暑假作业06 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态、过去将来时、主谓一致(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空)-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（译林版2020）

暑假作业06 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态、过去将来时、主谓一致 (单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 考点一、现在进行时的被动语态 (1)结构 肯定式 主语+ am/is/are being done +其他. 否定式 主语+am/is/ are not being done +其他. 一般疑问式 Am/Is/ Are +主语+ being done +其他? 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+ am/is/are(+主语)+ being done +其他? ⑵用法 ①表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常有now, at the moment等时间状语。 ②表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。 ③表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly, often等词连用，含有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 ④现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来。 现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行 的被动动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词 hold,take 等)。 It is said that the water in the lake is not being protected at the moment. 据说，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。 Are the old men being looked after by this nurse? 这些老人正由这个护士照看吗？ I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken. 我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的窗户经常被打破。 A birthday party is being held tonight.今晚将要举行一场生日晚会。 【温馨提示】 (1)现在进行时的被动语态有时也可以转换为"be +介词(under/in/on)+名词"结构。 (2)短语动词的现在进行时变被动语态时,短语动词中的介词、副词不可省略。 The topic is under discussion (= is being discussed) at the meeting. 会上正在讨论这个问题。 The plan is being carried out well. 计划进展顺利。 考点二 .现在完成时的被动语态 (1)结构 肯定式 主语+ have/has been done +其他. 否定式 主语+ have/has not been done +其他. 一般疑问式 Have/Has +主语+been done +其他？ 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+ have/has +主语+ been done +其他？ (2)用法 ①表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now, since等连用。 ②表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 ③用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已经完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 The room has already been cleaned.这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了) The professor hasn’t been sent for yet.还没有派人去请教授。(现在应派人去请医生) The car has been repaired for two hours.这台车已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修) We’ll start as soon as the speech has been finished.这演讲一完成我们就立即动身。 【温馨提示】 在使用现在完成时时，要注意现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。 动作发生的时间 可对现在有无影响 一般过去时的被动语态 过去 无 现在完成时的被动语态 过去 有 考点三.过去将来时 1 用法 过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 I thought Tom wouldn’t attend the evening party, but to my surprise, he came. 我原以为汤姆不会参加这个晚会，但是令我惊讶的是，他来了。 2 表示方法 (1)would/should +动词原形，would用于所有人称，should只用于第一人称。 Emily told us that she would not go with us, if it rained. 埃米莉告诉我们，如果下雨的话她就不和我们一起去了。 I telephoned my father yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给父亲打电话问我下周做什么。 【温馨提示】 (1)"would +动词原形"也可表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 When I was small, my mum would read me stories at night.在我小的时候，妈妈常在晚上给我讲故事。 (2)was/were going to do表示过去打算/计划做某事或客观迹象表明要发生的事。 I was going to see Mr. Brown the next day, but the appointment was cancelled. 我本打算第二天去看布朗先生的，但预约被取消了。 I thought it was going to rain.我想天要下雨了。 (3)was/were about to do表示过去正要/即将做某事，一般不与时间状语连用。 When I got there they were about to leave.我到那里的时候他们正要离开。 (4)was/ were to do表示过去计划或安排将要做某事。 Mike said he was to finish the work in a week.迈克说他打算一星期内完成这项工作。 (5)当was/were + doing用于过去将来时时,仅限于go, come, leave, start, take off等趋向性(短语)动词。 I didn’t know they were coming.我并不知道他们要来。 【温馨提示】 "Sb. be about to do... when..."句型表示"某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……"。 I was about to leave when someone knocked at the door. 我正要离开，突然有人敲门。 考点四.主谓一致 1 语法一致原则 (1)不可数名词或可数名词单数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Much equipment about the famous scientist has been purchased from the Internet. 已经从网上购买了许多关于这位著名科学家的设备。 Every part is to be carefully checked before they are put together. 组装之前,每一个部件都要仔细检查。 (2)复合不定代词anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing及不定代词either, each等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Everyone of us is ready for the sports meeting. 我们每个人都为运动会做好准备了。 (3)单个的动词不定式(短语)、v-ing(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Dancing to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐跳舞使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 When we could finish the task is not known yet. 我们何时能完成这项任务还未知。 (4)由as well as, along with, together with, with, rather than, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等连接两部分名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与(短语)介词前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher as well as the students likes the singer. 老师和学生们都喜欢这个歌手。 2 意义一致原则 (1)and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果and所连接的两个单数名词指的是同一个人、同一件事或表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。 The owner and the editor-in-chief of the newspaper are to attend the conference. 这家报纸的业主和主编将参加这次会议。 The knife and fork is on the desk. 这套刀叉在桌子上。 【温馨提示】 如果and连接两个"every/each +名词"的结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 Every boy and every girl in our class has made great progress. 我们班的每个男孩和女孩都取得了很大的进步。 (2)"all/most/half/the rest/... + of +名词/代词"或"分数/百分数+名词/代词"作主语时，若名词或代词表示单数概念或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。 The rest of the buildings were easy to get to and the rest of his time was spent in enjoying the beautiful scenes. 其余的建筑物并不难到达，他剩下的时间都用在欣赏美景上了。 (3)表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时常被当作一个整体来看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。 Twenty kilometers is quite a long distance. 20千米是相当长的一段距离。 (4)集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题 ①有的集体名词表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常也用复数形式，比如cattle, people, police等。 How many people were at the meeting？ 有多少人参加了会议？ ②有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。若视为整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调集体中的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式，比如family, class, audience, team, group, band, committee(委员会)等。 My family is such a happy one that many friends admire me a lot. 我的家庭很幸福，,很多朋友都很羡慕我。 ③有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式，比如clothing, equipment, furniture, jewellery, poetry等。 The furniture in this room has been made to order. 这个房间的家具是定做的。 【温馨提示】 单复数形式相同的名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式应根据其表达的意义来确定。这类名词有means, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not all means are useful. 并非所有的方法都有用。 (5) "the +形容词/分词"表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The wounded were saved by the villagers at last. 最后，村民救了伤员。 3 就近原则 (1)either... or..,... or..., neither... nor..., not only... but also..., not...but...等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近谓语动词的名词或代词决定。 Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go climbing. 不仅学生想去爬山,老师也想。 (2)there be 句型中的be动词应与离其最近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。 单句语法填空 1．Get a load of the sculpture! The live broadcast (bring) to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. 2．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. 3．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. 4．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. 5．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. 6．The site (develop) by a French company at present. 7．Don’t call Marry. She (interview) right now. 8．In order to be a completely car-free city, almost half of the street-level parking spaces (remove) at present. 9．The house (decorate) now for the New Year’s celebration. 10．Currently, about 35,0000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. 11．The fire has got to the fifth floor. Have all the people (save)? 12．Poachers (punish) strictly, deterring wildlife crimes. 13．Poaching incidents (reduce), decreasing wildlife fatalities from thousands to hundreds annually. 14．Over the past few decades, the air pollution of the city (reduce) by20% thanks to the strict measures taken by the government. 15．Over the past eighty years, Jane Eyre (translate) into more than 50 languages. 16．So far, nothing like this (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. 17．More than one generation of school children to date (amaze) by Franklin’s bravery and scientific approach to looking for the truth. 18．The construction of the two new railway lines (complete) by now. 19．Up to now, more than 90 rooms (decorate) with the valuable paintings. 20．Lately, the horse-faced skirt, as a traditional Chinese fashion, (accept) by the young. 21．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 22．So far, this novel (translate) into several languages. 23．So far, the site (conduct) the final preparation and rehearsal (彩排) for the launch, including fueling up the cargo craft and transferring the spacecraft-rocket combination to the launching area. 24．A large amount of money (raise) for charity so far. 25．Large amounts of money (spend) in rebuilding the old temple in the last two years. 26．The temple (build) for two years and it is still in construction. 27．Our headmaster said that there (be) a sports meeting next month. 28．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days. 29．I wasn’t sure whether the postman (deliver) me the package on time. 30．Last Sunday he promised he (come) but he hasn’t arrived until now. 31．—What did your son say in the letter? —He told me that he (visit) the Disney World the next day. 32．He told me that he (go) to Beijing tomorrow. 33．We were not sure whether they were going (grow) more vegetables. 34．Father said that he (take) me to Beijing the next year. 35．I hoped Tina (come) to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. 36．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 37．From the time I met Alicia, I knew she the next big thing in the technology world. (be) 38．When the Internet first appeared, few people believed that it (become) popular. 39．Not only I but also my students (be) attending the meeting. 40．Not only the teacher but also the students (be) against the plan yesterday. 41．Last year, neither the experts nor the physician (be) enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease. 42．Either the students or he (be) to perform the experiment that is due tomorrow. 43．Very few deer (shoot) since 2 years ago. 44．Large amounts of money (spend) on medical treatment since last year. 45．Twenty years (be) a short time in history. 46．Forty dollars (be) much for him. 47．He wished to join the army, but (reject) as medically unfit. 48．With this goal in mind, a virus (release) onto the island in the 1970s. 49．It was dark at that moment but some children around instead of going home. (wander) 50．Over the past few decades, using chemical fertilizers very common in farming. (become) 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 In the past year, I had an unforgettable experience of learning tai chi. Honestly speaking, I admitted that I 1 (feel) hesitant at first but with time passing by, it really had a huge effect on me 2 (physical) and mentally. Not only were I deeply impressed by the moves that caught my imagination, such as “white crane spreading its wings” and “golden rooster standing on one leg”, but also I 3 (inspire) to explore Chinese culture. It is all about keeping a balance between yin and yang, 4 are believed to form the unity of opposites. The practice of taichi aims 5 (maintain) the balance of our body through opposite 6 (movement): up and down, left and right, forwards and backwards, breathing in and breathing out. By performing the routine, tai chi eventually brings 7 a state of physical and mental peace. No wonder it is a best way to relax your mind and body. I also experienced a short period of tiredness and boredom. Thanks to the patient guidance of professional coach, I gradually found to my 8 (satisfy) that I could focus on peace of mind and sleep better, 9 (enable) me to stay cool under pressure. I am sure I will continue to practice tai chi and enjoy 10 benefits it has brought me. Passage 2 Two giant pandas, Jinxi and Zhuyu, 11 (leave) for the Madrid Zoo in Spain next Monday for a 10-year residency, according to the China Wildlife Conservation Association on Wednesday. The panda couple come from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in southwest China’s Sichuan Province. This action 12 (base) on the agreement on international conservation cooperation and research of giant pandas. It is 13 (further) the friendship of the two countries 14 (build) upon pandas. According to the reports, three Spain-born giant pandas, together with their parents, returned to China on February after living in Spain for more than a decade. 15 all preparations made before transportation, the Chinese and Spanish sides are actively making efforts to ensure that the two giant pandas 16 (safe) arrive at Madrid Zoo. It will be helpful for them to adapt 17 the new environment. According to the Xinhua News, the base has customized 18 special air transport cage to ensure that pandas can move freely, feed and rest inside the cage, and that the temperature inside the cabin is maintained at a 19 (suit) level. It is also arranged 20 a sufficient amount of fresh and high-quality local bamboo and bamboo shoots in Sichuan are prepared. Passage 3 In 1996, Yi Shu, one of Hong Kong’s most beloved novelists, 21 (deal) with parent-child relationships with the book: Cheng Huan Ji(Bringing Joy to Parents). Now, 28 years later, this story has been adapted into the new drama, Best Choice Ever, 22 has soon become a hit since its recent release on Tencent Video. With Yang Zi and He Saifei starring as a 29-year-old woman Mai Chenhuan from Shanghai and her commanding mother, the drama focuses 23 the girl’s self growth. Chemuan sticks to her own desires for love and professional success, 24 (struggle)hard to live up to her mother’s expectations at the same time. Originally the novel 25 (set)in Hong Kong in 1995, however, scriptwriter Li Jingling has successfully changed the story to a more recent period in Shanghai, noting its unique 26 (explore)of parent-child and family relationships. Despite the fact that Tian Yu, the director. along with most of the key creators are not natives of Shanghai, the drama has got Shanghai’s city life properly. During 27 special three-month visit to Shanghai, Tian Yu visited local attractions, cafes, and restaurants to know more about the citizens and 28 (they) daily life. Excited about the drama’s popularity, Li Jingjing also wished that the series would inspire younger viewers 29 (have)a better understanding of their parents and can 30 (true)embrace their parents’ values by learning how to balance filial love with the pursuit of their own ambitions. Passage 4 Twelve animal head statues of the Chinese zodiac(生肖) are well-known treasures from Yuanmingyuan, or the Old Summer Palace. After Anglo-French troops broke 31 the Old Summer Palace in 1860, numerous national treasures, including the 12 animal head statues, 32 (take) away. On Nov 13, 33 red bronze horse-head statue, 34 was donated by Macao-based collector Stanley Ho, returned to Beijing. “The 35 (break) link of historical memory is thus re-connected,” Liu Yuzhu, director of the NCHA, told China Daily. “The return of these relics holds the Public’s collective emotion. People’s cultural 36 (confident) can be strengthened. It will also encourage more compatriots’(爱国者) devotion, both at home and abroad, 37 (preserve) the cultural heritage of our country better.” In the past 70 years, the Chinese government and many compatriots 38 (spare) no effort to   reclaim (拿回) lost Chinese relics and artifacts from overseas. Due to their efforts, the horse statue is the 39  (seven) of the 12 animal statues to be returned from overseas. Now, the search is on for the 40 (remain) five: a dog, a rooster, a dragon, a sheep and a snake. Passage 5 A tea bag is a small, porous packet that contains ____41___ (dry) plant material, which, when soaked in hot water, helps to make tea. Tea bags are ___42___ (general) made of filter paper. Tea bags range from a square or rectangular shape to a tetrahedral (四面体的) and even circular shape. There’s typically ___43__ small string attached to each tea bag with a paper label at the top. Tea bags ____44____ (use) since the 8th century — in the era of the Tang dynasty. In those days paper was folded and sewn into square bags so that tea flavors could be preserved for a long time, ____45___ (lay) the foundation for modern tea bags. The modern version of tea bags first appeared in the Western World as early as 1903. Commercially, however, tea bags made their appearance around 1908, ____46____ coffee importer Thomas Sullivan shipped his silk tea bags all over the world. Those tea bags were supposed ____47____ (tear) before use, and their loose contents were then poured into hot water to brew tea. However, people found that it was more convenient to brew tea ____48____ the tea leaves still enclosed in the bags. Since dipping tea bags into water didn’t seem to cause any change in the taste, people gradually did away with the practice of ____49____ (remove) the tea bag, and started dipping it directly into hot water instead. It’s generally advised to not squeeze a tea bag soaked in hot water. When you squeeze a tea bag, more tannins (鞣质) are released into the liquid. The result of this is that the drink becomes too bitter, or ____50____ some call it, “too strong”. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 暑假作业06 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态、过去将来时、主谓一致 (单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 考点一、现在进行时的被动语态 (1)结构 肯定式 主语+ am/is/are being done +其他. 否定式 主语+am/is/ are not being done +其他. 一般疑问式 Am/Is/ Are +主语+ being done +其他? 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+ am/is/are(+主语)+ being done +其他? ⑵用法 ①表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常有now, at the moment等时间状语。 ②表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。 ③表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly, often等词连用，含有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 ④现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来。 现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行 的被动动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词 hold,take 等)。 It is said that the water in the lake is not being protected at the moment. 据说，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。 Are the old men being looked after by this nurse? 这些老人正由这个护士照看吗？ I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken. 我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的窗户经常被打破。 A birthday party is being held tonight.今晚将要举行一场生日晚会。 【温馨提示】 (1)现在进行时的被动语态有时也可以转换为"be +介词(under/in/on)+名词"结构。 (2)短语动词的现在进行时变被动语态时,短语动词中的介词、副词不可省略。 The topic is under discussion (= is being discussed) at the meeting. 会上正在讨论这个问题。 The plan is being carried out well. 计划进展顺利。 考点二 .现在完成时的被动语态 (1)结构 肯定式 主语+ have/has been done +其他. 否定式 主语+ have/has not been done +其他. 一般疑问式 Have/Has +主语+been done +其他？ 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+ have/has +主语+ been done +其他？ (2)用法 ①表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now, since等连用。 ②表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 ③用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已经完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 The room has already been cleaned.这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了) The professor hasn’t been sent for yet.还没有派人去请教授。(现在应派人去请医生) The car has been repaired for two hours.这台车已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修) We’ll start as soon as the speech has been finished.这演讲一完成我们就立即动身。 【温馨提示】 在使用现在完成时时，要注意现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。 动作发生的时间 可对现在有无影响 一般过去时的被动语态 过去 无 现在完成时的被动语态 过去 有 考点三.过去将来时 1 用法 过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 I thought Tom wouldn’t attend the evening party, but to my surprise, he came. 我原以为汤姆不会参加这个晚会，但是令我惊讶的是，他来了。 2 表示方法 (1)would/should +动词原形，would用于所有人称，should只用于第一人称。 Emily told us that she would not go with us, if it rained. 埃米莉告诉我们，如果下雨的话她就不和我们一起去了。 I telephoned my father yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给父亲打电话问我下周做什么。 【温馨提示】 (1)"would +动词原形"也可表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 When I was small, my mum would read me stories at night.在我小的时候，妈妈常在晚上给我讲故事。 (2)was/were going to do表示过去打算/计划做某事或客观迹象表明要发生的事。 I was going to see Mr. Brown the next day, but the appointment was cancelled. 我本打算第二天去看布朗先生的，但预约被取消了。 I thought it was going to rain.我想天要下雨了。 (3)was/were about to do表示过去正要/即将做某事，一般不与时间状语连用。 When I got there they were about to leave.我到那里的时候他们正要离开。 (4)was/ were to do表示过去计划或安排将要做某事。 Mike said he was to finish the work in a week.迈克说他打算一星期内完成这项工作。 (5)当was/were + doing用于过去将来时时,仅限于go, come, leave, start, take off等趋向性(短语)动词。 I didn’t know they were coming.我并不知道他们要来。 【温馨提示】 "Sb. be about to do... when..."句型表示"某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……"。 I was about to leave when someone knocked at the door. 我正要离开，突然有人敲门。 考点四.主谓一致 1 语法一致原则 (1)不可数名词或可数名词单数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Much equipment about the famous scientist has been purchased from the Internet. 已经从网上购买了许多关于这位著名科学家的设备。 Every part is to be carefully checked before they are put together. 组装之前,每一个部件都要仔细检查。 (2)复合不定代词anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing及不定代词either, each等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Everyone of us is ready for the sports meeting. 我们每个人都为运动会做好准备了。 (3)单个的动词不定式(短语)、v-ing(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Dancing to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐跳舞使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 When we could finish the task is not known yet. 我们何时能完成这项任务还未知。 (4)由as well as, along with, together with, with, rather than, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等连接两部分名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与(短语)介词前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher as well as the students likes the singer. 老师和学生们都喜欢这个歌手。 2 意义一致原则 (1)and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果and所连接的两个单数名词指的是同一个人、同一件事或表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。 The owner and the editor-in-chief of the newspaper are to attend the conference. 这家报纸的业主和主编将参加这次会议。 The knife and fork is on the desk. 这套刀叉在桌子上。 【温馨提示】 如果and连接两个"every/each +名词"的结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 Every boy and every girl in our class has made great progress. 我们班的每个男孩和女孩都取得了很大的进步。 (2)"all/most/half/the rest/... + of +名词/代词"或"分数/百分数+名词/代词"作主语时，若名词或代词表示单数概念或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。 The rest of the buildings were easy to get to and the rest of his time was spent in enjoying the beautiful scenes. 其余的建筑物并不难到达，他剩下的时间都用在欣赏美景上了。 (3)表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时常被当作一个整体来看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。 Twenty kilometers is quite a long distance. 20千米是相当长的一段距离。 (4)集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题 ①有的集体名词表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常也用复数形式，比如cattle, people, police等。 How many people were at the meeting？ 有多少人参加了会议？ ②有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。若视为整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调集体中的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式，比如family, class, audience, team, group, band, committee(委员会)等。 My family is such a happy one that many friends admire me a lot. 我的家庭很幸福，,很多朋友都很羡慕我。 ③有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式，比如clothing, equipment, furniture, jewellery, poetry等。 The furniture in this room has been made to order. 这个房间的家具是定做的。 【温馨提示】 单复数形式相同的名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式应根据其表达的意义来确定。这类名词有means, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not all means are useful. 并非所有的方法都有用。 (5) "the +形容词/分词"表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The wounded were saved by the villagers at last. 最后，村民救了伤员。 3 就近原则 (1)either... or..,... or..., neither... nor..., not only... but also..., not...but...等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近谓语动词的名词或代词决定。 Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go climbing. 不仅学生想去爬山,老师也想。 (2)there be 句型中的be动词应与离其最近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。 单句语法填空 1．Get a load of the sculpture! The live broadcast (bring) to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. 【答案】is being brought 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看看这个雕塑！这场直播来自地球上最大的博物馆之一。由“Get a load of the sculpture!”可知，现在正在进行现场直播，broadcast和bring之间是被动关系，因此句子用现在进行时的被动语态be being done，主语The live broadcast是单数，因此空格处是is being brought。故填is being brought。 2．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. 【答案】are being shown 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being shown。 3．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. 【答案】are being applied 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前更多的新技术正在信息技术领域得到应用。由时间状语at present可知，此处应用现在进行时。主语more new technologies与apply之间为被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数形式，故填are being applied。 4．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. 【答案】are being improved 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们现在生活在一个快速发展的社会，我们的生活条件正在一天天改善。本句是and连接的并列句，improve作后句谓语，根据前文的are now living可知，用现在进行时，和主语life conditions之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为复数。故填are being improved。 5．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. 【答案】are being designed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，重量训练课程正在设计中，并将很快加入我们的课程。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语Weight training classes和design“设计”为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being designed。 6．The site (develop) by a French company at present. 【答案】is being developed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前，该网站正在由一家法国公司开发。develop作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，根据时间状语at present可知，用现在进行时，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The site为第三人称单数。故填is being developed。 7．Don’t call Marry. She (interview) right now. 【答案】is being interviewed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：别给玛丽打电话。她现在正在接受采访。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据语境“Don’t call Marry.”以及时间状语“right now”可知，玛丽现在正接受采访，且interview与主语she之间为被动关系，所以此处使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填is being interviewed。 8．In order to be a completely car-free city, almost half of the street-level parking spaces (remove) at present. 【答案】are being removed 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：为了成为一个完全没有汽车的城市，目前几乎一半的街道停车位正在被拆除。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据句中时间状语at present可知，此处应用现在进行时态，表示动作正在进行。主语parking spaces与动词remove是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填are being removed。 9．The house (decorate) now for the New Year’s celebration. 【答案】is being decorated 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：房子正在装饰，准备庆祝新年。房子是被装饰，由now可知，是现在正在被装饰，句子用现在进行时的被动语态is/are being done，主语house是单数，因此空格处是is being decorated。故填is being decorated。 10．Currently, about 35,0000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. 【答案】are being displayed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，大约有 35000 件作品正陈列在卢浮宫的 300 多个展室里。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有Currently作时间状语，描述的是现在正在进行的事情，谓语用现在进行时，主语works和动词display是被动关系，用被动语态结构，be动词用are。故填are being displayed。 11．The fire has got to the fifth floor. Have all the people (save)? 【答案】been saved 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：大火已经蔓延到五楼。所有的人都得救了吗？主语people和动词save之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态；根据句意和句中的have可知，应该用现在完成时。故填been saved。 12．Poachers (punish) strictly, deterring wildlife crimes. 【答案】are being punished 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：偷猎者受到严厉惩罚，遏制了野生动物犯罪。由deterring wildlife crimes可知，句子表示“偷猎者正在受到严厉惩罚”，空格处用现在进行时的被动语态be being done，主语Poachers是复数，因此空格处是are being punished。故填are being punished。 13．Poaching incidents (reduce), decreasing wildlife fatalities from thousands to hundreds annually. 【答案】are being reduced 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：偷猎事件正在减少，野生动物死亡人数从每年数千人减少到数百人。由句意及空前的Poaching incidents可知应填谓语动词，主语Poaching incidents与reduce之间为被动关系且动作正在进行，应用现在进行的被动语态。故填are being reduced。 14．Over the past few decades, the air pollution of the city (reduce) by20% thanks to the strict measures taken by the government. 【答案】has been reduced 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：过去的几十年，在政府采取的严格的措施下，城市的空气污染减少了20%。此处作谓语动词，主语为the air pollution，为单数，与reduce之间为被动关系，且时间状语为over the past few years，故应用现在完成时的被动，故填has been reduced。 15．Over the past eighty years, Jane Eyre (translate) into more than 50 languages. 【答案】has been translated 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的八十年，《简爱》已经被翻译成了50多种语言。此空作谓语动词，Jane Eyre作主语，为单数，根据时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语与translate之间为被动关系，故填has been translated。 16．So far, nothing like this (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. 【答案】has been invented 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，这样的东西还没有被发明出来，我们离这样的发明还有很长的路要走。根据So far可知，本句为现在完成时，主语nothing 与invent为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been invented。 17．More than one generation of school children to date (amaze) by Franklin’s bravery and scientific approach to looking for the truth. 【答案】has been amazed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，不止一代的学生都被富兰克林的勇气和寻找真理的科学方法所震惊。此空为谓语动词，根据时间状语to date意为“到目前为止”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，amaze与主语More than one generation of school children之间为被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语被more than one修饰时，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填has been amazed。 18．The construction of the two new railway lines (complete) by now. 【答案】has been completed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这两条新铁路线的建设到现在已经完成。根据时间状语by now可知，应用现在完成时，且主语The construction of the two new railway lines与词complete之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填has been completed。 19．Up to now, more than 90 rooms (decorate) with the valuable paintings. 【答案】have been decorated 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已有90多个房间装饰着这些珍贵的画作。主语rooms和动词decorate之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Up to now可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been decorated。 20．Lately, the horse-faced skirt, as a traditional Chinese fashion, (accept) by the young. 【答案】has been accepted 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最近，马面裙作为一种中国传统时尚，被年轻人所接受。根据句中的Lately可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语the horse-faced skirt和accept之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been accepted。 21．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 【答案】have been removed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于移动电话，到目前为止，成千上万的红色电话亭——英国的旧形象，已经被拆除。主语phone boxes和动词remove之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Up to now可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been removed。 22．So far, this novel (translate) into several languages. 【答案】has been translated 【详解】考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这部小说已经被翻译成多种语言。结合So far可知，translate“翻译”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，由此可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，动词translate与主语this novel之间是动宾关系，因而需用现在完成时的被动语态，又因主语this novel是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been translated。 23．So far, the site (conduct) the final preparation and rehearsal (彩排) for the launch, including fueling up the cargo craft and transferring the spacecraft-rocket combination to the launching area. 【答案】has conducted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，该基地已经进行了发射的最后准备和彩排，包括给货运飞船加油和将飞船-火箭组合转移到发射区域。根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为the site，助动词用has。故填has conducted。 24．A large amount of money (raise) for charity so far. 【答案】has been raised 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经为慈善事业筹集了一大笔钱。根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语A large amount of money和raise为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been raised。 25．Large amounts of money (spend) in rebuilding the old temple in the last two years. 【答案】have been spent 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年中，为了重建这座古庙花费了大量的资金。spend作本句谓语，根据时间状语in the last two years可知，用现在完成时，主语是money，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been spent。 26．The temple (build) for two years and it is still in construction. 【答案】has been built 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这座寺庙已经建成两年了，目前仍在建设中。主语temple与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文for two years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been built。 27．Our headmaster said that there (be) a sports meeting next month. 【答案】would be 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们校长说下个月将有一次运动会。根据主句谓语said和从句时间状语next month可知，从句系动词be应用过去将来时，表示从过去的角度看将要发生的事情。故填would be。 28．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days. 【答案】would stay 【详解】考查时态。句意：爱丽丝告诉我她将在家乡再待两天。根据主句时态可知，用过去时态。再根据从句时间状语for two more days可知，用过去将来时。根据句意，故填would stay。 29．I wasn’t sure whether the postman (deliver) me the package on time. 【答案】would deliver 【详解】考查时态。句意：我不敢肯定邮递员是否会准时给我送来包裹。“wasn’t sure whether...” 表示“不确定是否……”，这里whether引导宾语从句，主句时态是一般过去时，结合“主过从过”的原则，从句的时态可以使用过去将来时 would deliver，表示“邮递员是否会按时给我送包裹”。故填would deliver。 30．Last Sunday he promised he (come) but he hasn’t arrived until now. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上星期天他答应来的，可到现在还没有到。promised后面为省略了that的宾语从句，缺少谓语动词，结合promised和but he hasn’t arrived until now可知，表示相对于过去将要发生的动作，此处使用过去将来时。故填would come。 31．—What did your son say in the letter? —He told me that he (visit) the Disney World the next day. 【答案】would visit 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你儿子在信里说了什么？——他告诉我他第二天要去迪斯尼乐园。分析句子可知，句子为that引导的宾语从句，主句为一般过去式，根据从句中the next day可知，从句动作为从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，句式为“主语+would+动词原形”，“visit”意为“参观”，动词词性，故填would visit。 32．He told me that he (go) to Beijing tomorrow. 【答案】would go 【详解】考查时态。句意：他告诉我他明天要去北京。根据句中told可知，主句使用一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态，且结合从句中的tomorrow可知，从句描述的动作从过去看，在将来某一时刻发生，应用过去将来时，即would go。故填would go。 33．We were not sure whether they were going (grow) more vegetables. 【答案】to grow 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们不确定他们是否会种植更多的蔬菜。根据句意和前文were not sure及were going可知，此处应用to grow和前文were going构成过去将来时。故填to grow。 34．Father said that he (take) me to Beijing the next year. 【答案】would take 【详解】考查时态。句意：父亲说第二年他要带我去北京。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据前文said和后文the next year可知，此处应用过去将来时，表示从过去看将要发生的事情。故填would take。 35．I hoped Tina (come) to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查时态。句意：我希望蒂娜下周三能准时来参加我的生日聚会。根据前文hoped和后文the next Wednesday可知，此处应用过去将来时，表示从过去某时间看将要发生的动作。故填would come。 36．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 【答案】was going to be /would be 【详解】考查时态。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦出生于1879年。当他还是个孩子的时候，很少有人想到他会成为一个著名的科学家，他的理论会改变世界。这里用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填was going to be /would be。 37．From the time I met Alicia, I knew she the next big thing in the technology world. (be) 【答案】would be 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：从我见到艾丽西娅的那一刻起，我就知道她将成为科技界的下一个大人物。分析句子结构可知，本句是省略that的宾语从句，be作从句谓语，根据next big thing可知，应用将来时，根据knew知，用过去将来时。故填would be。 38．When the Internet first appeared, few people believed that it (become) popular. 【答案】would become 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当互联网刚出现的时候，很少有人相信它会变得流行起来。过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，构成为：would+动词原形。动词become意为“变得”。根据语境和believed可知，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去将来时。故填would become。 39．Not only I but also my students (be) attending the meeting. 【答案】are 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：不光是我，还有我的学生也要参加会议。这里考查了not only...but also...引导的主谓一致原则，按照语法要求，谓语需要遵循就近一致原则，和but also后面的主语相一致，故使用复数形式。再根据横线后的attending判断，句子使用了现在进行时，故答案填are。 40．Not only the teacher but also the students (be) against the plan yesterday. 【答案】were 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：昨天不仅老师而且学生们都反对这个计划。分析句子可知缺少谓语动词，be against sth表示“反对……”。句中使用not only ...but also…为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”，其连接两个主语，主谓一致应遵循“就近原则”，即和较近的主语保持一致，就近的主语the students为复数，根据后文的yesterday可知，句子应该使用一般过去时，be动词使用were。故填were。 41．Last year, neither the experts nor the physician (be) enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease. 【答案】was 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：去年，专家和医生都对这种严重疾病的治疗不感兴趣。设空处作谓语，由“Last year”可知，此句用一般过去时，neither…nor…连接两个并列名词作主语时，遵循就近原则，句中谓语动词与“the physician”保持一致，用单数形式，故填was。 42．Either the students or he (be) to perform the experiment that is due tomorrow. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：不是学生就是他要做明天要交的实验。either...or...“或者……或者……”，连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时依照就近一致原则，由空前的he可知，此处谓语动词应用单数，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故填is。 43．Very few deer (shoot) since 2 years ago. 【答案】have been shot 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自两年前以来，很少有鹿被射杀。since+过去时间，句子用现在完成时，主语Very few deer和谓语动词shoot是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，单复数同形名词deer被few修饰，此处表示复数含义，谓语复数形式。故填have been shot。 44．Large amounts of money (spend) on medical treatment since last year. 【答案】have been spent 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自从去年以来，大量的钱被花在医疗上。分析句子可知，空白处在句中作谓语，句子的时间状语是since last year，所以句子应用现在完成时，“large amounts of+名词”作句子主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式，主语Large amounts of money与谓语spend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been spent。 45．Twenty years (be) a short time in history. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：20年在历史上是很短的时间。陈述事实用一般现在时，此处主语Twenty years看作一个整体，谓语用单数。故填is。 46．Forty dollars (be) much for him. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：四十美元对他来说太多了。当表示金钱等的名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，其谓语动词用单数形式。本句中的主语是Forty dollars，其后的谓语应用单数。再根据句意，这里陈述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故填is。 47．He wished to join the army, but (reject) as medically unfit. 【答案】was rejected 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：他想参军，但因身体不适而被拒绝了。此空为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词wished以及句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，且reject与主语he之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was rejected。 48．With this goal in mind, a virus (release) onto the island in the 1970s. 【答案】was released 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：带着这个目标，一种病毒在20世纪70年代被释放到岛上。release(释放)是谓语动词，与主语a virus之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in the 1970s可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，又因主语是单词名词，谓语用单数形式。故填was released。 49．It was dark at that moment but some children around instead of going home. (wander) 【答案】were wandering 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：那时天已经黑了，但是一些孩子没有回家，而是在四处游荡。表示转折意义的but连接两个句子，所以此空为谓语动词，根据时间状语at that moment可知，此处应使用过去进行时，主语some children与wander之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were wandering。 50．Over the past few decades, using chemical fertilizers very common in farming. (become) 【答案】has become 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，使用化肥在农业中已经变得非常普遍。由Over the past few decades可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语是动名词短语using chemical fertilizers，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是has become。故填has become。 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 In the past year, I had an unforgettable experience of learning tai chi. Honestly speaking, I admitted that I 1 (feel) hesitant at first but with time passing by, it really had a huge effect on me 2 (physical) and mentally. Not only were I deeply impressed by the moves that caught my imagination, such as “white crane spreading its wings” and “golden rooster standing on one leg”, but also I 3 (inspire) to explore Chinese culture. It is all about keeping a balance between yin and yang, 4 are believed to form the unity of opposites. The practice of taichi aims 5 (maintain) the balance of our body through opposite 6 (movement): up and down, left and right, forwards and backwards, breathing in and breathing out. By performing the routine, tai chi eventually brings 7 a state of physical and mental peace. No wonder it is a best way to relax your mind and body. I also experienced a short period of tiredness and boredom. Thanks to the patient guidance of professional coach, I gradually found to my 8 (satisfy) that I could focus on peace of mind and sleep better, 9 (enable) me to stay cool under pressure. I am sure I will continue to practice tai chi and enjoy 10 benefits it has brought me. 【答案】 1. felt 2. physically 3. was inspired 4. which 5. to maintain 6. movements 7. about 8. satisfaction 9. enabling 10. the 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者学习太极拳的经历以及好处。 1. 考查时态。句意：老实说，我承认一开始我很犹豫，但随着时间的推移，这对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语admitted以及句意可知，本句为一般过去时。故填felt。 2. 考查副词。句意：老实说，我承认一开始我很犹豫，但随着时间的推移，这对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。副词作状语，修饰动词。故填physically。 3. 考查时态语态。句意：我不仅被“白鹤展翅”、“金鸡单腿站立”等打动了我的想象力，也激发了我对中国文化的探索。主语I与谓语inspire之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was inspired。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：这一切都是为了保持阴阳之间的平衡，阴阳被认为是对立的统一。先行词为yin and yang，设空处指代先行词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，填关系代词which。故填which。 5. 考查不定式。句意：练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持我们身体的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸气和呼气。aim to do sth目标是做某事。故填to maintain。 6. 考查名词复数。句意：练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持我们身体的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸气和呼气。根据“up and down, left and right, forwards and backwards”可知，表示多个动作，用名词复数形式。故填movements。 7. 考查介词。句意：通过练习，太极最终带来了一种身心平静的状态。bring about“产生”符合句意。故填about。 8. 考查名词。句意：在专业教练的耐心指导下，我逐渐满意地发现，我可以更好地专注于平静的心态和睡眠，让我在压力下保持冷静。设空处作宾语，填名词satisfaction“满意”，不可数；to one’s satisfaction意为“令某人满意的是”。故填satisfaction。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在专业教练的耐心指导下，我逐渐满意地发现，我可以更好地专注于平静的心态和睡眠，让我在压力下保持冷静。空处为非谓语动词，上文陈述的内容与动词enable之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填enabling。 10. 考查冠词。句意：我相信我会继续练习太极，享受它给我带来的好处。特指太极所带来的好处，用定冠词the。故填the。 Passage 2 Two giant pandas, Jinxi and Zhuyu, 11 (leave) for the Madrid Zoo in Spain next Monday for a 10-year residency, according to the China Wildlife Conservation Association on Wednesday. The panda couple come from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in southwest China’s Sichuan Province. This action 12 (base) on the agreement on international conservation cooperation and research of giant pandas. It is 13 (further) the friendship of the two countries 14 (build) upon pandas. According to the reports, three Spain-born giant pandas, together with their parents, returned to China on February after living in Spain for more than a decade. 15 all preparations made before transportation, the Chinese and Spanish sides are actively making efforts to ensure that the two giant pandas 16 (safe) arrive at Madrid Zoo. It will be helpful for them to adapt 17 the new environment. According to the Xinhua News, the base has customized 18 special air transport cage to ensure that pandas can move freely, feed and rest inside the cage, and that the temperature inside the cabin is maintained at a 19 (suit) level. It is also arranged 20 a sufficient amount of fresh and high-quality local bamboo and bamboo shoots in Sichuan are prepared. 【答案】 11. will leave 12. is based 13. to further 14. built 15. With 16. safely 17. to 18. a 19. suitable 20. that 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章详细描述了两只大熊猫将被送往西班牙马德里动物园进行为期10年的居住计划。 11. 考查动词时态。句意：中国野生动物保护协会周三表示，两只大熊猫“金喜”和“茱萸”将于下周一前往西班牙马德里动物园，开始为期10年的生活。leave为本句谓语，根据时间状语next Monday可知，句子陈述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will leave。 12. 考查固定搭配：句意：这一行动是基于国际大熊猫保护合作和研究协议。此处是固定搭配：be based on意为“基于”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语This action为第三人称单数，be动词使用is。故填is based。 13. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是为了进一步增进两国建立在大熊猫基础上的友谊。本句已有谓语动词is，所以further用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，应用不定式作表语。故填to further。 14. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是为了进一步增进两国建立在大熊猫基础上的友谊。本句已有谓语动词is，所以build用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语friendship之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填built。 15. 考查介词。句意：目前，双方已做好运输前的各项准备工作，正在积极努力，确保两只大熊猫安全抵达马德里动物园。此处是一个“with+名词+过去分词”的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，表示“所有的准备工作都做好了”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填With。 16. 考查副词。句意：目前，双方已做好运输前的各项准备工作，正在积极努力，确保两只大熊猫安全抵达马德里动物园。空处修饰空后的动词arrive，应用副词safely“安全地”，作状语。故填safely。 17. 考查介词。句意：这将有助于他们适应新环境。固定搭配：adapt to意为“适应”，to是介词。故填to。 18. 考查冠词。句意：据新华社报道，该基地定制了一个特殊的空运笼子，以确保熊猫可以自由移动，在笼子里进食和休息，并且舱内的温度保持在合适的水平。此处泛指“一个特定的空运笼子”，应用不定冠词，由于“special”的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 19. 考查形容词。句意：据新华社报道，该基地定制了一个特殊的空运笼子，以确保熊猫可以自由移动，在笼子里进食和休息，并且舱内的温度保持在合适的水平。此处修饰名词level，应用形容词suitable“合适的”，作定语。故填suitable。 20. 考查主语从句。句意：还安排了充足的新鲜和优质的四川当地竹子和竹笋。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导的主语从句为真正主语，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 Passage 3 In 1996, Yi Shu, one of Hong Kong’s most beloved novelists, 21 (deal) with parent-child relationships with the book: Cheng Huan Ji(Bringing Joy to Parents). Now, 28 years later, this story has been adapted into the new drama, Best Choice Ever, 22 has soon become a hit since its recent release on Tencent Video. With Yang Zi and He Saifei starring as a 29-year-old woman Mai Chenhuan from Shanghai and her commanding mother, the drama focuses 23 the girl’s self growth. Chemuan sticks to her own desires for love and professional success, 24 (struggle)hard to live up to her mother’s expectations at the same time. Originally the novel 25 (set)in Hong Kong in 1995, however, scriptwriter Li Jingling has successfully changed the story to a more recent period in Shanghai, noting its unique 26 (explore)of parent-child and family relationships. Despite the fact that Tian Yu, the director. along with most of the key creators are not natives of Shanghai, the drama has got Shanghai’s city life properly. During 27 special three-month visit to Shanghai, Tian Yu visited local attractions, cafes, and restaurants to know more about the citizens and 28 (they) daily life. Excited about the drama’s popularity, Li Jingjing also wished that the series would inspire younger viewers 29 (have)a better understanding of their parents and can 30 (true)embrace their parents’ values by learning how to balance filial love with the pursuit of their own ambitions. 【答案】 21. dealt 22. which 23. on 24. struggling 25. was set 26. exploration 27. a 28. their 29. to have 30. truly 【导语】本文是一篇电视剧剧评。文章主要围绕电视剧《承欢记》的改编背景、剧情梗概、主要演员、导演的创作过程以及对年轻观众的启示等方面进行了介绍和评论。 21. 考查时态。句意：1996年，香港最受喜爱的小说家之一亦舒，通过书籍《承欢记》探讨了亲子关系。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 1996”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填dealt。 22. 考查定语从句。句意：如今，28年后，这个故事被改编成新剧《承欢记》，自最近在腾讯视频上映以来迅速成为热门。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Best Choice Ever”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 23. 考查固定短语。句意：该剧由杨紫和何赛飞主演，分别饰演来自上海的29岁女性麦承欢和她的母亲，该剧聚焦于女孩的自我成长。固定短语：focus on，意为“专注于……、聚焦于……”，符合句意。故填on。 24. 考查非谓语动词。句意：麦承欢坚持自己对爱情和事业成功的渴望，同时努力满足母亲的期望。非谓语动词担当状语，主句主语“Chemuan”和动词“struggle”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填struggling。 25. 考查时态和语态。句意：原本这部小说以1995年的香港为背景。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1995”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the novel”，单数，和动词“set”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was set。 26. 考查名词。句意：然而，编剧李晶凌成功地将故事背景改为近期的上海，着重探索了亲子和家庭关系的独特性。分析句子成分，根据空前的形容词可知，空处为名词形式。故填exploration。 27. 考查冠词。句意：在对上海为期三个月的特别访问中，田宇参观了当地的景点、咖啡馆和餐馆，更多地了解了市民和他们的日常生活。修饰可数名词单数形式，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。 28. 考查代词。句意：在对上海为期三个月的特别访问中，田宇参观了当地的景点、咖啡馆和餐馆，更多地了解了市民和他们的日常生活。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词。故填their。 29. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于该剧的受欢迎程度感到兴奋的李晶凌也希望该剧能激励年轻观众更好地理解他们的父母，并通过学习如何平衡孝道与追求自己的抱负来真正拥抱父母的价值观。非谓语动词担当动词“inspire”之后的宾语补足语，用动词不定式形式。构成短语：inspire…to do…，意为“激励某人做某事”。故填to have。 30. 考查副词。句意：对于该剧的受欢迎程度感到兴奋的李晶凌也希望该剧能激励年轻观众更好地理解他们的父母，并通过学习如何平衡孝道与追求自己的抱负来真正拥抱父母的价值观。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词“embrace”。故填truly。 Passage 4 Twelve animal head statues of the Chinese zodiac(生肖) are well-known treasures from Yuanmingyuan, or the Old Summer Palace. After Anglo-French troops broke 31 the Old Summer Palace in 1860, numerous national treasures, including the 12 animal head statues, 32 (take) away. On Nov 13, 33 red bronze horse-head statue, 34 was donated by Macao-based collector Stanley Ho, returned to Beijing. “The 35 (break) link of historical memory is thus re-connected,” Liu Yuzhu, director of the NCHA, told China Daily. “The return of these relics holds the Public’s collective emotion. People’s cultural 36 (confident) can be strengthened. It will also encourage more compatriots’(爱国者) devotion, both at home and abroad, 37 (preserve) the cultural heritage of our country better.” In the past 70 years, the Chinese government and many compatriots 38 (spare) no effort to   reclaim (拿回) lost Chinese relics and artifacts from overseas. Due to their efforts, the horse statue is the 39  (seven) of the 12 animal statues to be returned from overseas. Now, the search is on for the 40 (remain) five: a dog, a rooster, a dragon, a sheep and a snake. 【答案】 31. into 32. were taken 33. a 34. which 35. broken 36. confidence 37. to preserve 38. have spared 39. seventh 40. remaining 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了圆明园文物十二生肖铜兽首被盗走，又被收回的故事。文物的收回增强了人民的文化自信，而且中国政府以及很多爱国人士仍在为流失在海外的生肖铜兽首的回归而努力。 31. 考查固定搭配。句意：1860年英法联军闯入圆明园后，包括12尊铜兽首在内的众多国宝被抢走。短语break into闯入，为固定搭配，故填into。 32. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：同上。设空处为谓语，主语national treasures与谓语take间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态，且该句主语为复数形式，因此be动词需使用复数形式，此处描述的过去是事情，应使用一般过去时。故填were taken。 33. 考查冠词。句意：11月13日，由澳门收藏家Stanley Ho捐赠的一座红色青铜马头雕像返回北京。设空处修饰名词statue表泛指，应用冠词，空后单词red以辅音音素开头，故填a。 34. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。该句是非限制性定语从句，red bronze horse-head statue为先行词，是物，从句中缺少主语，因此需使用关系代词which引导，故填which。 35. 考查形容词。句意：国家文物局局长 Liu Yuzhu在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：“断掉的历史记忆纽带被重新连接了起来。”。设空后link为名词，需形容词作定语对其修饰，表示“中断的”，故填broken。 36. 考查名词。句意：人们的文化自信可以增强。cultural为形容词，后接名词作主语，意为“文化自信”，故填confidence。 37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它还将鼓励更多的海内外同胞献身，更好地保护我国的文化遗产。该句的谓语动词为will encourage，此处用非谓语动词，表目的，应使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to preserve。 38. 考查动词时态。句意：70年来，中国政府和广大侨胞不遗余力地从海外追回流失的中国文物。设空处为谓语，根据in the past 70 years，需使用现在完成时，且句中主语为复数，故填have spared。 39. 考查数词。句意：通过他们的努力，马首是十二个铜首中第七个从海外返回的。根据句意，文中最后一句提到还有五个铜首流失在海外，说明马首是第七个返回国内的，应使用序数词。故填seventh。 40. 考查形容词。句意：现在，在搜索剩余的五个：一只狗，一只公鸡，一只龙，一只羊和一条蛇。需使用形容词修饰five作定语，根据句意，故填remaining。 Passage 5 A tea bag is a small, porous packet that contains ____41___ (dry) plant material, which, when soaked in hot water, helps to make tea. Tea bags are ___42___ (general) made of filter paper. Tea bags range from a square or rectangular shape to a tetrahedral (四面体的) and even circular shape. There’s typically ___43__ small string attached to each tea bag with a paper label at the top. Tea bags ____44____ (use) since the 8th century — in the era of the Tang dynasty. In those days paper was folded and sewn into square bags so that tea flavors could be preserved for a long time, ____45___ (lay) the foundation for modern tea bags. The modern version of tea bags first appeared in the Western World as early as 1903. Commercially, however, tea bags made their appearance around 1908, ____46____ coffee importer Thomas Sullivan shipped his silk tea bags all over the world. Those tea bags were supposed ____47____ (tear) before use, and their loose contents were then poured into hot water to brew tea. However, people found that it was more convenient to brew tea ____48____ the tea leaves still enclosed in the bags. Since dipping tea bags into water didn’t seem to cause any change in the taste, people gradually did away with the practice of ____49____ (remove) the tea bag, and started dipping it directly into hot water instead. It’s generally advised to not squeeze a tea bag soaked in hot water. When you squeeze a tea bag, more tannins (鞣质) are released into the liquid. The result of this is that the drink becomes too bitter, or ____50____ some call it, “too strong”. 【答案】41. dried 42. generally 43. a 44. have been used 45. laying 46. when 47. to be torn 48. with 49. removing 50. as 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶包使用的历史以及使用茶包的注意事项。 41.考查形容词。句意：茶包是一个小的，多孔的包，里面含有干燥的植物材料，当浸泡在热水中时，有助于泡茶。此处修饰名词material，需用形容词dried“干燥的”，作定语。故填dried。 42.考查副词。句意：茶包一般是用滤纸做的。此处修饰动词短语are made of，需用副词generally“一般”，作状语。故填generally。 43.考查冠词。句意：通常每个茶包上都有一根小绳子，上面有一个纸标签。string为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且small发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 44.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：茶包的使用始于8世纪的唐朝。根据时间状语“since the 8th century”可知，应用现在完成时，主语Tea bags和use为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been used。 45.考查非谓语动词。句意：在那个时代，人们把纸折叠缝制成方形的袋子，这样可以长期保存茶叶的味道，为现代茶包奠定了基础。分析句子可知，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，lay和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填laying。 46.考查定语从句。句意：然而，在商业上，茶包在1908年左右出现，当时咖啡进口商托马斯·沙利文(Thomas Sullivan)将他的丝绸茶包运往世界各地。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是1908，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 47.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些茶包在使用前应该被撕开，然后将其松散的内容倒入热水中泡茶。be supposed to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“应该做某事”，Those tea bags和tear为被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be torn。 48.考查介词。句意：然而，人们发现茶叶还包在袋子里泡茶更方便。表示“用”应用介词with。故填with。 49.考查非谓语动词。句意：由于将茶包浸入水中似乎不会引起任何味道的变化，人们逐渐放弃了将茶包取出的做法，而开始直接将茶包浸入热水中。介词of后面需接动名词,作宾语。故填removing。 50.考查状语从句。句意：这样做的结果是，饮料变得太苦了，或者像一些人所说的“太浓了”。空处表示“像”应用as引导方式状语从句。故填as。 ( 15 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$