内容正文:
专题03 非谓语动词之动词-ed形式
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
动词- ed形式作定语、表语
考点二
动词- ed形式作状语
考点三
动词- ed形式作宾语补足语
考点四
动词- ed形式综合辨析
(
脉
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络
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重
|
构
)
动词-ed形式(过去分词)
├─ 基本特征
│ ├─ 语态:表被动
│ └─ 时态:表动作已完成
├─ 句法功能
│ ├─ 作定语:前置/后置,修饰名词,表被动、完成
│ ├─ 作表语:描述人/事物的状态、感受
│ ├─ 作状语:时间、原因、条件、伴随、让步,逻辑主语一致
│ └─ 作宾补:表宾语被施加动作、状态被改变
├─ 易混区分
│ ├─ doing:主动/进行;修饰事物(令人……)
│ └─ done:被动/完成;修饰人(感到……)
└─ 特殊结构
└─ 独立主格:名词/代词 + done,主从句主语不一致
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考
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点
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精
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讲
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考点一 动词- ed形式作定语、表语
【知识精讲】
1.作定语
(1)位置规则:单个动词- ed形式前置,分词短语后置。
(2)核心含义:表示被动关系或动作已经完成。
例:a broken cup 一个破碎的杯子(被动 + 完成)
The letter written by my friend is on the desk. 我朋友写的信在桌上(后置定语、被动)。
(3)补充辨析:
表被动 + 完成:用 done
表主动 + 进行:用 doing
2.作表语
置于be、become、feel、get、look等系动词后,侧重说明主语自身的感受、所处状态,无明显动作含义。
3.重点辨析:-ed形容词vs -ing形容词(高考高频易错)
-ed 形式:主语/修饰对象多为人,意为“感到…… 的”,体现主观感受;
-ing 形式:主语/修饰对象多为事物,意为 “令人…… 的”,体现事物本身属性。
常见词:interested/interesting、excited/exciting、surprised/surprising、tired/tiring、bored/boring。
【典例破题】
例题:The ______ (bore) movie made all the audience feel ______ (bore).(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】boring;bored
【思路点拨】第一空修饰事物movie,用boring(令人无聊的);第二空修饰人audience,用bored(感到无聊的)。
【方法提炼】物用- ing,人用- ed,区分主观感受与事物属性。
【巩固提升】
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.The ______ (frighten) girl hid behind the tree when she saw the ______ (frighten) snake.
2.We are all ______ (satisfy) with the ______ (satisfy) result.
3.The bridge ______ (build) last year is very strong.
4.He looked ______ (worry) because he lost his keys.
5.A ______ (break) glass lies on the ground.
考点二 动词-ed形式作状语
【知识精讲】
1.基本规则
动词-ed形式作状语时,逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致,主语与分词之间为被动关系,可改写为对应的被动语态状语从句。
2.常见功能及例句
(1)时间状语(相当于 when/after 引导的从句)
例:Seen from the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 从山上望去,这座城市很美。
(2)原因状语(相当于 because 引导的从句)
例:Encouraged by the teacher, I made greater progress. 在老师的鼓励下,我取得了更大进步。
(3)条件状语(相当于if引导的从句)
例:Given more time, I will finish the work better. 如果再多给点时间,我会把工作完成得更好。
(4)伴随/方式状语
例:The teacher came into the classroom, followed by some students. 老师走进教室,身后跟着几名学生。
(5)让步状语(相当于though/although引导的从句)
例:Defeated many times, he never gave up. 虽然屡次失败,他从未放弃。
3.否定形式
在分词前直接加not,即not done。
例:Not invited, she didn’t attend the party. 因为没有收到邀请,她没有参加派对。
【典例破题】
例题:______ (ask) for help, he always tries his best to give a hand.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Asked
【思路点拨】主句主语he与ask之间是被动关系,“被求助”,故用过去分词作状语。
【方法提炼】主句主语与动词为被动关系、无连词,优先选用done作状语。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.______ (See) from the top of the building, the park looks amazing.
2.______ (Give) enough water and sunlight, the trees will grow well.
3.______ (Inspire) by his story, we decided to work harder.
4.The old man walked slowly, ______ (support) by his grandson.
5.______ (Not prepare) well, he failed in the exam.
考点三 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
【知识精讲】
1.核心含义
宾语与作宾补的动词- ed形式之间为被动关系,表示“宾语被……、宾语遭遇……、宾语处于某种状态”。
2.高频搭配分类
(1)感官动词:see, hear, watch, notice, find + 宾语 + done
例:I found my room cleaned when I came back. 我回来时发现房间被打扫干净了。
(2)使役动词:have, get, make + 宾语 + done(请人做某事/遭遇某事)
have/get sth. done:让某事被(别人)做
例:I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天去剪了头发。
(3)其他常用动词:keep, leave, want + 宾语 + done
例:Please keep the door locked. 请把门锁好。
3.易混对比
宾语 + doing:主动、动作正在进行
宾语 + done:被动、动作已完成
【典例破题】
例题:I will get my bike ______ (repair) tomorrow.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】repaired
【思路点拨】固定搭配get sth. done表示“请人修理某物”,bike与repair为被动关系,用过去分词。
【方法提炼】见到have/get + 名词,表“请人做/某物被处理”,直接使用done形式。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.She had her new dress ______ (wash) this morning.
2.We saw the thief ______ (catch) by the police.
3.Please keep the windows ______ (close) when you leave.
4.I want all the tasks ______ (finish) before noon.
5.He found his wallet ______ (steal) on the bus.
考点四 动词-ed形式综合辨析
【知识精讲】
1.三大非谓语形式核心区别(速记)
to do:表将来、目的、动作后发生
doing:表主动、进行
done:表被动、完成
2.独立主格结构
当过去分词的逻辑主语和主句主语不一致时,需在done前加上独立的逻辑主语,构成:名词/代词 + done,常在句中作状语。
例:All the work finished, we went home. 所有工作完成后,我们就回家了。
3.特殊提醒
部分过去分词已完全转化为形容词,仅表状态,无被动含义:interested, tired, excited, worried等。
【典例破题】
例题:All things ______ (consider), his plan is practical.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】considered
【思路点拨】逻辑主语all things与consider为被动关系,主从句主语不一致,属于过去分词独立主格结构。
【方法提炼】分句无连词、有独立逻辑主语,名词与动词为被动,用done构成独立主格。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.The work ______ (finish), we went out for a walk.
2.Her homework ______ (do), she began to watch cartoons.
3.______ (Tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
4.The question ______ (discuss) yesterday is very important.
5.He got his car ______ (check) before the long trip.
一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. ______ (与……相比) him, I can speak the language more fluently.
2.(25-26高二上·广东东莞·期中)The class ________ ________ (由……组成) 30 boys and 25 girls showed great interest in this subject.
3.The language ______________________ (在澳大利亚说的) is English.
4._________ (被自然的美景所启发),she decided to be a writer。
5._____________ (被称为) the “Chinese Valentine’s Day”, Qixi, as a traditional Chinese festival, is more similar to a Western festival.
二、所给词的适当形式填空
6.(25-26高二下·江西南昌·期中)One game, Snap Apple, challenges people to use only their teeth to bite an apple (suspend) from the ceiling by a string.
7.(25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中)He felt (stress out) about the tough work, so he decided to go hiking on weekends for relaxation.
8.(25-26高二下·广东佛山·期中)Though time is limited, I think I’ll get the work (finish) on time.
9.(25-26高二下·吉林·期中) (locate) next to the library, the new stadium is popular with students.
10.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pumps so much that she had it (deliver)to her house every day.
11.(23-24高二下·江苏无锡·月考)After his parents passed away one by one, the little boy was left (burden) with the responsibility of the whole family.
12.Her unique style of painting makes her stand among young artists.
13.The bus (be) full of people, we had to take another bus.
14.With the kids (laugh) loudly in the garden, she couldn’t focus on her work.
15.No one can keep the wheel of history.
三、语法填空
阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn't have known that I'd just made one of the best 16 (choose) of my life.
I sat down and listened to the teacher introducing the tools of the craft. Then 17 was the first time for me that I had tried my hand. I took up the brush, using the correct gesture, 18 (dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote "one" 19 Chinese.
Over 20 past five years, I have learned to make versions of well-known poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge, 21 connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(笔画) by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned 22 (appreciate) my daily life.
Now, calligraphy is not just a hobby, 23 a way to remove myself from the worries of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy 24 (able) me to balance my busy schedule and live 25 (peace).
1 / 2
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专题03 非谓语动词之动词-ed形式
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
动词- ed形式作定语、表语
考点二
动词- ed形式作状语
考点三
动词- ed形式作宾语补足语
考点四
动词- ed形式综合辨析
(
脉
|
络
|
重
|
构
)
动词-ed形式(过去分词)
├─ 基本特征
│ ├─ 语态:表被动
│ └─ 时态:表动作已完成
├─ 句法功能
│ ├─ 作定语:前置/后置,修饰名词,表被动、完成
│ ├─ 作表语:描述人/事物的状态、感受
│ ├─ 作状语:时间、原因、条件、伴随、让步,逻辑主语一致
│ └─ 作宾补:表宾语被施加动作、状态被改变
├─ 易混区分
│ ├─ doing:主动/进行;修饰事物(令人……)
│ └─ done:被动/完成;修饰人(感到……)
└─ 特殊结构
└─ 独立主格:名词/代词 + done,主从句主语不一致
(
考
|
点
|
精
|
讲
)
考点一 动词- ed形式作定语、表语
【知识精讲】
1.作定语
(1)位置规则:单个动词- ed形式前置,分词短语后置。
(2)核心含义:表示被动关系或动作已经完成。
例:a broken cup 一个破碎的杯子(被动 + 完成)
The letter written by my friend is on the desk. 我朋友写的信在桌上(后置定语、被动)。
(3)补充辨析:
表被动 + 完成:用 done
表主动 + 进行:用 doing
2.作表语
置于be、become、feel、get、look等系动词后,侧重说明主语自身的感受、所处状态,无明显动作含义。
3.重点辨析:-ed形容词vs -ing形容词(高考高频易错)
-ed 形式:主语/修饰对象多为人,意为“感到…… 的”,体现主观感受;
-ing 形式:主语/修饰对象多为事物,意为 “令人…… 的”,体现事物本身属性。
常见词:interested/interesting、excited/exciting、surprised/surprising、tired/tiring、bored/boring。
【典例破题】
例题:The ______ (bore) movie made all the audience feel ______ (bore).(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】boring;bored
【思路点拨】第一空修饰事物movie,用boring(令人无聊的);第二空修饰人audience,用bored(感到无聊的)。
【方法提炼】物用- ing,人用- ed,区分主观感受与事物属性。
【巩固提升】
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.The ______ (frighten) girl hid behind the tree when she saw the ______ (frighten) snake.
2.We are all ______ (satisfy) with the ______ (satisfy) result.
3.The bridge ______ (build) last year is very strong.
4.He looked ______ (worry) because he lost his keys.
5.A ______ (break) glass lies on the ground.
【答案】
1.frightened;frightening 解析:girl为人,用frightened(感到害怕的);snake为事物,用frightening(令人害怕的)。
2.satisfied;satisfying 解析:人作主语用satisfied;修饰事物result用satisfying。
3.built 解析:分词短语作后置定语,bridge与build为被动、动作已完成。
4.worried 解析:系动词后用 -ed形式,表“感到担忧的”。
5.broken 解析:单个过去分词前置作定语,表“破碎的”。
考点二 动词-ed形式作状语
【知识精讲】
1.基本规则
动词-ed形式作状语时,逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致,主语与分词之间为被动关系,可改写为对应的被动语态状语从句。
2.常见功能及例句
(1)时间状语(相当于 when/after 引导的从句)
例:Seen from the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 从山上望去,这座城市很美。
(2)原因状语(相当于 because 引导的从句)
例:Encouraged by the teacher, I made greater progress. 在老师的鼓励下,我取得了更大进步。
(3)条件状语(相当于if引导的从句)
例:Given more time, I will finish the work better. 如果再多给点时间,我会把工作完成得更好。
(4)伴随/方式状语
例:The teacher came into the classroom, followed by some students. 老师走进教室,身后跟着几名学生。
(5)让步状语(相当于though/although引导的从句)
例:Defeated many times, he never gave up. 虽然屡次失败,他从未放弃。
3.否定形式
在分词前直接加not,即not done。
例:Not invited, she didn’t attend the party. 因为没有收到邀请,她没有参加派对。
【典例破题】
例题:______ (ask) for help, he always tries his best to give a hand.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Asked
【思路点拨】主句主语he与ask之间是被动关系,“被求助”,故用过去分词作状语。
【方法提炼】主句主语与动词为被动关系、无连词,优先选用done作状语。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.______ (See) from the top of the building, the park looks amazing.
2.______ (Give) enough water and sunlight, the trees will grow well.
3.______ (Inspire) by his story, we decided to work harder.
4.The old man walked slowly, ______ (support) by his grandson.
5.______ (Not prepare) well, he failed in the exam.
【答案】
1.Seen 解析:主语park与see为被动关系,过去分词作时间状语。
2.Given 解析:trees与give是被动,作条件状语。
3.Inspired 解析:we与inspire为被动,作原因状语。
4.supported 解析:man与support被动,作伴随状语。
5.Not prepared 解析:否定形式,主语 he与prepare被动,作原因状语。
考点三 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
【知识精讲】
1.核心含义
宾语与作宾补的动词- ed形式之间为被动关系,表示“宾语被……、宾语遭遇……、宾语处于某种状态”。
2.高频搭配分类
(1)感官动词:see, hear, watch, notice, find + 宾语 + done
例:I found my room cleaned when I came back. 我回来时发现房间被打扫干净了。
(2)使役动词:have, get, make + 宾语 + done(请人做某事/遭遇某事)
have/get sth. done:让某事被(别人)做
例:I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天去剪了头发。
(3)其他常用动词:keep, leave, want + 宾语 + done
例:Please keep the door locked. 请把门锁好。
3.易混对比
宾语 + doing:主动、动作正在进行
宾语 + done:被动、动作已完成
【典例破题】
例题:I will get my bike ______ (repair) tomorrow.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】repaired
【思路点拨】固定搭配get sth. done表示“请人修理某物”,bike与repair为被动关系,用过去分词。
【方法提炼】见到have/get + 名词,表“请人做/某物被处理”,直接使用done形式。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.She had her new dress ______ (wash) this morning.
2.We saw the thief ______ (catch) by the police.
3.Please keep the windows ______ (close) when you leave.
4.I want all the tasks ______ (finish) before noon.
5.He found his wallet ______ (steal) on the bus.
【答案】
1.washed 解析:have sth. done让某物被清洗。
2.caught 解析:thief与catch被动,过去分词作宾补。
3.closed 解析:keep + 宾语 + done 使某物保持被关闭的状态。
4.finished 解析:tasks与finish被动,作宾补。
5.stolen 解析:wallet与steal被动,表示“钱包被偷”。
考点四 动词-ed形式综合辨析
【知识精讲】
1.三大非谓语形式核心区别(速记)
to do:表将来、目的、动作后发生
doing:表主动、进行
done:表被动、完成
2.独立主格结构
当过去分词的逻辑主语和主句主语不一致时,需在done前加上独立的逻辑主语,构成:名词/代词 + done,常在句中作状语。
例:All the work finished, we went home. 所有工作完成后,我们就回家了。
3.特殊提醒
部分过去分词已完全转化为形容词,仅表状态,无被动含义:interested, tired, excited, worried等。
【典例破题】
例题:All things ______ (consider), his plan is practical.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】considered
【思路点拨】逻辑主语all things与consider为被动关系,主从句主语不一致,属于过去分词独立主格结构。
【方法提炼】分句无连词、有独立逻辑主语,名词与动词为被动,用done构成独立主格。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.The work ______ (finish), we went out for a walk.
2.Her homework ______ (do), she began to watch cartoons.
3.______ (Tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
4.The question ______ (discuss) yesterday is very important.
5.He got his car ______ (check) before the long trip.
【答案】
1.finished 解析:独立主格,work与finish被动、完成。
2.done 解析:独立主格,homework与do被动。
3.Told 解析:主句主语he与tell被动,过去分词作让步状语。
4.discussed 解析:后置定语,question与discuss被动、动作已完成。
5.checked 解析:get sth. done让车子被检查。
一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. ______ (与……相比) him, I can speak the language more fluently.
【答案】Compared with/Compared to
【详解】考查非谓语动词短语。句意:与他相比,我能更流利地说这种语言。根据汉语提示“与……相比”可知,此处为固定短语be compared with/to,句中已有谓语can speak,空处作非谓语动词,去掉be动词,使用过去分词形式作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Compared with/to。
2.(25-26高二上·广东东莞·期中)The class ________ ________ (由……组成) 30 boys and 25 girls showed great interest in this subject.
【答案】consisting/comprised of
【详解】考查非谓语动词短语。句意:这个由30名男生和25名女生组成的班级对这门学科表现出极大的兴趣。根据汉语意思提示可知,此处为固定短语consist of,是不及物动词短语(无被动语态,不用于进行时),表示“由……组成”,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“The class”,“The class”与“consist of”为主动关系,故用现在分词形式“consisting”作后置定语。此处还可以为固定短语be comprised of,表示“由……组成”,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“The class”,去掉be动词,使用过去分词形式comprised作后置定语。故填consisting/comprised;of。
3.The language ______________________ (在澳大利亚说的) is English.
【答案】which is spoken in Australia/that is spoken in Australia/spoken in Australia
【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:在澳大利亚说的语言是英语。根据汉语提示可知,空处应填“在澳大利亚说的”,可处理为非谓语动词形式作后置定语修饰名词language,动词speak与所修饰名词language构成动宾关系,应用过去分词形式spoken,“在澳大利亚”可译为in Australia,所以空处可填spoken in Australia;也可处理为定语从句修饰先行词language,先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which或that引导,从句谓语动词speak与先行词language构成动宾关系,且句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数,be动词用is,所以空处也可填which/that is spoken in Australia。故填(which/that is) spoken in Australia。
4._________ (被自然的美景所启发),she decided to be a writer。
【答案】Inspired by the beauty of nature
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被自然的美景所启发,她决定成为一名作家。表示“被……”启发为过去分词短语inspired by作状语,“自然的美景”译为the beauty of nature,首字母大写。故填Inspired by the beauty of nature。
5._____________ (被称为) the “Chinese Valentine’s Day”, Qixi, as a traditional Chinese festival, is more similar to a Western festival.
【答案】Referred to as
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被称为“中国情人节”的七夕,作为一个中国传统节日,更类似于一个西方节日。根据汉语提示“被称为”可知,用refer to...as...,本句已有谓语动词is,本空应用非谓语动词形式,refer to...as...和逻辑主语Qixi之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式,作状语,句首单词,首字母大写。故填Referred to as。
二、所给词的适当形式填空
6.(25-26高二下·江西南昌·期中)One game, Snap Apple, challenges people to use only their teeth to bite an apple (suspend) from the ceiling by a string.
【答案】suspended
【详解】句意:咬苹果这一游戏考验人们只用牙齿去咬由绳子悬挂在天花板上的苹果。句中已有谓语动词challenges,空处应用非谓语动词,suspend“悬挂”和逻辑主语apple之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。
7.(25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中)He felt (stress out) about the tough work, so he decided to go hiking on weekends for relaxation.
【答案】stressed out
【详解】句意:繁重的工作让他倍感压力,于是他决定周末去徒步放松一下。felt是系动词feel的过去式,后接形容词化的过去分词作表语,描述主语He的感受,feel stressed out为固定搭配,意为“感到压力重重、身心疲惫”。
8.(25-26高二下·广东佛山·期中)Though time is limited, I think I’ll get the work (finish) on time.
【答案】finished
【详解】句意:虽然时间有限,但我认为我能按时完成这项工作。分析句子可知,此处为固定搭配get sth. done表示“使某事被完成”,work与finish为被动关系,故填过去分词finished。
9.(25-26高二下·吉林·期中) (locate) next to the library, the new stadium is popular with students.
【答案】Located
【详解】句意:新体育场位于图书馆旁边,很受学生欢迎。be located“位于”,本空作状语,省略be,用过去分词located,句首单词,首字母大写。
10.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pumps so much that she had it (deliver)to her house every day.
【答案】delivered
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这位女士似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水,以至于她每天都让人把水送到家里。此处应为“have+宾语+宾补”结构,非谓语动词作宾补,其中deliver与宾语it之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填delivered。
11.(23-24高二下·江苏无锡·月考)After his parents passed away one by one, the little boy was left (burden) with the responsibility of the whole family.
【答案】burdened
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在他的父母相继去世后,这个小男孩承担了整个家庭的责任。动词burden意为“使负重担”,和系动词之间没有连词,和主语构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式。故填burdened。
12.Her unique style of painting makes her stand among young artists.
【答案】out
【详解】句意:独特的绘画风格让她在青年艺术家中脱颖而出。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定短语stand out,表示“突出、显眼”,符合语境。
13.The bus (be) full of people, we had to take another bus.
【答案】being
【详解】句意:这辆公交车上挤满了人,我们只好换乘另一辆。此处为独立主格结构,be和逻辑主语The bus之间是主动关系,应用现在分词being。
14.With the kids (laugh) loudly in the garden, she couldn’t focus on her work.
【答案】laughing
【详解】句意:孩子们在花园里大声笑着,她无法集中精力工作。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构,kids与laugh之间是主动关系,应用现在分词laughing作宾语补足语。
15.No one can keep the wheel of history.
【答案】back
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:没有人能阻挡历史的车轮滚滚向前。keep back是固定短语,表示“阻止、阻挡”。故填back。
三、语法填空
阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn't have known that I'd just made one of the best 16 (choose) of my life.
I sat down and listened to the teacher introducing the tools of the craft. Then 17 was the first time for me that I had tried my hand. I took up the brush, using the correct gesture, 18 (dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote "one" 19 Chinese.
Over 20 past five years, I have learned to make versions of well-known poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge, 21 connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(笔画) by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned 22 (appreciate) my daily life.
Now, calligraphy is not just a hobby, 23 a way to remove myself from the worries of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy 24 (able) me to balance my busy schedule and live 25 (peace).
【答案】
16.choices 17.it 18.dipped 19.in 20.the 21.which 22.to appreciate 23.but 24.enables 25.peacefully
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者从初上书法课的迷茫,到书法课成为自己身边必不可少的一部分的心理历程。
【详解】16.考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知,one of the best后加名词复数,表示“最好的……之一”,故填choices。
17.考查固定句型。分析句子结构可知,it is/was the+序数词+time that是固定句型,意为“这是第几次……”,故填it。
18.考查时态。句意:我拿起画笔,用正确的手势蘸了蘸墨水,小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。结合句意可知,句中的三个动作take up, dip, write是连贯的、并列的,故时态一致,故填dipped。
19.考查介词。句意:小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。分析句子结构可知,空处填介词,表示“用……门语言”用介词in,故填in。
20.考查冠词。句意:在过去的五年里,我学会了翻译一些著名的诗歌。over the past five years意为“在过去的五年里”,表示特指,故填the。
21.考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知,空处填关系代词,在从句中作主语,先行词是a bridge,故填which。
22.考查动词的固定结构。句意:我可以感受到他们的情绪,珍惜自己的平静,学会欣赏我的日常生活。learn to do sth.意为“学做……”,故填to appreciate。
23.考查并列连词。句意:现在,书法不仅仅是一种爱好,而是一种让自己摆脱生活烦恼的方式。根据句意可知,not…but…意为“不是……而是……”,故填but。
24.考查时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知,空处填时态,结合语境,此处用一般现在时,且主语是calligraphy,故填enables。
25.考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处填副词,修饰动词live,故填peacefully。
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