁止 / 不必），后接动词原形。 32.答案：—Can you work out this problem? —Yes, I can. 解析：情态动词can提前构成疑问句；肯定回答：Yes, I can。 33.答案：He doesn't try to solve difficult questions. 解析：主语三单，一般现在时否定加doesn't，tries还原为原形try；try to do结构不变。 34.答案：How is this question? 解析：划线部分easy是形容词，描述事物特征，用How提问。 35.答案：Should we help each other? 解析：情态动词should直接提至句首，构成一般疑问句。 36.答案：Does she think about finding answers? 解析：主语三单，句首加Does，thinks还原为think；think about doing结构不变。 37.答案：There is a problem on the paper. 解析：复数改单数：are→is，many problems→a problem。 38.答案：You can't find the answer yourself. 解析：情态动词can后加not，缩写can't，构成否定句。 39.答案：What does he have? 解析：划线部分many questions是事物，用What提问；主语三单，助动词用does。 40.答案：Give up. 解析：否定祈使句Don't do改为肯定祈使句，直接使用动词原形。 41.答案：Are you taller than before? 解析：be 动词are提前；陈述句I改为疑问句you，比较级形式保持不变。 42.答案：She couldn't read then. 解析：情态动词could后加not，缩写couldn't。 43.答案：Now I am tall. 解析：then（过去）改为now（现在），was改为am，语义对应改写形容词。 44.答案：Is this story funnier than that one? 解析：be 动词is提至句首，形容词比较级funnier不作变化。 45.答案：My room is bigger than before. 解析：添加than构成比较句，形容词big变比较级bigger（双写 g+er）。 46.答案：Things were different then. 解析：now改为then，时态变为一般过去时，are改为were。 47.答案：How is he? 解析：划线部分braver than me描述人物特征，用How提问。 48.答案：Our classroom is cleaner. 解析：形容词clean变为比较级cleaner。 49.答案：They weren't quiet then. 解析：be 动词were后加not，缩写weren't。 50.答案：Then I couldn't swim well. 解析：now改为then，时态变过去时，can改为could，结合语义加否定。 51.答案：I don't like reading books. 解析：第一人称，一般现在时否定加don't；like doing固定搭配不变。 52.答案：Did they live here long ago? 解析：一般过去时，句首加Did，动词lived还原为原形live。 53.答案：She can't help me. 解析：can+not缩写can't，构成否定句。 54.答案：There aren't any children in the park. 解析：be 动词are+not缩写aren't；some在否定句中改为any。 55.答案：Then I was happy. 解析：now改then，一般现在时改为一般过去时，am变was。 56.答案：These books are interesting. 解析：单数改复数：This→These，book→books，is→are。 57.答案：Does he often share toys? 解析：主语三单，句首加Does，shares还原为share。 58.答案：People used phones before. 解析：否定句改肯定句，去掉didn't，动词还原为过去式used。 59.答案：Should you work hard? 解析：情态动词should提至句首，构成一般疑问句。 60.答案：I am not shorter than him. 解析：be 动词am后直接加not，比较级形式不变。 61.答案：I was active before. 解析：一般疑问句改陈述句，还原语序，you改为I。 62.答案：She doesn't want to solve problems. 解析：主语三单，否定加doesn't，wants还原为want。 63.答案：What were you like long ago? 解析：划线poor为外貌 / 特征，用What...like提问；we改为you，were对应变化。 64.答案：No, they can't. 解析：情态动词can引导的疑问句，否定回答固定格式：No, 主语 + can't。 65.答案：The story is funny. 解析：比较级funnier变回原级funny。 66.答案：A child played a game. 解析：复数改单数：Many children→A child，games→a game，动词保持过去式。 67.答案：She finishes her homework every day. 解析：主语改为三单She，一般现在时动词finish变为finishes。 68.答案：Was there a book on the desk? 解析：There be 过去式句型，was提至句首构成疑问句。 69.答案：What could he do then? 解析：划线ride a bike是动作，用What提问；情态动词could提前，实义动词用do。 70.答案：Now our school is more beautiful than before. 解析：添加than，多音节形容词beautiful变比较级more beautiful。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $