专题09 首字母填空（期末真题汇编，江苏专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语首字母填空专题汇编，精选江苏多地八年级下学期期末真题，涵盖志愿服务、环境保护、健康运动等8大主题共12篇短文，通过真实情境考查词汇运用与语篇理解，兼具基础巩固与素养提升价值。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |首字母填空|12篇短文，每篇10空|核心词汇（如take part in, far from）、固定搭配（如set up, instead of）及语境语法（时态、介词）|情境紧扣社会热点（如张桂梅办学、垃圾分类）、文化传承（王维诗歌、《鲁滨逊漂流记》选段），问题设计从单空词汇到语篇逻辑，梯度分明，适配期末综合能力考查需求。|

专题09 首字母填空 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1：1．take/ake 2．help/elp 3．read/ead 4．clean/lean 5．necessary/ecessary 6．from/rom 7．problems/roblems 8．lonely/onely 9．volunteer/olunteer 10．donate/onate Passage 2：1．(o)ver 2．(p)oorest 3．(s)upport 4．(r)ight 5．(c)hance 6．(s)et 7．(h)ard 8．(t)ouched 9． ( r)eturned 10．(p)roud Passage 3：1．organization/rganization 2．badly/adly 3．but/ut 4．cats’/ats’ 5．member/ember 6．interested/nterested 7．better/etter 8．well/ell 9．sleeps/leeps 10．before/efore 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1：1．(h)ome 2．(t)hrough 3．(r)each 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)roduce/(p)rovide 6．(S)adly 7．(c)ontinues 8．(s)preading 9．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 10．(w)here Passage 2：1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead Passage 3：1．(s)uccessful 2．(d)evelop 3．(h)uge 4．(r)esisted 5．(a)fford 6．(b)etter 7．(m)anage 8．(e)ven 9．(e)nvironment 10．(c)losely 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1：1．(i)mprove 2．(e)nough 3．(g)iven 4．(r)ose 5．(n)ecessary Passage 2：1．(a)cross 2．(b)ecause 3．(r)each 4．(w)eight 5．(p)roperly 6．(l)iving 7．(e)ven 8．(a)sked 9．(S)chools 10．(r)ules Passage 3：1．(t)ake 2．(m)ore 3．(s)omething 4．(h)ealthy 5．(p)ollute 6．(e)xercise 7．(g)reen 8．(b)usy 9．(m)eet 10．(b)ikes 主题04 人与社会——文学名著 Passage 1：1．(w)ritten 2．(h)igh 3．(b)eginning 4．(w)ater 5．(E)verything 6．(f)eel/(f)ind 7．(p)ass 8．(l)ove/(l)ike 9．(r)epresent 10．(c)ulture Passage 2：1．(p)lanned/(p)repared 2．(W)ith 3．(s)ure 4．(S)o 5．(f)eet 6．(o)nly 7．(p)icking 8．(c)ut 9．(h)im 10．(c)ame Passage 3：1．(c)aught 2．(s)trange 3．(m)yself 4．(p)assed 5．(l)and 6．(t)ree 7．(a)round 8．(h)ard 9．(s)illy/(s)tupid 10．(e)verything 主题01 人与社会——个人经历 Passage 1：1．(a)ge 2．(s)ad 3．(a)nyone/(a)nybody 4．(t)ired 5．(a)lways 6．(h)ow 7．(u)ntil 8．(w)rite 9．(e)xample 10．(t)aught Passage 2：1．(f)lew 2．(p)lane 3．(n)obody 4．(m)odern 5．(s)poke 6．(w)ay 7．(l)anguage 8．(a)nother 9．(w)hy 10．(b)elieve Passage 3：1．(l)ost 2．(e)xcitement 3．(b)eginning 4．(f)ind 5．(s)tarted 6．(a)lso 7．(s)uddenly 8．(m)oney 9．(s)mall 10．(w)ant 主题02 人与社会——教育 Passage 1：1．(o)wn 2．(h)istory 3．(W)hile 4．(l)earn 5．(s)ocial 6．(d)uring 7．(f)amilies 8．(c)loser 9．(p)laying 10．(w)ell Passage 2：1．(h)olidays 2．(d)epend 3．(e)njoyed/(e)xperienced 4．(W)hile/(W)hen 5．(l)earn 6．(w)atching 7．(t)eam/(t)eamwork 8．(s)eason/(s)easons 9．(f)amily/(f)amilies 10．(c)loser/(c)lose Passage 3：1．(t)erm 2．(s)urprised 3．(w)ell 4．(t)asted 5．(s)tories 6．(D)rinking 7．(d)iscussed 8．(w)ithout 9．(s)et 10．(a)chieve 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1：1．(g)reatest 2．(H)owever 3．(s)imple 4．(d)iscussion 5．(n)ecessary 6．(u)nderstood 7．(p)leasure 8．(a)gree 9．(w)hy 10．(g)old Passage 2：1．(r)esults 2．(i)mprove 3．(e)xplaining 4．(i)nstead 5．(s)plit 6．(u)ntil 7．(b)reak 8．(s)ubjects 9．(l)earned/(l)earnt 10．(e)nough Passage 3：1．effects/ffects 2．convenient/onvenient 3．through/hrough 4．imagine/magine 5．Although/lthough 6．choice/hoice 7．protect/rotect 8．share/hare 9．depends/epends 10．our/ur / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 首字母填空 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末)I think it wonderful to help others, so I would like to t 1 part in the activity this weekend. My neighbour Mr. Li needs our h 2 . He is 75 years old now and he is disabled. What’s worse, he is blind. Since he lives alone, it’s really difficult for him to take a walk and do some reading. So I plan to take him for a walk. I will chat with him and r 3 newspapers for him. I also plan to help c 4 his flat. It is n 5 for us to do something for the elderly, and we can also learn more about their lives. We know there are many left-behind (留守的) children now. Their parents work far away f 6 their hometowns. These children are facing many p 7 now. It is easy for them to feel l 8 and they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes. I think we should plan a v 9 project to help them. And we can d 10 our money and clothes to them. We should care more about them. And parents should return to see their children as often as possible. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·期末)On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京第二十九中学·期末)It’s not easy to advertise a thing everyone knows in a new way. But Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue, a volunteer o 1 in North America, makes it. It was named after a black cat, Pippi. She was a street cat and then found a loving family. But at one year old, Pippi was hit by a car and b 2 hurt. Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue then came into being (诞生). The organization runs not for money, b 3 for helping more street cats find a home. How does it do this? On its website, people can learn about the c 4 age, colour and other information. Kayla Delcour, a m 5 of the organization, had this idea when her family was thinking about buying a cat. This is really helpful. Lots of people become i 6 in these cats. Some people give money to help these cats live b 7 . A man from Canada came to take an old cat home from the organization. People give these cats a home, and the cats help make people happy as w 8 . A little girl gets a cat from the organization. She s 9 with it every night. This makes her feel safe and warm. A woman sees her cat as a good friend. The “friend” always walks behind her and makes her laugh. Do you want to take a cat from the organization? Well, b 10 doing it, you’d better learn more about how to keep a cat as a pet. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京玄武区·期末)Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京建邺区新城中学·期末) For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市区·期末)An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京六合区·期末) Spending time outdoors, especially in green spaces, is good for you! It is one of the fastest ways to i 1 your health and happiness. It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate, and bring better mood and mental (心理的) health, and even help you learn. Now, a new study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research adds to the evidence (证据) and shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside. Spending just 20 minutes in a park—even if you don’t exercise while you’re there—is e 2 for better well-being, according to the research. For the study, researchers surveyed (调查) 94 adults. They visited one of three parks near Birmingham. They were g 3 fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity. Each person also answered questions about their life satisfaction (满意) before and after their park visit. Their answers were used to calculate (计算) a well-being score. The average park visit lasted 32 minutes, and 30% of people took part in physical activity while there. Well-being scores r 4 during the park visit in 60% of people. Outdoor Physical activity was not n 5 for better well-being, the study authors found. For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change, says one of the study authors Hon Yuen. “Some people may go to the park and just enjoy nature,” Yuen says. “You relax and reduce stress, and then you feel happier.” Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州梅岭集团·期末)The Chinese government officially launched the “Weight Management Year” in 2025. As part of this effort, special “weight control clinics (体重管理门诊)” will open in hospitals a 1 the country. Over the past 40 years, China has experienced a great increase in obesity (肥胖症) cases, mainly b 2 people are generally eating more but exercising less. By 2021, over 400 million adults were overweight. According to a study in The Lancet, this number will r 3 to 630 million by 2050. Being overweight is bad for your health in many ways. It makes people more likely to get serious illnesses. When someone carries too much w 4 , their heart has to work harder every day. Doctors say that these health problems can shorten lives if not treated p 5 . Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have started special weight control clinics in hospitals to help people manage their weight safely. People l 6 in the countryside also need this kind of health support. However, many Chinese social media platforms show advertisements for different weight-loss products. Some of the advertisements e 7 sell dangerous “magic” diet pills that experts warn could be harmful. As a safer solution, China is now developing special medicine that can help reduce people’s desire (欲望) for food. The Chinese government is calling on different places to help people to stay healthy. Hotels are a 8 to do simple things like putting scales (体重秤) in every guest room to remind guests of their weight. S 9 must teach students about good eating habits. Some cities have made r 10 to keep unhealthy snacks away from school areas, so children won’t buy them easily. Businesses are also being encouraged to support these healthy lifestyle programs. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州宝应县·期末)More and more people like going bike riding in China these years. It is fun, healthy, and good for the environment. Bikes can t 1 you almost anywhere, and it’s green, though there are m 2 cars than bikes on the roads all over the world. Get on a bike and ride around your neighborhood. You may feel fun to find s 3 new around you. A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you h 4 . And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not p 5 the air. What’s more, bicycling can improve your mood (心情). Scientists say e 6 like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed. In many places, there are paths for bike riding, and people call it “g 7 path”. There are lots of trees on both sides of the road. On weekends, lots of parents take their children there. They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a b 8 week. It is also a great place for people to m 9 their family members or friends. So let’s ride b 10 more, and this will certainly give our children a better world in the future. 主题04 人与社会——文学名著 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通启东市·期末)After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air. Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer. Over crystal stones flows water clear. Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades. Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay. The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 1 by Wang Wei, a well- known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won very h 2 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”. When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. At the b 3 of this poem, Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing w 4 . Wang also shows the power of colors in the poem. E 5 described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色). These colors can create a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it easier for readers to imagine and f 6 the beauty of the landscape. In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may p 7 away, while the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he simply wants to show his l 8 of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷). By describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), and they also r 9 Chinese spirits nowadays. Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 10 . It is never too late to learn. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州邗江区·期末)I found Friday to be both a skilled worker and an able sailor. We had a tidy craft and plenty of practice. We p 1 to leave after the rainy season. Right at the end of the rainy season, we awoke to learn Friday’s enemies had returned. When I saw Friday’s face, I decided that this time we would not hide. W 2 guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was s 3 they would soon lose interest in the fight. S 4 I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation. A man lay upon the beach. His hands and f 5 were tied. He was a European and had clothes on. Now it was not o 6 Friday’s countrymen for whom I fought, but my own. Friday and I opened fire on the captors (劫持者). Friday proved the better shot. We shot many and wounded still more before p 7 up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach. I raced to the European, and Friday followed. He fired upon anybody who stood too close. I c 8 the ties that bound (绑) the man and asked h 9 in Portuguese (葡萄牙语), “What are you?” He answered in a whisper of Latin, “Christianus (基督徒).” I asked what country he c 10 from. “Espaniole (西班牙),” he said. —Taken from Robinson Crusoe Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末)One day when I was standing on the top of a hill, I saw land in the distance (远处). “Was it the mainland or an island?” I asked myself. Another day I c 1 a parrot and took it home with me. I called it Poll and I taught it to speak. The first word it learnt was its name. Then I taught it to say “Robinson”. It was s 2 to hear another voice after so many months. Poll was a very good company (陪伴) and almost never left my side. During the wet months I taught m 3 to make bowls for my food. Later I learnt how to make pots for cooking. Three years p 4 . I didn’t feel sad any more, but I often thought about escaping. Every time I went to the other side of the island, I looked at the l 5 in the distance. “What country is it?” I asked myself. I knew the dangers of trying to get there, but I wanted to try. I needed a boat, a big one. I looked for a big t 6 in the woods and cut it down. I worked on my boat every day for the next four months. It was beautiful when I finished it. I put a rope a 7 it and started pulling it towards the water. I pulled and pulled as h 8    as I could, but it didn’t move. It was much too heavy. “How s 9 you are, Robinson!” I said to myself. “You didn’t think about how to get the boat into the water.” I tried e 10 , but I couldn’t move it. In the end I had to leave it in the woods. —Adapted from Robinson Crusoe 主题01 人与社会——个人经历 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京鼓楼区·期末)When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my a 1 . We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the s 2 situation in her life, but my mother did. Mom found that Frances never invited a 3 into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very t 4 and pale. Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was a 5 hungry, and her clothes were often too small. One day, Mom asked me, “Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?” I agreed. From then on, I saw h 6 Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, u 7 we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We promised to w 8 to each other. Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances. It said, “I have used your mother’s e 9 as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has t 10 me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it’s always worth trying.” Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州·期末)The worst traveller in the world was Paul of San Francisco. Once he f 1 from the USA to his hometown in Italy to see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at an airport in New York. Paul thought he was in Rome. Believing this, he got off the p 2 . When n 3 was there to meet him, Paul thought maybe the heavy traffic made his friend late. While looking for his address, Paul found that Rome had changed a lot. He found many high m 4 buildings instead of old ones. He also found that many people s 5 English but not Italian and that those main street signs were written in English. So he asked a policeman in Italian the w 6 to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered in the same 1 7 . After twelve hours’ travelling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a 8 policeman. But this time, this policeman could only speak English. So Paul asked the policeman w 9 the Rome police had so many English-speaking police officers. When he was told so, Paul didn’t b 10 he was in New York. To get him on a plane to Italy, he was sent to the airport in a police car. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京外国语学校·期末)The last two months has been a roller coaster. I l 1 my job and my project, all of which I loved. Now, the sadness is still there, but meanwhile I feel huge e 2 over following a long-time dream of mine: writing a memoir (回忆录). In the margins (间隙) of time, while working full time, I worked slowly on the b 3 of a book: a name, an outline, and a title for the first chapter. I tried to f 4 some writing time. Sometimes I would write for a free half hour in the morning before everything s 5 . It’s true that I don’t have any income now and no one knows what will happen next. But it is a 6 a fact that I’m living my actual dream. Now I wake up with a feeling of thrill (兴奋) in my chest every day, and I think: I get to write today. Though all this happened s 7 , not up to my plan. I feel lucky that I have this life now. And yes, it’s a long road to publishing a book. Yes, I don’t know if I’ll ever make m 8 from this. As I write, I read Martha Beck’s book. In a section called “The Power of One-Degree Turns (转向)”, she writes. “Positive changes happen more quickly when we do it in s 9 steps, not in great leaps (跳跃). Every day, you make many tiny decisions about your time, every one of which is a chance to turn towards the life you really w 10 .” Looking back, I see that all my writing in the margins of time was my way of making steps to this dream. I can’t wait to continue working on this and, eventually, share it with the world. 主题02 人与社会——教育 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹徒区·期末) In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public holidays. But now, thanks to a government action plan introduced in March, many schools are adding extra days off. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools could add spring and autumn breaks for students according to their o 1 needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring break in March. They learnt about h 2 and science at sites like the Museum of Dr Sun Yat-sen, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and Zhuhai Aerospace Land. “W 3 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out enjoying ourselves,” one of the students told Xinhua. Yin Xianwen, Party chief of the school, sees it as a great way to l 4 . “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature, visiting historical sites is a history lesson, and traveling together is a lesson in s 5 skills,” Yin told People’s Daily. “It offers students the chance to get the most precious (珍贵的) growth experiences d 6 the most beautiful season.” Also, students can enjoy their spring break with f 7 . It can help bring families much c 8 to each other and reduce stress in studying, said Xinhua. However, there are some challenges (挑战). Not all parents can take time off when their kids do, so some children may end up staying home and p 9 on their phones. Schools also need to find a way to fit all their lessons into the new schedule (课程表). To make these breaks work w 10 , the government, schools, parents and communities need to work together, noted People’s Daily. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州高邮市·期末)A government action works—many schools in China are adding more h 1 now. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools can have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students, but it should d 2 on their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School e 3 a five-day spring break this March. They looked into history and science at the museums. “W 4 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out exploring the real world,” said one of the students. Yin Xianwen, head of the school, sees it as a good way for the students to l 5 about the world. “Visiting historical places is a history lesson, w 6 plants grow is a lesson in biology and travelling together is a lesson in t 7 skills,” Yin said. “It offers students the chance to get the most useful growth experiences during the most beautiful s 8 .” Also, students can enjoy the breaks with f 9 . Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c 10 and reduce stress (压力) in studying. The government, schools, families and communities are working together to make the breaks work well. They aren’t just for fun. They can help students become well-rounded learners. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通海安市·期末)Fan Liyun is a Chinese teacher. She works at the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) at a university in Hungary. This spring t 1 , more students are taking the institute’s courses. Fan was not very much s 2 by this. Last year, she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was w 3 received by students. Fan and her students got together once a week for class. They made and t 4 different types of Chinese tea. Fan taught the students how to perform the tea ceremony. She also shared tea-related s 5 with them. “It was a great experience,” said Flora, one of Fan’s students, “D 6 tea helped me calm my mind!” “The tea culture is very inclusive,” said Fan. “We d 7 many topics in class, such as history and philosophy (哲学). For example, tea usually tastes a little bitter at first, but you can feel the sweetness in the aftertaste. Just like life, there is no sweetness w 8 hard work.” In the future, Fan hopes to s 9 up a tea culture experience centre at the institute. She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture. “Sometimes a shared experience can be a way to a 10 better cultural exchange,” she said. “One good example is having a cup of tea together.” 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通如皋市·期末) William Shakespeare was born more than 450 years ago. He is widely thought to be one of the g 1 writers in history. Even today, his plays and poems are still inspiring many artists around the world. H 2 , his language is very old-fashioned. Words and sentences in his works are not s 3 enough for us to follow, because his time was so different from ours. This big difference has started an important d 4 : To update (更新) or not to update Shakespeare? Some people think updating Shakespeare is n 5 . They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be u 6 by most people today? So many talented modern writers have rewritten Shakespeare’s plays in the way people speak today. This makes them clearer for today’s readers. At the same time, readers would still get as much p 7 from the plays. But other people don’t a 8 with them. They think Shakespeare’s works are beautiful and will never be out of date. His special way of using words makes the stories more interesting. The richness of the language and the playful use of words should be celebrated. There are good reasons w 9 the plays are still being performed today. Many of Shakespeare’s expressions are still used, for example, “All that glitters (发光) isn’t g 10 .” His works tell us what it means to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship are always important, no matter which century we live in. So, what’s your opinion? Should we update Shakespeare’s works to make them easier, or keep them original to respect his genius? Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通市区·期末) Doing well in school is about more than just spending long hours with your books—it’s about studying in the right way. Many students work hard but don’t always get the r 1 they want because they depend on poor ways like last-minute cramming (死记硬背)or passive reading. The good news is that by using smarter and easier study skills, you can i 2 your understanding ability, remember information longer, and reduce stress. Here are some ways to make your study time more productive. One of the most important habits is active learning. When you study, try e 3 new ideas in your own words, asking yourself questions, or even teaching the topic to a friend. This gets your brain to process information deeply. Then it is easier to remember it later. Another helpful way is taking notes carefully. I 4 of writing down everything your teacher says, focus on key ideas and use ways like the Cornell note-taking system (康奈尔笔记法). It advises students to s 5 the page into three parts: main points, supporting details and a conclusion part. This makes reviewing much easier. Managing your time wisely is another important skill. You’d better not get started u 6 the night before tests. Study a little each day using the Pomodoro way: study for 25-30 minutes, and then take a 5-minute b 7 to get fresh. This keeps your mind fresh and helps you stay focused. Practice is also necessary, especially for s 8 like math and science. You cannot just memorize formulas (公式), you should use what you’ve l 9 to solve different problems. Self-testing with flashcards or past exam questions is another great way to check your understanding and make you remember things better. Finally, don’t forget that your physical and mental health influence your learning. Getting e 10 sleep, eating well, and staying active all help your brain work at its best. If you’re tired or distracted, even the best study ways won’t work as well. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港开发区·期末)Modern technology is changing the world quickly. It has brought great e 1 on both our study and daily life. With science and technology, travelling and communicating have become much more c 2 . People can keep in touch with friends and relatives easily t 3 phones and the Internet, no matter how far away they are. So it is really difficult to i 4 life without all these modern tools. A 5 technology makes life easier, we must learn to use it wisely. There are many ways to relax and study online, so we should make a wise c 6 to avoid wasting too much time on meaningless things. Also, we must p 7 ourselves from harmful websites. What’s more, we should spend enough time with our family. It is important to s 8 our ideas and feelings with each other to make a better relationship. In a word, technology itself is not a problem. It d 9 on how we use it. If we use modern technology in a right way, we will certainly make o 10 life better and more colourful. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 首字母填空 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末)I think it wonderful to help others, so I would like to t 1 part in the activity this weekend. My neighbour Mr. Li needs our h 2 . He is 75 years old now and he is disabled. What’s worse, he is blind. Since he lives alone, it’s really difficult for him to take a walk and do some reading. So I plan to take him for a walk. I will chat with him and r 3 newspapers for him. I also plan to help c 4 his flat. It is n 5 for us to do something for the elderly, and we can also learn more about their lives. We know there are many left-behind (留守的) children now. Their parents work far away f 6 their hometowns. These children are facing many p 7 now. It is easy for them to feel l 8 and they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes. I think we should plan a v 9 project to help them. And we can d 10 our money and clothes to them. We should care more about them. And parents should return to see their children as often as possible. 【答案】 1．take/ake 2．help/elp 3．read/ead 4．clean/lean 5．necessary/ecessary 6．from/rom 7．problems/roblems 8．lonely/onely 9．volunteer/olunteer 10．donate/onate 【导语】本文通过描述作者想要帮助邻居老人和留守儿童的行为，倡导大家积极参与志愿活动，关心和帮助身边需要帮助的人。 【详解】1．句意：我认为帮助别人很棒，所以我想参加这个周末的活动。该处需一个动词，在句中与“part in”构成固定短语，表达“参加”的意思。结合首字母“t”，应填take，take part in为固定搭配，表示“参加”，to后接动词原形。 2．句意：我的邻居李先生需要我们的帮助。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“needs”的宾语，根据后文对李先生情况的描述，可知他需要帮助。结合首字母“h”，应填help，表示“帮助”。 3．句意：我会和他聊天，为他读报纸。该处需一个动词，在句中与“newspapers”构成动宾关系，表示“读报纸”的意思。结合首字母“r”，应填read，表示“阅读”，will后接动词原形。 4．句意：我还计划帮他打扫公寓。该处需一个动词，在句中与“his flat”构成动宾关系，表示“打扫公寓”的意思。结合首字母“c”，应填clean，表示“打扫”，help do sth“帮助做某事”，所以填动词原形。 5．句意：我们有必要为老年人做点什么。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语，描述为老年人做事的必要性。结合首字母“n”，应填necessary，表示“必要的”。 6．句意：他们的父母远离家乡工作。该处需一个介词，与“far away”构成固定短语，表示“远离”的意思。结合首字母“f”，应填from，far away from为固定搭配，表示“远离”。 7．句意：这些孩子现在面临许多问题。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“facing”的宾语，根据后文描述孩子们的情况，可知他们面临问题。结合首字母“p”，应填problems，表示“问题”，复数名词表泛指。 8．句意：他们很容易感到孤独，有时他们也很难和别人交朋友。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语，描述孩子们的感受。根据后文“they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes”可知他们交朋友有困难，所以容易感到孤独。结合首字母“l”，应填lonely，表示“孤独的”。 9．句意：我认为我们应该计划一个志愿项目来帮助他们。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“project”，根据后文描述帮助留守儿童的行为，可知这是一个志愿项目。结合首字母“v”，应填volunteer，表示“志愿的”。 10．句意：我们可以捐钱和衣服给他们。该处需一个动词，在句中与“our money and clothes”构成动宾关系，表示“捐钱和衣服”的意思。结合首字母“d”，应填donate，表示“捐赠”。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·期末)On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” 【答案】 1．(o)ver 2．(p)oorest 3．(s)upport 4．(r)ight 5．(c)hance 6．(s)et 7．(h)ard 8．(t)ouched 9． ( r)eturned 10．(p)roud 【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫张桂梅的校长，她在云南华坪创办了一所免费的女子高中。在过去十四年里，这所学校帮助了2000多名贫困女孩进入大学，改变了她们的命运。 1．句意：然而，在过去的14年里，它通过将2000多名贫困女孩送入大学，改变了她们的未来。根据“the past fourteen years”可知，此处用“over the past+时间段”的结构，表示“在过去的多长时间里”。故填(o)ver。 2．句意：大约20年前，她开始在中国最贫穷的地区之一华坪教书。根据“over 2,000 poor girls”可知，她在一个贫穷的地区教书，poor“贫穷的”，根据“one of China’s”可知此处用形容词最高级，故填(p)oorest。   3．句意：后来，张了解到她们被迫工作或结婚以支持家庭。根据“Zhang learned they were made to work or get married”可知，很多女孩辍学是因为被迫工作或结婚，目的是支持家庭，support“支持”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形，故填(s)upport。 4．句意：每个孩子都有接受教育的权利。根据“Every child has the...to receive education”可知，每个孩子都有接受教育的权利，right“权利”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(r)ight。 5．句意：然而，这些可怜的女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会。根据“However, these poor girls don’t even have a...to stand on the starting line”可知，这些女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会，chance“机会，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(c)hance。 6．句意：终于在2008年，她创办了中国第一所也是唯一一所免费女子公立高中。根据“up China’s first and only free public high school for girls”可知，创办了学校，set up“创办”，根据“in 2008”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)et。 7．句意：经过多年的艰苦工作，她的健康状况很差，但在她看来，学校和学生更重要。根据“After years of...work, she is in poor health”可知，多年的艰苦工作，让她的健康状况很差，hard“艰苦的，形容词，修饰名词work，故填(h)ard。 8．句意：张的故事深深地感动了全中国人民，并激励了许多人追随她的脚步。根据“Zhang’s story has deeply...people all over China”可知，她的故事感动了全中国人民，touch“感动'”，此处用现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填(t)ouched。 9．句意：大学毕业后，她立即回到学校教书。根据“to the school to teach at once after college”可知大学毕业后她回到了学校，return“返回”，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eturned。 10．句意：我很自豪我能尽自己的一份力。根据“I can do my part”可知，能尽自己的一份力感到很自豪，proud“自豪的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)roud。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京第二十九中学·期末)It’s not easy to advertise a thing everyone knows in a new way. But Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue, a volunteer o 1 in North America, makes it. It was named after a black cat, Pippi. She was a street cat and then found a loving family. But at one year old, Pippi was hit by a car and b 2 hurt. Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue then came into being (诞生). The organization runs not for money, b 3 for helping more street cats find a home. How does it do this? On its website, people can learn about the c 4 age, colour and other information. Kayla Delcour, a m 5 of the organization, had this idea when her family was thinking about buying a cat. This is really helpful. Lots of people become i 6 in these cats. Some people give money to help these cats live b 7 . A man from Canada came to take an old cat home from the organization. People give these cats a home, and the cats help make people happy as w 8 . A little girl gets a cat from the organization. She s 9 with it every night. This makes her feel safe and warm. A woman sees her cat as a good friend. The “friend” always walks behind her and makes her laugh. Do you want to take a cat from the organization? Well, b 10 doing it, you’d better learn more about how to keep a cat as a pet. 【答案】 1．organization/rganization 2．badly/adly 3．but/ut 4．cats’/ats’ 5．member/ember 6．interested/nterested 7．better/etter 8．well/ell 9．sleeps/leeps 10．before/efore 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了北美的一家猫咪救助组织“Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue”的创立背景、运作方式，以及它如何帮助流浪猫找到新家，同时给人们带来温暖与陪伴。 【详解】1．句意：但Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue，北美的一个志愿者组织，做到了这件事。根据后文的“The organization runs...”，首字母o提示，填organization。 2．句意：但在一岁时，Pippi被车撞了，严重地受伤。badly hurt表示“严重受伤”，副词badly修饰动词hurt，首字母b提示，填badly。 3．句意：该组织的运作不是为了钱，而是为了帮助更多流浪猫找到家。“not... but...”表示“不是……而是……”，首字母b提示，填but。 4．句意：在它的网站上，人们可以了解这些猫咪的年龄、毛色和其他信息。此处需名词所有格修饰后面的名词，指代“猫咪们的”，首字母c提示，填cats’。 5．句意：Kayla Delcour，该组织的一名成员，在家人考虑养猫时萌生了这个想法。“a member of”表示“……的一员”，首字母m提示，填member。 6．句意：很多人对这些猫产生了兴趣。“become interested in”表示“对……感兴趣”，首字母i提示，填interested。 7．句意：一些人捐钱来帮助这些猫生活得更好。结合语境，捐钱的目的是改善猫咪的生活，用比较级better表示“更好地”，首字母b提示，填better。 8．句意：人们给这些猫一个家，而这些猫也帮助人们变得快乐。固定短语“as well”表示“也，同样”，首字母w提示，填well。 9．句意：她每天晚上都和它一起睡觉。主语she是第三人称单数，结合时间状语every night，用一般现在时sleeps。 10．句意：在你领养它之前，你最好多了解一些如何养猫的知识。此处表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句，首字母b提示，填before。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京玄武区·期末)Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. 【答案】 1．(h)ome 2．(t)hrough 3．(r)each 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)roduce/(p)rovide 6．(S)adly 7．(c)ontinues 8．(s)preading 9．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 10．(w)here 【导语】本文主要介绍了6月22日——世界雨林日。 【详解】1．句意：热带雨林仅占地球表面积的 6%，但却是世界上超过一半动植物的家园。根据“to over half of all the world’s plants and animals”及首字母提示可知，此处表达热带雨林是世界上超过一半动植物的家园，home“家”符合，故填(h)ome。 2．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，walk through“走过；穿过”，表示走过雨林。故填(t)hrough。 3．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，此处表示“树木向天空延伸/生长”，reach “到达，抵达”符合。故填(r)each。 4．句意：这些地方不仅美丽，而且重要。根据“They’re often called the ‘lungs of the Earth’ because they suck in carbon dioxide”及首字母提示可知，雨林很重要，important“重要的”符合。故填(i)mportant。 5．句意：它们通常被称为 “地球的肺”，因为它们吸收二氧化碳并产生/提供我们所有人生存所需的氧气。根据“oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live”可知是产生/提供氧气，produce“产生”/provide“提供”符合，句子为一般现在时，主语they为复数，动词用原形。故填(p)roduce/(p)rovide。 6．句意：遗憾的是，这些热带雨林正面临着巨大的麻烦。根据“these rainforests are in big trouble”可知，热带雨林面临麻烦是令人感到遗憾的事情，sadly“令人遗憾地”符合。故填(S)adly。 7．句意：如果这种情况继续下去，许多令人惊叹的动植物将会消失。根据“many amazing plants and animals will disappear”可知，如果这种情况继续下去，许多动植物会消失，continue“继续”，主语this为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(c)ontinues。 8．句意：此外，向我们的朋友和家人传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息也很有帮助。根据“the word to our friends and family about…”可知，此处表达传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息，spread“传播”，动名词作主语。故填(s)preading。 9．句意：关于热带雨林的有趣科学项目可以由学校组织，比如在罐子里制作一个迷你热带雨林。根据“Fun science projects about rainforests might be…by schools”可知是由学校组织科学项目，organize/organise“组织”符合，此处为被动语态，空处用过去分词。故填(o)rganized/(o)rganised。 10．句意：这些情况下，你可以亲自动手，帮助种植新的森林。分析句子结构可知，此处为where引导的定语从句，表示“这些活动是可以亲自上手种树的场合”。故填(w)here。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京建邺区新城中学·期末) For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】 1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 【详解】1．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 2．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 3．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 4．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 5．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 7．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 8．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 9．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 10．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市区·期末)An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. 【答案】 1．(s)uccessful 2．(d)evelop 3．(h)uge 4．(r)esisted 5．(a)fford 6．(b)etter 7．(m)anage 8．(e)ven 9．(e)nvironment 10．(c)losely 【导语】本文主要讲述了上海垃圾分类工作效果显著，政府通过志愿者宣传，升级设施和应用技术，居民从抵触转向积极参与，并形成习惯。政府还通过积分奖励和校园推广助力全国2025年全面实施垃圾分类。 1．句意：在他的回复中，他表示很高兴得知，在过去几年的宣传推广之后，志愿者社区的垃圾分类工作取得了非常显著的成效。根据“he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity…”及首字母提示可知，他很高兴看到这几年宣传推广后的结果，可推测应是指志愿者的工作非常“成功”，应用形容词successful作表语。故填(s)uccessful。 2．句意：他还希望更多的人能够养成垃圾分类的习惯。根据前文描述通过这几年的宣传垃圾分类效果显著、“They help with garbage sorting”及结合首字母提示可知，此处指“养成”垃圾分类的习惯，动词develop“发展，养成”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(d)evelop。 3．句意：近年来，这座城市发生了巨大的变化。根据“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，此处应指这座城市发生了“巨大的”变化，应用形容词huge“巨大的”作定语修饰名词change“改变”。故填(h)uge。 4．句意：过去人们曾抵制垃圾分类，但现在他们却积极投身于这项活动中。根据后句的转折“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，可推测之前人们应是“抵制”垃圾分类，动词resist“抵制，抵抗”符合，且该句描述的过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，应用其对应的动词过去式作谓语。故填(r)esisted。 5．句意：这能够帮助那些在一些贫困地区买不起衣服的人们。根据“People put in old clothes they don’t want.”及首字母提示可知，人们可以将不想要的衣服投入回收机器中，此处应指这个举动可以将衣服给贫困地区“买不起”衣服的人们，动词afford“负担，买得起”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(a)fford。 6．句意：对垃圾进行分类是让社区变得更美好的一种方式。结合语境及前文，文章提到了上海这座城市之前人们对垃圾分类的抵触到之后积极投身垃圾分类的活动中，并在垃圾分类方面效果显著且发生了巨大的变化，再结合首字母提示可知，此处应指这是垃圾分类使社区变得(与之前相比)“更好的”一种方式，应用形容词good的比较级better“更好的”作定语修饰place。故填(b)etter。 7．句意：此外，如果人们能够将垃圾正确地投放到相应的垃圾桶中，他们就能在支付宝上获得积分。根据“‘The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,’ said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of ‘persuasion’”及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了正确的垃圾分类的奖励机制，此处应用动词manage与之构成动词短语，“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做某事”，且该句时态为一般现在时，从句主语they为第三人称复数形式，应用其动词原形作从句中的谓语。故填(m)anage。 8．句意：我和我的同学们甚至还制作了一个动画来帮助人们理解。分析句子结构、根据“16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting.”及首字母提示可知，前句介绍了志愿者们制作了关于垃圾分类的海报和文章，且该句结构完整，此处应用副词even强调提及的事物或情况超出了常规或预期，用于加强语气。故填(e)ven。 9．句意：在观察了这些情况之后，他们明白了垃圾分类对于环境有多么重要。根据常识及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了垃圾分类对“环境”的影响，应用名词environment与之搭配。故填(e)nvironment。 10．句意：在未来，该社区将举办更多的活动，并与当地学校密切合作。分析句子结构及首字母提示可知，此处应指将来社区将会和当地学校“密切合作”，且该句结构完整，应用副词closely与之搭配，用于描述不同情境下的紧密关系或细致程度。故填(c)losely。 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京六合区·期末) Spending time outdoors, especially in green spaces, is good for you! It is one of the fastest ways to i 1 your health and happiness. It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate, and bring better mood and mental (心理的) health, and even help you learn. Now, a new study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research adds to the evidence (证据) and shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside. Spending just 20 minutes in a park—even if you don’t exercise while you’re there—is e 2 for better well-being, according to the research. For the study, researchers surveyed (调查) 94 adults. They visited one of three parks near Birmingham. They were g 3 fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity. Each person also answered questions about their life satisfaction (满意) before and after their park visit. Their answers were used to calculate (计算) a well-being score. The average park visit lasted 32 minutes, and 30% of people took part in physical activity while there. Well-being scores r 4 during the park visit in 60% of people. Outdoor Physical activity was not n 5 for better well-being, the study authors found. For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change, says one of the study authors Hon Yuen. “Some people may go to the park and just enjoy nature,” Yuen says. “You relax and reduce stress, and then you feel happier.” 【答案】1．(i)mprove 2．(e)nough 3．(g)iven 4．(r)ose 5．(n)ecessary 【导语】本文主要讲述了户外活动（尤其是绿地活动）对健康和幸福感的快速提升作用，以及一项关于公园停留时间与幸福感关系的新研究结果。 1．句意：这是快速提升健康和幸福感的最快方式之一。根据下文“It’s been shown to lower stress, blood pressure (血压) and heart rate”并结合首字母提示可知，可以降低压力、血压和心率，应是可以提升健康，improve“提升”符合，根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(i)mprove。 2．句意：根据这项研究，在公园里待上20分钟——即使你在公园里不运动——也足以让你更健康。根据上文“shows just how little time it takes to get the benefits of being outside”并结合首字母提示可知，获得户外活动的好处只需要很短的时间，所以在公园里待上20分钟——即使你在公园里不运动——也足以让你更健康，enough“足够的”符合。故填(e)nough。 3．句意：研究人员给他们发了健身追踪器来测量他们的身体活动。根据“They were …fitness trackers (跟踪器) to measure physical activity.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处研究人员给他们发了健身追踪器，give“给”，此处用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(g)iven。 4．句意：60%的人在参观公园期间幸福感得分上升。根据“Well-being scores”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指得分上升，rise“上升”，句子时态为一般过去时，应填rose。故填(r)ose。 5．句意：该研究的作者发现，户外体育活动并非幸福感提升的必要条件。根据下文“For many people in the study, simply being in green space seemed to have caused a change”并结合首字母提示可知，无需运动也能提升幸福感，所以户外体育活动并非幸福感提升的必要条件，necessary“有必要的”符合。故填(n)ecessary。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州梅岭集团·期末)The Chinese government officially launched the “Weight Management Year” in 2025. As part of this effort, special “weight control clinics (体重管理门诊)” will open in hospitals a 1 the country. Over the past 40 years, China has experienced a great increase in obesity (肥胖症) cases, mainly b 2 people are generally eating more but exercising less. By 2021, over 400 million adults were overweight. According to a study in The Lancet, this number will r 3 to 630 million by 2050. Being overweight is bad for your health in many ways. It makes people more likely to get serious illnesses. When someone carries too much w 4 , their heart has to work harder every day. Doctors say that these health problems can shorten lives if not treated p 5 . Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have started special weight control clinics in hospitals to help people manage their weight safely. People l 6 in the countryside also need this kind of health support. However, many Chinese social media platforms show advertisements for different weight-loss products. Some of the advertisements e 7 sell dangerous “magic” diet pills that experts warn could be harmful. As a safer solution, China is now developing special medicine that can help reduce people’s desire (欲望) for food. The Chinese government is calling on different places to help people to stay healthy. Hotels are a 8 to do simple things like putting scales (体重秤) in every guest room to remind guests of their weight. S 9 must teach students about good eating habits. Some cities have made r 10 to keep unhealthy snacks away from school areas, so children won’t buy them easily. Businesses are also being encouraged to support these healthy lifestyle programs. 【答案】 1．(a)cross 2．(b)ecause 3．(r)each 4．(w)eight 5．(p)roperly 6．(l)iving 7．(e)ven 8．(a)sked 9．(S)chools 10．(r)ules 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国提出的体重控制计划，包括设立体重管理门诊、肥胖问题的现状及其对健康的影响，以及政府和社会各界的应对措施。 1．句意：作为这项努力的一部分，专门的“体重控制诊所”将在全国各地的医院开设。根据“the country.”以及首字母提示，across the country表示“遍及全国”，是常见短语，符合语境。故填(a)cross。 2．句意：在过去的40年里，中国的肥胖病例大幅增加，主要是因为人们普遍吃得多，锻炼得少。根据“people are generally eating more but exercising less”以及首字母提示，此处用because引导原因状语从句，解释肥胖率上升的主因。故填(b)ecause。 3．句意：根据《柳叶刀》杂志的一项研究，到2050年，这一数字将达到6.3亿。根据“to 630 million by 2050.”以及首字母提示，此处表示数字将达到6.3亿，reach表示“抵达”，will接动词原形。故填 (r)each。 4．句意：当一个人体重过重时，他们的心脏每天必须更努力地工作。根据“When someone carries too much”以及首字母提示，此处指体重，weight 指“体重”，此处泛指体重，不可数名词。故填(w)eight。 5．句意：如果不及时妥善治疗，这些健康问题可能会缩短寿命。根据“Doctors say that these health problems can shorten lives if not treated”以及首字母提示，此处指适当的治疗，properly修饰动词“treated”，表示“适当地治疗”。故填(p)roperly。 6．句意：住在农村的人也需要这种健康支持。根据“in the countryside”以及首字母提示，此处指住在乡下的人，living与“in the countryside”搭配，构成后置定语修饰“people”。故填(l)iving。 7．句意：一些广告甚至出售危险的“神奇”减肥药。根据“sell dangerous ‘magic’ diet pills that experts warn could be harmful.”以及首字母提示，用even强调程度，表示“甚至”，用来描述广告的夸大性。故填(e)ven。 8．句意：酒店被要求做一些简单的事情，比如在每个客房放置体重秤。根据“to do simple things like putting scales (体重秤) in every guest room to remind guests of their weight”以及首字母提示，表示“被要求”，asked与“are”构成被动语态，故填(a)sked。 9．句意：学校必须向学生传授良好的饮食习惯。根据“must teach students about good eating habits”以及首字母提示，此处指学校，Schools呼应后文“students”，故填(S)chools。 10．句意：一些城市已制定规定，将不健康零食远离学校区域。根据“o keep unhealthy snacks away from school areas”以及首字母提示，此处指制定规则，rules表示“规定”，与“made”搭配合理。故填 (r)ules。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州宝应县·期末)More and more people like going bike riding in China these years. It is fun, healthy, and good for the environment. Bikes can t 1 you almost anywhere, and it’s green, though there are m 2 cars than bikes on the roads all over the world. Get on a bike and ride around your neighborhood. You may feel fun to find s 3 new around you. A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you h 4 . And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not p 5 the air. What’s more, bicycling can improve your mood (心情). Scientists say e 6 like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed. In many places, there are paths for bike riding, and people call it “g 7 path”. There are lots of trees on both sides of the road. On weekends, lots of parents take their children there. They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a b 8 week. It is also a great place for people to m 9 their family members or friends. So let’s ride b 10 more, and this will certainly give our children a better world in the future. 【答案】 1．(t)ake 2．(m)ore 3．(s)omething 4．(h)ealthy 5．(p)ollute 6．(e)xercise 7．(g)reen 8．(b)usy 9．(m)eet 10．(b)ikes 【导语】本文介绍了近年来越来越多的人喜欢骑自行车的原因及其好处。 1．句意：自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，而且它是环保的，尽管在世界各地的道路上汽车比自行车多。根据“Bikes can...you almost anywhere”可知，此处表达自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，take“带去”符合句意，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填(t)ake。 2．句意：自行车几乎可以带你去任何地方，而且它是环保的，尽管在世界各地的道路上汽车比自行车多。根据“cars than bikes”可知，此处表达汽车比自行车多，应用比较级形式，many“多的”符合句意，变为比较级more“更多的”。故填(m)ore。 3．句意：你可能会觉得在你周围发现一些新事物很有趣。根据“You may feel fun to find...new around you”可知，此处表达一些新事物，something“一些事物”符合句意。故填(s)omething。 4．句意：每周骑三次15分钟的自行车可以让你保持健康。根据“A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make you...”可知，此处表达让你保持健康，healthy“健康的”符合句意，make+形容词表示“使……”。故填(h)ealthy。 5．句意：它不会污染空气。根据“And it’s helpful for our environment. It will not...the air”可知，此处表达污染空气，pollute“污染”符合句意，情态动词will后跟动词原形。故填(p)ollute。 6．句意：科学家说，像骑自行车这样的运动能让人感觉更好、更放松。根据“Scientists say...like bicycling can make people feel better and more relaxed”可知，此处表达像骑自行车这样的运动，exercise“运动”符合句意。故填(e)xercise。 7．句意：在许多地方，有专门的自行车道，人们称之为“绿色通道”。根据“...path”可知，此处表达“绿色通道”，green“绿色的”符合句意，修饰名词path。故填(g)reen。 8．句意：他们希望孩子们在忙碌的一周后能好好休息，做些运动。根据“They hope their children can have a good rest and do some sports after a...week”可知，此处表达在忙碌的一周后，busy“忙碌的”符合句意，形容词修饰名词week。故填(b)usy。 9．句意：这也是人们与家人或朋友见面的好地方。根据“It is also a great place for people to...their family members or friends”可知，此处表达见面的好地方，meet“见面”符合句意，动词不定式，to后跟动词原形。故填(m)eet。 10．句意：所以让我们多骑自行车，这一定会给我们的孩子一个更美好的未来世界。根据“So let’s ride...more”可知，此处表达所以让我们多骑自行车，ride bike“骑自行车”，此处用其复数形式bikes表示泛指。故填(b)ikes。 主题04 人与社会——文学名著 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通启东市·期末)After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air. Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer. Over crystal stones flows water clear. Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades. Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay. The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 1 by Wang Wei, a well- known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won very h 2 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”. When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. At the b 3 of this poem, Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing w 4 . Wang also shows the power of colors in the poem. E 5 described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色). These colors can create a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it easier for readers to imagine and f 6 the beauty of the landscape. In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may p 7 away, while the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he simply wants to show his l 8 of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷). By describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), and they also r 9 Chinese spirits nowadays. Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 10 . It is never too late to learn. 【答案】 1．(w)ritten 2．(h)igh 3．(b)eginning 4．(w)ater 5．(E)verything 6．(f)eel/(f)ind 7．(p)ass 8．(l)ove/(l)ike 9．(r)epresent 10．(c)ulture 【导语】本文围绕王维的《山居秋暝》展开，介绍了这首诗的作者王维，赏析了诗歌中如作画般细腻的景物描写、色彩运用，探讨了诗歌所表达出王维对宁静和谐生活的喜爱以及对朝廷腐败的厌恶，还提及诗中意象所代表的精神以及唐诗作为中国传统文化瑰宝的重要意义。 1．句意：以上八句话摘自唐代著名诗人、画家王维的名诗《山居秋暝》。根据后面“by Wang Wei”可知，此处为被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词形式”；结合首字母可知，此处指这首诗被王维“写，编写”；write“写”，其过去分词为written。故填(w)ritten。 2．句意：他因“诗中有画，画中有诗”而赢得了极高的赞誉。“high praise”是固定搭配，表示“高度赞扬”，结合首字母及语境可知，这里说的是他获得高度的称赞，故填(h)igh。 3．句意：在这首诗的开头，王维向读者展现了晴朗的天空、月光以及远处山峦的景色。“at the beginning of”是固定短语，意为“在……的开头”，结合首字母和语境可知，这里说的是在诗的开头部分的描写，故填(b)eginning。 4．句意：再靠近些，他描写了松树和流淌的水。前文提到“Over crystal stones flows water clear.”，结合首字母可知，这里说的是他描写了流淌的“水”，water“水”，故填(w)ater。 5．句意：诗中所描述的一切都是绿色、白色和青色。根据“...described in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色).”可知，这里表示诗里描述的“所有事物”都是这些颜色，everything“一切”，故填(E)verything。 6．句意：这使得读者更容易去想象并感受/发现风景之美。根据“This makes it easier for readers to imagine and...the beauty of the landscape.”和首字母可推测，读者通过诗中描写去“感受”或者“发现”风景的美，“feel”有“感受”的意思，“find”意为“发现”，都符合语义，故填(f)eel/(f)ind。 7．句意：在诗的最后部分，王维说春天可能会过去，尽管美丽的秋天和宁静的山村依然是一个特别的地方。“pass away”是固定短语，意为“过去；消失”，结合首字母和语境可知，这里说春天会过去，故填(p)ass。 8．句意：通过这种方式，他只是想表达对宁静和谐生活的热爱以及对朝廷腐败的厌恶。“show one’s love/like of...”表示“表达某人对……的热爱”，结合语境，王维通过诗表达对宁静生活的热爱，符合语义，故可以填(l)ove/(l)ike。 9．句意：例如，松树和莲花代表着毅力和高洁，如今它们也代表着中国精神。根据“and they also...Chinese spirits nowadays.”和首字母可知，这里说松树和莲花“代表”中国精神，动词“represent”意为“代表”，故填(r)epresent。 10．句意：唐诗确实是中国传统文化的瑰宝。根据“Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese...”和文化常识可知，这里说唐诗是传统文化的瑰宝，“traditional Chinese culture”意思是“中国传统文化”，符合语境，故填(c)ulture。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州邗江区·期末)I found Friday to be both a skilled worker and an able sailor. We had a tidy craft and plenty of practice. We p 1 to leave after the rainy season. Right at the end of the rainy season, we awoke to learn Friday’s enemies had returned. When I saw Friday’s face, I decided that this time we would not hide. W 2 guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was s 3 they would soon lose interest in the fight. S 4 I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation. A man lay upon the beach. His hands and f 5 were tied. He was a European and had clothes on. Now it was not o 6 Friday’s countrymen for whom I fought, but my own. Friday and I opened fire on the captors (劫持者). Friday proved the better shot. We shot many and wounded still more before p 7 up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach. I raced to the European, and Friday followed. He fired upon anybody who stood too close. I c 8 the ties that bound (绑) the man and asked h 9 in Portuguese (葡萄牙语), “What are you?” He answered in a whisper of Latin, “Christianus (基督徒).” I asked what country he c 10 from. “Espaniole (西班牙),” he said. —Taken from Robinson Crusoe 【答案】 1．(p)lanned/(p)repared 2．(W)ith 3．(s)ure 4．(S)o 5．(f)eet 6．(o)nly 7．(p)icking 8．(c)ut 9．(h)im 10．(c)ame 【导语】本文节选自《鲁滨逊漂流记》，主要讲述了鲁滨逊和星期五在雨季结束后准备离开时，遭遇敌人并成功解救一名欧洲人的故事。 1．句意：我们计划/准备在雨季结束后离开。根据“to leave”和首字母p可知，此处指计划或准备离开，动词plan“计划”/prepare“准备”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(p)lanned/(p)repared。 2．句意：枪对箭，我敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣。根据“...guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was...they would soon lose interest in the fight.”可知，此处指“我”有对抗弓箭的枪，“我”敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣，应用介词with表伴随。故填(W)ith。 3．句意：枪对箭，我敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣。根据“...guns (枪) against their arrows (弓箭), I was...they would soon lose interest in the fight.”可知，此处指“我”有对抗弓箭的枪，“我”敢肯定他们很快就会失去战斗的兴趣，形容词sure“肯定的，有把握的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(s)ure。 4．句意：所以我前往海滩探查情况。根据“I was sure they would soon lose interest in the fight...I headed toward the beach to scout out (探查) the situation.”和首字母s可知，“我”敢肯定对方必败，因此转向下一个任务，此处用so“因此”衔接因果逻辑。故填(S)o。 5．句意：他的手和脚被绑住了。根据“His hands and...were tied.”和首字母f可知，此空与复数名词“hands”并列，应是手和脚被绑住了，应用复数名词feet“脚”。故填(f)eet。 6．句意：此刻，我所为之奋战的已不仅是星期五的同胞，更是我自己的同胞。not only...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。故填(o)nly。 7．句意：我们射杀了许多人，并打伤了更多人，然后拿起火枪跑向海滩。根据“...up our muskets (火枪) and running to the beach”和首字母p可知，此处指捡起火枪再跑走，动词短语pick up“捡起”符合语境；根据“and”可知，此处与“running”并列，应用动名词picking。故填(p)icking。 8．句意：我割断了绑住那个人的绳子，用葡萄牙语问他：“你是什么人？”根据“I...the ties that bound (绑) the man”和首字母c可知，此处指割断绳子，动词cut“切割”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式cut。故填(c)ut。 9．句意：我割断了绑住那个人的绳子，用葡萄牙语问他：“你是什么人？”动词“asked”后用宾格代词him“他”指代上文“the man”。故填(h)im。 10．句意：我问他来自哪个国家。根据“...what country he...from.”和首字母c可知，此处指来自哪个国家，短语come from“来自”符合语境；此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式came。故填(c)ame。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末)One day when I was standing on the top of a hill, I saw land in the distance (远处). “Was it the mainland or an island?” I asked myself. Another day I c 1 a parrot and took it home with me. I called it Poll and I taught it to speak. The first word it learnt was its name. Then I taught it to say “Robinson”. It was s 2 to hear another voice after so many months. Poll was a very good company (陪伴) and almost never left my side. During the wet months I taught m 3 to make bowls for my food. Later I learnt how to make pots for cooking. Three years p 4 . I didn’t feel sad any more, but I often thought about escaping. Every time I went to the other side of the island, I looked at the l 5 in the distance. “What country is it?” I asked myself. I knew the dangers of trying to get there, but I wanted to try. I needed a boat, a big one. I looked for a big t 6 in the woods and cut it down. I worked on my boat every day for the next four months. It was beautiful when I finished it. I put a rope a 7 it and started pulling it towards the water. I pulled and pulled as h 8    as I could, but it didn’t move. It was much too heavy. “How s 9 you are, Robinson!” I said to myself. “You didn’t think about how to get the boat into the water.” I tried e 10 , but I couldn’t move it. In the end I had to leave it in the woods. —Adapted from Robinson Crusoe 【答案】 1．(c)aught 2．(s)trange 3．(m)yself 4．(p)assed 5．(l)and 6．(t)ree 7．(a)round 8．(h)ard 9．(s)illy/(s)tupid 10．(e)verything 【导语】本文主要讲述了主人公在岛上抓鹦鹉、自制物品、想逃离、造船却因船太重无法移至水中的经历。 【详解】1．句意：有一天我抓住了一只鹦鹉并把它带回家。根据“took it home with me”可知是先抓住鹦鹉才能带回家，catch意为“抓住”，文章整体是一般过去时，catch的过去式是caught。故填(c)aught。 2．句意：在这么多个月之后听到另一个声音是很奇怪的。根据“hear another voice after so many months”可知长时间没听到别的声音，突然听到会感觉奇怪，strange意为“奇怪的”，符合语境。故填(s)trange。 3．句意：在潮湿的几个月里，我自学制作盛食物的碗。根据“During the wet months I taught...to make bowls for my food.”可知这里是自己教自己做东西，teach oneself意为“自学”，主语是I，所以用myself表示“我自己”。故填(m)yself。 4．句意：三年过去了。根据“Three years...”可知此处表达时间的流逝，pass意为“（时间）流逝”，文章是一般过去时，pass的过去式是passed。故填(p)assed。 5．句意：每次我去岛的另一边，我都会看着远处的陆地。根据“Was it the mainland or an island?”以及“in the distance”可知是看向远处的陆地，land意为“陆地”，符合语境。故填(l)and。 6．句意：我在树林里找了一棵大树并把它砍倒了。根据“cut it down”可知是砍树，tree意为“树”，前面有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填(t)ree。 7．句意：我在它周围系了一根绳子然后开始把它往水里拉。根据“I put a rope...it and started”可知是在其周围系绳子，put...around...意为“把……环绕在……周围”，符合语境。故填(a)round。 8．句意：我尽可能用力地拉呀拉，但它一动不动。根据“I pulled and pulled as...as I could, but it didn’t move. ”可知移动石头很困难，需要尽可能用力，as...as one can/could意为“尽可能……”，此处修饰动词pull，要用副词，hard意为“用力地”，符合语境。故填(h)ard。 9．句意：“你真傻呀，鲁滨逊！”我对自己说道。根据“You didn’t think about how to get the boat into the water.”可知没考虑周全，做了傻事，silly/stupid意为“傻的，愚蠢的”，符合语境。故填(s)illy/(s)tupid。 10．句意：我尝试了所有办法，但我还是移不动它。根据“I tried...but I couldn’t move it.”可知尝试各种方法石头还是不能被移动，everything意为“一切，所有事物”，符合语境。故填(e)verything。     主题01 人与社会——个人经历 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京鼓楼区·期末)When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my a 1 . We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the s 2 situation in her life, but my mother did. Mom found that Frances never invited a 3 into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very t 4 and pale. Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was a 5 hungry, and her clothes were often too small. One day, Mom asked me, “Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?” I agreed. From then on, I saw h 6 Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, u 7 we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We promised to w 8 to each other. Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances. It said, “I have used your mother’s e 9 as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has t 10 me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it’s always worth trying.” 【答案】 1．(a)ge 2．(s)ad 3．(a)nyone/(a)nybody 4．(t)ired 5．(a)lways 6．(h)ow 7．(u)ntil 8．(w)rite 9．(e)xample 10．(t)aught 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者妈妈经常帮助隔壁家小伙伴Frances，给她衣服，给她妈妈的爱，这种善意也对她产生了重要的影响。 【详解】1．句意：有个女孩叫Frances，和我差不多大。根据“We became best friends soon.”及首字母可知，女孩和作者差不多大，所以很快成了最好的朋友，age“年龄”符合语境，故填(a)ge。 2．句意：我太小了，没有注意到她生活中的悲伤，但我母亲注意到了。根据后文对Frances家人的描述“Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back...Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home...and her clothes were often too small.”及首字母可知，她的生活情况很悲惨，sad“悲伤的，不幸的”符合语境，形容词作定语，故填(s)ad。 3．句意：妈妈发现Frances从不邀请任何人到家里来。根据“Frances never invited...into their house. ”及首字母可知，是指从不邀请任何人去她家，anyone/anybody“任何人”符合语境，故填(a)nyone/(a)nybody。 4．句意：她的妈妈一大早就去上班，回来时显得非常疲惫和苍白。根据“went to work very early...and pale”及首字母可知，上班很早，回家时脸色苍白，所以应是很累，tired“累的”符合语境，故填(t)ired。 5．句意：Frances总是很饿，而且她的衣服常常太小。根据“her clothes were often too small.”及首字母可知，此处表示频率，是指Frances总是很饿，always“总是”符合语境，故填(a)lways。 6．句意：从那时起，我看到了妈妈对待她的和蔼，就像对待第二个女儿一样。根据“I saw...Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter.”及首字母可知，此处是宾语从句，是指作者看到母亲如何对待Frances，应用how“如何”引导，故填(h)ow。 7．句意：这种情况持续了很多年，直到我们都是青少年。根据前文“Mom treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else.”及首字母可知，妈妈照顾Frances这种情况直到作者和Frances青少年时期，until“直到”符合语境，引导时间状语从句，故填(u)ntil。 8．句意：我们答应给对方写信。根据后文“Years later, Mom received a letter from Frances.”及首字母可知，是指给对方写信，write“写信”符合语境，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填(w)rite。 9．句意：我以你母亲为榜样，去关爱身边的人。根据“as my guide to care for people around me”及首字母可知，Frances把作者的妈妈当成榜样，example“例子，榜样”符合语境，此处应用单数名词，故填(e)xample。 10．句意：你妈妈教会了我什么是适当的照顾。根据前文“I have used your mother’s...as my guide to care for people around me.”及“what proper care feels like”结合首字母可知，作者妈妈对Frances的关爱教会了她什么是适当的照顾，teach“教”符合语境，此处应用动词过去分词与has构成现在完成时，故填(t)aught。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州·期末)The worst traveller in the world was Paul of San Francisco. Once he f 1 from the USA to his hometown in Italy to see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at an airport in New York. Paul thought he was in Rome. Believing this, he got off the p 2 . When n 3 was there to meet him, Paul thought maybe the heavy traffic made his friend late. While looking for his address, Paul found that Rome had changed a lot. He found many high m 4 buildings instead of old ones. He also found that many people s 5 English but not Italian and that those main street signs were written in English. So he asked a policeman in Italian the w 6 to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered in the same 1 7 . After twelve hours’ travelling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a 8 policeman. But this time, this policeman could only speak English. So Paul asked the policeman w 9 the Rome police had so many English-speaking police officers. When he was told so, Paul didn’t b 10 he was in New York. To get him on a plane to Italy, he was sent to the airport in a police car. 【答案】 1．(f)lew 2．(p)lane 3．(n)obody 4．(m)odern 5．(s)poke 6．(w)ay 7．(l)anguage 8．(a)nother 9．(w)hy 10．(b)elieve 【导语】本文讲述了保罗误将纽约当作罗马的搞笑经历，他在寻找住所时遇到了许多困惑，最终发现自己一直在纽约。 【详解】1．句意：有一次他从美国飞回意大利的家乡去看望家里的人。根据“from the USA to his hometown in Italy”可知，此处表示从一个国家飞往另一个国家，结合首字母提示f，应使用动词“fly”，表示“飞行”；“once”表明是过去的某一时刻，需用一般过去时。故填(f)lew。 2．句意：相信了这一点，他下了飞机。根据上文“The plane made a one-hour stop…”可知，此处指他误以为到达目的地后“下了飞机”；结合首字母提示p和语境中“got off”这一固定短语可知应填“plane”，表示“飞机”。故填(p)lane。 3．句意：当没有人在那里接他时，保罗认为也许是交通堵塞使他的朋友迟到了。根据句中“was there to meet him”和首字母提示“n”可知，表示“没有人”符合语境，应填不定代词“nobody”，作主语，与动词“was”搭配；符合句子结构。故填(n)obody。 4．句意：他看到的是许多高大的现代建筑，而不是旧的建筑。根据“high...buildings”可知是在形容建筑的特点；结合“instead of old ones”表示与“旧的”相对，应为“现代的”，符合语境；根据首字母提示“m”可知应填形容词“modern”，意为“现代的”，修饰名词“buildings”。故填(m)odern。 5．句意：他还发现很多人说英语而不是意大利语，而且那些主街道的标志也是用英语写的。根据“found”可知句子用的是一般过去时，结合首字母“s”和空后“English”，空格处应填动词“speak”的过去式“spoke”；“spoke English but not Italian”表示“说英语而不是意大利语”，符合语境。故填(s)poke。 6．句意：于是他用意大利语问了一位警察去汽车站的路。根据“asked a policeman…the...to the bus station”可知，此处是表示“问路”，结合首字母提示“w”应填名词“way”，意为“路；路线”，常见搭配为“ask the way to+地点”，符合语法和语境要求。故填(w)ay。 7．句意：他碰巧遇到一位也是在意大利出生的警察，并用同样的语言回答他。根据上文“asked a policeman in Italian”和“answered in the same...”可知，空格处应填“language”，表示“语言”，与前面的“in Italian”相呼应；根据首字母“l”提示可确定为“language”，名词，作介词短语“in the same language”的宾语。故填(l)anguage。 8．句意：在公交车上转了十二个小时后，司机把他交给了另一位警察。根据语境“handed him over to…”表示将某人移交给他人处理，结合首字母提示“a”以及句中表示“另一位”之意，应填不定代词“another”，意为“另一个的”，作形容词修饰名词“policeman”，故填(a)nother。 9．句意：于是保罗问那位警察为什么罗马警察局有这么多会说英语的警察。根据句中“asked the policeman”后面接疑问词引导的宾语从句，结合首字母提示“w”，以及句意中的“为什么”，应填特殊疑问词“why”，用来询问原因，符合句法结构。故填(w)hy。 10．句意：当被告知后，保罗不相信自己在纽约。根据句中“Paul didn’t ... he was in New York”结构，动词用否定形式过去时，“didn’t”后接动词原形；结合首字母提示“b”，表示“不相信”，应填动词“believe”，符合语法和语义。故填(b)elieve。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京外国语学校·期末)The last two months has been a roller coaster. I l 1 my job and my project, all of which I loved. Now, the sadness is still there, but meanwhile I feel huge e 2 over following a long-time dream of mine: writing a memoir (回忆录). In the margins (间隙) of time, while working full time, I worked slowly on the b 3 of a book: a name, an outline, and a title for the first chapter. I tried to f 4 some writing time. Sometimes I would write for a free half hour in the morning before everything s 5 . It’s true that I don’t have any income now and no one knows what will happen next. But it is a 6 a fact that I’m living my actual dream. Now I wake up with a feeling of thrill (兴奋) in my chest every day, and I think: I get to write today. Though all this happened s 7 , not up to my plan. I feel lucky that I have this life now. And yes, it’s a long road to publishing a book. Yes, I don’t know if I’ll ever make m 8 from this. As I write, I read Martha Beck’s book. In a section called “The Power of One-Degree Turns (转向)”, she writes. “Positive changes happen more quickly when we do it in s 9 steps, not in great leaps (跳跃). Every day, you make many tiny decisions about your time, every one of which is a chance to turn towards the life you really w 10 .” Looking back, I see that all my writing in the margins of time was my way of making steps to this dream. I can’t wait to continue working on this and, eventually, share it with the world. 【答案】 1．(l)ost 2．(e)xcitement 3．(b)eginning 4．(f)ind 5．(s)tarted 6．(a)lso 7．(s)uddenly 8．(m)oney 9．(s)mall 10．(w)ant 【导语】本文主要讲述作者在失去工作和项目后，开始追求长期梦想——写回忆录的心路历程。 1．句意：我失去了我的工作和我的项目，所有我热爱的东西。根据首字母提示和下文“the sadness is still there”可推知，作者失去了工作。动词lose“失去”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填lose的过去式lost。故填(l)ost。 2．句意：现在，悲伤仍然存在，但同时我为实现我长久以来的梦想感到非常兴奋：写一本回忆录。根据首字母提示和“following a long-time dream of mine”可推知，作者因为能够实现长久以来的梦想而感到非常兴奋。空前的huge是形容词，其后接名词，所以空处应填名词excitement表示“兴奋”。故填(e)xcitement。 3．句意：在时间的缝隙里，我一边全职工作，一边缓慢推进一本书的开端：构思书名、拟定大纲，并为第一章起好标题。根据首字母提示和“a name, an outline, and a title for the first chapter”可知，这是一本书的开端。名词beginning“开端”符合语境。故填(b)eginning。 4．句意：我尽量找到一些写作时间。根据首字母提示和“Sometimes I would write for a free half hour in the morning”可推知，作者努力找时间写作，动词find“找到”符合语境，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填(f)ind。 5．句意：有时候，在一切开始之前，我会在早上自由写作半个小时。根据首字母提示和“Sometimes I would write for a free half hour in the morning before everything...”可知，有时作者在开始一天的工作之前会先写作。动词start“开始”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填start的过去式started。故填(s)tarted。 6．句意：但这也是事实，我正在实现我真正的梦想。根据首字母提示和“It’s true that I don’t have any income now and no one knows what will happen next. But it is...a fact that I’m living my actual dream.”可知，作者现在没有任何收入是事实，但是作者正在实现梦想也是事实。副词also“也”符合语境。故填(a)lso。 7．句意：虽然这一切发生得很突然，不符合我的计划。根据首字母提示和“not up to my plan”可知，这一切发生得很突然，不符合作者的计划。副词suddenly“突然”符合语境，在此处修饰动词happened。故填(s)uddenly。 8．句意：是的，我不知道我是否能从中赚钱。根据首字母和上文“I get to write today”可知，作者不知道是否能靠写作赚钱。make money“赚钱”。故填(m)oney。 9．句意：当我们用小步而非大跃进来改变时，积极变化更快发生。根据首字母提示和“great leaps”可知，空处应填形容词small“小的”，small steps与great leaps形成对比。故填(s)mall。 10．句意：每天，你都要对自己的时间做出许多微小的决定，每一个决定都是一个转向你真正想要的生活的机会。根据首字母提示和“the life you really...”可知，此处指“你真正想要的生活”。动词want“想要”符合语境，结合“every one of which is a chance...”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语you要与动词原形连用。故填(w)ant。 主题02 人与社会——教育 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹徒区·期末) In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public holidays. But now, thanks to a government action plan introduced in March, many schools are adding extra days off. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools could add spring and autumn breaks for students according to their o 1 needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring break in March. They learnt about h 2 and science at sites like the Museum of Dr Sun Yat-sen, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and Zhuhai Aerospace Land. “W 3 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out enjoying ourselves,” one of the students told Xinhua. Yin Xianwen, Party chief of the school, sees it as a great way to l 4 . “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature, visiting historical sites is a history lesson, and traveling together is a lesson in s 5 skills,” Yin told People’s Daily. “It offers students the chance to get the most precious (珍贵的) growth experiences d 6 the most beautiful season.” Also, students can enjoy their spring break with f 7 . It can help bring families much c 8 to each other and reduce stress in studying, said Xinhua. However, there are some challenges (挑战). Not all parents can take time off when their kids do, so some children may end up staying home and p 9 on their phones. Schools also need to find a way to fit all their lessons into the new schedule (课程表). To make these breaks work w 10 , the government, schools, parents and communities need to work together, noted People’s Daily. 【答案】 1．(o)wn 2．(h)istory 3．(W)hile 4．(l)earn 5．(s)ocial 6．(d)uring 7．(f)amilies 8．(c)loser 9．(p)laying 10．(w)ell 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国部分中小学依据自身需求增设春秋假期，以广州某中学春假为例，讲述春假的活动、意义、带来的家庭影响及面临的挑战。 【详解】1．句意：该理念是一些中小学可依据他们的自身需求为学生增设春秋假期。根据“according to their...needs”可知，空后needs是名词，需用形容词修饰，own意为“自己的”，符合“学校依据自身需求”的语境。故填(o)wn。 2．句意：他们在孙中山纪念馆、港珠澳大桥以及珠海航展中心等地了解历史和科学知识。根据“the Museum of Dr Sun Yat-sen, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and Zhuhai Aerospace Land”可知，他们在这些地方了解历史和科学知识，history意为“历史”。故填(h)istory。 3．句意：“当其他人被困在教室里时，我们却在外面玩得开心，” 一名学生告诉新华社。根据“...others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out enjoying ourselves”可知，此处为while引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，强调对比。故填(W)hile。 4．句意：该校党委书记尹先文将其视为学习的好方式。根据“Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature, visiting historical sites is a history lesson...”可知，此处指各种实践活动是学习的好方式，learn“学习”，动词，空前有不定式to，空处用动词原形。故填(l)earn。 5．句意：尹告诉《人民日报》说：“看植物生长是一堂自然课，参观历史遗迹是一堂历史课，一起旅行是一堂社交技能课。”。根据“traveling together is a lesson in...skills”可知，此处指一起旅行培养社交技能，social skills意为“社交技能”。故填(s)ocial。 6．句意：它在最美的季节期间为学生提供最珍贵的成长经历。根据“...the most beautiful season”可知，此处指在最美季节期间，during意为“在……期间”。故填(d)uring。 7．句意：此外，学生可以和家人一起享受春假。根据“students can enjoy their spring break with...”以及后文“It can help bring families...”可知，此处指和家人一起享受春假。故填(f)amilies。 8．句意：新华社称，这有助于让家人彼此更亲近，减轻学习压力。根据“It can help bringing families much...to each other”可知，此处指和家人一起享受春假有助于让家人彼此更亲近。much后接形容词比较级，closer“更亲近的”，bring...closer“使……更亲近”。故填(c)loser。 9．句意：并非所有家长在孩子放假时都能休假，所以一些孩子可能最终会待在家里玩手机。play on phones“玩手机”，end up doing sth.“最终做某事”。故填(p)laying。 10．句意：为了让这些假期良好实施，政府、学校、家长和社区需要共同努力，《人民日报》指出。根据“To make these breaks work...”可知，空处需填一个副词，修饰动词work。well“很好地”，符合语境，work well“良好实施”。故填(w)ell。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州高邮市·期末)A government action works—many schools in China are adding more h 1 now. The idea is that some primary and secondary schools can have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students, but it should d 2 on their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School e 3 a five-day spring break this March. They looked into history and science at the museums. “W 4 others are stuck in classrooms, we’re out exploring the real world,” said one of the students. Yin Xianwen, head of the school, sees it as a good way for the students to l 5 about the world. “Visiting historical places is a history lesson, w 6 plants grow is a lesson in biology and travelling together is a lesson in t 7 skills,” Yin said. “It offers students the chance to get the most useful growth experiences during the most beautiful s 8 .” Also, students can enjoy the breaks with f 9 . Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c 10 and reduce stress (压力) in studying. The government, schools, families and communities are working together to make the breaks work well. They aren’t just for fun. They can help students become well-rounded learners. 【答案】 1．(h)olidays 2．(d)epend 3．(e)njoyed/(e)xperienced 4．(W)hile/(W)hen 5．(l)earn 6．(w)atching 7．(t)eam/(t)eamwork 8．(s)eason/(s)easons 9．(f)amily/(f)amilies 10．(c)loser/(c)lose 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国部分中小学试行春秋假政策，通过课外活动帮助学生全面发展。 1．句意：政府的行动奏效了——中国许多学校现在都在增加更多假期。根据“have spring and autumn breaks (短假期) for students”可知，是增加更多假期，holiday“假期”，more后跟名词复数。故填(h)olidays。 2．句意：这个想法是，一些小学和中学可以为学生安排春季和秋季假期，但这应取决于他们自身需求。根据“on their own needs.”及首字母可知，是指取决于自身需求，depend on“取决于”，should后跟动词原形。故填(d)epend。 3．句意：在广州，玉岩中学的310名学生在今年三月享受/体验了为期五天的春假。根据“a five-day spring break this March”及首字母可知，是指享受/体验了为期五天的春假，enjoy“享受”/experience“体验”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(e)njoyed/(e)xperienced。 4．句意：当其他学生被困在教室里时，我们在外面探索真实世界。根据“others are stuck in classrooms”可知，是指当其他学生被困在教室里时，用while/when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hile/(W)hen。 5．句意：学校校长尹宪文把这看作是学生了解世界的一个好途径。根据“about the world”及首字母可知，是指了解世界，learn about“了解”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填(l)earn。 6．句意：参观历史遗迹是一堂历史课，观看植物生长是一堂生物课，一起旅行是一堂团队合作技能课程。根据“plants grow is a lesson in biology”及首字母可知，是指观看植物生长，watch“观看”，此处用动名词作主语。故填(w)atching。 7．句意：参观历史遗迹是一堂历史课，观看植物生长是一堂生物课，一起旅行是一堂团队合作技能课程。根据“travelling together”可知，一起旅行有助于培养团队合作技能，team/teamwork“团队合作”符合语境，为名词作定语。故填(t)eam/(t)eamwork。 8．句意：它为学生提供了在最美好的季节中获得最有用的成长经历。根据“during the most beautiful s...”及前文提及的“spring and autumn breaks”可知，是指最美好的季节，season“季节”，此处可用单数也可用复数。故填(s)eason/(s)easons。 9．句意：而且，学生可以与家人一起享受假期。根据“Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home”可知，是指和家人一起享受假期，family“家人”，此处可表示集体名词，也可表示个体，表示个体时，是可数名词，需用复数形式。故填(f)amily/(f)amilies。 10．句意：去旅行、一起烹饪一顿饭，或者只是待在家里聊天，都能有助于让彼此更亲近/亲近，并减轻学习压力。根据“Going on a trip, cooking a meal together, or just staying at home and talking can help bring each other c...”可知，这些活动有助于让彼此更亲近/亲近，空处用副词比较级closer“更亲近”，也可用原形close“亲近”，修饰动词bring。故填(c)loser/(c)lose。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通海安市·期末)Fan Liyun is a Chinese teacher. She works at the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) at a university in Hungary. This spring t 1 , more students are taking the institute’s courses. Fan was not very much s 2 by this. Last year, she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was w 3 received by students. Fan and her students got together once a week for class. They made and t 4 different types of Chinese tea. Fan taught the students how to perform the tea ceremony. She also shared tea-related s 5 with them. “It was a great experience,” said Flora, one of Fan’s students, “D 6 tea helped me calm my mind!” “The tea culture is very inclusive,” said Fan. “We d 7 many topics in class, such as history and philosophy (哲学). For example, tea usually tastes a little bitter at first, but you can feel the sweetness in the aftertaste. Just like life, there is no sweetness w 8 hard work.” In the future, Fan hopes to s 9 up a tea culture experience centre at the institute. She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture. “Sometimes a shared experience can be a way to a 10 better cultural exchange,” she said. “One good example is having a cup of tea together.” 【答案】 1．(t)erm 2．(s)urprised 3．(w)ell 4．(t)asted 5．(s)tories 6．(D)rinking 7．(d)iscussed 8．(w)ithout 9．(s)et 10．(a)chieve 【导语】本文主要介绍了Fan Liyun是孔子学院的一名老师，她教授中国茶文化，她希望未来建立一个茶文化体验中心，帮助更多的当地人了解中国茶文化。 【详解】1．句意：今年春季学期，更多的学生选修了学院的课程。根据“more students are taking the institute’s courses”及首字母提示可知，应表达今年春季学期，term“学期”，用单数形式表示这个学期。故填(t)erm。 2．句意：Fan对此并不感到意外。根据“she offered a course on Chinese tea culture. It was well received by students.”及首字母提示可知，应表达她并不感到意外，surprised“吃惊的”，主语是人。故填(s)urprised。 3．句意：受到学生的好评。根据“more students are taking the institute’s courses”及首字母提示可知，应表达受到好评，well“好”，修饰动词received。故填(w)ell。 4．句意：他们制作并品尝了不同种类的中国茶。根据“different types of Chinese tea”及首字母提示可知，应表达品尝了不同种类的中国茶，taste“品尝”，根据made可知，时态为一般过去时，taste的过去式为tasted。故填(t)asted。 5．句意：她还与他们分享了与茶有关的故事。根据“She also shared tea-related s...with them.”及首字母提示可知，应表达分享故事，story“故事”，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)tories。 6．句意：“这是一次很棒的经历，”Fan的学生Flora说，“喝茶让我平静了下来！”根据“tasted different types of Chinese tea”及首字母提示可知，应表达喝茶让我平静下来，drink“喝”，这里用动名词作主语。故填(D)rinking。 7．句意：我们在课堂上讨论了许多话题，比如历史和哲学。根据“such as history and philosophy (哲学)”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达讨论许多话题，discuss“讨论”，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，discuss的过去式为discussed。故填(d)iscussed。 8．句意：就像人生一样，不努力就没有甜蜜。根据“there is no sweetness w...hard work.”及首字母提示可知，应表达不努力就没有甜蜜，用介词without“没有”。故填(w)ithout。 9．句意：未来，Fan希望在学院建立一个茶文化体验中心。根据“a tea culture experience centre”及首字母提示可知，应表达建立，set up“建立”，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填(s)et。 10．句意：“有时候共同的经历可能是实现更好的文化交流的一种方式，”她说。根据“She wants to help more locals understand Chinese tea culture.”及首字母提示可知，应表达实现更好的文化交流，achieve“实现”，a way to do sth.“做某事的一种方式”，空处用动词原形。故填(a)chieve。 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通如皋市·期末) William Shakespeare was born more than 450 years ago. He is widely thought to be one of the g 1 writers in history. Even today, his plays and poems are still inspiring many artists around the world. H 2 , his language is very old-fashioned. Words and sentences in his works are not s 3 enough for us to follow, because his time was so different from ours. This big difference has started an important d 4 : To update (更新) or not to update Shakespeare? Some people think updating Shakespeare is n 5 . They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be u 6 by most people today? So many talented modern writers have rewritten Shakespeare’s plays in the way people speak today. This makes them clearer for today’s readers. At the same time, readers would still get as much p 7 from the plays. But other people don’t a 8 with them. They think Shakespeare’s works are beautiful and will never be out of date. His special way of using words makes the stories more interesting. The richness of the language and the playful use of words should be celebrated. There are good reasons w 9 the plays are still being performed today. Many of Shakespeare’s expressions are still used, for example, “All that glitters (发光) isn’t g 10 .” His works tell us what it means to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship are always important, no matter which century we live in. So, what’s your opinion? Should we update Shakespeare’s works to make them easier, or keep them original to respect his genius? 【答案】 1．(g)reatest 2．(H)owever 3．(s)imple 4．(d)iscussion 5．(n)ecessary 6．(u)nderstood 7．(p)leasure 8．(a)gree 9．(w)hy 10．(g)old 【导语】本文介绍了关于是否更新莎士比亚的作品的讨论。 【详解】1．句意：他被广泛认为是历史上最伟大的作家之一。根据“Even today, his plays and poems are still inspiring many artists around the world.”可知，他的戏剧和诗歌至今仍激励着世界各地的许多艺术家，因此他是伟大的作家，great“伟大的”，one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，故填(g)reatest。 2．句意：然而，他的语言非常过时。结合句意，前一句表示今天他的戏剧和诗歌至今仍激励着世界各地的许多艺术家，后一句表示他的语言非常过时，前后表示转折关系，因此用连词however“然而”，故填(H)owever。 3．句意：他作品中的字句并不简单，我们很难理解，因为他所处的时代和我们所处的时代太不一样了。根据“his language is very old-fashioned”可知，他的语言非常过时，因此他的作品里的字句不简单，我们很难理解，simple“简单的”，是形容词，作为系动词are的表语，用形容词，故填(s)imple。 4．句意：这种巨大的差异引发了一场重要的讨论：更新莎士比亚还是不更新？根据“To update (更新) or not to update Shakespeare?”可知，更新莎士比亚还是不更新，这是在进行讨论，discussion“讨论”，是名词，有不定冠词an修饰，用单数名词，故填(d)iscussion。 5．句意：有些人认为更新莎士比亚是必要的。根据“They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be u...by most of people today?”可知，他们认为莎士比亚的戏剧很伟大，但如果今天大多数人都看不懂，那又有什么意义呢。这是认为更新莎士比亚是很必要的，necessary“必要的”，是形容词，作为系动词be的表语，用形容词，故填(n)ecessary。 6．句意：他们说莎士比亚的戏剧很伟大，但如果今天大多数人都看不懂，那又有什么意义呢？根据“They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point ”可知，莎士比亚的戏剧很好，如果它们不被大多数人看懂，就没有意义了。understand“理解”，根据“by most of people”可知，此处用被动形式。故填(u)nderstood。 7．句意：与此同时，读者仍然可以从戏剧中获得同样多的乐趣。根据“So many talented modern writers have rewritten Shakespeare’s plays in the way people speak today. This makes them clearer for today’s readers.”可知，许多有才华的现代作家把莎士比亚的戏剧改写成了今天人们说话的方式，这对今天的读者来说更清楚，这样读者能从这些戏剧中获得乐趣。故填(p)leasure。 8．句意：但是其他人不同意他们的观点。根据“They think Shakespeare’s works are beautiful and will never be out of date.”可知，他们认为莎士比亚的作品很美，永远不会过时。因此不同意前文提到的“更新莎士比亚是必要的”的观点，agree“同意”，位于助动词don’t 后，作谓语，用动词原形，故填(a)gree。 9．句意：有很好的这些戏剧至今仍在上演的理由。先行词是reason，定语从句缺少状语，因此用why引导定语从句，故填(w)hy。 10．句意：莎士比亚的许多表达至今仍在使用，例如：“发光的未必都是金子。”结合句意，此处强调发光的东西，结合首字g可知，此处为gold“金子”。故填(g)old。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通市区·期末) Doing well in school is about more than just spending long hours with your books—it’s about studying in the right way. Many students work hard but don’t always get the r 1 they want because they depend on poor ways like last-minute cramming (死记硬背)or passive reading. The good news is that by using smarter and easier study skills, you can i 2 your understanding ability, remember information longer, and reduce stress. Here are some ways to make your study time more productive. One of the most important habits is active learning. When you study, try e 3 new ideas in your own words, asking yourself questions, or even teaching the topic to a friend. This gets your brain to process information deeply. Then it is easier to remember it later. Another helpful way is taking notes carefully. I 4 of writing down everything your teacher says, focus on key ideas and use ways like the Cornell note-taking system (康奈尔笔记法). It advises students to s 5 the page into three parts: main points, supporting details and a conclusion part. This makes reviewing much easier. Managing your time wisely is another important skill. You’d better not get started u 6 the night before tests. Study a little each day using the Pomodoro way: study for 25-30 minutes, and then take a 5-minute b 7 to get fresh. This keeps your mind fresh and helps you stay focused. Practice is also necessary, especially for s 8 like math and science. You cannot just memorize formulas (公式), you should use what you’ve l 9 to solve different problems. Self-testing with flashcards or past exam questions is another great way to check your understanding and make you remember things better. Finally, don’t forget that your physical and mental health influence your learning. Getting e 10 sleep, eating well, and staying active all help your brain work at its best. If you’re tired or distracted, even the best study ways won’t work as well. 【答案】 1．(r)esults 2．(i)mprove 3．(e)xplaining 4．(i)nstead 5．(s)plit 6．(u)ntil 7．(b)reak 8．(s)ubjects 9．(l)earned/(l)earnt 10．(e)nough 【导语】本文介绍提升学习效率的方法，含主动学习、记笔记等 。 1．句意：许多学生学习努力，但并不总能得到他们想要的结果，因为他们依赖像考前临时死记硬背或被动阅读这类欠佳的学习方法。“results”是名词，意为“结果；成效”，在这里指学生努力后期望获得的学习成果（比如好成绩等），“get the results they want”是“得到他们想要的结果”，符合语境逻辑，说明学生因学习方法不好，难以达成期望成果。故填(r)esults。 2．句意：好消息是，通过运用更巧妙、更简便的学习技巧，你能够提升你的理解能力，更长久地记住信息，还能减轻压力。“improve”是动词，意为“改进；提升；提高”，“improve one’s understanding ability”是常用表达，指提升某人的理解能力，契合句子说借助好的学习技巧让自身学习能力变强的意思。故填(i)mprove。 3．句意：当你学习时，试着用自己的话阐释新观点，向自己提出问题，甚至把相关内容讲解给朋友听。“try doing sth”是固定用法，意为“尝试做某事”，“explaining”是“explain”（解释；阐释）的动名词形式，“explain new ideas in one’s own words”指用自己的语言解释新观点，是主动学习、加深理解的有效方式，符合“active learning（主动学习）”语境。故填(e)xplaining。 4．句意：不要把老师说的所有内容都记下来，而是聚焦于关键要点，采用像康奈尔笔记法这类方法。“instead of”是介词短语，意为“代替；而不是”，后接名词、代词或动名词等，在这里用于对比“记下老师说的所有内容”和“聚焦关键要点”两种做法，强调要采用更有效的记笔记方式，符合优化学习方法的文意。故填(i)nstead。 5．句意：它建议学生把页面划分成三部分：要点、支撑性细节以及总结部分。“split”是动词，“split...into...”是固定搭配，意为 “把……分成……”，准确描述了康奈尔笔记法对页面进行区域划分的操作，让记笔记和后续复习更有条理。故填(s)plit。 6．句意：你最好不要等到考试前一天晚上才开始。“until”是连词，“not...until...”是常用结构，意为“直到……才……”，在这里提醒学习者不要拖延，不要把学习任务都留到考前一晚，契合合理管理学习时间的主题。故填(u)ntil。 7．句意：学习25-30分钟，然后进行一次5分钟的休息，让自己恢复精神。“break”作名词时，有“休息；间歇”之意，“take a break”是常用短语，指进行休息，符合采用番茄工作法（Pomodoro way）时“学习—休息”交替的节奏，助力保持良好学习状态。故填(b)reak。 8．句意：练习也很有必要，尤其针对像数学、科学这类学科。“subjects”是名词“subject”（学科；科目）的复数形式，“like math and science”是对其举例说明，表明在这些学科学习中练习的重要性，贴合学习场景表述。故填(s)ubjects。 9．句意：你不能只是记住公式，还应该运用你所学过的去解决不同问题。“learned/learnt”分别是动词“learn”（学习；学会）的过去式和过去分词形式，“what you’ve learned/learnt”是宾语从句，作“use”的宾语，指已经学过的知识内容，强调知识要用于实践解题，符合学习要注重应用的理念。故填(l)earned/(l)earnt。 10．句意：获得充足的睡眠、合理饮食以及保持活跃，这些都有助于你的大脑高效运转。“enough”形容词，意为“足够的；充足的”，“getting enough sleep”指获得充足睡眠，说明身心健康（physical and mental health）方面，充足睡眠对学习的积极作用，完善了影响学习因素的阐述。故填(e)nough。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港开发区·期末)Modern technology is changing the world quickly. It has brought great e 1 on both our study and daily life. With science and technology, travelling and communicating have become much more c 2 . People can keep in touch with friends and relatives easily t 3 phones and the Internet, no matter how far away they are. So it is really difficult to i 4 life without all these modern tools. A 5 technology makes life easier, we must learn to use it wisely. There are many ways to relax and study online, so we should make a wise c 6 to avoid wasting too much time on meaningless things. Also, we must p 7 ourselves from harmful websites. What’s more, we should spend enough time with our family. It is important to s 8 our ideas and feelings with each other to make a better relationship. In a word, technology itself is not a problem. It d 9 on how we use it. If we use modern technology in a right way, we will certainly make o 10 life better and more colourful. 【答案】 1．effects/ffects 2．convenient/onvenient 3．through/hrough 4．imagine/magine 5．Although/lthough 6．choice/hoice 7．protect/rotect 8．share/hare 9．depends/epends 10．our/ur 【导语】本文主要讲述了现代技术对学习和日常生活的巨大影响，指出技术让交通和沟通更加便捷，同时强调我们必须明智地使用技术，避免沉迷于无意义的内容，保护自身安全，并重视与家人的情感交流。 【详解】1．句意：它给我们的学习和日常生活带来了巨大的影响。动词brought后需填名词作宾语，形容词great修饰该名词。结合语境，技术对生活带来了影响，首字母e提示选择effects，意为“影响”，常用复数表示多方面的影响。 2．句意：有了科学技术，旅行和沟通变得更加便捷。系动词become后需填形容词作表语，much修饰比较级。结合上下文，技术使得生活更便利，首字母c提示选择convenient，意为“便利的”。 3．句意：人们可以通过电话和互联网轻松地与亲朋好友保持联系，无论他们相隔多远。此处需填介词或副词，表示通过某种方式或工具。结合“phones and the Internet”是沟通的工具，首字母t提示选择through，意为“通过”。 4．句意：因此，很难想象没有这些现代工具的生活。此句为“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构，需填动词原形。结合句意，表达对没有工具的世界的想象，首字母i提示选择imagine，意为“想象”。 5．句意：虽然技术让生活更轻松，但我们必须学会明智地使用它。空格处连接前后两个分句，前句说技术的好处，后句说我们要明智使用，构成让步转折关系。首字母A提示选择Although，意为“虽然”，置于句首首字母大写。 6．句意：因此我们应该做出明智的选择，避免在无意义的事情上浪费太多时间。形容词wise后需填名词作make的宾语。结合语境，面对多种娱乐和学习方式需要做出明智的选择，首字母c提示选择choice，意为“选择”。 7．句意：此外，我们必须保护自己免受有害网站的侵害。情态动词must后需填动词原形。固定搭配“protect oneself from”意为“保护……免受……”。首字母p提示选择protect，意为“保护”。 8．句意：彼此分享我们的想法和感受对于建立更好的关系是很重要的。此句为“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构，需填动词原形。结合“our ideas and feelings with each other”，首字母s提示选择share，意为“分享”。 9．句意：这取决于我们如何使用它。主语It为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语需用第三人称单数形式。固定搭配“depend on”意为“取决于”。首字母d提示选择depends，意为“依赖于”。 10．句意：如果我们以正确的方式使用现代技术，我们一定会让我们的生活更美好、更多彩。结合上下文，技术帮助我们改善的是“我们的生活”，需用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词life，首字母o提示选择our，意为“我们的”。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $