2027年高考英语一轮复习培优收官卷02（北京专用）

**基本信息** 聚焦时代情境与核心素养，适配高考一轮复习的培优需求，涵盖语言运用、思维提升与文化理解，通过真实语境与创新题型强化综合能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识运用（完形填空）|10题/15分|词汇辨析、语境理解|以“国际学生跨文化适应”新考向素材，考查情感态度与逻辑连贯，培育语言能力与文化意识| |知识运用（语法填空）|10题/15分|虚词运用、语法规则|原创生活化语篇（阅读习惯、志愿活动等），强化基础知识与语用能力，提升学习能力| |阅读理解|19题/38分|信息提取、推理判断|涵盖科技（机器人鱼清理微塑料）、环保（自然资本）等前沿主题，设题层次分明，发展思维品质| |书面表达|5题/32分|信息整合、应用写作|阅读表达结合“慢时尚与工匠精神”，邮件写作贴近真实交际，注重语言输出与价值传递|

2027年高考英语一轮复习培优收官卷02（北京专用） 英 语·参考答案 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 【答案】1. which 2. ourselves 3. have remained 4. Without 【答案】5. cleaned 6. stories 7. offering 【答案】8. whether 9. to realize 10. Led 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【答案】24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. G 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节：阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分) 【答案】 40．Many people today are looking for clothes that last, are made with intention, and carry real meaning. / Garments that carry culture, family stories, and time-honored skills. 41．A broader cultural reevaluation and sustainability. 42．Many smaller fashion brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to gain popularity. According to the passage, Many smaller brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to avoid waste. 43．I will apply craftsmanship in home decoration. I’ll pick natural materials like bamboo and stone. Then, I’ll use hand-carving and weaving techniques to make unique decorations, adding a natural and artistic touch to my home. 第二节（20分） 【答案】Dear Jim, I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you. I’m delighted to inform you that I won the first prize in the English speech contest. During my preparation, you offered me great help. Not only did you polish my speech draft, but you also patiently corrected my pronunciation and taught me some speaking skills. Thanks to your guidance, I performed confidently in the contest. Personally, I have gained plenty from this experience. I have improved my oral English and learned how to express myself logically. Again, thank you for your generous help. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考英语一轮复习培优收官卷02（北京专用） 英 语 （满分100分，考试用时90分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （新考向）Arriving in the U.K. for university, I was eager to join political science debates. In my first tutorial, I presented ideas on global inequality, but my stumbling speech and thick accent left others ___1___ —no one understood my points. I felt invisible, my voice lost in a haze of mispronunciations and awkward pauses. This experience slowly weakened my confidence. I stopped speaking in class, convinced that my “broken English” was ___2___ of attention. One day, I heard a speech by Chimamanda Adichie, and a quote from it ___3___ me: staying silent allowed others to “define my story”. I promised to reclaim my voice—not by ___4___ my accent, but by mastering clarity. I carefully recorded each practice speech, adjusting tone and pace until my meaning ___5___ and sought feedback to prioritize structure over perfection. ___6___ , small signs of progress emerged: a classmate leaning in with a nod, and a tutor scribbling “excellent point” beside my name. The turning point came during a debate on refugee (难民) policies. Hands trembling, I started to share my living experience in Lagos. The room fell ___7___ . When I finished, the tutor said, “That’s the ___8___ we’ve been missing”. For the first time, my words felt not like barriers, but bridges connecting diverse minds. This journey taught me to own my narrative ___9___ . My accent is a part of my ____10____ , not a flaw to erase. Language, I’ve realized, requires the courage to share truth. In a world hungry for different voices, believing in the value of our own voices is the boldest act. 1. A. unfavorable B. unbelievable C. unsupportive D. unresponsive 2. A. incapable B. unworthy C. free D. typical 3. A. shocked B. confused C. pleased D. struck 4. A. exaggerating B. cultivating C. masking D. acquiring 5. A. cut in B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 6. A. Gradually B. Randomly C. Punctually D. Regularly 7. A. dark B. empty C. silent D. still 8. A. lesson B. wisdom C. perspective D. opportunity 9. A. cautiously B. bravely C. skeptically D. attentively 10. A. identity B. personality C. advantage D. dignity 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A （原创题）Reading is one of the most valuable habits for modern people. Many people choose to read in their free time, __1__ helps them relax and gain new knowledge. Reading can turn simple words into powerful feelings. It also improves our ability to express __2__ (we) clearly. Over the years, traditional paper books __3__ (remain) popular even though e-books are widely used. __4__ regular reading, we may easily lose the chance to enrich our minds. B （原创题）Last weekend, my friends and I took part in a volunteer activity in the community. We __5 __(clean) the public gardens and talked with the elderly residents. An old grandma shared many interesting __6__ (story) about her past life with us. To make the community warmer, we kept __7__ (offer) small help to people around us all day long. We felt happy and meaningful after the activity. C （原创题）Persistence plays an important role in everyone’s life. The biggest doubt is __8__ we can stick to our goals when facing difficulties. Nobody can succeed overnight. If you want __9__ (realize) your dream, you must keep moving forward instead of giving up easily. __10__ (lead) by persistence，you will finally get to success. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Understanding Your Grade in Math Electives （新语境）Your final grade in this math elective reflects your overall proficiency across several key mathematical skills essential for success in advanced mathematics. The assessment focuses on four main areas, each contributing a specific portion to your final mark (note: exact percentages may be adjusted by your instructor). This ensures the evaluation aligns closely with the intended outcomes. • Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%): This evaluates your deep grasp of fundamental theories, definitions, and core principles. Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter. • Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%): Assesses your ability to select and execute (执行) effective strategies, perform accurate and efficient calculations, and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. • Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%): Measures the clarity, logical flow, and precision of your explanations (whether written or verbal). Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance in demonstrating sound mathematical argumentation. • Part 4: Professionalism (10%): Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. Your performance will be evaluated through exams, quizzes, homework, projects, and participation. Specific assignment expectations will be provided. Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly. 21. What grade will Sue get in the end referring to the report below? Sue’s Elective Math Grade Report Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 NOTES 90 90 80 100 Special Bonus: +3 A. 89. B. 90. C. 92. D. 93. 22. Which of the following is critical for higher grades? A. Accurate use of terms. B. Address familiar problems. C. Recall all of the topics. D. Unprepared presentations or essays. 23. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A freshman brochure. B. A college official website. C. An education magazine. D. An advertisement. B （新语境）At 17 years old, most are still learning basic driving skills in America. Once the car is parked, the day is packed with school activities and hanging out with friends. But at 17, Maggie Taraska had a distinctive goal in mind: Fly alone across the United States. Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood. She went to flight school, put in the hours with an instructor and started on her training hours. But on her first takeoff, something didn’t sound right. The plane had lost one of the landing gear wheels. “As soon as I took off, I just heard something was wrong instinctively,” said Maggie. Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself. “I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened; I was thinking about how my parents were on the ground as I knew they were watching.” Stress and panic can cause any of us to make careless decisions. It takes mental practice to calm down. “Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.” Maggie was a little shaky as she talked to the tower, but she had a perfect belly landing that skidded on the infield grass. Her father couldn’t be prouder. “By the time I saw Maggie on her approach, it was a better approach than I could have flown,” he said. Cheers erupted in the tower, and Maggie took a deep breath and climbed out of the plane. Credit does go to the crew for talking to her. Yes, we all need someone to talk us through challenging times, but in the end, it was all Magic at the controls. We could all be forgiven for calling it quits after an experience like that. After all, it was a bit distressing. So walking away would be understandable. But five days later, Maggie was going through her pre-flight safety inspections, checking the wings, especially checking the landing gear. “It feels amazing,” she said, “It gives an incredible sense of liberation.” At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you. 24．What mainly influenced Maggie’s urge to fly alone? A．Her parents’ background in air force. B．Her experience of school activities. C．Her instructor’s encouragements. D．Her basic driving skills. 25．What did Maggie do when hearing something wrong during takeoff? A．She landed the plane immediately. B．She thought of her parents’ expectation. C．She circled a few times to calm herself down. D．She continued flying as if nothing had happened. 26．Which words would best describe Maggie’s personality? A．Proud and intelligent. B．Positive and cautious. C．Patient and responsible. D．Fearless and determined. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Fortune favors the brave. C． A good beginning is half done. D．Practice makes perfect. C （新考向）Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. The project was launched by a team at Sichuan University in southwestern China. The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. The material comes from the breakdown of manufactured plastic products and industrial waste. The team said the robots can be controlled by light. Turning “a near-infrared light laser” on and off causes the fish’s tail to move back and forth, the American Chemical Society said. The robotic fish can swim up to 2.76 body lengths per second. The researchers said this is faster than most similar soft robots. Wang Yuyan was a member of Sichuan University’s research team. She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when damaged, the researchers said. And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it can safely digest the material, the team added. Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or diseases. 28. Why has a robotic fish been created? A. To remove disease in people. B. To clean up pollution in oceans. C. To remove unwanted materials in body. D. To remove microplastic particles in water. 29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The purpose of the robotic fish. B. The function of the robotic fish, C. A further introduction of the robotic fish. D. Potential application of the robotic fish. 30. What will happen to the robotic fish when eaten by a real fish? A. It will be harmless. B. It will repair itself. C. It will take in microplastics. D. It will collect microplastics. 31. What is Wang Yuyan’s attitude to the future use of the robotic fish? A. Pessimistic. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Suspicious. D （新要求）Coastal cities worldwide are squeezed by two opposing forces: urban sprawl (扩张) and the rising sea. This struggle is intensely visible in the flatlands where expanding neighborhoods routinely flood and saltwater flooding damages the river mouths that protect communities from the worst of our climate crisis. Massive resources are being put into environmental restoration projects, and development is subject to many layers of approvals. Yet in 2022 the commissioners of a coastal city voted to expand a legal boundary that contains sprawl to allow a 400-acre warehouse project. They are failing to see the value of this land in the greater ecosystem. Wetlands, coastal plains and forests do cheaply (or even for free) what seawalls and pumps do at a cost of billions of dollars. They are vital infrastructure (基础设施) that makes us more resilient against climate change, and the cost of destroying them or weakening their ability to function must be factored into the decisions we make to build and grow. To do so, the economic incentives to develop any natural landscape should be weighed against the protective economic value that land already provides. Economists call this an “avoided damage” valuation. Local planning boards might consider the value of a sand dune or swamp in flood protection versus the expense of replacing it with a seawall and water pump system. Maintaining and restoring natural infrastructure to support healthy functioning saves money, time and lives. The concept of “natural capital”, or the idea that ecosystem services should be valued in a similar manner as any form of wealth, dates back to the 1970s. Markets have always valued wood as a commodity (商品), for example, but not the services that came along with producing it, such as soil maintenance, carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. We didn’t need a market for resources that industrialists saw as abundant (丰富的) and endlessly renewable. This exploitation (开发资源的) assumption turned out to be very wrong. Failing to measure the benefits of ecosystem services in policy and management decisions is a major reason many of those ecosystems disappeared. It also seems crass to place a dollar amount on ecosystems that we’d rather view as priceless, existing for their own sake and valuable to humans in ways that are beyond capitalism. This preciousness is ethically sound. But developers have long confused priceless with worthless, allowing them to profit without paying for the consequences of destroying the environment. Economic value is never the only reason nature is worth preserving; it is simply a powerful, underused tool to help us make decisions about how to live more sustainably in a climate-changed world. If policy makers considered natural infrastructure in the language of economics, they might recognize just how deeply we rely on it. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. The idea of natural capital can enhance the profit of commodity. B. The economic growth boosts the protection of natural landscape. C. The abundance of resources is not the reason for devaluing them. D. The exploitation of nature reflects the “avoided damage” valuation. 33. What does the underlined word “crass” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Beneficial. B. Inadvisable. C. Relevant. D. unrealistic. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Use Nature as Precious Infrastructure B. preserve Wetlands for Their Own Sake C. Value Ecosystems for Economic Benefits D. Fight Sprawl with Environmental Regulation 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （新考向）We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____35____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____36____ Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____37____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____38____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____39____ This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. It is like rewriting history mentally. B. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. C. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. D. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. G. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节：阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Fast fashion has made it easy for consumers to purchase new clothing frequently and at low cost. But today many people are now seeking something better: clothes that last, are made with intention, and carry real meaning. This is why craftsmanship is coming back. One visible expression of this shift is the renewed interest in repairing garments. From patching worn spots to adding personal embroidery (刺绣), people are doing it for fun or making their own style. With visible mending, they are not hiding the damage, but showing the story. This hands-on engagement fosters a deeper connection between individuals and their clothing. People no longer just want to wear clothes — they want to be part of them. The appreciation for craftsmanship is not limited to personal practices, but extends to a broader cultural reevaluation of fashion traditions. Techniques and styles once dismissed as outdated are now increasingly valued for their detail, history, and authenticity. In contrast to the uniformity promoted by fast fashion, many consumers are turning toward garments that carry culture, family stories, and time-honored skills. You see them in handmade jackets and detailed weaving. Sustainability is another major driver of the revival. Fast fashion generates enormous waste and environmental harm, while handcrafted pieces frequently use natural and recycled materials. Many are made to order, eliminating excess production, and most can be repaired and passed down rather than thrown away. Choosing handmade is gentler on the planet and better to the people making the clothes. While big retailers still push out the most clothes, smaller brands are changing the game — not by volume, but by values. They focus on quality over quantity, working with skilled local makers and using materials that last. To avoid waste, many of them slow down production, skip the constant trend-chasing, and even offer pre-orders, which is gaining popularity for letting people wear something real. In a world full of quick, disposable goods, the comeback of craftsmanship represents not a passing trend, but a fundamental shift toward meaning, responsibility, and lasting value in fashion. 40．What kind of clothes are many people looking for today? 41．Apart from personal interest, what other factors contribute to the comeback of craftsmanship? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.   Many smaller fashion brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to gain popularity. 43．How will you apply craftsmanship in another field besides fashion? (In about 40 words) 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你在“保护地球，守护家园”英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。备赛期间，外教Jim给予了你很多帮助。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达感谢并说明原因； 2. 谈谈你的收获。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考英语一轮复习培优收官卷02（北京专用） 英 语·全解全析 （满分100分，考试用时90分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （新考向）Arriving in the U.K. for university, I was eager to join political science debates. In my first tutorial, I presented ideas on global inequality, but my stumbling speech and thick accent left others ___1___ —no one understood my points. I felt invisible, my voice lost in a haze of mispronunciations and awkward pauses. This experience slowly weakened my confidence. I stopped speaking in class, convinced that my “broken English” was ___2___ of attention. One day, I heard a speech by Chimamanda Adichie, and a quote from it ___3___ me: staying silent allowed others to “define my story”. I promised to reclaim my voice—not by ___4___ my accent, but by mastering clarity. I carefully recorded each practice speech, adjusting tone and pace until my meaning ___5___ and sought feedback to prioritize structure over perfection. ___6___ , small signs of progress emerged: a classmate leaning in with a nod, and a tutor scribbling “excellent point” beside my name. The turning point came during a debate on refugee (难民) policies. Hands trembling, I started to share my living experience in Lagos. The room fell ___7___ . When I finished, the tutor said, “That’s the ___8___ we’ve been missing”. For the first time, my words felt not like barriers, but bridges connecting diverse minds. This journey taught me to own my narrative ___9___ . My accent is a part of my ____10____ , not a flaw to erase. Language, I’ve realized, requires the courage to share truth. In a world hungry for different voices, believing in the value of our own voices is the boldest act. 1. A. unfavorable B. unbelievable C. unsupportive D. unresponsive 2. A. incapable B. unworthy C. free D. typical 3. A. shocked B. confused C. pleased D. struck 4. A. exaggerating B. cultivating C. masking D. acquiring 5. A. cut in B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 6. A. Gradually B. Randomly C. Punctually D. Regularly 7. A. dark B. empty C. silent D. still 8. A. lesson B. wisdom C. perspective D. opportunity 9. A. cautiously B. bravely C. skeptically D. attentively 10. A. identity B. personality C. advantage D. dignity 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者赴英读大学后，因英语不佳在课堂沉默，受名言启发练习提升表达，难民政策辩论中分享经历获认可，明白口音是身份的一部分，应勇敢表达自我。 1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的第一次辅导课上，我提出了关于全球不平等的观点，但我结结巴巴的演讲和浓重的口音让其他人毫无反应——没有人理解我的观点。A. unfavorable不利的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. unsupportive不支持的；D. unresponsive无反应的。根据后文“no one understood my points”可知，没有人理解作者的观点，所以此处指其他人对作者的观点毫无反应。故选D。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不再在课堂上说话了，因为我认为我的“蹩脚英语”不值得关注。A. incapable无能力的；B. unworthy不值得的；C. free自由的；D. typical典型的。根据前文“I stopped speaking in class”可知，作者在课堂上不再说话了，他认为自己的“蹩脚英语”不值得关注。故选B。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我听到了奇曼达·阿迪奇的演讲，演讲上的一句话让我猛地意识到：“保持沉默就等于让别人来‘定义我的故事’。”A. shocked使震惊；B. confused使困惑；C. pleased取悦；D. struck猛地意识到。根据后文“I promised to reclaim my voice”可知，奇曼达·阿迪奇说的话给了作者触动和启发，让作者突然意识到保持沉默是让别人来定义自己。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发誓要重新找回自己的声音——不是通过掩饰我的口音，而是通过掌握清晰度。A. exaggerating夸大；B. cultivating培养；C. masking掩饰；D. acquiring获得。根据前文“but my stumbling speech and thick accent left others ___1___ —no one understood my points.”文“but by mastering clarity”可知，尽管作者浓重的口音让别人不能理解自己的观点，但是作者想要通过掌握清晰度来重新找回自己的声音，而不是通过掩饰自己的口音。故选C。 5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我仔细地记录每一次练习演讲，调整语气和速度，直到我的意思表达清楚，并寻求反馈，把结构放在首位，而不是追求完美。A. cut in插嘴；B. cut off切断；C. cut up切碎；D. cut through穿透，表达清楚。根据前文“no one understood my points”以及“adjusting tone and pace”可知，作者调整语气和速度是为了让意思表达清楚，从而让别人明白。故选D。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，一些微小的进步迹象显现出来：一位同学微微侧身点头示意，一位导师在我的名字旁写下“精彩的观点”。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Randomly随机地；C. Punctually准时地；D. Regularly定期地。根据后文“a classmate leaning in with a nod, and a tutor scribbling “excellent point” beside my name”可知，后文“同学点头、导师标注‘好观点’”是“小的进步迹象”，结合前文作者持续练习可知，进步是逐步出现的。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：房间里顿时安静了下来。A. dark黑暗的；B. empty空的；C. silent安静的；沉默的；D. still静止的。根据上文“The turning point came during a debate on refugee (难民) policies. Hands trembling, I started to share my living experience in Lagos.”可知，作者在分享在拉各斯的生活经历（与难民政策相关的真实体验），结合后文导师肯定作者的发言可知，此时房间应是安静的，大家专注倾听。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说完后，导师说：“这就是我们一直缺失的观点”。A. lesson课程；B. wisdom智慧；C. perspective观点；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“share my living experience in Lagos”可知，作者分享了在拉各斯的生活经历，所以此处导师说这是他们一直缺失的观点。故选C。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我学会了勇敢地讲述自己的故事。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. skeptically怀疑地；D. attentively注意地。根据前文“For the first time, my words felt not like barriers, but bridges connecting diverse minds.(这是我第一次觉得自己的话语不再是一种阻碍，而是一道道桥梁，将各种不同的思想连接在一起)”可知，作者从沉默到勇敢发言，再到获得认可，这段经历教会作者勇敢地掌控自己的叙事。B项“bravely”（勇敢地）呼应“从自卑到自信” 的转变；故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的口音是我的一部分特质，而非需要消除的缺陷。A. identity身份；B. personality个性；C. advantage优点；D. dignity尊严。根据常识和下文“In a world hungry for different voices, believing in the value of our own voices is the boldest act.”可知，口音是作者身份的一部分（来自非英语国家的背景），而非需要消除的缺陷，坚信自己声音的价值，本身就是最勇敢的举动。A项“identity”（身份）符合“口音与个人背景关联” 的语境。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A （原创题）Reading is one of the most valuable habits for modern people. Many people choose to read in their free time, __1__ helps them relax and gain new knowledge. Reading can turn simple words into powerful feelings. It also improves our ability to express __2__ (we) clearly. Over the years, traditional paper books __3__ (remain) popular even though e-books are widely used. __4__ regular reading, we may easily lose the chance to enrich our minds. 【答案】1. which 2. ourselves 3. have remained 4. Without 【解析】本文为说明文，介绍阅读带来的益处与价值。 1.考查定语从句连词。句意：很多人会在闲暇时阅读，这能帮助他们放松并汲取新知识。先行词指代前文整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，故填 which。 2. 考查代词转换。句意：阅读也能提升我们清晰表达自我的能力。固定搭配 express oneself 表示 “表达自我”，主语为 we，此处应用反身代词，故填 ourselves。 3. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，尽管电子书被广泛使用，传统纸质书依旧备受喜爱。Over the years 为现在完成时的标志，主语为复数名词，故填 have remained。 4. 考查介词。句意：倘若不坚持阅读，我们很容易失去丰富内心的机会。根据句意，是“没有”阅读，会失去机会，需要用表否定的介词，因为位于句首，需要大写，故填 Without。 B （原创题）Last weekend, my friends and I took part in a volunteer activity in the community. We __5 __(clean) the public gardens and talked with the elderly residents. An old grandma shared many interesting __6__ (story) about her past life with us. To make the community warmer, we kept __7__ (offer) small help to people around us all day long. We felt happy and meaningful after the activity. 【答案】5. cleaned 6. stories 7. offering 【解析】本文为记叙文，讲述一次社区志愿活动的经历。 5. 考查时态。句意：我们打扫了公共花园，还和年长的居民们聊天。时间状语 Last weekend 表示动作发生在过去，谓语动词用一般过去时，故填 cleaned。 6. 考查名词单复数。句意：一位老奶奶给我们讲了许多她过往生活中有趣的故事。many 后接可数名词复数形式，故填 stories。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让社区变得更温暖，我们一整天都坚持为身边的人提供力所能及的帮助。固定搭配 keep doing sth. 表示 “持续做某事”，后接动名词，故填 offering。 C （原创题）Persistence plays an important role in everyone’s life. The biggest doubt is __8__ we can stick to our goals when facing difficulties. Nobody can succeed overnight. If you want __9__ (realize) your dream, you must keep moving forward instead of giving up easily. __10__ (lead) by persistence，you will finally get to success. 【答案】8. whether 9. to realize 10. Led 【解析】本文为议论文，论述坚持对于成功的重要意义。 8. 考查名词性从句连词。句意：最大的疑问就是我们在遭遇困境时能否坚守目标。该从句位于系动词后作表语，结合句意表示 “是否”，故填 whether。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想实现梦想，就必须不断前行，不要轻易放弃。固定搭配 want to do sth. 表示 “想要做某事”，后接动词不定式，故填 to realize。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在坚持的引导下，你一定能够成功。谓语是will get, 此空为非谓语，主语与空处动词是被动关系，故用过去分词, 又因句首，所以需要大写，故填Led. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Understanding Your Grade in Math Electives （新语境）Your final grade in this math elective reflects your overall proficiency across several key mathematical skills essential for success in advanced mathematics. The assessment focuses on four main areas, each contributing a specific portion to your final mark (note: exact percentages may be adjusted by your instructor). This ensures the evaluation aligns closely with the intended outcomes. • Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%): This evaluates your deep grasp of fundamental theories, definitions, and core principles. Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter. • Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%): Assesses your ability to select and execute (执行) effective strategies, perform accurate and efficient calculations, and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. • Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%): Measures the clarity, logical flow, and precision of your explanations (whether written or verbal). Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance in demonstrating sound mathematical argumentation. • Part 4: Professionalism (10%): Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. Your performance will be evaluated through exams, quizzes, homework, projects, and participation. Specific assignment expectations will be provided. Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly. 21. What grade will Sue get in the end referring to the report below? Sue’s Elective Math Grade Report Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 NOTES 90 90 80 100 Special Bonus: +3 A. 89. B. 90. C. 92. D. 93. 22. Which of the following is critical for higher grades? A. Accurate use of terms. B. Address familiar problems. C. Recall all of the topics. D. Unprepared presentations or essays. 23. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A freshman brochure. B. A college official website. C. An education magazine. D. An advertisement. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【解析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了数学选修课最终成绩的四大组成部分及其权重、各板块的高分要求、成绩计算方式（含附加分规则），并提及成绩评估途径与咨询方式。 21.细节理解题。根据文章中“Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%)(第一部分：概念理解和知识（40%）)”、“Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%)(第二部分：问题解决与应用（30%）)”、“Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%)(第三部分：数学推理与交流（20%）)”、“Part 4: Professionalism (10%)(第四部分：专业精神（10%）)”以及“Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. (成绩单上的分数以百分制为基准，附加分在权重计算完成后计入总分。)”可知，最终成绩由四个部分按比例计算后再加上奖励分。Sue的得分为：90×40%+90×30%+80×20%+100×10% =89，再加上特殊奖励3分，最终成绩为 89+3 = 92。故选C。 22. 细节理解题。根据Part 3部分中“Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance(使用正确的术语，并精心组织解题过程，对于展现严谨的数学论证能力以取得优异成绩至关重要。)”可知，准确使用术语对取得高分至关重要。A选项正确；根据Part 1部分中“Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter.(要取得优异成绩，需要展现出对知识的真正理解，在不同主题间建立富有洞察力的关联，并超越单纯的知识记忆，以体现对该学科内容的真正精通。)”、Part 2 部分中“and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. (运用概念来解决普通练习和新问题。你所采用的逻辑推理过程以及对结果的核查，是至关重要的因素。)”以及Part 4部分中“Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. (考量你是否持续为课堂做好准备、出勤是否准时、能否按时提交所有布置的作业，以及是否积极参与课堂且提出建设性意见。在整个课程期间保持持续投入，将对成绩的这一部分产生积极影响。)”可知，取得优异成绩需要深入理解知识以体现对学科内容的真正精通，逻辑推理过程以及对结果的核查，以及整个课程的持续参与；此外，问题解决与应用部分需要兼顾熟悉的普通练习和新颖问题，专业精神部分要求持续为课堂做好准备并及时交作业，因此B、C、D选项错误；故选A。 23. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据文章最后一段“For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly.(如有任何关于作业期望或你的表现的问题，请点击这里直接与你的导师联系)”可知，文章主要介绍数学选修课最终成绩的四大组成部分及其权重、各板块的高分要求、成绩计算方式等，“click here”是典型的网页操作提示，由此可推断文本可能来自大学官方网站。A选项“新生手册”通常不会有点击链接的提示；C 选项“教育杂志”一般不会涉及具体课程成绩查询及联系instructors 的操作；D 选项“广告”与文本内容不符，故选B。 B （新语境）At 17 years old, most are still learning basic driving skills in America. Once the car is parked, the day is packed with school activities and hanging out with friends. But at 17, Maggie Taraska had a distinctive goal in mind: Fly alone across the United States. Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood. She went to flight school, put in the hours with an instructor and started on her training hours. But on her first takeoff, something didn’t sound right. The plane had lost one of the landing gear wheels. “As soon as I took off, I just heard something was wrong instinctively,” said Maggie. Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself. “I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened; I was thinking about how my parents were on the ground as I knew they were watching.” Stress and panic can cause any of us to make careless decisions. It takes mental practice to calm down. “Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.” Maggie was a little shaky as she talked to the tower, but she had a perfect belly landing that skidded on the infield grass. Her father couldn’t be prouder. “By the time I saw Maggie on her approach, it was a better approach than I could have flown,” he said. Cheers erupted in the tower, and Maggie took a deep breath and climbed out of the plane. Credit does go to the crew for talking to her. Yes, we all need someone to talk us through challenging times, but in the end, it was all Magic at the controls. We could all be forgiven for calling it quits after an experience like that. After all, it was a bit distressing. So walking away would be understandable. But five days later, Maggie was going through her pre-flight safety inspections, checking the wings, especially checking the landing gear. “It feels amazing,” she said, “It gives an incredible sense of liberation.” At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you. 24．What mainly influenced Maggie’s urge to fly alone? A．Her parents’ background in air force. B．Her experience of school activities. C．Her instructor’s encouragements. D．Her basic driving skills. 25．What did Maggie do when hearing something wrong during takeoff? A．She landed the plane immediately. B．She thought of her parents’ expectation. C．She circled a few times to calm herself down. D．She continued flying as if nothing had happened. 26．Which words would best describe Maggie’s personality? A．Proud and intelligent. B．Positive and cautious. C．Patient and responsible. D．Fearless and determined. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Fortune favors the brave. C． A good beginning is half done. D．Practice makes perfect. 【答案】24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的Maggie克服飞行危机后仍独自飞越美国的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood.(Maggie的父母都从空军退役了，所以飞行的渴望是她与生俱来的)”可知，Maggie的父母都从空军退役，所以飞行的冲动在玛姬的血液里，即玛姬的父母在空军服役的背景影响了她独自飞行的冲动。故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself.(她的教练在地面与她通话，与此同时，她盘旋了几圈让自己镇定下来)”可知，当Maggie起飞时听到不对劲的声音，她在空中盘旋了几圈让自己镇定下来。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened;(想到可能发生的所有坏事，我很害怕)”，第四段中“Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.(做几次深呼吸，专注于当下，按照计划行事。我有点恐慌，但还是按照训练的要求做)”以及最后一段中“At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you.(在我们生命中的某个时刻，我们都会第一次遇到这种情况。太可怕了。但如果你直面恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开大门)”可知，Maggie在遇到起落架故障时，虽然害怕，但还是按照训练要求冷静应对，并且在五天后继续飞行，这表明她是一个勇敢且坚定的人。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you.(在我们生命中的某个时刻，我们都会第一次遇到这种情况。太可怕了。但如果你直面恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开大门)”可知，在我们的生活中，总会有第一次面对某种情况的时候，这很可怕，但是如果你面对你的恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开，由此可推知，文章想要告诉我们的是“勇者天助”。故选B。 C （新考向）Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. The project was launched by a team at Sichuan University in southwestern China. The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. The material comes from the breakdown of manufactured plastic products and industrial waste. The team said the robots can be controlled by light. Turning “a near-infrared light laser” on and off causes the fish’s tail to move back and forth, the American Chemical Society said. The robotic fish can swim up to 2.76 body lengths per second. The researchers said this is faster than most similar soft robots. Wang Yuyan was a member of Sichuan University’s research team. She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when damaged, the researchers said. And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it can safely digest the material, the team added. Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or diseases. 28. Why has a robotic fish been created? A. To remove disease in people. B. To clean up pollution in oceans. C. To remove unwanted materials in body. D. To remove microplastic particles in water. 29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The purpose of the robotic fish. B. The function of the robotic fish, C. A further introduction of the robotic fish. D. Potential application of the robotic fish. 30. What will happen to the robotic fish when eaten by a real fish? A. It will be harmless. B. It will repair itself. C. It will take in microplastics. D. It will collect microplastics. 31. What is Wang Yuyan’s attitude to the future use of the robotic fish? A. Pessimistic. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Suspicious. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对科学家们新开发出的一种可以清除水中微塑料颗粒的机器鱼进行了相关介绍。 28. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. (中国科学家表示，他们已经开发出一种机器鱼，可以从水中清除微塑料颗粒。从事该项目的研究人员表示，机器人可以帮助清理世界各地海洋中的塑料污染。)”可知，发明机器鱼是为了清除水中的微塑料颗粒。故选D项。 29. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. ...The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. (这种自动游泳者大约1.3厘米长。它们是由一种柔软的化合物构成的。这些机器人被设计成在水中移动时吸收微塑料。……研究人员表示，机器人已经在浅水区表现良好，他们计划在深水区进行更多测试。科学家们在《纳米快报》的一项新研究中报告了他们的发现。这份报告来自美国化学学会，这是一个由美国国会支持的非营利组织。这种机器鱼的目标是小于5毫米的塑料微粒。研究证实，在许多自然环境中都发现了微塑料污染。)”可知，本段介绍了这种机器鱼的构造、用途、目标以及在水下的工作表现，故本段主要是对这种机器鱼进行了进一步的介绍；故选C项。 30. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it could safely digest the material, the team added. (研究小组补充说，如果机器鱼不小心被真鱼吃了，它可以安全地消化这些物质。)”可知，如果机器鱼不小心被真鱼吃下去了，也能安全地被真鱼所消化，即它是无害的。故选A项。 31. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. (她告诉路透社，这种小巧轻便的机器人目前正出于研究目的被用于收集微塑料。但是王补充说，研究小组计划扩大这种应用，这样机器鱼就可以从深海区域移除大量的微塑料废物。)”可知，王玉燕说研究小组计划扩大这种轻便机器人的应用，让这种机器鱼从深海区域移除微塑料废物，故推知她对于这种机器鱼是抱有积极态度的；根据文章最后一句“Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or disease. (王说，可以开发类似的机器人，放置在人体内去除无用的物质或疾病。)”可知，王提出进一步的设想，即开发类似的机器人，说明她很看好这种机器鱼；综上所述，王玉燕对于这种机器鱼是持有积极、肯定的态度。故选B项。 D （新要求）Coastal cities worldwide are squeezed by two opposing forces: urban sprawl (扩张) and the rising sea. This struggle is intensely visible in the flatlands where expanding neighborhoods routinely flood and saltwater flooding damages the river mouths that protect communities from the worst of our climate crisis. Massive resources are being put into environmental restoration projects, and development is subject to many layers of approvals. Yet in 2022 the commissioners of a coastal city voted to expand a legal boundary that contains sprawl to allow a 400-acre warehouse project. They are failing to see the value of this land in the greater ecosystem. Wetlands, coastal plains and forests do cheaply (or even for free) what seawalls and pumps do at a cost of billions of dollars. They are vital infrastructure (基础设施) that makes us more resilient against climate change, and the cost of destroying them or weakening their ability to function must be factored into the decisions we make to build and grow. To do so, the economic incentives to develop any natural landscape should be weighed against the protective economic value that land already provides. Economists call this an “avoided damage” valuation. Local planning boards might consider the value of a sand dune or swamp in flood protection versus the expense of replacing it with a seawall and water pump system. Maintaining and restoring natural infrastructure to support healthy functioning saves money, time and lives. The concept of “natural capital”, or the idea that ecosystem services should be valued in a similar manner as any form of wealth, dates back to the 1970s. Markets have always valued wood as a commodity (商品), for example, but not the services that came along with producing it, such as soil maintenance, carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. We didn’t need a market for resources that industrialists saw as abundant (丰富的) and endlessly renewable. This exploitation (开发资源的) assumption turned out to be very wrong. Failing to measure the benefits of ecosystem services in policy and management decisions is a major reason many of those ecosystems disappeared. It also seems crass to place a dollar amount on ecosystems that we’d rather view as priceless, existing for their own sake and valuable to humans in ways that are beyond capitalism. This preciousness is ethically sound. But developers have long confused priceless with worthless, allowing them to profit without paying for the consequences of destroying the environment. Economic value is never the only reason nature is worth preserving; it is simply a powerful, underused tool to help us make decisions about how to live more sustainably in a climate-changed world. If policy makers considered natural infrastructure in the language of economics, they might recognize just how deeply we rely on it. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. The idea of natural capital can enhance the profit of commodity. B. The economic growth boosts the protection of natural landscape. C. The abundance of resources is not the reason for devaluing them. D. The exploitation of nature reflects the “avoided damage” valuation. 33. What does the underlined word “crass” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Beneficial. B. Inadvisable. C. Relevant. D. unrealistic. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Use Nature as Precious Infrastructure B. preserve Wetlands for Their Own Sake C. Value Ecosystems for Economic Benefits D. Fight Sprawl with Environmental Regulation 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 32. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This preciousness is ethically sound. But developers have long confused pricelessness with worthlessness, allowing them to profit without paying for the consequences of destroying the environment. (这种珍贵性在道德层面上是合理的。但长期以来，开发商们将“无价”与“无价值”混为一谈，使得他们能够通过破坏环境而获利，却无需为此承担任何后果。)”可知，资源丰富并不是使其贬值的理由。故选C。 33. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“place a dollar amount on ecosystems that we’d rather view as priceless, existing for their own sake and valuable to humans in ways that are beyond capitalism. (在我们宁愿视为无价之宝的生态系统上投入一美元，这些生态系统因其自身而存在，对人类的价值超越了资本主义。)”可知，在我们宁愿视为无价之宝的生态系统上投入一美元是不明智的，划线词意为“不明智的，愚蠢的”，和inadvisable意思相近，故选B。 34. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If policy makers considered natural infrastructure in the language of economics, they might recognize just how deeply we rely on it. (如果政策制定者用经济学的语言来考虑自然基础设施，他们可能会意识到我们对它的依赖程度有多深。)”以及第三段“Wetlands, coastal plains and forests do cheaply (or even for free) what seawalls and pumps do at a cost of billions of dollars. They are vital infrastructure (基础设施) that makes us more resilient against climate change, and the cost of destroying them or weakening their ability to function must be factored into the decisions we make to build and grow. (湿地、沿海平原和森林能够以低廉的成本（甚至完全免费）完成海堤和抽水机所承担的任务，而后者所需的成本则高达数十亿美元。它们是至关重要的基础设施，有助于我们更好地抵御气候变化的影响。因此，在我们做出建设和发展决策时，必须将破坏这些基础设施或削弱其运行能力所带来的代价纳入考量之中。)”及全文内容可知，本文主要论述了自然生态系统作为基础设施的意义和重要性。A选项“将自然视为宝贵的基础设施”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （新考向）We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____35____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____36____ Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____37____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____38____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____39____ This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. It is like rewriting history mentally. B. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. C. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. D. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. G. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. G 【解析】本文是说明文。主要解释“反事实思维”这一心理现象。 35. 根据前文“We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works.(我们在很多方面运用我们的想象力。小说家依靠它来构思情节、人物和场景。艺术家们用它来创作新作品)”可知，此处作者在举例人们在哪些方面运用我们的想象力，所以D项“Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds.(孩子们通过在脑海中创造幻想世界来娱乐自己)”符合此处主题，为孩子们如何运用想象力，并和后文“For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking.(然而，对于成年人来说，想象力最常见的用途之一是反事实思维)”形成对比。故选D项。 36. 根据前文“Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results.(你是否常常会沉浸在关于“原本可能如何”的深沉思绪中？想象着不同的选择、各异的结果，反复思量自己曾做过的决定？如果是这样，那么你其实已经体验过一种被称为“反事实思维”的认知过程。这是一种心理活动，让我们得以构想“假如当时……”的情境，并推敲不同的选择或境遇会如何引向不同的结局)”可知，A项“It is like rewriting history mentally.(这就像是在精神上改写历史)”是对前文的简单总结，符合文意。故选A项。 37. 根据前文“Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time.(反事实思维可以成为行为调节的有力工具。例如，山姆申请了一份工作，但没有得到机会。在这种情况下，他想：“如果我准备得更充分，我能给面试官留下深刻的印象，让他雇用我吗？”山姆可能会明白一些影响他求职结果的因素，下次会做得更好)”可知，本段在讲述反事实思维带来的好处，所以B项“Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits.(考虑“如果”的问题显然会带来好处)”符合本段主题，而后文“By imagining alternative scenarios and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future.(通过想象不同的场景并反思我们的行为，我们可以识别错误，从中吸取教训，并为未来调整我们的行为)”是对B项的解释。故选B项。 38. 设空位于段首，应是本段中心句，根据后文“When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being.(当走向极端时，反事实思维会导致无尽的遗憾。我们都有过这样的经历——晚上睡不着觉，回想那些尴尬的时刻或错失的机会，用“如果……会怎样”折磨自己。这种过度的反事实思维可能是过度思考的典型特征，它会对我们的心理健康和福祉产生严重的负面影响)”可知，本段主要讲述反事实思维的坏处，所以C项“Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive.(然而，让你的想象力自由发挥并不总是有成效的)”和前文构成转折，引出坏处主题，符合文意。故选C项。 39. 前文提到反事实思维的坏处，再根据后文“This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle.(这样，我们就可以建设性地使用它，而不会陷入低效的思维循环)”可知，空处应是提出一个解决方法，所以G项“We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone.(我们应该在吸取过去的教训和接受无法挽回的事实之间找到平衡)”符合，提出对前文坏处的解决方案。故选G项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节：阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Fast fashion has made it easy for consumers to purchase new clothing frequently and at low cost. But today many people are now seeking something better: clothes that last, are made with intention, and carry real meaning. This is why craftsmanship is coming back. One visible expression of this shift is the renewed interest in repairing garments. From patching worn spots to adding personal embroidery (刺绣), people are doing it for fun or making their own style. With visible mending, they are not hiding the damage, but showing the story. This hands-on engagement fosters a deeper connection between individuals and their clothing. People no longer just want to wear clothes — they want to be part of them. The appreciation for craftsmanship is not limited to personal practices, but extends to a broader cultural reevaluation of fashion traditions. Techniques and styles once dismissed as outdated are now increasingly valued for their detail, history, and authenticity. In contrast to the uniformity promoted by fast fashion, many consumers are turning toward garments that carry culture, family stories, and time-honored skills. You see them in handmade jackets and detailed weaving. Sustainability is another major driver of the revival. Fast fashion generates enormous waste and environmental harm, while handcrafted pieces frequently use natural and recycled materials. Many are made to order, eliminating excess production, and most can be repaired and passed down rather than thrown away. Choosing handmade is gentler on the planet and better to the people making the clothes. While big retailers still push out the most clothes, smaller brands are changing the game — not by volume, but by values. They focus on quality over quantity, working with skilled local makers and using materials that last. To avoid waste, many of them slow down production, skip the constant trend-chasing, and even offer pre-orders, which is gaining popularity for letting people wear something real. In a world full of quick, disposable goods, the comeback of craftsmanship represents not a passing trend, but a fundamental shift toward meaning, responsibility, and lasting value in fashion. 40．What kind of clothes are many people looking for today? 41．Apart from personal interest, what other factors contribute to the comeback of craftsmanship? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.   Many smaller fashion brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to gain popularity. 43．How will you apply craftsmanship in another field besides fashion? (In about 40 words) 【答案】 40．Many people today are looking for clothes that last, are made with intention, and carry real meaning. / Garments that carry culture, family stories, and time-honored skills. 41．A broader cultural reevaluation and sustainability. 42．Many smaller fashion brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to gain popularity. According to the passage, Many smaller brands slow down production and even offer pre-orders to avoid waste. 43．I will apply craftsmanship in home decoration. I’ll pick natural materials like bamboo and stone. Then, I’ll use hand-carving and weaving techniques to make unique decorations, adding a natural and artistic touch to my home. 【导语】文章阐述匠心工艺回归时尚的原因、表现及深远意义。 【详解】 40．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“But today many people are now seeking something better: clothes that last, are made with intention, and carry real meaning. (但如今许多人正在寻找更好的东西：耐穿的、用心制作的、承载真正意义的衣服。)”以及第三段中“In contrast to the uniformity promoted by fast fashion, many consumers are turning toward garments that carry culture, family stories, and time-honored skills. (与快时尚推崇的千篇一律不同，如今许多消费者转而选择承载文化底蕴、家族故事与传统精湛工艺的服饰。)”可知，如今许多人正在寻找耐穿、用心制作且具有真正意义的衣服，或者寻找承载文化、家庭故事和传统技艺的服装。 41．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The appreciation for craftsmanship is not limited to personal practices, but extends to a broader cultural reevaluation of fashion traditions. (对手工艺的欣赏不仅限于个人实践，还扩展到对时尚传统的更广泛的文化重新评估。)”以及第四段中“Sustainability is another major driver of the revival. (可持续性是这一复兴的另一个主要驱动因素。)”可知，除了个人兴趣，更广泛的文化重新评估和可持续性也是促进手工艺回归的因素。 42．考查细节理解。句意：许多小型时尚品牌放慢生产速度，甚至提供预订服务是为了获得人气。根据第四段中“To avoid waste, many of them slow down production, skip the constant trend-chasing, and even offer pre-orders, which is gaining popularity for letting people wear something real. (为了避免浪费，它们中的许多品牌放慢了生产速度，不再盲目追逐潮流，甚至提供预订服务——这种做法正越来越受欢迎，因为它让人们能够穿上真正有意义的衣物。)”可知，小型品牌这样做的主要目的是为了避免浪费，而不是为了获得人气。因此原句中的“to gain popularity”是错误的，应改为“to avoid waste”。 43．开放性题目。此题要求提出除时尚领域外在其他领域应用手工艺的方案，答案不唯一，合理即可。例如，我会将手工艺应用于家居装饰中。我会选用竹子、石头等天然材料，然后运用手工雕刻和编织技艺制作独特的装饰品，为家增添一份自然与艺术的气息。 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你在“保护地球，守护家园”英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。备赛期间，外教Jim给予了你很多帮助。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达感谢并说明原因； 2. 谈谈你的收获。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you. I’m delighted to inform you that I won the first prize in the English speech contest. During my preparation, you offered me great help. Not only did you polish my speech draft, but you also patiently corrected my pronunciation and taught me some speaking skills. Thanks to your guidance, I performed confidently in the contest. Personally, I have gained plenty from this experience. I have improved my oral English and learned how to express myself logically. Again, thank you for your generous help. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】题目要求考生给外教Jim写一封邮件，对他在备赛期间提供的帮助表示感谢。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 帮助：help→assistance 指导：guidance→instruction 获得：gain→obtain 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thanks to your guidance, I performed confidently in the contest. 拓展句：Since you have guided me patiently, I performed confidently in the contest. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m delighted to inform you that I won the first prize in the English speech contest.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Not only did you polish my speech draft, but you also patiently corrected my pronunciation and taught me some speaking skills.（运用了部分倒装） （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $