Unit 8 讲义 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义以“Once upon a Time”为主题，通过词汇分层梳理、语法表格对比、语篇语境应用构建知识体系。Key Words部分按“基础义-新义”双维度整理核心词汇，Grammar模块用对比表格呈现一般过去时特殊疑问句结构及与一般现在时的用法、时间状语、谓语动词差异，Reading部分结合《丑小鸭》语篇整合语言点与不规则动词积累，形成“词汇-语法-语篇”递进脉络。 讲义亮点在于“情境化分层练习”设计，如语法模块通过“对画线部分提问”（How much did Andy pay...）和时态对比选择题（Mr Green moved... enjoys...）强化语言能力，语篇填空结合故事引导学生在语境中运用不规则动词（have-had, swim-swam），培养思维品质。语言点提供“词转-搭配-翻译”三级练习（如decide→decision），助力不同层次学生掌握学法，既支持自主复习，也为教师精准教学提供抓手。

Unit 8 Once upon a Time Part one Key Words 1. promise v.__________ __________ n. __________ __________ 2. lie v. __________ n. __________ （新义）v. __________ 3. praise v./n.__________ 4. smile v. __________ n __________ __________ 5. someone pron. __________ __________（新义）n. __________ 6. set v. __________ __________ （新义）v.__________ __________ 7. rich adj. __________ __________ （新义）adj.__________ __________ Part Two Grammar 一般过去时 （2） 语法精讲 考向1 一般过去时的特殊疑问句 含系动词be的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词（组）+was/were+主语（+其他）？ 特殊疑问词（主语）+was/were+其他? 含实义动词的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词（组）+did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？ 特殊疑问词（主语）+动词过去式+其他？ —How was your weekend？你周末过得怎么样？ —It was great.非常棒。 —What did Lucy have for dinner？露西晚餐吃了什么？ —She had a sandwich.她吃了个三明治。 —Who gave you the schoolbag？谁给你的这个书包？ —My mother did.我妈妈给我的。 典例1 按要求完成句子，每空一词。 （2025重庆中考改编）Andy paid 30 yuan for his new book.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ __________Andy pay for his new book? 考向2 一般过去时和一般现在时的区别 一般过去时 一般现在时 用法不同 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I played badminton with my father last weekend.我上周末和爸爸一起打羽毛球了。 表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或现在的状态。 I often play badminton with my father. 我经常和爸爸一起打羽毛球。 时间状语不同 常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如last week、yesterday、two days ago、last month等。 The farmer lost his horse last week.这个农夫上个星期丢了马。 常与表示现在的时间状语连用，如now、everyday等。 We read English every morning我们每天早上读英语。 谓语动词不同 谓语动词使用过去式，没有人称和数的变化（was和were除外）。 The king waited for a few months and grew very angry. 国王等了几个月，变得非常生气。 Were they friendly to the ugly duckling？他们对丑小鸭友好吗？ 谓语动词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式（be动词用is）；其他人称作主语时，则用动词原形（be动词用am或are）。 My mother enjoys reading and I enjoy traveling.我妈妈喜欢阅读，而我喜欢旅行。 The story is very interesting. 这个故事非常有趣。 特别提醒 通常情况下，一般现在时与频度副词（如often、always等）连用，但一般过去时也可与频度副词连用，表示过去某个动作发生的频率。 He always played basketball with his classmates after school last term. 上学期放学后，他总是和同学们一起打篮球。 典例2（石家庄市第四十八中学期末）Mr Green__________to the countryside two years ago and now he__________his life here very much. A.moved;enjoys B.moved; enjoyed C.moves;enjoyed D. moves; enjoys Exercises 1， 用所给词的适当形式填空 1) My sister usually ________ (walk) to school, but she ________ (take) a bus yesterday because it rained. 2) Tom ________ (play) football every Saturday afternoon. He ________ (not play) it last Saturday because he was ill. 3) There ________ (be) a park near my home. We ________ (go) for a walk there last night. 4) My mother often ________ (cook) delicious food for us. She ________ (cook) noodles this morning. 5) He ________ (get) up at 7:00 every morning, but he ________ (get) up late yesterday. 6) They usually ________ (visit) their grandparents on weekends. They ________ (visit) them last Sunday. 7) Lucy ________ (like) reading storybooks. 8) We ________ (have) English classes every Monday and Wednesday. We ________ (have) a test last Monday. 9) My father ________ (watch) TV after dinner every day. He ________ (not watch) TV last night; he read a newspaper. 10) The students often ________ (listen) to music in their free time. They ________ (listen) to a new song in class yesterday. 二、按要求完成句子（每空一词） 11.（武汉市江汉区期末）Beck visited her grandma.（对画线部分提问） __________ did Becky__________? 12.Shenzhou-20 set out successfully on April 24，2025.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________Shenzhou-20 set out successfully? 13.（北京中考改编）—Lily，your new schoolbag is pretty.__________ did you __________it? —I bought it in a store near my home.（根据答语完成问句) Part Three Reading and language points The Ugly Duckling Once upon a time, there was a mother duck. She 1. （have) six little ducklings. Five of the ducklings were small and yellow, but the last duckling was big and grey. “He doesn't look like us! What an ugly duckling!”the other ducklings said. “That's not nice!”said Mother Duck. “He's still a duck like us!” At the river, 2. ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. But the other ducklings still laughed 3. him and told him to go away. It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided to search for a new home. He 4. (meet) many other birds, but all of them 5. (think) that he was ugly too. They did not want him to live with them. One day, the duckling met 6. cat and a hen. “May I stay with you?”he asked 7. (hope) . But the two 8. (animal) said no. They did not like him 9. he could not purr or lay eggs! Some days later, the ugly duckling came to a lake. There, he saw three beautiful swans with long necks and white feathers.“I wish I looked like you!” he cried.“My friend, you do look like us! Look in the water!”one of the 10. (swan) said. The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! Language points: 1. make sb +adj : 使某人，让某人怎样 拓展：make sb do sth 【练习】 一、用括号内形容词的适当形式填空 1）The good news makes her (excited). 2）Rainy days make him (feel) sad. 二、翻译： 1）这个有趣的故事让我们很开心。 2）努力锻炼让他变得强壮。 3）老师让我们按时完成作业。 2. decide v. 决定 【词转】decide → n. 【搭配】decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth: 决定做某事 【练习】 她决定学好英语。 3. hope v. 希望 近义词： 【词转】hope v. → adj. → adv.→ 反义词 【搭配】hope to do sth 【练习】 1) He (hope)to pass the exam. 2) There is no (hope)of finding the lost key. 3) They waited (hope) for the result. 4. lay 过去式：laid 1) 下（蛋）；产（卵） 例：The bird laid an egg. 2) 放置；搁置： 例：She laid the baby down on the bed. 3) 摆放（餐具）搭配：lay the table 摆放餐具 例：We help to lay the table before meals. 【练习】 写出lay 的意思 The hen laid three fresh eggs this morning. He laid his phone gently on the windowsill. Could you help me lay knives and spoons on the table ? 5. 短语积累： 嘲笑 : 搜索 令某人惊讶的是: 和某人待在一起： 6. 原文不规则动词积累： have 意思： 过去式： swim 意思： 过去式： meet 意思： 过去式： think 意思： 过去式： make 意思： 过去式： do 意思： 过去式： come 意思： 过去式： see 意思： 过去式： 原形 过去式 中文 原形 过去式 中文 awake fight be(am,is,are) find bear fly beat forget become freeze begin get bleed give blow go break grow bring hang(悬挂) build have burn hear buy hide catch hit choose hold come hurt cost keep cut know deal lay dig lead do learn draw leave dream lend drink let drive lie（躺） eat light fall lose feed make feel mean meet smell mistake speak pay speed put spell read spend ride spread ring stand rise steal run stick say sweep see swim sell take send teach set tell shake think shine throw shoot understand shut wake sing wear sit win sleep write 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $