Unit4词汇汇总 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

表格_20260528 · 译林版八下unit4词汇汇总 序号 单词 音标（考点） 词性和词义（考点） 词性延伸（考试重点） 固定搭配（考点） 词性转换（考试重点+助力阅读） 例句（熟悉使用） 首字母填空（熟悉考点） 1 a good read /ə ɡʊd riːd/ n. 好读物，好书（或文章等） 名词短语，复数：good reads a good read for teenagers 适合青少年的好读物 — This book about animals is really a good read. Have you found any g____ r____ to read during the holiday? a good read on history 一本好的历史读物 2 *fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 小说 n. 不可数名词 science fiction 科幻小说 fictional adj. 虚构的；小说的 I like reading fiction more than non-fiction. She spends most of her free time reading f____. read fiction 读小说 3 *non-fiction /ˌnɒn ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 非虚构作品 n. 不可数名词 non-fiction books 非虚构类书籍 — I prefer non-fiction because it tells true stories. This book is n____ f____; it's based on the writer's real life. history non-fiction 历史纪实 4 make up /meɪk ʌp/ 短语：创作，编写；编造；组成；化妆 动词短语 make up a story 编故事 — The writer made up a wonderful story for children. Can you m____ u____ a poem about spring? make up one's mind 下定决心 be made up of 由… 组成 5 novel /ˈnɒvl/ n. （长篇）小说 n. 可数名词，复数：novels read a novel 读小说 novelist n. 小说家 I have read three novels written by Mo Yan. This n____ is so interesting that I can't put it down. write a novel 写小说 6 *crash /kræʃ/ vi. & vt. 撞击，碰撞 vi. & vt. 过去式：crashed car crash 车祸 — vi. The car crashed into a big tree last night. The truck c____ into a wall and the driver was hurt. n. 碰撞；坠毁 过去分词：crashed plane crash 飞机失事 n. There was a serious crash on the highway yesterday. 现在分词：crashing crash into 撞上 n. 可数名词，复数：crashes 7 be tired out /bi ˈtaɪəd aʊt/ 短语：累极了 形容词短语 be tired out from work 工作累极了 — I was tired out after cleaning the whole house. After the long walk, we were all completely t____ o____. be tired out after running 跑步后累极了 8 stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 腹部；胃 n. 可数名词，复数：stomachs have a stomachache 胃痛 stomachache n. 胃痛；腹痛 I have a pain in my stomach because I ate too much. My s____ hurts. I think I ate something bad. empty stomach 空腹 9 fall over /fɔːl ˈəʊvə(r)/ 短语：摔倒 动词短语 fall over and hurt oneself 摔倒受伤 — The little girl fell over and hurt her knee. Be careful not to f____ o____ on the wet floor. fall over on the ice 在冰上摔倒 10 continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ vt. & vi. 继续 过去式：continued continue doing sth. = continue to do sth. 继续做某事 continuous adj. 连续的；持续的 We will continue our game after a short break. If you c____ practicing every day, you will play the piano well. 过去分词：continued continue with sth. 继续某事 现在分词：continuing 11 either /ˈaɪðə(r); ˈiːðə(r)/ adv. 也（用于否定句） adv. 无比较级最高级 either... or... 或者… 或者… — adv. I don't like swimming, and I don't like running either. If you don't go to the party, I won't go e____. pron. （两者中的）任何一个 pron.（单数） either of the two 两个中的任何一个 pron. You can take either of the two pens. adj. （两者中）任一的 adj. 无比较级最高级 12 break free /breɪk friː/ 短语：逃脱，挣脱 动词短语 break free from the cage 从笼子里逃脱 — The bird broke free from the cage and flew into the sky. The prisoner tried to b____ f____ but was caught by the police. break free from control 挣脱控制 13 pull /pʊl/ vt. 抽出 vt. & vi. 过去式：pulled pull out 抽出；拔出 — vt. She pulled a letter from her bag. Please h____ the door open for me. It's stuck. vt. & vi. 拉，拖 过去分词：pulled pull down 拆毁 n. Give the rope a hard pull. n. 拉；拖；拉力 现在分词：pulling pull sb.'s leg 开某人玩笑 n. 可数名词，复数：pulls 14 rope /rəʊp/ n. 绳索 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：ropes jump rope 跳绳 — We used a strong rope to climb up the mountain. The climbers were tied together with a r____ to keep safe. tie sth. with a rope 用绳子绑某物 15 army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 大批，大群；陆军部队 n. 可数名词，复数：armies join the army 参军 — My brother joined the army when he was 18 years old. An a____ of bees flew out of the tree when we got close. an army of ants 一大群蚂蚁 16 straight /streɪt/ adv. 径直；笔直地 adv. 无比较级最高级 go straight 直走 — adv. Go straight and turn right at the first crossing. Go s____ down this street and you will see the library on your right. adj. 直的；笔直的 adj. 比较级：straighter straight line 直线 adj. This is a straight road with no turns. 最高级：straightest straight hair 直发 17 whom /huːm/ pron. 谁，什么人 pron.（宾格，正式用语） to whom 给谁 who pron. 谁（主格） Whom are you going to the cinema with? To w____ did you give the birthday present? with whom 和谁 whose pron. 谁的 18 review /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评论 n. 可数名词，复数：reviews book review 书评 — n. I read a good review of this movie online. Before the exam, you should r____ all the new words we learned. vt. 复习；回顾；评论 vt. 过去式：reviewed review lessons 复习功课 vt. I need to review my English lessons for the test. 过去分词：reviewed review a movie 评论电影 现在分词：reviewing 19 discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ vt. 讨论，谈论，商量 过去式：discussed discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 discussion n. 讨论；谈论 We discussed our summer vacation plans yesterday. Let's d____ where to go for our school trip next week. 过去分词：discussed discuss a problem 讨论问题 现在分词：discussing 20 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 确定；必定；某一 adj. 无比较级最高级 be certain of sth. 对某事有把握 certainly adv. 无疑；肯定 I am certain that he will come to help us. Are you c____ that you locked the front door? be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事 certainty n. 确定；肯定 a certain person 某个人 21 advise /ədˈvaɪz/ vt. & vi. 提出建议；劝告 过去式：advised advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advice n. 建议；劝告 My teacher advised me to read more English books every day. I a____ you to get enough sleep before the exam. 过去分词：advised advise against doing sth. 建议不要做某事 adviser n. 顾问；导师 现在分词：advising 22 hand in /hænd ɪn/ 短语：提交，呈交，上交 动词短语 hand in homework 交作业 — Please hand in your homework before class begins. You must h____ i____ your project by Friday afternoon. hand in a report 提交报告 hand in on time 按时上交 23 timetable /ˈtaɪmteɪbl/ n. 时间表；时刻表 n. 可数名词，复数：timetables school timetable 课程表 — I check my timetable every morning to see what classes I have. Can you give me a copy of the new school t____? train timetable 火车时刻表 check the timetable 查看时刻表 24 paragraph /ˈpærəɡrɑːf/ n. 段落 n. 可数名词，复数：paragraphs first paragraph 第一段 — There are six paragraphs in this short passage. Please read the first p____ of the text aloud. write a paragraph 写一段 read Paragraph 3 读第三段 25 *summary /ˈsʌməri/ n. 总结 n. 可数名词，复数：summaries write a summary 写总结 summarize v. 总结；概括 Please write a summary of the passage in your own words. At the end of the class, the teacher gave us a s____ of the main points. a summary of the story 故事的总结 make a summary 做总结 26 ending /ˈendɪŋ/ n. 结尾，结局 n. 可数名词，复数：endings happy ending 圆满结局 end v. 结束；n. 结尾；尽头 The movie had a happy ending that made everyone smile. I don't like the e____ of this story. It's too sad. sad ending 悲伤结局 surprise ending 意外结局 27 rule /ruːl/ n. 规章；规则 n. 可数名词，复数：rules follow the rules 遵守规则 ruler n. 尺子；统治者 n. We must obey the school rules at all times. There are many strict r____ in our school library. v. 统治；支配 v. 过去式：ruled break the rules 违反规则 v. The king ruled the country for 50 years. 过去分词：ruled school rules 校规 现在分词：ruling 28 first of all /fɜːst ɒv ɔːl/ 短语：第一，首先 介词短语 first of all = firstly 首先 — First of all, let me introduce our new classmate. F____ o____ a____, we need to find a place to have lunch. first of all, let's... 首先，让我们… 29 *librarian /laɪˈbreəriən/ n. 图书管理员 n. 可数名词，复数：librarians school librarian 学校图书管理员 library n. 图书馆 The librarian helped me find the book I was looking for. If you can't find the book, ask the l____ for help. ask the librarian for help 向图书管理员求助 30 publishing house /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ haʊs/ n. 出版社 名词短语，复数：publishing houses a famous publishing house 一家著名的出版社 publish v. 出版；发表 This book was published by a big publishing house in Beijing. The new novel will be printed by a large p____ h____ next month. work in a publishing house 在出版社工作 publication n. 出版；出版物 31 unwilling /ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 不愿意的 adj. 比较级：more unwilling be unwilling to do sth. 不愿意做某事 willing adj. 愿意的 He was unwilling to go to the party because he didn't know anyone there. She was u____ to leave her home and move to another city. 最高级：most unwilling be unwilling to help 不愿意帮忙 will n. 意志；意愿 32 sales /seɪlz/ n. [pl.] 销售量；销售 n. 复数名词 sales department 销售部 sell v. 卖；销售 The sales of this new product have increased a lot this month. The s____ of the new phone are much better than expected. sales manager 销售经理 seller n. 卖方；销售者 increase sales 增加销售量 33 copy /ˈkɒpi/ n. 一本（份，册）；复制品 n. 可数名词，复数：copies a copy of 一本；一份 — n. I bought a copy of today's newspaper. Can I have a c____ of your English notes? I missed class yesterday. v. 复制；抄写；抄袭 v. 过去式：copied copy down 抄下来 v. Please copy the new words into your notebook. 过去分词：copied copy homework 抄作业 现在分词：copying 34 especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其，特别 adv. 无比较级最高级 especially for children 尤其适合儿童 especial adj. 特别的；特殊的 I love all kinds of fruits, especially strawberries and bananas. The book is very popular, e____ among middle school students. especially important 尤其重要 especially in summer 尤其在夏天 35 literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n. 文学 n. 不可数名词 English literature 英国文学 literary adj. 文学的；文人的 She is studying Chinese literature at Peking University. I like reading Chinese l____ very much, especially poems. classical literature 古典文学 modern literature 现代文学 36 publisher /ˈpʌblɪʃə(r)/ n. 出版人（或机构） n. 可数名词，复数：publishers book publisher 图书出版商 publish v. 出版；发表 The publisher accepted his novel and decided to print 10,000 copies. The p____ decided to publish the young writer's first book. magazine publisher 杂志出版商 publication n. 出版；出版物 37 *pirate /ˈpaɪrət/ vt. 盗印，窃用 vt. 过去式：pirated pirate software 盗版软件 piracy n. 盗版；海盗行为 vt. It is illegal to pirate movies and music. It is wrong to p____ software without paying for it. n. 海盗 过去分词：pirated pirate movies 盗版电影 n. Pirates used to attack ships on the sea many years ago. 现在分词：pirating Pirates of the Caribbean 《加勒比海盗》 n. 可数名词，复数：pirates 38 reader /ˈriːdə(r)/ n. 读者 n. 可数名词，复数：readers regular reader 忠实读者 read v. 读；阅读 This magazine has over 500,000 readers around the country. The book is very popular among young r____ aged 10 to 15. young reader 年轻读者 reading n. 阅读；读物 reader of the magazine 杂志的读者 39 difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n. 困难 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：difficulties have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 difficult adj. 困难的；艰难的 I have some difficulty in learning English grammar. He had great d____ finishing the work by himself. with difficulty 困难地 face difficulties 面对困难 40 have difficulty (in) doing sth /hæv ˈdɪfɪkəlti ɪn ˈduːɪŋ ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ 短语：做某事有困难 固定句型 have difficulty in learning English 学英语有困难 — She has difficulty in walking because of her leg injury. Many students have d____ i____ learning English grammar. have difficulty in breathing 呼吸困难 41 *copyright /ˈkɒpiraɪt/ n. 著作权，版权 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：copyrights copyright law 版权法 — You cannot use this photo without permission because of copyright. The writer owns the c____ of all his books. protect copyright 保护版权 copyright infringement 侵犯版权 42 agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/ n. 同意；一致；协议 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：agreements reach an agreement 达成协议 agree v. 同意；赞成 We finally reached an agreement after a long discussion. The two companies have signed an a____ to work together. in agreement with 与… 一致 sign an agreement 签署协议 43 market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n. 市场 n. 可数名词，复数：markets go to the market 去市场 marketing n. 营销；推销 n. My mother buys vegetables at the market every morning. There is a big m____ near our house where we can buy fresh food. v. 推销；营销 v. 过去式：marketed supermarket 超市 v. The company is marketing its new product on TV. 过去分词：marketed market share 市场份额 现在分词：marketing 44 excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ vt. /ɪkˈskjuːs/ n. vt. 原谅 vt. 过去式：excused excuse me 劳驾；请原谅 — vt. Please excuse me for being late. E____ me, can you tell me the way to the nearest bus stop? n. 借口；理由 过去分词：excused make an excuse 找借口 n. He always makes an excuse when he doesn't finish his homework. 现在分词：excusing excuse sb. for sth. 原谅某人某事 n. 可数名词，复数：excuses 45 excuse me /ɪkˈskjuːz miː/ 短语：劳驾，请原谅 固定短语 excuse me for interrupting 抱歉打扰一下 — Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the train station? E____ m____, where is the nearest toilet? excuse me, but... 对不起，但是… 46 within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在… 之内 介词（无比较级最高级） within an hour 一小时之内 — You must finish the work within two days. The supermarket is w____ walking distance from my home. within reach 够得着 within the law 合法 47 *journal /ˈdʒɜːnl/ n. 日志；杂志 n. 可数名词，复数：journals keep a journal 写日志 — She keeps a journal to write down her thoughts every day. My father reads a medical j____ every month to learn new things. science journal 科学杂志 medical journal 医学杂志 48 *title /ˈtaɪtl/ n. 名称，标题；头衔，称谓 n. 可数名词，复数：titles book title 书名 — What's the title of the book you are reading? The t____ of this movie is The Wandering Earth. job title 职位 win the title 赢得冠军 49 *naughty /ˈnɔːti/ adj. 顽皮的，淘气的 adj. 比较级：naughtier naughty boy 淘气的男孩 naughtiness n. 淘气；顽皮 The naughty boy drew pictures on the wall. The little boy is very n____ and always makes his mother angry. 最高级：naughtiest naughty child 调皮的孩子 50 describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ vt. 描述 过去式：described describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物 description n. 描述；描写 Can you describe what the thief looked like to the police? Please d____ your best friend to us. What does he look like? 过去分词：described describe... as... 把… 描述成… 现在分词：describing 51 *faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ adj. 遥远的 adj. 无比较级最高级 faraway place 遥远的地方 — She dreams of traveling to faraway places one day. There is a small village in the f____ mountains. faraway land 遥远的国度 faraway village 偏远的村庄 52 island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. 岛 n. 可数名词，复数：islands small island 小岛 — Hainan Island is a beautiful place to visit in winter. We spent our summer vacation on a small i____ in the sea. on the island 在岛上 desert island 荒岛 53 opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n. 看法，想法 n. 可数名词，复数：opinions in one's opinion 在某人看来 — In my opinion, it's important to learn English well. What's your o____ about the new school rule? give an opinion 发表意见 ask for sb.'s opinion 征求某人的意见 54 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 尽管 conj.（引导让步状语从句） even though 即使 — conj. Though it was cold, we still went out to play. T____ he is only 10 years old, he can speak three languages. adv. 不过，然而 adv. 无比较级最高级 as though 好像 adv. It was raining. We went to the park, though. though = although 虽然 $