Unit5第五课时课后分层作业+知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，聚焦Unit8第五课时词汇与语法，通过基础认知-应用-综合三层设计，实现词汇、短语、句型到语法的递进巩固，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知|核心词汇拼写（如member, charity）|对应词汇表，强化音形义关联| |基础应用|词性转换（如volunteer→voluntary）、短语运用（如sign up）|结合词性转换表与重点短语，注重词法基础| |综合运用|语法辨析（如elder/elderly）、语境应用（现在完成时+ever since）|针对语法点拨，通过单选中的语境题提升语言运用能力|

Unit8 Making a Difference（解析版） Section B What can we learn from great books? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. S________ (成功) comes when the conditions are met. 2. With her great e________ (努力), Emily has achieved almost everything. 3. The kangaroo has a ________ (口袋) to carry its baby. 4. My ________ /'eldə(r)/ brother always helps me with my homework. 5.After the long journey, she was ________ (完全地) exhausted. 6. My family plans to ________ (捐赠) some old books to the children in poor areas. 答案：1.Success 2.effort 3.pocket 4.elder 5.completely 6.donate 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 gentleman，elder，medicine，donate，search，complete 1. The group of volunteers ________gave out all the supplies as planned. 2. She has ________ some books to the village school since 2020. 3.The police have already ________ the whole area for the missing child. 4. Three _______are waiting outside the hall. 5. The volunteers will help ______people with their housework. 6.The doctor asked him about his _______history. 答案：1.completely 2.donated 3.searched 4.gentlemen 5.elderly 6.medical 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.接着，他们开始在公园向游客分发关于环境保护的小册子。 Then, they started to ________ ________ brochures about environmental protection to visitors in the park. 2.我们应该关心并帮助处于困境中的人。 We should care about and help people ________ ________ . 3.许多孩子愿意用他们的零花钱帮助有困难的人。 Many kids are willing to use their ________ ________ to help people in need. 4.他的工作向我们展示了任何人都可以产生影响。 His work shows us anyone can ________ ________ ________. 5.从那以后，他每周都会去那里一次，为那些需要帮助的人提供援助。 He has worked there once a week ever since to ________ ________ to people in need. 6.要取得成功，就需要有一个明确的目标并坚持下去。 To achieve ________, you need to have a clear goal and ________ to it. 7.这本书很快变得流行起来。 The book ________ ________ very quickly. 8.我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老人。 My ____ brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help the ______. 9.我妈妈总是忙个不停，几乎没时间休息。 My mother is always ___ ____ ____ and has little time to rest. 答案：1.hand out 2.in trouble/need 3.pocket money 4.make a difference 5.provide/offer/give aid/help/support 6.force to 7.success stick 8.elder elderly 9.on the go 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 help   love   spend   provide   start   like   feel   share   offer discuss   enjoy organize   finish Everyone can make a difference to the world. For me, I     1     to help animals in danger. I     2     this volunteer work when I was twelve years old. My mom often takes me to the animal shelter, and I     3     about two hours every weekend taking care of the animals. My best friend Jack     4     community service. He usually     5     food for the homeless with his family every month. He says it makes him     6     grateful for what he has. Lisa’s favorite way is to     7     free tutoring for poor children. She does this every Saturday because she     8     seeing the children’s progress. We often     9     our volunteer experiences in class and     10     new activities together. Helping others not only makes others happy but also enriches our own lives.【答案】【小题1】like【小题2】started【小题3】spend【小题4】loves【小题5】provides【小题6】feel【小题7】offer【小题8】enjoys【小题9】share 【小题10】organize 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和朋友们通过不同的方式参与志愿活动，帮助他人和动物，并从中获得快乐和成长的故事。 【小题1】句意：对我来说，我喜欢帮助处于危险中的动物。结合所给单词和 “to help animals in danger” 可知，此处表示喜欢做某事。动词like “喜欢” 符合语境，主语是I，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形，故填like。 【小题2】句意：我十二岁时开始了这项志愿者工作。结合所给单词和 “this volunteer work when I was twelve years old” 可知，此处表示开始做某事。动词start “开始” 符合语境，根据 “when I was twelve years old” 可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填started。 【小题3】句意：我妈妈经常带我去动物收容所，我每个周末花大约两个小时照顾动物。结合所给单词和 “about two hours every weekend taking care of the animals” 可知，此处表示花费时间做某事。动词spend “花费” 符合语境，主语是I，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形，故填spend。 【小题4】句意：我最好的朋友杰克热爱社区服务。结合所给单词和 “community service” 可知，此处表示热爱做某事。动词love “喜爱” 符合语境，主语是Jack，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式，故填loves。 【小题5】句意：他通常每个月都会和家人一起为无家可归的人提供食物。结合所给单词和 “food for the homeless” 可知，此处表示为无家可归的人提供食物，provide符合，主语是 “He”，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填provides。 【小题6】句意：他说这让他对自己所拥有的感到感激。结合所给单词和 “grateful for what he has” 可知，此处表示感到感激。动词feel “感觉” 符合语境，make sb do sth表示 “让某人做某事”，所以此处用动词原形，故填feel。 【小题7】句意：丽莎最喜欢的方式是为贫困儿童提供免费辅导。结合所给单词和 “free tutoring for poor children” 可知，此处表示提供辅导。动词offer “提供” 符合语境，to后接动词原形，故填offer。 【小题8】句意：她每周六都这样做，因为她喜欢看到孩子们的进步。结合所给单词和 “seeing the children’s progress” 可知，此处表示喜欢做某事。动词enjoy “喜欢” 符合语境，主语是She，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式，故填enjoys。 【小题9】句意：我们经常在课堂上分享我们的志愿经历，并一起组织新的活动。结合所给单词和 “our volunteer experiences in class” 可知，此处表示分享经历。动词share “分享” 符合语境，主语是We，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形，故填share。 【小题10】句意：我们经常在课堂上分享我们的志愿经历，并一起组织新的活动。结合所给单词和 “new activities together” 可知，此处表示一起组织新的活动，organize符合。故填organize。 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。   Every Friday afternoon, you can see a group of students in the “Sunshine Book Corner” of No. 3 Middle School. They are the volunteer managers of the book corner, and they spend their after-school time taking care of this small but warm corner. The book corner was set up three years ago. At first, there were only 200 books, most of which were donated by teachers and students. Now, there are more than 1,500 books here. The volunteers do a lot of work every week. They sort the books by different subjects, check the books to make sure they are in good condition, and help students borrow and return books. They also make special posters to recommend good books to their classmates. Li Mei, a Grade 8 student, is one of the volunteers. “I joined the team last year. I love reading, so I want to share the joy of reading with more people,” she said. “Every time I see a student find his favorite book here, I feel very happy and proud. This volunteer job also helps me develop my communication and organizational skills. I have made many new friends here too.” The book corner also has some special activities. For example, every month, they hold a “book sharing meeting”, where students can talk about their favorite books and exchange books with each other. They also send books to the village schools nearby twice a year. “We hope to pass on the warmth of books to more children,” said Li Mei. Volunteering at the book corner is not always easy. Sometimes the volunteers have to spend a lot of time sorting hundreds of books, but they never complain. They believe that every small effort is meaningful, and can help build a better reading environment for everyone. 1. When was the Sunshine Book Corner set up? A．One year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Three years ago. D．Four years ago. 2. What do the volunteers NOT do according to Paragraph 2? A．Sort the books by subjects. B．Write new books for the corner. C．Check the condition of books. D．Help students borrow and return books. 3. Why did Li Mei join the volunteer team? A．She wanted to get more books for free. B．She wanted to share the joy of reading with others. C．She wanted to get good grades in exams. D．She wanted to finish her volunteer homework. 4. What does the underlined word “donated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．赠送 B．借阅 C．购买 D．回收 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to set up a school book corner. B．The volunteer work at the Sunshine Book Corner. C．The special activities of No. 3 Middle School. D．How to be a good volunteer at school. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】B【小题 3】B【小题 4】A【小题 5】B 【导语】 本文是说明文，介绍了第三中学 “阳光图书角” 的学生志愿者们，他们打理图书角、开展读书活动、捐书助学，用志愿行动分享阅读快乐，打造温暖的阅读环境。【小题 1】根据第二段第一句 “The book corner was set up three years ago.” 可知，图书角是三年前建立的。 【小题 2】第二段明确列出志愿者工作 “They sort the books by different subjects, check the books to make sure they are in good condition, and help students borrow and return books. They also make special posters...”，不包括 “为图书角写新书”。 【小题 3】根据第三段李梅的话 “I love reading, so I want to share the joy of reading with more people” 可知，她是为了和更多人分享阅读的乐趣。 【小题 4】结合 “At first, there were only 200 books, most of which were donated by teachers and students.” 可知，图书角的书籍来源多为师生捐赠，“donate” 意为 “捐赠、赠送”。 【小题 5】文章围绕第三中学 “阳光图书角” 展开，介绍了其建立背景、志愿者的日常工作、具体活动以及志愿者的感悟，核心内容是阳光图书角的志愿工作。 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Are you looking for a good volunteer activity? Get outdoors and go gleaning! What is gleaning?     1     Some farm produce is of good quality but does not look that good. Farmers don’t usually try to sell this kind of produce. Much of it is left in the fields. That means a great waste. And gleaning is about reducing this waste by collecting the leftover produce. These days, many volunteer groups go out gleaning in order to provide those in need with fresh, healthy food. Holly’s group is among them.     2     Once, a local fruit farmer called Holly to ask for gleaning services. The farmer had a large field with more than 700 fruit trees. A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees.     3     In addition to this, Holly’s volunteers have also picked potatoes, cabbages and many other vegetables from farms. They work in small teams, moving carefully between the rows to avoid damaging (破坏) the vegetables.     4     It arrives at the area within 24 hours so people in need can enjoy the food at its best. Gleaning makes a big difference to the society and people. It helps solve the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺).     5     “We can get outside and do something good for the world,” said Holly. “I feel happy whenever I go gleaning!” A．And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work. B．Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week. C．The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area. D．Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms. E．With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees. F．Let’s try our best to go out gleaning together. 【答案】【小题 1】D【小题 2】B【小题 3】E【小题 4】C【小题 5】A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 “拾遗”（gleaning）这一志愿活动的定义、目的，并通过 Holly 团队的案例说明了活动的过程及其对社会和个人的积极意义。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据第一段 “What is gleaning?” 引出话题，后文需要解释其背景，D 选项 “Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms.” 承上启下，从问题入手说明 gleaning 出现的缘由。 【小题 2】根据第二段提到 “Many volunteer groups go out gleaning”，后文具体介绍 Holly 的志愿者小组，B 选项 “Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week.” 进一步说明该小组的活动成果，自然衔接。 【小题 3】根据第二段提到 “A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees”，后文应说明地图的作用，E 选项 “With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees.” 直接承接上文，描述地图带来的便利。 【小题 4】根据第三段提到志愿者小心采摘蔬菜，并强调食物快速送达，C 选项 “The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area.” 解释食物去向，与后文 “arrives at the area within 24 hours” 逻辑一致。 【小题 5】根据第四段提到 “Gleaning makes a big difference”，并引用 Holly 的话表达快乐，A 选项 “And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work.” 总结志愿者感受，与下文 “I feel happy” 相呼应。 思维创新 任务型阅读。  I often read about children living in the mountains of China. They don’t have enough learning resources, especially for English. I believe English is not just a language- it also gives people the chance to see the world differently. So I started thinking about what I could do for these children. Then, I came up with an idea: to make special English learning material! More than 10 classmates joined me, and we started a club called “Out of Mountains” Our English materials have three parts: listening, reading and writing. We decided to publish them every month and send them to children by email. We also built a website so children could get information more easily. Each of us worked on one part, such as writing content, designing the layout, making illustrations and developing the website. To make the learning process more fun, we chose interesting topics for kids, like holidays. The hardest part was finding the children. I contacted schools in Liangshan, Sichuan. I also reached out to children through some WeChat official accounts. I felt nervous talking to them and was afraid of being turned down, but I did my best to share our ideas. In the end, we got the readers we had hoped for. Every time a parent emailed us saying “my child really liked the story”, it gave us the strength to keep going. I hope our small acts can help give these kids a better future. 1.Why did the writer want to help the mountain children?（不超过 15 词）____________________________________. 2—4 题 根据短文内容填空 Time & Experience Details The writer's idea To make special 2.___________ for mountain children. Club name 3.___________ Parts of the materials Listening, reading and 4.___________ 5.What helps the writer and classmates keep on doing the work?（不超过 15 词） ___________________________________. 答案 1.They lack enough learning resources, especially English. 2.English learning material 3.Out of Mountains 4.writing 5.Parents' warm feedback from the children. 答案解析 导语：本文讲述作者发现山区孩子缺少英语学习资料，于是和同学成立俱乐部，制作英语学习资料并分享给山区孩子的暖心故事。 解析：根据文章第一段 They don’t have enough learning resources, especially for English. 可知作者想要帮助山区孩子的原因，结合词数要求精简作答。 解析：定位第二段第一句 Then, I came up with an idea: to make special English learning material!，直接提取短语作答。 解析：由第二段末尾 we started a club called “Out of Mountains” 可知俱乐部名称。 解析：根据第三段第一句 Our English materials have three parts: listening, reading and writing. 可找到对应内容。 解析：依据最后一段 Every time a parent emailed us saying “my child really liked the story”, it gave us the strength to keep going. 进行概括，控制词数完成作答。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference（原卷版） Section B What can we learn from great books? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. S________ (成功) comes when the conditions are met. 2. With her great e________ (努力), Emily has achieved almost everything. 3. The kangaroo has a ________ (口袋) to carry its baby. 4. My ________ /'eldə(r)/ brother always helps me with my homework. 5.After the long journey, she was ________ (完全地) exhausted. 6. My family plans to ________ (捐赠) some old books to the children in poor areas. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 gentleman，elder，medicine，donate，search，complete 1. The group of volunteers ________gave out all the supplies as planned. 2. She has ________ some books to the village school since 2020. 3.The police have already ________ the whole area for the missing child. 4. Three _______are waiting outside the hall. 5. The volunteers will help ______people with their housework. 6.The doctor asked him about his _______history. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.接着，他们开始在公园向游客分发关于环境保护的小册子。 Then, they started to ________ ________ brochures about environmental protection to visitors in the park. 2.我们应该关心并帮助处于困境中的人。 We should care about and help people ________ ________ . 3.许多孩子愿意用他们的零花钱帮助有困难的人。 Many kids are willing to use their ________ ________ to help people in need. 4.他的工作向我们展示了任何人都可以产生影响。 His work shows us anyone can ________ ________ ________. 5.从那以后，他每周都会去那里一次，为那些需要帮助的人提供援助。 He has worked there once a week ever since to ________ ________ to people in need. 6.要取得成功，就需要有一个明确的目标并坚持下去。 To achieve ________, you need to have a clear goal and ________ to it. 7.这本书很快变得流行起来。 The book ________ ________ very quickly. 8.我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老人。 My ____ brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help the ______. 9.我妈妈总是忙个不停，几乎没时间休息。 My mother is always ___ ____ ____ and has little time to rest. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 help   love   spend   provide   start   like   feel   share   offer discuss   enjoy organize   finish Everyone can make a difference to the world. For me, I     1     to help animals in danger. I     2     this volunteer work when I was twelve years old. My mom often takes me to the animal shelter, and I     3     about two hours every weekend taking care of the animals. My best friend Jack     4     community service. He usually     5     food for the homeless with his family every month. He says it makes him     6     grateful for what he has. Lisa’s favorite way is to     7     free tutoring for poor children. She does this every Saturday because she     8     seeing the children’s progress. We often     9     our volunteer experiences in class and     10     new activities together. Helping others not only makes others happy but also enriches our own lives. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。   Every Friday afternoon, you can see a group of students in the “Sunshine Book Corner” of No. 3 Middle School. They are the volunteer managers of the book corner, and they spend their after-school time taking care of this small but warm corner. The book corner was set up three years ago. At first, there were only 200 books, most of which were donated by teachers and students. Now, there are more than 1,500 books here. The volunteers do a lot of work every week. They sort the books by different subjects, check the books to make sure they are in good condition, and help students borrow and return books. They also make special posters to recommend good books to their classmates. Li Mei, a Grade 8 student, is one of the volunteers. “I joined the team last year. I love reading, so I want to share the joy of reading with more people,” she said. “Every time I see a student find his favorite book here, I feel very happy and proud. This volunteer job also helps me develop my communication and organizational skills. I have made many new friends here too.” The book corner also has some special activities. For example, every month, they hold a “book sharing meeting”, where students can talk about their favorite books and exchange books with each other. They also send books to the village schools nearby twice a year. “We hope to pass on the warmth of books to more children,” said Li Mei. Volunteering at the book corner is not always easy. Sometimes the volunteers have to spend a lot of time sorting hundreds of books, but they never complain. They believe that every small effort is meaningful, and can help build a better reading environment for everyone. 1. When was the Sunshine Book Corner set up? A．One year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Three years ago. D．Four years ago. 2. What do the volunteers NOT do according to Paragraph 2? A．Sort the books by subjects. B．Write new books for the corner. C．Check the condition of books. D．Help students borrow and return books. 3. Why did Li Mei join the volunteer team? A．She wanted to get more books for free. B．She wanted to share the joy of reading with others. C．She wanted to get good grades in exams. D．She wanted to finish her volunteer homework. 4. What does the underlined word “donated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．赠送 B．借阅 C．购买 D．回收 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to set up a school book corner. B．The volunteer work at the Sunshine Book Corner. C．The special activities of No. 3 Middle School. D．How to be a good volunteer at school. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Are you looking for a good volunteer activity? Get outdoors and go gleaning! What is gleaning?     1     Some farm produce is of good quality but does not look that good. Farmers don’t usually try to sell this kind of produce. Much of it is left in the fields. That means a great waste. And gleaning is about reducing this waste by collecting the leftover produce. These days, many volunteer groups go out gleaning in order to provide those in need with fresh, healthy food. Holly’s group is among them.     2     Once, a local fruit farmer called Holly to ask for gleaning services. The farmer had a large field with more than 700 fruit trees. A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees.     3     In addition to this, Holly’s volunteers have also picked potatoes, cabbages and many other vegetables from farms. They work in small teams, moving carefully between the rows to avoid damaging (破坏) the vegetables.     4     It arrives at the area within 24 hours so people in need can enjoy the food at its best. Gleaning makes a big difference to the society and people. It helps solve the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺).     5     “We can get outside and do something good for the world,” said Holly. “I feel happy whenever I go gleaning!” A．And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work. B．Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week. C．The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area. D．Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms. E．With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees. F．Let’s try our best to go out gleaning together. 思维创新 任务型阅读。  I often read about children living in the mountains of China. They don’t have enough learning resources, especially for English. I believe English is not just a language- it also gives people the chance to see the world differently. So I started thinking about what I could do for these children. Then, I came up with an idea: to make special English learning material! More than 10 classmates joined me, and we started a club called “Out of Mountains” Our English materials have three parts: listening, reading and writing. We decided to publish them every month and send them to children by email. We also built a website so children could get information more easily. Each of us worked on one part, such as writing content, designing the layout, making illustrations and developing the website. To make the learning process more fun, we chose interesting topics for kids, like holidays. The hardest part was finding the children. I contacted schools in Liangshan, Sichuan. I also reached out to children through some WeChat official accounts. I felt nervous talking to them and was afraid of being turned down, but I did my best to share our ideas. In the end, we got the readers we had hoped for. Every time a parent emailed us saying “my child really liked the story”, it gave us the strength to keep going. I hope our small acts can help give these kids a better future. 1.Why did the writer want to help the mountain children?（不超过 15 词）____________________________________. 2—4 题 根据短文内容填空 Time & Experience Details The writer's idea To make special 2.___________ for mountain children. Club name 3.___________ Parts of the materials Listening, reading and 4.___________ 5.What helps the writer and classmates keep on doing the work?（不超过 15 词） ___________________________________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference 第五课时(SectionB Vocabulary in use 2a-2c)知识清单 一、重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换/拓展 energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 energy (n. 精力；能量)；energetically (adv. 精力充沛地) member /ˈmembə(r)/ n. 成员；会员 membership (n. 会员身份；成员资格) charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构；慈善 charitable (adj. 慈善的；仁慈的)；charitably (adv. 慈善地) search /sɜːtʃ/ v./n. 寻找；搜索 searcher (n. 搜索者；探测器)；searching (adj. 深思熟虑的；透彻的) voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；志愿的 voluntarily (adv. 自愿地；主动地)；volunteer (n./v. 志愿者；自愿做) volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n./v. 志愿者；自愿做 voluntary (adj. 自愿的；志愿的)；volunteering (n. 志愿活动) successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的 successfully (adv. 成功地)；success (n. 成功)；succeed (v. 成功) success /səkˈses/ n. 成功；成就 successful (adj. 成功的)；successfully (adv. 成功地)；succeed (v. 成功) medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 medically (adv. 医学上；医疗上)；medicine (n. 药；医学) medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药；医学 medical (adj. 医学的；医疗的)；medically (adv. 医学上；医疗上) young /jʌŋ/ adj. 年轻的；年少的 youth (n. 青年；青春)；younger (adj. 更年轻的)；youngest (adj. 最年轻的) youth /juːθ/ n. 青年；青春；年轻人 young (adj. 年轻的；年少的)；youthful (adj. 年轻的；青春的) elder /ˈeldə(r)/ adj./n. 年纪较长的；长者 elderly (adj. 年老的；上了年纪的)；older (adj. 更老的 / 年纪更大的，泛指) elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj./n. 年老的；上了年纪的；老年人 elder (adj./n. 年纪较长的；长者) completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adv. 完全地；彻底地 complete (adj./v. 完整的；完成)；completion (n. 完成；结束) donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠；赠送 donation (n. 捐赠；捐款)；donor (n. 捐赠者) effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试 effortless (adj. 不费力的；轻松的)；effortless (adv. 不费力地) pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n./adj. 口袋；小型的 pocket money (n. 零花钱)；pocket-sized (adj. 小型的；袖珍的) main /meɪn/ adj. 主要的；最重要的 mainly (adv. 主要地；大体上) 二、重点短语（必背） 1in need 需要帮助的；生活困难的 2. on the go 忙个不停；四处奔走 3. sign up (for sth.) 报名（参加课程、活动等） 4. provide aid (to sb.) （向某人）提供帮助 / 援助 5. clean up 打扫干净；清理 6. hand out 分发；散发 7. make a difference 有影响；起作用 8. be worth the effort 值得付出努力 9. donate pocket money 捐赠零花钱 10. help out 帮助…… 解决困难；帮忙 11. ever since 从那以后；自…… 以来 12. stick to 坚持；固守 13. achieve one’s goal 实现某人的目标 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 词性转换重点句型 1.Joining the reading programme is completely voluntary. Each volunteer helps to improve the reading skills and confidence of the kids. 参加这个阅读项目是完全自愿的。每一位志愿者都帮助孩子们提高阅读技能和自信心。 2.Everybody wants to be successful. But to achieve success, you need to have a clear goal and stick to it. 每个人都想成功。但要取得成功，你需要有一个明确的目标并坚持下去。 3.Mr Black had a medical examination in the hospital. The doctor gave him some medicine for his throat. 布莱克先生在医院做了一次体检。医生给了他一些治喉咙的药。 4.She works as a teacher of young children. She believes the youth of today will help to create a better future for all. 她是一名幼儿教师。她相信今天的年轻人将帮助所有人创造更美好的未来。 5.My elder brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help the elderly. 我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老年人。 文本填空重点句型 6.He and his mum signed up with a local charity organization two years ago, and he has worked there once a week ever since to provide aid to people in need. 两年前，他和妈妈报名参加了当地的一个慈善组织，从那以后他每周都去那里一次，为有需要的人提供帮助。 7.He helps to clean up the kitchen and hand out hot meals to people. 他帮忙打扫厨房，并给人们分发热餐。 8.Harry realized that his work made a difference when he saw the smiles on the faces of the people he helped. 当哈利看到他帮助过的人们脸上的笑容时，他意识到自己的工作产生了影响。 9.Harry has even donated pocket money to the organization to help them buy food for special festivals! 哈利甚至把零花钱捐给了这个组织，帮助他们为特殊节日购买食物！ 10.His work shows us that anyone can make a difference and that the work is worth the effort. 他的经历告诉我们，任何人都可以有所作为，这份努力是值得的。 四、语法点拨 语法 1：同根词词性辨析（重点：volunteer/success/medicine/young/elder） ﹡voluntary (adj.) / volunteer (n./v.) voluntary 作形容词，修饰名词，表示 “自愿的”，如：voluntary work（志愿工作） volunteer 作名词表示 “志愿者”，作动词表示 “自愿做某事”，如：volunteer to do sth.（自愿做某事） ﹡successful (adj.) / success (n.) / succeed (v.) successful 作形容词，作表语或定语，如：a successful plan（一个成功的计划） success 作名词，可作主语或宾语，如：achieve success（取得成功） succeed 作动词，常用搭配 succeed in doing sth.（成功做某事） ﹡medical (adj.) / medicine (n.) medical 作形容词，修饰名词，如：medical care（医疗护理）、medical examination（体检） medicine 作名词，表示 “药” 或 “医学”，如：take some medicine（吃药） ﹡young (adj.) / youth (n.) young 作形容词，修饰名词，如：young children（幼儿） youth 作名词，可表示 “青春” 或 “年轻人（群体）”，如：the youth of today（当代年轻人） ﹡elder (adj./n.) / elderly (adj./n.) elder 作形容词，特指 “（两人中）年纪较长的”，修饰家庭成员，如：elder brother（哥哥） elderly 作形容词表示 “年老的、上了年纪的”，作名词表示 “老年人（群体）”，如：help the elderly（帮助老年人） 语法 2：现在完成时 + ever since 的用法 ever since 引导时间状语，表示 “从…… 以来”，主句通常用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在。 例：He has worked there once a week ever since he joined the charity. 自从他加入这个慈善组织以来，他每周都在那里工作。 语法 3：worth 的用法 be worth the effort 表示 “值得付出努力”，worth 后可接名词、代词或动名词，主动形式表被动含义。 例：The hard work is worth the effort. 这份辛苦的工作是值得付出努力的。 例：The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 五、自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1.A g______ always speaks politely to others. 2.The main v______ of this project is to help people in need. 3.He is a m______ of the school football team. 4.She works for a c______ that helps homeless children. 5.The teacher asked us to s______ for information about the history of the town. 6.Joining the club is v______; you don’t have to come if you don’t want to. 7.We all hope you will be s______ in your new job. 8.The doctor gave him some m______ for his headache. 9.The y______ people of today will be the leaders of tomorrow. 10.My e______ sister is three years older than me. 二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空 1.He works as a ______ (volunteer) at the animal shelter every weekend. 2.Her hard work led to great ______ (successful) in her career. 3.The ______ (medicine) team arrived at the village quickly to help the sick people. 4.The ______ (young) of today are more interested in online activities. 5.We should respect and help the ______ (elder). 6.It is ______ (complete) impossible for me to finish the work in one day. 7.He ______ (donate) a lot of money to the charity last year. 8.It takes a lot of ______ (effort) to keep the community clean. 9.She is ______ (energy) and always ready to help others. 10.The ______ (value) of the old book is more than 1000 yuan. 三、短语填空（用方框内短语的正确形式填空） provide aid, make a difference, donate pocket money, sign up, clean up, be worth the effort 1.Many people ______ with the charity organization to help poor children. 2.The Red Cross ______ to people affected by the earthquake. 3.We need to ______ the park after the party. 4.Every small act of kindness can ______ to people in need. 5.He ______ to the charity to help buy books for kids. 6.Even though the work is hard, it ______ because we are helping others. 四、单项选择 ( )1. Joining the summer camp is completely ______. You can choose whether to go or not. A. voluntary B. volunteer C. volunteering ( )2. To achieve ______, you need to work hard and never give up. A. successful B. success C. succeed ( )3. The ______ examination showed that he was in good health. A. medicine B. medical C. medically ( )4. My ______ brother often helps me with my homework. A. elder B. elderly C. older ( )5. He has worked at the charity ______ he was 16 years old. A. ever since B. ever C. since then 自我检测答案 一、单词拼写 1.gentleman 2. value 3. member 4. charity 5. search 6.voluntary 7. successful 8. medicine 9. young 10. elder 二、词形转换 1.volunteer 2. success 3. medical 4. youth 5. elderly 6.completely 7. donated 8. effort 9. energetic 10. value 三、短语填空 1.sign up 2. provides aid 3. clean up 4. make a difference 5.donated pocket money 6. is worth the effort 四、单项选择 1.A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $