高二英语下学期期末模拟卷01（上海专用）

2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang. Her passion for Dunhuang 1 (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer of introducing Dunhuang art. In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who 2 (win) several medals in France, made up his mind to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn’t long 3 he moved to Dunhuang, a remote county in northwest China’s Gansu Province. 4 (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, 5 is now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to the protection and study of Dunhuang’s treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn’t bear the harsh conditions and left him. What’s worse, during the war, the government stopped 6 (fund) the Dunhuang Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission. Chang Shana made copies of the murals 7 the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and 8 the styles for the murals had evolved. That experience has greatly influenced her career. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs 9 (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work 10 (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. 【答案】 1．was inspired 2．had won 3．before 4．Having traveled/Having travelled 5．which 6．funding 7．under 8．how 9．based 10．to make 【导语】文章主要讲述了著名艺术家常沙娜及其父亲常书鸿毕生致力于敦煌艺术的保护、传承与推广的故事，展现了两代人对敦煌文化的深厚情感与卓越贡献。 【详解】1．考查时态语态。句意：她对敦煌的热爱受到父亲常书鸿的启发，常书鸿常被称为引入敦煌艺术的先驱。空处为句子谓语，主语Her passion与inspire之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用was。 2．考查时态。句意：1943年，她的父亲当时还是一位在法国赢得过多枚奖牌的有前途的艺术家，在阅读了有关敦煌洞窟艺术的文章后，决心为敦煌做出贡献。根据时间状语In 1943及主句使用一般过去时made up his mind可知，win这一动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时had won。 3．考查连词。句意：没过多久，他就搬到了中国西北甘肃省的一个偏远县城敦煌。It wasn’t long before...是固定句型，表示“没过多久就……”。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：1943年秋天，这家人沿着崎岖的道路走了整整一个月，到达了尘土飞扬却令人兴奋的敦煌莫高窟。句中已有谓语arrived at，空处应填非谓语动词。travel这一动作发生在arrived之前，且与主语the family之间是主动关系，应用现在分词的完成式作状语。travel的现在分词完成形式为having travel(l)ed，且句首首字母应大写。 5．考查定语从句。句意：1944年，常书鸿创办了敦煌艺术研究所，即现在的敦煌研究院。此处为关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，此时应用which引导。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，战争期间，政府停止了对敦煌艺术研究院的资助。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，空处应用fund的动名词形式funding作宾语。 7．考查介词。句意：常沙娜在父亲、研究所的研究人员和来访艺术家的指导下临摹壁画。under the guidance of...是固定短语，表示“在……的指导下”。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：她了解了很多关于壁画的知识，以及壁画的风格是如何演变的。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how引导该宾语从句。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：常完成了许多基于敦煌壁画的关键设计，包括人民大会堂的天花板。句中已有谓语has completed，空处应填非谓语动词，在句中作后置定语修饰designs，base与designs为被动关系，空处应用base的过去分词作based后置定语。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：她现在正与一个电子商务平台合作推广她的作品，以确保这门千年艺术得以延续。句中已有谓语is cooperating with，空处应填非谓语动词，此处为不定式作目的状语，空处应填入to make。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．marketed B．occur C． increased D．involve E. intended F. controlled G. potentially H. connecting I. serve J. backed K. access Young children may face serious health risks from popular energy drinks, such as Monster, Red Bull and Rock Star, 11 causing heart problems and other life-threatening conditions, according to the findings of new researches. Researchers have warned about the risk of allowing young children 12 to the energy drinks, which contain high amounts of caffeine and other stimulants. Researches indicate that the energy drinks are not 13 for young children and are not safe for them to consume. Steven Lipshultz, M.D．, lead author of the study, is calling for a warning on all energy drink cans and bottles, warning parents of the risk of allowing children to drink them. Researchers say it is difficult to know exactly how much caffeine is contained in each can or bottle of energy drinks, since they are often 14 as dietary supplements, which allow the manufacturers to avoid FDA regulations. Energy drink manufacturers have compared the amount of caffeine in their products to that in hot drinks sold in 15 environments like coffee houses, but their products are often packaged in very large sizes and they are not sold in environments like coffee houses, which typically would not 16 young children. Energy drinks are widely available in convenience stores next to traditional soft drinks, typically packaged in very similar cans and using similar marketing techniques. Some energy drinks in many of the popular lines can contain up to 400 mg of caffeine per can. In comparison, a cup of coffee typically has around 100 mg of caffeine. Caffeine poisoning can 17 in adults at levels higher than 400 mg a day; however, children under 12 can experience caffeine poisoning at only 2.5 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight. A study published in September 18 up the new findings, revealing energy drinks may cause serious heart problems. French researchers revealed the popular energy drinks may be linked to 19 risk of irregular heartbeats and even sudden death. The FDA is currently investigating health concerns surrounding the drinks after numerous negative event reports have been made in recent years 20 energy drinks to severe injuries and deaths. 【答案】 11．G 12．K 13．E 14．A 15．F 16．I 17．B 18．J 19．C 20．H 【导语】文章介绍了新的研究结果指出能量饮料可能对幼儿造成严重健康风险，包括心脏问题等，并分析了其原因、相关案例及监管现状。 【详解】11．考查副词。句意：根据新研究结果，幼儿可能面临来自怪兽、红牛和摇滚明星等流行能量饮料带来的严重健康风险，这些饮料可能导致心脏问题及其他危及生命的状况。根据“may face serious health risks”可知，这是一种可能性，用副词potentially修饰现在分词短语“causing heart problems...”，意为“潜在地，可能地”，符合语境。 12．考查名词。句意：研究人员已经警告，允许幼儿接触含有大量咖啡因和其他兴奋剂的能量饮料存在风险。根据“allowing young children”和“to the energy drinks”可知，此处表示让幼儿能够接触到这些饮料，用名词access作宾语，其意为“使用或见到的机会/权利”。 13．考查形容词。句意：研究表明，能量饮料并非为幼儿设计，对他们来说饮用并不安全。根据“are not safe for them to consume.”可知，这些饮料对幼儿来说并不安全，所以也不是为幼儿设计的；用形容词intended作表语，意为“为……打算/设计的。 14．考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，很难知道每罐或每瓶能量饮料中究竟含有多少咖啡因，因为它们通常作为膳食补充剂进行营销，这让制造商可以避开美国食品药品监督管理局的监管。根据“as dietary supplements”可知，这是这些饮料在市场上推销的方式；用动词market(推销)，用过去分词和are构成一般现在时的被动语态。 15．考查形容词。句意：能量饮料制造商将其产品中的咖啡因含量与咖啡店等受控环境中销售的热饮进行比较，但他们的产品通常包装非常大，并且不会在咖啡店这样的环境中销售，咖啡店通常不会接待幼儿。根据“environments like coffee houses”可知，咖啡店是相对受监管、可控的环境；用形容词controlled作定语，意为“受控制的”。 16．考查动词。句意：能量饮料制造商将其产品中的咖啡因含量与咖啡店等受控环境中销售的热饮进行比较，但他们的产品通常包装非常大，并且不会在咖啡店这样的环境中销售，咖啡店通常不会接待幼儿。根据“environments like coffee houses”可知，咖啡店环境通常不会接待幼儿；用动词serve作谓语，意为“服务，接待”，在情态动词would后用动词原形。 17．考查动词。句意：成人每天摄入超过400毫克的咖啡因就可能发生咖啡因中毒；然而，12岁以下的儿童每2.2磅体重只摄入2.5毫克咖啡因就会发生咖啡因中毒。根据“however, children under 12 can experience caffeine poisoning at only 2.5 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight.”可知，句中对比咖啡因中毒在成人和幼儿之间发生的情况；用动词occur作谓语，意为“发生，出现”，在情态动词can后用动词原形。 18．考查动词。句意：9月份发表的一项研究支持了这一新发现，揭示能量饮料可能导致严重的心脏问题。根据“the new findings”可知，此处表示该研究支持了这一新发现；动词back构成动词短语back up，意为“证实，支持”，作谓语，用一般过去时态讲述过去的事情。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：法国研究人员揭示，流行的能量饮料可能与心律不齐甚至猝死的风险增加有关。根据“risk of irregular heartbeats and even sudden death”可知，此处表示增加的风险；用动词increase(增加)作定语修饰名词risk，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语risk之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，大量负面事件报告将能量饮料与严重伤害及死亡联系起来，美国食品药品监督管理局目前正在围绕这些饮料的健康问题进行调查。根据“energy drinks to severe injuries and deaths”可知，此处表示报告建立了能量饮料与伤害死亡之间的关联；用动词connect(连接，联系)作定语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语negative event reports之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The good old days? For hundreds of years, nostalgia wasn’t just an emotion, but a potentially deadly disease. Coined by a Swiss physician in 1688, nostalgia struck down servants in 17th-century Germany and killed soldiers in their thousands during the American Civil War. It was a kind of uncontrollable homesickness and while its exact 21 is unclear, it caused people to slowly waste away. Weak and unable to eat, some 22 to death. These days, we view nostalgia very differently. Now, psychologists and neuroscientists think nostalgia is a predominantly positive, although 23 , emotion that arises from personally important, tender, wistful (伤感的) memories of one’s past. But nostalgia isn’t just benign. It is also 24 therapeutic — a powerful psychological resource that provides people with a variety of benefits. Researchers have found it can boost self-esteem, increase meaning in life, foster a sense of social 25 and reduce loneliness, stress and anxiety. It can even be used to maintain and improve memory among older adults, enrich psychological health and lessen depression, studies show. This therapeutic version of nostalgia has been put to use in 26 places. Organizations of various kinds have tapped into nostalgia’s feel-good factor and companies have deployed the emotion in their efforts to improve workforce well-being. The sociologist Yiannis Gabriel was one of the first to 27 the term “organizational nostalgia”. He found that nostalgia is a by-product of workplaces where employees have spent many years, especially when the organization is 28 to the local community, like coal mines, hospitals and universities. His research subjects told nostalgic stories about former colleagues and reminisced over old office buildings. Later studies found that organizational nostalgia could be put to use. It strengthened the 29 identities of academics, doctors and nurses, for example, and could be deployed as a personal psychological resource. Nostalgia at work can look like shared 30 about memorable days in a company’s history, or more abstract feelings about the “golden age” of a profession. Psychologists found that this organizational nostalgia helps employees cope with a challenging boss. It could act as an emotional buffer, allowing staff to maintain a feeling of 31 and — helpfully for employers — stop them seeking improved working conditions or altered leadership. Despite the frustrations of, say being denied a(n) 32 in important decisions at work, researchers have found that nostalgia provides an “alternative route to social connectedness” that keeps employees 33 . One study that interviewed 23 academics in Finland found they yearned for a past when they had more academic freedom. This “idealization of the past” helped the academics 34 their professional values, researchers found, which helped them 35 current pressures. And when medical professionals had their autonomy threatened by new ways of working, they could draw on nostalgia to make themselves feel better. 21．A．function B．procedure C．mechanism D．origin 22．A．thrilled B．starved C．bored D．sentenced 23．A．fleeting B．tricky C．intense D．bittersweet 24．A．actively B．reluctantly C．occasionally D．exceedingly 25．A．accountability B．collectiveness C．integration D．connectedness 26．A．anticipated B．unexpected C．irrational D．conventional 27．A．forge B．coin C．quote D．popularize 28．A．trivial B．home C．central D．superior 29．A．amateur B．public C．professional D．individual 30．A．recollections B．implications C．predictions D．speculations 31．A．distraction B．hesitation C．resignation D．motivation 32．A．alternative B．promotion C．voice D．refund 33．A．cooperative B．respectable C．productive D．competent 34．A．undermine B．clarify C．sophisticate D．justify 35．A．live up to B．get well along with C．make up for D．come to terms with 【答案】 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．D 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】主要介绍了怀旧之情在历史上曾被视为致命疾病，如今被认为具有积极的治疗作用，并在组织和工作场景中得到应用，能给员工带来多种益处。 【详解】21．考查名词。句意：这是一种无法控制的思乡病，虽然其确切机制尚不清楚，但它会导致人们慢慢消瘦。A. function功能；B. procedure程序；C. mechanism机制；D. origin起源。根据后文“is unclear, it caused people to slowly waste away.”可知，这里说虽然不知道怀旧（思乡病）导致人消瘦的具体机制。 22．考查动词。句意：身体虚弱，无法进食，一些人饿死了。A. thrilled使激动；B. starved挨饿，饿死；C. bored使厌烦；D. sentenced宣判。根据前文“Weak and unable to eat”可知，无法进食，所以是饿死。 23．考查形容词。句意：现在，心理学家和神经科学家认为怀旧主要是一种积极的，尽管是苦乐参半的情感，它源于个人对过去重要、温柔且伤感的回忆。A. fleeting短暂的；B. tricky棘手的；C. intense强烈的；D. bittersweet苦乐参半的。根据后文“personally important, tender, wistful memories”可知，这种情感是苦乐参半的。 24．考查副词。句意：它还极其具有治疗作用——是一种强大的心理资源，能给人们带来各种益处。A. actively积极地；B. reluctantly不情愿地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. exceedingly极其。根据后文“a powerful psychological resource that provides people with a variety of benefits.”可知，提到它能带来多种益处，说明其治疗作用很显著。 25．考查名词。句意：研究人员发现，它可以提升自尊，增加生活意义，培养社会联系感，减少孤独、压力和焦虑。A. accountability问责制；B. collectiveness集体性；C. integration整合；D. connectedness联系。根据前文“a variety of benefits”说怀旧有益，这里指培养社会联系感。 26．考查形容词。句意：这种具有治疗作用的怀旧之情在一些意想不到的地方得到了应用。A. anticipated预期的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. irrational不合理的；D. conventional传统的。根据后文“Organizations of various kinds have tapped into nostalgia’s feel-good factor and companies have deployed the emotion in their efforts to improve workforce well-being.”可知，这些地方是意想不到的。 27．考查动词。句意：社会学家扬尼斯·加布里埃尔是最早创造“组织怀旧”这个术语的人之一。A. forge锻造；B. coin创造（新词语）；C. quote引用；D. popularize普及。根据后文“the term “organizational nostalgia””可知，这里是创造这个术语。 28．考查形容词。句意：他发现，怀旧是员工工作多年的工作场所的副产品，尤其是当这个组织对当地社区至关重要时，比如煤矿、医院和大学。A. trivial琐碎的；B. home家的；C. central重要的，中心的；D. superior上级的，优越的。根据后文“like coal mines, hospitals and universities.”可知，煤矿、医院和大学对当地社区很重要。 29．考查形容词。句意：例如，它强化了学者、医生和护士的职业身份，并且可以作为一种个人心理资源加以利用。A. amateur业余的；B. public公众的；C. professional职业的；D. individual个人的。根据后文“academics, doctors and nurses”可知，学者、医生和护士是职业，所以是强化职业身份。 30．考查名词。句意：工作中的怀旧可能表现为对公司历史上难忘日子的共同回忆，或者是对某个职业“黄金时代”更抽象的感受。A. recollections回忆；B. implications含义；C. predictions预测；D. speculations推测。根据前文“Nostalgia at work”可知，对公司难忘日子的应是回忆。 31．考查名词。句意：它可以作为一种情感缓冲，让员工保持动力 —— 对雇主来说很有帮助 —— 阻止他们寻求改善工作条件或更换领导。A. distraction分心；B. hesitation犹豫；C. resignation顺从；D. motivation动力。根据前文“It could act as an emotional buffer”可知，这种缓冲能让员工保持动力。 32．考查名词。句意：尽管有一些挫折，比如在工作中的重要决策中被剥夺发言权，研究人员发现，怀旧提供了一条“通往社会联系的替代途径”，使员工保持合作。A. alternative替代方案；B. promotion晋升；C. voice发言权；D. refund退款。根据前文“Despite the frustrations of”以及“important decisions at work”可知，在决策中应是被剥夺发言权。 33．考查形容词。句意同上。A. cooperative合作的；B. respectable值得尊敬的；C. productive高效的；D. competent有能力的。根据前文“nostalgia provides an “alternative route to social connectedness”可知，怀旧让员工保持合作。 34．考查动词。句意：研究人员发现，这种“对过去的理想化”帮助学者们阐明了他们的职业价值观，这帮助他们接受了当前的压力。A. undermine破坏；B. clarify阐明；C. sophisticate使复杂；D. justify证明……合理。根据后文“their professional values”可知，是阐明职业价值观。 35．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. live up to不辜负；B. get well along with与……相处融洽；C. make up for弥补；D. come to terms with接受，妥协。根据前文“This “idealization of the past” helped the academics_____ their professional values”以及后文“current pressures.”可知，这里指接受当前压力。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Judge Caprio, who retired from Providence Municipal Court in 2023 after almost 40 years, said his courtroom was where people and cases were met with kindness and sympathy. It was his show, “Caught in Providence,” first seen on TV in Providence in 1988, that made him famous later in his life. The show broadcast real proceedings for small driving mistakes, housing and zoning issues, and minor illegal acts inside a city courtroom. The show began attracting national attention in about 2017, when video clips were posted online.It featured fresh episodes directly from Judge Caprio’s courtroom, making him a famous 80-year-old star. By the end of the 2010s, about 200 stations across the country carried the program. In one popular clip, Judge Caprio tossed out a speeding charge against a 96-year-old man after learning that he had been driving his son to cancer treatment. “You really are what America is all about,” Judge Caprio told the man. “Here you are in your 90s, and you’re still taking care of your family. That’s just a wonderful thing.” Judge Caprio’s courthouse is in Federal Hill, a neighborhood that in the 1920s became one of the most heavily populated Italian American communities in the country. He was born in 1936 and his father worked as a fruit pack-man and milkman. He told a Providence College publication that he recalled gathering close with his family in winters “with the oven door open so we could get heat.” On one of those nights, his father told him that he would become a lawyer someday. “Look around, if I needed a lawyer, I could not afford one,” his father told him. “Remember that. You can never forget where you came from.” As a child, Judge Caprio shined shoes, delivered newspapers and worked on a milk truck. He later said that this upbringing gave him the sympathetic perspective he brought to his courtroom. “He was more than an expert in law — he was a symbol of understanding as a judge, showing us what is possible when justice is tempered with humanity.” Gov. Dan McKee of Rhode Island said in a statement after Judge Caprio’s death in August, 2025. 36．“Caught in Providence” is characterized by_________. A．setting up a positive image for lawyers B．solving violent crime trials C．showing real courtroom cases D．filming cases across multiple states 37．The underlined phrase “toss out” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “_________”. A．beat B．fight C．reduce D．withdraw 38．What can be concluded from Judge Caprio’s childhood experience? A．He developed a sense of care for others. B．Fear of system faults kept him from cases. C．He chose to be a lawyer after trying different jobs. D．It was hard for him to make a living in cold weather. 39．Judge Caprio believed that_________. A．justice could be both firm and caring B．the law should treat the elderly with mercy C．a troubled childhood could drive one to pursue D．trial live-streaming was a great way to gain fame 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．A 39．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡普里奥法官的职业生涯、电视节目以及他的童年经历对他司法理念的影响。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was his show, “Caught in Providence,” first seen on TV in Providence in 1988, that made him famous later in his life. The show broadcast real proceedings for small driving mistakes, housing and zoning issues, and minor illegal acts inside a city courtroom. (正是他的节目《普罗维登斯抓捕》，于1988年首次在普罗维登斯的电视上播出，使他晚年成名。该节目播放了城市法庭内关于轻微驾驶错误、住房和分区问题以及轻微违法行为的真实诉讼程序。)”可知，《普罗维登斯抓捕》的特点是展示真实的法庭案件。故选C。 37．词句猜测题。根据第四段“In one popular clip, Judge Caprio tossed out a speeding charge against a 96-year-old man after learning that he had been driving his son to cancer treatment. (在一个受欢迎的视频片段中，卡普里奥法官在得知一名96岁老人开车送儿子去接受癌症治疗后，tossed out对他的超速指控。)”可知，卡普里奥法官得知原因后，应是撤销了对老人的超速指控，故toss out在此处意为“撤销”，与withdraw意思相近。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As a child, Judge Caprio shined shoes, delivered newspapers and worked on a milk truck. He later said that this upbringing gave him the sympathetic perspective he brought to his courtroom. (小时候，卡普里奥法官擦过鞋、送过报纸，还在牛奶车上工作过。他后来表示，这种成长经历让他在法庭上有了同情心。)”可知，卡普里奥法官的童年经历培养了他对他人的关怀之心。故选A。 39．推理判断题。根据第一段“Judge Caprio, who retired from Providence Municipal Court in 2023 after almost 40 years, said his courtroom was where people and cases were met with kindness and sympathy. (卡普里奥法官于2023年从普罗维登斯市法院退休，任职近 40 年。他表示，自己的法庭始终以善意与同情对待每一个人和每一起案件。)”、最后一段中“He was more than an expert in law — he was a symbol of understanding as a judge, showing us what is possible when justice is tempered with humanity. (他不仅仅是一位法律专家——作为一名法官，他是理解的象征，向我们展示了当正义与人性相结合时可能发生的事情。)”可知，卡普里奥法官认为正义既可以是坚定的，也可以是充满关怀的。故选A。 B A YEAR OF NO BEER Here’s what to expect when you go dry THE FIRST 24 HOURS Depending on how much you typically drink, this might just feel like a day off the alcohol, or it might get you in a bad mood and disturb your sleep. If you’re dependent on alcohol you might show withdrawal signs like dizziness and headaches — so this can be the toughest period to get through. THE FIRST FEW DAYS Though you’re likely to be easily annoyed, your sleep quality will improve. From three days to a week, you might start to experience improved digestion, as well as increased energy and skin clarity from improved water intake. Remember to drink enough water during this period. THE FIRST WEEKS This is where changes become noticeable. You might lose weight and see improved sleep quality, but it’s also where your body really begins the process of repair. Studies suggest that in heavy drinkers, the liver and gut (肝脏和肠道) functions start to repair themselves after three weeks. THE FIRST MONTH A full month can see a significant reduction in cardiovascular (心血管的) risk factors and cancer-related growth factors, while moderate to heavy drinkers showed improved insulin (胰岛素) resistance and blood pressure, alongside positive changes in weight. Keep up the good work! THE FIRST FEW MONTHS These markers all continue to improve, but you might also notice other improvements. Several months away from alcohol allows the brain to repair itself, even in heavy drinkers. A YEAR OR MORE Quit drinking for the long term, and you can see huge benefits-one small Korean study found that “former drinkers did not show significantly worse health than people who, at baseline, were lifetime non-drinkers.” It’s not for everyone, but it can be a worthwhile change. 40．What can occur during the first day of quitting drinking? A．Weight loss may begin. B．Discomfort may appear. C．A strong desire to drink returns. D．The brain begins to repair itself. 41．When do organs affected by alcohol use begin to recover after people stop drinking? A．Within the first 24 hours. B．During the first few days. C．After a full year. D．After about three weeks. 42．According to the passage, what is a possible long-term outcome of giving up alcohol? A．Earlier physical damage exists but becomes less noticeable. B．Mental well-being improves more than physical well-being. C．The process of physical recovery becomes slower but steadier. D．Overall health becomes similar to that of people who never drink. 【答案】40．B 41．D 42．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了戒酒后不同时间段身体和心理可能发生的变化及长期戒酒的益处。 40．细节理解题。根据THE FIRST 24 HOURS部分“Depending on how much you typically drink, this might just feel like a day off the alcohol, or it might get you in a bad mood and disturb your sleep. If you’re dependent on alcohol you might show withdrawal signs like dizziness and headaches-so this can be the toughest period to get through. (根据你平时的饮酒量，这可能只是像戒酒一天，或者可能会让你心情不好，扰乱你的睡眠。如果你对酒精有依赖，可能会出现头晕、头痛等戒断症状，所以这可能是最难熬的时期。)”可知，戒酒第一天可能会出现不适。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据THE FIRST WEEKS部分“Studies suggest that in heavy drinkers, the liver and gut (肝脏和肠道) functions start to repair themselves after three weeks. (研究表明，对于酗酒者来说，肝脏和肠道功能在三周后开始自我修复。)”可知，受酒精影响的器官在人们戒酒后大约三周开始恢复。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据A YEAR OR MORE部分“Quit drinking for the long term, and you can see huge benefits-one small Korean study found that “former drinkers did not show significantly worse health than people who, at baseline, were lifetime non-drinkers.”(长期戒酒，你会看到巨大的好处——韩国的一项小型研究发现，“曾经饮酒的人的健康状况并不比那些从一开始就终身不饮酒的人差多少。”)”可知，戒酒的长期结果可能是整体健康状况与从不饮酒的人相似。故选D。 C In recent years, the food industry has increased its use of labels. Whether the labels say ‘non-GMO’ or ‘no sugar,’ or ‘zero carbohydrates’, consumers are increasingly demanding more information about what’s in their food. One report found that 39 percent of consumers would switch from the brands they currently buy to others that provide clearer, more accurate product information. Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand, and they’re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage over the competition, and bolstering profits. This strategy makes intuitive sense. If consumers say they want transparency, tell them exactly what is in your product. That is simply supplying a certain demand. But the marketing strategy in response to this consumer demand has gone beyond showing what is in a product, to labeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling trend that is harmful both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies them. For example, Hunt’s put a “non-GMO” label on its canned crushed tomatoes a few years ago — despite the fact that at the time there was no such thing as a GMO tomato on the market. Some dairy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food. While creating labels that play on consumer fears and misconceptions about their food may give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle, in the long term this strategy will have just the opposite effect: by injecting fear into the discourse about our food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business. Eventually, it becomes a question in consumers’ minds: Were these foods ever safe? By purchasing and consuming these types of products, have I already done some kind of harm to my family or the planet? For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. And this isn’t just supposition. A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a stigma (污名) around foods even when there is no scientific evidence that they cause harm. It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In addition to the likely negative long-term impact on sales, this verbal trick sends a message that innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome, eventually leading to less efficiency, fewer choices for consumers, and ultimately, more costly food products. If we allow this kind of labeling to continue, we will all lose. 43．What is the author’s opinion about manufacturers’ new marketing strategy? A．Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products B．Showing the unique nutritional value of their products C．Supplying detailed information of their products D．Designing transparent labels for their products 44．What point does the author make about non-GMO labels? A．They are increasingly attracting customers’ attention. B．They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers. C．They should be used more for vegetables and milk D．They cause anxiety about food among consumers. 45．What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers? A．Cause changes in their marketing strategies. B．Help remove stigma around their products C．Erode consumer trust and reduce sales. D．Decrease support from food scientists. 46．What is the best title for this passage? A．Why Consumers Demand Greater Food transparency B．The High Cost of “Free-From” Foodlabels C．The Benefits of Non-GMO Labeling in the Food Industry D．How Absence Claims Labels Build Consumer Trust 【答案】43．A 44．D 45．C 46．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。探讨了食品行业中“无添加声明”标签这一新兴营销策略，分析其对消费者和食品行业的潜在危害。 【详解】43．细节理解题。根据第二段“But the marketing strategy in response to this consumer demand has gone beyond showing what is in a product, to labeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling trend that is harmful both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies them. (但是，针对这种消费者需求的营销策略已经超越了显示产品中含有什么，而是标注食品中不含什么。这些标签被称为“无添加声明”标签，它们代表了一种新兴的标签趋势，对购买产品的消费者和供应产品的行业都有害)”可知，作者认为制造商的新营销策略是强调其产品中没有某些成分。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some dairy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food. (尽管事实上所有的牛奶都是天然的不含转基因的，一些乳制品公司在他们的牛奶上使用“非转基因”的标签，这种标签在食物方面制造了不必要的恐惧)”可知，作者认为非转基因标签会引发消费者对食物的焦虑。故选D。 45．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. (对食品制造商来说，这将意味着消费者信任受损，所有人的销售额都会下降)”可知，作者认为“无添加声明”标签会侵蚀消费者信任并减少食品制造商的销售额。故选C。 46．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In addition to the likely negative long-term impact on sales, this verbal trick sends a message that innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome, eventually leading to less efficiency, fewer choices for consumers, and ultimately, more costly food products. If we allow this kind of labeling to continue, we will all lose. (很明显，食品制造商在使用“无添加声明”时必须谨慎。除了可能对销售产生长期负面影响外，这种文字技巧还传递了一个信息，即农业和食品加工的创新不受欢迎，最终会导致效率降低、消费者选择减少，最终食品价格上涨。如果我们允许这种标签继续存在，我们都会蒙受损失)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要论述了“无添加声明”标签这种营销策略的高成本，包括对消费者信任和行业发展的负面影响，B选项“‘无添加’食品标签的高成本”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The other energy crisis There can be no doubt that we are in a time of crisis when it comes to our use of the planet’s limited energy resources. We have to leave our bad habits in the past and focus on more sustainable solutions. 47 According to a 2023 meta-analysis, one in five adults worldwide is living with fatigue unrelated to a medical condition. There are many reasons someone might feel tired all the time, such as a poor diet, lack of physical activity or a deficiency (缺少) in a particular nutrient. Mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, can also lead to feeling exhausted. In a few cases, something more sinister (不祥的) is going on: extreme fatigue can be an early warning sign of cancer, for example. But there are plenty of healthy people, eating well and exercising weekly, who feel burned out by the demands of life. Current advice to keep fatigue at bay is almost always to “do more”. 48 Top of the list of things you can do to help on the UK National Health Service’s page for “tiredness and fatigue”, for example, is to “have a healthy diet and exercise regularly”. But fatigue itself can perpetuate (使持续) the conditions in which it thrives: 35 per cent of UK adults say that being “too tired” holds them back from having a healthier diet and doing more exercise. How can people put effort into finding, planning and cooking new recipes if their existing lifestyle leaves them without any spare energy? How can someone find the time to go to the gym or attend a fitness class when every moment of the day is already allocated by work, school, kids, housework, the admin of life ... 49 But “do more” isn’t the only solution to our exhaustion epidemic. Instead, we need to “do different” or “do smart”. For example, if you feel incapable of dealing with all of life’s demands, swap the unnecessary for the achievable. A 2018 study showed that burnout and exhaustion are often marked by a lack of confidence in one’s ability to meet goals, face challenges and produce good work. To counteract this, focus on doing something you know you are good at. Importantly, don’t use all your energy on the stuff you have to do. 50 We must acknowledge that burning through our own energy supplies makes us stressed and exhausted today, and more at risk of serious health conditions later. A．If all your time is spent working, cleaning or looking after your own or others’ health, you will miss out on the benefits of recreation. B．The idea seems to be that one can push through exhaustion by sheer will without repercussion (恶果). C．However, mentally fatigued subjects rated perception of effort during exercise to be significantly higher compared with the control condition. D．This isn’t to say people in general don’t need to eat well and keep physically active. E．But while we are rightly concentrating on Earth’s delicate energy balance, we are ignoring the signs that our own bodies are running on empty. F．In simple words, fatigue is an unpleasant feeling that describes sensations of muscle weakness and low energy, but without having sleepiness. 【答案】47．E 48．B 49．D 50．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了人们普遍存在身心疲惫的问题，指出传统“多运动、健康饮食”的建议存在局限性，并提出应对疲惫不应一味“多做事”，而要转变方式、合理分配精力的观点。 【详解】47．根据前文“There can be no doubt that we are in a time of crisis when it comes to our use of the planet’s limited energy resources. We have to leave our bad habits in the past and focus on more sustainable solutions.(毫无疑问，在利用地球有限的能源资源方面，我们正处于危机之中。我们必须摒弃陋习，专注于更具可持续性的解决办法。)”以及后文“According to a 2023 meta-analysis, one in five adults worldwide is living with fatigue unrelated to a medical condition.(2023年的一项整合分析显示，全球五分之一的成年人正遭受非疾病因素引发的身体疲惫。)”可知，前文在谈论地球能源危机，后文转向人体精力不足的问题，空处需要起到转折、承上启下的作用。选项E“But while we are rightly concentrating on Earth’s delicate energy balance, we are ignoring the signs that our own bodies are running on empty.(然而，正当我们合理关注地球脆弱的能源平衡时，却忽略了我们自身身体也正耗尽精力的信号。)” 贴合上下文逻辑。 48．根据前文“Current advice to keep fatigue at bay is almost always to “do more”.(目前缓解疲惫的建议几乎都是“多行动”。)”以及后文“Top of the list of things you can do to help on the UK National Health Service’s page for “tiredness and fatigue”, for example, is to “have a healthy diet and exercise regularly”.(例如，英国国家医疗服务体系关于“疲惫乏力”的页面上，首条建议就是“健康饮食、规律运动”。)”可知，空前引出对缓解疲惫的建议的主流建议，空后具体举例说明，故空处是对“多行动”这一主流建议的进一步解读。选项B“The idea seems to be that one can push through exhaustion by sheer will without repercussion.(这种观点似乎认为，人们仅凭意志力就能熬过疲惫，且不会产生不良后果。)”衔接前后内容。 49．根据后文“But “do more” isn’t the only solution to our exhaustion epidemic.(但“多行动”并不是解决普遍疲惫问题的唯一办法。)”可知，but表转折，空处内容应先认可健康饮食与运动的作用，再引出下文的不同观点。选项D“This isn’t to say people in general don’t need to eat well and keep physically active.(这并不是说人们不需要健康饮食、坚持运动。)”符合此处转折逻辑。 50．根据前文“Importantly, don’t use all your energy on the stuff you have to do.(重要的是，不要把所有精力都耗费在不得不做的事情上。)”可知，空前建议不要把精力都耗在琐事上，空处需要承接这句话，解释耗尽精力处理琐事会带来的负面影响。选项A“If all your time is spent working, cleaning or looking after your own or others’ health, you will miss out on the benefits of recreation.(如果你所有时间都花在工作、打扫或是照料自己和他人上，就无法享受休闲活动带来的益处。)” 与前文语义连贯。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sweetness: The Silent Killer in Disguise Imagine starting your day with a flavored yogurt, sipping soda at lunch, and ending with a “healthy” granola bar. You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recommended 25g limit. This unconscious intake is just the first step toward a chain of health risks, as excessive sugar disrupts our bodies in ways we often ignore. Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. When consumed in excess, fructose (果糖) overloads the liver, converting into fat and triggering insulin (胰岛素) resistance. This process not only raises blood sugar levels but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes, as confirmed by Harvard research linking high-sugar diets to a 26% higher diabetes risk. Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. A study in JAMA Internal Medicine revealed that adults consuming 25% of calories from sugar faced three times the risk of heart-related death. Sugar irritates blood vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. Research from the University of California shows that drinking just one sugary drink daily increases heart disease risk by 20%. New research shows how sugar harms the brain. UCLA studies found that diets high in sugar make the hippocampus smaller, which weakens memory and learning. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing strong sugar cravings that take over clear thinking. A 2025 Neuroscience study found that sugar consumption potentially causes memory problems, restlessness and shorter attention spans. Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water, and enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness. Simple changes, such as picking dark chocolate over candy, can help. Every spoonful of sugar is a decision — choose wisely for your health’s future. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hidden sugars in daily food exceed health limits, posing severe health risks. It disrupts metabolism, increasing diabetes risk through insulin resistance. Sugar also dramatically increases heart disease risk by damaging blood vessels and raising cholesterol. Furthermore, it harms brain function, weakening cognitive capacity by shrinking hippocampus and causing addiction. Mindful dietary choices are essential to reduce sugar intake. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日常食物中隐藏的糖分超出健康限度，会带来严重的健康风险。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recommended 25g limit. ②Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. This process not only raises blood sugar levels but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes. ③Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. Sugar irritates blood vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. ④New research shows how sugar harms the brain. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing strong sugar cravings that take over clear thinking. ⑤Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water, and enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点作为背景引入，第2、3、4个要点分别阐述糖对代谢、心脏和大脑的危害，第5个要点说明应对措施，重组为一段。 3.遣词造句 Excessive sugar intake disrupts metabolism, raising diabetes risk; harms the heart by irritating vessels and raising bad cholesterol; and damages the brain, weakening memory. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hidden sugars in daily food exceeds health limits, posing severe health risks.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Sugar also dramatically increases heart disease risk by damaging blood vessels and raising cholesterol.运用了含有非谓语动词的句子，对原文第二、三段进行了概括。其中动名词damaging，作宾语，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．委员会要求在截止日期前提交所有的相关文件。(demand) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline. 【详解】考查时态，从句和虚拟语气。“委员会” 表达为 The committee ，视为单数；“要求” 用 demand，此处表示“要求某事被做”，demand 后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即(should)+ 动词原形，should 可省略；“相关文件” 是 relevant documents ；“提交” 用 submit，文件是 “被提交”，要用被动语态 be submitted ；“截止日期前” 表达为 before the deadline 。句子陈述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语 committee 为单数，demand 用第三人称单数形式 demands。故译为 The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline. 53．儿童接触二手烟的程度会直接影响其肺功能。(expose) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The degree to which children are exposed to second-hand smoke directly affects their lung function. 【详解】考查动词短语、时态、定语从句。句子陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，且句子为主从复合句，主句主语“程度”译为the degree，其后接定语从句“儿童接触二手烟”，“接触”用固定短语be exposed to，“二手烟”译为second-hand smoke；修饰先行词the degree，且关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，所以用关系代词which，构成“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句，因此定语从句为to which children are exposed to second-hand smoke，相当于children are exposed to second-hand smoke to the degree；主句谓语“影响”用动词affect，主语the degree为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“直接”用副词directly作状语修饰谓语，宾语“其肺功能”译为their lung function。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为The degree to which children are exposed to second-hand smoke directly affects their lung function. 54．正是电影主人公那股永不言弃的精神，让他彻底打消了辍学的念头。(It) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was the never-give-up spirit of the movie’s protagonist that completely dispelled his idea of dropping out of school. 【详解】考查动词、名词和强调句。句子陈述过去情况，这里时态应用一般过去时；表示“电影主人公那股永不言弃的精神”应用the never-give-up spirit of the movie’s protagonist，为名词短语，在本句中作主语；表示“让他彻底打消了辍学的念头”应用completely dispelled his idea of dropping out of school，其中completely(彻底地)，为副词作状语，dispel(消除)使用过去式，为谓语动词， his idea of dropping out of school(辍学的念头)，为名词短语作宾语；表示“正是”应用it was...that，为强调句型，对主语the never-give-up spirit of the movie’s protagonist强调。故翻译为It was the never-give-up spirit of the movie’s protagonist that completely dispelled his idea of dropping out of school. 55．尽管人工智能生成的内容能大大提高工作效率，但同时也需要使用者具别对错和批判性思考的能力。(require) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although the content generated by artificial intelligence can greatly improve work efficiency, it requires users to have the ability to distinguish right from wrong and think critically. 【详解】考查动词、状语从句、宾语从句和时态。“尽管人工智能生成的内容能大大提高工作效率”是让步状语从句，用从属连词although引导从句，主语“人工智能生成的内容”译为the content generated by artificial intelligence，其中generated by artificial intelligence是过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动，“大大提高”译为greatly improve，在情态动词can后谓语动词improve用原形，宾语“工作效率”用名词词组work efficiency；“但同时也需要使用者具别对错和批判性思考的能力”是主句，补充主语it，指代前文“the content generated by artificial intelligence”，谓语“需要”用动词require，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数代词，谓语用单数形式requires，宾语“使用者”用名词users，因require sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，所以宾语补足语“具别对错和批判性思考的能力”用不定式短语to have the ability to distinguish right from wrong and think critically表示。综上，全句译为：Although the content generated by artificial intelligence can greatly improve work efficiency, it requires users to have the ability to distinguish right from wrong and think critically. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 76．假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。学校社团招新季即将到来，你想创办一个全新的社团，需要向学生会提交一份申请说明，内容须包括： (1)简要介绍你想创办的社团; (2)你想创办该社团的理由。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Student Union,           I’m Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from Mingqi High School. Knowing that the club recruitment season is drawing near, I’m writing to apply for setting up a completely new poetry communication club.           Focusing on sharing poems and exchanging feelings, this club is open to all poetry lovers who are willing to discover the beauty of words. We plan to hold regular reading activities and creative writing sessions. There, members can appreciate classic poems and create their own works freely.          The reason why I want to launch this club is that poetry can connect different people and ease our study pressure. What matters most is that reading and writing poems can enrich our inner world. It is the warmth hidden in poems that makes it possible for us to make like‑minded friends and enjoy a more colorful school life.           I sincerely hope that my application will be approved.                                                                                                                                                                                              Yours sincerely,                        Li Hua    【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，向学生会提交创办诗歌交流社团的申请，介绍社团基本情况并说明创办理由。   【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：draw near → approach 创办：set up → establish​ 全新的：completely new → brand‑new 缓解压力：ease pressure → relieve stress 2.句式拓展    合并简单句 原句：We plan to hold regular reading activities and creative writing sessions. There, members can appreciate classic poems and create their own works freely.    拓展句：We plan to hold regular reading activities and creative writing sessions, where members can appreciate classic poems and create their own works freely.    【点睛】【高分句型1】Focusing on sharing poems and exchanging feelings, this club is open to all poetry lovers who are willing to discover the beauty of words. (运用了现在分词作状语和who引导的定语从句)    【高分句型2】What matters most is that reading and writing poems can enrich our inner world. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)   2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（沪外版） 英 语·参考答案 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分，每题1分） Section A 语法填空（10空，10分） 1. was inspired 2. had won 3. before 4. Having traveled/Having travelled 5. which 6. funding 7. under 8. how 9. based 10. to make Section B 选词框填空（10空，10分） 11. G potentially 12. K access 13. E intended 14. A marketed 15. F controlled 16. I serve 17. B occur 18. J backed 19. C increased 20. H connecting II. Reading Comprehension（45分） Section A 完形填空（15题，每题1分，共15分） 21.C 22.B 23.D 24.D 25.D26.B 27.B 28.C 29.C 30.A31.D 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D Section B 阅读理解（12题，每题2分，共24分） A篇36.C 37.D 38.A 39.A B篇40.B 41.D 42.D C篇43.A 44.D 45.C 46.B Section C 六选四（4空，每题1.5分，共6分） 47.E 48.B 49.D 50.A III. Summary Writing 概要写作（10分） 评分标准 1. 要点齐全（4个核心要点，6分） 2. 语言准确、句式多样（2分） 3. 词数≤60、无抄袭原文（2分） 参考范文（满分标准） Hidden sugars in daily food exceed health limits, posing severe health risks. Excessive sugar disrupts metabolism and raises diabetes risk. It also increases heart disease risk by damaging blood vessels. Besides, it hurts the brain, weakening memory and causing sugar addiction. People should choose food carefully to cut sugar intake. IV. Translation 中译英（15分） 52. The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline.（3分） - demand虚拟语气(1分)；被动be submitted(1分)；词汇准确(1分) 53. The degree to which children are exposed to second-hand smoke directly affects their lung function.（3分） - be exposed to固定搭配(1分)；介词+which定语从句(1分)；主谓一致、词汇(1分) 54. It was the never-give-up spirit of the movie’s protagonist that completely dispelled his idea of dropping out of school.（4分） - It强调句型结构(1分)；never-give-up复合形容词(1分)；dispel/drop out短语(2分) 55. Although the content generated by artificial intelligence can greatly improve work efficiency, it requires users to have the ability to distinguish right from wrong and think critically.（5分） - although让步从句(1分)；generated过去分词后置定语(1分)；require sb. to do结构(1分)；distinguish、critically等词汇(2分) V. Guided Writing 应用文写作（25分） 评分档次（上海高考英语作文五档计分） 一档(21–25分)：格式正确，内容完整覆盖两点；句式丰富多变，语法零错误，词汇高级，衔接流畅，字数120–150 二档(16–20分)：内容齐全，少量语法/拼写小错，句式有变化，衔接自然 三档(11–15分)：要点基本齐全，错误较多但不影响理解，句式单一 四档(6–10分)：要点缺失，错误多，语句不通顺 五档(0–5分)：字数极少、跑题、抄写原文 满分范文 Dear Student Union, I’m Li Hua, a Senior 3 student of Mingqi High School. As the club recruitment season approaches, I am writing to apply to establish a brand-new poetry communication club. This club welcomes all poetry lovers. We will hold weekly poetry appreciation meetings and creative writing activities, where members can share classical poems and compose original works freely. I want to build this club mainly for two reasons. First, poetry helps us relieve heavy academic pressure and calm our anxious minds. Second, reading and creating poems can cultivate our taste for literature and help us make like-minded friends. I have prepared detailed activity plans and will invite our Chinese teacher as the advisor. I sincerely hope my application can be approved. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang. Her passion for Dunhuang 1 (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer of introducing Dunhuang art. In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who 2 (win) several medals in France, made up his mind to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn’t long 3 he moved to Dunhuang, a remote county in northwest China’s Gansu Province. 4 (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, 5 is now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to the protection and study of Dunhuang’s treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn’t bear the harsh conditions and left him. What’s worse, during the war, the government stopped 6 (fund) the Dunhuang Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission. Chang Shana made copies of the murals 7 the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and 8 the styles for the murals had evolved. That experience has greatly influenced her career. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs 9 (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work 10 (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．marketed B．occur C． increased D．involve E. intended F. controlled G. potentially H. connecting I. serve J. backed K. access Young children may face serious health risks from popular energy drinks, such as Monster, Red Bull and Rock Star, 11 causing heart problems and other life-threatening conditions, according to the findings of new researches. Researchers have warned about the risk of allowing young children 12 to the energy drinks, which contain high amounts of caffeine and other stimulants. Researches indicate that the energy drinks are not 13 for young children and are not safe for them to consume. Steven Lipshultz, M.D．, lead author of the study, is calling for a warning on all energy drink cans and bottles, warning parents of the risk of allowing children to drink them. Researchers say it is difficult to know exactly how much caffeine is contained in each can or bottle of energy drinks, since they are often 14 as dietary supplements, which allow the manufacturers to avoid FDA regulations. Energy drink manufacturers have compared the amount of caffeine in their products to that in hot drinks sold in 15 environments like coffee houses, but their products are often packaged in very large sizes and they are not sold in environments like coffee houses, which typically would not 16 young children. Energy drinks are widely available in convenience stores next to traditional soft drinks, typically packaged in very similar cans and using similar marketing techniques. Some energy drinks in many of the popular lines can contain up to 400 mg of caffeine per can. In comparison, a cup of coffee typically has around 100 mg of caffeine. Caffeine poisoning can 17 in adults at levels higher than 400 mg a day; however, children under 12 can experience caffeine poisoning at only 2.5 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight. A study published in September 18 up the new findings, revealing energy drinks may cause serious heart problems. French researchers revealed the popular energy drinks may be linked to 19 risk of irregular heartbeats and even sudden death. The FDA is currently investigating health concerns surrounding the drinks after numerous negative event reports have been made in recent years 20 energy drinks to severe injuries and deaths. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The good old days? For hundreds of years, nostalgia wasn’t just an emotion, but a potentially deadly disease. Coined by a Swiss physician in 1688, nostalgia struck down servants in 17th-century Germany and killed soldiers in their thousands during the American Civil War. It was a kind of uncontrollable homesickness and while its exact 21 is unclear, it caused people to slowly waste away. Weak and unable to eat, some 22 to death. These days, we view nostalgia very differently. Now, psychologists and neuroscientists think nostalgia is a predominantly positive, although 23 , emotion that arises from personally important, tender, wistful (伤感的) memories of one’s past. But nostalgia isn’t just benign. It is also 24 therapeutic — a powerful psychological resource that provides people with a variety of benefits. Researchers have found it can boost self-esteem, increase meaning in life, foster a sense of social 25 and reduce loneliness, stress and anxiety. It can even be used to maintain and improve memory among older adults, enrich psychological health and lessen depression, studies show. This therapeutic version of nostalgia has been put to use in 26 places. Organizations of various kinds have tapped into nostalgia’s feel-good factor and companies have deployed the emotion in their efforts to improve workforce well-being. The sociologist Yiannis Gabriel was one of the first to 27 the term “organizational nostalgia”. He found that nostalgia is a by-product of workplaces where employees have spent many years, especially when the organization is 28 to the local community, like coal mines, hospitals and universities. His research subjects told nostalgic stories about former colleagues and reminisced over old office buildings. Later studies found that organizational nostalgia could be put to use. It strengthened the 29 identities of academics, doctors and nurses, for example, and could be deployed as a personal psychological resource. Nostalgia at work can look like shared 30 about memorable days in a company’s history, or more abstract feelings about the “golden age” of a profession. Psychologists found that this organizational nostalgia helps employees cope with a challenging boss. It could act as an emotional buffer, allowing staff to maintain a feeling of 31 and — helpfully for employers — stop them seeking improved working conditions or altered leadership. Despite the frustrations of, say being denied a(n) 32 in important decisions at work, researchers have found that nostalgia provides an “alternative route to social connectedness” that keeps employees 33 . One study that interviewed 23 academics in Finland found they yearned for a past when they had more academic freedom. This “idealization of the past” helped the academics 34 their professional values, researchers found, which helped them 35 current pressures. And when medical professionals had their autonomy threatened by new ways of working, they could draw on nostalgia to make themselves feel better. 21．A．function B．procedure C．mechanism D．origin 22．A．thrilled B．starved C．bored D．sentenced 23．A．fleeting B．tricky C．intense D．bittersweet 24．A．actively B．reluctantly C．occasionally D．exceedingly 25．A．accountability B．collectiveness C．integration D．connectedness 26．A．anticipated B．unexpected C．irrational D．conventional 27．A．forge B．coin C．quote D．popularize 28．A．trivial B．home C．central D．superior 29．A．amateur B．public C．professional D．individual 30．A．recollections B．implications C．predictions D．speculations 31．A．distraction B．hesitation C．resignation D．motivation 32．A．alternative B．promotion C．voice D．refund 33．A．cooperative B．respectable C．productive D．competent 34．A．undermine B．clarify C．sophisticate D．justify 35．A．live up to B．get well along with C．make up for D．come to terms with Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Judge Caprio, who retired from Providence Municipal Court in 2023 after almost 40 years, said his courtroom was where people and cases were met with kindness and sympathy. It was his show, “Caught in Providence,” first seen on TV in Providence in 1988, that made him famous later in his life. The show broadcast real proceedings for small driving mistakes, housing and zoning issues, and minor illegal acts inside a city courtroom. The show began attracting national attention in about 2017, when video clips were posted online.It featured fresh episodes directly from Judge Caprio’s courtroom, making him a famous 80-year-old star. By the end of the 2010s, about 200 stations across the country carried the program. In one popular clip, Judge Caprio tossed out a speeding charge against a 96-year-old man after learning that he had been driving his son to cancer treatment. “You really are what America is all about,” Judge Caprio told the man. “Here you are in your 90s, and you’re still taking care of your family. That’s just a wonderful thing.” Judge Caprio’s courthouse is in Federal Hill, a neighborhood that in the 1920s became one of the most heavily populated Italian American communities in the country. He was born in 1936 and his father worked as a fruit pack-man and milkman. He told a Providence College publication that he recalled gathering close with his family in winters “with the oven door open so we could get heat.” On one of those nights, his father told him that he would become a lawyer someday. “Look around, if I needed a lawyer, I could not afford one,” his father told him. “Remember that. You can never forget where you came from.” As a child, Judge Caprio shined shoes, delivered newspapers and worked on a milk truck. He later said that this upbringing gave him the sympathetic perspective he brought to his courtroom. “He was more than an expert in law — he was a symbol of understanding as a judge, showing us what is possible when justice is tempered with humanity.” Gov. Dan McKee of Rhode Island said in a statement after Judge Caprio’s death in August, 2025. 36．“Caught in Providence” is characterized by_________. A．setting up a positive image for lawyers B．solving violent crime trials C．showing real courtroom cases D．filming cases across multiple states 37．The underlined phrase “toss out” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “_________”. A．beat B．fight C．reduce D．withdraw 38．What can be concluded from Judge Caprio’s childhood experience? A．He developed a sense of care for others. B．Fear of system faults kept him from cases. C．He chose to be a lawyer after trying different jobs. D．It was hard for him to make a living in cold weather. 39．Judge Caprio believed that_________. A．justice could be both firm and caring B．the law should treat the elderly with mercy C．a troubled childhood could drive one to pursue D．trial live-streaming was a great way to gain fame B A YEAR OF NO BEER Here’s what to expect when you go dry THE FIRST 24 HOURS Depending on how much you typically drink, this might just feel like a day off the alcohol, or it might get you in a bad mood and disturb your sleep. If you’re dependent on alcohol you might show withdrawal signs like dizziness and headaches — so this can be the toughest period to get through. THE FIRST FEW DAYS Though you’re likely to be easily annoyed, your sleep quality will improve. From three days to a week, you might start to experience improved digestion, as well as increased energy and skin clarity from improved water intake. Remember to drink enough water during this period. THE FIRST WEEKS This is where changes become noticeable. You might lose weight and see improved sleep quality, but it’s also where your body really begins the process of repair. Studies suggest that in heavy drinkers, the liver and gut (肝脏和肠道) functions start to repair themselves after three weeks. THE FIRST MONTH A full month can see a significant reduction in cardiovascular (心血管的) risk factors and cancer-related growth factors, while moderate to heavy drinkers showed improved insulin (胰岛素) resistance and blood pressure, alongside positive changes in weight. Keep up the good work! THE FIRST FEW MONTHS These markers all continue to improve, but you might also notice other improvements. Several months away from alcohol allows the brain to repair itself, even in heavy drinkers. A YEAR OR MORE Quit drinking for the long term, and you can see huge benefits-one small Korean study found that “former drinkers did not show significantly worse health than people who, at baseline, were lifetime non-drinkers.” It’s not for everyone, but it can be a worthwhile change. 40．What can occur during the first day of quitting drinking? A．Weight loss may begin. B．Discomfort may appear. C．A strong desire to drink returns. D．The brain begins to repair itself. 41．When do organs affected by alcohol use begin to recover after people stop drinking? A．Within the first 24 hours. B．During the first few days. C．After a full year. D．After about three weeks. 42．According to the passage, what is a possible long-term outcome of giving up alcohol? A．Earlier physical damage exists but becomes less noticeable. B．Mental well-being improves more than physical well-being. C．The process of physical recovery becomes slower but steadier. D．Overall health becomes similar to that of people who never drink. C In recent years, the food industry has increased its use of labels. Whether the labels say ‘non-GMO’ or ‘no sugar,’ or ‘zero carbohydrates’, consumers are increasingly demanding more information about what’s in their food. One report found that 39 percent of consumers would switch from the brands they currently buy to others that provide clearer, more accurate product information. Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand, and they’re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage over the competition, and bolstering profits. This strategy makes intuitive sense. If consumers say they want transparency, tell them exactly what is in your product. That is simply supplying a certain demand. But the marketing strategy in response to this consumer demand has gone beyond showing what is in a product, to labeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling trend that is harmful both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies them. For example, Hunt’s put a “non-GMO” label on its canned crushed tomatoes a few years ago — despite the fact that at the time there was no such thing as a GMO tomato on the market. Some dairy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food. While creating labels that play on consumer fears and misconceptions about their food may give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle, in the long term this strategy will have just the opposite effect: by injecting fear into the discourse about our food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business. Eventually, it becomes a question in consumers’ minds: Were these foods ever safe? By purchasing and consuming these types of products, have I already done some kind of harm to my family or the planet? For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. And this isn’t just supposition. A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a stigma (污名) around foods even when there is no scientific evidence that they cause harm. It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In addition to the likely negative long-term impact on sales, this verbal trick sends a message that innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome, eventually leading to less efficiency, fewer choices for consumers, and ultimately, more costly food products. If we allow this kind of labeling to continue, we will all lose. 43．What is the author’s opinion about manufacturers’ new marketing strategy? A．Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products B．Showing the unique nutritional value of their products C．Supplying detailed information of their products D．Designing transparent labels for their products 44．What point does the author make about non-GMO labels? A．They are increasingly attracting customers’ attention. B．They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers. C．They should be used more for vegetables and milk D．They cause anxiety about food among consumers. 45．What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers? A．Cause changes in their marketing strategies. B．Help remove stigma around their products C．Erode consumer trust and reduce sales. D．Decrease support from food scientists. 46．What is the best title for this passage? A．Why Consumers Demand Greater Food transparency B．The High Cost of “Free-From” Foodlabels C．The Benefits of Non-GMO Labeling in the Food Industry D．How Absence Claims Labels Build Consumer Trust Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The other energy crisis There can be no doubt that we are in a time of crisis when it comes to our use of the planet’s limited energy resources. We have to leave our bad habits in the past and focus on more sustainable solutions. 47 According to a 2023 meta-analysis, one in five adults worldwide is living with fatigue unrelated to a medical condition. There are many reasons someone might feel tired all the time, such as a poor diet, lack of physical activity or a deficiency (缺少) in a particular nutrient. Mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, can also lead to feeling exhausted. In a few cases, something more sinister (不祥的) is going on: extreme fatigue can be an early warning sign of cancer, for example. But there are plenty of healthy people, eating well and exercising weekly, who feel burned out by the demands of life. Current advice to keep fatigue at bay is almost always to “do more”. 48 Top of the list of things you can do to help on the UK National Health Service’s page for “tiredness and fatigue”, for example, is to “have a healthy diet and exercise regularly”. But fatigue itself can perpetuate (使持续) the conditions in which it thrives: 35 per cent of UK adults say that being “too tired” holds them back from having a healthier diet and doing more exercise. How can people put effort into finding, planning and cooking new recipes if their existing lifestyle leaves them without any spare energy? How can someone find the time to go to the gym or attend a fitness class when every moment of the day is already allocated by work, school, kids, housework, the admin of life ... 49 But “do more” isn’t the only solution to our exhaustion epidemic. Instead, we need to “do different” or “do smart”. For example, if you feel incapable of dealing with all of life’s demands, swap the unnecessary for the achievable. A 2018 study showed that burnout and exhaustion are often marked by a lack of confidence in one’s ability to meet goals, face challenges and produce good work. To counteract this, focus on doing something you know you are good at. Importantly, don’t use all your energy on the stuff you have to do. 50 We must acknowledge that burning through our own energy supplies makes us stressed and exhausted today, and more at risk of serious health conditions later. A．If all your time is spent working, cleaning or looking after your own or others’ health, you will miss out on the benefits of recreation. B．The idea seems to be that one can push through exhaustion by sheer will without repercussion (恶果). C．However, mentally fatigued subjects rated perception of effort during exercise to be significantly higher compared with the control condition. D．This isn’t to say people in general don’t need to eat well and keep physically active. E．But while we are rightly concentrating on Earth’s delicate energy balance, we are ignoring the signs that our own bodies are running on empty. F．In simple words, fatigue is an unpleasant feeling that describes sensations of muscle weakness and low energy, but without having sleepiness. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sweetness: The Silent Killer in Disguise Imagine starting your day with a flavored yogurt, sipping soda at lunch, and ending with a “healthy” granola bar. You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recommended 25g limit. This unconscious intake is just the first step toward a chain of health risks, as excessive sugar disrupts our bodies in ways we often ignore. Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. When consumed in excess, fructose (果糖) overloads the liver, converting into fat and triggering insulin (胰岛素) resistance. This process not only raises blood sugar levels but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes, as confirmed by Harvard research linking high-sugar diets to a 26% higher diabetes risk. Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. A study in JAMA Internal Medicine revealed that adults consuming 25% of calories from sugar faced three times the risk of heart-related death. Sugar irritates blood vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. Research from the University of California shows that drinking just one sugary drink daily increases heart disease risk by 20%. New research shows how sugar harms the brain. UCLA studies found that diets high in sugar make the hippocampus smaller, which weakens memory and learning. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing strong sugar cravings that take over clear thinking. A 2025 Neuroscience study found that sugar consumption potentially causes memory problems, restlessness and shorter attention spans. Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water, and enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness. Simple changes, such as picking dark chocolate over candy, can help. Every spoonful of sugar is a decision — choose wisely for your health’s future. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．委员会要求在截止日期前提交所有的相关文件。(demand) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．儿童接触二手烟的程度会直接影响其肺功能。(expose) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 54．正是电影主人公那股永不言弃的精神，让他彻底打消了辍学的念头。(It) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 55．尽管人工智能生成的内容能大大提高工作效率，但同时也需要使用者具别对错和批判性思考的能力。(require) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 76．假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。学校社团招新季即将到来，你想创办一个全新的社团，需要向学生会提交一份申请说明，内容须包括： (1)简要介绍你想创办的社团; (2)你想创办该社团的理由。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共6页） 试题 第4页（共6页） 试题 第1页（共6页） 试题 第2页（共6页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang. Her passion for Dunhuang 1 (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer of introducing Dunhuang art. In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who 2 (win) several medals in France, made up his mind to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn’t long 3 he moved to Dunhuang, a remote county in northwest China’s Gansu Province. 4 (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, 5 is now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to the protection and study of Dunhuang’s treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn’t bear the harsh conditions and left him. What’s worse, during the war, the government stopped 6 (fund) the Dunhuang Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission. Chang Shana made copies of the murals 7 the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and 8 the styles for the murals had evolved. That experience has greatly influenced her career. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs 9 (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work 10 (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．marketed B．occur C． increased D．involve E. intended F. controlled G. potentially H. connecting I. serve J. backed K. access Young children may face serious health risks from popular energy drinks, such as Monster, Red Bull and Rock Star, 11 causing heart problems and other life-threatening conditions, according to the findings of new researches. Researchers have warned about the risk of allowing young children 12 to the energy drinks, which contain high amounts of caffeine and other stimulants. Researches indicate that the energy drinks are not 13 for young children and are not safe for them to consume. Steven Lipshultz, M.D．, lead author of the study, is calling for a warning on all energy drink cans and bottles, warning parents of the risk of allowing children to drink them. Researchers say it is difficult to know exactly how much caffeine is contained in each can or bottle of energy drinks, since they are often 14 as dietary supplements, which allow the manufacturers to avoid FDA regulations. Energy drink manufacturers have compared the amount of caffeine in their products to that in hot drinks sold in 15 environments like coffee houses, but their products are often packaged in very large sizes and they are not sold in environments like coffee houses, which typically would not 16 young children. Energy drinks are widely available in convenience stores next to traditional soft drinks, typically packaged in very similar cans and using similar marketing techniques. Some energy drinks in many of the popular lines can contain up to 400 mg of caffeine per can. In comparison, a cup of coffee typically has around 100 mg of caffeine. Caffeine poisoning can 17 in adults at levels higher than 400 mg a day; however, children under 12 can experience caffeine poisoning at only 2.5 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight. A study published in September 18 up the new findings, revealing energy drinks may cause serious heart problems. French researchers revealed the popular energy drinks may be linked to 19 risk of irregular heartbeats and even sudden death. The FDA is currently investigating health concerns surrounding the drinks after numerous negative event reports have been made in recent years 20 energy drinks to severe injuries and deaths. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The good old days? For hundreds of years, nostalgia wasn’t just an emotion, but a potentially deadly disease. Coined by a Swiss physician in 1688, nostalgia struck down servants in 17th-century Germany and killed soldiers in their thousands during the American Civil War. It was a kind of uncontrollable homesickness and while its exact 21 is unclear, it caused people to slowly waste away. Weak and unable to eat, some 22 to death. These days, we view nostalgia very differently. Now, psychologists and neuroscientists think nostalgia is a predominantly positive, although 23 , emotion that arises from personally important, tender, wistful (伤感的) memories of one’s past. But nostalgia isn’t just benign. It is also 24 therapeutic — a powerful psychological resource that provides people with a variety of benefits. Researchers have found it can boost self-esteem, increase meaning in life, foster a sense of social 25 and reduce loneliness, stress and anxiety. It can even be used to maintain and improve memory among older adults, enrich psychological health and lessen depression, studies show. This therapeutic version of nostalgia has been put to use in 26 places. Organizations of various kinds have tapped into nostalgia’s feel-good factor and companies have deployed the emotion in their efforts to improve workforce well-being. The sociologist Yiannis Gabriel was one of the first to 27 the term “organizational nostalgia”. He found that nostalgia is a by-product of workplaces where employees have spent many years, especially when the organization is 28 to the local community, like coal mines, hospitals and universities. His research subjects told nostalgic stories about former colleagues and reminisced over old office buildings. Later studies found that organizational nostalgia could be put to use. It strengthened the 29 identities of academics, doctors and nurses, for example, and could be deployed as a personal psychological resource. Nostalgia at work can look like shared 30 about memorable days in a company’s history, or more abstract feelings about the “golden age” of a profession. Psychologists found that this organizational nostalgia helps employees cope with a challenging boss. It could act as an emotional buffer, allowing staff to maintain a feeling of 31 and — helpfully for employers — stop them seeking improved working conditions or altered leadership. Despite the frustrations of, say being denied a(n) 32 in important decisions at work, researchers have found that nostalgia provides an “alternative route to social connectedness” that keeps employees 33 . One study that interviewed 23 academics in Finland found they yearned for a past when they had more academic freedom. This “idealization of the past” helped the academics 34 their professional values, researchers found, which helped them 35 current pressures. And when medical professionals had their autonomy threatened by new ways of working, they could draw on nostalgia to make themselves feel better. 21．A．function B．procedure C．mechanism D．origin 22．A．thrilled B．starved C．bored D．sentenced 23．A．fleeting B．tricky C．intense D．bittersweet 24．A．actively B．reluctantly C．occasionally D．exceedingly 25．A．accountability B．collectiveness C．integration D．connectedness 26．A．anticipated B．unexpected C．irrational D．conventional 27．A．forge B．coin C．quote D．popularize 28．A．trivial B．home C．central D．superior 29．A．amateur B．public C．professional D．individual 30．A．recollections B．implications C．predictions D．speculations 31．A．distraction B．hesitation C．resignation D．motivation 32．A．alternative B．promotion C．voice D．refund 33．A．cooperative B．respectable C．productive D．competent 34．A．undermine B．clarify C．sophisticate D．justify 35．A．live up to B．get well along with C．make up for D．come to terms with Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Judge Caprio, who retired from Providence Municipal Court in 2023 after almost 40 years, said his courtroom was where people and cases were met with kindness and sympathy. It was his show, “Caught in Providence,” first seen on TV in Providence in 1988, that made him famous later in his life. The show broadcast real proceedings for small driving mistakes, housing and zoning issues, and minor illegal acts inside a city courtroom. The show began attracting national attention in about 2017, when video clips were posted online.It featured fresh episodes directly from Judge Caprio’s courtroom, making him a famous 80-year-old star. By the end of the 2010s, about 200 stations across the country carried the program. In one popular clip, Judge Caprio tossed out a speeding charge against a 96-year-old man after learning that he had been driving his son to cancer treatment. “You really are what America is all about,” Judge Caprio told the man. “Here you are in your 90s, and you’re still taking care of your family. That’s just a wonderful thing.” Judge Caprio’s courthouse is in Federal Hill, a neighborhood that in the 1920s became one of the most heavily populated Italian American communities in the country. He was born in 1936 and his father worked as a fruit pack-man and milkman. He told a Providence College publication that he recalled gathering close with his family in winters “with the oven door open so we could get heat.” On one of those nights, his father told him that he would become a lawyer someday. “Look around, if I needed a lawyer, I could not afford one,” his father told him. “Remember that. You can never forget where you came from.” As a child, Judge Caprio shined shoes, delivered newspapers and worked on a milk truck. He later said that this upbringing gave him the sympathetic perspective he brought to his courtroom. “He was more than an expert in law — he was a symbol of understanding as a judge, showing us what is possible when justice is tempered with humanity.” Gov. Dan McKee of Rhode Island said in a statement after Judge Caprio’s death in August, 2025. 36．“Caught in Providence” is characterized by_________. A．setting up a positive image for lawyers B．solving violent crime trials C．showing real courtroom cases D．filming cases across multiple states 37．The underlined phrase “toss out” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to “_________”. A．beat B．fight C．reduce D．withdraw 38．What can be concluded from Judge Caprio’s childhood experience? A．He developed a sense of care for others. B．Fear of system faults kept him from cases. C．He chose to be a lawyer after trying different jobs. D．It was hard for him to make a living in cold weather. 39．Judge Caprio believed that_________. A．justice could be both firm and caring B．the law should treat the elderly with mercy C．a troubled childhood could drive one to pursue D．trial live-streaming was a great way to gain fame B A YEAR OF NO BEER Here’s what to expect when you go dry THE FIRST 24 HOURS Depending on how much you typically drink, this might just feel like a day off the alcohol, or it might get you in a bad mood and disturb your sleep. If you’re dependent on alcohol you might show withdrawal signs like dizziness and headaches — so this can be the toughest period to get through. THE FIRST FEW DAYS Though you’re likely to be easily annoyed, your sleep quality will improve. From three days to a week, you might start to experience improved digestion, as well as increased energy and skin clarity from improved water intake. Remember to drink enough water during this period. THE FIRST WEEKS This is where changes become noticeable. You might lose weight and see improved sleep quality, but it’s also where your body really begins the process of repair. Studies suggest that in heavy drinkers, the liver and gut (肝脏和肠道) functions start to repair themselves after three weeks. THE FIRST MONTH A full month can see a significant reduction in cardiovascular (心血管的) risk factors and cancer-related growth factors, while moderate to heavy drinkers showed improved insulin (胰岛素) resistance and blood pressure, alongside positive changes in weight. Keep up the good work! THE FIRST FEW MONTHS These markers all continue to improve, but you might also notice other improvements. Several months away from alcohol allows the brain to repair itself, even in heavy drinkers. A YEAR OR MORE Quit drinking for the long term, and you can see huge benefits-one small Korean study found that “former drinkers did not show significantly worse health than people who, at baseline, were lifetime non-drinkers.” It’s not for everyone, but it can be a worthwhile change. 40．What can occur during the first day of quitting drinking? A．Weight loss may begin. B．Discomfort may appear. C．A strong desire to drink returns. D．The brain begins to repair itself. 41．When do organs affected by alcohol use begin to recover after people stop drinking? A．Within the first 24 hours. B．During the first few days. C．After a full year. D．After about three weeks. 42．According to the passage, what is a possible long-term outcome of giving up alcohol? A．Earlier physical damage exists but becomes less noticeable. B．Mental well-being improves more than physical well-being. C．The process of physical recovery becomes slower but steadier. D．Overall health becomes similar to that of people who never drink. C In recent years, the food industry has increased its use of labels. Whether the labels say ‘non-GMO’ or ‘no sugar,’ or ‘zero carbohydrates’, consumers are increasingly demanding more information about what’s in their food. One report found that 39 percent of consumers would switch from the brands they currently buy to others that provide clearer, more accurate product information. Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand, and they’re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage over the competition, and bolstering profits. This strategy makes intuitive sense. If consumers say they want transparency, tell them exactly what is in your product. That is simply supplying a certain demand. But the marketing strategy in response to this consumer demand has gone beyond showing what is in a product, to labeling what is NOT in the food. These labels are known as “absence claims” labels, and they represent an emerging labeling trend that is harmful both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies them. For example, Hunt’s put a “non-GMO” label on its canned crushed tomatoes a few years ago — despite the fact that at the time there was no such thing as a GMO tomato on the market. Some dairy companies are using the “non-GMO” label on their milk, despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO-free, another label that creates unnecessary fear around food. While creating labels that play on consumer fears and misconceptions about their food may give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle, in the long term this strategy will have just the opposite effect: by injecting fear into the discourse about our food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business. Eventually, it becomes a question in consumers’ minds: Were these foods ever safe? By purchasing and consuming these types of products, have I already done some kind of harm to my family or the planet? For food manufacturers, it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone. And this isn’t just supposition. A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a stigma (污名) around foods even when there is no scientific evidence that they cause harm. It’s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims. In addition to the likely negative long-term impact on sales, this verbal trick sends a message that innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome, eventually leading to less efficiency, fewer choices for consumers, and ultimately, more costly food products. If we allow this kind of labeling to continue, we will all lose. 43．What is the author’s opinion about manufacturers’ new marketing strategy? A．Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products B．Showing the unique nutritional value of their products C．Supplying detailed information of their products D．Designing transparent labels for their products 44．What point does the author make about non-GMO labels? A．They are increasingly attracting customers’ attention. B．They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers. C．They should be used more for vegetables and milk D．They cause anxiety about food among consumers. 45．What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers? A．Cause changes in their marketing strategies. B．Help remove stigma around their products C．Erode consumer trust and reduce sales. D．Decrease support from food scientists. 46．What is the best title for this passage? A．Why Consumers Demand Greater Food transparency B．The High Cost of “Free-From” Foodlabels C．The Benefits of Non-GMO Labeling in the Food Industry D．How Absence Claims Labels Build Consumer Trust Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The other energy crisis There can be no doubt that we are in a time of crisis when it comes to our use of the planet’s limited energy resources. We have to leave our bad habits in the past and focus on more sustainable solutions. 47 According to a 2023 meta-analysis, one in five adults worldwide is living with fatigue unrelated to a medical condition. There are many reasons someone might feel tired all the time, such as a poor diet, lack of physical activity or a deficiency (缺少) in a particular nutrient. Mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, can also lead to feeling exhausted. In a few cases, something more sinister (不祥的) is going on: extreme fatigue can be an early warning sign of cancer, for example. But there are plenty of healthy people, eating well and exercising weekly, who feel burned out by the demands of life. Current advice to keep fatigue at bay is almost always to “do more”. 48 Top of the list of things you can do to help on the UK National Health Service’s page for “tiredness and fatigue”, for example, is to “have a healthy diet and exercise regularly”. But fatigue itself can perpetuate (使持续) the conditions in which it thrives: 35 per cent of UK adults say that being “too tired” holds them back from having a healthier diet and doing more exercise. How can people put effort into finding, planning and cooking new recipes if their existing lifestyle leaves them without any spare energy? How can someone find the time to go to the gym or attend a fitness class when every moment of the day is already allocated by work, school, kids, housework, the admin of life ... 49 But “do more” isn’t the only solution to our exhaustion epidemic. Instead, we need to “do different” or “do smart”. For example, if you feel incapable of dealing with all of life’s demands, swap the unnecessary for the achievable. A 2018 study showed that burnout and exhaustion are often marked by a lack of confidence in one’s ability to meet goals, face challenges and produce good work. To counteract this, focus on doing something you know you are good at. Importantly, don’t use all your energy on the stuff you have to do. 50 We must acknowledge that burning through our own energy supplies makes us stressed and exhausted today, and more at risk of serious health conditions later. A．If all your time is spent working, cleaning or looking after your own or others’ health, you will miss out on the benefits of recreation. B．The idea seems to be that one can push through exhaustion by sheer will without repercussion (恶果). C．However, mentally fatigued subjects rated perception of effort during exercise to be significantly higher compared with the control condition. D．This isn’t to say people in general don’t need to eat well and keep physically active. E．But while we are rightly concentrating on Earth’s delicate energy balance, we are ignoring the signs that our own bodies are running on empty. F．In simple words, fatigue is an unpleasant feeling that describes sensations of muscle weakness and low energy, but without having sleepiness. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Sweetness: The Silent Killer in Disguise Imagine starting your day with a flavored yogurt, sipping soda at lunch, and ending with a “healthy” granola bar. You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s recommended 25g limit. This unconscious intake is just the first step toward a chain of health risks, as excessive sugar disrupts our bodies in ways we often ignore. Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. When consumed in excess, fructose (果糖) overloads the liver, converting into fat and triggering insulin (胰岛素) resistance. This process not only raises blood sugar levels but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes, as confirmed by Harvard research linking high-sugar diets to a 26% higher diabetes risk. Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. A study in JAMA Internal Medicine revealed that adults consuming 25% of calories from sugar faced three times the risk of heart-related death. Sugar irritates blood vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. Research from the University of California shows that drinking just one sugary drink daily increases heart disease risk by 20%. New research shows how sugar harms the brain. UCLA studies found that diets high in sugar make the hippocampus smaller, which weakens memory and learning. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing strong sugar cravings that take over clear thinking. A 2025 Neuroscience study found that sugar consumption potentially causes memory problems, restlessness and shorter attention spans. Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water, and enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness. Simple changes, such as picking dark chocolate over candy, can help. Every spoonful of sugar is a decision — choose wisely for your health’s future. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．委员会要求在截止日期前提交所有的相关文件。(demand) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．儿童接触二手烟的程度会直接影响其肺功能。(expose) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 54．正是电影主人公那股永不言弃的精神，让他彻底打消了辍学的念头。(It) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 55．尽管人工智能生成的内容能大大提高工作效率，但同时也需要使用者具别对错和批判性思考的能力。(require) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 76．假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。学校社团招新季即将到来，你想创办一个全新的社团，需要向学生会提交一份申请说明，内容须包括： (1)简要介绍你想创办的社团; (2)你想创办该社团的理由。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $