清单14 课标词汇【P字母】（知识清单）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦P字母重点词汇，涵盖识记、英汉互译、词形转换、短语词块及验收测试五大模块，构建词汇音形义、搭配拓展与语境应用的完整知识体系。 清单通过多维分层设计提升复习实效，词形转换版以后缀规律（如-penetrate→penetration）梳理派生词，培养语言能力；短语词块版标注高频搭配（如participate in），结合验收测试中的语境化练习（如选词填空、句子翻译）发展思维品质。自测练习附详细解析，助力学生自主巩固，教师可依托系统内容优化复习策略，提升备考针对性。

通关14：2027年高考英语重点词汇一遍过【P字母】 （识记+英汉互默+词汇拓展+词块短语搭配+验收自测练习） 维度一：识记版 单词（音标） 释义（含词性） 精华搭配（中文）+ 词形转换（词性） 1 participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt vi. 参与 搭配：participate in 参与 变形：participation (n.)、participant (n.) 2 particular /pəˈtɪkjələ adj. 特定的；挑剔的 搭配：in particular 尤其 变形：particularly (adv.) 3 passion /ˈpæʃn n. 激情；酷爱 搭配：have passion for 酷爱 变形：passionate (adj.) 4 passive /ˈpæsɪv adj. 被动的 搭配：passive attitude 消极态度 变形：active (adj. 反义) 5 patent /ˈpeɪtnt n. 专利 adj. 专利的 搭配：apply for a patent 申请专利 6 perceive /pəˈsiːv vt. 察觉；理解 搭配：perceive danger 察觉危险 变形：perception (n.) 7 perception /pəˈsepʃn n. 感知；看法 搭配：visual perception 视觉感知 8 permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt adj. 永久的 搭配：permanent job 固定工作 变形：permanently (adv.) 9 persist /pəˈsɪst vi. 坚持；持续 搭配：persist in 坚持 变形：persistence (n.) 10 persistent /pəˈsɪstənt adj. 执着的；持续的 搭配：persistent effort 不懈努力 11 perspective /pəˈspektɪv n. 视角；远景 搭配：from one's perspective 在某人看来 12 persuade /pəˈsweɪd vt. 说服 搭配：persuade sb. to do 说服 变形：persuasion (n.) 13 pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk adj. 悲观的 搭配：be pessimistic about 悲观看待 变形：pessimism (n.) 14 possess /pəˈzes vt. 拥有；支配 搭配：possess wealth 拥有财富 变形：possession (n.) 15 possession /pəˈzeʃn n. 财产；拥有 搭配：in possession of 拥有 16 potential /pəˈtenʃl adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力 搭配：potential risk 潜在风险 17 practise /ˈpræktɪs v. 练习；实践 搭配：practise doing 练习 变形：practice (n.) 18 precise /prɪˈsaɪs adj. 精确的 搭配：precise data 精准数据 变形：precision (n.) 19 predict /prɪˈdɪkt vt. 预测 搭配：predict result 预测结果 变形：prediction (n.) 20 prefer /prɪˈfɜː vt. 更喜欢 搭配：prefer to do 宁愿 变形：preference (n.) 21 prejudice /ˈpredʒʊdɪs n. 偏见 vt. 偏袒 搭配：have prejudice against 对有偏见 22 prevail /prɪˈveɪl vi. 盛行；获胜 搭配：prevail over 战胜 变形：prevalent (adj.) 23 prevalent /ˈprevələnt adj. 普遍的 搭配：prevalent trend 主流趋势 24 prime /praɪm adj. 主要的 n. 盛年 搭配：prime time 黄金时段 25 primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv adj. 原始的 搭配：primitive society 原始社会 26 principal /ˈprɪnsəpl adj. 主要的 n. 校长 搭配：principal reason 主要原因 27 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl n. 原则 搭配：basic principle 基本原则 28 priority /praɪˈɒrəti n. 优先权 搭配：give priority to 优先考虑 29 proceed /prəˈsiːd vi. 继续进行 搭配：proceed to do 接着做 变形：procedure (n.) 30 procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə n. 程序；步骤 搭配：working procedure 工作流程 31 productive /prəˈdʌktɪv adj. 多产的；高效的 搭配：productive work 高效工作 变形：product (n.) 32 profound /prəˈfaʊnd adj. 深刻的 搭配：profound meaning 深层含义 33 progress /ˈprəʊɡres n. 进步 v. 进展 搭配：make progress 取得进步 34 project /ˈprɒdʒekt n. 项目 v. 规划 搭配：carry out a project 执行项目 35 promote /prəˈməʊt vt. 提升；推广 搭配：promote sales 促销 变形：promotion (n.) 36 proposal /prəˈpəʊzl n. 提议 搭配：put forward proposal 提建议 变形：propose (v.) 37 propose /prəˈpəʊz vt. 提议；打算 搭配：propose doing 提议做 38 prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs adj. 繁荣的 搭配：prosperous economy 经济繁荣 变形：prosperity (n.) 39 protest /ˈprəʊtest n. 抗议 v. 反对 搭配：protest against 抗议 40 pursue /pəˈsjuː vt. 追求；从事 搭配：pursue dreams 追梦 变形：pursuit (n.) 41 pursuit /pəˈsjuːt n. 追求 搭配：in pursuit of 追求 42 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt n. 参与者 搭配：activity participant 活动参与者 43 passionate /ˈpæʃənət adj. 热情的 搭配：passionate about 热衷 44 passive /ˈpæsɪv n. 被动语态 搭配：passive voice 被动语态 45 perception /pəˈsepʃn v. 感知 搭配：perceive emotion 感知情绪 46 permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt adv. 永久地 搭配：live permanently 定居 47 persistent /pəˈsɪstənt n. 坚持 搭配：persist to the end 坚持到底 48 perspective /pəˈspektɪv n. 洞察力 搭配：good perspective 独到眼光 49 persuasion /pəˈsweɪʃn n. 劝说 搭配：soft persuasion 婉言劝说 50 pessimism /ˈpesɪmɪzəm n. 悲观情绪 搭配：get rid of pessimism 摆脱悲观 51 possession /pəˈzeʃn n. 占有 搭配：take possession 占据 52 potential /pəˈtenʃl n. 潜能 搭配：tap potential 挖掘潜力 53 precision /prɪˈsɪʒn n. 精度 搭配：high precision 高精度 54 prediction /prɪˈdɪkʃn n. 预言 搭配：weather prediction 天气预报 55 preference /ˈprefrəns n. 偏爱 搭配：personal preference 个人喜好 56 prevalent /ˈprevələnt v. 普及 搭配：prevalent widely 广泛流行 57 primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv n. 原始人 搭配：ancient primitive 原始先民 58 priority /praɪˈɒrəti adj. 优先的 搭配：priority service 优先服务 59 procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə adj. 程序性 搭配：procedure rule 程序规则 60 productive /prəˈdʌktɪv n. 产品 搭配：daily product 日用品 61 profound /prəˈfaʊnd adj. 渊博的 搭配：profound knowledge 学识渊博 62 progress /prəˈɡres v. 推进 搭配：progress steadily 稳步推进 63 project /prəˈdʒekt v. 投射 搭配：project light 投射光线 64 promotion /prəˈməʊʃn n. 晋升 搭配：job promotion 升职 65 prosperous /prɒˈspærəti n. 繁荣 搭配：economic prosperity 经济繁荣 66 protest /prəˈtest v. 申辩 搭配：protest innocence 申辩清白 67 practical /ˈpræktɪkl adj. 实用的 搭配：practical skill 实用技能 变形：practice (n.) 68 predominant /prɪˈdɒmɪnənt adj. 主导的 搭配：predominant factor 主导因素 69 premature /ˌpriːməˈtʃʊə adj. 过早的 搭配：premature decision 草率决定 70 prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt adj. 显著的；杰出的 搭配：prominent figure 知名人士 71 propaganda /ˌprɒpəˈɡændə n. 宣传 搭配：public propaganda 公共宣传 72 prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs adj. 兴旺的 搭配：prosperous business 生意兴隆 73 pursue /pəˈsjuː vt. 追查 搭配：pursue clues 追查线索 74 passionate /ˈpæʃənət n. 热忱 搭配：full of passion 满怀热忱 75 particular /pəˈtɪkjələ adj. 详细的 搭配：particular description 详述 76 patent /ˈpeɪtnt vt. 申请专利 搭配：patent invention 为发明申专利 77 persist /pəˈsɪst adj. 顽固的 搭配：persistent idea 执念 78 principal /ˈprɪnsəpl n. 负责人 搭配：school principal 校长 79 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl v. 恪守原则 搭配：stick to principle 坚守原则 80 prime /praɪm adj. 优质的 搭配：prime goods 优等货品 维度二：英译汉版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 panic 恐慌；（使）恐慌 2 permanent 永久的；永恒的 3 panel 面板；专门小组 4 precise 精确的；准确的 5 participate 参加；参与 6 persevere 坚持不懈；锲而不舍 7 penetrate 穿透；渗透 8 proposal 提议；建议 9 particular 特别的；特定的 10 perspective 观点；看法 11 perceive 察觉；感知 12 persuade 说服；劝服 13 peculiar 独特的；奇怪的 14 prospective 未来的；预期的 15 pessimistic 悲观的 16 preference 偏爱；偏好 17 promising 有前途的；有希望的 18 postpone 推迟；延期 19 philosopher 哲学家 20 prevail 盛行；流行 21 patent 专利 22 potential 潜在的；可能的 23 plunge 投入；跳进 24 primitive 原始的；早期的 25 pursuit 追求；追逐 26 primary 首要的；主要的 27 portrait 肖像；画像 28 prescribe 开处方；规定 29 peak 山峰；顶点 30 proportional 成比例的 31 polish 擦亮；磨光 32 prosperous 繁荣的；兴旺的 33 peer 同龄人；同辈 34 property 财产；资产 35 privilege 特权；优惠 36 punctual 准时的 37 pension 养老金；抚恤金 38 passion 激情；热情 39 precaution 预防措施；防备 40 preliminary 初步的；预备的 维度三：汉译英版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 panic 恐慌；（使）恐慌 2 permanent 永久的；永恒的 3 panel 面板；专门小组 4 precise 精确的；准确的 5 participate 参加；参与 6 persevere 坚持不懈；锲而不舍 7 penetrate 穿透；渗透 8 proposal 提议；建议 9 particular 特别的；特定的 10 perspective 观点；看法 11 perceive 察觉；感知 12 persuade 说服；劝服 13 peculiar 独特的；奇怪的 14 prospective 未来的；预期的 15 pessimistic 悲观的 16 preference 偏爱；偏好 17 promising 有前途的；有希望的 18 postpone 推迟；延期 19 philosopher 哲学家 20 prevail 盛行；流行 21 patent 专利 22 potential 潜在的；可能的 23 plunge 投入；跳进 24 primitive 原始的；早期的 25 pursuit 追求；追逐 26 primary 首要的；主要的 27 portrait 肖像；画像 28 prescribe 开处方；规定 29 peak 山峰；顶点 30 proportional 成比例的 31 polish 擦亮；磨光 32 prosperous 繁荣的；兴旺的 33 peer 同龄人；同辈 34 property 财产；资产 35 privilege 特权；优惠 36 punctual 准时的 37 pension 养老金；抚恤金 38 passion 激情；热情 39 precaution 预防措施；防备 40 preliminary 初步的；预备的 维度四：词形转换版 1. penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/v. 穿透；渗入；洞察（高考阅读难词）→ penetration n. 渗透；洞察力（后缀 - ion）→ penetrating adj. 尖锐的；透彻的→ penetrable adj. 可穿透的→ block v. 阻挡；封锁（语义反义词） 2. perceive /pəˈsiːv/v. 感知；察觉；理解（高考完形 / 阅读核心难词）→ perception n. 感知；看法（后缀 - ption，转换考点）→ perceptive adj. 敏锐的；有洞察力的→ perceptible adj. 可察觉的→ ignore v. 忽视（语义反义词） 3. persist /pəˈsɪst/v. 坚持；持续；存留（高考高频拓展词）→ persistence n. 坚持；毅力（后缀 - ence）→ persistent adj. 执着的；持续的→ persistently adv. 坚持地；持久地→ quit v. 放弃；停止（语义反义词） 4. persuade /pəˈsweɪd/v. 说服；劝说（高考写作核心词）→ persuasion n. 说服；信念（后缀 - sion）→ persuasive adj. 有说服力的→ persuasively adv. 有说服力地→ dissuade v. 劝阻（前缀 dis - 反义） 5. possess /pəˈzes/v. 拥有；占有；支配（高考语法填空必考词）→ possession n. 拥有；财产（后缀 - sion）→ possessive adj. 占有欲强的；所属的→ dispossess v. 剥夺（前缀 dis - 反义） 6. postpone /pəˈspəʊn/v. 推迟；延期（高考完形难词）→ postponement n. 延期；推迟（后缀 - ment）→ postponed adj. 被推迟的→ advance v. 提前（语义反义词） 7. preclude /prɪˈkluːd/v. 排除；阻碍；使不可能（高考阅读冷门高阶词）→ preclusion n. 排除；阻止（后缀 - sion）→ preclusive adj. 起阻碍作用的→ allow v. 允许（语义反义词） 8. predominate /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/v. 主导；占优势（高考议论文难词）→ predominance n. 优势；主导地位（后缀 - ance）→ predominant adj. 主要的；占主导的→ subordinate adj. 次要的（语义反义词） 9. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/v. 保护；保存；保留 n. 保护区（高考阅读高频词）→ preservation n. 保护；保存（后缀 - ation）→ preservative n. 防腐剂 adj. 防腐的→ destroy v. 破坏（语义反义词） 10. provoke /prəˈvəʊk/v. 激怒；挑起；引发（高考完形人物描写词）→ provocation n. 挑衅；激怒（后缀 - ation）→ provocative adj. 挑衅的；煽动性的→ calm v. 使平静（语义反义词） 维度五：短语词块版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 keep pace with 跟上；与...同步 2 package tour 包价旅游 3 take pains 尽力；费苦心 4 parallel to 与...平行 5 participate in 参加；参与 6 be particular about 对...挑剔 7 in particular 尤其；特别 8 pass away 去世；消逝 9 passion for 对...的热情 10 pave the way for 为...铺平道路 11 pay off 还清；取得成功 12 be peculiar to 为...所特有 13 persevere in 坚持不懈地做 14 persist in 坚持；执意 15 persuade sb. to do 说服某人做某事 16 persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 17 pile up 堆积；积累 18 take the place of 代替；取代 19 play tricks on 捉弄；欺骗 20 take pleasure in 以...为乐 21 plunge...into 使...陷入 22 point out 指出 23 make one’s point 表明观点 24 be popular with 受...欢迎 25 put...into practice 把...付诸实践 26 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做...而不愿做... 27 make preparations for 为...做准备 28 in the presence of 在...面前 29 at present 目前；现在 30 preserve...from 保护...免受... 31 press conference 新闻发布会 32 under pressure 在压力下 33 prevent...(from) 阻止；防止 34 take pride in 以...为傲 35 in the process of 在...的过程中 36 prohibit...from 禁止...做... 37 provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 38 pull down 拆毁；推翻 39 on purpose 故意地 40 put up with 忍受；容忍 维度六：验收测试版 Test 14（P字母） 一、配对 1 prejudice A 生产 (性) 的；富有成效的；多产的 2 productive B 职业的；专业人员的 3 professional C 偏见，成见 4 profile D 著名的；杰出的 5 prominent E 侧影；概述；简介 二、请写出所给短语的中文 / 英文意思 1. practice makes perfect. 2. plunge / jump into water 3. persist in / stick to one’s opinion 4. be peculiar to 5. personalized service 6. a new perspective on life 7. in pursuit of 8. perceive sb. / sth. as 9. place emphasis / stress on 10. poverty-stricken areas 11. have a pile of / piles of work to do 12. for the purpose of 13. polish one’s article 14. develop one’s potential to the full 三、选词填空 profitable proceed procedure pursue principal principle previous pregnant profession pretended puzzled 1. Female workers during their ______________ period have their work load and work time reduced. 2. This was not the first time he had ______________ his dad with questions that she could not answer. 3. Although he ______________ to sympathize, he was laughing in his sleeve. 4. In the ______________ chapter, we introduced the concept of flow, where a person enters a highly productive mental state by working in harmony with her tools. 5. Because industrial countries account for so large a share of world output, their policies will play a ______________ role in determining how the world economy performs. 6. A learning society in which all the people will learn or even ______________ life-long education will emerge to boost their all - round development. 7. Other people find this ______________ difficult and prefer a way to accomplish it without having to hold the mouse button down while they drag. 8. Fortunately that is not the opinion of the majority, or the government of this enlightened country could not ______________. 9. Comrade Bethune was a doctor, who took medical treatment as his ______________ and was constantly perfecting his skill. 10. He studied the German market to find the potential there for ______________ investment. 四、词块翻译 1. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 向某人订购某物 2. 把衣服装进手提箱 3. 按自己的节奏学习 4. 在…中起作用 5. 对……特别挑剔 6. 对……失去耐心 7. 申请专利 8. 对……有强烈爱好 9. 处在巅峰 10. 步行街 11. 包价游；跟团游 12. 优先考虑 13. 煞费苦心；竭尽全力 14 .一种社会现象 五、完成句子翻译（用所给单词） 1. 因为各种原因，这场比赛已经三度延期了。(postpone) The game _____________________________ for various reasons. 2. 他具备很多值得同龄人学习的优秀品质，例如毅力、勤奋和创造力。(possess) He __________________________ that his ________ can learn from, such as ________________________. 3. 把你要做的事情列出来，确定任务的轻重缓急，然后制定一个时间表。(prioritize) Make a list of what you need to do, _______________________________________________. 4. 一味责备孩子犯了错是没有意义的，你需要给出实际可行的建议。(point) ___________________________________ for making mistakes. You need to give _______________. 5. 既然事关在场每个人的利益，我无权替大家做最终的决定。(position) Since it concerns / is concerned with ____________________ , I am not ________________ for you. （选词填空） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. piloted B. precisely C. barriers D. fault E. misjudge F. life-threatening G. transition H. priorities I. tempted J. posed K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Driving has many downsides: There’s pollution, traffic, finding a place to park. But worst of all are the crashes. In 2023, an estimated 40,990 people were killed in car crashes in the United States. Reducing traffic crashes should be among the nation’s highest ____11____. Behind each one lie many human errors. People get behind the wheel when they are drunk or sleepy, and they text or talk on their phones instead of paying attention to the road. Or they simply ____12____ road conditions. Enormous work has gone into reducing these human errors. But data from Waymo, Alphabet’s self-driving car unit, suggests that a better strategy might be to take the driver out of the picture and let vehicles be ____13____ by machines that will never get distracted or drunk, or be ____14____ to break traffic laws because they’re running late. Waymo robotaxis have logged 33 million miles and the company’s figures show that Waymo robotaxi vehicles deliver ____15____ better safety performance. Compared with cars driven by humans, Waymo vehicles have been involved in 62 percent fewer police-reported crashes and 78 percent fewer crashes that resulted in injury. Timothy B. Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that ____16____ no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the ____17____ of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce ____18____ crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory ____19____ that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the _____20_____. The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. Test 14（P 字母） 一、配对 1-C 2-A 3-B 4-E 5-D 二、短语互译 1. 熟能生巧 2. 跳入水中 3. 坚持己见 4. 为…… 所特有 5. 个性化服务 6. 全新的人生观 7. 追求 8. 把…… 看作 9. 强调；重视 10. 贫困地区 11. 有一大堆工作要做 12. 为了…… 目的 13. 修改文章 14. 充分发挥潜能 三、选词填空 1. pregnant 2. puzzled 3. pretended 4. previous 5. principal 2. pursue 7. procedure 8. proceed 9. profession 10. profitable 四、词块翻译 1. place an order for sth. with sb. 2. pack clothes into the suitcase 3. learn at one's own pace 4. play a part in 5. be particular about 6. lose patience with 7. apply for a patent 8. have a passion for 9. at the peak 10. pedestrian street 11. package tour 12. give priority to 13. take pains / go to great lengths 14. a social phenomenon 五、完成句子 1. has been postponed three times 2. possesses many fine qualities; peers; perseverance, diligence and creativity 3. prioritize the tasks and then make a schedule 4. There is no point in blaming children; practical and feasible suggestions 5. the interests of everyone present; in a position to make the final decision （小猫钓鱼） 答案：11.H 12.E 13.A 14.I 15.K 16.J 17.D 18.F 19.C 20.G 解析：本文介绍自动驾驶汽车的安全优势、现存障碍与行业发展方向。 11. H priorities：首要任务；句意：减少车祸应当是国家的首要任务。 12. E misjudge：误判；句意：人类驾驶员常会误判路况。 13. A piloted：操控；句意：让机器操控车辆，杜绝人为失误。 14. I tempted：怂恿、驱使；句意：不会因赶时间而违规。 15. K undeniably：毋庸置疑地；句意：自动驾驶车辆无疑安全性能更佳。 16. J posed：造成；句意：这类低速碰撞并不会构成严重安全威胁。 17. D fault：过错；句意：绝大多数事故都是对方驾驶员的过错。 18. F life-threatening：危及生命的；句意：目前还无法确定自动驾驶能减少多少致命车祸。 19. C barriers：障碍；句意：政府应扫清监管障碍，推广自动驾驶。 20. G transition：过渡；句意：行业协会出台方案，加速这一转型进程。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 通关14：2027年高考英语重点词汇一遍过【P字母】 （识记+英汉互默+词汇拓展+词块短语搭配+验收自测练习） 维度一：识记版 单词（音标） 释义（含词性） 精华搭配（中文）+ 词形转换（词性） 1 participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt vi. 参与 搭配：participate in 参与 变形：participation (n.)、participant (n.) 2 particular /pəˈtɪkjələ adj. 特定的；挑剔的 搭配：in particular 尤其 变形：particularly (adv.) 3 passion /ˈpæʃn n. 激情；酷爱 搭配：have passion for 酷爱 变形：passionate (adj.) 4 passive /ˈpæsɪv adj. 被动的 搭配：passive attitude 消极态度 变形：active (adj. 反义) 5 patent /ˈpeɪtnt n. 专利 adj. 专利的 搭配：apply for a patent 申请专利 6 perceive /pəˈsiːv vt. 察觉；理解 搭配：perceive danger 察觉危险 变形：perception (n.) 7 perception /pəˈsepʃn n. 感知；看法 搭配：visual perception 视觉感知 8 permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt adj. 永久的 搭配：permanent job 固定工作 变形：permanently (adv.) 9 persist /pəˈsɪst vi. 坚持；持续 搭配：persist in 坚持 变形：persistence (n.) 10 persistent /pəˈsɪstənt adj. 执着的；持续的 搭配：persistent effort 不懈努力 11 perspective /pəˈspektɪv n. 视角；远景 搭配：from one's perspective 在某人看来 12 persuade /pəˈsweɪd vt. 说服 搭配：persuade sb. to do 说服 变形：persuasion (n.) 13 pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk adj. 悲观的 搭配：be pessimistic about 悲观看待 变形：pessimism (n.) 14 possess /pəˈzes vt. 拥有；支配 搭配：possess wealth 拥有财富 变形：possession (n.) 15 possession /pəˈzeʃn n. 财产；拥有 搭配：in possession of 拥有 16 potential /pəˈtenʃl adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力 搭配：potential risk 潜在风险 17 practise /ˈpræktɪs v. 练习；实践 搭配：practise doing 练习 变形：practice (n.) 18 precise /prɪˈsaɪs adj. 精确的 搭配：precise data 精准数据 变形：precision (n.) 19 predict /prɪˈdɪkt vt. 预测 搭配：predict result 预测结果 变形：prediction (n.) 20 prefer /prɪˈfɜː vt. 更喜欢 搭配：prefer to do 宁愿 变形：preference (n.) 21 prejudice /ˈpredʒʊdɪs n. 偏见 vt. 偏袒 搭配：have prejudice against 对有偏见 22 prevail /prɪˈveɪl vi. 盛行；获胜 搭配：prevail over 战胜 变形：prevalent (adj.) 23 prevalent /ˈprevələnt adj. 普遍的 搭配：prevalent trend 主流趋势 24 prime /praɪm adj. 主要的 n. 盛年 搭配：prime time 黄金时段 25 primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv adj. 原始的 搭配：primitive society 原始社会 26 principal /ˈprɪnsəpl adj. 主要的 n. 校长 搭配：principal reason 主要原因 27 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl n. 原则 搭配：basic principle 基本原则 28 priority /praɪˈɒrəti n. 优先权 搭配：give priority to 优先考虑 29 proceed /prəˈsiːd vi. 继续进行 搭配：proceed to do 接着做 变形：procedure (n.) 30 procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə n. 程序；步骤 搭配：working procedure 工作流程 31 productive /prəˈdʌktɪv adj. 多产的；高效的 搭配：productive work 高效工作 变形：product (n.) 32 profound /prəˈfaʊnd adj. 深刻的 搭配：profound meaning 深层含义 33 progress /ˈprəʊɡres n. 进步 v. 进展 搭配：make progress 取得进步 34 project /ˈprɒdʒekt n. 项目 v. 规划 搭配：carry out a project 执行项目 35 promote /prəˈməʊt vt. 提升；推广 搭配：promote sales 促销 变形：promotion (n.) 36 proposal /prəˈpəʊzl n. 提议 搭配：put forward proposal 提建议 变形：propose (v.) 37 propose /prəˈpəʊz vt. 提议；打算 搭配：propose doing 提议做 38 prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs adj. 繁荣的 搭配：prosperous economy 经济繁荣 变形：prosperity (n.) 39 protest /ˈprəʊtest n. 抗议 v. 反对 搭配：protest against 抗议 40 pursue /pəˈsjuː vt. 追求；从事 搭配：pursue dreams 追梦 变形：pursuit (n.) 41 pursuit /pəˈsjuːt n. 追求 搭配：in pursuit of 追求 42 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt n. 参与者 搭配：activity participant 活动参与者 43 passionate /ˈpæʃənət adj. 热情的 搭配：passionate about 热衷 44 passive /ˈpæsɪv n. 被动语态 搭配：passive voice 被动语态 45 perception /pəˈsepʃn v. 感知 搭配：perceive emotion 感知情绪 46 permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt adv. 永久地 搭配：live permanently 定居 47 persistent /pəˈsɪstənt n. 坚持 搭配：persist to the end 坚持到底 48 perspective /pəˈspektɪv n. 洞察力 搭配：good perspective 独到眼光 49 persuasion /pəˈsweɪʃn n. 劝说 搭配：soft persuasion 婉言劝说 50 pessimism /ˈpesɪmɪzəm n. 悲观情绪 搭配：get rid of pessimism 摆脱悲观 51 possession /pəˈzeʃn n. 占有 搭配：take possession 占据 52 potential /pəˈtenʃl n. 潜能 搭配：tap potential 挖掘潜力 53 precision /prɪˈsɪʒn n. 精度 搭配：high precision 高精度 54 prediction /prɪˈdɪkʃn n. 预言 搭配：weather prediction 天气预报 55 preference /ˈprefrəns n. 偏爱 搭配：personal preference 个人喜好 56 prevalent /ˈprevələnt v. 普及 搭配：prevalent widely 广泛流行 57 primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv n. 原始人 搭配：ancient primitive 原始先民 58 priority /praɪˈɒrəti adj. 优先的 搭配：priority service 优先服务 59 procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə adj. 程序性 搭配：procedure rule 程序规则 60 productive /prəˈdʌktɪv n. 产品 搭配：daily product 日用品 61 profound /prəˈfaʊnd adj. 渊博的 搭配：profound knowledge 学识渊博 62 progress /prəˈɡres v. 推进 搭配：progress steadily 稳步推进 63 project /prəˈdʒekt v. 投射 搭配：project light 投射光线 64 promotion /prəˈməʊʃn n. 晋升 搭配：job promotion 升职 65 prosperous /prɒˈspærəti n. 繁荣 搭配：economic prosperity 经济繁荣 66 protest /prəˈtest v. 申辩 搭配：protest innocence 申辩清白 67 practical /ˈpræktɪkl adj. 实用的 搭配：practical skill 实用技能 变形：practice (n.) 68 predominant /prɪˈdɒmɪnənt adj. 主导的 搭配：predominant factor 主导因素 69 premature /ˌpriːməˈtʃʊə adj. 过早的 搭配：premature decision 草率决定 70 prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt adj. 显著的；杰出的 搭配：prominent figure 知名人士 71 propaganda /ˌprɒpəˈɡændə n. 宣传 搭配：public propaganda 公共宣传 72 prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs adj. 兴旺的 搭配：prosperous business 生意兴隆 73 pursue /pəˈsjuː vt. 追查 搭配：pursue clues 追查线索 74 passionate /ˈpæʃənət n. 热忱 搭配：full of passion 满怀热忱 75 particular /pəˈtɪkjələ adj. 详细的 搭配：particular description 详述 76 patent /ˈpeɪtnt vt. 申请专利 搭配：patent invention 为发明申专利 77 persist /pəˈsɪst adj. 顽固的 搭配：persistent idea 执念 78 principal /ˈprɪnsəpl n. 负责人 搭配：school principal 校长 79 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl v. 恪守原则 搭配：stick to principle 坚守原则 80 prime /praɪm adj. 优质的 搭配：prime goods 优等货品 维度二：英译汉版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 panic 2 permanent 3 panel 4 precise 5 participate 6 persevere 7 penetrate 8 proposal 9 particular 10 perspective 11 perceive 12 persuade 13 peculiar 14 prospective 15 pessimistic 16 preference 17 promising 18 postpone 19 philosopher 20 prevail 21 patent 22 potential 23 plunge 24 primitive 25 pursuit 26 primary 27 portrait 28 prescribe 29 peak 30 proportional 31 polish 32 prosperous 33 peer 34 property 35 privilege 36 punctual 37 pension 38 passion 39 precaution 40 preliminary 维度三：汉译英版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 恐慌；（使）恐慌 2 永久的；永恒的 3 面板；专门小组 4 精确的；准确的 5 参加；参与 6 坚持不懈；锲而不舍 7 穿透；渗透 8 提议；建议 9 特别的；特定的 10 观点；看法 11 察觉；感知 12 说服；劝服 13 独特的；奇怪的 14 未来的；预期的 15 悲观的 16 偏爱；偏好 17 有前途的；有希望的 18 推迟；延期 19 哲学家 20 盛行；流行 21 专利 22 潜在的；可能的 23 投入；跳进 24 原始的；早期的 25 追求；追逐 26 首要的；主要的 27 肖像；画像 28 开处方；规定 29 山峰；顶点 30 成比例的 31 擦亮；磨光 32 繁荣的；兴旺的 33 同龄人；同辈 34 财产；资产 35 特权；优惠 36 准时的 37 养老金；抚恤金 38 激情；热情 39 precaution 预防措施；防备 40 preliminary 初步的；预备的 维度四：词形转换版 1. penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/v. 穿透；渗入；洞察（高考阅读难词）→ penetration n. 渗透；洞察力（后缀 - ion）→ penetrating adj. 尖锐的；透彻的→ penetrable adj. 可穿透的→ block v. 阻挡；封锁（语义反义词） 2. perceive /pəˈsiːv/v. 感知；察觉；理解（高考完形 / 阅读核心难词）→ perception n. 感知；看法（后缀 - ption，转换考点）→ perceptive adj. 敏锐的；有洞察力的→ perceptible adj. 可察觉的→ ignore v. 忽视（语义反义词） 3. persist /pəˈsɪst/v. 坚持；持续；存留（高考高频拓展词）→ persistence n. 坚持；毅力（后缀 - ence）→ persistent adj. 执着的；持续的→ persistently adv. 坚持地；持久地→ quit v. 放弃；停止（语义反义词） 4. persuade /pəˈsweɪd/v. 说服；劝说（高考写作核心词）→ persuasion n. 说服；信念（后缀 - sion）→ persuasive adj. 有说服力的→ persuasively adv. 有说服力地→ dissuade v. 劝阻（前缀 dis - 反义） 5. possess /pəˈzes/v. 拥有；占有；支配（高考语法填空必考词）→ possession n. 拥有；财产（后缀 - sion）→ possessive adj. 占有欲强的；所属的→ dispossess v. 剥夺（前缀 dis - 反义） 6. postpone /pəˈspəʊn/v. 推迟；延期（高考完形难词）→ postponement n. 延期；推迟（后缀 - ment）→ postponed adj. 被推迟的→ advance v. 提前（语义反义词） 7. preclude /prɪˈkluːd/v. 排除；阻碍；使不可能（高考阅读冷门高阶词）→ preclusion n. 排除；阻止（后缀 - sion）→ preclusive adj. 起阻碍作用的→ allow v. 允许（语义反义词） 8. predominate /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/v. 主导；占优势（高考议论文难词）→ predominance n. 优势；主导地位（后缀 - ance）→ predominant adj. 主要的；占主导的→ subordinate adj. 次要的（语义反义词） 9. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/v. 保护；保存；保留 n. 保护区（高考阅读高频词）→ preservation n. 保护；保存（后缀 - ation）→ preservative n. 防腐剂 adj. 防腐的→ destroy v. 破坏（语义反义词） 10. provoke /prəˈvəʊk/v. 激怒；挑起；引发（高考完形人物描写词）→ provocation n. 挑衅；激怒（后缀 - ation）→ provocative adj. 挑衅的；煽动性的→ calm v. 使平静（语义反义词） 维度五：短语词块版 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 keep pace with 跟上；与...同步 2 package tour 包价旅游 3 take pains 尽力；费苦心 4 parallel to 与...平行 5 participate in 参加；参与 6 be particular about 对...挑剔 7 in particular 尤其；特别 8 pass away 去世；消逝 9 passion for 对...的热情 10 pave the way for 为...铺平道路 11 pay off 还清；取得成功 12 be peculiar to 为...所特有 13 persevere in 坚持不懈地做 14 persist in 坚持；执意 15 persuade sb. to do 说服某人做某事 16 persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 17 pile up 堆积；积累 18 take the place of 代替；取代 19 play tricks on 捉弄；欺骗 20 take pleasure in 以...为乐 21 plunge...into 使...陷入 22 point out 指出 23 make one’s point 表明观点 24 be popular with 受...欢迎 25 put...into practice 把...付诸实践 26 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做...而不愿做... 27 make preparations for 为...做准备 28 in the presence of 在...面前 29 at present 目前；现在 30 preserve...from 保护...免受... 31 press conference 新闻发布会 32 under pressure 在压力下 33 prevent...(from) 阻止；防止 34 take pride in 以...为傲 35 in the process of 在...的过程中 36 prohibit...from 禁止...做... 37 provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 38 pull down 拆毁；推翻 39 on purpose 故意地 40 put up with 忍受；容忍 维度六：验收测试版 Test 14（P字母） 一、配对 1 prejudice A 生产 (性) 的；富有成效的；多产的 2 productive B 职业的；专业人员的 3 professional C 偏见，成见 4 profile D 著名的；杰出的 5 prominent E 侧影；概述；简介 二、请写出所给短语的中文 / 英文意思 1. practice makes perfect. 2. plunge / jump into water 3. persist in / stick to one’s opinion 4. be peculiar to 5. personalized service 6. a new perspective on life 7. in pursuit of 8. perceive sb. / sth. as 9. place emphasis / stress on 10. poverty-stricken areas 11. have a pile of / piles of work to do 12. for the purpose of 13. polish one’s article 14. develop one’s potential to the full 三、选词填空 profitable proceed procedure pursue principal principle previous pregnant profession pretended puzzled 1. Female workers during their ______________ period have their work load and work time reduced. 2. This was not the first time he had ______________ his dad with questions that she could not answer. 3. Although he ______________ to sympathize, he was laughing in his sleeve. 4. In the ______________ chapter, we introduced the concept of flow, where a person enters a highly productive mental state by working in harmony with her tools. 5. Because industrial countries account for so large a share of world output, their policies will play a ______________ role in determining how the world economy performs. 6. A learning society in which all the people will learn or even ______________ life-long education will emerge to boost their all - round development. 7. Other people find this ______________ difficult and prefer a way to accomplish it without having to hold the mouse button down while they drag. 8. Fortunately that is not the opinion of the majority, or the government of this enlightened country could not ______________. 9. Comrade Bethune was a doctor, who took medical treatment as his ______________ and was constantly perfecting his skill. 10. He studied the German market to find the potential there for ______________ investment. 四、词块翻译 1. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 向某人订购某物 2. 把衣服装进手提箱 3. 按自己的节奏学习 4. 在…中起作用 5. 对……特别挑剔 6. 对……失去耐心 7. 申请专利 8. 对……有强烈爱好 9. 处在巅峰 10. 步行街 11. 包价游；跟团游 12. 优先考虑 13. 煞费苦心；竭尽全力 14 .一种社会现象 五、完成句子翻译（用所给单词） 1. 因为各种原因，这场比赛已经三度延期了。(postpone) The game _____________________________ for various reasons. 2. 他具备很多值得同龄人学习的优秀品质，例如毅力、勤奋和创造力。(possess) He __________________________ that his ________ can learn from, such as ________________________. 3. 把你要做的事情列出来，确定任务的轻重缓急，然后制定一个时间表。(prioritize) Make a list of what you need to do, _______________________________________________. 4. 一味责备孩子犯了错是没有意义的，你需要给出实际可行的建议。(point) ___________________________________ for making mistakes. You need to give _______________. 5. 既然事关在场每个人的利益，我无权替大家做最终的决定。(position) Since it concerns / is concerned with ____________________ , I am not ________________ for you. （选词填空） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. piloted B. precisely C. barriers D. fault E. misjudge F. life-threatening G. transition H. priorities I. tempted J. posed K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Driving has many downsides: There’s pollution, traffic, finding a place to park. But worst of all are the crashes. In 2023, an estimated 40,990 people were killed in car crashes in the United States. Reducing traffic crashes should be among the nation’s highest ____11____. Behind each one lie many human errors. People get behind the wheel when they are drunk or sleepy, and they text or talk on their phones instead of paying attention to the road. Or they simply ____12____ road conditions. Enormous work has gone into reducing these human errors. But data from Waymo, Alphabet’s self-driving car unit, suggests that a better strategy might be to take the driver out of the picture and let vehicles be ____13____ by machines that will never get distracted or drunk, or be ____14____ to break traffic laws because they’re running late. Waymo robotaxis have logged 33 million miles and the company’s figures show that Waymo robotaxi vehicles deliver ____15____ better safety performance. Compared with cars driven by humans, Waymo vehicles have been involved in 62 percent fewer police-reported crashes and 78 percent fewer crashes that resulted in injury. Timothy B. Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that ____16____ no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the ____17____ of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce ____18____ crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory ____19____ that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the _____20_____. The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $