专题05 动词的时态与语态（结构化知识+题型提升练）-2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破

**基本信息** 以结构化知识清单为基础，通过功能-标志词-语境三维方法构建时态语态体系，实现从知识理解到语篇运用的能力提升，助力语言能力与思维品质发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |必备知识结构化清单|8种时态（各含标志词+例句）、被动语态（公式+7种时态结构表+3类特殊现象）|功能-标志词-语境逻辑三维辨析法；被动语态“be时态变化+done固定”公式法；特殊现象分类记忆法|从时间概念（现在/过去/将来）到动作状态（一般/进行/完成）构建时态体系，被动语态基于主动时态推导结构| |必备能力题型强化练|单项选择55题、完形/阅读/语法填空各1篇|题干时间标志定位法；语态主被动关系判定法；语境逻辑推理法|从单一知识点应用（单选）到语篇综合运用（完形/阅读/语法填空），实现能力层级提升|

2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题05 动词的时态与语态 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 I.核心时态体系 高一阶段要重点把握 8种基本时态，重点在于理解时间概念和语境逻辑。 1. 一般现在时 功能：表示经常性习惯、客观真理；在时间/条件状语从句中表将来。 标志词：often, always, usually, every day 例句： The sun rises in the east. (客观真理) If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. (条件句用一般现在时表将来) 2. 现在进行时 功能：此刻正在发生；近期计划好的将来动作（移动动词 go/come/leave）。 标志词：now, at the moment, Look!, Listen! 例句： I am leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. (按计划即将发生) 3. 一般过去时 功能：过去某时间发生的动作或状态，与现在无关。 标志词：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 1990 例句： She bought a new bike last Sunday. 4. 过去进行时 功能：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；常作背景描写。 搭配：when + 短暂动作(一般过去)，while + 持续动作(过去进行) 例句： I was doing my homework when the teacher came in. 5. 现在完成时 功能：过去动作对现在造成影响；从过去持续到现在的状态。 标志词：already, yet, since, for, so far 辨析： I lost my key. (仅陈述过去丢钥匙的事实，现在找没找到不知道) I have lost my key. (强调结果：现在进不了门) 6. 过去完成时 功能：“过去的过去”，必须有一个过去的时间点作为参照。 标志词：by the end of last..., before/by the time + 过去从句 例句： By the time we arrived, the movie had already begun. 7. 一般将来时 结构：will do (主观意愿/临时决定) vs be going to do (计划/有迹象的推测) 例句： Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain. (有迹象的预测) 8. 过去将来时 功能：从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句。 例句： He said he would come back the next day. II.主动与被动语态 判断语态的关键：主语是动作的执行者还是承受者？ 一、被动语态核心公式 be + done (过去分词) be 负责体现时态和主谓一致。 done 负责体现被动含义，形式不变。 二、常见时态的被动形式表 时态 被动结构 典型例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done English is spoken in many countries. 一般过去时 was/were + done The window was broken yesterday. 一般将来时 will be + done A new school will be built next year. 现在完成时 have/has been + done The problem has been solved. 过去完成时 had been + done The task had been finished before he came. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + done The car is being repaired now. 含情态动词 can/must/should be + done Rules must be followed. 三、必考特殊语态现象 1.感官/使役动词的被动还原 to 主动：We saw him enter the room. (省略to) 被动：He was seen to enter the room. (必须加to) 2.主动形式表被动意义 ①系动词：feel, taste, smell, sound, look + adj. The silk feels very smooth. ②特定动词：wash, sell, write, lock, open + adv. This kind of book sells well. The door won't lock. ③不及物短语：happen, take place, break out, come out The accident happened yesterday. (不可说 was happened) 3.常用句型 It is said/reported/believed that... (据说/据报道/大家相信……) ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．— I wonder if it ________ tomorrow. — If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ at home instead of going shopping. A．rains, will rain, will stay B．will rain, rains, will stay C．will rain, will rain, stay 2．I wonder if he ________, and if he ________, please remember to let me know as soon as possible so that I can make necessary preparations. A．will come; arrives B．comes; arrives C．comes; will arrive D．will come; will arrive 3．The old house ______ at the foot of the mountain ______ the family who have lived here for centuries. A．stood; belongs to B．stood; belonging to C．standing; belonging to D．standing; belongs to 4．The sports meeting ________ if it ________ continuously tomorrow, according to the school plan. A．will put off; rains B．will be put off; rains C．will be put off; will rain D．puts off; rains 5．They ________ for this important exam day and night recently, so they ________ a good rest these days. A．have been preparing; deserve B．are preparing; deserved C．prepared; deserve D．have prepared; are deserving 6．— Could you please turn down the music, David? Your little brother right now. — Sorry, Mom. I didn’t know that. A．slept B．was sleeping C．sleeps D．is sleeping 7．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 8．Professor Wang, as well as two of his students, ______ an experiment in the laboratory at the moment. A．is doing B．are doing C．was doing D．were doing 9．Which of the following sentences is not used to talk about a future plan? A．My brother Tom’s flight takes off at 3:00 p.m. B．We’re driving to the mountains this weekend. C．She is going to study abroad next year. D．They are playing soccer in the park right now. 10．These days, he ________ to stop smoking and playing cards as well, so his life will have changed completely soon. A．is trying B．tried C．tries D．has tried 11．— Look, it ________ again. — Yeah. This is the third snow we ________ this spring. A．will snow; are having B．has snowed; had had C．is snowing; have had D．snows; have had 12．My aging laptop ________ seemingly at random in the middle of crucial tasks, causing me immense frustration. A．always freezes B．is always freezing C．has always frozen D．will always be frozen 13．—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? —I went to Tianjin and ________ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A．lived B．has lived C．had lived D．am living 14．When I got back home I saw a message which ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading 15．We made ________! My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent, from western to eastern Canada, in two weeks! I can’t wait to share the stories with you. A．one B．that C．this D．it 16．Jeremy ________ in a trade company for three years and now he teaches in a school. A．has worked B．worked C．had worked D．has been worked 17．The experiment ______ to be a great success beyond their expectations, which made all the researchers excited. A．was proved B．proving C．proved D．to be proved 18．To our great joy, our school football team ________ the championship, after weeks of hard training. A．wins B．was winning C．had won D．won 19．I ________ down the road with two friends when the sun set. A．am walking B．walk C．was walking D．walked 20．The reporter said the car _________ east to west when he saw it. A．would move B．had moved C．was moving D．had been moved 21．The students _________ busily when Miss Brown entered to get a book she _________ in the classroom. A．had written; left B．were writing; left C．had written; had left D．were writing; had left 22．I ________ at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. A．looked B．am looking C．was looking D．have looked 23．He _________ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he_________ it. A．wrote; has finished B．was writing; has finished C．was writing; had finished D．wrote; will finish 24．Lucy ________ to the library as soon as she finishes her homework. A．has gone B．will go C．went D．was going 25．It has not been decided who ________ in charge of the project when the manager ________ on holiday next month. A．will be; is B．is; will be C．would be; was D．will be; will be 26．She hurried to the entrance at which the car ________, and looked forward to seeing her husband. A．had arrived B．has arrived C．would arrive D．arrived 27．As Aristotle said, no one ________ choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. A．would B．will C．shall D．should 28．— Yesterday, my classmates and I discussed what we _________ on the coming weekend. — Did you finally decide to have a picnic in the park? A．do B．will do C．would do D．are doing 29．Our teacher told us last week that the school _________ the exam results on this Friday. A．will announce B．is announcing C．has announced D．was going to announce 30．Don’t phone me at 7:00 this evening. I ________ dinner then. A．have B．will be having C．have had D．had 31．—Are you going to Lisa’s birthday party this Saturday evening? It must be awesome! —I really want to, but I can’t. The Campus Culture and Art Festival________on at that time. A．goes B．will be going C．went D．has gone 32．Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________ a class at that time. A．is teaching B．would teach C．has taught D．will be teaching 33．By now, digital technology _________ almost every aspect of our daily lives. A．transforms B．transformed C．has transformed D．had transformed 34．Great changes ________ in this small mountain village in the past few years because of the voluntary education projects. A．took place B．take place C．have taken place D．will take place 35．A drought, together with recent floods, ________ greatly affected the local water supply. A．have B．has C．are D．is 36．Over the past decade, this director ________ several award-winning documentaries about social issues. A．produces B．produced C．has produced D．had produced 37．In recent years, we ________ droughts and floods caused by environmental damage, which affect the water supply downstream. A．had seen B．have seen C．saw D．were seeing 38．— How serious a mistake you ________! You should have been more careful. — I know. I will be fined if our manager finds it out. A．have made B．had made C．make D．would made 39．Since Lily came to England, she ________ to many places in London. A．travels B．traveled C．has traveled D．is traveling 40．Many a family in the neighborhood ________ rescue pets from the local shelter since the new adoption campaign started last month. A．has adopted B．have adopted C．adopted D．are adopting 41．Due to the traffic jam, I arrived at the airport too late. The plane ________ when I got there. A．has left B．had left C．leaves D．left 42．________ the project on time without sufficient funding was a miracle that no one ________. A．The workers completed; has expected B．The workers’ completing; had expected C．That the workers completed; has expected D．What the workers completed; had expected 43．His carelessness cost him all the money he _________. A．saved B．has saved C．had saved D．saves 44．Food __________ in a cool place in summer. A．must keep B．must be kept C．mustn’t keep 45．Currently, about 35,000 works __________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were being displayed B．are being displayed C．were displaying D．are displaying 46．Mr. Li, our headmaster, recommends that some activities ________ to celebrate the 12th anniversary of our school. A．should hold B．are held C．be held D．will be held 47．In warm weather fruit and meat ________ long. A．don’t keep B．cannot be kept C．are not kept D．are not keeping 48．His choice to return to his hometown ________ a turning point in his life, which led to great progress in his career. A．proved B．was proved C．has proved D．has been proved 49．What the professor presented at the international academic conference, ______ was an in-depth analysis of the latest research findings in the field, ______ effective in sparking intense discussions among the scholars. A．where; was proved B．that; was proved C．which; proved D．as; had proved 50．Once ________ properly according to actual working conditions, the method ________ highly effective in improving work efficiency. A．being used; proves B．used; has been proved C．used; proves D．using; is proved 51．Mr. Crossett was made his teaching because of his poor health and old age. A．give up B．give in C．to give up D．to give in 52．The basketball coach, as well as his team, ________ at present for their outstanding performance during the match. A．are interviewed B．have interviewed C．is being interviewed D．is interviewing 53．Currently, about 35,000 works, along with various art forms ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 54．There is a notice on the gate of the library ________ that it is closed because the ceilings ________ for the moment. A．to say; being repaired B．says; are repaired C．saying; are being repaired D．saying; have been repaired 55．In the weeks before the Academy Awards ceremony, movie reviewers make predictions about which movies and actors _________. A．had been awarded B．will award C．would award D．will be awarded 二、完形填空 The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal, and it changed my career. Our first task was to write a response to the customer’s request for a 56 update. The customer offered nothing and he simply said, “Just about the future development of our brand, and I want to see what you 57 .” However, through all the confusion in dealing with this 58 project, many of my 59 about work were answered. I was extremely 60 about the task as well as my new role. I was confused. What was the 61 way to meet the customer’s 62 ? Full of anxiety, I tried various 63 — brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining. 64 , after a lot of stress, my ideas became more organized and the content 65 . I had my understanding of the customer’s needs, and my reasons for it. I finished my 66 with uncertainty, had it 67 and submitted (提交) it. To my surprise, I received their full 68 . The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts. My 69 and newfound confidence upon hearing their feedback could not be overstated. What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a business proposal. I learned to be open to new 70 . This project gave me the confidence, critical-thinking skills and courage to try a new career path. 56．A．brand B．climate C．computer D．society 57．A．give in to B．take part in C．come up with D．break away from 58．A．well-organized B．old-fashioned C．open-ended D．cold-blooded 59．A．ideas B．dreams C．plans D．questions 60．A．calm B．nervous C．certain D．proud 61．A．proper B．strange C．wrong D．single 62．A．habits B．hobbies C．needs D．companies 63．A．feelings B．jobs C．tasks D．strategies 64．A．Suddenly B．Particularly C．Eventually D．Factually 65．A．fell into place B．got into trouble C．settled into routine D．sank into silence 66．A．homework B．proposal C．order D．speech 67．A．refused B．received C．forgotten D．checked 68．A．approval B．doubt C．blame D．refusal 69．A．luck B．relief C．pity D．worry 70．A．changes B．challenges C．plans D．teammates 三、阅读理解 At Cheverton Lodge Care Home, festive jingling breaks out from 17-year-old Ted Mayer’s speaker as he launches into his Christmas set. A seasoned volunteer, he has been singing in care homes since he was six. Ted’s charm has won over many in the audience, particularly the older ladies. But it’s not for everyone, Jeanette Hodes, 92, offers an impatient “Come on, get on with it” and leans back in her chair. On a nearby trolley (小推车), a cat’s cradle (翻花绳) has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth, offering cheerfully-recalled anecdotes of the time when she learnt double Dutch (双人跳绳) with friends as her mother could not afford to buy her a Sindy doll. Looking on fondly is Jill Fraser, 68, the founder of Kissing it Better (KiB), a charity working to reduce isolation in the trolley of assorted old treasures. A faded Beatrix Potter hardback. Jackie magazine and biography of Lord Mountbatten are piled on top of one another. Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly. Anna Giannotti, 63, an art psychotherapist who is paid for a few hours a week by KiB, says, “Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future.” The youngest volunteer of the day, Mariella Hafalla, 16, finds the frankness of the older generation refreshing. “I really enjoyed the session where we talked about what the residents did when they were younger,” she says. “I found out how people used to go outside all of the time but now we are all online so it has helped me realize the importance of going outside.” 71．What brings Jeanette Hodes back to her youth? A．Buying a Sindy doll. B．Noticing a cat’s cradle. C．Listening to Ted’s songs. D．Learning the double Dutch. 72．Why does Fraser go around the room with the trolley? A．To offer topics that may encourage interaction. B．To check whether the elderly can recall the past. C．To collect personal belongings from the residents. D．To show volunteers how to interact with old people. 73．What is Anna Giannotti’s attitude towards the elderly? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Empathetic. D．Protective. 74．Which phrase most closely reflects KiB’s approach? A．Activity over talk. B．Memory as a bridge. C．Service with a smile. D．Care through exercise. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 75 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 76 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 77 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 78 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 79 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 80 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 81 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 82 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 83 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 84 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】句意：——我想知道明天是否会下雨。——如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里，不去购物了。第一句是if引导的宾语从句，if表示“是否”，由tomorrow可知，从句时态用一般将来时will rain；第二、三空是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时rains，主句用一般将来时will stay。 2．A 【解析】句意：我想知道他是否会来，如果他来了，请记得尽快告诉我，以便我做好必要的准备。wonder后面的if引导宾语从句，if表示“是否”，可知come这个动作未发生，用一般将来时will come；第二个if 引导条件状语从句，if表示“如果”，主句为祈使句，if从句用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语要用arrives。 3．D 【解析】句意：坐落在山脚下的那座老房子属于在这里生活了几个世纪的那个家庭。第一个空修饰名词house作后置定语，动词stand与house之间是主动关系，应用现在分词standing；第二个空是句子的谓语动词，主语The old house为单数，且陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时的单数第三人称形式belongs to。 4．B 【解析】句意：根据学校的计划，如果明天持续下雨，运动会将被推迟。第一空，根据时间状语tomorrow，主句需用一般将来时，主语The sports meeting是动作put off的承受者，二者为被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态，因此正确形式为will be put off。第二空，在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”规则：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。主语it是第三人称单数，因此动词用rains。 5．A 【解析】句意：他们最近一直在为这场重要的考试日夜准备，所以这些天他们值得好好休息一下。第一空，根据时间状语recently可知，此处表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作，且可能还在进行，需用现在完成进行时have been doing；第二空，deserve意为“值得”，为状态动词，无进行时，结合these days可知，用一般现在时，主语they为复数，谓语动词用原形。 6．D 【解析】句意：——大卫，请你把音乐声音调小点好吗？你的小弟弟现在正在睡觉。——对不起，妈妈。我不知道。根据句中的时间状语right now可知，此处表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，主语Your little brother为第三人称单数，be动词用is。 7．A 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了，但最新报告称修复工作正在进行，下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“for over a year”可知，此处用现在完成时，bridge与close是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has been closed；第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作，结合“and will reopen next month”可知，此处用现在进行时，谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以第二空为is progressing。故选A项。 8．A 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：王教授和他的两个学生此刻正在实验室里做实验。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，句子描述的是正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时态，且句中“as well as”连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词应与前面的主语“Professor Wang”保持一致，be动词用is。故选A项。 9．D 【解析】考查时态。句意：以下哪句话不是用来谈论未来计划的？A. 我哥哥汤姆的航班下午 3 点起飞。B. 这个周末我们要开车去山区。C. 她明年将要去国外留学。D. 他们现在正在公园里踢足球。A选项用一般现在时表示按时刻表、计划好的将来 → 表将来计划；B选项现在进行时表近期安排、计划 → 表将来计划；C选项be going to 表打算、计划 → 表将来计划；D选项right now = 现在 → 表示正在进行，不是将来计划。故选D。 10．A 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：这些天，他正在努力戒烟，也不再打牌，所以他的生活很快就会彻底改变。根据时间状语“these days”以及句意可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is trying。故选A项。 11．C 【解析】考查时态。句意：——看，又下雪了。——是的，这是今年春天我们经历的第三场雪。第一空，根据look可知，此处应用现在进行时，表示动作正在发生，主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用is，所以第一空应填is snowing；第二空，“This is the+序数词+名词+主语+谓语”是固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，其中从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时，主语we是复数，助动词用have，所以第二空应填have had。故选C。 12．B 【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：我那台老旧的笔记本电脑老是在关键任务做到一半时随机死机，让我非常崩溃。分析句子可知，此处为现在进行时 + always，构成固定结构be + always + doing，表示“总是、老是（带有抱怨、不满、厌烦的情绪）”，句子里有 frustration（沮丧、恼火），明显是抱怨语气。is always freezing 正好表达“老是死机、总死机”，带强烈不满。故选B项。 13．A 【解析】句意：——好久不见！你去哪儿了？——我去了天津，在那里住了一年，作为志愿者教书。根据答句中的并列连词and可知，空格处的动词应与前面的“went”保持时态一致，使用一般过去时。 14．A 【解析】句意：当我回到家时，我看到一条留言，上面写着：“很抱歉错过了你；稍后会打电话。”which引导定语从句修饰先行词message，从句中缺少谓语动词，故排除非谓语动词选项C和D。主句谓语动词saw为一般过去时，根据时态一致原则，定语从句也应使用一般过去时。动词read的过去式同形，仍为read。 15．D 【解析】句意：我们成功了！我和我的家人在两周内成功地横跨了北美大陆，从加拿大西部到了东部！我迫不及待地想和你们分享这些故事。根据后文“My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent, from western to eastern Canada, in two weeks! ”可知，此处表示我和家人成功做到了，为固定短语make it，意为“获得成功；做到”，符合语境。 16．B 【解析】句意：杰瑞米在一家贸易公司工作了三年，现在他在一所学校教书。根据后半句now he teaches in a school可知，杰瑞米现在在学校教书，说明他在贸易公司工作是过去发生并且已经结束的动作，与现在没有联系，因此应用一般过去时。 17．C 【解析】句意：这项实验结果证明是一个出乎他们意料的巨大成功，这让所有的研究人员都很兴奋。空格处在句中作谓语。prove作“证明是，结果是”讲时，为连系动词，没有被动语态，常用于“prove (to be) + 名词/形容词”结构。根据从句谓语动词made可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 18．D 【解析】句意：令我们非常高兴的是，经过数周的艰苦训练，我们学校足球队赢得了冠军。根据语境“after weeks of hard training”可知，“赢得冠军”是过去发生的一次性动作，应用一般过去时。 19．C 【解析】句意：太阳落山时，我正和两个朋友沿着路走。从句谓语动词set是一般过去时（主语the sun为单数，若为一般现在时应为sets），when引导的时间状语从句表示一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行，主句应用过去进行时。 20．C 【解析】考查时态。句意：这位记者说当他看到那辆车时，它正从东向西行驶。when he saw it表明是过去的某个时间点，在这个时间点上，车正在行驶，所以用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were +现在分词”，主语the car是单数，be动词用was。故选C项。 21．D 【解析】考查时态。句意：当布朗小姐进来拿她落在教室的书时，学生们正忙着写字。第一空，根据“when Miss Brown entered to get a book”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语为The students，be动词用were；第二空，leave这一动作发生在entered之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had left。故选D。 22．C 【解析】考查时态。句意：我正看着公告板上的照片，这时听到身后传来一个声音。本句使用固定句型sb. be doing sth. when...，表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”，根据后文when I heard a voice behind me可知，主句用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词使用was。故选C。 23．B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他去年在写一本关于中国的书，但我不知道他是否已经完成了。第一个空，根据时间状语last year可知，描述过去某一阶段一直进行的动作，用过去进行时，谓语用was writing；第二个空，finish“完成”这个动作发生在“我不知道”之前，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响（即我不知道现在书是否已完成），用现在完成时，谓语用has finished。故选B。 24．B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：露西一完成作业就会去图书馆。分析句子结构可知，as soon as引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时（finishes）表示将来，主句表示将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时。故选B项。 25．A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：下个月经理去度假时，谁将负责这个项目还没有决定。第一个空为主语从句的谓语，根据时间状语“next month”应用一般将来时will be；第二个空为时间状语从句的谓语，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时is。故选A项。 26．C 【解析】句意：她匆忙跑到汽车将会到达的入口处，盼望着能看到她的丈夫。结合句意，她盼望看到丈夫，说明汽车在当时还未到达，而是将要到达，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时（would + 动词原形）。 27．A 【解析】句意：正如亚里士多德所说，没有人愿意选择没有朋友地生活，即便他拥有其他所有财富。分析句子可知，句中said、had都是过去时态，整句为虚拟/过去语境，排除现在时 will、shall。would choose：愿意选择，表人的主观意愿。should表“应该”，是道义上的建议；本句表达天性与意愿，不用should。 28．C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：—— 昨天我和同学们讨论了即将到来的周末我们要做什么。—— 你们最后决定去公园野餐了吗？分析句子可知，主句为一般过去时，从句陈述的动作还未发生，即站在过去看将会发生的事情，应用过去将来时would do。故选C项。 29．D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我们老师上周告诉我们，学校将于本周五公布考试成绩。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句中时间是this Friday，表示过去看来将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。故选D项。 30．B 【解析】考查时态。句意：今晚七点别给我打电话。那时我要去吃晚餐。由at 7:00 this evening和then可知，句子表示“在今天晚上的七点我会正在吃晚餐”，因此用将来进行时will be having表示一个将来的某一时刻正在进行的动作。故选B。 31．B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——你这周六晚上要去丽莎的生日派对吗？那一定很棒吧！——我真的很想去做，但我去不了。届时校园文化艺术节就要举行了。根据后文at that time可知表示将来某个时间正在进行用将来进行时，故选B。 32．D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：简不能参加今天下午3点的会议，因为她那个时候正在上课。teach(教授，讲授)是从句中谓语动词，根据“at 3 o’clock this afternoon”和“at that time”可知，这里要描述的是今天下午3点那个具体时间点，简正在进行上课这个动作，用将来进行时态will be teaching。故选D项。 33．C 【解析】句意：到目前为止，数字技术已经改变了我们日常生活的几乎每一个方面。句中带有时间状语By now（到目前为止），通常与现在完成时连用，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，或对现在造成了影响。主语digital technology为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用has + 过去分词的形式。 34．C 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里，由于志愿教育项目，这个小山村发生了巨大的变化。时间状语in the past few years是现在完成时的标志词。主语Great changes为复数，谓语动词需用have done结构，即“have taken place”。 35．B 【解析】句意：干旱，连同最近的洪水，已经极大地影响了当地的供水。当主语后接由together with, along with, with, as well as等引导的短语时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致。本句主语A drought为单数，故谓语动词需用单数形式。同时，结合空后的过去分词affected可知，此处表示动作已经发生并对现在产生影响，且主语与动词之间为主动关系，应使用现在完成时。 36．C 【解析】句意：在过去的十年里，这位导演制作了几部关于社会问题的获奖纪录片。根据时间状语“Over the past decade”可知，句子时态应为现在完成时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。主语this director为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用has produced。 37．B 【解析】句意：近年来，我们已经看到了由环境破坏引起的干旱和洪水，这影响了下游的供水。此处为谓语动词，根据句中的时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处为现在完成时态，表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响。 38．A 【解析】句意：——你犯了一个多么严重的错误啊！你本应该更小心一点的。——我知道。如果我们的经理发现了，我会被罚款的。根据后句“You should have been more careful.”可知，错误已经发生，且对现在造成了影响，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，应用现在完成时。 39．C 【解析】句意：自从莉莉来到英国，她已经去过伦敦的许多地方了。 “since + 一般过去时”的从句是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，因此主句需要使用现在完成时，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式has traveled。 40．A 【解析】句意：自从上个月新的领养活动开始以来，附近的许多家庭已经从当地收容所领养了救援宠物。根据时间状语“since the new adoption campaign started last month”可知，表示从过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作，主句谓语动词应使用现在完成时，故排除C项和D项；此外，“many a + 单数可数名词”作主语时，虽然表示复数意义（许多），但谓语动词需用单数形式。 41．B 【解析】句意：由于交通堵塞，我到机场太晚了。当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。空处作谓语，leave发生在got之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时had left。 42．B 【解析】考查主语从句和时态。句意：工人们在资金不足的情况下按时完成这个项目是一个没有人预料到的奇迹。第一空可以理解为引导主语从句，从句“the workers completed the project”不缺少成分且句意完整，因此用连接词that引导主语从句，that在从句中无实义，只起连接作用，即That the workers completed；第一空也可以理解为动名词completing的复合结构作主语，其逻辑主语为“the workers”，表所属关系，即The workers’ completing。第二空，根据语境可知，“expect”这一动作发生在“was”之前，即过去的过去，因此用过去完成时“had expected”，表示“没有人预料到”。综上所述，故选B项。 43．C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他的粗心让他失去了他所有攒下的钱。此处为省略关系代词的定语从句中的谓语动词，cost是过去的动作，save发生在cost之前，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时had saved。故选C项。 44．B 【解析】句意：食物在夏天必须放在凉爽的地方。A. must keep必须保存；B. must be kept必须被保存；C. mustn’t keep禁止保存。句中Food和keep存在被动关系，must是情态动词，故此句是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构：情态动词+be+过去分词。 45．B 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：目前，卢浮宫内约有35000件展品分布在300多个展厅中，要将所有展品都看一遍恐怕需要耗费一生的时间。根据时间状语Currently（目前）可知，此处表示目前正在发生的事，应用现在进行时；主语about 35,000 works与动词display（展览，陈列）之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为复数，be动词用are，因此空格处应填入现在进行时的被动语态are being displayed。 46．C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：李老师，我们的校长，建议举行一些活动来庆祝我们学校12周年。recommend“建议”，其后的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略；本句中“that some activities ________ to celebrate the 12th anniversary of our school”为recommend的宾语从句，从句主语“some activities”与动词“hold”为动宾关系，所以空处用被动语态“should be+过去分词”，选项C符合题意。故选C。 47．A 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在温暖的天气里，水果和肉类不易长时间保存。本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。keep意为“保持不坏”，为不及物动词，没有被动语态。故选A。 48．A 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：他选择回到家乡被证明是他人生的转折点，这使得他的事业取得了巨大的进步。“prove”作为连系动词，表示“证明是，结果是”，通常用主动形式表达被动意义。根据句意以及which引导的定语从句的谓语动词led可知，这里描述的是过去的一个事实，因此使用一般过去时。故选A项。 49．C 【解析】句意：这位教授在国际学术会议上发表的内容，是对该领域最新研究成果的深度分析，它被证明能有效引发学者们的热烈讨论。第一空：空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为What the professor presented，指物，从句缺主语，用关系代词which引导从句。第二空：prove表示“证明是，结果是”，是系动词，通常用主动形式表示被动含义，此处描述过去发生的事情，用动词过去式proved。 50．C 【解析】考查状语从句的省略和时态语态。句意：一旦根据实际工作情况被正确使用，该方法就被证明在提高工作效率方面效果显著。当once引导时间/条件状语从句，且从句主语与主句主语一致、从句谓语含be动词时，可省略主语 + be，直接用过去分词表被动。本句完整从句：Once the method is used properly，主语the method与主句主语一致，且表被动（方法“被使用”），因此省略the method is，直接用used。第二空prove作“证明是、结果是”讲时，是系动词，用主动形式表被动含义，无需被动语态。主语the method是单数，因此用proves。故选C。 51．C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析和不定式。句意：克罗塞特先生由于身体不好和年纪大而被迫放弃了教学工作。give up放弃；give in屈服，让步，根据“ because of his poor health and old age”可知此处表示“放弃”，另外，此处是make sb do的被动结构，要将省略的不定式符号to还原，即“sb. be made to do”。故选C项。 52．C 【解析】句意：这位篮球教练和他的球队目前正因为他们在比赛中的出色表现而接受采访。当主语后接“as well as...”等词组时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致，本句主语“The basketball coach”为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式；根据句中的时间状语“at present”可知，动作正在进行，应用现在进行时；且主语与动词interview（采访）之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。 53．D 【解析】句意：目前，大约有35000件作品以及各种艺术形式正陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据句首的时间状语Currently可知，此处应使用现在进行时；along with连接前后两个部分作主语时，谓语与前面的主语保持一致，本句中应和works一致，谓语动词用复数；动词display与主语works之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，因此，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。 54．C 【解析】句意：图书馆门口有一则通知，上面写着图书馆闭馆，因为天花板目前正在维修中。第一空，主句中已有谓语动词is，空处用非谓语动词，notice与say之间为主动关系，用现在分词saying作后置定语；第二空为原因状语从句的谓语动词，ceilings与repair为被动关系，for the moment表示此刻正在进行，用现在进行时的被动语态are being repaired。 55．D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在奥斯卡颁奖典礼前的几周，影评人预测哪些电影和演员将会获奖。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，movies and actors与award为被动关系，根据“make predictions”可知，“颁奖”这个动作还未发生，故应用一般将来时的被动语态will be awarded。故选D。 二、 56．A 57．C 58．C 59．D 60．B 61．A 62．C 63．D 64．C 65．A 66．B 67．D 68．A 69．B 70．B 【解析】文章讲述作者在新工作中的第一个项目是品牌战略提案，客户要求模糊且开放。作者在焦虑中尝试各种策略，最终完成提案并获得客户认可，这次经历让他学会了迎接新的挑战。 【解析】56．考查名词。句意：我们的第一个任务是写一份回应客户请求的回应，客户要求进行品牌更新。A. brand品牌；B. climate气候；C. computer电脑；D. society社会。根据上文“a brand strategy proposal”以及下文“Just about the future development of our brand”可知，客户要求的是“品牌”更新。 57．考查动词短语。句意：客户没有提供任何信息，他只是说：“关于我们品牌的未来发展，我想看看你们能想出什么。”A. give in to屈服于；B. take part in参加；C. come up with想出；D. break away from脱离。根据上文“The customer offered nothing”和“I want to see what you”可知，客户什么都没有提供，他想看作者团队能“想出”什么。 58．考查形容词。句意：然而，在处理这个开放式的项目时，我关于工作的许多疑问都得到了解答。A. well-organized组织良好的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. open-ended开放式的；D. cold-blooded冷血的。根据上文“The customer offered nothing”可知，客户没有提供具体信息，要求模糊，所以这是一个“开放式的”项目。 59．考查名词。句意同上。A. ideas想法；B. dreams梦想；C. plans计划；D. questions疑问。根据下文“were answered”可知，作者关于工作的“疑问”得到了解答。 60．考查形容词。句意：我对这项任务以及我的新角色感到非常紧张。A. calm冷静的；B. nervous紧张的；C. certain确定的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“I was confused.”和“Full of anxiety”可知，他感到“紧张”。 61．考查形容词。句意：满足客户需求的正确方式是什么？A. proper正确的，恰当的；B. strange奇怪的；C. wrong错误的；D. single单一的。根据上文“I was confused”以及他在寻找方法可知，他在思考“正确的”方式。 62．考查名词。句意同上。A. habits习惯；B. hobbies爱好；C. needs需求；D. companies公司。根据上文“meet the customer’s”以及项目是回应客户要求可知，是满足“需求”。 63．考查名词。句意：满怀焦虑，我尝试了各种策略——头脑风暴、思维导图、列提纲。A. feelings感受；B. jobs工作；C. tasks任务；D. strategies策略。根据下文“brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining”，这些都是他尝试的“策略”。 64．考查副词。句意：最终，在经历了很大压力之后，我的想法变得更加有条理，内容也逐渐成形。A. Suddenly突然；B. Particularly特别地；C. Eventually最终；D. Factually事实上。根据上文他尝试了各种策略，以及下文“after a lot of stress”可知，“最终”他的想法变得有条理。 65．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. fell into place变得清晰，逐渐成形；B. got into trouble陷入麻烦；C. settled into routine按部就班；D. sank into silence陷入沉默。根据上文“my ideas became more organized and the content”可知，想法变得有条理，内容逐渐“成形”。 66．考查名词。句意：我带着不确定感完成了我的提案，找人检查后提交了。A. homework家庭作业；B. proposal提案；C. order订单；D. speech演讲。根据上文“The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal”可知，项目是品牌战略提案可知，他完成的是“提案”。 67．考查动词。句意同上。A. refused拒绝；B. received收到；C. forgotten忘记；D. checked检查。根据常识，提交前会找人“检查”。 68．考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我得到了他们的完全认可。A. approval认可；B. doubt怀疑；C. blame责备；D. refusal拒绝。根据下文“The customer praised my original perspective”可知，客户“认可”了他的提案。 69．考查名词。句意：听到他们的反馈时，我的宽慰和新获得的自信怎么强调都不为过。A. luck运气；B. relief宽慰；C. pity遗憾；D. worry担心。根据上文“Full of anxiety”可知，他之前充满焦虑和不确定，结合“The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts”可知，作者最终得到客户认可，所以会感到“宽慰”。 70．考查名词。句意：我学会了以开放的心态迎接新的挑战。A. changes改变；B. challenges挑战；C. plans计划；D. teammates队友。根据上文他通过这个开放式的项目获得了成长，以及下文“try a new career path”可推知，作者学会了迎接新的“挑战”。 三、 71．B 72．A 73．C 74．B 【解析】```文章主要讲述了慈善组织Kissing it Better的志愿者在养老院用旧物品唤起老人回忆，促进交流，并展现了不同年龄层志愿者与老人互动的温馨场景。 71．细节理解题。根据第二段中“On a nearby trolley (小推车), a cat’s cradle (翻花绳) has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth, offering cheerfully-recalled anecdotes of the time when she learnt double Dutch (双人跳绳) with friends (在附近的手推车上，一个翻花绳引起了她的注意。绳子很快被递到她手中。很快，她就被带回了青年的操场，愉快地回忆起当年和朋友一起学双绳跳的趣事)”可知，注意到一个翻花绳让Jeanette Hodes重返青春。 72．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly. (Fraser的志愿者团队准备了这些物品，因为回忆被认为是一种强大的工具，可以在老年人中开启急需的对话。)”可知，Fraser带着推车在房间里转一圈是为了通过车上的旧物品提供可能鼓励互动的话题。 73．推理判断题。根据第四段中Anna所说的话“Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future. (有时老年人犹豫不参与，但一旦参与，他们往往会展现出完整的自我。我感到非常谦卑。未来我们中的任何一个人都可能变成这样。)”可知，Anna能设身处地理解老人的处境，表明她有同理心。 74．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly (回忆被认为是一种强大的工具，可以在老年人中开启急需的对话)”可知，KiB的方法是利用旧物品唤起老人的回忆，从而搭建沟通的桥梁，促进交流。B项“记忆作为桥梁”最贴切地概括了这种方法。 四、 75．to be held 76．frequency 77．the 78．were 79．necessities 80．for 81．Drawn 82．that/which 83．heading 84．cheaper 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国农村集市“大集”的日期、频率、历史渊源以及现代赶集的场景。 75．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 76．考查名词。句意：大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异。提示词与名词“dates”并列作主语，应用名词形式frequency，表示“频率”，不可数名词。 77．考查冠词。句意：大集起源于古代民间以物易物的习俗，可追溯至汉朝。专有名词Han Dynasty特指“汉朝”，需用定冠词the限定。 78．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“In the old days”表明用一般过去时态，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 79．考查名词复数。句意同上。名词necessity意为“必需品”时通常用复数形式，泛指日常所需的多种物品。 80．考查介词。句意：作为解决办法，人们在固定的日子里聚集到特定地点，用自己多余的物品来交换自己需要的东西。“trade A for B”是固定搭配，表示“用A交换B”。 81．考查非谓语动词。句意：被街头小吃的香味所吸引，他们在热气腾腾的饺子摊和热汤面摊前排起长队。此处作状语，draw(吸引)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；且位于句首，首字母大写。 82．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 83．考查非谓语动词。句意：在回家之前，他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋，价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。 84．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。提示词作后置定语修饰prices，且设空处后有“than”，应用比较级cheaper。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题05 动词的时态与语态 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 I.核心时态体系 高一阶段要重点把握 8种基本时态，重点在于理解时间概念和语境逻辑。 1. 一般现在时 功能：表示经常性习惯、客观真理；在时间/条件状语从句中表将来。 标志词：often, always, usually, every day 例句： The sun rises in the east. (客观真理) If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. (条件句用一般现在时表将来) 2. 现在进行时 功能：此刻正在发生；近期计划好的将来动作（移动动词 go/come/leave）。 标志词：now, at the moment, Look!, Listen! 例句： I am leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. (按计划即将发生) 3. 一般过去时 功能：过去某时间发生的动作或状态，与现在无关。 标志词：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 1990 例句： She bought a new bike last Sunday. 4. 过去进行时 功能：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；常作背景描写。 搭配：when + 短暂动作(一般过去)，while + 持续动作(过去进行) 例句： I was doing my homework when the teacher came in. 5. 现在完成时 功能：过去动作对现在造成影响；从过去持续到现在的状态。 标志词：already, yet, since, for, so far 辨析： I lost my key. (仅陈述过去丢钥匙的事实，现在找没找到不知道) I have lost my key. (强调结果：现在进不了门) 6. 过去完成时 功能：“过去的过去”，必须有一个过去的时间点作为参照。 标志词：by the end of last..., before/by the time + 过去从句 例句： By the time we arrived, the movie had already begun. 7. 一般将来时 结构：will do (主观意愿/临时决定) vs be going to do (计划/有迹象的推测) 例句： Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain. (有迹象的预测) 8. 过去将来时 功能：从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句。 例句： He said he would come back the next day. II.主动与被动语态 判断语态的关键：主语是动作的执行者还是承受者？ 一、被动语态核心公式 be + done (过去分词) be 负责体现时态和主谓一致。 done 负责体现被动含义，形式不变。 二、常见时态的被动形式表 时态 被动结构 典型例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done English is spoken in many countries. 一般过去时 was/were + done The window was broken yesterday. 一般将来时 will be + done A new school will be built next year. 现在完成时 have/has been + done The problem has been solved. 过去完成时 had been + done The task had been finished before he came. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + done The car is being repaired now. 含情态动词 can/must/should be + done Rules must be followed. 三、必考特殊语态现象 1.感官/使役动词的被动还原 to 主动：We saw him enter the room. (省略to) 被动：He was seen to enter the room. (必须加to) 2.主动形式表被动意义 ①系动词：feel, taste, smell, sound, look + adj. The silk feels very smooth. ②特定动词：wash, sell, write, lock, open + adv. This kind of book sells well. The door won't lock. ③不及物短语：happen, take place, break out, come out The accident happened yesterday. (不可说 was happened) 3.常用句型 It is said/reported/believed that... (据说/据报道/大家相信……) ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．— I wonder if it ________ tomorrow. — If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ at home instead of going shopping. A．rains, will rain, will stay B．will rain, rains, will stay C．will rain, will rain, stay 2．I wonder if he ________, and if he ________, please remember to let me know as soon as possible so that I can make necessary preparations. A．will come; arrives B．comes; arrives C．comes; will arrive D．will come; will arrive 3．The old house ______ at the foot of the mountain ______ the family who have lived here for centuries. A．stood; belongs to B．stood; belonging to C．standing; belonging to D．standing; belongs to 4．The sports meeting ________ if it ________ continuously tomorrow, according to the school plan. A．will put off; rains B．will be put off; rains C．will be put off; will rain D．puts off; rains 5．They ________ for this important exam day and night recently, so they ________ a good rest these days. A．have been preparing; deserve B．are preparing; deserved C．prepared; deserve D．have prepared; are deserving 6．— Could you please turn down the music, David? Your little brother right now. — Sorry, Mom. I didn’t know that. A．slept B．was sleeping C．sleeps D．is sleeping 7．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 8．Professor Wang, as well as two of his students, ______ an experiment in the laboratory at the moment. A．is doing B．are doing C．was doing D．were doing 9．Which of the following sentences is not used to talk about a future plan? A．My brother Tom’s flight takes off at 3:00 p.m. B．We’re driving to the mountains this weekend. C．She is going to study abroad next year. D．They are playing soccer in the park right now. 10．These days, he ________ to stop smoking and playing cards as well, so his life will have changed completely soon. A．is trying B．tried C．tries D．has tried 11．— Look, it ________ again. — Yeah. This is the third snow we ________ this spring. A．will snow; are having B．has snowed; had had C．is snowing; have had D．snows; have had 12．My aging laptop ________ seemingly at random in the middle of crucial tasks, causing me immense frustration. A．always freezes B．is always freezing C．has always frozen D．will always be frozen 13．—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? —I went to Tianjin and ________ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A．lived B．has lived C．had lived D．am living 14．When I got back home I saw a message which ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading 15．We made ________! My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent, from western to eastern Canada, in two weeks! I can’t wait to share the stories with you. A．one B．that C．this D．it 16．Jeremy ________ in a trade company for three years and now he teaches in a school. A．has worked B．worked C．had worked D．has been worked 17．The experiment ______ to be a great success beyond their expectations, which made all the researchers excited. A．was proved B．proving C．proved D．to be proved 18．To our great joy, our school football team ________ the championship, after weeks of hard training. A．wins B．was winning C．had won D．won 19．I ________ down the road with two friends when the sun set. A．am walking B．walk C．was walking D．walked 20．The reporter said the car _________ east to west when he saw it. A．would move B．had moved C．was moving D．had been moved 21．The students _________ busily when Miss Brown entered to get a book she _________ in the classroom. A．had written; left B．were writing; left C．had written; had left D．were writing; had left 22．I ________ at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. A．looked B．am looking C．was looking D．have looked 23．He _________ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he_________ it. A．wrote; has finished B．was writing; has finished C．was writing; had finished D．wrote; will finish 24．Lucy ________ to the library as soon as she finishes her homework. A．has gone B．will go C．went D．was going 25．It has not been decided who ________ in charge of the project when the manager ________ on holiday next month. A．will be; is B．is; will be C．would be; was D．will be; will be 26．She hurried to the entrance at which the car ________, and looked forward to seeing her husband. A．had arrived B．has arrived C．would arrive D．arrived 27．As Aristotle said, no one ________ choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. A．would B．will C．shall D．should 28．— Yesterday, my classmates and I discussed what we _________ on the coming weekend. — Did you finally decide to have a picnic in the park? A．do B．will do C．would do D．are doing 29．Our teacher told us last week that the school _________ the exam results on this Friday. A．will announce B．is announcing C．has announced D．was going to announce 30．Don’t phone me at 7:00 this evening. I ________ dinner then. A．have B．will be having C．have had D．had 31．—Are you going to Lisa’s birthday party this Saturday evening? It must be awesome! —I really want to, but I can’t. The Campus Culture and Art Festival________on at that time. A．goes B．will be going C．went D．has gone 32．Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________ a class at that time. A．is teaching B．would teach C．has taught D．will be teaching 33．By now, digital technology _________ almost every aspect of our daily lives. A．transforms B．transformed C．has transformed D．had transformed 34．Great changes ________ in this small mountain village in the past few years because of the voluntary education projects. A．took place B．take place C．have taken place D．will take place 35．A drought, together with recent floods, ________ greatly affected the local water supply. A．have B．has C．are D．is 36．Over the past decade, this director ________ several award-winning documentaries about social issues. A．produces B．produced C．has produced D．had produced 37．In recent years, we ________ droughts and floods caused by environmental damage, which affect the water supply downstream. A．had seen B．have seen C．saw D．were seeing 38．— How serious a mistake you ________! You should have been more careful. — I know. I will be fined if our manager finds it out. A．have made B．had made C．make D．would made 39．Since Lily came to England, she ________ to many places in London. A．travels B．traveled C．has traveled D．is traveling 40．Many a family in the neighborhood ________ rescue pets from the local shelter since the new adoption campaign started last month. A．has adopted B．have adopted C．adopted D．are adopting 41．Due to the traffic jam, I arrived at the airport too late. The plane ________ when I got there. A．has left B．had left C．leaves D．left 42．________ the project on time without sufficient funding was a miracle that no one ________. A．The workers completed; has expected B．The workers’ completing; had expected C．That the workers completed; has expected D．What the workers completed; had expected 43．His carelessness cost him all the money he _________. A．saved B．has saved C．had saved D．saves 44．Food __________ in a cool place in summer. A．must keep B．must be kept C．mustn’t keep 45．Currently, about 35,000 works __________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were being displayed B．are being displayed C．were displaying D．are displaying 46．Mr. Li, our headmaster, recommends that some activities ________ to celebrate the 12th anniversary of our school. A．should hold B．are held C．be held D．will be held 47．In warm weather fruit and meat ________ long. A．don’t keep B．cannot be kept C．are not kept D．are not keeping 48．His choice to return to his hometown ________ a turning point in his life, which led to great progress in his career. A．proved B．was proved C．has proved D．has been proved 49．What the professor presented at the international academic conference, ______ was an in-depth analysis of the latest research findings in the field, ______ effective in sparking intense discussions among the scholars. A．where; was proved B．that; was proved C．which; proved D．as; had proved 50．Once ________ properly according to actual working conditions, the method ________ highly effective in improving work efficiency. A．being used; proves B．used; has been proved C．used; proves D．using; is proved 51．Mr. Crossett was made his teaching because of his poor health and old age. A．give up B．give in C．to give up D．to give in 52．The basketball coach, as well as his team, ________ at present for their outstanding performance during the match. A．are interviewed B．have interviewed C．is being interviewed D．is interviewing 53．Currently, about 35,000 works, along with various art forms ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 54．There is a notice on the gate of the library ________ that it is closed because the ceilings ________ for the moment. A．to say; being repaired B．says; are repaired C．saying; are being repaired D．saying; have been repaired 55．In the weeks before the Academy Awards ceremony, movie reviewers make predictions about which movies and actors _________. A．had been awarded B．will award C．would award D．will be awarded 二、完形填空 The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal, and it changed my career. Our first task was to write a response to the customer’s request for a 56 update. The customer offered nothing and he simply said, “Just about the future development of our brand, and I want to see what you 57 .” However, through all the confusion in dealing with this 58 project, many of my 59 about work were answered. I was extremely 60 about the task as well as my new role. I was confused. What was the 61 way to meet the customer’s 62 ? Full of anxiety, I tried various 63 — brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining. 64 , after a lot of stress, my ideas became more organized and the content 65 . I had my understanding of the customer’s needs, and my reasons for it. I finished my 66 with uncertainty, had it 67 and submitted (提交) it. To my surprise, I received their full 68 . The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts. My 69 and newfound confidence upon hearing their feedback could not be overstated. What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a business proposal. I learned to be open to new 70 . This project gave me the confidence, critical-thinking skills and courage to try a new career path. 56．A．brand B．climate C．computer D．society 57．A．give in to B．take part in C．come up with D．break away from 58．A．well-organized B．old-fashioned C．open-ended D．cold-blooded 59．A．ideas B．dreams C．plans D．questions 60．A．calm B．nervous C．certain D．proud 61．A．proper B．strange C．wrong D．single 62．A．habits B．hobbies C．needs D．companies 63．A．feelings B．jobs C．tasks D．strategies 64．A．Suddenly B．Particularly C．Eventually D．Factually 65．A．fell into place B．got into trouble C．settled into routine D．sank into silence 66．A．homework B．proposal C．order D．speech 67．A．refused B．received C．forgotten D．checked 68．A．approval B．doubt C．blame D．refusal 69．A．luck B．relief C．pity D．worry 70．A．changes B．challenges C．plans D．teammates 三、阅读理解 At Cheverton Lodge Care Home, festive jingling breaks out from 17-year-old Ted Mayer’s speaker as he launches into his Christmas set. A seasoned volunteer, he has been singing in care homes since he was six. Ted’s charm has won over many in the audience, particularly the older ladies. But it’s not for everyone, Jeanette Hodes, 92, offers an impatient “Come on, get on with it” and leans back in her chair. On a nearby trolley (小推车), a cat’s cradle (翻花绳) has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth, offering cheerfully-recalled anecdotes of the time when she learnt double Dutch (双人跳绳) with friends as her mother could not afford to buy her a Sindy doll. Looking on fondly is Jill Fraser, 68, the founder of Kissing it Better (KiB), a charity working to reduce isolation in the trolley of assorted old treasures. A faded Beatrix Potter hardback. Jackie magazine and biography of Lord Mountbatten are piled on top of one another. Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly. Anna Giannotti, 63, an art psychotherapist who is paid for a few hours a week by KiB, says, “Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future.” The youngest volunteer of the day, Mariella Hafalla, 16, finds the frankness of the older generation refreshing. “I really enjoyed the session where we talked about what the residents did when they were younger,” she says. “I found out how people used to go outside all of the time but now we are all online so it has helped me realize the importance of going outside.” 71．What brings Jeanette Hodes back to her youth? A．Buying a Sindy doll. B．Noticing a cat’s cradle. C．Listening to Ted’s songs. D．Learning the double Dutch. 72．Why does Fraser go around the room with the trolley? A．To offer topics that may encourage interaction. B．To check whether the elderly can recall the past. C．To collect personal belongings from the residents. D．To show volunteers how to interact with old people. 73．What is Anna Giannotti’s attitude towards the elderly? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Empathetic. D．Protective. 74．Which phrase most closely reflects KiB’s approach? A．Activity over talk. B．Memory as a bridge. C．Service with a smile. D．Care through exercise. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 75 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 76 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 77 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 78 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 79 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 80 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 81 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 82 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 83 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 84 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $