暑假作业07 形容词、副词的比较级（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 系统构建形容词、副词比较级“概念-形式-应用”全链条训练，融合规则提炼与易错辨析，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |方法总结|6大模块|规则变化5类+不规则6组，4大核心句型，修饰词8个+易错点3组|从基础认知（两者对比）到词形变化，再到句型应用与指代逻辑，层层递进| |基础应用|单选20+完成句子10|比较级与than搭配、“the+比较级，the+比较级”等句型实操|通过典型题例强化句型结构与比较对象一致性原则| |综合拓展|完形+语法选择+阅读|语境中比较级的灵活运用|从单句到语篇，提升比较级在真实情境中的理解与表达能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业07 形容词、副词的比较级 形容词、副词比较级完整详细用法 一、基础认知 比较级用于两者人 / 事物对比，译为 “更……”。 二、比较级词形变化 （一）规则变化 1.一般单词：直接加 -er · tall → taller fast → faster 2.以 e 结尾：只加 -r · nice → nicer late → later 3.重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾）：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er · big → bigger thin → thinner hot → hotter 4.辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -er · happy → happier heavy → heavier easy → easier 5.多音节词 / 部分双音节词：前面加 more · beautiful → more beautiful · carefully → more carefully · interesting → more interesting （二）不规则变化（必背，无规律） good / well → better bad / badly → worse many / much → more little → less far → farther / further old → older / elder 三、核心句型 句型 1：A + 比较级 + than + B 含义：A 比 B 更…… · 形容词：He is taller than me. 他比我高。 · 副词：She runs faster than him. 她跑得比他快。 【注意】 than 前后比较对象要一致 ✅ My bag is bigger than yours.（包和包比） ❌ My bag is bigger than you. 人称代词：than 后可用宾格 / 主格 He is taller than me / I. 句型 2：比较级 + and + 比较级 含义：越来越…… 1. 单音节词：比较级 + and + 比较级 taller and taller 越来越高 faster and faster 越来越快 2. 多音节词：more and more + 原级 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more carefully 越来越认真 句型 3：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 含义：越……，就越…… · The more, the better. 越多越好。 · The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就越好。 句型 4：比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 含义：（同一范围）比其他任何一个都……（表最高级含义） · He is taller than any other student in his class. · 他在班里比其他任何学生都高。 四、修饰比较级的常用词（重点） 只能修饰比较级，不能修饰原级：much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit · much taller 高得多 · a little colder 冷一点 · even faster 甚至更快 ❌ 错误：very taller /quite faster （very/quite/too 只能修饰原级） 五、常见易错点 & 辨析 older / elder older：年龄更大，可用于人 / 物，通用 Tom is older than Jim. elder：仅用于家人，表 “年长的”，只修饰名词 my elder sister 我的姐姐 farther / further farther：侧重距离更远 further：侧重程度、更进一步 further study 深造 比较级不加 the（除固定句型外） 普通句：He is taller than me.（无 the） 固定句型：the taller, the shorter（必须加 the） 双重比较级错误 ❌ more taller ✅ taller 六、that those one在比较级中的用法 比较句中为避免名词重复，用代词指代前文出现的名词，保证比较对象一致。 one / ones：指代可数名词 that / those：正式用法，常用来对比同类不同物，书面、考试高频 二、逐个讲解用法 1. one指代单数可数名词，泛指同类中的一个，代替前文单数可数名词。 句型（比较级）A + 比较级 + than + one 例： This pen is better than one on the desk. 这支笔比桌上那支（笔）更好。 2. ones是 one 的复数形式，指代复数可数名词，泛指同类中的多个。 句型（比较级）A + 比较级 + than + ones 例：These shoes are cheaper than the ones over there. 这双鞋比那边的（鞋子）更便宜。 【注意】 ones 前面常加 the /these/those / 形容词，不能单独裸用。 3. that指代单数可数名词 / 不可数名词； 特指前面提到的同一类事物，多用于正式书面语、对比句式； 常搭配后置定语（介词短语、定语从句）。 句型 & 例句 ① 指代单数可数名词 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州的（天气）冷。 ② 指代不可数名词（weather, water, time, food 等） The water in this cup is cleaner than that in that cup. 这个杯子里的水比那个杯子里的水干净。 4. those是 that 的复数形式，只指代复数可数名词； 特指前文的复数名词，多用于两地 / 两类事物对比，考试重中之重。 例： The trees in our school are taller than those in your school. 我们学校的树比你们学校的（树）更高。 一、单项选择 1．To save money, we have to ask ________ people to do ________ things. A．less; more B．fewer; more C．more; fewer D．more; less 2．When Ollie chooses an online course, she thinks learning English with an interesting subject will make her learn ________. A．worse B．better C．slower D．harder 3．My sister likes geography. She thinks it is much ________ than any other subject. A．useful B．more useful C．less useful D．the most useful 4．This view is more beautiful ________ I expected. A．then B．than C．that D．though 5．________ people are realizing the importance of protecting the environment now. A．More and more B．Less and less C．Fewer and fewer D．Many and many 6．My computer is ________ cheaper than ________. A．more; Jack B．much; Jack C．more; Jack’s D．much; Jack’s 7．The ________ you practice, the ________ you will be. A．hard; good B．harder; better C．hardest; best D．hard; better 8．________ you listen in class, ________ you will learn. A．The more careful; the much B．The more carefully; the more C．The more carefully; the much D．The more careful; the more 9．Allen spent ________ time ________ his homework but did ________ than Tony. A．little; doing; badly B．less; to do; well C．little; to do; worse D．less; doing; better 10．—Does your brother get up as ________ as you? —No, he doesn’t. He gets up ________ than me. A．early; earlier B．early; more early C．earlier; early D．earlier; earlier 11．The higher you stand, ________ you’ll see. A．farther B．the father C．the farthest D．the farther 12．Maria is a patient girl. She does everything ________ than others. A．more careful B．more carefully C．most careful D．the most carefully 13．The robot Flash ran ________ than human runners in the 2026 Beijing half-marathon, making AI technology so amazing. A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 14．China’s new high-speed train can run ________ than the old ones. A．much fast B．more faster C．much faster D．more fast 15．Tom writes ________ than the other students in his class. A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully 16．The trip to the mountain is ________ than I expected. A．wonderful B．more wonderful C．most wonderful D．the most wonderful 17．To many Chinese, preparing the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival is even ________ than the dinner itself. A．important B．more important C．as important as D．the most important 18．He is taller than ________. He’s the tallest in class. A．other student B．any student C．any other student D．any other students 19．I don’t like this book. It’s ________ than that one. A．boring B．more boring C．the most boring D．bored 20．—Don’t give up, Andy. ________ you work, ________ grades you will get. —Thanks a lot, Mr. Cook. I’ll give it a try. A．The hardest; the best B．The harder; the better C．The harder; the best D．The hardest; the better 二、完成句子 1．如果大多数人走路上班或上学，污染将会更少。 There will be ________ if most people walk to work or school. 2．礼貌能帮助人们建立更亲密的关系。 Good manners help people ________ ________ ________. 3．这条河比那条更长。   This river is ________ ________ that one. 4．这次乘船旅行比我以前的任何一次都更有趣。 This boat ride is ________ ________ ________ any other one I had before. 5．一方面，生命在于运动。我们运动越多，身体就越健康。 For one hand, life lies in movement. The more we exercise, __________ __________ we will be. 6．人工智能研究的数据越多，它就能把任务完成得越好。 The more data AI studies, _________ _________ it can do its job. 7．In my heart, it’s ________ than ________ ________ ________. 在我心中，这里比其他任何地方都好。 8．中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 China is ________ ________ ________ ________ in Africa. 9．她是这两个女孩中更细心的那个。 She is ________ ________ ________ ________ the two girls. 10．哪一个女孩唱歌唱得更好，海伦还是莉莉？ ____________ girl sings ____________, Helen or Lily? 一、完形填空 Wild nature is home to millions of animals and plants. However, it is facing great danger now. Human activities are 1 many wild places and making it hard for wildlife to live. Forests are being cut down for farms or buildings. This 2 the living areas of animals. Many animals lose their homes and have no 3 to find food. Some even die out 4 . Water pollution is another big problem. Factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes, 5 fish and other water animals. Besides, too much hunting is 6 for wildlife. Some people kill rare animals for money or fun. This breaks the balance of 7 . If one kind of animal disappears, it will 8 other animals in the food chain. Luckily, more people are 9 the importance of protecting wild nature. Governments have built many 10 reserves to keep wildlife safe. Volunteers plant trees and clean up 11 in wild areas. We can also help by 12 using plastic bags, saving water and not buying products made from wild animals. Protecting wild nature is not just for animals. It is also for 13 . A healthy nature gives us clean air, fresh water and beautiful scenery. If we do not act now, our planet will become 14 and less lively. Let’s work together to 15 our wild nature and make it a better home for all living things. 1．A．protecting B．damaging C．developing D．discovering 2．A．reduces B．increases C．creates D．improves 3．A．time B．chance C．money D．energy 4．A．easily B．quietly C．slowly D．suddenly 5．A．helping B．feeding C．killing D．attracting 6．A．dangerous B．necessary C．natural D．strange 7．A．society B．nature C．industry D．culture 8．A．affect B．save C．protect D．encourage 9．A．forgetting B．realizing C．doubting D．ignoring 10．A．animal B．plant C．water D．forest 11．A．trees B．rubbish C．animals D．water 12．A．stopping B．keeping C．continuing D．starting 13．A．itself B．humans C．plants D．future 14．A．cleaner B．greener C．dirtier D．safer 15．A．leave B．change C．destroy D．save 二、语法选择 The students are having their chemistry class. Miss Li 1 the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions. 2 them is, “Boys and girls! What is water? 3 you tell me?” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t 4 answer my question? I have told you what water is like, right? ” Then a boy puts up his hand and 5 , “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell. But I think water 6 something that is black when I wash my hands in it.” All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs, too. Then 7 boy puts up his hand. Miss Li asks, “What do you think, Wang Bing?” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell?” “Why do you say so?” Miss Li asks. “ 1 water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right. “I am sorry 2 that, children,” says the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier. That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it 3 again.” 1．A．tell B．tells C．to tell D．is telling 2．A．One of B．Some of C．Many of D．None of 3．A．Can B．Do C．Have D．Does 4．A．you B．your C．yours D．/ 5．A．say B．says C．saying D．to say 6．A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．A．another B．the other C．others D．the others 8．A．/ B．A C．An D．The 9．A．hear B．to hear C．hears D．hearing 10．A．cleaner B．clean C．to clean D．cleaning 三、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。 blue difference part and thing clean little visitor out    year   red Taihu Lake is a famous place of interest. If 1 look at Taihu Lake, they will see clean water. Boats run under the white clouds and the 2 sky. However, 15 years ago, the lake looked very 3 . The lake is a 4 of the Yangtze River water system and covers more than 2,000 square kilometers. About 17,000,000 people get water from it now, but the water was not so clean before. Since 2007, our country has done many 5 to clean the water of the lake. So far workers have taken lots of algae (藻) 6 of the lake. The water of Taihu Lake is much 7 than before. After more than ten 8 hard work, our country has thought of a scientific (科学的) way to treat the algae. Now few algae grow in the lake. There are 23 kinds of water birds 9 more than 50 kinds of plants in Taihu Lake. Our country will try other ways to protect the lake and make the pollution 10 . Taihu Lake will be greater in the future. 四、阅读理解 A At just 15 years old, Brazilian scientist Anna Luísa Beserra Santos invented (发明) Aqualuz—a simple device that uses sunlight to purify (净化) rainwater. Growing up in Brazil, she noticed that many families in the countryside had no safe drinking water and lived a hard life. “I realized that if I could create something easy to use, local people could solve their water problems by themselves,” she said. The Aqualuz system works in a clear way. First, rainwater is collected and stored (储存) in a large tank. Next, the water flows into a special transparent (透明的) box. The UV light from the sun kills harmful germs (细菌) in the water within 4 to 6 hours. Finally, a special sticker on the box changes its color to show the water is clean enough to drink. Different from common water filters (过滤器) that need electricity or chemicals to work, Aqualuz depends only on solar (太阳的) energy. It is very cheap to run—only about 2 cents for 10 liters of clean water. What’s more, the device can be used for as long as 20 years, bringing long‑term help to poor communities. Until now, more than 10,000 people in the countryside of Brazil have used Aqualuz. The number reached 40,000 in 2024. Anna also trains local people to set up and take care of the systems. Her great invention tells us that young people with creative ideas can make a big difference to the world. 1．Where is Anna Luísa Beserra Santos from? A．America. B．Japan. C．Brazil. D．India. 2．How do users know the water is safe to drink? A．A light turns on. B．A sticker changes color. C．The water becomes clear. D．A sound is heard. 3．The right order of making clean water with Aqualuz is ______. ① The sunlight kills harmful germs.                    ② Rainwater is stored in a tank. ③ The sticker changes its color.                     ④ Water goes into a transparent box. A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．①→②→④→③ 4．Aqualuz can work for 20 years. That means it is ______. A．difficult to repair B．in need of daily care C．strong and long-lasting D．easily broken 5．Where may the passage come from? A．A storybook. B．A science magazine. C．A travel guide. D．A food menu. B Ben and his friend Bob like to go boating on the river near their city. They each have their own boats. Ben’s boat is light yellow and Bob’s boat is black. On a sunny and cool Sunday, they go boating on the river with their family. Ben and Bob bring fishing poles (钓鱼竿) with them, so they can fish on the boat. They have a wonderful time on their boats. They also bring lunch. At lunchtime, they stop their boats near the riverbank and enjoy their lunch on the bank. After lunch, the parents talk about the interesting things about their work. They laugh from time to time. But later, the children see many plastic bags and bottles in the river. The river looks like a big rubbish bin. That worries them very much. They decide to do something for the river. They start to clean up the rubbish in the river in the afternoon. After the children clean up the rubbish, they learn that protecting the river isn’t just a one-time thing. They plan to tell more people about the importance of keeping the river clean. They think if everyone makes a small effort, the river will become clean and beautiful again. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do Ben and Bob bring for their boating trip? A．Toys. B．Kites. C．Books. D．Fishing poles. 2．Where do Ben and Bob have lunch? A．At home. B．On the river bank. C．On the river. D．In a restaurant by the river. 3．What do the children do in the afternoon? A． B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “effort” mean in Chinese? A．努力 B．智慧 C．金钱 D．机会 5．What can we learn from the text? A．We should go boating with our family every Sunday. B．Boats of different colours can help get more fish. C．Playing games is the best way to spend a sunny day. D．Everyone should do something to protect the river. C Du Yun was in the bathroom. The tap was on. When she brushed her teeth, she thought about going swimming with her friends and… “Turn that tap off,” said an angry voice (声音) suddenly. “You’re wasting water.” Du Yun turned the tap off and looked around, but there was no one there. “Who are you?” “I’m Dripple, and I’m a drop of water. Do you know where I come from?” “From the tap?” asked Du Yun. “Well, yes, but a few days ago, I was in a cloud,” said Dripple. “Then the wind pushed the cloud up a mountain. When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. I became one of the raindrops.” “How did you come into my house then, Dripple?” “I fell into a river and finally ended up in a reservoir (水库). Then I went to a special place. There, people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.” “They cleaned you? Why?” Du Yun asked. “Because I was dirty. Then I travelled through the pipes (管) under the streets and now I’m here,” Dripple explained. “So is this the end of your journey (旅程)?” Du Yun asked. “No. People will clean me one more time. Then I’ll go into a river, and after that, I’ll return to the sea again.” “Again?” “Yes. My journey back to the clouds starts there. Remember not to waste or pollute me. I’m invaluable. I can help a lot.” “I’m sorry, Dripple!” Then, Du Yun came out of the bathroom and ran to her study. She wanted to write her diary (日记) about this at once. 1．Who is Dripple in the story? A．The girl. B．The tap. C．The cloud. D．The water drop. 2．Which can show the underlined sentence “When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. I became one of the raindrops.”? A．A B．B C．C D．D 3．According to Dripple, what was the last place the water went through before coming into Du Yun’s house? A．A cloud. B．A reservoir. C．A river. D．The pipes under the streets. 4．What does the underlined word “invaluable” mean in English? A．useful B．cheap C．special D．different 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of this story? A．To ask people not to waste water. B．To show what Du Yun did one day. C．To tell an interesting story about a water drop. D．To tell us how water travels from clouds to homes. The Arctic is home to over 21, 000 kinds of animals and plants. Two thirds of it is the Arctic Ocean. In winter, it is completely covered with sea ice. In summer, nearly 50 percent of these is ice. It’s also home to about 4 million people, a group of whom are Inuit. Jim is an Inuit boy. At 6:30 am, he wakes up and gets ready to go to school in his fur coat. It keeps him warm in the freezing weather. Half an hour later, he gets to school on a ski or snowmobile. Some of his friends go by car instead. At 11 :30 am, it’s time for lunch. There’s fish and other meat in his lunchbox. He sometimes eats them uncooked. These foods give him enough energy. Besides local food, some people eat Western food. At 5:00 pm, the snow outside makes everything bright, so he wears snow goggles on his way back home, or his eyes may be hurt badly by the strong light. From December to March, the sun never rises. However, it always shines in the sky during the summer. At 10:00 pm, he goes to bed. Sometimes he stays in an ice house called igloo. It looks cold but it’s warm inside. Many local people live in houses made of wood. The Inuit mainly make a living by hunting and fishing. Now, their life is greatly influenced by climate（气候）change. For example, many animals they hunt for food are disappearing. There is less food for the reindeer they keep, too. They face more terrible weather, such as snowstorms. Hunting becomes more dangerous. Hunters may accidentally fall into water if the ice becomes too thin. Actually, the temperature in the Arctic is 18℃ higher than it was 125 years ago. All Arctic ice may disappear during the summer in less than 100 years. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业07 形容词、副词的比较级 形容词、副词比较级完整详细用法 一、基础认知 比较级用于两者人 / 事物对比，译为 “更……”。 二、比较级词形变化 （一）规则变化 1.一般单词：直接加 -er · tall → taller fast → faster 2.以 e 结尾：只加 -r · nice → nicer late → later 3.重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾）：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er · big → bigger thin → thinner hot → hotter 4.辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -er · happy → happier heavy → heavier easy → easier 5.多音节词 / 部分双音节词：前面加 more · beautiful → more beautiful · carefully → more carefully · interesting → more interesting （二）不规则变化（必背，无规律） good / well → better bad / badly → worse many / much → more little → less far → farther / further old → older / elder 三、核心句型 句型 1：A + 比较级 + than + B 含义：A 比 B 更…… · 形容词：He is taller than me. 他比我高。 · 副词：She runs faster than him. 她跑得比他快。 【注意】 than 前后比较对象要一致 ✅ My bag is bigger than yours.（包和包比） ❌ My bag is bigger than you. 人称代词：than 后可用宾格 / 主格 He is taller than me / I. 句型 2：比较级 + and + 比较级 含义：越来越…… 1. 单音节词：比较级 + and + 比较级 taller and taller 越来越高 faster and faster 越来越快 2. 多音节词：more and more + 原级 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more carefully 越来越认真 句型 3：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 含义：越……，就越…… · The more, the better. 越多越好。 · The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就越好。 句型 4：比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 含义：（同一范围）比其他任何一个都……（表最高级含义） · He is taller than any other student in his class. · 他在班里比其他任何学生都高。 四、修饰比较级的常用词（重点） 只能修饰比较级，不能修饰原级：much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit · much taller 高得多 · a little colder 冷一点 · even faster 甚至更快 ❌ 错误：very taller /quite faster （very/quite/too 只能修饰原级） 五、常见易错点 & 辨析 older / elder older：年龄更大，可用于人 / 物，通用 Tom is older than Jim. elder：仅用于家人，表 “年长的”，只修饰名词 my elder sister 我的姐姐 farther / further farther：侧重距离更远 further：侧重程度、更进一步 further study 深造 比较级不加 the（除固定句型外） 普通句：He is taller than me.（无 the） 固定句型：the taller, the shorter（必须加 the） 双重比较级错误 ❌ more taller ✅ taller 六、that those one在比较级中的用法 比较句中为避免名词重复，用代词指代前文出现的名词，保证比较对象一致。 one / ones：指代可数名词 that / those：正式用法，常用来对比同类不同物，书面、考试高频 二、逐个讲解用法 1. one指代单数可数名词，泛指同类中的一个，代替前文单数可数名词。 句型（比较级）A + 比较级 + than + one 例： This pen is better than one on the desk. 这支笔比桌上那支（笔）更好。 2. ones是 one 的复数形式，指代复数可数名词，泛指同类中的多个。 句型（比较级）A + 比较级 + than + ones 例：These shoes are cheaper than the ones over there. 这双鞋比那边的（鞋子）更便宜。 【注意】 ones 前面常加 the /these/those / 形容词，不能单独裸用。 3. that指代单数可数名词 / 不可数名词； 特指前面提到的同一类事物，多用于正式书面语、对比句式； 常搭配后置定语（介词短语、定语从句）。 句型 & 例句 ① 指代单数可数名词 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州的（天气）冷。 ② 指代不可数名词（weather, water, time, food 等） The water in this cup is cleaner than that in that cup. 这个杯子里的水比那个杯子里的水干净。 4. those是 that 的复数形式，只指代复数可数名词； 特指前文的复数名词，多用于两地 / 两类事物对比，考试重中之重。 例： The trees in our school are taller than those in your school. 我们学校的树比你们学校的（树）更高。 一、单项选择 1．To save money, we have to ask ________ people to do ________ things. A．less; more B．fewer; more C．more; fewer D．more; less 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了省钱，我们不得不让更少的人做更多的事情。 less修饰不可数名词；fewer修饰可数名词复数；more意为“更多的”。people是可数名词复数，第一空需用fewer修饰；根据语境“To save money”可知，为了省钱应提高效率，即“更少的人做更多的事”，things是可数名词复数，第二空需用more。应填fewer；more。 2．When Ollie chooses an online course, she thinks learning English with an interesting subject will make her learn ________. A．worse B．better C．slower D．harder 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当Ollie选择在线课程时，她认为结合有趣学科学习英语会让她学得更好。 worse更差；better更好；slower更慢；harder更努力/更难。根据“learning English with an interesting subject”可知，感兴趣的内容有助于提高学习效果，使学习状态更佳，应填better。 3．My sister likes geography. She thinks it is much ________ than any other subject. A．useful B．more useful C．less useful D．the most useful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妹妹喜欢地理。她认为它比任何其他科目都更有用得多。 useful有用的；more useful更有用的；less useful较无用的；the most useful最有用的。根据句中的“much”和“than”可知，此处应用比较级；又根据前句“My sister likes geography.”可知，她喜欢地理，认为是正面评价，应是更有用的，“more useful”符合语境。 4．This view is more beautiful ________ I expected. A．then B．than C．that D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这景色比我预期的还要美。 then那时、然后；than比；that那；though虽然。根据“more beautiful”可知，是形容词比较级，比较级后常接than引出比较对象。应填than。 5．________ people are realizing the importance of protecting the environment now. A．More and more B．Less and less C．Fewer and fewer D．Many and many 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人正意识到保护环境的重要性。   More and more越来越多；Less and less越来越少（常修饰不可数名词）；Fewer and fewer越来越少（修饰可数名词复数）；Many and many不符合固定搭配。根据语境可知，现在越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性，且people为可数名词复数。故“More and more”符合语境。 6．My computer is ________ cheaper than ________. A．more; Jack B．much; Jack C．more; Jack’s D．much; Jack’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的电脑比杰克的便宜得多。 cheaper是比较级，需用much修饰表示程度，more不能修饰比较级；第二空表示“杰克的电脑”，应用名词所有格Jack’s。应填much；Jack’s。 7．The ________ you practice, the ________ you will be. A．hard; good B．harder; better C．hardest; best D．hard; better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你练习得越努力，你就会变得越好。 hard努力（原级）；good好的（原级）；harder更努力（比较级）；better更好（比较级）；hardest最努力（最高级）；best最好（最高级）。“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”；hard比较级为harder，good比较级为better。 8．________ you listen in class, ________ you will learn. A．The more careful; the much B．The more carefully; the more C．The more carefully; the much D．The more careful; the more 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你在课堂上听得越仔细，你学到的就越多。 句子是固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”，careful仔细的，是形容词；carefully仔细地，是副词；much许多，是原级；more是much的比较级，第一空，修饰动词listen“听”，用副词，用副词carefully的比较级more carefully；排除选项A和D；第二空，应用much的比较级more，排除选项C。 9．Allen spent ________ time ________ his homework but did ________ than Tony. A．little; doing; badly B．less; to do; well C．little; to do; worse D．less; doing; better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：艾伦花费更少的时间做他的家庭作业，但做得比托尼更好。 根据句末than Tony可知句子含有比较意味，第一空修饰不可数名词time，应用little的比较级less“更少的”；固定搭配spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，第二空填doing；第三空修饰动词did且后有than，需用副词well的比较级better。故选D。 10．—Does your brother get up as ________ as you? —No, he doesn’t. He gets up ________ than me. A．early; earlier B．early; more early C．earlier; early D．earlier; earlier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥起床和你一样早吗？——不，他起得比我更早。 early早；earlier更早。as...as中间用形容词或副词原级，第一空填early；than是比较级标志，第二空填earlier， 11．The higher you stand, ________ you’ll see. A．farther B．the father C．the farthest D．the farther 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你站得越高，看得就越远。 farther更远（副词/形容词比较级）；the father父亲（名词）；the farthest最远（副词/形容词最高级）；the farther更远（“the+比较级”结构）。根据前半句的“The higher”可知，此处是固定句式“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，就越……”，其后半句也应用“the+比较级”的形式。far的比较级为farther，其前需加定冠词the构成“the farther”结构。应填the farther。 12．Maria is a patient girl. She does everything ________ than others. A．more careful B．more carefully C．most careful D．the most carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：玛丽亚是个有耐心的女孩。她做每件事都比别人更仔细。 more careful更仔细的 (形容词比较级，修饰名词)；more carefully更仔细地 (副词比较级，修饰动词)；most careful最仔细的 (形容词最高级)；the most carefully最仔细地 (副词最高级)。空格处修饰动词“does”，应用副词，且根据“than others”可知是比较级，应填more carefully。 13．The robot Flash ran ________ than human runners in the 2026 Beijing half-marathon, making AI technology so amazing. A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：机器人Flash在2026年北京半程马拉松比赛中跑得比人类选手更快，使得人工智能技术令人如此惊叹。 句中ran为实义动词，需要副词修饰，排除AB两项，根据句中的than可知，此处要用比较级，副词quickly的比较级为more quickly。 14．China’s new high-speed train can run ________ than the old ones. A．much fast B．more faster C．much faster D．more fast 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国的新高速列车比旧的跑得快得多。 根据“than”可知此处应用形容词比较级，fast的比较级为faster；much可修饰比较级表示程度，意为“……得多”，而more不能修饰比较级faster，fast变比较级也不加more。应填much faster。 15．Tom writes ________ than the other students in his class. A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆比班上其他学生写得更认真。 空处修饰动词writes应用副词；根据than可知该句为比较级，应填more carefully。 16．The trip to the mountain is ________ than I expected. A．wonderful B．more wonderful C．most wonderful D．the most wonderful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这次山区之旅比我预期的还要精彩。 根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，表示实际与预期对比，more wonderful符合逻辑。 17．To many Chinese, preparing the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival is even ________ than the dinner itself. A．important B．more important C．as important as D．the most important 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对许多中国人来说，准备年夜饭甚至比年夜饭本身更重要。 important重要的，原级；more important更重要的，比较级；as important as “和……一样重要”，as+原级+as，固定搭配；the most important最重要的，最高级。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处应用比较级结构且“even”常用于修饰比较级，表示程度加深。结合语境，准备年夜饭比年夜饭本身更重要，应用比较级形式。A选项原级，排除；C选项as +原级+as，表示“和……一样”，结构里不能出现than，排除；D选项最高级选项，排除。 18．He is taller than ________. He’s the tallest in class. A．other student B．any student C．any other student D．any other students 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他比任何其他学生都高。他是班里最高的。 根据“He’s the tallest in class.”可知，他是班里最高的，意味着他比班里除自己以外的任何学生都高。在同一群体内进行比较时需排除自身，用固定结构“比较级+than+any other+单数名词”。空处填any other student。 19．I don’t like this book. It’s ________ than that one. A．boring B．more boring C．the most boring D．bored 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不喜欢这本书。它比那一本更无聊。 boring令人无聊的；more boring更令人无聊的；the most boring最令人无聊的；bored感到无聊的。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式。主语“It”指代书，修饰物时用boring，其比较级为more boring。故选B。 20．—Don’t give up, Andy. ________ you work, ________ grades you will get. —Thanks a lot, Mr. Cook. I’ll give it a try. A．The hardest; the best B．The harder; the better C．The harder; the best D．The hardest; the better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——别放弃，安迪。你越努力，你的成绩就会越好。——非常感谢，库克老师。我会试试的。 根据题干“________ you work, ________ grades you will get”可知，此处是“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，应填The harder; the better。 二、完成句子 1．如果大多数人走路上班或上学，污染将会更少。 There will be ________ if most people walk to work or school. 【答案】 less pollution 【详解】原句中“更少的污染”是关键词，表示“更少的”的形容词比较级是less，修饰不可数名词pollution“污染”。 2．礼貌能帮助人们建立更亲密的关系。 Good manners help people ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 develop closer relationships 【详解】原句中“建立更亲密的关系”是关键词，表示“建立关系”用develop relationships；“更亲密的”用closer。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，所以第一个空用动词原形。故填develop；closer；relationships。 3．这条河比那条更长。   This river is ________ ________ that one. 【答案】 longer than 【详解】原句关键词为“比……更长”，需使用“形容词比较级 + than”结构。“长”用long表示，其比较级为longer；“比”对应的介词是than。 4．这次乘船旅行比我以前的任何一次都更有趣。 This boat ride is ________ ________ ________ any other one I had before. 【答案】 more interesting than 【详解】原句中“比……更有趣”是关键词，表示“比……更有趣”的英文是more interesting than，空处位于be动词is后面，修饰物，用形容词interesting的比较级。 5．一方面，生命在于运动。我们运动越多，身体就越健康。 For one hand, life lies in movement. The more we exercise, __________ __________ we will be. 【答案】 the healthier 【详解】原句中“身体就越健康”是关键词，英文中“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构表示“越……，就越……”。healthy“健康的”的比较级是healthier。因此填入the healthier。 6．人工智能研究的数据越多，它就能把任务完成得越好。 The more data AI studies, _________ _________ it can do its job. 【答案】 the better 【详解】句中缺少关键词“越好”，“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构表示“越……，越……”，well“好”的比较级为better。 7．In my heart, it’s ________ than ________ ________ ________. 在我心中，这里比其他任何地方都好。 【答案】 better any other place 【详解】原句中第一空关键词“比……好”表明这里存在比较级结构，“好”对应的英文是“good”，其比较级是“better”，所以第一个空填“better”；后面三个空“其他任何地方”常见的英文表达是“any other place” 8．中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 China is ________ ________ ________ ________ in Africa. 【答案】 larger than any country 【详解】由汉语和英语翻译可知，“大的”用large表示，“比”用than表示，由than可知，large用比较级larger，“任何”用any表示，后接单数名词country，意为“国家”。故填larger；than；any；country。 9．她是这两个女孩中更细心的那个。 She is ________ ________ ________ ________ the two girls. 【答案】 the more careful of 【详解】原句中“更细心的”是关键词，“细心的”是形容词careful，两者之间进行比较要用形容词比较级，多音节形容词careful的比较级为more careful；在特定范围中表示“两者中更……的那个”时，比较级前要加定冠词the，并用of引出比较的范围。故the；more；careful；of。 10．哪一个女孩唱歌唱得更好，海伦还是莉莉？ ____________ girl sings ____________, Helen or Lily? 【答案】 Which better 【详解】根据所给中文可知，句中含有比较级。第一空填疑问词which“哪一个”，句子的主语则是which girl是第三人称单数。修饰动作要用副词，所以是well“好地”，但因为是两个女孩比较，所以要用well的比较级better。故填Which；better。 一、完形填空 Wild nature is home to millions of animals and plants. However, it is facing great danger now. Human activities are 1 many wild places and making it hard for wildlife to live. Forests are being cut down for farms or buildings. This 2 the living areas of animals. Many animals lose their homes and have no 3 to find food. Some even die out 4 . Water pollution is another big problem. Factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes, 5 fish and other water animals. Besides, too much hunting is 6 for wildlife. Some people kill rare animals for money or fun. This breaks the balance of 7 . If one kind of animal disappears, it will 8 other animals in the food chain. Luckily, more people are 9 the importance of protecting wild nature. Governments have built many 10 reserves to keep wildlife safe. Volunteers plant trees and clean up 11 in wild areas. We can also help by 12 using plastic bags, saving water and not buying products made from wild animals. Protecting wild nature is not just for animals. It is also for 13 . A healthy nature gives us clean air, fresh water and beautiful scenery. If we do not act now, our planet will become 14 and less lively. Let’s work together to 15 our wild nature and make it a better home for all living things. 1．A．protecting B．damaging C．developing D．discovering 2．A．reduces B．increases C．creates D．improves 3．A．time B．chance C．money D．energy 4．A．easily B．quietly C．slowly D．suddenly 5．A．helping B．feeding C．killing D．attracting 6．A．dangerous B．necessary C．natural D．strange 7．A．society B．nature C．industry D．culture 8．A．affect B．save C．protect D．encourage 9．A．forgetting B．realizing C．doubting D．ignoring 10．A．animal B．plant C．water D．forest 11．A．trees B．rubbish C．animals D．water 12．A．stopping B．keeping C．continuing D．starting 13．A．itself B．humans C．plants D．future 14．A．cleaner B．greener C．dirtier D．safer 15．A．leave B．change C．destroy D．save 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文讲述人类活动对野生自然的破坏，包括森林砍伐、水污染、过度捕猎等，以及保护自然的重要性及措施。 【详解】 1．句意：人类活动正在破坏许多野生环境，使野生动物难以生存。 根据“facing great danger”及下文砍伐森林、污染等，人类活动造成破坏。应选用damaging，表示“破坏”。protecting“保护”、developing“发展”、discovering“发现”，均与语境相反。 2．句意：这减少了动物的生活区域。 砍伐森林导致栖息地减少。应选用reduces，表示“减少”。increases“增加”、creates“创造”、improves“改善”，均不符合。 3．句意：许多动物失去家园，没有机会找到食物。 失去栖息地意味着觅食机会减少。应选用chance，表示“机会”。time“时间”、money“钱”、energy“能量”，均不准确。 4．句意：许多动物失去家园，没有机会找到食物。有些甚至慢慢地灭绝了。 根据上下文，栖息地丧失和食物短缺导致的物种灭绝通常是一个长期的、渐进的过程，而非瞬间发生。应选用slowly，表示“缓慢地”。easily“容易地”与过程长短无关；quietly“安静地”不符合语境；suddenly“突然地”与科学事实相悖（物种灭绝很少是突然的）。 5．句意：工厂将脏水排入河流和湖泊，杀死鱼类和其他水生动物。 污染的直接后果是生物死亡。应选用killing，表示“杀死”。helping“帮助”、feeding“喂食”、attracting“吸引”，均不合理。 6．句意：此外，过度捕猎对野生动物是危险的。 捕猎行为威胁野生动物生存。应选用dangerous，表示“危险的”。necessary“必要的”、natural“自然的”、strange“奇怪的”，均不符合。 7．句意：这打破了自然的平衡。 捕猎破坏生态系统平衡。应选用nature，表示“自然”。society“社会”、industry“工业”、culture“文化”，均不符合。 8．句意：如果一种动物消失，它将影响食物链中的其他动物。 物种消失产生连锁反应。应选用affect，表示“影响”。save“拯救”、protect“保护”、encourage“鼓励”，均不合理。 9．句意：幸运的是，越来越多的人意识到保护野生自然的重要性。 人们开始认识到问题严重性。应选用realizing，表示“意识到”。forgetting“忘记”、doubting“怀疑”、ignoring“忽视”，均相反。 10．句意：政府建立了很多动物保护区来保护野生动物的安全。 根据“to keep wildlife safe”，保护的对象是野生动物，因此应建立“动物保护区”。应选用animal，表示“动物的”。plant“植物的”、water“水的”、forest“森林的”，均不能直接对应“wildlife”（野生动物）的保护需求。 11．句意：志愿者在野生地区植树和清理垃圾。 保护行动包括清理垃圾。应选用rubbish，表示“垃圾”。trees“树木”（植树已提）、animals“动物”、water“水”，均不符合。 12．句意：我们也可以通过停止使用塑料袋、节约用水、不购买野生动物制品来提供帮助。 减少塑料污染应停止使用。应选用stopping，表示“停止”。keeping“保持”、continuing“继续”、starting“开始”，均相反。 13．句意：保护野生自然不仅仅是为了动物，也是为了人类自己。 根据后文“A healthy nature gives us...”，保护自然造福人类。应选用humans，表示“人类”。itself“它自己”、plants“植物”、future“未来”，均不准确。 14．句意：如果我们现在不采取行动，我们的星球将变得更脏、更不充满生机。 不保护自然导致环境恶化。应选用dirtier，表示“更脏的”。cleaner“更干净的”、greener“更绿的”、safer“更安全的”，均相反。 15．句意：让我们共同努力，拯救野生自然，为所有生物创造一个更美好的家园。 全文呼吁保护。应选用save，表示“拯救”。leave“离开”、change“改变”、destroy“破坏”，save最契合主旨。 二、语法选择 The students are having their chemistry class. Miss Li 1 the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions. 2 them is, “Boys and girls! What is water? 3 you tell me?” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t 4 answer my question? I have told you what water is like, right? ” Then a boy puts up his hand and 5 , “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell. But I think water 6 something that is black when I wash my hands in it.” All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs, too. Then 7 boy puts up his hand. Miss Li asks, “What do you think, Wang Bing?” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell?” “Why do you say so?” Miss Li asks. “ 1 water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right. “I am sorry 2 that, children,” says the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier. That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it 3 again.” 1．A．tell B．tells C．to tell D．is telling 2．A．One of B．Some of C．Many of D．None of 3．A．Can B．Do C．Have D．Does 4．A．you B．your C．yours D．/ 5．A．say B．says C．saying D．to say 6．A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．A．another B．the other C．others D．the others 8．A．/ B．A C．An D．The 9．A．hear B．to hear C．hears D．hearing 10．A．cleaner B．clean C．to clean D．cleaning 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了李老师在化学课上提问“水是什么样的”，学生们因当地河水被污染变黑而给出不同回答，李老师借此引导大家要努力让水变回干净的故事。 1．句意：李老师正在告诉孩子们水是什么样的。 根据前句“The students are having their chemistry class.”，可知此处应用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。 2．句意：其中一个问题是：“孩子们！水是什么？” “one of+复数名词”表示“……中的一个”，这里指众多问题中的一个。 3．句意：你们能告诉我吗？ 此处表示请求或询问对方是否有能力回答，应用“can”。 4．句意：你们为什么不回答我的问题？ “why don't you+动词原形”是固定句型，意为“你为什么不……”，此处“you”指代学生们。 5．句意：然后一个男孩举起手说。 and连接两个并列的谓语动词，“puts”是第三人称单数形式，所以此处“say”也要用第三人称单数“says”。 6．句意：但我认为当我在里面洗手时，水是黑色的东西。 主语“water”是不可数名词，be动词用“is”。 7．句意：然后另一个男孩举起手。 “another”表示“（三者或三者以上中的）另一个”，这里指除了之前举手的男孩之外，又有一个男孩举手。 8．句意：我家后面河里的水总是黑色的，而且有难闻的气味。 此处特指“我家后面河里的水”，应用定冠词“the”。 9．句意：听到这个我很抱歉，孩子们。 “be sorry to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“很抱歉做某事”。因此，应用不定式。 10．句意：我们所有人都必须尽最大努力让它再次变干净。 “make+宾语+形容词”是固定结构，此处“clean”是形容词，意为“干净的”，符合语境。 三、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。 blue difference part and thing clean little visitor out    year   red Taihu Lake is a famous place of interest. If 1 look at Taihu Lake, they will see clean water. Boats run under the white clouds and the 2 sky. However, 15 years ago, the lake looked very 3 . The lake is a 4 of the Yangtze River water system and covers more than 2,000 square kilometers. About 17,000,000 people get water from it now, but the water was not so clean before. Since 2007, our country has done many 5 to clean the water of the lake. So far workers have taken lots of algae (藻) 6 of the lake. The water of Taihu Lake is much 7 than before. After more than ten 8 hard work, our country has thought of a scientific (科学的) way to treat the algae. Now few algae grow in the lake. There are 23 kinds of water birds 9 more than 50 kinds of plants in Taihu Lake. Our country will try other ways to protect the lake and make the pollution 10 . Taihu Lake will be greater in the future. 【答案】 1．visitors 2．blue 3．different 4．part 5．things 6．out 7．cleaner 8．years’ 9．and 10．less 【导语】短文介绍太湖的环境变迁，昔日湖水状态不佳，多年治理后水质大幅改善，生物种类愈发丰富，当地还将持续施策护湖，未来景色会更加美好。 【详解】 1．句意：游客们观赏太湖，能看见清澈的湖水。根据原文“If…look at Taihu Lake.”可知，空格作主语，谓语为原形look。结合备选词选visitor；根据后文they可知此处指代“游览人群”，用复数，visitors符合语境。 2．句意：船只穿行在白云与蓝天之下。根据“…the…sky”可知，此处修饰天空，结合备选词， blue“蓝色”符合语境。 3． 句意：然而十五年前，湖水样貌截然不同。根据“…looked very…”可知，系动词后接形容词。结合备选词， difference变形为形容词different，体现前后样貌差别，符合语境。 4．句意：太湖是长江水域的一部分。根据“…a…of the Yangtze River.”可知，此处应填a part of，表示“……的一部分”，结合备选词，part符合语境。 5．句意：国家采取诸多举措净化湖水。根据“…many…”可知，此处语境为“各类治理措施”结合备选词，选thing。 many后接可数名词复数， things符合语境。 6．句意：工作人员已经打捞大量湖中藻类。根据“…taken lots of algae…of the lake.”可知，此处语境为 take...out of“从……中取出、捞出”，结合备选词，out符合语境。 7．句意：太湖水质相较从前清澈许多。根据上文“…to clean the water of the lake”可知，下文描述水质变干净，备选词clean符合语境。根据“…much …than before.”，much修饰形容词比较级，clean的比较级为cleaner。 8． 句意：历经十余年的辛苦治理。根据“…ten…hard work,”可知，此处语境为“十余年的辛苦治理，”用名词所有格表所属，结合备选词，year变为复数再变形为years’符合语境。 9．句意：太湖现有 23 种水鸟以及 50 多种植物。根据“…23 kinds... more than 50 kinds…”可知，并列连接两类物种，选用连词and。 10． 句意：多措并举守护湖泊，减少污染。根据“Our country will try other ways to protect the lake and make the pollution …”可知， and表递进，“多措并举守护湖泊”进而达到“让污染更少”的结果。结合备选词，little变为比较级less“更少”符合语境。 四、阅读理解 A At just 15 years old, Brazilian scientist Anna Luísa Beserra Santos invented (发明) Aqualuz—a simple device that uses sunlight to purify (净化) rainwater. Growing up in Brazil, she noticed that many families in the countryside had no safe drinking water and lived a hard life. “I realized that if I could create something easy to use, local people could solve their water problems by themselves,” she said. The Aqualuz system works in a clear way. First, rainwater is collected and stored (储存) in a large tank. Next, the water flows into a special transparent (透明的) box. The UV light from the sun kills harmful germs (细菌) in the water within 4 to 6 hours. Finally, a special sticker on the box changes its color to show the water is clean enough to drink. Different from common water filters (过滤器) that need electricity or chemicals to work, Aqualuz depends only on solar (太阳的) energy. It is very cheap to run—only about 2 cents for 10 liters of clean water. What’s more, the device can be used for as long as 20 years, bringing long‑term help to poor communities. Until now, more than 10,000 people in the countryside of Brazil have used Aqualuz. The number reached 40,000 in 2024. Anna also trains local people to set up and take care of the systems. Her great invention tells us that young people with creative ideas can make a big difference to the world. 1．Where is Anna Luísa Beserra Santos from? A．America. B．Japan. C．Brazil. D．India. 2．How do users know the water is safe to drink? A．A light turns on. B．A sticker changes color. C．The water becomes clear. D．A sound is heard. 3．The right order of making clean water with Aqualuz is ______. ① The sunlight kills harmful germs.                    ② Rainwater is stored in a tank. ③ The sticker changes its color.                     ④ Water goes into a transparent box. A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．①→②→④→③ 4．Aqualuz can work for 20 years. That means it is ______. A．difficult to repair B．in need of daily care C．strong and long-lasting D．easily broken 5．Where may the passage come from? A．A storybook. B．A science magazine. C．A travel guide. D．A food menu. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了15岁的巴西科学家安娜·路易莎·贝塞拉·桑托斯发明了一种利用阳光净化雨水的简单装置Aqualuz，介绍了其工作原理、优势以及应用情况，表明有创意想法的年轻人能对世界产生重大影响。 【详解】 1．第一段提到“At just 15 years old, Brazilian scientist Anna Luísa Beserra Santos...”，明确说明安娜·路易莎·贝塞拉·桑托斯来自巴西。 2．第二段提到“Finally, a special sticker on the box changes its color to show the water is clean enough to drink.”，说明用户通过盒子上特殊贴纸颜色的变化知道水可以安全饮用。 3．第二段提到“First, rainwater is collected and stored (储存) in a large tank. Next, the water flows into a special transparent (透明的) box. The UV light from the sun kills harmful germs (细菌) in the water within 4 to 6 hours. Finally, a special sticker on the box changes its color to show the water is clean enough to drink.”，可知制作干净水的正确顺序是先储存雨水在水箱，然后水流入透明盒子，接着阳光杀死有害细菌，最后贴纸变色，即②→④→①→③。 4．第三段提到“What’s more, the device can be used for as long as 20 years, bringing long‑term help to poor communities.”，说明Aqualuz可以使用长达20年，这意味着它坚固且耐用。 5．文章主要介绍了科学发明Aqualuz，包括其发明者、工作原理、优势等内容，属于科学范畴，所以这篇文章可能来自科学杂志。 B Ben and his friend Bob like to go boating on the river near their city. They each have their own boats. Ben’s boat is light yellow and Bob’s boat is black. On a sunny and cool Sunday, they go boating on the river with their family. Ben and Bob bring fishing poles (钓鱼竿) with them, so they can fish on the boat. They have a wonderful time on their boats. They also bring lunch. At lunchtime, they stop their boats near the riverbank and enjoy their lunch on the bank. After lunch, the parents talk about the interesting things about their work. They laugh from time to time. But later, the children see many plastic bags and bottles in the river. The river looks like a big rubbish bin. That worries them very much. They decide to do something for the river. They start to clean up the rubbish in the river in the afternoon. After the children clean up the rubbish, they learn that protecting the river isn’t just a one-time thing. They plan to tell more people about the importance of keeping the river clean. They think if everyone makes a small effort, the river will become clean and beautiful again. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What do Ben and Bob bring for their boating trip? A．Toys. B．Kites. C．Books. D．Fishing poles. 2．Where do Ben and Bob have lunch? A．At home. B．On the river bank. C．On the river. D．In a restaurant by the river. 3．What do the children do in the afternoon? A． B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “effort” mean in Chinese? A．努力 B．智慧 C．金钱 D．机会 5．What can we learn from the text? A．We should go boating with our family every Sunday. B．Boats of different colours can help get more fish. C．Playing games is the best way to spend a sunny day. D．Everyone should do something to protect the river. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了Ben和Bob在一次划船出游中，发现河水被垃圾污染，于是主动清理垃圾并决定呼吁大家保护河流的故事。 【详解】 1．文中第1段提到“Ben and Bob bring fishing poles with them”，说明他们带了钓鱼竿。 2．文中第2段提到“At lunchtime, they stop their boats near the river bank and enjoy their lunch on the bank.”，说明他们在河岸上吃午饭。 3．文中第3段提到“They start to clean up the rubbish in the river in the afternoon.”，下午他们在清理河里的垃圾，对应选项C的图片。 4．文中句子“They think if everyone makes a small effort, the river will become clean and beautiful again.”，结合上下文，“effort”在这里的意思是“努力”。 5．文章讲述了孩子们清理河里的垃圾，并决定呼吁大家保护河流的故事，传递了“每个人都应该为保护河流出一份力”的主旨。 C Du Yun was in the bathroom. The tap was on. When she brushed her teeth, she thought about going swimming with her friends and… “Turn that tap off,” said an angry voice (声音) suddenly. “You’re wasting water.” Du Yun turned the tap off and looked around, but there was no one there. “Who are you?” “I’m Dripple, and I’m a drop of water. Do you know where I come from?” “From the tap?” asked Du Yun. “Well, yes, but a few days ago, I was in a cloud,” said Dripple. “Then the wind pushed the cloud up a mountain. When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. I became one of the raindrops.” “How did you come into my house then, Dripple?” “I fell into a river and finally ended up in a reservoir (水库). Then I went to a special place. There, people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.” “They cleaned you? Why?” Du Yun asked. “Because I was dirty. Then I travelled through the pipes (管) under the streets and now I’m here,” Dripple explained. “So is this the end of your journey (旅程)?” Du Yun asked. “No. People will clean me one more time. Then I’ll go into a river, and after that, I’ll return to the sea again.” “Again?” “Yes. My journey back to the clouds starts there. Remember not to waste or pollute me. I’m invaluable. I can help a lot.” “I’m sorry, Dripple!” Then, Du Yun came out of the bathroom and ran to her study. She wanted to write her diary (日记) about this at once. 1．Who is Dripple in the story? A．The girl. B．The tap. C．The cloud. D．The water drop. 2．Which can show the underlined sentence “When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. I became one of the raindrops.”? A．A B．B C．C D．D 3．According to Dripple, what was the last place the water went through before coming into Du Yun’s house? A．A cloud. B．A reservoir. C．A river. D．The pipes under the streets. 4．What does the underlined word “invaluable” mean in English? A．useful B．cheap C．special D．different 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of this story? A．To ask people not to waste water. B．To show what Du Yun did one day. C．To tell an interesting story about a water drop. D．To tell us how water travels from clouds to homes. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了杜云在刷牙时遇到了一滴名叫Dripple的水滴，Dripple向杜云讲述了自己从云朵到河流再到自来水管的旅程，并提醒杜云不要浪费水资源。 1．第四段指出：“I’m Dripple, and I’m a drop of water.”，说明Dripple是一滴水。 2．根据“When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. I became one of the raindrops.”可知，当云冷却时，开始下雨，Dripple成为了其中的一滴雨滴。 3．倒数第六段指出：“Then I travelled through the pipes under the streets and now I’m here.”，在进入杜云家之前，水滴最后经过的地方是街道下的管道。 4．倒数第二段指出：“Remember not to waste or pollute me. I’m invaluable. I can help a lot.”，因为它能帮很多忙，推测它是有用的，即useful。 5．整篇文章通过水滴的旅行，最终落脚到提醒人们节约用水、不污染水源，所以故事的主要目的是呼吁人们不要浪费水。 The Arctic is home to over 21, 000 kinds of animals and plants. Two thirds of it is the Arctic Ocean. In winter, it is completely covered with sea ice. In summer, nearly 50 percent of these is ice. It’s also home to about 4 million people, a group of whom are Inuit. Jim is an Inuit boy. At 6:30 am, he wakes up and gets ready to go to school in his fur coat. It keeps him warm in the freezing weather. Half an hour later, he gets to school on a ski or snowmobile. Some of his friends go by car instead. At 11 :30 am, it’s time for lunch. There’s fish and other meat in his lunchbox. He sometimes eats them uncooked. These foods give him enough energy. Besides local food, some people eat Western food. At 5:00 pm, the snow outside makes everything bright, so he wears snow goggles on his way back home, or his eyes may be hurt badly by the strong light. From December to March, the sun never rises. However, it always shines in the sky during the summer. At 10:00 pm, he goes to bed. Sometimes he stays in an ice house called igloo. It looks cold but it’s warm inside. Many local people live in houses made of wood. The Inuit mainly make a living by hunting and fishing. Now, their life is greatly influenced by climate（气候）change. For example, many animals they hunt for food are disappearing. There is less food for the reindeer they keep, too. They face more terrible weather, such as snowstorms. Hunting becomes more dangerous. Hunters may accidentally fall into water if the ice becomes too thin. Actually, the temperature in the Arctic is 18℃ higher than it was 125 years ago. All Arctic ice may disappear during the summer in less than 100 years. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 【答案】1．facts 2．dark/in the dark/in darkness 3．protection 4．Transportation 5．sure of/about; certain of/about 【分析】本文介绍了北极生活及北极的现状，呼吁人们保护环境。 【详解】 1．根据“In winter, it is completely covered with sea ice. In summer, nearly 50 percent of the se is ice.”可知介绍北极夏天和冬天的一些事实情况，fact表示“事实”，此处用复数形式。故填facts。 2．根据“From December to March, the sun never rises.”可知从十二月份到三月份，太阳是不升起的，因此是黑暗的。故填dark/in the dark/in darkness。 3．根据“At 5:00 pm, the snow outside makes everything bright, so he wears snow goggles on his way back home, or his eyes may be hurt badly by the strong light.”可知回家的时候他带上护目镜，以免眼睛被强光损伤，因此护目镜是保护眼睛的。故填protection。 4．根据“a snowmobile”和“a ski”可知雪地摩托和雪橇属于交通工具。故填Transportation。 5．根据“Hunting becomes more dangerous. Hunters may accidentally fall into water if the ice becomes too thin. ”可知猎人很可能在冰薄的地方落入水中，因此没办法保证自己的安全。故填sure of/about; certain of/about。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $