暑假自学课第10讲Unit2More than fun语法（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第10讲 Unit 2 More than fun — 语法 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：学习There be句型、指示代词this/that/these/those以及方位介词的用法 Part 1 温故知新 —— be动词和方位表达小学回顾 同学们在小学已经学过一些方位表达和简单的there be句型。先来热热身！ 一、小学已学的方位表达 英语 中文 in the box 在盒子里 on the desk 在书桌上 under the chair 在椅子下面 behind the door 在门后面 next to the bed 在床旁边 二、小学已学的“有”的表达 句型 示例 There is + 单数名词 There is a book on the desk. There are + 复数名词 There are two pens in the pencil case. 三、this / that 基础用法 小学学过用this和that指代物品： 英语 中文 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 That is a dog. 那是一只狗。 Is that a schoolbag? 那是一个书包吗？ Part 2 习新知法 —— Unit 2 语法全解 一、There be 句型详解 There be 句型表示“某地有某物”，即“存在有”的概念。注意和“拥有(have/has)”区分。 1. 肯定句 结构 例句 There is + a/an + 单数名词 There is a book on the desk. There are + 复数名词 There are three pencils in the box. There is + 不可数名词 There is some water in the cup. 2. 否定句 结构 例句 There isn”t + 单数名词 There isn”t a book on the desk. There aren”t + 复数名词 There aren”t any pencils in the box. There isn”t + 不可数名词 There isn”t any water in the cup. 注意：否定句中some要变成any。 3. 一般疑问句 结构 例句 Is there + 单数名词? Is there a book on the desk? Are there + 复数名词? Are there any pencils in the box? Is there + 不可数名词? Is there any water in the cup? 回答：Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn”t/aren”t. 4. 就近原则 当there be后面有多个名词并列时，be动词的单复数由最靠近它的第一个名词决定。 例：There is a pen and two books on the desk.（a pen是单数，用is） 例：There are two books and a pen on the desk.（two books是复数，用are） 二、指示代词 this / that / these / those 指示代词 指代 示例 this 这个（近处单数） This is my schoolbag. that 那个（远处单数） That is your classroom. these 这些（近处复数） These are my books. those 那些（远处复数） Those are their desks. 注意对比： 单数 复数 This is an apple. 这是一个苹果。 These are apples. 这些是苹果。 That is a pear. 那是一个梨。 Those are pears. 那些是梨。 三、方位介词 Prepositions of Place 本单元需要掌握的方位介词如下： 介词 用法 in 在……里面 on 在……上面（接触表面） under 在……下面 behind 在……后面 next to 在……旁边 / 紧邻 in front of 在……前面 例：The cat is under the table. / The school is next to the park. 五、重点词汇精讲 以下单词是Unit 2的核心词汇，不仅要认识，还要会用。 1. there “在那里” — There be句型中无实际意义 搭配：There is/are + 名词 + 地点 例句：There is a book on the desk. 例句：There are many students in the classroom. 练习：______ a map on the wall.（有） 2. between “在……之间” — 两者之间，三者以上用among 搭配：between A and B 例句：The library is between the classroom and the gym. 例句：She sits between Tom and Mike. 练习：The park is ______ the school ______ the hospital.（在……和……之间） 3. behind “在……后面” — 反义词 in front of 搭配：behind + 名词 / from behind 例句：The dining hall is behind the library. 例句：There is a garden behind the house. 练习：The playground is ______ the teaching building.（在……后面） 4. next to “紧挨着” — 同义词 beside 搭配：next to + 名词 例句：My classroom is next to the library. 例句：She sits next to me. 练习：The hospital is ______ ______ the school.（紧挨着） 5. these “这些” — this的复数形式，those “那些”是that的复数 搭配：these/those + 名词复数 例句：These books are mine. Those are yours. 例句：Are these your pencils? 练习：______ are my friends.（这些是） Part 3 基础巩固 一、用 is / are 填空 (1) There ______ a pencil on the desk. (2) There ______ two cats under the bed. (3) There ______ some water in the glass. (4) There ______ a book and three pens in the schoolbag. (5) There ______ four chairs and a table in the room. (6) ______ there any milk in the fridge? 二、用 this / that / these / those 填空 (1) Look at ______ flowers here in my hand. They are beautiful! (2) ______ is my new bike over there near the tree. (3) ______ are my classmates. We are in the same class. (4) ______ books on the far shelf are for teachers. (5) ______ is my desk. I sit here every day. 三、单项选择 1. There ______ a big library in our school. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. ______ there any oranges in the bag? A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Do 3. ______ is my friend Tom. He sits next to me. A. That B. Those C. This D. These 4. Look at the birds ______ the tree. They are singing. A. on B. in C. under D. behind 5. There ______ a girl and two boys in the classroom. A. is B. are C. am D. be 6. — Are these your books? — Yes, ______ are. A. these B. those C. they D. them Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题（找出错误并改正） (1) There are a book on the desk. ______ → ______ (2) There isn”t some water in the cup. ______ → ______ (3) These is my schoolbag. ______ → ______ (4) Look at that apples over there. ______ → ______ (5) The cat is next the chair. ______ → ______ 二、按要求完成句子 (1) There is a computer on the desk.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ a computer on the desk. (2) There are some flowers in the garden.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ ______ flowers in the garden? (3) This is my pen.（改为复数句） ______ ______ my pens. (4) That is a football under the chair.（改为复数句） ______ ______ footballs under the chair. (5) There is a cat behind the door.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ a cat? 三、完形填空 阅读短文，选择最佳选项： Hello! I”m Li Hua. (1) ______ is my classroom. (2) ______ a big blackboard on the wall. There (3) ______ forty desks and forty chairs in the room. (4) ______ are some pictures on the wall, too. My desk is (5) ______ the window. I like my classroom very much. (1) A. This B. That C. These D. Those (2) A. There is B. There are C. Is there D. Are there (3) A. is B. are C. am D. be (4) A. There is B. There are C. Is there D. Are there (5) A. on B. in C. next D. next to 四、写作 My Classroom 请以“My Classroom”为题，用there be句型和方位介词写一篇不少于6句话的短文。 提示：What is in your classroom? Where are the desks, chairs, blackboard, and windows? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 There be 句型口诀 There be 有“有”，表示某地有某物； 单数is，复数are，就近原则要记住； 否定句加not，疑问句be提前； some变any要留心，句子结构要记清！ 指示代词口诀 this这个离我近，that那个离我远； these这些是复数，those那些指远处。 单数is复数are，问句答语要对应。 方位介词口诀 in在里面on在上面，under在下面看不见； behind在后面躲，next to在旁边挨着。 方位介词用处大，描述位置全靠它！ 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一、用 is / are 填空： (1) is (2) are (3) is (4) is (5) are (6) Is 二、用 this / that / these / those 填空： (1) these 【解析】here in my hand表示近处，flowers复数用these。 (2) That 【解析】over there表示远处，单数用that。 (3) These 【解析】are提示复数，指近处我的同学用these。 (4) Those 【解析】on the far shelf远处书架，复数用those。 (5) This 【解析】指自己坐的桌椅，近处单数用this。 三、单项选择： 1. A 【解析】a library是单数，用There is。 2. B 【解析】oranges是复数，用Are there。 3. C 【解析】sits next to me说明是近处，用This。 4. B 【解析】鸟在树上用in the tree（外来的事物用in）。 5. A 【解析】就近原则，a girl是单数，用is。 6. C 【解析】回答these的疑问句用they代替。 Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题： (1) are → is（a book是单数，用is） (2) some → any（否定句中some要变成any） (3) These is → This is 或 These are（主谓一致） (4) that → those（apples是复数，用those） (5) next → next to（“在……旁边”是next to） 二、按要求完成句子： (1) is not / isn”t (2) Are there any (3) These are (4) Those are (5) Where is 三、完形填空： (1) A 【解析】介绍近处的教室用This。 (2) A 【解析】a big blackboard是单数，用There is。 (3) B 【解析】forty desks是复数，用are。 (4) B 【解析】some pictures是复数，用There are。 (5) D 【解析】“在窗户旁边”是next to the window。 四、写作（参考范文）： My Classroom This is my classroom. It is big and clean. There is a blackboard on the front wall. There are forty desks and forty chairs in the room. There are four big windows next to the wall. My desk is next to the window. There are some green plants behind the door. I like my classroom very much! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $