Unit8词汇汇总 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

表格_20260528 · 译林版八下unit8词汇汇总 序号 单词 音标（考点） 词性和词义（考点） 词性延伸（考试重点） 固定搭配（考点） 词性转换（考试重点+助力阅读） 例句（熟悉使用） 首字母填空（熟悉考点） 1 cause /kɔːz/ n. 原因；理由；(支持或为之奋斗的)事业，目标 vt. 引起；造成 n. 可数名词，复数：causes vt. 过去式：caused过去分词：caused现在分词：causing cause sth. 引起某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 causal adj. 因果关系的 causation n. 因果关系 n. What is the main cause of water pollution?vt. Smoking can cause serious lung diseases. Too much car exhaust is one of the main c____ of air pollution. 2 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 n. 不可数名词 fertile soil 肥沃的土壤 soil pollution 土壤污染 — Plants grow well in rich black soil. Farmers add fertilizer to the s____ to make crops grow better. 3 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学品的；化学的 n. 化学制品 n. 可数名词，复数：chemicals chemical waste 化学废料 chemical reaction 化学反应 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 adj. This chemical factory produces a lot of waste every day.n. Some chemicals are very harmful to the environment. The factory was fined for releasing dangerous c____ into the river. 4 truck /trʌk/ n. 卡车；载重汽车 n. 可数名词，复数：trucks by truck 乘卡车 truck driver 卡车司机 trucking n. 货车运输业 A big truck is carrying waste to the recycling center. The construction materials were delivered by a large t____. 5 unclean /ˌʌnˈkliːn/ adj. 不洁净的 adj. 比较级：uncleaner最高级：uncleanest unclean water 污水 unclean air 污浊的空气 clean adj. 干净的；v. 打扫 cleaner n. 清洁工；清洁剂 Drinking unclean water can make people sick. The u____ air in the city makes many people have breathing problems. 6 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n. 燃料 v. 给… 提供燃料；加剧 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：fuels v. 过去式：fueled/fuelled过去分词：fueled/fuelled现在分词：fueling/fuelling fossil fuel 化石燃料 fuel tank 油箱 — n. Cars and planes use a lot of fuel every day.v. The rising temperature fuels global warming. Coal and oil are traditional f____ that pollute the environment. 7 pour /pɔː(r)/ vt. 倾倒，倒出 vi. 倾泻 过去式：poured过去分词：poured现在分词：pouring pour out 倒出；倾诉 pour into 涌入 pour down （雨）倾盆而下 pouring n. 倾泻；浇注 vt. Don't pour dirty water into the river.vi. It has been pouring all day long. She p____ some tea into the cup and handed it to me. 8 clear /klɪə(r)/ adj. 清澈的；晴朗的；了解清楚的 v. 清除；使干净 adj. 比较级：clearer最高级：clearest v. 过去式：cleared过去分词：cleared现在分词：clearing clear up （天气）放晴；整理 clear out 清理 it is clear that… 很明显… clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地 clarity n. 清晰；清楚 adj. The sky is clear and blue today.v. We should clear the rubbish from the beach. The fog finally lifted and we had a c____ view of the mountains. 9 eco-friendly /ˌiːkəʊˈfrendli/ adj. 环保的 adj. 比较级：more eco-friendly最高级：most eco-friendly eco-friendly products 环保产品 eco-friendly lifestyle 环保生活方式 eco-friendliness n. 环保性environmentally friendly（同义） We should use more eco-friendly bags instead of plastic ones. Many hotels now provide e____ toiletries to reduce waste. 10 separate /ˈsepəreɪt/ vt. & vi. （使）分开 vt. 区分 过去式：separated过去分词：separated现在分词：separating separate…into… 把… 分成… separate from 与… 分离 / 分开 separation n. 分离；分开 separately adv. 分别地；单独地 vt. & vi. Oil and water separate easily.vt. Can you separate the good apples from the bad ones? It is difficult to s____ fact from fiction in this story. 11 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ vt. 回收利用 过去式：recycled过去分词：recycled现在分词：recycling recycle waste 回收废物 recycle paper 回收纸张 recycling n. 回收利用 recyclable adj. 可回收的 It is important to recycle glass and plastic bottles. Many communities have programs to r____ aluminum cans. 12 level /ˈlevl/ n. 标准，水平 adj. 水平的 v. 使平坦；夷平 n. 可数名词，复数：levels adj. 比较级：leveler最高级：levelest v. 过去式：leveled/levelled过去分词：leveled/levelled现在分词：leveling/levelling high level 高水平 at the level of 在… 水平上 — n. Her English has reached a high level.adj. The table is not level on the floor.v. They leveled the ground to build a new park. The government has raised the safety l____ for food production. 13 successfully /səkˈsesfəli/ adv. 有成效地；成功地 adv. 比较级：more successfully 最高级：most successfully finish sth. successfully 成功完成某事 success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 succeed v. 成功 They successfully finished the environmental project last month. The spaceship s____ landed on the moon after a long journey. 14 total /ˈtəʊtl/ adj. 总的，全部的 n. 总数；合计 可数名词，复数：totals in total 总共；总计 total number 总数 totally adv. 完全地；全部地 adj. The total number of trees we planted is 200.n. The total of our expenses is 500 yuan. The t____ number of students in our school is about 2000. 15 strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严格的 adj. 比较级：stricter最高级：strictest be strict with sb. 对某人严格 be strict in sth. 对某事严格 strictly adv. 严格地 strictness n. 严格 Our school is very strict with students about littering. My parents are very s____ about my bedtime. 16 control /kənˈtrəʊl/ vt. & n. 控制 vt. 过去式：controlled过去分词：controlled现在分词：controlling n. 不可数名词 control oneself 控制自己 lose control of 失去对… 的控制 under control 处于控制之下 controllable adj. 可控制的 controller n. 控制器；管理员 vt. We must try to control air pollution in big cities.n. The fire was finally under control after three hours. You need to learn to c____ your emotions when you are upset. 17 break /breɪk/ vt. 违犯，违背vi. & vt. （使）破，裂，碎n. 休息；破裂 vt./vi. 过去式：broke过去分词：broken现在分词：breakingn. 可数名词，复数：breaks break the rules 违反规则break down 出故障；分解break into 闯入 broken adj. 破碎的；坏掉的 breaker n. 断路器 vt. You must not break the school rules.vi. & vt. The glass broke into pieces when it fell on the floor.n. We have a ten-minute break between classes. Be careful not to b____ the glass when you wash it. 18 punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ vt. & vi. 惩罚 过去式：punished过去分词：punished现在分词：punishing punish sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事惩罚某人 punishment n. 惩罚 punishable adj. 应受惩罚的 The teacher will punish anyone who cheats in the exam. The law will p____ anyone who steals from others. 19 fine /faɪn/ vt. 对… 处以罚款 adj. 好的；晴朗的 n. 罚款 vt. 过去式：fined过去分词：fined现在分词：fining adj. 比较级：finer最高级：finest n. 可数名词，复数：fines fine sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事罚某人款pay a fine 交罚款 finely adv. 精细地；美好地 vt. The police fined him 100 yuan for speeding.adj. What a fine day it is! Let's go for a walk.n. He had to pay a heavy fine for breaking the law. Drivers who run red lights will be f____ heavily. 20 resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源 n. 可数名词，复数：resources natural resources 自然资源 human resources 人力资源 resourceful adj. 足智多谋的resourcefulness n. 足智多谋 Water is a valuable natural resource that we must save. Forests are important natural r____ that provide us with wood and oxygen. 21 wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 明智地 adv. 比较级：more wisely最高级：most wisely use resources wisely 明智地使用资源 wise adj. 明智的 wisdom n. 智慧；才智 We should use our natural resources wisely and carefully. If you spend your money w____, you will have enough for the future. 22 run out /rʌn aʊt/ 短语：用完，耗尽 动词短语 run out of sth. 用完某物（主语是人）sth. run out 某物用完了（主语是物） — We will run out of coal and oil one day if we don't save them. Our supplies will r____ out in three days if we don't get more. 23 widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地，普遍地 adv. 比较级：more widely最高级：most widely be widely used 被广泛使用 widely known 广为人知 wide adj. 宽的；广泛的 widen v. 拓宽；加宽 English is widely used around the world as an international language. His new book has been w____ read by people of all ages. 24 make a difference /meɪk ə ˈdɪfrəns/ 短语：有作用，有影响 动词短语 make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人 / 某事有影响 — Even small actions can make a big difference to the environment. Your support can really m____ a difference to children in need. 25 management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ n. 管理 n. 不可数名词 waste management 废物管理 time management 时间管理 manage v. 管理；设法做成 manager n. 经理；管理人 Good waste management is very important for our city. The company is improving its energy m____ to reduce costs. 26 vote /vəʊt/ vi. & vt. 投票，表决 n. 选票；投票 vi./vt. 过去式：voted过去分词：voted现在分词：voting n. 可数名词，复数：votes vote for sb./sth. 投票支持某人 / 某事vote against sb./sth. 投票反对某人 / 某事 voter n. 选民；投票人 vi. & vt. We will vote for the best plan to protect the environment.n. The vote showed that most people supported the new law. All citizens over 18 have the right to v____ in elections. 27 poster /ˈpəʊstə(r)/ n. 海报 n. 可数名词，复数：posters put up a poster 张贴海报 poster design 海报设计 post v. 张贴；邮寄 The students put up posters about saving water around the school. They designed a colorful p____ to advertise the charity event. 28 pollute /pəˈluːt/ vt. 污染 过去式：polluted过去分词：polluted现在分词：polluting pollute the environment 污染环境 pollute water/air 污染水 / 空气 pollution n. 污染 polluted adj. 被污染的 Some factories pollute the air with black smoke. We must not p____ our rivers and lakes with waste. 29 affect /əˈfekt/ vt. 影响 过去式：affected过去分词：affected现在分词：affecting affect sb./sth. 影响某人 / 某事 be greatly affected by 深受… 的影响 effect n. 影响；效果 effective adj. 有效的 Bad weather can greatly affect our daily life. The change in climate will a____ agriculture around the world. 30 gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体；煤气；汽油 n. 可数 / 不可数名词，复数：gases natural gas 天然气 gas station 加油站 gaseous adj. 气态的；气体的 Cars give off harmful gases into the air. The kitchen stove uses natural g____ for cooking. 31 coughing /ˈkɒfɪŋ/ n. 咳嗽 n. 不可数名词 have a bad coughing 咳嗽得厉害 cough v. & n. 咳嗽 He had a bad coughing because of the dirty air. His loud c____ kept everyone awake last night. 32 seabird /ˈsiːbɜːd/ n. 海鸟 n. 可数名词，复数：seabirds endangered seabirds 濒危海鸟 sea n. 海bird n. 鸟 Oil spills in the sea kill many seabirds every year. We saw many beautiful s____ flying over the ocean. 33 according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tuː/ prep. 依照，根据 介词短语 according to the report 根据报告according to sb. 根据某人所说 — According to the weather report, it will be sunny tomorrow. A____ to scientists, global warming is getting worse. 34 desertification /dɪˌzɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 沙漠化 n. 不可数名词 fight against desertification 防治沙漠化 desert n. 沙漠；v. 遗弃 deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的 Desertification is becoming a serious problem in many parts of the world. D____ is turning large areas of land into deserts every year. 35 hardly /ˈhɑːdli/ adv. 几乎不，几乎没有 副词（无比较级最高级） hardly ever 几乎从不 hardly any 几乎没有 hard adj. 硬的；困难的；adv. 努力地 There is hardly any clean water left in this area. I h____ have time to watch TV these days because of my homework. 36 single-use /ˌsɪŋɡlˈjuːs/ adj. 供一次使用的 adj. 无比较级最高级 single-use plastic 一次性塑料 single-use products 一次性产品 single adj. 单一的 use v. & n. 使用useful adj. 有用的 We should stop using single-use plastic bags. Many cafes have stopped using s____ cups to reduce waste. 37 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n. 损坏，损失；损害 vt. 损害；损坏 n. 不可数名词 vt. 过去式：damaged过去分词：damaged现在分词：damaging do/cause damage to sth. 对某物造成损害serious damage 严重损害 damaged adj. 被损坏的 damaging adj. 有破坏性的 n. The storm caused great damage to the houses.vt. Smoking can damage your health seriously. The earthquake caused a lot of d____ to buildings in the city. 38 solar power /ˌsəʊlə ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 太阳能 n. 不可数名词 use solar power 使用太阳能 solar power station 太阳能发电站 solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 power n. 力量；电力；权力 More and more houses use solar power to get electricity. S____ is a clean and renewable source of energy. 39 second-hand /ˌsekəndˈhænd/ adj. 二手的 adj. 无比较级最高级 second-hand shop 二手商店second-hand car 二手车 second num. 第二 hand n. 手 Buying second-hand clothes is a good way to save money and resources. She found a beautiful s____ dress at the market for only 50 yuan. 40 battery /ˈbætri; ˈbætəri/ n. 电池 n. 可数名词，复数：batteries rechargeable battery 充电电池 battery charger 电池充电器 — We should recycle used batteries instead of throwing them away. My camera needs two AA b____ to work. 41 electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ adj. 电子的 adj. 无比较级最高级 electronic products 电子产品 electronic equipment 电子设备 electron n. 电子 electric adj. 电的；用电的 electrical adj. 与电有关的 Old electronic products can be recycled to get useful materials. Smartphones are the most popular e____ devices today. 42 electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电，电能 n. 不可数名词 save electricity 节约用电 produce electricity 发电 electric adj. 电的；用电的 electrical adj. 与电有关的 We should turn off the lights when we leave a room to save electricity. The wind farm produces e____ for thousands of homes. $