2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末考试模拟卷（南京卷）

**基本信息** 以环保（Earth Hour）、科技（VR应用）、文化传承（《雾都孤儿》选段）为情境，融合语言能力与跨文化意识，梯度设计考查从基础语法到综合表达的能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项填空|15题/15分|介词（at the end of）、现在完成时（has grown）|结合地球日、深圳发展等热点，考查语法在真实语境中的运用| |阅读理解|15题/15分|跨文化交际（肢体语言差异）、科技应用（VR教育/艺术）|选取《雾都孤儿》经典场景，培养文学素养与推理能力| |书面表达|1题/15分|绿色生活、社区志愿等主题表达|以“Act for a Better City”为主题，关联南京本地实际，提升社会责任感|

2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末考试模拟卷（南京卷） （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分） 选择题（共40分） 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Passage 1 Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It is a big event, usually 1 the end of March. On that evening, people “go dark” — they turn off lights in their homes and offices for one hour. This small action can help improve the environment and save energy at the same time. Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people joined in. Since then, it 2 into a global movement. Whether our planet can 3 greener depends on everyone’s daily effort. Many famous buildings have gone dark for it, especially the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Empire State Building in New York. 4 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part. Earth Hour is much more than just switching off lights. Some people may think they cannot afford to take part in big environmental activities, 5 turning off lights costs nothing at all. Let’s work together to build a greener and more beautiful world for everyone! 1．A．on B．in C．at D．by 2．A．grow B．grows C．grew D．has grown 3．A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．became 4．A．Just B．Only C．Still D．Even 5．A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“地球一小时”活动，呼吁大家通过关灯这一简单行动来节约能源，共同建设更绿色的世界。 【详解】1．句意：它是一个大型活动，通常在三月底举行。 on在（具体某一天）；in在（年、月等）；at在（某时刻）；by在……之前。根据“the end of March”可知，此处考查固定搭配at the end of，意为“在……末”。其他选项不符合语境，搭配不正确。 2．句意：从那时起，它已经发展成为一项全球性的运动。 grow动词原形；grows一般现在时单三形式；grew一般过去时；has grown现在完成时。根据“Since then”（从那时起）可知，句子应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或一直持续到现在。主语it是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 3．句意：我们的星球能否变得更绿取决于每个人的日常努力。 become动词原形；becomes动词单三形式；becoming动名词/现在分词；became动词过去式。根据此空前“can”是情态动词，可知其后应接动词原形。其他选项形式不正确。 4．句意：甚至空间站上的宇航员也参与了进来。 Just仅仅；Only只有；Still仍然；Even甚至。根据“Many famous buildings have gone dark for it”和“astronauts on the Space Station have taken part”可知，此处表示递进关系，强调连宇航员都参与了，用Even符合语境。其他选项不符合语境。 5．句意：一些人可能认为他们负担不起参加大型环保活动的费用，但是关灯根本不需要花钱。 and和；but但是；so所以；or或者,否则。根据“cannot afford to take part in big environmental activities”和“turning off lights costs nothing at all”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用but连接。其他选项不符合逻辑关系。 Passage 2 Shenzhen, a city at the heart of southern China’s development, 6 from a small fishing village to a world-famous high-tech giant in just 40 years. This great change has surprised the world and made it a symbol of reform and innovation. Many pioneers came to Shenzhen in the 1980s to 7 a living. They worked hard and brought a wealth of creativity. The city’s success is not only due to its convenient transport and excellent facilities but also to its pioneering spirit. Today, Shenzhen 8 many high-tech companies that lead the world in technology. A reporter who 9 the city for years said, “I 10 never seen such fast development. The public transport here, including underground and high-speed trains, is so convenient that people can travel easily.” Shenzhen’s story shows that with courage and creativity, anything is possible. 6．A．changes B．has changed C．changed D．will change 7．A．make B．do C．find D．get 8．A．has B．have C．had D．will have 9．A．covers B．is covering C．has covered D．covered 10．A．have B．has C．do D．did 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了深圳40年间的巨大变化。 6．句意：深圳作为中国南方发展的核心城市，在短短40 年间从一个小渔村蜕变为世界闻名的高科技巨头。 changes变成，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；has changed已经变成，现在完成时第三人称单数形式；changed变成，一般过去时；will change将要变成，一般将来时。根据“from a small fishing village to a world-famous high-tech giant in just...in just 40 years. ”可知，此处强调深圳过去40年从渔村到科技巨头的变迁，强调变化结果对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时。故选B。 7．句意：20世纪 80年代，许多开拓者来到深圳谋生。 make制作；do做；find找到，发现；get得到。根据“Many pioneers came to Shenzhen in the 1980s to... a living.”可知，来到深圳的目的是为了谋生，make a living表示“谋生”。故选A。 8．句意：如今，深圳拥有众多在技术上领先世界的高科技企业。 has有，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；have有，动词原形；had有，一般过去时；will have将会有，一般将来时。根据“Today...”和“that lead...”可知，此处是描述深圳如今的盛况，时态用一般现在时，主语“Shenzhen”为单数，故谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选A。 9．句意：一位多年报道这座城市的记者说…… covers报道，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；is covering正在报道，现在进行时；has covered已经报道，现在完成时；covered报道，一般过去时。根据“for years”可知，记者已经报道深圳多年了，时态用现在完成时。故选C。 10．句意：我从未见过如此快速的发展。 have助动词，用于构成现在完成时，主语是I或复数人称；has助动词，用于构成现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数；do助动词，用于构成一般现在时否定句；did助动词，用于构成一般过去时否定句。根据“I...never seen”可知，此处结构是“have+过去分词”，是现在完成时否定句，主语是“I”，因此助动词用have。故选A。 Passage 3 Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 every year. It 11 us to care about our planet. On this day, people have different activities to protect the environment. Some plant trees, some clean up parks, and others give talks about going green. This year, our school will organize a special event. New posters 12 in the hall. Students will be asked to 13 their old books instead of throwing them away. Teachers will tell us how to 14 energy at home. If we all make a difference on Earth Day, our world 15 much better in the future. 11．A．makes B．reminds C．remembers D．suggests 12．A．put on B．will be put up C．set off D．will be set off 13．A．reuse B．reduce C．produce D．protect 14．A．waste B．save C．pollute D．create 15．A．become B．will become C．will be become D．became 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文介绍了地球日的日期、意义以及人们在这一天保护环境的各种活动，并提到学校今年将举办特别活动来鼓励学生参与环保。 【详解】11．句意：它提醒我们要关心我们的星球。 根据上下文，地球日的意义是“提醒”人们关爱地球，应选用reminds。makes“使”，remembers“记得”，suggests“建议”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：大厅里将会张贴新的海报。 根据上文“This year, our school will organize a special event.”，以及环保活动的语境，学校为地球日做准备需要在墙上“张贴”海报来宣传和提醒大家参与，put up表示“张贴”。主语New posters与动词短语put up之间为被动关系，且时间状语This year提示时态是一般将来时，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be put up。put on“穿上”，set off“出发/使爆炸”，will be set off“将被引爆”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：学生们将被要求重复使用旧书，而不是把它们扔掉。 根据下文“instead of throwing them away”，可知是鼓励“重复使用”旧书，应选用reuse。reduce“减少”，produce“生产”，protect“保护”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：老师会告诉我们如何在家里节约能源。 根据环保主题，以及下文“make a difference”，可知是“节约”能源，应选用save。waste“浪费”，pollute“污染”，create“创造”，均不符合语境。 15．句意：如果我们都在地球日做出改变，我们的世界未来会变得更加美好。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，应选用will become。become为原形，will be become语法错误（become无被动），became为过去式，均不符合。 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 My name is Li Hua. I have just returned to my hometown after ten years. I am deeply moved by the great changes that have taken place here. In the past, my hometown was a small and poor village. The roads were narrow and   16 . On rainy days, it was very difficult for people to walk. Most villagers made a 17 by farming, but they couldn't make much money. There were only a few old houses, and the living conditions were quite poor. People 18 to travel by bike or on foot because there was no public transport. However, the village has 19 a lot over the years. With the help of the government, the muddy roads have been turned into 20 and clean streets. Rows of modern houses have been built. The village is now home to a 21 of beautiful parks and squares. People can relax and enjoy their free time there. What's more, a new 22 train station has been opened recently. It is much more 23 for people to travel to other cities. Tourism has also developed quickly, bringing more 24 to the villagers. I am so proud of my hometown. I believe its 25 will be even better. 16．A．wide B．muddy C．clean D．flat 17．A．living B．life C．difference D．mistake 18．A．liked B．hoped C．used D．decided 19．A．lost B．changed C．broken D．disappeared 20．A．narrow B．dirty C．wide D．busy 21．A．wealth B．kind C．cup D．piece 22．A．slow B．cheap C．high-speed D．terrible 23．A．convenient B．difficult C．dangerous D．expensive 24．A．pollution B．wealth C．illness D．noise 25．A．future B．past C．memory D．history 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者Li Hua离开十年后回到家乡，看到家乡从过去又小又穷、交通不便、居住条件差，在政府帮助下，如今道路、住房、公共设施等方面发生了巨大变化，出行更便捷，旅游业发展也给村民带来更多收入的情况。 16．句意：道路又窄又泥泞。 根据后文“On rainy days, it was very difficult for people to walk.”可知雨天走路困难，结合选项，过去道路应是“泥泞的”，“muddy”符合语境。 17．句意：大多数村民靠务农为生，但赚不了多少钱。 “make a living”为固定短语，意为“谋生”，这里说大多数村民靠种地谋生。 18．句意：人们过去常常骑自行车或步行出行，因为当时没有公共交通。 “used to do sth.”表示“过去常常做某事”，这里指过去人们常常骑自行车或步行出行。 19．句意：然而，这个村庄这些年来变化很大。 文章讲的是家乡的变化，这里说这些年村庄变化很大，“changed”符合文意。 20．句意：在政府的帮助下，泥泞的道路已经变成了宽阔而整洁的街道。 与前文“narrow”（狭窄的）相对，现在泥泞道路变成了宽阔干净的街道，“wide”表示“宽阔的”。 21．句意：现在，这个村庄拥有了众多美丽的公园和广场。 “a wealth of”表示“大量的”，这里说村庄现在有大量漂亮的公园和广场。 22．句意：而且，一座新的高速火车站最近已经开通了。 结合语境，新建的应是“高速”火车站，“high - speed”符合。 23．句意：人们去其他城市旅行方便多了。 有了新的火车站，人们去其他城市旅行更“方便”了，“convenient”表示“方便的”。 24．句意：旅游业也快速发展，为村民们带来了更多财富。 旅游业快速发展，给村民带来更多“财富”，“wealth”符合。 25．句意：我相信它的未来会变得更加美好。 作者相信家乡的“未来”会更好，“future”表示“未来”。 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Chicago Children’s Museum offers a lot of fun hands-on activities to kids. However, this is one of the few Chicago museums not “fun for the whole family” as adults and older kids will be bored to tears. - Address: 700 East Grand Ave. (Navy Pier), Chicago - Public transportation: CTA bus lines 29 (State), and 66 (Chicago Avenue) all serve Navy Pier. - Parking fees: - Monday to Thursday: $20 - Friday to Sunday: $24 - Holidays: $24 - Opening hours: - Weekdays: 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. - Weekends: 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. - Entrance fees: - Adults: $12 - Children (5+ years old): $12 - Seniors (65+): $11 - Children (under 5 years old): $5 - Free days: - Mondays are free for all visitors from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. - Thursdays are free for all visitors from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Activities: Located at one of Chicago’s top tourist attractions, Navy Pier, the museum offers three floors of activities for kids, including: - Play It Safe—all about home safety - Inventing Lab provides parts and instructions for creating things - Kids Town—a playroom recreating a Chicago neighborhood where kids can pretend (假装) to do things like shopping and driving a bus 26．How much will John (10 years old), his parents (40 years old) and sister (4 years old) pay if they drive to the museum at 2 p.m. on Tuesday? A．$61 B．$49 C．$20 D．$41 27．If you go to Kids Town, what can you do? A．go on a short trip to a forest B．buy some gifts for your friends C．know more about home safety D．experience Chicago neighborhood life 28．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A story B．A novel C．A poster D．A report 【答案】26．A 27．D 28．C 【导语】本文介绍了芝加哥儿童博物馆的地址、交通方式、停车费、开放时间、门票价格、免费时段以及主要活动内容。 【详解】26．周二属于周一至周四，停车费 $20； 门票：父母各 12 美元 + 10 岁孩子 12 美元 + 4 岁妹妹 5 美元，门票合计 41 美元； 总费用：41+20=61 美元。 27．“Activities”部分提到“Kids Town—a playroom recreating a Chicago neighborhood where kids can pretend to do things like shopping and driving a bus”，因此在Kids Town可以体验芝加哥的社区生活。 28．本文以清晰的信息模块呈现博物馆的时间、价格、活动等实用信息，格式类似宣传海报或指南，因此最可能出自海报。 B Putting on VR headsets, people can get quite immersive (沉浸式虚拟现实的) gaming experiences. That sounds like fun, but VR isn’t just for video games. It can also be used in many other industries (行业). A few years ago, Oral Roberts University in America opened a new Global Learning Center. It has classrooms with 360-degree cameras on the wall. They turn around to follow and take videos of teachers as they teach. Students don’t have to go to the classroom to experience VR. Through an app on their smartphones, they can see the videos in 3D and control them. “VR has changed the way students learn,” Michael Mathews said. During the 27th Beijing Music Festival in October, 2024, a VR show called *Eight* appeared in Asia for the first time. It tells a story of an old woman looking back on her life and lasts for 15 minutes. As a special mix of music, theater, VR technology (科技) and visual art, the show is really a wonderful experience for visitors. “The VR technology lets these musical experiences make sense,” said Hong Lin, one of the visitors who experienced *Eight*. The director of the show said, “When I have an idea, I think about how to communicate it to others. Whatever thoughts I have, the technology is always in service of them.” VR is getting popular around the world. With the quick development of 5G technology, there is no question that the VR industry will enter a new period. Experts and industry insiders say that the VR industry will enter a new era. 29．Paragraph 2 gives an example of the use of VR in the ________ industry. A．music B．game C．education D．movie 30．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．*Eight* is a show at a music festival. B．VR makes the show *Eight* fantastic. C．It’s important for us to watch shows. D．VR is so useful that we can use it at any time. 31．What can we learn about VR from Paragraph 4? A．It’ll be mainly for game users. B．It’ll face many great difficulties. C．It’ll become the most important technology. D．It’ll develop more quickly with the help of 5G technology. 32．Who might be the most interested in the passage? A．Oscar, who wants to study history. B．James, who shows an interest in Chinese culture. C．George, who has little free time to play video games. D．Sherry, who enjoys reading the news about technology. 【答案】29．C 30．B 31．D 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了VR（虚拟现实）技术的应用场景与发展前景。文章先从游戏引入，再分别介绍VR在教育、音乐艺术领域的应用，最后说明5G技术将推动VR行业进入新的发展阶段。 【详解】29．第二段以美国奥拉尔·罗伯茨大学的全球学习中心为例，介绍了VR如何用于课堂教学、远程学习，改变学生的学习方式，属于教育行业的应用案例。 30．第三段围绕北京音乐节上的VR作品《Eight》展开，说明VR技术如何与音乐、戏剧、视觉艺术结合，让这场演出成为独特的沉浸式体验，因此核心是“VR让《Eight》这场演出变得非常精彩”。 31．第四段提到“With the quick development of 5G technology, there is no question that the VR industry will enter a new period.”，说明在5G技术的推动下，VR行业将迎来新的发展阶段，发展速度会更快。 32．全文围绕VR技术的行业应用与发展前景展开，属于科技类话题，因此对科技新闻感兴趣的Sherry会是最感兴趣的读者。 C Oliver Twist, written by Charles Dickens, tells the story of a poor orphan boy who faces hunger, cruelty, and crime in London. The following scenes are taken from four famous chapters. Scene One In the workhouse, boys were starving. They drew lots to decide who would ask for more food. Oliver lost. That evening, after eating his thin porridge, he walked to the master’s desk. “Please, sir,” he said, “I want some more.” The master was shocked. Everyone stared. “What?” cried the master. “Please, sir,” Oliver repeated, “I want some more.” Scene Two Mr. Sowerberry, the undertaker, took Oliver as his servant. But Mrs. Sowerberry and another boy, Noah, treated Oliver badly. One day, Noah said, “Your mother was a bad woman.” Oliver jumped at him, knocked him down, and beat him wildly. Mrs. Sowerberry screamed. Oliver was locked in a cold room. That night, he ran away toward London. Scene Three In London, a boy named Jack Dawkins—called the Artful Dodger—took Oliver to a man named Fagin. Fagin taught boys to steal. One day, Dodger and another boy stole a handkerchief from an old gentleman. They ran. Oliver was afraid and ran too. People caught him. “Thief!” they shouted. But the old gentleman, Mr. Brownlow, saw the truth. “This boy is not a thief,” he said. Scene Four Mr. Brownlow took Oliver to his clean, warm home. For the first time, Oliver slept in a soft bed. Mr. Brownlow asked, “Do you want to live here?” “Oh yes, sir,” Oliver said with tears. Mr. Brownlow smiled. “Then you shall.” But Fagin and a man named Monks had other plans. They wanted Oliver back. 33．What did Oliver say to the master in the workhouse? A．I want some more. B．I want to go home. C．I don’t like porridge. D．Please let me leave. 34．Which word best describes Oliver in Scene Two? A．Silent. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Polite. 35．What can we infer from Scene Four? A．Oliver decided to become a thief. B．Oliver would face more danger later. C．Mr. Brownlow sent Oliver back to Fagin. D．Oliver would live happily with Mr. Brownlow forever. 36．Each picture below matches one scene. Which scene is missing? A．Scene One. B．Scene Two. C．Scene Three. D．Scene Four. 【答案】33．A 34．B 35．B 36．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。节选了《雾都孤儿》中奥利弗在济贫院、殡仪馆、伦敦街头和布朗洛先生家的四个经典场景。 【详解】33．文章Scene One部分“I want some more.”指出，奥利弗对主人说的是“我想要更多”。 34．文章Scene Two部分“Noah said, ‘Your mother was a bad woman.’ Oliver jumped at him, knocked him down, and beat him wildly.”指出，奥利弗为维护母亲挺身而出，表现得十分勇敢。 35．文章Scene Four最后一句“But Fagin and a man named Monks had other plans. They wanted Oliver back.”指出，奥利弗之后还会面临更多危险。 36．文章所给三幅图按照顺序分别对应场景二（打架）、场景四（温暖的家）、场景一（要更多粥），缺少场景三（费金教孩子偷窃、抓小偷）。 D We all know that language can be a problem in communication, but have you ever thought about the “silent language” — body language? Gestures (手势), facial expressions, and how we use personal space can mean very different things in different cultures. Misunderstanding this “silent language” can sometimes lead to trouble. Let’s look at some common examples. The “OK” gesture , made by forming a circle with your thumb (大拇指) and index finger, means “good” or “okay” in many countries like the USA．However, in Brazil and Germany, it can be very rude. The “thumbs-up” gesture is positive in America and China, but in parts of the Middle East, it’s a rude sign. Eye contact is another interesting one. In North America and Europe, keeping eye contact shows you are honest and paying attention. In some Asian cultures, too much direct eye contact, especially in formal situations can be seen as disrespectful. Even how close you stand to someone sends a message. People from “contact cultures” like those in Latin America or the Middle East like to stand closer when talking. People from “non-contact cultures” (非接触文化) like those in Northern Europe or Japan prefer more personal space. If someone from a non-contact culture steps back during a conversation, they might not be rude; they might just need more space to feel comfortable. Understanding these differences doesn’t mean you have to change your own habits completely. It means understanding and being respectful. When you are with people from another culture, noticing how they act can be a good guide. Remember, a warm smile is a piece of body language that is almost always understood the right way around the world. 37．According to Paragraph 2, what should you AVOID doing during a business meeting in Japan to show respect? A．Smiling warmly from time to time. B．Keeping a comfortable personal space. C．Looking directly into your partner’s eyes for a long time. D．Using the “OK” gesture to agree with an idea. 38．What does the writer mean by saying “a piece of body language that is almost always understood the right way” in the last paragraph? A．Some body language is very simple to learn. B．A smile usually sends a positive and friendly message everywhere. C．People all over the world use the same body language. D．It is always right to use body language instead of words. 39．The writer writes this passage mainly to ________. A．list all the different body languages in the world B．warn people never to use body language in foreign countries C．show that understanding cultural differences in body language is important D．explain why people from Latin America like to stand closer 40．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．When in Rome, Do as the Romans Do B．The Dangerous Body Language C．How to Make Friends in Different Countries D．Body Language: The“Silent Language” Across Cultures 【答案】37．C 38．B 39．C 40．D 【导语】本文介绍了作为 “无声语言” 的肢体语言在不同文化中的差异，以及理解这些文化差异的重要性。 【详解】37．根据第二段 “In some Asian cultures, too much direct eye contact, especially in formal situations can be seen as disrespectful.” 可知日本属于亚洲文化，商务场合长时间直视对方眼睛会被视作不尊重，是需要避免的行为。 38．最后一段提到 “a warm smile is a piece of body language that is almost always understood the right way around the world”，意思是温暖的微笑在世界各地几乎都能被正确解读，通常传递积极友好的信号，对应B选项。 39．文章先点明误解肢体语言会引发麻烦，举例说明不同文化里手势、眼神、个人空间的差异，最后强调要理解并尊重这些差异，写作目的是说明理解肢体语言的文化差异很重要。 40．全文围绕跨文化场景下的肢体语言（无声语言）展开介绍，D选项最贴合主题。 非选择题（共50分） 四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） A）请阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空（方框中有一个单词或短语是多余选项），使短文内容完整正确。 include, started, in addition to, taking part in, is organized, are willing to What is Earth Hour? Earth Hour 41 by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On that evening, people “go dark”, that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour. Earth Hour 42 in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an international event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour 43 Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. Even astronauts on the Space Station have taken part too. Earth Hour is much more than just an hour of turning off lights. By 44 Earth Hour, we are sending a clear message that we care about the future of our planet and 45 take practical steps to protect it. Let’s work together to build a more sustainable and beautiful world for all. 【答案】41．is organized 42．started 43．include 44．taking part in 45．are willing to 【导语】本文介绍了“地球一小时”活动的起源、发展历程及核心意义，呼吁人们通过参与该活动关注地球未来并采取环保行动 【详解】41．句意：“地球一小时”由世界自然基金会（WWF）组织，通常是每年三月底举办的大型活动。此处需要被动语态，主语“Earth Hour”是动作“organize（组织）”的承受者，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is organized。 42．句意：“地球一小时”于2007年在澳大利亚发起，当时悉尼有220万人关掉所有不必要的灯一小时。此处需要一般过去时，时间状语“in 2007”表明动作发生在过去，“start（发起）”的过去式为started，故填started。 43．句意：为“地球一小时”熄灯的著名建筑包括伦敦白金汉宫、巴黎埃菲尔铁塔、北京故宫和纽约帝国大厦。此处需要动词原形，主语“Famous buildings”是复数，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，“include（包括）”符合语境，故填include。 44．句意：通过参与“地球一小时”，我们传递出一个明确的信息：我们关心地球的未来……此处需要动名词短语，介词“by”后接动词的 -ing 形式，“take part in（参与）”的动名词形式为taking part in，故填taking part in。 45．句意：……并且愿意采取切实措施保护它。此处需要固定搭配，“be willing to do sth（愿意做某事）”是常用结构，主语“we”是复数，be动词用are，故填are willing to。 B）请阅读下面短文，根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使短文内容完整正确。 Volunteering at sports events is not only a meaningful experience but also a great way to show our kindness. It is fantastic to work as a volunteer for different games. We can get close to the players, watch exciting matches on the spot, and even meet a famous 46 (运动员) who has made great achievements in sports. As volunteers, we should be thoughtful and ready to help others at any time. We need to look after the audience who need help, guide the players to the 47 (比赛) area, and solve small problems for them 48 (耐心地). What we do as volunteers will greatly 49 (影响) the whole event. A warm smile, a timely help or a clear guidance can make the event run more smoothly. People 50 (期待) volunteers to be warm, responsible and hard-working. 【答案】46．athlete 47．competition 48．patiently 49．influence 50．expect 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在体育赛事中做志愿者的意义和职责。文章介绍了志愿者可以近距离接触运动员、观看比赛、帮助观众和选手等具体工作内容，以及志愿者行为对整个赛事的积极影响和人们对志愿者的期望。 【详解】46．句意： 我们甚至能见到一位在体育领域取得巨大成就的著名运动员。根据汉语提示“运动员”及前文“meet a famous”（见到一位著名的），空格处需填名词athlete（运动员）；由a修饰用单数形式。 47．句意： 引导选手到比赛区域。根据汉语提示“比赛”及后文“area”（区域/场地），空格处需填名词competition（比赛）作定语修饰area；competition area意为“比赛区域”。 48．句意： 耐心地为他们解决小问题。根据汉语提示“耐心地”及前文“solve small problems for them”（为他们解决小问题），空格处需填副词修饰动词短语solve；patient是形容词，其副词形式为patiently。 49．句意： 我们作为志愿者所做的工作将极大地影响整个赛事。根据汉语提示“影响”及前文“will greatly”，空格处位于will之后接动词原形；influence作动词意为“影响”，influence the whole event意为“影响整个赛事”。 50．句意： 人们期待志愿者热情、负责且勤奋。根据汉语提示“期待”及后文“volunteers to be warm, responsible and hard-working”，主语People为复数，全文以一般现在时叙述客观期望；expect sb. to be...为固定搭配，意为“期待某人……”。 C）请阅读下面短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文内容完整正确。 Jichang Garden is one of 51 (fantastic) examples of Jiangnan garden art. It 52 (keep) the real charm of traditional Jiangnan gardens for centuries. In February 2025, Wuxi 53 (show) its beauty as a Jiangnan city by displaying Jichang Garden during the Lantern Festival Gala. The garden skillfully mixes the natural landscapes of mountains and water. It seems that the garden is created by nature itself. When you walk into the garden, worries will be taken away 54 (quick). It always gives   55 (tour) a comfortable and peaceful feeling, like a quiet conversation with nature. 【答案】51．the most fantastic 52．has kept 53．showed 54．quickly 55．tourists 【导语】本文主要介绍了寄畅园，它是江南园林艺术的杰出范例，几个世纪以来一直保持着传统江南园林的魅力，还讲述了2025年2月无锡在元宵晚会上通过展示寄畅园来展现江南城市之美，以及寄畅园巧妙融合山水自然景观，能给人带来舒适宁静之感等内容。 【详解】51．句意：寄畅园是江南园林艺术中最奇妙的范例之一。此处“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……中最……之一”，fantastic的最高级形式是“most fantastic”，前面需加定冠词“the”。 52．句意：几个世纪以来，它一直保持着传统江南园林的真正魅力。根据“for centuries”可知，句子要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“It”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用“has”，“keep”的过去分词是“kept”。 53．句意：2025年2月，无锡在元宵晚会上通过展示寄畅园，展现了它作为江南城市的美丽。根据时间状语“In February 2025”可知，句子要用一般过去时，“show”的过去式是“showed”。 54．句意：当你走进花园时，烦恼会很快被带走。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词短语“be taken away”，“quick”的副词形式是“quickly”。 55．句意：它总是给游客一种舒适宁静的感觉，就像与大自然进行一场安静的对话。此处“give sb. sth.”结构中，“sb.”要用名词，“tour”的名词形式“tourist”符合语境，且这里用复数形式“tourists”表示泛指。 五、阅读填空（共19小题；满分20分） A）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 It is common to experience culture shock (冲击) when living in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Culture shock is the uncomfortable f 56 of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings. It is a quite natural part of being used to a new e 57 . Some good w 58 to successfully reduce and overcome (克服) culture shock are to read about the place where you will be staying and the things you will be doing, also, if possible, speak with someone who has already lived in the new environment. Once you are there, keep in mind that people and customs may be very different from what you are used to. If you have r 59 the difficulties and misunderstandings that may happen to you, you will keep a cool head, and keeping an open m 60 will allow you to find ways of d 61 with those problems that may appear. If it is possible, try your best to talk with the local people and ask them questions. Don’t try to isolate (孤立) yourself, even if it is within a group of people from your own country. Local people will generally be pleased to i 62 you to their culture and willing to answer questions. Don’t be afraid of making m 63 . When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn. Most importantly, keep a sense of h 64 ! Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most people will admire your wisdom and effort to understand their ways, especially if you have no idea of small cultural d 65 . 【答案】56．feeling 57．environment 58．ways 59．realized/realised 60．mind 61．dealing 62．introduce 63．mistakes 64．humor/humour 65．differences 【导语】这篇短文主要讲述了如何有效应对和克服“文化冲击”。 【详解】56．句意：文化冲击是许多人在其他环境中生活时，因不确定性而产生的不适感。形容词uncomfortable作定语修饰名词；根据“of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings”及首字母提示可知，此处指文化冲击是人们因不确定性而产生的不适感，feeling（感觉）符合语义。 57．句意：这是适应新环境过程中很自然的一部分。不定冠词a后接单数名词；前文提到“live in other surroundings”，后文多次出现“new environment”，所以这里用environment（环境）。 58．句意：成功减少和克服文化冲击的一些好方法包括：阅读有关你将居住的地方和要做的事情的资料，如果可能的话，还可以与已经在新环境中生活过的人交流。some后接可数名词复数；后文列举的“read about…speak with…”，这些都是“方法”，所以这里用ways（方法）。 59．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。时态是现在完成时，空格处填过去分词；此处指如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，就能保持冷静，realized/realised（意识到）符合。 60．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。固定搭配keep an open mind意为“保持开放的心态”，所以mind符合。 61．句意：如果你已经意识到可能遇到的困难和误解，你就会保持冷静的头脑，而保持开放的心态将让你找到应对可能出现问题的方法。固定搭配deal with意为“处理”，介词of后接动名词，dealing符合。 62．句意：当地人通常会很乐意向你介绍他们的文化，并愿意回答问题。不定式符号to后接动词原形；固定搭配introduce sb. to sth.表示“向某人介绍某事物”，此处指当地人乐意向你介绍他们的文化，introduce（介绍）符合语义。 63．句意：别害怕犯错。后文提到“When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn”，说明犯错是正常的；固定搭配make mistakes意为“犯错”，mistakes符合。 64．句意：最重要的是，保持幽默感！固定搭配a sense of humor/humour意为“幽默感”，保持幽默感是克服文化冲击的好方法，humor/humour符合。 65．句意：大多数人会欣赏你理解他们方式的智慧和努力，尤其是在你对细微文化差异一无所知的情况下。形容词cultural后接名词；此处指不了解细小的文化差异，表泛指用名词复数，differences（差异）符合。 B）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据内容在短文后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：第66-73小题每个空格只填1个单词；第74小题不超过 15 个词。 Artificial light includes light from signs and streetlamps. It helps people see once the sun goes down. But too much artificial light becomes light pollution. This makes it difficult to see a starry sky. It also harms animals and leads to great energy waste. For billions of years, all life has relied on Earth’s cycle of day and night. It’s encoded (编码) in the DNA of all plants and animals. Humans are completely changing this cycle by lighting up the night. Many insects are drawn to light, but artificial lights can create a deadly attraction. The drop in insect numbers hurts any species that depends on them for food or pollination (授粉). Birds that migrate or hunt at night navigate (导航) by moonlight and starlight. Artificial light can make them fly off course and towards the dangerous nighttime landscapes of cities. Every year millions of birds die crashing into needlessly lighted buildings and towers. Lighting levels that are higher than necessary and light that shines when and where it is not needed are wasteful. Wasting energy costs us a lot, both economically (在经济上) and environmentally. In an average year in the U.S. alone, outdoor lighting uses about 120 terawatt hours of energy, mostly to light up streets and parking lots. That’s enough energy to power all of New York for two years. Light pollution affects every citizen and every species. Luckily, people now realize the problem. A growing number of scientists, homeowners, and environmental groups are taking action to bring the natural night back. From April 21 to 28, people celebrate International Dark Sky Week. It’s a yearly event aimed to remind people to reduce light pollution. Started in 2003 by a teenager, the event is now organized by DarkSky International. The group’s website recommends that people use outdoor lighting only when needed. It also suggests that people help spread the word about light pollution. Why not start going outdoors with friends, family, and neighbors to enjoy the glittering night sky now? Basic information Artificial light, 66 light from signs and streetlamps, helps people see when the sun goes down, but too much of it results in light pollution. Bad 67 Animals• Artificial light 68 a greater number of insects to die, as it attracts them in a deadly way. • What’s worse, insects are closely 69 with other animals and plants because these living things depend on them for food or pollination. • Artificial light puts the lives of birds in 70 because they may crash into the lighted buildings and towers. Energy • It is a 71 of energy to use overly bright lighting or leave lights on unnecessarily. • On average, just in the U.S., outdoor lights use about 120 terawatt-hours of energy each year. Actions taken International Dark Sky Week is celebrated every year from April 21 to April 28. • More and more people from all walks of life are 72 of the importance of bringing natural night back. • DarkSky International’s website suggests: ■ 73 using outdoor lighting when it is not necessary. ■Spread information about light pollution. What is the purpose of this article? (不超过 15 个词) 74 【答案】66．including 67．effects 68．causes 69．connected 70．danger 71．waste 72．aware 73．Avoid 74．To call on people to reduce light pollution. 【导语】本文整体围绕光污染的介绍以及应对的解决办法展开。 66．根据第一段“Artificial light includes light from signs and streetlamps.”可知，此处用介词including作后置定语，表示“包括”，符合语法，说明人造光包括来自标志和路灯的光。 67．从表格内容来看，这一部分列举的是人造光过多带来的不良影响，Bad effects表示“不良影响”，与下文内容相符，第二空应填effects。 68．根据第二段“Many insects are drawn to light, but artificial lights can create a deadly attraction. The drop in insect numbers harms any species that depends on them for food or pollination.”可知，人造光导致更多昆虫死亡，cause表示“导致”，主语Artificial light是单数，所以用第三人称单数形式causes。 69．根据第二段“The drop in insect numbers hurts any species that depends on them for food or pollination”可知，昆虫与其他动物和植物紧密相关，be closely connected with意为“与……紧密相关”，符合文意，第四空应填connected。 70．根据第二段“Artificial light can make them fly off course and towards the dangerous nighttime landscapes of cities. Every year millions of birds die crashing into needlessly lighted buildings and towers.”可知，人造光使鸟类处于危险之中，in danger表示“处于危险中”，第五空应填danger。 71．从第三段“Lighting levels that are higher than necessary and light that shines when and where it is not needed is wasteful.”可知，过度照明或不必要地开灯是能源的浪费，a waste of意为“浪费”，第六空应填名词waste。 72．根据第四段“people now realize the problem. A growing number of scientists, homeowners, and environmental groups are taking action to bring the natural night back.”可知，越来越多的人意识到恢复自然黑夜的重要性，be aware of意为“意识到”，第七空应填aware。 73．根据最后一段“The group’s website recommends that people use outdoor lighting only when needed.”可知，在不必要时应避免使用户外照明，avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，这里是祈使句，用动词原形Avoid。 74．本文介绍光污染的危害后，最终目的是呼吁人们减少光污染。 六、书面表达（满分15分） 75．学校英语俱乐部将举办以“Act for a Better City”为主题的英语演讲比赛，旨在号召同学们为建设更美好的南京而努力。请你根据下面图表中的要点，写一篇英文演讲稿。 Good manners in public Volunteering for the community Green lifestyle … 注意： 1. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。 2. 词数80左右(已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数)。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Act for a Better City Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”. What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Act for a Better City Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”. What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in? First, we should follow good manners in public. We should keep quiet in the library and wait in line politely. Second, we can do volunteer work for the community, like helping clean the park or visiting the elderly. Third, we should live a green life. We can ride bikes instead of taking cars and save water and electricity. Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s work together to make Nanjing a better city! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，用一般现在时为主，第一人称复数（we）呼吁 明确要点：①文明礼仪在公共场合的重要性；②为社区做志愿工作；③绿色生活方式（自拟） 确定人称：第一人称复数（we/our） 注意事项：内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺；词数80左右（已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数）；文中不得透露有关考生个人身份的任何信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句——点明主题“Act for a Better City”，引出如何让城市更美好 主体段：分别从三个方面展开：公共场合文明行为、社区志愿服务、绿色生活方式 结尾段：总结呼吁，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：Good manners—in public 具体做法：keep quiet/wait in line politely/speak quietly 作用效果：show respect to others/make public places comfortable 要点二：Volunteering—for the community 具体做法：help clean the park/visit the elderly/help clean up the street 作用效果：make our neighborhood a warmer place/help those in need 要点三：Green lifestyle 具体做法：ride bikes instead of taking cars/save water and electricity/sort rubbish/plant more trees 作用效果：protect our environment/reduce pollution/save energy 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末考试模拟卷（南京卷） （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分） 选择题（共40分） 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Passage 1 Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It is a big event, usually 1 the end of March. On that evening, people “go dark” — they turn off lights in their homes and offices for one hour. This small action can help improve the environment and save energy at the same time. Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people joined in. Since then, it 2 into a global movement. Whether our planet can 3 greener depends on everyone’s daily effort. Many famous buildings have gone dark for it, especially the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Empire State Building in New York. 4 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part. Earth Hour is much more than just switching off lights. Some people may think they cannot afford to take part in big environmental activities, 5 turning off lights costs nothing at all. Let’s work together to build a greener and more beautiful world for everyone! 1．A．on B．in C．at D．by 2．A．grow B．grows C．grew D．has grown 3．A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．became 4．A．Just B．Only C．Still D．Even 5．A．and B．but C．so D．or Passage 2 Shenzhen, a city at the heart of southern China’s development, 6 from a small fishing village to a world-famous high-tech giant in just 40 years. This great change has surprised the world and made it a symbol of reform and innovation. Many pioneers came to Shenzhen in the 1980s to 7 a living. They worked hard and brought a wealth of creativity. The city’s success is not only due to its convenient transport and excellent facilities but also to its pioneering spirit. Today, Shenzhen 8 many high-tech companies that lead the world in technology. A reporter who 9 the city for years said, “I 10 never seen such fast development. The public transport here, including underground and high-speed trains, is so convenient that people can travel easily.” Shenzhen’s story shows that with courage and creativity, anything is possible. 6．A．changes B．has changed C．changed D．will change 7．A．make B．do C．find D．get 8．A．has B．have C．had D．will have 9．A．covers B．is covering C．has covered D．covered 10．A．have B．has C．do D．did Passage 3 Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 every year. It 11 us to care about our planet. On this day, people have different activities to protect the environment. Some plant trees, some clean up parks, and others give talks about going green. This year, our school will organize a special event. New posters 12 in the hall. Students will be asked to 13 their old books instead of throwing them away. Teachers will tell us how to 14 energy at home. If we all make a difference on Earth Day, our world 15 much better in the future. 11．A．makes B．reminds C．remembers D．suggests 12．A．put on B．will be put up C．set off D．will be set off 13．A．reuse B．reduce C．produce D．protect 14．A．waste B．save C．pollute D．create 15．A．become B．will become C．will be become D．became 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 My name is Li Hua. I have just returned to my hometown after ten years. I am deeply moved by the great changes that have taken place here. In the past, my hometown was a small and poor village. The roads were narrow and   16 . On rainy days, it was very difficult for people to walk. Most villagers made a 17 by farming, but they couldn't make much money. There were only a few old houses, and the living conditions were quite poor. People 18 to travel by bike or on foot because there was no public transport. However, the village has 19 a lot over the years. With the help of the government, the muddy roads have been turned into 20 and clean streets. Rows of modern houses have been built. The village is now home to a 21 of beautiful parks and squares. People can relax and enjoy their free time there. What's more, a new 22 train station has been opened recently. It is much more 23 for people to travel to other cities. Tourism has also developed quickly, bringing more 24 to the villagers. I am so proud of my hometown. I believe its 25 will be even better. 16．A．wide B．muddy C．clean D．flat 17．A．living B．life C．difference D．mistake 18．A．liked B．hoped C．used D．decided 19．A．lost B．changed C．broken D．disappeared 20．A．narrow B．dirty C．wide D．busy 21．A．wealth B．kind C．cup D．piece 22．A．slow B．cheap C．high-speed D．terrible 23．A．convenient B．difficult C．dangerous D．expensive 24．A．pollution B．wealth C．illness D．noise 25．A．future B．past C．memory D．history 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Chicago Children’s Museum offers a lot of fun hands-on activities to kids. However, this is one of the few Chicago museums not “fun for the whole family” as adults and older kids will be bored to tears. - Address: 700 East Grand Ave. (Navy Pier), Chicago - Public transportation: CTA bus lines 29 (State), and 66 (Chicago Avenue) all serve Navy Pier. - Parking fees: - Monday to Thursday: $20 - Friday to Sunday: $24 - Holidays: $24 - Opening hours: - Weekdays: 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. - Weekends: 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. - Entrance fees: - Adults: $12 - Children (5+ years old): $12 - Seniors (65+): $11 - Children (under 5 years old): $5 - Free days: - Mondays are free for all visitors from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. - Thursdays are free for all visitors from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Activities: Located at one of Chicago’s top tourist attractions, Navy Pier, the museum offers three floors of activities for kids, including: - Play It Safe—all about home safety - Inventing Lab provides parts and instructions for creating things - Kids Town—a playroom recreating a Chicago neighborhood where kids can pretend (假装) to do things like shopping and driving a bus 26．How much will John (10 years old), his parents (40 years old) and sister (4 years old) pay if they drive to the museum at 2 p.m. on Tuesday? A．$61 B．$49 C．$20 D．$41 27．If you go to Kids Town, what can you do? A．go on a short trip to a forest B．buy some gifts for your friends C．know more about home safety D．experience Chicago neighborhood life 28．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A story B．A novel C．A poster D．A report B Putting on VR headsets, people can get quite immersive (沉浸式虚拟现实的) gaming experiences. That sounds like fun, but VR isn’t just for video games. It can also be used in many other industries (行业). A few years ago, Oral Roberts University in America opened a new Global Learning Center. It has classrooms with 360-degree cameras on the wall. They turn around to follow and take videos of teachers as they teach. Students don’t have to go to the classroom to experience VR. Through an app on their smartphones, they can see the videos in 3D and control them. “VR has changed the way students learn,” Michael Mathews said. During the 27th Beijing Music Festival in October, 2024, a VR show called *Eight* appeared in Asia for the first time. It tells a story of an old woman looking back on her life and lasts for 15 minutes. As a special mix of music, theater, VR technology (科技) and visual art, the show is really a wonderful experience for visitors. “The VR technology lets these musical experiences make sense,” said Hong Lin, one of the visitors who experienced *Eight*. The director of the show said, “When I have an idea, I think about how to communicate it to others. Whatever thoughts I have, the technology is always in service of them.” VR is getting popular around the world. With the quick development of 5G technology, there is no question that the VR industry will enter a new period. Experts and industry insiders say that the VR industry will enter a new era. 29．Paragraph 2 gives an example of the use of VR in the ________ industry. A．music B．game C．education D．movie 30．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．*Eight* is a show at a music festival. B．VR makes the show *Eight* fantastic. C．It’s important for us to watch shows. D．VR is so useful that we can use it at any time. 31．What can we learn about VR from Paragraph 4? A．It’ll be mainly for game users. B．It’ll face many great difficulties. C．It’ll become the most important technology. D．It’ll develop more quickly with the help of 5G technology. 32．Who might be the most interested in the passage? A．Oscar, who wants to study history. B．James, who shows an interest in Chinese culture. C．George, who has little free time to play video games. D．Sherry, who enjoys reading the news about technology. C Oliver Twist, written by Charles Dickens, tells the story of a poor orphan boy who faces hunger, cruelty, and crime in London. The following scenes are taken from four famous chapters. Scene One In the workhouse, boys were starving. They drew lots to decide who would ask for more food. Oliver lost. That evening, after eating his thin porridge, he walked to the master’s desk. “Please, sir,” he said, “I want some more.” The master was shocked. Everyone stared. “What?” cried the master. “Please, sir,” Oliver repeated, “I want some more.” Scene Two Mr. Sowerberry, the undertaker, took Oliver as his servant. But Mrs. Sowerberry and another boy, Noah, treated Oliver badly. One day, Noah said, “Your mother was a bad woman.” Oliver jumped at him, knocked him down, and beat him wildly. Mrs. Sowerberry screamed. Oliver was locked in a cold room. That night, he ran away toward London. Scene Three In London, a boy named Jack Dawkins—called the Artful Dodger—took Oliver to a man named Fagin. Fagin taught boys to steal. One day, Dodger and another boy stole a handkerchief from an old gentleman. They ran. Oliver was afraid and ran too. People caught him. “Thief!” they shouted. But the old gentleman, Mr. Brownlow, saw the truth. “This boy is not a thief,” he said. Scene Four Mr. Brownlow took Oliver to his clean, warm home. For the first time, Oliver slept in a soft bed. Mr. Brownlow asked, “Do you want to live here?” “Oh yes, sir,” Oliver said with tears. Mr. Brownlow smiled. “Then you shall.” But Fagin and a man named Monks had other plans. They wanted Oliver back. 33．What did Oliver say to the master in the workhouse? A．I want some more. B．I want to go home. C．I don’t like porridge. D．Please let me leave. 34．Which word best describes Oliver in Scene Two? A．Silent. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Polite. 35．What can we infer from Scene Four? A．Oliver decided to become a thief. B．Oliver would face more danger later. C．Mr. Brownlow sent Oliver back to Fagin. D．Oliver would live happily with Mr. Brownlow forever. 36．Each picture below matches one scene. Which scene is missing? A．Scene One. B．Scene Two. C．Scene Three. D．Scene Four. D We all know that language can be a problem in communication, but have you ever thought about the “silent language” — body language? Gestures (手势), facial expressions, and how we use personal space can mean very different things in different cultures. Misunderstanding this “silent language” can sometimes lead to trouble. Let’s look at some common examples. The “OK” gesture , made by forming a circle with your thumb (大拇指) and index finger, means “good” or “okay” in many countries like the USA．However, in Brazil and Germany, it can be very rude. The “thumbs-up” gesture is positive in America and China, but in parts of the Middle East, it’s a rude sign. Eye contact is another interesting one. In North America and Europe, keeping eye contact shows you are honest and paying attention. In some Asian cultures, too much direct eye contact, especially in formal situations can be seen as disrespectful. Even how close you stand to someone sends a message. People from “contact cultures” like those in Latin America or the Middle East like to stand closer when talking. People from “non-contact cultures” (非接触文化) like those in Northern Europe or Japan prefer more personal space. If someone from a non-contact culture steps back during a conversation, they might not be rude; they might just need more space to feel comfortable. Understanding these differences doesn’t mean you have to change your own habits completely. It means understanding and being respectful. When you are with people from another culture, noticing how they act can be a good guide. Remember, a warm smile is a piece of body language that is almost always understood the right way around the world. 37．According to Paragraph 2, what should you AVOID doing during a business meeting in Japan to show respect? A．Smiling warmly from time to time. B．Keeping a comfortable personal space. C．Looking directly into your partner’s eyes for a long time. D．Using the “OK” gesture to agree with an idea. 38．What does the writer mean by saying “a piece of body language that is almost always understood the right way” in the last paragraph? A．Some body language is very simple to learn. B．A smile usually sends a positive and friendly message everywhere. C．People all over the world use the same body language. D．It is always right to use body language instead of words. 39．The writer writes this passage mainly to ________. A．list all the different body languages in the world B．warn people never to use body language in foreign countries C．show that understanding cultural differences in body language is important D．explain why people from Latin America like to stand closer 40．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．When in Rome, Do as the Romans Do B．The Dangerous Body Language C．How to Make Friends in Different Countries D．Body Language: The“Silent Language” Across Cultures 非选择题（共50分） 四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） A）请阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空（方框中有一个单词或短语是多余选项），使短文内容完整正确。 include, started, in addition to, taking part in, is organized, are willing to What is Earth Hour? Earth Hour 41 by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On that evening, people “go dark”, that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour. Earth Hour 42 in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an international event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour 43 Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. Even astronauts on the Space Station have taken part too. Earth Hour is much more than just an hour of turning off lights. By 44 Earth Hour, we are sending a clear message that we care about the future of our planet and 45 take practical steps to protect it. Let’s work together to build a more sustainable and beautiful world for all. B）请阅读下面短文，根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使短文内容完整正确。 Volunteering at sports events is not only a meaningful experience but also a great way to show our kindness. It is fantastic to work as a volunteer for different games. We can get close to the players, watch exciting matches on the spot, and even meet a famous 46 (运动员) who has made great achievements in sports. As volunteers, we should be thoughtful and ready to help others at any time. We need to look after the audience who need help, guide the players to the 47 (比赛) area, and solve small problems for them 48 (耐心地). What we do as volunteers will greatly 49 (影响) the whole event. A warm smile, a timely help or a clear guidance can make the event run more smoothly. People 50 (期待) volunteers to be warm, responsible and hard-working. C）请阅读下面短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文内容完整正确。 Jichang Garden is one of 51 (fantastic) examples of Jiangnan garden art. It 52 (keep) the real charm of traditional Jiangnan gardens for centuries. In February 2025, Wuxi 53 (show) its beauty as a Jiangnan city by displaying Jichang Garden during the Lantern Festival Gala. The garden skillfully mixes the natural landscapes of mountains and water. It seems that the garden is created by nature itself. When you walk into the garden, worries will be taken away 54 (quick). It always gives   55 (tour) a comfortable and peaceful feeling, like a quiet conversation with nature. 五、阅读填空（共19小题；满分20分） A）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 It is common to experience culture shock (冲击) when living in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Culture shock is the uncomfortable f 56 of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings. It is a quite natural part of being used to a new e 57 . Some good w 58 to successfully reduce and overcome (克服) culture shock are to read about the place where you will be staying and the things you will be doing, also, if possible, speak with someone who has already lived in the new environment. Once you are there, keep in mind that people and customs may be very different from what you are used to. If you have r 59 the difficulties and misunderstandings that may happen to you, you will keep a cool head, and keeping an open m 60 will allow you to find ways of d 61 with those problems that may appear. If it is possible, try your best to talk with the local people and ask them questions. Don’t try to isolate (孤立) yourself, even if it is within a group of people from your own country. Local people will generally be pleased to i 62 you to their culture and willing to answer questions. Don’t be afraid of making m 63 . When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you and learn from you in turn. Most importantly, keep a sense of h 64 ! Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most people will admire your wisdom and effort to understand their ways, especially if you have no idea of small cultural d 65 . B）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据内容在短文后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：第66-73小题每个空格只填1个单词；第74小题不超过 15 个词。 Artificial light includes light from signs and streetlamps. It helps people see once the sun goes down. But too much artificial light becomes light pollution. This makes it difficult to see a starry sky. It also harms animals and leads to great energy waste. For billions of years, all life has relied on Earth’s cycle of day and night. It’s encoded (编码) in the DNA of all plants and animals. Humans are completely changing this cycle by lighting up the night. Many insects are drawn to light, but artificial lights can create a deadly attraction. The drop in insect numbers hurts any species that depends on them for food or pollination (授粉). Birds that migrate or hunt at night navigate (导航) by moonlight and starlight. Artificial light can make them fly off course and towards the dangerous nighttime landscapes of cities. Every year millions of birds die crashing into needlessly lighted buildings and towers. Lighting levels that are higher than necessary and light that shines when and where it is not needed are wasteful. Wasting energy costs us a lot, both economically (在经济上) and environmentally. In an average year in the U.S. alone, outdoor lighting uses about 120 terawatt hours of energy, mostly to light up streets and parking lots. That’s enough energy to power all of New York for two years. Light pollution affects every citizen and every species. Luckily, people now realize the problem. A growing number of scientists, homeowners, and environmental groups are taking action to bring the natural night back. From April 21 to 28, people celebrate International Dark Sky Week. It’s a yearly event aimed to remind people to reduce light pollution. Started in 2003 by a teenager, the event is now organized by DarkSky International. The group’s website recommends that people use outdoor lighting only when needed. It also suggests that people help spread the word about light pollution. Why not start going outdoors with friends, family, and neighbors to enjoy the glittering night sky now? Basic information Artificial light, 66 light from signs and streetlamps, helps people see when the sun goes down, but too much of it results in light pollution. Bad 67 Animals• Artificial light 68 a greater number of insects to die, as it attracts them in a deadly way. • What’s worse, insects are closely 69 with other animals and plants because these living things depend on them for food or pollination. • Artificial light puts the lives of birds in 70 because they may crash into the lighted buildings and towers. Energy • It is a 71 of energy to use overly bright lighting or leave lights on unnecessarily. • On average, just in the U.S., outdoor lights use about 120 terawatt-hours of energy each year. Actions taken International Dark Sky Week is celebrated every year from April 21 to April 28. • More and more people from all walks of life are 72 of the importance of bringing natural night back. • DarkSky International’s website suggests: ■ 73 using outdoor lighting when it is not necessary. ■Spread information about light pollution. What is the purpose of this article? (不超过 15 个词) 74 六、书面表达（满分15分） 75．学校英语俱乐部将举办以“Act for a Better City”为主题的英语演讲比赛，旨在号召同学们为建设更美好的南京而努力。请你根据下面图表中的要点，写一篇英文演讲稿。 Good manners in public Volunteering for the community Green lifestyle … 注意： 1. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。 2. 词数80左右(已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数)。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Act for a Better City Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”. What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $