Unit 12 Lesson 2 Function & Pronunciation（知识清单&检测）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材仁爱科普版）

该初中英语知识清单围绕“文学仙境”主题，系统梳理Lesson 2的核心内容。从12个重点单词（如handsome, energetic）、10个关键短语（如grow into, fight against）到11个功能句型（如询问最喜欢的文学角色），再延伸至重难点词汇详解、句型结构及语法知识点（形容词辨析、介词搭配等），搭建从基础语言要素到综合运用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-短语-句型-语法”逻辑递进，融入《西游记》《哈利波特》等文学案例，在语言学习中渗透文化意识。通过构词法解析（如friendship）、句型对比（如Which...like best与favorite转换）培养思维品质，助力学生提升语言能力，形成“语言要素-文化理解-思维发展”的学科特色学习路径。

Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 2 Function & Pronunciation 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 英俊的；有魅力的 bully /ˈbʊli/ v. 恐吓；胁迫 energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友情；友谊 hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄；主人公 novel /ˈnɒvl/ n. 小说 classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的；古典的 n. 经典著作 brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的 journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ n. 旅途；行程 helpful /ˈhelpfl/ adj. 乐于助人的；有帮助的 teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作 situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 处境；形势 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 grow into 成长为；长成 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 fight against 对抗；与…… 作斗争 along the journey 在旅途途中 make a great team 组建优秀团队；配合默契 go far 走远；走得长远 four great classics 四大名著 school bullying 校园欺凌 protect sb. all the way 一路保护某人 difficult situations 困境 1.Which character in literature do you like best? 你最喜欢文学作品里的哪个人物？ 2.Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel Journey to the West. 孙悟空是小说《西游记》中的一位英雄。 3.It is one of the four great classics of Chinese literature. 它是中国文学四大名著之一。 4.I'm most interested in Harry Potter. 我对哈利波特最感兴趣。 5.He fights against school bullying and grows into a strong man. 他反抗校园欺凌，成长为一个坚强的男子汉。 6.I like Sun Wukong because he is powerful and energetic. 我喜欢孙悟空，因为他本领高强、精力充沛。 7.He protects Tang Sanzang all the way to the west. 他一路护送唐僧西行。 8.Harry's friends join him in fighting against bad people. 哈利的朋友们和他并肩对抗坏人。 9.Zhu Bajie and Sha Wujing also help a lot along the journey. 猪八戒和沙僧在西行路上也帮了很多忙。 10.They make a great team in many difficult situations. 在诸多困境中，他们组成了默契十足的团队。 11.One can't go far without friendship and teamwork. 没有友谊和团队协作，人无法行稳致远。 一、重难点词汇详解 1. energetic 形容词，意为精力充沛的，在句中可作表语、定语。 词根 energy n. 精力，能量； 常用搭配：be energetic in doing sth. 积极做某事。 2. bully 动词，bully sb. 欺负、胁迫某人；名词含义为 “霸凌者”； 固定短语 school bullying 校园欺凌。 3. friendship 抽象不可数名词，由 friend + 后缀 - ship 构成，同类后缀变形：relationship 关系，leadership 领导。 4. hero 可数名词，复数形式 heroes；以 o 结尾的有生命名词复数加 - es，同类型：potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes。 5.interested / interesting interested：修饰人，be interested in sth./doing sth. 对…… 感兴趣； interesting：修饰事物，表 “令人有趣的”。 二、重点句型结构解析 1. Which... do you like best? 用于多者之间询问最喜欢的人 / 事物，同义句型：What's your favorite...? 2. one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 作主语时谓语动词用单数；翻译为 “最…… 之一”。 3. because 引导原因状语从句 完整解释喜好、选择的理由，从句可置于主句后，也可前置。 4. join sb. in doing sth. 固定结构：和某人一起参与做某事；in 后接动名词，不可用动词原形。 5. without 介词结构 without + 名词 / 动名词，表 “没有……”，构成条件限定，可改写为 if 条件状语从句。 三、语法知识点解析 1. 形容词修饰人物性格外貌辨析 handsome：男性英俊； brave：勇敢的，描述人物品格； energetic：精力旺盛的，描述精神状态； helpful：乐于助人的，侧重人物品行。 2. 介词 in 固定搭配汇总 be interested in + n./doing sth. 对…… 感兴趣 join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事 3. 宾语从句复习 本课时对话可改写 that 引导宾语从句： 原句：He is powerful and energetic. 复合句：Kangkang says (that) Sun Wukong is powerful and energetic. 主句为一般现在时，从句时态随实际语境变化；主句过去时，从句统一使用对应过去时态。 4. 构词法：名词后缀 - ship 表抽象关系、身份、状态： friend（朋友）→ friendship（友谊） member（成员）→ membership（会员身份） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 2 Function & Pronunciation 一、短语汉译英 1.成长为；长成 2.对…… 感兴趣 3.与……作斗争；对抗 4.沿途；一路上 5.配合默契 6.走得远；取得大成就 二、根据句意或提示补全单词 1.We should never __________ /ˈbʊli/ others at school. 2.True __________ (friend) is important in our daily life. 3.The main c__________ in the novel is a brave and honest boy. 4.The prince in the fairy tale is __________ /ˈhænsəm/and kind. 5.My deskmate is always __________ (help) to me with my study. 6.The four great Chinese c__________ are famous all over the world. 7.Sun Wukong is __________ (energy) and never feels tired. 8.There are many great __________(hero) in this classic novel. 9.We read an __________ (amaze) story in the literature class. 10.We can learn a lot from traditional Chinese __________ (literary). 三、按要求完成句子 1.这个男孩最终成长为了一名勇敢的英雄。 The boy finally ________ ________ a brave hero. 2.我们应该勇敢地对抗学习和生活中的困难。 We should ________ ________ difficulties bravely in study and life. 3.我的弟弟对中国古典文学作品非常感兴趣。 My brother ________ ________ ________ classical Chinese literary works. 4.Sun Wukong and Harry Potter are both amazing heroes in novels. ________ Sun Wukong ________ Harry Potter are amazing heroes in novels. 5.连词成句：they, a, great, make, team __________________________________________. 四、补全对话 阅读下面对话，在每个空白处填入一个恰当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。 A: Hi, Wang Tao. Do you have a favorite literary character? B: Yes, I do. 1. __________________________. A: Wow, Journey to the West is also my favorite classic novel. 2. _____________________? B: Because he is brave, energetic, and always protects his master along the journey. A: I totally agree. 3. __________________________? B: I also like Harry Potter. He grows into a strong and responsible man in the story. A: That's true. 4. __________________________? B: I learn that we can't go far without friendship and teamwork from the story. A: Exactly! 5. __________________________about literary characters after class?? B: Good idea! Let's share more interesting stories about literary characters after class. 五、完形填空 Nowadays, more and more cartoons are about traditional Chinese stories, and with the help of these ____1____, children around the world can know more about Chinese culture. The story of Kong Rong is one of them. One day, the family were going to ____2____ some pears. Kong Rong’s father let him ____3____ some pears for his brothers. He first chose the smallest one ____4____ himself, and then he gave the rest of the pears to his brothers. Some people thought Kong Rong was not so ____5____. Many people wanted to choose the biggest one, but he didn’t. His father was happy about this. He laughed and asked, “Why did you take the ____6____ one?” Kong Rong answered, “I am young, ____7____ I take the smallest one. The biggest ones should be given to my elder brothers. “Someone asked,” Why not ____8____ the smallest one to your younger brother? “ Kong Rong’s words made his father and other people ____9____. He said, “ I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one to him. “ They never thought Kong Rong would say that. We can learn a lesson from Kong Rong’s story. We should learn to think of others, and we expect more people to ____10____ from Kong Rong. ( )1. A. magazines B. cartoons C. notices D. articles ( )2. A. buy B. plant C. enjoy D. sell ( )3. A. count B. eat C. choose D. cut ( )4. A. for B. to C. with D. by ( )5. A. happy B. stupid C. shy D. smart ( )6. A. smallest B. biggest C. sourest D. sweetest ( )7. A. because B. so C. but D. or ( )8. A. give B. giving C. gave D. to give ( )9. A. sad B. surprised C. excited D. scared ( )10. A. hear B. borrow C. learn D. come 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 2 Function & Pronunciation 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 英俊的；有魅力的 /ˈbʊli/ v. 恐吓；胁迫 /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友情；友谊 /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄；主人公 /ˈnɒvl/ n. 小说 /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的；古典的 n. 经典著作 /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的 /ˈdʒɜːni/ n. 旅途；行程 /ˈhelpfl/ adj. 乐于助人的；有帮助的 /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作 /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 处境；形势 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 成长为；长成 对…… 感兴趣 对抗；与…… 作斗争 在旅途途中 组建优秀团队；配合默契 走远；走得长远 四大名著 校园欺凌 一路保护某人 困境 1.Which character in literature do you like best? 你最喜欢文学作品里的哪个人物？ 2.Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel Journey to the West. 孙悟空是小说《西游记》中的一位英雄。 3.It is one of the four great classics of Chinese literature. 它是中国文学四大名著之一。 4.I'm most interested in Harry Potter. 我对哈利波特最感兴趣。 5.He fights against school bullying and grows into a strong man. 他反抗校园欺凌，成长为一个坚强的男子汉。 6.I like Sun Wukong because he is powerful and energetic. 我喜欢孙悟空，因为他本领高强、精力充沛。 7.He protects Tang Sanzang all the way to the west. 他一路护送唐僧西行。 8.Harry's friends join him in fighting against bad people. 哈利的朋友们和他并肩对抗坏人。 9.Zhu Bajie and Sha Wujing also help a lot along the journey. 猪八戒和沙僧在西行路上也帮了很多忙。 10.They make a great team in many difficult situations. 在诸多困境中，他们组成了默契十足的团队。 11.One can't go far without friendship and teamwork. 没有友谊和团队协作，人无法行稳致远。 一、重难点词汇详解 1. energetic 形容词，意为精力充沛的，在句中可作表语、定语。 词根 energy n. 精力，能量； 常用搭配：be energetic in doing sth. 积极做某事。 2. bully 动词，bully sb. 欺负、胁迫某人；名词含义为 “霸凌者”； 固定短语 school bullying 校园欺凌。 3. friendship 抽象不可数名词，由 friend + 后缀 - ship 构成，同类后缀变形：relationship 关系，leadership 领导。 4. hero 可数名词，复数形式 heroes；以 o 结尾的有生命名词复数加 - es，同类型：potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes。 5.interested / interesting interested：修饰人，be interested in sth./doing sth. 对…… 感兴趣； interesting：修饰事物，表 “令人有趣的”。 二、重点句型结构解析 1. Which... do you like best? 用于多者之间询问最喜欢的人 / 事物，同义句型：What's your favorite...? 2. one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 作主语时谓语动词用单数；翻译为 “最…… 之一”。 3. because 引导原因状语从句 完整解释喜好、选择的理由，从句可置于主句后，也可前置。 4. join sb. in doing sth. 固定结构：和某人一起参与做某事；in 后接动名词，不可用动词原形。 5. without 介词结构 without + 名词 / 动名词，表 “没有……”，构成条件限定，可改写为 if 条件状语从句。 三、语法知识点解析 1. 形容词修饰人物性格外貌辨析 handsome：男性英俊； brave：勇敢的，描述人物品格； energetic：精力旺盛的，描述精神状态； helpful：乐于助人的，侧重人物品行。 2. 介词 in 固定搭配汇总 be interested in + n./doing sth. 对…… 感兴趣 join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事 3. 宾语从句复习 本课时对话可改写 that 引导宾语从句： 原句：He is powerful and energetic. 复合句：Kangkang says (that) Sun Wukong is powerful and energetic. 主句为一般现在时，从句时态随实际语境变化；主句过去时，从句统一使用对应过去时态。 4. 构词法：名词后缀 - ship 表抽象关系、身份、状态： friend（朋友）→ friendship（友谊） member（成员）→ membership（会员身份） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 2 Function & Pronunciation 一、短语汉译英 1.grow into 2.be interested in 3.fight against 4.along the journey 5.make a great team 6.go far 二、根据句意或提示补全单词 1.bully 2.friendship 3.character 4.handsome 5.helpful 6.classics 7.energetic 8.heroes 9.amazing 10.literature 三、按要求完成句子 1.grew into 2.fight against 3.is interested in 4.Both; and 5.They make a great team. 四、补全对话（参考答案，符合语境即可） 1.My favorite character is Sun Wukong 2.Why do you like him best 3.What other literary character do you like 4.What can you learn from the story 5.Why not share more interesting stories 五、完形填空 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $