暑假自学课第8讲Unit 1 A New Start 语法（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第8讲 Unit 1 A New Start — 语法 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：系统学习be动词和一般现在时的完整用法，包括三单变化、句型转换和频度副词 Part 1 温故知新 —— be动词与一般现在时回顾 同学们在小学已经学过be动词（am, is, are）和一般现在时的基本用法。进入初中，我们需要更系统地掌握这些知识。先来回顾一下！ 一、be动词三兄弟 主语 be动词 缩写形式 I am I”m He / She / It is He”s / She”s / It”s We / You / They are We”re / You”re / They”re 二、be动词的句型变化 句型 例句 肯定句 He is a student. 否定句 He is not (isn”t) a student. 一般疑问句 Is he a student? 简略回答 Yes, he is. / No, he isn”t. 三、实义动词一般现在时基本形式 当主语不是第三人称单数时，动词用原形： I / You / We / They + 动词原形：I like dogs. / They play football. 当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it/人名）时，动词加 -s 或 -es： 情况 变化规则 示例 一般情况 加 -s likes, plays, runs 以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾 加 -es watches, goes, fixes 辅音+y结尾 改y为i加-es studies, flies, carries have 变为has has 四、小学常见的一般现在时标志词 every day / every morning / every week 每天/每天早上/每周 often / usually / always / sometimes 经常/通常/总是/有时 on Mondays / in the morning / at night 在周一/在早上/在晚上 Part 2 习新知法 —— 一般现在时深化 一、be动词的完整用法 Full Use of be Verbs be动词除了“是”的意思，还用于以下情况： 用法 例句 表示身份 I am a student. 我是一名学生。 表示年龄 She is 12 years old. 她12岁。 表示状态 They are happy. 他们很开心。 表示地点 My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 表示天气 It is sunny today. 今天天气晴朗。 注意：there be句型表示“有”，与have/has的区别： There is a book on the desk.（某地有某物） I have a book.（某人拥有某物） 二、实义动词三单变化更多示例 More -s/-es Rules 除了之前学过的规则，还需要注意以下特殊情况： 规则 动词原形 三单形式 以 -s 结尾 miss misses 以 -x 结尾 mix mixes 以 -ch 结尾 teach teaches 以 -sh 结尾 finish finishes 以 -o 结尾 go / do goes / does 注意：不规则动词需要特殊记忆：have → has / be → am/is/are 三、否定句与疑问句句型变换 Sentence Transformation be动词的否定和疑问： 句型 示例 肯定句 She is in the classroom. 否定句（be + not） She is not (isn”t) in the classroom. 一般疑问句（be提前） Is she in the classroom? 特殊疑问句（疑问词+一般疑问句） Where is she? 实义动词的否定和疑问（需要助动词do/does）： 句型 示例 肯定句 He likes reading books. 否定句（don”t / doesn”t + 动词原形） He doesn”t like reading books. 一般疑问句（Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形） Does he like reading books? 简略回答 Yes, he does. / No, he doesn”t. 特殊疑问句 What does he like doing? 注意：does已经体现了第三人称单数，后面的动词用原形！ 四、频度副词 Adverbs of Frequency 频度副词表示动作发生的频率，在一般现在时中常常使用： 频度副词 频率 always (100%) 总是；一直 usually (80%) 通常 often (60%) 经常 sometimes (40%) 有时 never (0%) 从不 频度副词的位置口诀：“be后行为前”（放在be动词之后、实义动词之前）： She is always happy. (be动词之后) He usually gets up at 6 o”clock. (实义动词之前) I sometimes go to the library. (实义动词之前) 五、重点词汇精讲 以下单词是Unit 1的核心词汇，不仅要认识，还要会用。 1. every “每一个” — 后面接单数名词 搭配：every day / every week / every morning 例句：I go to school every day. 例句：He plays football every weekend. 练习：She reads English ______ morning.（每天早晨） 2. often “经常” — 频度副词，放在be后/实义动词前 搭配：How often...? / more often 例句：I often go to the library. 例句：She often helps her mother. 练习：He ______ plays basketball after school.（经常） 3. sometimes “有时” — 频度副词，可放句首/句中/句末 搭配：sometimes... sometimes... 例句：Sometimes I walk to school. 例句：She sometimes watches TV in the evening. 练习：______ I go swimming with my dad.（有时） 4. always “总是” — 频度最高100%，反义词 never 搭配：always + 动词 / be always + 形容词 例句：He is always happy. 例句：They always get up early. 练习：My mother ______ gets up at 6:00.（总是） 5. be from “来自” — 同义词 come from 例句：I am from China. = I come from China. 例句：Where are you from? = Where do you come from? 练习：She ______ from England. = She ______ from England. Part 3 基础巩固 一、用 am/is/are 填空 (1) I ______ a new student here. (2) My parents ______ teachers. (3) She ______ very excited about the trip. (4) We ______ in Class 3, Grade 7. (5) The classroom ______ big and clean. (6) ______ you from Beijing? (7) Where ______ your new school? (8) How old ______ your brother? 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1) He often ______ (play) basketball after school. (2) She ______ (have) a new notebook. (3) They ______ (go) to school by bus every day. (4) My mother ______ (watch) TV in the evening. (5) Tom ______ (study) very hard at school. (6) We ______ (like) our new class teacher. (7) The cat ______ (eat) fish every day. (8) I ______ (do) my homework at 7 o”clock. 三、单项选择 Multiple Choice 1. My sister ______ a student at Sunshine Middle School. A. am B. is C. are D. be 2. They ______ from Shanghai. They are from Beijing. A. don't B. isn't C. aren't D. doesn't 3. He usually ______ up at 6:30 in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting D. is get 4. ______ your mother like reading books? A. Do B. Is C. Does D. Are 5. I ______ like maths. I think it”s difficult. A. don't B. doesn't C. isn't D. am not 6. She ______ goes to the park. She goes there every Sunday. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. seldom 7. — Where ______ he ______ from? — He comes from Beijing. A. do; come B. does; come C. does; comes D. is; come Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题 Error Correction 下列各句中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。 (1) He don”t like playing football. ______ → ______ (2) She go to school by bus every day. ______ → ______ (3) They isn”t in the same class. ______ → ______ (4) My father watch TV every evening. ______ → ______ (5) Do your sister have a dictionary? ______ → ______ (6) He always is happy at school. ______ → ______ 二、按要求改写句子 Sentence Rewriting (1) Tom likes playing basketball.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ playing basketball. (2) My parents are at home today.（改为一般疑问句） ______ your parents at home today? (3) She goes to school by bike.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she go to school? (4) They are from Shanghai.（对划线部分提问） ______ are they from? (5) I often read books in the library.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you often ______ books in the library? 三、完形填空 Cloze Test 阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案： Hello! My name (1) ______ Li Ming. I (2) ______ 12 years old. I (3) ______ a student at Sunshine Junior High School. I (4) ______ my new school very much. There (5) ______ a big library in my school. My classmates (6) ______ very friendly. We often (7) ______ football after school. I (8) ______ very happy here. (1) A. am B. is C. are D. be (2) A. am B. is C. are D. be (3) A. am B. is C. are D. be (4) A. like B. likes C. is liking D. to like (5) A. am B. is C. are D. have (6) A. am B. is C. are D. be (7) A. plays B. play C. is playing D. playing (8) A. am B. is C. are D. be Part 5 本讲总结 be动词口诀 I用am，you用are，is用于他她它； 单数is，复数are，be动词用法要牢记。 变否定很简单，be后加not莫忘记； 变疑问也不难，be提句首就可以。 实义动词一般现在时口诀 一般现在时，经常反复做的事； 主语三单动词变， -s/-es加后面； 变否定用doesn't，变疑问用does； does已把三单代，后面动词用原形！ 频度副词口诀 频度副词表频率，always总是百分百； usually通常/ often经常，sometimes有时/ never从不； 放在be后行为前，提问就用how often！ 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一、用 am/is/are 填空： (1) am (2) are (3) is (4) are (5) is (6) Are (7) is (8) is 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空： (1) plays 【解析】主语He三单，play加-s。 (2) has 【解析】主语She三单，have变has。 (3) go 【解析】主语They复数，动词用原形。 (4) watches 【解析】主语三单，watch加-es。 (5) studies 【解析】辅音+y结尾，改y为i加-es。 (6) like 【解析】主语We复数，动词用原形。 (7) eats 【解析】主语cat三单，eat加-s。 (8) do 【解析】主语I，动词用原形。 三、单项选择： 1. B 【解析】主语My sister三单，用is。 2. C 【解析】主语They复数，否定用aren”t。 3. B 【解析】usually提示一般现在时，主语He三单用gets。 4. C 【解析】主语your mother三单，一般疑问句用Does。 5. A 【解析】主语I，否定用don”t。 6. C 【解析】every Sunday提示总是去，用always。 7. B 【解析】主语he三单，疑问用Does he come。 Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题： (1) don”t → doesn”t（主语He三单，否定用doesn”t） (2) go → goes（主语She三单，动词加-es） (3) isn”t → aren”t（主语They复数，负合用aren”t） (4) watch → watches（主语My father三单，watch加-es） (5) Do → Does（主语your sister三单，用Does开头） (6) always is → is always（频度副词放在be动词之后） 二、按要求改写句子： (1) doesn”t like (2) Are (3) How does (4) Where (5) Do; read 三、完形填空： (1) B 【解析】主语my name三单，用is。 (2) A 【解析】主语I，用am。 (3) A 【解析】主语I，用am。 (4) A 【解析】主语I，一般现在时用like。 (5) B 【解析】主语a library单数，用is（there be句型）。 (6) C 【解析】主语My classmates复数，用are。 (7) B 【解析】主语We复数，often提示一般现在时，用play。 (8) A 【解析】主语I，用am。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $