暑假自学课第2讲+一般现在时+三单变化（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第2讲 一般现在时 · 现在进行时 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：复习一般现在时和现在进行时的基本用法，重点掌握三单变化和现在分词规则 Part 1 温故知新 —— 一般现在时回顾 一般现在时是英语中最基础的时态，用来描述经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 一、一般现在时的用法 1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作：I get up at 6 o'clock every day. 2. 表示客观事实或真理：The earth goes around the sun. 3. 表示现在的状态或特征：She is tall and thin. 二、be动词的一般现在时 主语 be动词 例句 I am I am a student. He / She / It is She is my friend. We / You / They are They are in the classroom. 三、实义动词的一般现在时 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加 -s 或 -es（即三单形式）： 情况 变化 例句 一般情况 加 -s He likes music. 以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾 加 -es She watches TV. 辅音+y结尾 改y为i加-es He studies hard. have 变为has She has a cat. 请判断下列句子是否正确，若不正确请改正： (1) He go to school by bus every day. (2) She like reading books. (3) My mother watches TV in the evening. (4) They plays football after school. 四、一般现在时的时间标志词 often（经常）, always（总是）, usually（通常）, sometimes（有时）, every day（每天）, on Sundays（在周日）等。 Part 2 学习新知 —— 现在进行时入门 一、现在进行时的用法 现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，结构为：主语 + be + V-ing。 标志词：now（现在）, at the moment（此刻）, Look!（看！）, Listen!（听！） 二、现在分词（V-ing）变化规则 情况 变化 例词 一般情况 加 -ing play→playing, read→reading 不发音e结尾 去e加-ing make→making, write→writing 重读闭音节（单元单辅） 双写末尾字母加-ing swim→swimming, run→running ie结尾 改ie为y加-ing lie→lying, die→dying 以c结尾 加k再加-ing picnic→picnicking 注意：重读闭音节是指“辅音+元音+辅音”结构且最后一个音节重读的单词，如：swim（swim-ming），run（run-ning），get（get-ting），shop（shop-ping）。 三、现在进行时的句型变化 句型 例句 肯定句 He is reading a book. 否定句 He is not reading a book. 一般疑问句 Is he reading a book? 特殊疑问句 What is he doing? Part 3 基础巩固 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 用一般现在时或现在进行时填空： (1) He often ______ (go) to school by bike. (2) Look! The children ______ (play) football on the playground. (3) My mother ______ (watch) TV every evening. (4) It's 7 o'clock now. Tom ______ (get) up. (5) She ______ (have) a new bike. (6) Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room. (7) They ______ (not like) swimming. (8) We ______ (do) morning exercises now. 二、按要求改写句子 按括号内要求完成句子： (1) Tom likes playing football.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ playing football. (2) My sister is reading a book.（改为一般疑问句） ______ your sister ______ a book? (3) They go to school by bus.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they go to school? (4) The boys are playing basketball now.（对划线部分提问） ______ are the boys ______ now? 三、单项选择 1. My father ______ to work by car every day. A. go B. goes C. going D. is going 2. Look! The girls ______ in the park. A. dance B. dances C. are dancing D. is dancing 3. She ______ breakfast at 7:00 every morning. A. have B. has C. is having D. haves 4. Listen! Someone ______ for help. A. cries B. cry C. is crying D. are crying 5. They often ______ football after school. A. plays B. play C. are playing D. is playing 6. He ______ like maths. He thinks it's difficult. A. don't B. isn't C. doesn't D. aren't Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题（找出错误并改正） (1) He go to school by bus every day. ______ → ______ (2) She is have lunch now. ______ → ______ (3) They are play basketball at the moment. ______ → ______ (4) My brother like reading books. ______ → ______ (5) Look! The cat is sleep on the sofa. ______ → ______ 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案： It (1) ______ a sunny day today. The sun (2) ______ brightly. Tom and his friends (3) ______ in the park. Look! Tom (4) ______ a kite. Lily (5) ______ under a tree. She (6) ______ a book. They (7) ______ very happy. (1) A. is B. are C. am D. be (2) A. shine B. shines C. is shining D. are shining (3) A. is B. are C. am D. be (4) A. flys B. is flying C. flies D. fly (5) A. is sitting B. are sitting C. sit D. sits (6) A. read B. reads C. is reading D. are reading (7) A. is B. are C. am D. be 三、写作 My Sunday Morning 请用一般现在时和现在进行时，写一段话描述你星期天早上通常做什么，以及此刻你正在做什么。（不少于5句话） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 一般现在时口诀 一般现在时很简单，主语三单动词变； 变否定、变疑问，助动词does来帮忙； does已把第三人称单数代表，后面动词用原形！ 现在进行时口诀 现在进行时，动作正进行； be加V-ing，be随主语变； 现在分词有规律，一般词尾加-ing； 不发音e要去掉，重读闭音双写加。 参考答案 Part 1 温故知新 三、判断正误： (1) go → goes（主语He是第三人称单数） (2) like → likes（主语She是第三人称单数） (3) 正确 (4) plays → play（主语They不是第三人称单数） Part 3 基础巩固 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空： (1) goes 【解析】often提示一般现在时，主语He用三单。 (2) are playing 【解析】Look!提示现在进行时，主语复数用are。 (3) watches 【解析】every evening提示一般现在时，三单加-es。 (4) is getting 【解析】now提示现在进行时。 (5) has 【解析】一般现在时，三单have变has。 (6) is singing 【解析】Listen!提示现在进行时。 (7) don't like 【解析】一般现在时否定，主语They用don't。 (8) are doing 【解析】now提示现在进行时，主语复数用are。 二、按要求改写句子： (1) doesn't like (2) Is; reading (3) How; do (4) What; doing 三、单项选择： 1. B 【解析】every day提示一般现在时，三单用goes。 2. C 【解析】Look!提示现在进行时，主语复数用are dancing。 3. B 【解析】every morning提示一般现在时，三单have变has。 4. C 【解析】Listen!提示现在进行时，主语someone看做三单。 5. B 【解析】often提示一般现在时，主语复数用play。 6. C 【解析】第三人称单数否定用doesn't。 Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错题： (1) go → goes（三单主语，动词加-es） (2) is have → is having（现在进行时结构be+V-ing） (3) play → playing（现在进行时，be后接现在分词） (4) like → likes（三单主语，动词加-s） (5) sleep → sleeping（现在进行时，sleep直接加-ing，不需要双写） 二、完形填空： (1) A 【解析】主语It，用is。 (2) C 【解析】太阳正在照耀，用现在进行时。 (3) B 【解析】主语复数用are。 (4) B 【解析】Tom正在放风筝，用现在进行时。 (5) A 【解析】Lily三单，用is sitting。 (6) C 【解析】正在读书，用现在进行时。 (7) B 【解析】主语复数，用are。 三、写作（参考范文）： My Sunday Morning On Sunday mornings, I usually get up at 8 o'clock. I have breakfast at 8:30. I often do my homework in the morning. Right now, I am sitting at my desk. I am writing this passage. My mother is reading a book in the living room. I like Sunday mornings because I can relax. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $