暑假自学课第12讲 Unit 3 Family ties 语法（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第12讲 Unit 3 Family ties — 语法 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：学习名词所有格的三种形式以及形容词性和名词性物主代词的用法 Part 1 温故知新 —— 小学基础回顾 同学们在小学已经学过了's所有格和基本物主代词my/your/his/her。先来快速回顾！ 一、's所有格（小学基础） 's所有格表示“……的”，通常用于有生命的人或动物： 例句 含义 Tom's bag 汤姆的书包 my mother's book 我妈妈的书 the cat's tail 猫的尾巴 my parents's car 我父母的车 二、基础物主代词复习 小学已学的形容词性物主代词： 人称 形容词性物主代词 中文 我 my 我的 你/你们 your 你的/你们的 他 his 他的 她 her 她的 Part 2 习新知法 —— 名词所有格与物主代词全解 一、名词所有格的三种形式 1. 's所有格（有生命的名词） 规则： 1. 单数名词直接在末尾加's：the boy's book（男孩的书） 2. 复数名词以s结尾的只加'：the girls' school（女孩们的学校） 3. 复数名词不以s结尾的加's：the children's toys（孩子们的玩具） 4. 并列名词共同拥有时只在最后一个加's：Tom and Jim's room（共有的房间） 5. 并列名词各自拥有时每个都加's：Tom's and Jim's rooms（各自的房间） 2. of所有格（无生命的名词） of所有格用于无生命的事物，结构为：the + 名词 + of + 名词 结构 例句 the + A + of + B the map of China（中国地图） the name of the school（学校名字） the colour of the room（房间的颜色） 3. 双重所有格 of + 's 结构表示部分概念或强调： 结构 例句 a/an + 名词 + of + 名词所有格 a friend of my mother's a book of Tom's 二、形容词性物主代词完整表 人称 单数 复数 中文对照 第一人称 my our 我的/我们的 第二人称 your your 你的/你们的 第三人称 his / her / its their 他的/她的/它的/他们的 注意：形容词性物主代词后面必须跟名词，不能单独使用。 例：This is my book. (正确) That is my. (错误) 三、名词性物主代词完整表 人称 单数 复数 中文对照 第一人称 mine ours 我的/我们的 第二人称 yours yours 你的/你们的 第三人称 his / hers / its theirs 他的/她的/它的/他们的 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词，可以独立使用。 形容词性 名词性 例句 my mine This is my pen. = This pen is mine. your yours That is your seat. = That seat is yours. his his It is his coat. = The coat is his. her hers This is her bag. = This bag is hers. 四、易错点提示 - its（它的）和it's（it is缩写）容易混淆，注意区分 - his既是形容词性也是名词性，形式相同 - 名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词根据所指代的名词的单复数确定 - 双重所有格中，名词不能是专有名词：a pencil of mine（正确） 五、重点词汇精讲 以下单词是Unit 3的核心词汇，不仅要认识，还要会用。 1. whose “谁的” — 疑问词，whose + 名词 例句：Whose book is this? It's mine. 例句：Whose bag is that? It's Tom's. 练习：______ pen is this? It's my sister's. 2. family “家庭；家人” — 复数 families 搭配：family member / family photo / family name 例句：There are four people in my family. 例句：This is a photo of my family. 练习：My ______ has a big dinner together on New Year's Eve. 3. own “自己的” — 形容词性物主代词 + own + 名词 搭配：my own / on one's own / of one's own 例句：I have my own room. 例句：She has a bike of her own. 练习：He wants his ______ car.（自己的） 4. love “爱；喜爱” — 名词/动词，同义词 like/enjoy 搭配：love doing / love to do / fall in love with 例句：I love my family very much. 例句：She loves reading books. 练习：We ______ our parents.（爱） 5. each “每个” — each other “互相” 搭配：each other / each of + 复数名词 例句：We help each other. 例句：Each student has a new book. 练习：They love ______ ______.（互相） Part 3 基础巩固 一、用适当的名词所有格形式填空 (1) This is ______ (Tom) schoolbag. (2) The ______ (girl) dresses are beautiful. (3) ______ (Mr Li) office is on the third floor. (4) The ______ (children) toys are on the floor. (5) ______ (Lucy and Lily) mother is a doctor. (6) The ______ (teachers) desk is very clean. 二、用合适的物主代词填空 (1) This is ______ (I) pencil. (2) ______ (She) name is Alice. (3) That book is ______ (he). (4) We love ______ (we) school. (5) This is not my pen. ______ (I) is red. (6) Look at ______ (they) new classroom. (7) Is that ______ (you) cup? No, it's ______ (she). (8) ______ (We) classroom is bigger than ______ (they). 三、单项选择 1. This is not my book. It's ______. A. her B. hers C. she D. my 2. ______ classroom is on the first floor. A. We B. Our C. Ours D. Us 3. — Whose bag is this? — It's ______. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom's D. Toms' 4. That is not ______ pen. ______ is blue. A. my; My B. my; Mine C. mine; My D. mine; Mine 5. The ______ office is over there. A. teachers B. teacher's C. teachers' D. teacher 6. This is a friend of ______. A. me B. my C. mine D. I Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题 (1) This is Tom book. ______ → ______ (2) The girls's dresses are new. ______ → ______ (3) This book is my. ______ → ______ (4) That isn't her pen. Is his? ______ → ______ (5) The name of the book's name is interesting. ______ → ______ (6) Their is a nice family. ______ → ______ 二、按要求改写句子 (1) This is my schoolbag.（改为同义句） This schoolbag ______ ______. (2) That is Tom's bike.（改为同义句） That bike ______ ______. (3) These are our books.（改为同义句） These books ______ ______. (4) This is the photo of my family.（用's所有格改写） This is ______ ______ ______. 三、完形填空 阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案： Hi! My (1) ______ is Li Ming. I have a happy family. This is (2) ______ father. (3) ______ is a doctor. These are my (4) ______. They are my grandparents. The dog over there is (5) ______. Its name is Wangwang. I love (6) ______ family. (1) A. name B. names C. name's (2) A. I B. my C. mine (3) A. He B. His C. Him (4) A. parent's B. parents C. parents' (5) A. our B. we C. ours (6) A. mine B. my C. I 四、书面表达 My Family Photo 假设你有一张家庭照片，请写一段话来介绍照片中的人物，至少5句话。要求用上名词所有格和物主代词。 ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 名词所有格口诀 名词所有格，表“的”字含义多； 有生命加's，无生命用of； 复数s后只加撇，共同所有末位加； 分别所有分别加，各自拥有要分清。 物主代词口诀 物主代词分两种，形名不同要记牢； 形代不能单独用，后面必须跟名词； 名代独立作主语，相当于“形代+名”； my/mine, your/yours, his/his, her/hers； its/its, our/ours, their/theirs。 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一、用适当的名词所有格形式填空： (1) Tom's 【解析】单数名词加's。 (2) girls' 【解析】复数名词以s结尾加'。 (3) Mr Li's 【解析】人名加's。 (4) children's 【解析】复数名词(children)不以s结尾加's。 (5) Lucy and Lily's 【解析】共同所有，末位加's。 (6) teachers' 【解析】复数名词以s结尾加'。 二、用合适的物主代词填空： (1) my 【解析】形容词性物主代词后跟名词。 (2) Her 【解析】形容词性物主代词her。 (3) his 【解析】名词性物主代词，相当于his book。 (4) our 【解析】our school我们的学校。 (5) Mine 【解析】名词性物主代词=my pen。 (6) their 【解析】their classroom。 (7) your; hers 【解析】your cup你的杯子；hers=her cup。 (8) Our; theirs 【解析】Our classroom；theirs=their classroom。 三、单项选择： 1. B 【解析】hers是名词性物主代词=her book。 2. B 【解析】形容词性物主代词our修饰classroom。 3. C 【解析】名词所有格Tom's。 4. B 【解析】第一空my修饰pen；第二空Mine作主语。 5. B 【解析】teacher's 单数名词所有格，表示“老师的办公室”。 6. C 【解析】a friend of mine双重所有格。 Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题： (1) Tom → Tom's 【解析】缺少所有格's。 (2) girls's → girls' 【解析】复数s结尾只加'。 (3) my → mine 【解析】表语用名词性物主代词。 (4) 缺少主语 【解析】应在句首加it，改为Is it his? (5) 去掉第二个's name 【解析】of所有格已表示“的”，去掉重复的's name。 (6) Their → They 【解析】Their后缺名词，应该用主语They。 二、按要求改写句子： (1) is mine (2) is Tom's (3) are ours (4) my family's photo 三、完形填空： (1) A 【解析】My name is Li Ming，name后已有is，选name。 (2) B 【解析】形容词性物主代词my修饰father。 (3) A 【解析】主格He作主语。 (4) B 【解析】parents父母（复数）。 (5) C 【解析】名词性物主代词ours=our dog。 (6) B 【解析】my修饰family。 四、书面表达（参考范文）： My Family Photo Look at this photo! It is a photo of my family. The man on the left is my father. He is Tom's father. The woman next to him is my mother. She is a teacher. The little girl is my sister. Her name is Lucy. The boy is me. I love my family! This photo is mine. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $