精品解析：上海静安区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语考试

高二英语 （满分 115 分，时间 105 分钟） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Shopping: Good for Children’s Brains Children may get angry and play up when being dragged around the shops by their parents, but shopping therapy (疗法) is actually good for their brains. The interaction between child and parent while shopping helps young kids develop social skills and promotes happiness ____1____ a crying baby shows few signs of it at the time. According to the joint study by Oxford University and the Open University, the shopping trip is just as helpful for the child’s development as painting or drawing activities. In addition, shopping, compared with watching TV and reading, ____2____ (consider) greatly beneficial to a child’s social skills. The two universities made these conclusions after studying the results of a survey in Germany. This survey looked into the daily routines and habits of 800 parents with two-and three-year-olds. It recorded higher ____3____ (perceive) levels of happiness among the children who had taken part in activities such as art and craft, and shopping. Researchers Professor Paul Anand and Dr Laurence Roope added that the more shopping therapies the kids were exposed to, the ____4____ (developed) their everyday skills became. When looking into ____5____ shopping therapy ranked high in benefits, researchers pointed to the fact that shopping involves changes of scenery from shop to shop, which improves the child’s motor and social skills more than a sedentary (久坐的) activity. Reading and storytelling are no doubt beneficial but ____6____ (leave) to read or watch TV on his own has a negative influence ____7____ the child’s development. Because of shopping trips, children get out of the house and into a new environment ____8____ they get visual stimulation. They’re bumping into other families and their social skills come into play and they may get the chance to do ____9____ physical in a shop like running around. The researchers now intend _____10_____ (test) their theories on older children to see what activities influence development among other age groups. 【答案】1. although##though##while 2. is considered 3. perceived 4. more developed 5. why 6. being left 7. on##upon 8. where 9. something 10. to test 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一项研究发现——购物疗法对儿童大脑发育有益，能够促进孩子的社交技能和幸福感，研究人员还计划将这一理论在更大年龄段的儿童中进行验证。 【1题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：购物过程中孩子与家长之间的互动有助于幼儿发展社交技能并促进快乐，尽管哭泣的婴儿当时很少表现出这种迹象。分析句子结构可知，空格前后为两个完整的分句，前后存在让步转折关系，应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。 【2题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，与看电视和阅读相比，购物被认为对孩子的社交技能非常有益。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子谓语动词；主语shopping与consider之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语shopping为不可数名词，be动词应用is。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：调查记录显示，参加艺术、手工和购物等活动的孩子感知到的快乐水平更高。分析句子结构可知，空格处需用形容词修饰名词levels；perceive的形容词形式为perceived，意为“感知到的，察觉到的”。 【4题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员Paul Anand教授和Laurence Roope博士补充说，孩子们接触的购物疗法越多，他们的日常技能就变得越发达。分析句子结构可知，此处为“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构，表示“越……，越……”；developed为多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more developed。 【5题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在探究为什么购物疗法在益处方面排名很高时，研究人员指出，购物涉及从一家商店到另一家商店的场景变化。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作looking into的宾语；根据下文“researchers pointed to the fact that...”可知，研究人员在解释原因，因此空格处表示"为什么"，应用连接副词why引导该宾语从句。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读和讲故事无疑是有益的，但被留下独自阅读或看电视对孩子的发展有负面影响。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列的主语，空格处需用动名词形式作主语；且逻辑主语the child与leave之间为被动关系，表示“被留下”，应用动名词的被动式being left。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意：阅读和讲故事无疑是有益的，但被留下独自阅读或看电视对孩子的发展有负面影响。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配have a negative influence on/upon，意为“对……有负面影响”。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：因为购物出行，孩子们走出家门，进入一个新的环境，在那里他们获得视觉刺激，这比久坐活动更能提升儿童的运动和社交技能。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为environment，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。 【9题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：他们会遇到其他家庭，他们的社交技能得以发挥，而且他们可能有机会在商店里做一些体力活动，比如跑来跑去。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填不定代词作do的宾语；本句为肯定句，表示“某事，一些事”，应用something。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员现在打算在年龄更大的儿童身上测试他们的理论，以了解哪些活动会影响其他年龄段儿童的发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配intend to do sth.，意为“打算做某事”，应用动词不定式作宾语。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. adaptations B. boring C. declared v. D. destroyed E. draw F. flood G. launched v. H. physical I. recognition J. stick K. unity Why do we love literary anniversaries? Last year marked 250 years since the birth of the English novelist Jane Austen. This special year saw a variety of high-profile celebratory events across Britain, from film screenings, to special tours and literary talks. But why do we celebrate literary anniversaries? Why do museums, academics and the public rush to honor our favourite authors? First, literary anniversaries are significant as they create a shared sense of pride and a feeling of ____11____ within communities and cultures. As Shakespeare scholar Monika Smialkowska said, “Each event has also been an occasion for the community remembering Shakespeare to celebrate itself.” Literary anniversaries are also a main example of thirst for the past — of thinking that a place, event or period from the past is preferable to the present. Rituals such as anniversary celebrations are the ____12____ presentation of this feeling. This is the reason why enthusiasts dress up in the costumes to transport themselves back to a period in contrast to the current ____13____ time, perhaps. By reading an author’s books and visiting his house, visitors are similarly invited to step back into the brilliant past and into the writer’s world. These anniversaries are of course a global ____14____, with entire marketing campaigns centering around significant dates. For example, 2017 was not only ____15____ by Visit Britain as the Year of Literary Heroes, but an interactive Magical Britain campaign was also ____16____ to celebrate 20 years since the first Harry Potter book. Anniversaries of popular books and authors promote the local and national economy as visitors ____17____ to locations from the authors’ birthplaces to homes and graves. But why do some authors ____18____ in the public imagination more than others? Author and academic H.J. Jackson notes in her book that ____19____ usually begins with a collected edition of the author’s work, before interest develops into biographies, translations and ____20____. The texts become taught in schools. Societies are named in the author’s honor, and then finally anniversary celebrations start to celebrate his great achievements. 【答案】11. K 12. H 13. B 14. E 15. C 16. G 17. F 18. J 19. I 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要探讨人们热衷文学周年纪念的原因：它能凝聚大众、带动文旅经济。作家的知名度逐步提升，最终也会催生各类纪念活动。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：首先，文学纪念日意义重大，它们能唤起群体与文化中的共同自豪感和团结意识。空格前为a feeling of，需填入名词，与前面的a shared sense of pride（共同的自豪感）构成并列。unity“团结，统一”为名词与“自豪感”语义呼应，符合语境。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：纪念仪式等习俗正是这种情感的具象表达。空格位于定冠词the和名词presentation之间，需填入形容词作定语。前文提到的“怀旧情绪”是抽象感受，而周年庆典这类仪式是这种情绪的具体、实体化的体现， physical为形容词，意为“实体的，具体的”，符合语境。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正因如此，也许爱好者们穿上各种服饰，仿佛穿越时空回到那个年代，以此与当下枯燥乏味的现实形成对比。空格修饰名词time，需填入形容词；in contrast to表示 “与……形成对比”，前文提到人们沉浸在“辉煌的过去”，与之相对的当下自然是乏味无趣的，boring“乏味的，无聊的”为形容词，符合古今对比的感情色彩。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些周年纪念活动当然具有全球吸引力，整个营销活动都围绕重要日期展开。空格前为a global，需填入可数名词单数。后文提到“完整的营销活动围绕重要日期展开”，说明文学纪念日是具有全球吸引力的热点事件；draw作名词时特指“有吸引力的人/事物”，符合语境。 【15题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：例如，2017年不仅被英国旅游局宣布为“文学英雄之年”，还推出了互动式“神奇英国”宣传活动，以庆祝《哈利·波特》第一本书出版20周年。句子为被动语态was + 过去分词 + by，需填入动词过去分词。be declared as是固定搭配，意为 “被宣布为”，符合语境。 【16题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：例如，2017年不仅被英国旅游局宣布为“文学英雄之年”，还推出了互动式“神奇英国”宣传活动，以庆祝《哈利·波特》第一本书出版20周年。句子为被动语态was + 过去分词，需填入动词过去分词。主语是campaign（活动），launch a campaign是固定搭配，意为“发起一项活动”，被动形式campaign was launched符合语法与句意。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：流行书籍和作家的周年纪念促进了当地和国家的经济，因为游客们从作者的出生地到他们的家和坟墓都涌向了这些地方。空格在状语从句中作谓语，主语为visitors，需填入动词原形。前文提到“带动地方和国家经济”，对应逻辑是游客大量涌入相关地点；flood to + 地点是常用表达，意为“大量涌入某地”，贴合语境。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：但为何有些作者在公众记忆中比其他作者更持久？空格在特殊疑问句中作谓语，有助动词do，需填入动词原形。stick in one’s imagination/mind是固定搭配，意为 “在某人的印象/想象中经久留存、深入人心”，符合语境。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：作家兼学者H.J.杰克逊在她的书中指出，人们通常是从一本作者作品的合集开始认识他的，然后才会对他的传记、翻译和改编产生兴趣。空格位于宾语从句句首作主语，需填入名词。后文描述了“作品集出版→传记、译本出现→进入教材→成立协会→举办周年庆典”的过程，这是大众对作家认可度逐步提升的完整路径，recognition为名词，意为“认可，声名”，符合语境。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：作家兼学者H.J.杰克逊在她的书中指出，人们通常是从一本作者作品的合集开始认识他的，然后才会对他的传记、翻译和改编产生兴趣。空格与biographies, translations并列，需填入同类名词。传记、译本都是文学作品的衍生形式，adaptations（影视 / 戏剧等改编作品）同样属于作品衍生内容，语义范畴一致。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In the past in Britain, shoppers were used to supermarket prices staying pretty much the same. Rises or falls rarely happened and most goods stayed at the same price for days, possibly for weeks or months. All that, however, is changing in Britain. Recent researches in Britain suggest that fixed prices in supermarkets will be gone, replaced by ever changing prices dependent on the demand. This has become possible thanks to electronic shelf-edge labels which can change ____21____. But is price changing in British supermarkets really that unusual? Some goods are already ____22____ demand pricing. Fresh goods, such as fish, change prices all the time depending on what is available at the market and what fishing boats have managed to land. Customers are familiar with ____23____ shelves in supermarkets, as supermarkets have to react to protect their profit. ____24____ prices on goods as they get close to their shelf-life is a way of protecting some of their investments before they have to ____25____ the goods, with zero return on the investments. But the new idea of constantly changing prices is a(n) ____26____ theory. The concept of prices being able to change at the touch of a button — or at the mercy of a computer algorithm — presents many other opportunities for supermarkets. They have already collected vast data on us. They could also know by which lane we are ____27____ using the GPS on mobile phones or even tracking the shopping baskets we use. Combining these data, they will be able to change the prices of goods matching the current customer ____28____ in the supermarket. They may even be able to target individual consumers, by providing special offers that are ____29____ to them. They might _____30_____ customers to a deal through a screen attached to the shopping basket or via a mobile phone app. In these ways, they can greatly raise the purchase rate. The challenge for the supermarkets is how best to make use of the technology without being viewed _____31_____. Supermarkets are trying their best to make customers feel that they are having an enjoyable shopping experience without the feeling of being _____32_____. That means that marketing strategies will be put in place to make the consumers feel as if they are being offered benefits thanks to the new technology. That might include _____33_____ membership points, deals and individual special offers. Combining these with ever-better shopping experiences such as reduced queues at checkouts, supermarkets hide their ultimate aim to seek _____34_____. Therefore, customers, are you ready for the _____35_____ hand of the marketeers? 21. A. instantly B. mainly C. mistakenly D. willingly 22. A. engaged to B. subject to C. attached to D. known to 23. A. display B. public C. bargain D. craft 24. A. Maintaining B. Balancing C. Withdrawing D. Reducing 25. A. throw away B. pile up C. draw on D. dig out 26. A. expensive B. fashionable C. old D. different 27. A. calculating B. browsing C. enduring D. cleaning 28. A. profile B. age C. profession D. integrity 29. A. equivalent B. unique C. strange D. decent 30. A. adapt B. reduce C. alert D. devote 31. A. sympathetically B. competitively C. negatively D. completely 32. A. exploited B. isolated C. treated D. comforted 33. A. legal B. extra C. native D. conventional 34. A. loyalty B. credit C. profit D. stability 35. A. vital B. normal C. formal D. invisible 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了英国超市价格将随需求动态变化的新趋势，通过电子标签、数据分析等技术实现个性化定价和促销，旨在提升利润和顾客体验，但需应对顾客隐私和负面观感挑战。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：这得益于电子货架标签，它们可以立即更换价格。A. instantly立即地；B. mainly主要地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. willingly愿意地。根据前文“ever changing prices dependent on the demand”可知，价格会根据需求不断变化，电子标签是能即时变价。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一些商品已经受需求定价支配。A. engaged to从事；B. subject to受……支配；C. attached to附属于；D. known to为……所知。根据后文“Fresh goods, such as fish, change prices all the time depending on what is available at the market and what fishing boats have managed to land.”可知，生鲜商品价格受市场需求波动影响，由此表明一些商品已经受需求定价支配。be subject to是固定搭配，意为“受……支配/取决于”，与demand pricing搭配表示“受需求定价影响”。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：顾客对超市里的特价货架很熟悉，因为超市必须采取措施来保护自己的利润。A. display展示；B. public公共的；C. bargain特价/讨价还价；D. craft工艺。根据后文“supermarkets have to react to protect their profit”及后文“________ prices on goods as they get close to their shelf-life is a way of protecting some of their investments”可知，为了确保收益，超市会对临期商品降低价格，这是因为顾客非常熟悉特价货架区。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在商品接近保质期时降低价格，是超市在商品必须被丢弃、导致投资血本无归之前保护部分投资的一种方式。A. Maintaining维持；B. Balancing平衡；C. Withdrawing撤回；D. Reducing降低。根据后文“protecting some of their investments”可知，临期商品需要降价以减少损失。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。A. throw away扔掉；B. pile up堆积；C. draw on利用；D. dig out挖出。根据后文“with zero return on the investments.”可知，临期商品卖不掉就只能扔掉，此时投资回报为零，因此超市会在商品必须被丢弃、零回报之前对临期商品进行降价处理。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这种不断变价的新想法是一个不同的理论。A. expensive昂贵的；B. fashionable时尚的；C. old旧的；D. different不同的。根据前文论述，部分商品已用需求定价这是旧的做法，同时根据前文“constantly changing prices” 可知，动态定价是一种新的想法，与传统做法不同。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们还可以通过手机上的GPS了解我们浏览的是哪条车道，甚至追踪我们使用的购物篮。A. calculating计算；B. browsing浏览/逛；C. enduring忍受；D. cleaning打扫。根据后文“using the GPS on mobile phones or even tracking the shopping baskets we use”可知，超市可以通过手机上的GPS追踪顾客，确定顾客在浏览哪个通道（闲逛购物）。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：结合这些数据，他们将能够根据超市中当前顾客画像（消费特征）调整商品价格。A. profile画像；B. age年龄；C. profession职业；D. integrity诚信。根据前文“Combining these data, they will be able to change the prices of goods”可知，超时通过整合数据生成用户画像，实现精准定价。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们甚至能够针对特定消费者，提供专属于他们的独特优惠。A. equivalent等价的；B. unique独特的/专属于；C. strange奇怪的；D. decent得体的。根据前文“They may even be able to target individual consumers”可知，超市针对个性化优惠需满足“独特定制”属性。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们可能会通过购物篮旁的屏幕或手机应用程序向顾客推送优惠信息。A. adapt适应；B. reduce减少；C. alert提醒；D. devote奉献。根据后文“through a screen attached to the shopping basket or via a mobile phone app.”可知，超市通过设备提醒顾客促销信息。alert sb to sth是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人注意某事”。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：超市的挑战是如何使用技术而不被负面地看待。A. sympathetically同情地；B. competitively竞争地；C. negatively负面地；D. completely完全地。根据后文“Supermarkets are trying their best to make customers feel that they are having an enjoyable shopping experience”可知，超市正竭尽全力让顾客感受到愉快的购物体验是因为超市需避免被消费者负面看待。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：超市正竭尽全力让顾客感觉购物愉快，同时避免产生被利用的感觉。A. exploited利用/剥削；B. isolated孤立；C. treated对待；D. comforted安慰。根据前文“They could also know by which lane we are ________ using the GPS on mobile phones or even tracking the shopping baskets we use.”可知，超市针对特定个体消费者，以及使用GPS追踪等手段，过度数据使用可能引发顾客们有被利用的感受。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这可能包括额外的会员积分、优惠等。A. legal合法的；B. extra额外的；C. native本地的；D. conventional传统的。根据前文“make the consumers feel as if they are being offered benefits thanks to the new technology.”可知，超市为了让消费者感觉他们正因新技术而获得好处，因此超市会提供附加福利。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：结合诸如收银台排队减少等越来越好的购物体验，超市隐藏了其最终追求利润的意图。A. loyalty忠诚；B. credit信用；C. profit利润；D. stability稳定。根据前文“supermarkets hide their ultimate aim”可知，超市的最终目的是为了追求利润。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你准备好面对营销者的看不见的手了吗？A. vital至关重要的；B. normal正常的；C. formal正式的；D. invisible看不见的。根据前文“They could also know by which lane we are ________ using the GPS on mobile phones or even tracking the shopping baskets we use.”以及“supermarkets hide their ultimate aim”可知，超市的运行的过程中，技术在幕后悄然运作（GPS追踪、电子标签变价等），顾客几乎感知不到，“无形之手”隐喻市场机制对消费者的隐性影响。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) “Ouch!” I cried. My handphone was nowhere in sight, leaving me with no way of calling for help. I was trapped in my car alone. It all happened in a flash. I had hit my brakes hard to avoid hitting a goat that was running across the road. To my horror, the car crashed onto a lamppost near the crossing of Mandai Road and Yishun Road. Without my glasses, I was lost. When there was no smoke indicating no immediate disaster, I breathed a sigh of relief. Just then, a boy rushed over from across the road despite his friends shouting out to him about the oncoming traffic. “Madam, are you all right?” the boy asked gently. He introduced himself as Ashvin and I asked him to help me look for my glasses. I was thankful when he found my glasses at the rear seat. When I put on my glasses, I saw Ashvin’s friends looking at us from afar. Ashvin was determined to stay by my car to comfort me. I smiled weakly and thanked him. From my car, I saw the goat’s horns stuck between the green metal fences by the side of the road. The goat must have been frightened by the loud bang and had charged into the metal fences. Eventually, it somehow managed to free itself and ran into the woods nearby. Not far away, I could see several bystanders using their handphones to film the scene. They must be taking pictures to post on social media about this accident. However, shouldn’t they be helping someone in need? I was upset. Just then, someone in the crowd shouted, “Watch out! The lamppost is falling!” The lamppost hit by my car was leaning towards my vehicle. Fear took over my body. “Oh no!” I cried. Death seemed to be a certainty. To my surprise, many drivers got out of their cars and rushed forward to support the lamppost. They took turns to hold up the lamppost until help arrived. Soon, the maintenance-workers reached the scene. They used equipment to support the lamppost. After a few minutes, an ambulance arrived and I was wheeled into the ambulance. I finally managed to escape with minor injuries. That was when I realized how lucky I had been. 36. What caused the car accident? A. Making a phone call while driving. B. Loss of view caused by the missing glasses. C. The malfunctioning of the brakes. D. The intention to avoid hitting an animal. 37. In paragraph 1, the author breathed in relief because ________. A. a boy would rush to her aid B. there was a slight chance of an explosion C. she wasn’t hurt badly D. the oncoming traffic was not busy 38. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The author’s glasses were broken. B. The author managed to free the goat from the fences. C. The accident was reported on social media. D. The car crash made the lamppost lean down. 39. The author finally escaped death as ________. A. several drivers prevented the lamppost from falling down B. the lamppost wasn’t heavy enough to hurt her badly C. She ran to avoid the hit of the lamppost D. an ambulance arrived in time to save her life 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者驾车时为躲避一只横穿马路的山羊而撞上灯柱，被困车内。一位名叫Ashvin的男孩主动前来安慰并帮作者找到眼镜，随后灯柱倾斜欲倒，多名司机挺身而出支撑灯柱，最终作者获救并仅受轻伤的故事。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I had hit my brakes hard to avoid hitting a goat that was running across the road. To my horror, the car crashed onto a lamppost near the crossing of Mandai Road and Yishun Road.(我猛踩刹车以避免撞到一只正在横穿马路的山羊。令我惊恐的是，车子撞上了万礼路与义顺路交叉口附近的一根灯柱)”可知，事故的原因是作者为了躲避一只动物（山羊）而紧急刹车，导致车辆失控撞上灯柱。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When there was no smoke indicating no immediate disaster, I breathed a sigh of relief.(当没有看到烟雾，表明没有即刻的灾难时，我松了一口气)”可知，作者松了一口气是因为没有看到烟雾，意味着几乎没有爆炸的危险。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Just then, someone in the crowd shouted, 'Watch out! The lamppost is falling!' The lamppost hit by my car was leaning towards my vehicle.(就在这时，人群中有人喊道：“小心！灯柱要倒了！”被我的车撞到的灯柱正朝我的车倾斜)”可知，是车祸导致灯柱倾斜欲倒。根据文章内容可知，眼镜并未损坏，只是掉在了后座；山羊是自己挣脱围栏跑掉的；文中只提到路人拍照准备发社交媒体，并未说事故已被报道。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To my surprise, many drivers got out of their cars and rushed forward to support the lamppost. They took turns to hold up the lamppost until help arrived.(令我惊讶的是，许多司机下车冲上前去支撑灯柱。他们轮流托住灯柱，直到救援人员到达)”可知，作者最终逃脱死亡是因为多名司机及时支撑住了灯柱，防止其倒下砸中车辆。 (B) Where to go roller-skating (轮滑) in Europe: the best destinations Helsinki, Finland — For coastal routes A big Roller game was started in Helsinki, but Marja Zilcher, founder of Rebel Rollers Helsinki, wasn’t keen on the contact sport’s competitive nature, so she formed her own group. Rebel Rollers Helsinki skates indoors every Sunday. Zilcher runs informal classes and tours, too, warming up on the western side of Töölö Bay, which has views of the Opera House. The eastern side is hilly, which is only suitable for experienced skaters. London, UK — For all levels Being skilled at managing stops, turns and controlling speed is the requirement for participating in the UK capital’s free skate events, London Friday Night Skate and Sunday Stroll. Both attract hundreds of skaters who skate along routes ranging around Camden, Barnes and Putney. Beginners can also have fun in London. They can learn the basics at Roller Nation or practice on their own. Berlin, Germany — For inline skaters Berlin-based instructor Oumi Janta went popular in social media for her beautiful skating moves in buttercup yellow shorts and is credited for kickstarting the city’s roller-skating fever. Skaters can tour Flaeming Skate, a network of eight paths covering 140 miles through forests, grasslands and villages. Inline skates, which have four wheels in a line, are also popular in the city. This year, skaters can participate in Generali Berlin Half Marathon on 3 April, 30 July and 25 September. “Only in Berlin can you skate throughout the city, right past all the sights, making the longest skating journey in Europe,” says one skater. “The finish line is behind the Brandenburg Gate.” Vienna, Austria — ______________ In Vienna, more people are choosing to roller-skate because it’s a sustainable form of transport. Gerhard Ladstätter organizes Vienna’s Friday Night Skating, a free event that attracts 2,500 people between May and October. He says, “The idea behind Friday Night Skating was and still is easy: take back the streets from cars. We want to move without burning fuel.” The event starts at the Prince Eugene Statue. Routes vary. Beginners can skate past picnickers and outdoor cafes along the Donaukanal — the section after Friedensbrücke Metro is the quietest. Middle-level skaters can deal with Donauinsel Island, a man-made island with gardens. 40. According to the passage, skaters looking for long-distance skating can skate in ________. A. Helsinki, Finland B. London, UK C. Berlin, Germany D. Vienna, Austria 41. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Rebel Rollers Helsinki tend to launch competitive events. B. London’s free skate events are suitable for beginners. C. Oumi Janta began the rollerskating craze in Berlin. D. Donauinsel Island in Vienna is designed for beginners. 42. Which of the following best fits as the subtitle for Vienna, Austria? A. For entertainment seekers B. For beginners C. For quiet skaters D. For eco-fighters 【答案】40. C 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了欧洲四个最适合轮滑的目的地，分别说明了每个地点的特点与适合的轮滑人群等信息。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Only in Berlin can you skate throughout the city, right past all the sights, making the longest skating journey in Europe,(只有在柏林，你才能滑过整座城市，滑过所有景点，完成欧洲最长的滑行之旅。)”可知，想要长距离滑行的人可以在德国的柏林滑冰。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Berlin-based instructor Oumi Janta went popular in social media for her beautiful skating moves in buttercup yellow shorts and is credited for kickstarting the city’s roller-skating fever.(柏林教练Oumi Janta因穿着毛茛黄短裤展示优美滑冰动作在社交媒体走红，并被誉为掀起该市轮滑热潮的推手。)”可知，Oumi Janta在柏林掀起了轮滑热潮。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段维也纳夜滑组织者格哈德所说的话“The idea behind Friday Night Skating was and still is easy: take back the streets from cars. We want to move without burning fuel.(周五夜滑的理念过去和现在都很简单：从汽车手中夺回街道。我们希望在无需燃烧燃料的情况下移动。)”可知，奥地利维也纳的轮滑适合想要环保的滑行者，即环保斗士 —— For eco-fighters。 (C) Historians have long thought that Queen Meret-Neith was the most powerful woman in Egypt around 3,000 BC. Now, archeologists (考古学家) have found new evidence that indicates she may have been ancient Egypt’s first female ruler. Before their discovery, that honor belonged to Queen Hatshepsut (1507 BC-1458 BC). Queen Meret-Neith was the wife of King Djet and the mother of their son, King Den. Her grave complex in Abydos, Egypt, was first discovered in 1900 alongside the graves of 41 servants, which matches the burial standard of a king. However, it was only recently that a team led by Christiana Köhler from the University of Vienna began digging the queen’s burial grave. To their surprise, they found many grave goods usually reserved for kings. Among them were hundreds of 5,000-year-old wine jars. Many were sealed and contained remains of wine and grape seeds. Additionally, words found inside the grave indicated that the queen was responsible for central government offices such as the Treasury, which were usually ruled by kings. Previously, Meret-Neith’s name had been found on a list of Egypt’s ancient kings in her son’s grave. It was followed by the title “king’s mother.” This, together with the new evidence, led Köhler’s team to conclude that Meret-Neith may have been Egypt’s first female ruler. The team guess that she took over for a few years after the death of her husband since her son was too young to rule. But not everyone agrees with the new theory. Some experts argue that women were not accepted as leaders in ancient Egypt, especially this early on. “Wives and daughters were not typically considered in terms of royal succession (继承),” Dr. Margaret Maitland, an expert said. Köhler is not surprised by the dubiety. “There is indeed a lot of debate among scholars as the evidence is not entirely conclusive,” she says. And even if she had the authority of one, Meret-Neith would not have been called a “pharaoh.” The gender-neutral title, which translates to “great house,” is believed to have been first adopted much later by Queen Hatshepsut. 43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the proof of Queen Meret-Neith’s ruler identity? A. The number of her servant graves met a king’s standard. B. The goods reserved for a king were found in her grave. C. Young king’s mothers were rulers in ancient Egypt. D. Words in grave showed that her responsibility matched a king’s. 44. The underlined word “dubiety” is closest in meaning to ________. A. disbelief B. hatred C. humor D. test 45. The first female in Egypt to be named “pharaoh” was ________. A. Queen Meret-Neith. B. Queen Hatshepsut. C. Christiana Köhler. D. None of the above. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The life achievements of the ancient Egyptian Queen Meret-Neith. B. The relationship between Queen Meret-Neith and her son. C. The ruling succession system of ancient Egypt. D. Queen Meret-Neith’s ruling identity supported by new evidence. 【答案】43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了新考古发现，支持女王Meret-Neith可能是古埃及首位女统治者的观点，并提及学界对此的争议和质疑。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Her grave complex in Abydos, Egypt, was first discovered in 1900 alongside the graves of 41 servants, which matches the burial standard of a king.(她位于埃及阿比多斯的墓葬群于1900年首次被发现，墓中还陪葬着41名仆人，这符合国王的下葬规格)”可知，A项“The number of her servant graves met a king’s standard. (仆人数目符合国王标准)”是证据之一；根据第三段中“To their surprise, they found many grave goods usually reserved for kings. (令他们惊讶的是，他们发现了许多通常只属于国王的陪葬品)”可知，B项“The goods reserved for a king were found in her grave.( 国王所珍藏的物品被发现了，就在她的坟墓里)”国王专用随葬品出现在该坟墓中，这也是证据；根据第三段中“Additionally, words found inside the grave indicated that the queen was responsible for central government offices such as the Treasury, which were usually ruled by kings.( 此外，墓穴内的文字表明，这位女王负责管理财政部等中央政府机构，而这些机构通常由国王掌管)”可知，D项“Words in grave showed that her responsibility matched a king’s.( 墓中铭文表明，她的责任与君王相当)”可知，墓中文字显示其职责与国王一致，这也是证据。而C项“Young king’s mothers were rulers in ancient Egypt.( 年轻的国王的母亲们是古埃及的统治者)”在文中并未提及。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“But not everyone agrees with the new theory. Some experts argue that women were not accepted as leaders in ancient Egypt, especially this early on. (但并非所有人都认同这一新理论。一些专家认为，女性在古埃及并未被接受为领导者，尤其是在早期阶段)”以及后文Köhler所说“There is indeed a lot of debate among scholars as the evidence is not entirely conclusive(学者们对此确实存在诸多争议，因为证据尚未完全定论)”可知，因为证据尚未完全定论，因此对于该结论存在很多怀疑，Köhler对此提到的怀疑并不感到意外。划线词dubiety意为“怀疑、不确定”，与A选项“disbelief(不信、怀疑)”意思最接近。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And even if she had the authority of one, Meret-Neith would not have been called a “pharaoh.” The gender-neutral title, which translates to “great house,” is believed to have been first adopted much later by Queen Hatshepsut.(即使她拥有统治者的权力，Meret-Neith也不会被称为“法老”。这个性别中性的头衔，意为“伟大之家”，据信是由后来的女王Hatshepsut首次采用的)”可知，第一个使用pharaoh这一中性头衔的女性是Queen Hatshepsut。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕考古学家发现的新证据展开，这些证据表明Queen Meret-Neith可能是古埃及第一位女性统治者，同时也呈现了学界对此的争议。文章开头“Now, archaeologists (考古学家) have found new evidence that indicates she may have been ancient Egypt’s first female ruler. Before their discovery, that honor belonged to Queen Hatshepsut (1507 BC-1458 BC).(如今，考古学家发现了新的证据，表明她可能是古埃及的第一位女统治者。在他们发现之前，这个荣誉属于女王Hatshepsut公元前1507年-公元前1458年）)”点名主旨，后文围绕证据和争议展开。D选项“Queen Meret-Neith’s ruling identity supported by new evidence.(新证据支持了女王Meret-Neith的统治身份)”概括文章内容，符合题意。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Thousands of deer, and other large animals move across Colorado each year. They feed in the lowlands during winter and return to the mountains in summer. But their paths often cross busy highways. ____47____ One of the risky spots is Interstate 25 between the towns of Larkspur and Monument. More than 100,000 vehicles pass there every day. With six lanes cutting through thousands of acres (英亩) of wildlife habitats, crashes between animals and cars are all too common. To make the area safer, the district is building the Greenland Wildlife Overpass. Expected to be completed by December next year, it connects 39,000 acres of protected land on one side with more than a million acres of forest on the other. Measuring 209 feet (63 m) long and 200 feet (61 m) wide, the overpass will cover 41,800 square feet (3,883 sq. m). ____48____ Once ready, it will be covered with soil and native plants. This will allow the overpass to mix in with the surrounding landscape. Wildlife fencing built along the highway will help guide animals to the crossing. The district expects the overpass to reduce wildlife-vehicle accidents by up to 90 percent. “This was a place where we were seeing a pretty high incidence of crashes,” said district official Shoshana Lew. “____49____ Therefore, part of the reason why we need a more comprehensive structure is to make sure that they will actually use it.” The Greenland Wildlife Overpass is the latest example of Colorado’s efforts to help wildlife. The state has built more than a hundred such structures to help animals cross highways safely. Other states are also taking action. The Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing in Los Angeles, California, will span 10 lanes of Highway 101. ____50____ A. More and more animals are passing by. B. The mass of its area is in contrast to safety measures. C. These projects show that humans and animals can coexist safely. D. Fund for wildlife fencing is, for the time being, not available. E. This can make their journeys very dangerous. F. This makes it the world’s largest wildlife bridge by area. 【答案】47. E 48. F 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】文章以客观、平实的语言，围绕“野生动物通道 (Wildlife Overpass)”这一主题，详细介绍了其建设背景、具体工程数据、设计原理以及实际应用案例。 【47题详解】 空格前“Thousands of deer, and other large animals move across Colorado each year. They feed in the lowlands during winter and return to the mountains in summer. But their paths often cross busy highways.(每年有成千上万的鹿和其他大型动物在科罗拉多州迁徙。它们冬天在低地觅食，夏天返回山区。但它们的路径经常穿过繁忙的公路。)”提到动物迁徙路径与公路交叉，空格后“One of the risky spots is Interstate 25 between the towns of Larkspur and Monument.(其中一个危险路段是拉克斯珀和莫纽门特镇之间的25号州际公路。)”开始举例说明具体的危险路段。E选项“This can make their journeys very dangerous.(这会让它们的迁徙之旅变得非常危险。)”中的“This”指代前文“动物路径穿过繁忙公路”的情况，既承接了前文描述的“迁徙路径与公路交叉”的事实，又自然引出后文“危险路段”的具体例子，完美衔接上下文。 【48题详解】 空格前“Measuring 209 feet (63 m) long and 200 feet (61 m) wide, the overpass will cover 41,800 square feet (3,883 sq. m).(这座天桥长209英尺（63米），宽200英尺（61米），占地面积41,800平方英尺（3,883平方米）。)”详细介绍了天桥的尺寸数据，空格后“Once ready, it will be covered with soil and native plants.(建成后，它将覆盖土壤和本地植物。)”开始描述天桥建成后的样子。F选项“This makes it the world’s largest wildlife bridge by area.(这使它成为世界上面积最大的野生动物桥。)”中的“This”指代前文提到的“41,800平方英尺”这个数据，对该数据进行了总结性评价，同时也能自然过渡到后文对天桥后续建设的描述，逻辑通顺。 【49题详解】 空格前“This was a place where we were seeing a pretty high incidence of crashes,(这是一个我们目睹事故发生率相当高的地方，)”引用官员的话说明该路段事故高发，空格后“Therefore, part of the reason why we need a more comprehensive structure is to make sure that they will actually use it.(因此，我们需要一个更全面的结构，部分原因是为了确保动物们真的会使用它。)”用“Therefore”引出结论，说明需要更全面的结构。A选项“More and more animals are passing by.(越来越多的动物经过这里。)”解释了事故高发的原因——动物数量增多，同时也能与后文的“they will actually use it”形成呼应，说明动物数量多所以需要确保它们使用天桥，逻辑衔接紧密。 【50题详解】 空格前“The state has built more than a hundred such structures to help animals cross highways safely. Other states are also taking action. The Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing in Los Angeles, California, will span 10 lanes of Highway 101.(该州已经修建了一百多座这样的建筑，帮助动物安全穿越公路。其他州也在采取行动。加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的沃利斯·安纳伯格野生动物通道将横跨101号公路的10条车道。)”列举了科罗拉多州和其他州的野生动物通道建设成果，空格位于文章末尾。C选项“These projects show that humans and animals can coexist safely.(这些项目表明，人类和动物可以安全共存。)”中的“These projects”指代前文提到的“一百多座建筑”和“沃利斯·安纳伯格野生动物通道”等各类项目，对全文进行总结升华，点明“人与动物和谐共存”的主题，符合文章结尾的收束功能。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. New “Superfood” Could Save Honey Bee Colonies (群) In many people’s eyes, honey bees are ordinary or even unnoticeable creatures in nature. However, they pollinate (授粉) the flowers of many fruits and vegetables, supporting about 30 percent of the world’s crops. In the US alone, the tiny insects help produce $15 billion worth of food each year. “We rely on honey bees to pollinate one in three bites of our food,” says Danielle Downey of the non-profit Project Apis. But the species is in trouble. Last year, the US lost more than half of its bee colonies. This is the highest annual loss since record-keeping began in 2010. The situation is just as serious in other parts of the world. Studies show that many countries are experiencing an average colony loss of around 30 percent every year. The major challenge is nutrition. Bees need a variety of flowering plants to obtain nutrients, like specific sterols (甾醇), found in pollen. But these plants are becoming scarce. Additionally, warming temperatures are causing many plants to blossom earlier or later than usual. If bees are not out eating when the flowers open, they can miss their main sources of food. To address this problem, researchers at Oxford University in England have developed a new “superfood.” It contains six essential sterols found in pollen, providing bees with the nutrients they need. The researchers conducted a three-month trial to test the food and the results were striking. Colonies on the enriched diet produced up to 15 times more bees than those on the regular diet The team hope to make the superfood available to beekeepers and farmers by the next year. Beyond honey bees, it could also help other pollinators, protecting food supplies worldwide. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Honey bees, vital pollinators supporting 30% of global crops, face severe colony losses due to nutritional shortage and climate-disrupted flowering. Oxford’s new “superfood,” containing six essential sterols, increased colony populations 15-fold in trials and may reach beekeepers next year to safeguard worldwide food production. 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了蜜蜂对全球农作物授粉的关键作用，指出蜂群因营养匮乏和气候变暖而急剧减少，并说明牛津大学研究人员已开发出一种含六种必需甾醇的“超级食物”，试验显示其能显著增加蜂群数量，有望明年推广以保护全球粮食供应。 【详解】1. 要点摘录： ①Honey bees pollinate about 30% of world crops, contributing $15 billion annually in the US alone. ②US lost over half its colonies last year, the highest since 2010; global average loss around 30%. ③Major challenge is nutrition: flowering plants with essential sterols are scarce, and warming temperatures disrupt blooming-pollination timing. ④Oxford researchers developed “superfood” with six essential sterols; three-month trial showed colonies produced up to 15 times more bees. ⑤Superfood expected available by next year, potentially helping other pollinators and protecting global food supplies. 2. 缜密构思：将①②压缩为“重要性+危机现状”，将③独立为“原因分析”，将④⑤整合为“解决方案+效果+前景”，形“背景—问题—对策”结构。 3. 遣词造句： Honey bees, vital pollinators supporting 30% of global crops, face severe colony losses due to nutritional shortage and climate-disrupted flowering. Oxford’s new “superfood,” containing six essential sterols, increased colony populations 15-fold in trials and may reach beekeepers next year to safeguard worldwide food production. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Honey bees, vital pollinators supporting 30% of global crops, face severe colony losses due to nutritional shortage and climate-disrupted flowering. 运用同位语vital pollinators和现在分词supporting压缩“重要性”信息，due to引出双重原因，表达高度凝练。 【高分句型2】Oxford’s new “superfood,” containing six essential sterols, increased colony populations 15-fold in trials and may reach beekeepers next year to safeguard worldwide food production. 现在分词containing作后置定语，15-fold精准表达“15倍”，不定式to safeguard表目的，层次分明。 第II部分（共40分） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 初夏，漫山遍野开满了各种叫不出名的野花。(grow) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In early summer, all over the mountains and plains grow all kinds of unknown wild flowers. 【解析】 【详解】“初夏”可翻译为in early summer；“漫山遍野”可翻译为all over the mountains and plains，表示地点的状语位于句首时，可使用完全倒装结构；“开满”可用grow，作谓语；“各种”可翻译为all kinds of；“叫不出名的野花”可翻译为unknown wild flowers。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语flowers为复数，所以倒装时直接将谓语grow提到主语前。 53. 他一走出实验室，就脱下手套，用肥皂反复洗手。(wash) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As soon as he walked out of the laboratory, he took off his gloves and washed his hands repeatedly with soap. 【解析】 【详解】句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“一……就……”用as soon as引导时间状语从句；“走出实验室”为walk out of the laboratory，从句翻译为as soon as he walked out of the laboratory；“脱下手套”用固定短语take off the gloves；“用肥皂反复洗手” 为 wash his hands repeatedly with soap，两个动作为顺承关系，用and连接，因此主语翻译为he took off his gloves and washed his hands repeatedly with soap。 54. 花卉展览会刚刚开幕，市民们就迫不及待地从全城各处涌向现场。(open) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hardly had the flower exhibition opened when citizens couldn’t wait to rush to the site from all over the city. 【解析】 【详解】“花卉展览会”表达为flower exhibition；“开幕”用给定单词open，此处open作不及物动词；“迫不及待做某事”表达为couldn’t wait to do sth.；“从全城各处”表达为from all over the city；“涌向现场”表达为rush to the site。“花卉展览会开幕”这个动作发生在“市民涌向现场”之前，描述过去发生的动作，描述“刚……就……”常用hardly...when...结构，hardly置于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，主句用过去完成时，将助动词had提到主语前，从句用一般过去时。 55. 不管她多忙，她每天都会抽出一些时间陪伴孩子，努力维系和谐的家庭氛围。(however) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】However busy she is, she spares some time every day to accompany her children and tries to maintain a harmonious family atmosphere. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意以及句子要求提示可知，题干要求用however，它引导让步状语从句的固定结构为however + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语，对应“不管她多忙”，因此从句译为However busy she is，从句放句首后需加逗号。主句中，表示“每天都会抽出一些时间做某事”应为动词短语spare some time every day to do sth；表示“陪伴她的孩子”应为动词短语accompany her children；表示“努力维系和谐的家庭氛围”应为动词短语try to maintain a harmonious family atmosphere；句子描述日常习惯性行为，应为一般现在时。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是李华，你的学校拟建造一间专用教室（specialized classroom）。共有三个备选方案：①电子阅览室（e-library）；②心理咨询室（Psychological Counseling Room）；③舞蹈房（Dance Studio）。给校长写信，信中必须包括： 1．你建议建造的专用教室； 2．你的理由； 3．你对该专用教室的设计建议。 （信中不得出现学生姓名，学校等真实信息） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Principal, I’m writing to put forward my suggestion on the new specialized classroom our school plans to build. I strongly recommend we construct a Psychological Counseling Room instead of the other two options. In my opinion, mental health is as important as academic performance. Many students experience stress, anxiety, or confusion but have nowhere to talk privately. A dedicated counseling room would provide a safe and professional space where students can express their feelings freely. This will help prevent serious emotional problems and encourage a healthier school atmosphere. As for the design, I suggest using soft lighting, comfortable chairs and warm colors on the walls to create a relaxing environment. A small bookshelf with mental health reading materials and a noise-proof layout would also be necessary to ensure privacy. Thanks for considering my suggestion. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生在学校提出的拟建造一个专用教室的备选方案中给出自己的建议和理由，并提出设计建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 提出：put forward → come up with 困惑：confusion → puzzlement 阻止：prevent → hinder 考虑：consider → take...into consideration/take...into account 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：A dedicated counseling room would provide a safe and professional space where students can express their feelings freely. This will help prevent serious emotional problems and encourage a healthier school atmosphere. 拓展句：A dedicated counseling room would provide a safe and professional space where students can express their feelings freely, which will help prevent serious emotional problems and encourage a healthier school atmosphere. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I strongly recommend we construct a Psychological Counseling Room instead of the other two options. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句，且从句使用了虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】A dedicated counseling room would provide a safe and professional space where students can express their feelings freely. (运用了关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语 （满分 115 分，时间 105 分钟） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Shopping: Good for Children’s Brains Children may get angry and play up when being dragged around the shops by their parents, but shopping therapy (疗法) is actually good for their brains. The interaction between child and parent while shopping helps young kids develop social skills and promotes happiness ____1____ a crying baby shows few signs of it at the time. According to the joint study by Oxford University and the Open University, the shopping trip is just as helpful for the child’s development as painting or drawing activities. In addition, shopping, compared with watching TV and reading, ____2____ (consider) greatly beneficial to a child’s social skills. The two universities made these conclusions after studying the results of a survey in Germany. This survey looked into the daily routines and habits of 800 parents with two-and three-year-olds. It recorded higher ____3____ (perceive) levels of happiness among the children who had taken part in activities such as art and craft, and shopping. Researchers Professor Paul Anand and Dr Laurence Roope added that the more shopping therapies the kids were exposed to, the ____4____ (developed) their everyday skills became. When looking into ____5____ shopping therapy ranked high in benefits, researchers pointed to the fact that shopping involves changes of scenery from shop to shop, which improves the child’s motor and social skills more than a sedentary (久坐的) activity. Reading and storytelling are no doubt beneficial but ____6____ (leave) to read or watch TV on his own has a negative influence ____7____ the child’s development. Because of shopping trips, children get out of the house and into a new environment ____8____ they get visual stimulation. They’re bumping into other families and their social skills come into play and they may get the chance to do ____9____ physical in a shop like running around. The researchers now intend _____10_____ (test) their theories on older children to see what activities influence development among other age groups. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. adaptations B. boring C. declared v. D. destroyed E. draw F. flood G. launched v. H. physical I. recognition J. stick K. unity Why do we love literary anniversaries? Last year marked 250 years since the birth of the English novelist Jane Austen. This special year saw a variety of high-profile celebratory events across Britain, from film screenings, to special tours and literary talks. But why do we celebrate literary anniversaries? Why do museums, academics and the public rush to honor our favourite authors? First, literary anniversaries are significant as they create a shared sense of pride and a feeling of ____11____ within communities and cultures. As Shakespeare scholar Monika Smialkowska said, “Each event has also been an occasion for the community remembering Shakespeare to celebrate itself.” Literary anniversaries are also a main example of thirst for the past — of thinking that a place, event or period from the past is preferable to the present. Rituals such as anniversary celebrations are the ____12____ presentation of this feeling. This is the reason why enthusiasts dress up in the costumes to transport themselves back to a period in contrast to the current ____13____ time, perhaps. By reading an author’s books and visiting his house, visitors are similarly invited to step back into the brilliant past and into the writer’s world. These anniversaries are of course a global ____14____, with entire marketing campaigns centering around significant dates. For example, 2017 was not only ____15____ by Visit Britain as the Year of Literary Heroes, but an interactive Magical Britain campaign was also ____16____ to celebrate 20 years since the first Harry Potter book. Anniversaries of popular books and authors promote the local and national economy as visitors ____17____ to locations from the authors’ birthplaces to homes and graves. But why do some authors ____18____ in the public imagination more than others? Author and academic H.J. Jackson notes in her book that ____19____ usually begins with a collected edition of the author’s work, before interest develops into biographies, translations and ____20____. The texts become taught in schools. Societies are named in the author’s honor, and then finally anniversary celebrations start to celebrate his great achievements. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In the past in Britain, shoppers were used to supermarket prices staying pretty much the same. Rises or falls rarely happened and most goods stayed at the same price for days, possibly for weeks or months. All that, however, is changing in Britain. Recent researches in Britain suggest that fixed prices in supermarkets will be gone, replaced by ever changing prices dependent on the demand. This has become possible thanks to electronic shelf-edge labels which can change ____21____. But is price changing in British supermarkets really that unusual? Some goods are already ____22____ demand pricing. Fresh goods, such as fish, change prices all the time depending on what is available at the market and what fishing boats have managed to land. Customers are familiar with ____23____ shelves in supermarkets, as supermarkets have to react to protect their profit. ____24____ prices on goods as they get close to their shelf-life is a way of protecting some of their investments before they have to ____25____ the goods, with zero return on the investments. But the new idea of constantly changing prices is a(n) ____26____ theory. The concept of prices being able to change at the touch of a button — or at the mercy of a computer algorithm — presents many other opportunities for supermarkets. They have already collected vast data on us. They could also know by which lane we are ____27____ using the GPS on mobile phones or even tracking the shopping baskets we use. Combining these data, they will be able to change the prices of goods matching the current customer ____28____ in the supermarket. They may even be able to target individual consumers, by providing special offers that are ____29____ to them. They might _____30_____ customers to a deal through a screen attached to the shopping basket or via a mobile phone app. In these ways, they can greatly raise the purchase rate. The challenge for the supermarkets is how best to make use of the technology without being viewed _____31_____. Supermarkets are trying their best to make customers feel that they are having an enjoyable shopping experience without the feeling of being _____32_____. That means that marketing strategies will be put in place to make the consumers feel as if they are being offered benefits thanks to the new technology. That might include _____33_____ membership points, deals and individual special offers. Combining these with ever-better shopping experiences such as reduced queues at checkouts, supermarkets hide their ultimate aim to seek _____34_____. Therefore, customers, are you ready for the _____35_____ hand of the marketeers? 21. A. instantly B. mainly C. mistakenly D. willingly 22. A. engaged to B. subject to C. attached to D. known to 23. A. display B. public C. bargain D. craft 24. A. Maintaining B. Balancing C. Withdrawing D. Reducing 25. A. throw away B. pile up C. draw on D. dig out 26. A. expensive B. fashionable C. old D. different 27. A. calculating B. browsing C. enduring D. cleaning 28. A. profile B. age C. profession D. integrity 29. A. equivalent B. unique C. strange D. decent 30. A. adapt B. reduce C. alert D. devote 31. A. sympathetically B. competitively C. negatively D. completely 32. A. exploited B. isolated C. treated D. comforted 33. A. legal B. extra C. native D. conventional 34. A. loyalty B. credit C. profit D. stability 35. A. vital B. normal C. formal D. invisible Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) “Ouch!” I cried. My handphone was nowhere in sight, leaving me with no way of calling for help. I was trapped in my car alone. It all happened in a flash. I had hit my brakes hard to avoid hitting a goat that was running across the road. To my horror, the car crashed onto a lamppost near the crossing of Mandai Road and Yishun Road. Without my glasses, I was lost. When there was no smoke indicating no immediate disaster, I breathed a sigh of relief. Just then, a boy rushed over from across the road despite his friends shouting out to him about the oncoming traffic. “Madam, are you all right?” the boy asked gently. He introduced himself as Ashvin and I asked him to help me look for my glasses. I was thankful when he found my glasses at the rear seat. When I put on my glasses, I saw Ashvin’s friends looking at us from afar. Ashvin was determined to stay by my car to comfort me. I smiled weakly and thanked him. From my car, I saw the goat’s horns stuck between the green metal fences by the side of the road. The goat must have been frightened by the loud bang and had charged into the metal fences. Eventually, it somehow managed to free itself and ran into the woods nearby. Not far away, I could see several bystanders using their handphones to film the scene. They must be taking pictures to post on social media about this accident. However, shouldn’t they be helping someone in need? I was upset. Just then, someone in the crowd shouted, “Watch out! The lamppost is falling!” The lamppost hit by my car was leaning towards my vehicle. Fear took over my body. “Oh no!” I cried. Death seemed to be a certainty. To my surprise, many drivers got out of their cars and rushed forward to support the lamppost. They took turns to hold up the lamppost until help arrived. Soon, the maintenance-workers reached the scene. They used equipment to support the lamppost. After a few minutes, an ambulance arrived and I was wheeled into the ambulance. I finally managed to escape with minor injuries. That was when I realized how lucky I had been. 36. What caused the car accident? A. Making a phone call while driving. B. Loss of view caused by the missing glasses. C. The malfunctioning of the brakes. D. The intention to avoid hitting an animal. 37. In paragraph 1, the author breathed in relief because ________. A. a boy would rush to her aid B. there was a slight chance of an explosion C. she wasn’t hurt badly D. the oncoming traffic was not busy 38. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The author’s glasses were broken. B. The author managed to free the goat from the fences. C. The accident was reported on social media. D. The car crash made the lamppost lean down. 39. The author finally escaped death as ________. A. several drivers prevented the lamppost from falling down B. the lamppost wasn’t heavy enough to hurt her badly C. She ran to avoid the hit of the lamppost D. an ambulance arrived in time to save her life (B) Where to go roller-skating (轮滑) in Europe: the best destinations Helsinki, Finland — For coastal routes A big Roller game was started in Helsinki, but Marja Zilcher, founder of Rebel Rollers Helsinki, wasn’t keen on the contact sport’s competitive nature, so she formed her own group. Rebel Rollers Helsinki skates indoors every Sunday. Zilcher runs informal classes and tours, too, warming up on the western side of Töölö Bay, which has views of the Opera House. The eastern side is hilly, which is only suitable for experienced skaters. London, UK — For all levels Being skilled at managing stops, turns and controlling speed is the requirement for participating in the UK capital’s free skate events, London Friday Night Skate and Sunday Stroll. Both attract hundreds of skaters who skate along routes ranging around Camden, Barnes and Putney. Beginners can also have fun in London. They can learn the basics at Roller Nation or practice on their own. Berlin, Germany — For inline skaters Berlin-based instructor Oumi Janta went popular in social media for her beautiful skating moves in buttercup yellow shorts and is credited for kickstarting the city’s roller-skating fever. Skaters can tour Flaeming Skate, a network of eight paths covering 140 miles through forests, grasslands and villages. Inline skates, which have four wheels in a line, are also popular in the city. This year, skaters can participate in Generali Berlin Half Marathon on 3 April, 30 July and 25 September. “Only in Berlin can you skate throughout the city, right past all the sights, making the longest skating journey in Europe,” says one skater. “The finish line is behind the Brandenburg Gate.” Vienna, Austria — ______________ In Vienna, more people are choosing to roller-skate because it’s a sustainable form of transport. Gerhard Ladstätter organizes Vienna’s Friday Night Skating, a free event that attracts 2,500 people between May and October. He says, “The idea behind Friday Night Skating was and still is easy: take back the streets from cars. We want to move without burning fuel.” The event starts at the Prince Eugene Statue. Routes vary. Beginners can skate past picnickers and outdoor cafes along the Donaukanal — the section after Friedensbrücke Metro is the quietest. Middle-level skaters can deal with Donauinsel Island, a man-made island with gardens. 40. According to the passage, skaters looking for long-distance skating can skate in ________. A. Helsinki, Finland B. London, UK C. Berlin, Germany D. Vienna, Austria 41. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Rebel Rollers Helsinki tend to launch competitive events. B. London’s free skate events are suitable for beginners. C. Oumi Janta began the rollerskating craze in Berlin. D. Donauinsel Island in Vienna is designed for beginners. 42. Which of the following best fits as the subtitle for Vienna, Austria? A. For entertainment seekers B. For beginners C. For quiet skaters D. For eco-fighters (C) Historians have long thought that Queen Meret-Neith was the most powerful woman in Egypt around 3,000 BC. Now, archeologists (考古学家) have found new evidence that indicates she may have been ancient Egypt’s first female ruler. Before their discovery, that honor belonged to Queen Hatshepsut (1507 BC-1458 BC). Queen Meret-Neith was the wife of King Djet and the mother of their son, King Den. Her grave complex in Abydos, Egypt, was first discovered in 1900 alongside the graves of 41 servants, which matches the burial standard of a king. However, it was only recently that a team led by Christiana Köhler from the University of Vienna began digging the queen’s burial grave. To their surprise, they found many grave goods usually reserved for kings. Among them were hundreds of 5,000-year-old wine jars. Many were sealed and contained remains of wine and grape seeds. Additionally, words found inside the grave indicated that the queen was responsible for central government offices such as the Treasury, which were usually ruled by kings. Previously, Meret-Neith’s name had been found on a list of Egypt’s ancient kings in her son’s grave. It was followed by the title “king’s mother.” This, together with the new evidence, led Köhler’s team to conclude that Meret-Neith may have been Egypt’s first female ruler. The team guess that she took over for a few years after the death of her husband since her son was too young to rule. But not everyone agrees with the new theory. Some experts argue that women were not accepted as leaders in ancient Egypt, especially this early on. “Wives and daughters were not typically considered in terms of royal succession (继承),” Dr. Margaret Maitland, an expert said. Köhler is not surprised by the dubiety. “There is indeed a lot of debate among scholars as the evidence is not entirely conclusive,” she says. And even if she had the authority of one, Meret-Neith would not have been called a “pharaoh.” The gender-neutral title, which translates to “great house,” is believed to have been first adopted much later by Queen Hatshepsut. 43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the proof of Queen Meret-Neith’s ruler identity? A. The number of her servant graves met a king’s standard. B. The goods reserved for a king were found in her grave. C. Young king’s mothers were rulers in ancient Egypt. D. Words in grave showed that her responsibility matched a king’s. 44. The underlined word “dubiety” is closest in meaning to ________. A. disbelief B. hatred C. humor D. test 45. The first female in Egypt to be named “pharaoh” was ________. A. Queen Meret-Neith. B. Queen Hatshepsut. C. Christiana Köhler. D. None of the above. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The life achievements of the ancient Egyptian Queen Meret-Neith. B. The relationship between Queen Meret-Neith and her son. C. The ruling succession system of ancient Egypt. D. Queen Meret-Neith’s ruling identity supported by new evidence. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Thousands of deer, and other large animals move across Colorado each year. They feed in the lowlands during winter and return to the mountains in summer. But their paths often cross busy highways. ____47____ One of the risky spots is Interstate 25 between the towns of Larkspur and Monument. More than 100,000 vehicles pass there every day. With six lanes cutting through thousands of acres (英亩) of wildlife habitats, crashes between animals and cars are all too common. To make the area safer, the district is building the Greenland Wildlife Overpass. Expected to be completed by December next year, it connects 39,000 acres of protected land on one side with more than a million acres of forest on the other. Measuring 209 feet (63 m) long and 200 feet (61 m) wide, the overpass will cover 41,800 square feet (3,883 sq. m). ____48____ Once ready, it will be covered with soil and native plants. This will allow the overpass to mix in with the surrounding landscape. Wildlife fencing built along the highway will help guide animals to the crossing. The district expects the overpass to reduce wildlife-vehicle accidents by up to 90 percent. “This was a place where we were seeing a pretty high incidence of crashes,” said district official Shoshana Lew. “____49____ Therefore, part of the reason why we need a more comprehensive structure is to make sure that they will actually use it.” The Greenland Wildlife Overpass is the latest example of Colorado’s efforts to help wildlife. The state has built more than a hundred such structures to help animals cross highways safely. Other states are also taking action. The Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing in Los Angeles, California, will span 10 lanes of Highway 101. ____50____ A. More and more animals are passing by. B. The mass of its area is in contrast to safety measures. C. These projects show that humans and animals can coexist safely. D. Fund for wildlife fencing is, for the time being, not available. E. This can make their journeys very dangerous. F. This makes it the world’s largest wildlife bridge by area. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. New “Superfood” Could Save Honey Bee Colonies (群) In many people’s eyes, honey bees are ordinary or even unnoticeable creatures in nature. However, they pollinate (授粉) the flowers of many fruits and vegetables, supporting about 30 percent of the world’s crops. In the US alone, the tiny insects help produce $15 billion worth of food each year. “We rely on honey bees to pollinate one in three bites of our food,” says Danielle Downey of the non-profit Project Apis. But the species is in trouble. Last year, the US lost more than half of its bee colonies. This is the highest annual loss since record-keeping began in 2010. The situation is just as serious in other parts of the world. Studies show that many countries are experiencing an average colony loss of around 30 percent every year. The major challenge is nutrition. Bees need a variety of flowering plants to obtain nutrients, like specific sterols (甾醇), found in pollen. But these plants are becoming scarce. Additionally, warming temperatures are causing many plants to blossom earlier or later than usual. If bees are not out eating when the flowers open, they can miss their main sources of food. To address this problem, researchers at Oxford University in England have developed a new “superfood.” It contains six essential sterols found in pollen, providing bees with the nutrients they need. The researchers conducted a three-month trial to test the food and the results were striking. Colonies on the enriched diet produced up to 15 times more bees than those on the regular diet The team hope to make the superfood available to beekeepers and farmers by the next year. Beyond honey bees, it could also help other pollinators, protecting food supplies worldwide. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第II部分（共40分） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 初夏，漫山遍野开满了各种叫不出名的野花。(grow) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 53. 他一走出实验室，就脱下手套，用肥皂反复洗手。(wash) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 54. 花卉展览会刚刚开幕，市民们就迫不及待地从全城各处涌向现场。(open) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ 55. 不管她多忙，她每天都会抽出一些时间陪伴孩子，努力维系和谐的家庭氛围。(however) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是李华，你的学校拟建造一间专用教室（specialized classroom）。共有三个备选方案：①电子阅览室（e-library）；②心理咨询室（Psychological Counseling Room）；③舞蹈房（Dance Studio）。给校长写信，信中必须包括： 1．你建议建造的专用教室； 2．你的理由； 3．你对该专用教室的设计建议。 （信中不得出现学生姓名，学校等真实信息） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $