专题05阅读理解题(专项训练)小升初英语暑假专项提升(北京版)

**基本信息** 以“方法-题型-素养”三维架构设计，系统提炼阅读解题技巧，覆盖高频考点与跨文化、跨学科新题型，强化语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧|5个方法要点|通读题干定位、区分题型作答、排除干扰项等实用策略|从细节抓取到综合理解，衔接人物/时间等高频考点与文化意识培养| |小试牛刀|12篇阅读（含常规/跨文化/跨学科）|通过典例演练方法迁移，强化原文依据意识|覆盖日常情境与学科融合场景，提升信息提取与逻辑分析能力|

专题05 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、通读题干，带着问题读文章 拿到阅读题先看题干和选项，圈画关键词（人名、地点、时间、数字、名词、动词），再回到原文定位答案。本册高频考点：人物特征、天气、时间、地点、行为动作、细节描述。 二、定位原文，抓取细节信息 1. 看到人名（Mike/Sara/Baobao 等）、地名（Canada/California/Kunming）、日期（April 22nd），立刻在原文找到对应段落； 2. 遇到形容词（worried/nervous/tired/cold）、动作词（look for/print/save），锁定前后句子； 3. 数字题（年龄、时间、价格）重点核对原文数字，避免看错。 三、区分题型，针对性作答 1. 常规故事 / 对话阅读：理清人物关系、事件起因、经过、结果； 2. 跨文化阅读：结合中外节日、生活习惯、校园文化，对比文本信息，不主观脑补； 3. 跨学科阅读（科学、地理、语文）：英语文本 + 学科知识结合，以英文原文为唯一依据，不要仅凭课外常识答题； 4. 任务型阅读（匹配、排序、填表）：按题目要求梳理逻辑顺序，逐点对应。 四、排除干扰项，规避常见错误 1. 无中生有：选项内容原文完全没提到，直接排除； 2. 偷换概念：单词 / 人物 / 地点改动（如把 Mike 改成 Maomao），仔细甄别； 3. 半对半错：选项前半句正确、后半句错误，整题判定错误； 4. 主观臆断：不用自己的想法代替原文内容，答案一定来自文章。 五、生词处理：联系上下文猜词义 1. 借助前后句解释、举例理解含义； 2. 专有名词（人名、地名、节日）直接当作符号，不影响做题。 小试牛刀 一、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Yangyang sees Sara looking worried. Sara can’t find her water bottle. Her bottle is blue and looks like a teddy bear, and it’s bigger than other bottles on the ground. Yangyang wants to lend his water bottle to Sara, but Sara refuses. Then they see Lingling using a paper cup, and they decide to ask Lingling where she gets it. ( ) 1. What is Sara looking for? A. A pencil case B. A water bottle C. A paper cup ( ) 2. What shape is Sara’s bottle? A. A teddy bear B. A cat C. A dog ( ) 3. Where are some small water bottles? A. On the desk B. On the ground C. On the chair ( ) 4. What does Yangyang want to give Sara? A. His water bottle B. A cup C. A pen ( ) 5. What will Sara and Yangyang do finally? A. Go home B. Ask Lingling questions C. Look for the bottle alone 二、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Baobao loses his little kitten. He feels sad and wants to call the police. A security man helps him. The kitten is all white, but black on the top of its head. It has beautiful eyes. The security man says the kitten may play in the garden, and he looks for the kitten with Baobao together. Baobao gets the kitten from his uncle just yesterday. ( ) 1. Who loses a kitten? A. Baobao B. Security man C. Yangyang ( ) 2. What colour is the kitten’s head top? A. White B. Black C. Yellow ( ) 3. What does Baobao want to do at first? A. Call the police B. Play with it C. Feed it ( ) 4. Where may the kitten be? A. On the street B. In the garden C. In the room ( ) 5. When does Baobao get the kitten? A. Three days ago B. Yesterday C. Today 三、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Mike’s uncle Mark is 40 years old. He is two years older than Mike’s father. Mark is strong, with broad shoulders and huge hands. He has a big farm in Canada. During summer vacation, Mike often goes to the farm. He likes helping his uncle do farm work, and he loves feeding sheep. Going fishing with his uncle is also Mark’s hobby. ( ) 1. How old is Mark? A. 40 B. 38 C. 42 ( ) 2. Where does Mark have a farm? A. China B. Canada C. the U.S.A. ( ) 3. When does Mike stay on the farm? A. Winter vacation B. Summer vacation C. Spring holiday ( ) 4. What does Mike like to feed? A. Sheep B. Cats C. Dogs ( ) 5. What is Mark’s hobby? A. Reading B. Fishing C. Swimming 四、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Yangyang and Guoguo will host the graduation ceremony. The rehearsal will start at four o’clock. Yangyang feels nervous, because there are over three hundred students in their grade. They prepare big and heavy gifts for teachers. They plan to invite teachers to the stage and say thanks to them. ( ) 1. What will Yangyang and Guoguo host? A. A sports meeting B. Graduation ceremony C. A party ( ) 2. When will the rehearsal begin? A. At three B. At four C. At five ( ) 3. How many students are there in the grade? A. Over 300 B. Over 200 C. Over 100 ( ) 4. What do they prepare for teachers? A. Books B. Gifts C. Pens ( ) 5. What will they ask teachers to do? A. Come to the stage B. Sing songs C. Play games 五、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 April 22nd is World Earth Day all over the world. On this day, people tell each other to protect the environment. In many countries, people have good habits to live a low-carbon life: go to work by bus or subway, stop using plastic bags, and do not litter in public. China also has many environmental festivals, such as World Environment Day on June 5th and Car Free Day on September 22nd. People in different countries work together to protect our earth. ( ) 1. When is World Earth Day? A. April 22nd B. June 5th C. September 22nd ( ) 2. What do people do on World Earth Day? A. Have big parties B. Protect the environment C. Go travelling ( ) 3. Which is China’s Car Free Day? A. June 5th B. April 22nd C. September 22nd ( ) 4. What is a low-carbon habit? A. Use more plastic bags B. Litter everywhere C. Take a bus to work ( ) 5. How do people protect the earth? A. Work together B. Stay at home C. Play outside 六、【新题型·跨文化】阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Jim is from Canada. He will visit Beijing next month. Beijing is sunny and windy now, and it rains a lot in July and August. Kunming is a nice city in China. It feels like spring all year round, so people love travelling there. Jim’s family will go to Kunming by plane. In Western countries, people also like travelling to different cities to enjoy different weather. ( ) 1.Where is Jim from? A. Canada B. China C. the U.K. ( ) 2. What’s the weather like in Beijing now? A. Rainy B. Sunny and windy C. Snowy ( ) 3. When does Beijing have much rain? A. July and August B. March and April C. November and December ( ) 4. What’s special about Kunming? A. Cold all year B. Spring all year round C. Hot all year ( ) 5. How will Jim’s family go to Kunming? A. By train B. By bus C. By plane 七、【新题型·跨学科】阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 People’s skin colours are different because of melanin. Melanin can protect skin from the sun. People living in hot and sunny places have more melanin, so their skin is darker. People in cold places have less melanin and lighter skin. If you cover your finger with a bandage, sunlight cannot reach the skin, so no new melanin will grow there. ( ) 1. What makes people have different skin colours? A. Melanin B. Water C. Food ( ) 2. What can melanin do? A. Make people tall B. Protect skin from the sun C. Make hair long ( ) 3. People in hot places have ______ melanin. A. more B. less C. no ( ) 4. What colour is the skin with more melanin? A. Lighter B. Darker C. Red ( ) 5. Why does a bandage stop melanin growing? A. It blocks sunlight B. It is wet C. It is thin 八、【新题型·跨学科】阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 There are three main kinds of energy. Solar energy is from the sun, and we use solar panels to turn sunlight into electricity. Motion energy comes from moving things like wind. Wind turbines can make electricity with wind. Fuel energy is from coal, oil and gas. People burn fuels to get light and heat. ( ) 1.How many main kinds of energy are mentioned? A. Two B. Three C. Four ( ) 2. Solar energy comes from ______. A. the sun B. wind C. coal ( ) 3. What can turn sunlight into electricity? A. Wind turbines B. Solar panels C. Bags ( ) 4. What makes motion energy in the text? A. Wind B. Water C. Fire ( ) 5. Which is NOT fuel? A. Coal B. Oil C. Sunlight 九、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 The Foolish Old Man is 90 years old. Two big mountains are in front of his home. He decides to move the mountains with his family. A Wise Old Man laughs at him and says he is too old to do it. The Foolish Old Man answers that his family will keep working, and the mountains will not grow. Finally, the gods help him move the two mountains away. ( ) 1. How old is the Foolish Old Man? A. 80 B. 90 C. 100 ( ) 2. What is in front of his home? A. Two mountains B. A river C. A garden ( ) 3. Who laughs at the Foolish Old Man? A. His son B. The Wise Old Man C. A god ( ) 4. What does the Foolish Old Man want to move? A. Trees B. Stones C. Mountains ( ) 5. Who helps move the mountains at last? A. The gods B. His friends C. The Wise Old Man 十、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Baobao catches a cold. He has a runny nose and a fever. Yesterday he went to the cinema. On his way home, he got wet in the rain. His mum tells him to stay in bed and drink much water. People should be careful on rainy days and not catch a cold. ( ) 1. What’s wrong with Baobao? A. He has a cold B. He has a toothache C. He has an earache ( ) 2. Where did Baobao go yesterday? A. Park B. Cinema C. School ( ) 3. Why is Baobao ill? A. He ate cold food B. He got wet in rain C. He stayed up late ( ) 4. What should Baobao do? A. Play outside B. Stay in bed C. Watch TV ( ) 5. What advice does the text give? A. Be careful not to catch a cold B. Eat more food C. Walk every day 十一、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Baobao and Maomao want to go to No.1 High School. A man tells them: walk straight and turn right at the first corner. The school is behind a green building. The school has an Open Day this Saturday. Visitors can come between 9 am and 4 pm. The gate guard welcomes new students. ( ) 1. Where do the two boys want to go? A. No.1 High School B. Park C. Library ( ) 2. Where is the school? A. In front of a green building B. Behind a green building C. Next to a shop ( ) 3. When is the school’s Open Day? A. This Friday B. This Saturday C. This Sunday ( ) 4. What time can visitors go into the school? A. 8 am B. 10 am C. 5 pm ( ) 5. Who welcomes the new students? A. A teacher B. A guard C. A student 十二、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Mary is from the U.K., 12 years old. Her favourite subject is science. Lisa is an American girl, 11 years old, and she likes English best. Kevin is a 10-year-old Canadian boy, he loves maths. Stan is from Australia, and he likes Chinese very much. ( ) 1. Where is Mary from? A. The U.K. B. America C. Canada ( ) 2. How old is Lisa? A. 10 B. 11 C. 12 ( ) 3. What’s Lisa’s favourite subject? A. Science B. Maths C. English ( ) 4. Who likes maths? A. Mary B. Kevin C. Stan ( ) 5. Where does Stan come from? A. Canada B. Australia C. the U.S.A. 参考答案 一、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 二、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 三、1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 四、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 五、1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 六、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 七、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 八、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C 九、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 十、1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 十一、1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 十二、1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $