专题01 选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud! 课文讲解（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语外研版

专题01选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud! 课文讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读1 课文重点词汇 课文结构 考点二 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读2 课文重点词汇 考点三 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文知识解析 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读1 Understanding ideas 原文呈现 1.Look at the pictures and tick the places where you would expect to see a clown ① . □a private garden □a circus ② □a busy street □a hospital □an amusement park ③ □a theatre Now share what you know about clowns with the class. The Best Medicine [标题赏析]本文标题一语双关：一是借用谚语"Laughter is the best medicine."点明本文的主题——用笑声治愈病人；二是作者本身在医院的角色是小丑医生，其工作对于医院的病人来说就是the best medicine。标题精炼，富含悬念，能激发读者的兴趣。 1 As I approach ④ the hospital wearing my white coat（as引导的时间状语从句，其中 wearing my white coat是动词-ing短语作伴随状语。）, I look just like any other doctor. That is until I put on ⑤ my curly ⑥ rainbow wig ⑦ , big red nose, and add my name badge ⑧ "Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud".I walk through the doors into the waiting（单个动词-ing作前置定语，表示用途，the waiting area=the area for waiting。） area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom ⑨ and tension（where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the waiting area，where在从句中作地点状语。）.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through ⑩ old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.【1】 Anxious parents do what they can（what引导的宾语从句，情态动词can后面省略了do，以避免与前面的动词do重复。what在从句中作省略了的do的宾语。） to comfort nervous and crying children（动词不定式短语作目的状语。crying为单个动词-ing作前置定语,表示正在进行的主动动作。）. 2 In the middle of this particular scene I spot ⑪ a small girl whose ankle ⑫ is twice its normal size（关系代词whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a small girl； twice its normal size是倍数表达方式。）.I speak with the on-duty ⑬ nurse, who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed ⑭ her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle（关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，who在从句中作主语。从句中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句。）. Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain ⑮ .Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury（强调句，强调从句的主语the doctors and nurses。who可用that替换。）, it’s my job to make her feel better. 3 Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.【2】 We are specially trained（动词-ed短语作前置定语，修饰clowns。） clowns who work as part of a programme known as "hospital clowning"（动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰a programme。）.I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren’t really designed for ⑯ children. I spent much of the time when I was there（when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the time。） feeling frightened and more than a little ⑰ bored! Being a clown doctor means（单个的动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。） I can help people by entertaining ⑱ them. 4 Visiting hospitals and other health carefacilities ⑲ （动词-ing短语作时间状语。）,we clown doctors（主语we的同位语） work together with medical professionals ⑳. On a typical day ㉑, we spend our time cheering up ㉒ patients, their families, and more often than not ㉓ , the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks ㉔ , singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes. Some children, though ㉕, don’t feel like ㉖ laughing, especially if they’re in pain.We have to be very sensitive ㉗ and work closely with ㉘ the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated ㉙ on each patient.【3】 5 And my magic medicine does indeed seem（"助动词do/does/did+动词原形"结构，对谓语动词进行强调，表示"的确……"。） to do the trick ㉚ . While the doctor concentrates on ㉛ examining ㉜ Lara’s ankle, I get her attention ㉝ by doing a magic trick. Although she is clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look has been replaced—first by ㉞ a small smile, and then by loud laughter as I "magically" produce ㉟ her sock from out of ㊱ my pocket（as引导的原因状语从句）.Seeing their daughter so much happier has（[思考]此处的谓语为什么用has made，而不用have made呢？） in turn ㊲ made Lara’s parents more relaxed. 6 And as for ㊳ me? Well, when I take off ㊴ my wig and my red nose, I’m still wearing a big smile ㊵ , as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day（as引导的原因状语从句） . While there might be more hospital visits ahead ㊶ for Lara and others（while意为"虽然，尽管"，相当于though/although，引导让步状语从句。）, I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit. After all ㊷ , it really is true that "laughter is the best medicine"（ it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。）. 最佳灵药 1 当我穿着白大褂走近医院的时候，我看起来跟其他医生一样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹假发和大红鼻子，别上我的名牌"拉里·笑哈哈医生"为止。我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的无聊又紧张的气氛。人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些之前已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。焦虑的父母们正竭尽所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。 2 就在这样的场景里，我注意到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成了正常的两倍。我和值班护士交谈时她告诉我，拉拉从自行车上摔了下来，她的父母匆忙将她送到医院。自从来到这里，拉拉就疼得一直大哭。尽管为她疗伤的是医生和护士，但让她感觉好些则是我的工作。 3 科学研究表明，欢笑能产生一些让人感觉更好的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生是有用的。我们是受过专门培训的小丑，是"医院小丑"项目的工作人员。我选择这个职业是由于我自己小时候去医院的经历。尽管当时医生和护士都尽职尽责，但医院实在不是个适合孩子们待的地方。我在那里的大部分时间都觉得害怕，并且感到十分无聊! 当一名小丑医生意味着我可以用让人们快乐起来的方式帮助他们。 4 作为小丑医生，我们走访医院和其他的医疗保健中心时，要和专业医疗人员一起工作。我们一天的工作内容通常是使病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员高兴起来! 为此，我们会变魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还会讲一些滑稽的笑话。尽管如此，有些孩子并不想笑，尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。我们必须非常善解人意，并且与医护人员密切合作，他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新情况。 5 而我的灵药似乎确实起作用了。当医生集中精力检查拉拉的脚踝时，我变魔术来吸引拉拉的注意。尽管她显然还有些痛苦，但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经不见了:先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我 "魔术般地"从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。看到女儿破涕为笑，拉拉的父母也因此松了一口气。 6 而我呢? 噢，当我摘下假发和红鼻子的时候，仍然笑容满面，因为我记得这天所有的乐趣和欢笑。虽然对于拉拉和其他人来说，他们将来可能会更多次到医院就诊，而我希望，小丑医生能够帮助医院成为一个更友善的就诊场所。 毕竟，"欢笑是最佳灵药"，这句话是千真万确的。 课文重点词汇 ①clown n.[C]丑角,小丑 ②circus /ˈsɜ:kəs/ n.[C]马戏团 ③an amusement park 游乐场 amusement /əˈmju:zmənt/ n.[C,usually pl.]娱乐活动;[U]娱乐，消遣 ④一词多义 ⑤put on 戴上，穿上 ⑥curly /ˈkɜ:li/ adj.卷曲的 curly hair 卷发 ⑦wig /wɪɡ/ n.[C]假发 ⑧a name badge 名牌 badge /bædʒ/ n.[C]徽章 ⑨boredom /ˈbɔ:dəm/ n.[U] 厌烦，厌倦，无聊 派生构词 bore（vt.使厌烦）+-dom（名词后缀，表示"状态"）→boredom（n.） ⑩look through 浏览，快速查看 ⑪spot /spɒt/ vt.（spotted, spotted）注意到，看见，看出，发现 ⑫ankle /ˈæŋkəl/ n.[C]脚踝 ⑬on-duty adj.值班的 拓展 on duty 值班；off duty 下班。作状语或表语。 ⑭rush vt.熟词生义 快速运输,速送 rush sb.to someplace 急忙把某人送到某地 ⑮in pain 疼痛地，痛苦地（在句中作状语） ⑯be designed for… 为……而设计的 拓展 be designed to do sth.旨在做某事 by design 故意地（=on purpose） ⑰more than a little 非常，十分 ⑱entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/ vt.& vi.使快乐，娱乐 ⑲health care facilities 医疗保健中心 health care n.[U]医疗保健 facility n.[C]熟词生义（供特定用途的）场所 ⑳professional 熟词生义 n.[C]专业人士，专家 ㉑on a typical day 平时 typical adj.熟词生义 一贯的，平常的 ㉒cheer up （使）高兴起来,（使）振作起来 拓展 cheer sb.on （赛跑、比赛等中）为某人加油 ㉓more often than not 通常，往往（=as often as not） ㉔do magic tricks 变魔术 ㉕though在此作转折副词,置于句中或句末，表示"不过，可是"，在语义上相当于but， 但与but在句中的位置不同。 比较 我们队输了，可是这也不失为一场好球。 Our team lost. It was a good game though. Our team lost.But it was a good game. ㉖feel like doing sth.想要做某事 ㉗sensitive adj.熟词生义 善解人意的，体贴的 搭配 be sensitive to… 体谅…… ㉘work closely with… 与……密切合作 ㉙update vt.熟词生义 向……提供最新信息 搭配 update sb.on sth.告知某人某事的最新消息 ㉚do the trick 奏效，达到预期效果 ㉛concentrate on （doing） sth. 专心于（做）某事 拓展 表示"专心于，致力于"的短语还有： be devoted to、devote oneself to、be absorbed/lost in、focus on/upon ㉜examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ vt.检查（身体）；考，测验 examination n.[C] 医学检查；考试;[C,U]检查，审查 ㉝get sb.’s attention 得到某人的注意 拓展 attract/catch/draw sb.’s attention吸引/引起某人的注意 ㉞be replaced by/with… 被……替换 ㉟produce vt.熟词生义 出示,展现,使出现 ㊱from out of… 在此意为"从……中出来"。 ㊲in turn 相应地，转而；轮流,依次 语境串记 At the New Year’s evening party, Mr Smith had each student perform a comedy for three minutes in turn, making the class burst into laughter, which in turn made the atmosphere of the party more pleasant.在新年晚会上，史密斯老师让每名学生依次表演一个三分钟的喜剧，全班哄然大笑，这相应地使晚会的气氛更加令人愉快。 比较 in return 作为回报；作为回应 ㊳as for 至于，关于 ㊴一词多义 ㊵wear a big smile 笑容满面 wear vt.熟词生义 面带，呈现（某种神态） ㊶ahead adv.熟词生义 将来，今后 ㊷after all 毕竟,终究 课文语篇结构 【即学即练】 一．.课文语法填空 As I enter the hospital 　1　(wear) my white coat, I am just an ordinary doctor. When I put 　2　 my curly rainbow wig, big red nose, and add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”, I become a clown doctor.  Scientific 　3　(study) show that laughter produces special chemicals to make people feel better, 　4　 means clown doctors can be of help. Being a clown doctor 　5　(mean) I can help people by entertaining them.   On 　6　 typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and usually the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes. However, some children don􀆳t want to laugh, especially if they are in pain. We have to be very sensitive and work 　7　(close) with the doctors and nurses, who keep us 　8　(update) on each patient. Although there might be more hospital visits ahead for patients, I hope that clown doctors help make the hospital a friendlier place 　9　(visit). After all, it really is true that “laughter is the 　10　(good) medicine”.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二.单句语法填空 1.She was 　　　　　(mood) during the rainy days, and was 　　　　　no mood to go out for a walk even though the rain had stopped.  2.I am writing to express my interest in the position in your recent 　　　　　(advertise) on your company􀆳s website.  3.Moved by his honesty, an 　　　　　(employ) approached him and offered him a job in his company.  4.The audience watched the clown􀆳s performance with 　　　　　, for they were 　　　　　 by his extremely 　　　　　 tricks, their laughter filling the theatre. (amuse)  5.The friends gathered around the campfire, 　　　　　 (entertain) themselves with funny stories and songs.  6.It is important to have your eyes 　　　　　 (examine) regularly to check for any sign of eye disease.  7.His experience showed that it was the efforts in the process rather than the results　　　　　mattered.  三.选词填空(其中有一项多余) cheer up;look through;do the trick;after all; be designed for;more than;concentrate on Jack was really down because he􀆳d failed his driving test again. His sister handed him a book that 1.　　　　　　 people facing setbacks like him. It was 2.　　　　　　 helpful; it was filled with tips and motivational stories.  “3.　　　　　　, Jack,” she said. “4.　　　　　　, it􀆳s just a test, and you can always try again.”  Jack took her advice to heart and started to 5.　　　　　　reading the book. And you know what? It 6.　　　　　　! Before long, he was feeling much better and ready to face the next attempt with renewed confidence.  四.完成句子 1.等待考试结果让我感到紧张和焦虑。(make+宾语+宾补) Waiting for the exam results 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 2. 听着鸟儿歌唱,我沉浸于在公园画画的乐趣中。(非谓语动词作状语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, I lost myself in the joy of painting in the park.  3.Failure teaches us valuable lessons and helps us grow stronger. (句式升级:强调主语) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  考点二 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读2 Developing ideas 原文呈现 1.Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi and share what else you know about them with the class. Mark Twain （1835-1910） was an American writer, humorist, lecturer and adventurer, who acquired international fame for ① his travel narratives ② , in particular ③ The Innocents Abroad, and for his adventure stories of boyhood ④ , such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn（who引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明an American…adventurer。）.He is regarded as ⑤ one of North America’s best and most beloved writers due to ⑥ his wit ⑦ and satire ⑧ . 马克·吐温（1835—1910），美国作家、幽默作家、演说家和冒险家。因其游记，特别是《傻子出国记》，以及童年冒险故事，如《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》而享誉国际。由于他的风趣和讽刺,他被认为是北美最优秀和最受喜爱的作家之一。 Wang Zengqi （1920-1997） was a Chinese writer. Born in Gaoyou, Jiangsu, he was deeply influenced by his family’s strong literary ⑨ tradition. His most famous works include A Tale ⑩ of Big Nur, Special Gift and Old Flavour ⑪ . Despite life’s ups and downs ⑫, his works consistently ⑬ convey ⑭ optimism ⑮ . Even in the lows ⑯ of life, he could discover the bright side ⑰ in living and put them into words in his unique humorous way. 汪曾祺（1920—1997），中国作家。他出生于江苏高邮，深受家族浓厚文学传统的影响。他最著名的作品有《大淖记事》《异秉》和《老味道》。尽管生活起伏不定，但他的作品始终传达着乐观主义。即使在生活的低谷期，他也能发现生活中光明的一面，并以他独特的幽默方式将其表达出来。 The Importance of Humour 1 Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece, and medieval ⑱ writings ⑲ are filled with ⑳ jokes. While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then（while在此意为"虽然"， 引导让步状语从句，该从句中又包含"as...as..."结构，其中第二个as引导比较状语从句。）, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on（"not only...but also..."连接并列的谓语动词。） ㉑ sensitive or emotive ㉒ issues. 2 Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for ㉓ his ability to combine humour with ㉔ more serious messages is American writer Mark Twain. Twain’s particular ㉕ style of writing is funny and often mischievous ㉖ . For example, in his classic ㉗ novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he famously says, "Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out ㉘ the wrong words.（该句中"you have to do"是省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。）" But he is equally well known for his witty remarks ㉙ in his everyday interactions ㉚ with people. For instance,while on a lecture tour of the United States（while在此意为"在……期间"。）,Twain went into a barber’s shop ㉛ to get a haircut and a shave ㉜ . The barber, not recognising him（动词-ing短语作原因状语，recognise与The barber之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。）, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain replied that he didn’t, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event ㉝ he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre（as引导的原因状语从句 ）. Twain’s response was, "That’s just my luck ㉞ . I always have to stand when that fellow ㉟ lectures ㊱ ! 3 Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour ㊲. In his essay ㊳ "On Humour", Wang used fewer than 600 characters ㊴ to introduce several humorous examples of famous people, concluding ㊵ that（动词-ing结构作状语。）, "The world is full of amusing ㊶ things. The thought of ㊷ them would always make you laugh out loud, even when you’re just sitting by yourself." 4 Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality, but also reflects a person’s attitude towards ㊸ life. He himself gives the best example to the word "humour". One day, one of his readers flattered ㊹ him by saying,"Gaoyou is famous for, first, the poet Qin Shaoyou, and second, Wang Zengqi." Wang didn’t show any displeasure ㊺ but only gave a gentle ㊻ response, "No. Gaoyou salted ㊼ duck eggs are much more famous than me. I can only stay in the third place ㊽ ." On another occasion ㊾, Wang was invited to give a speech ㊿ in the US and was scheduled to speak last. He walked to the podium and began, "Unfortunately, none of today’s speakers have last names starting with X, Y, or Z（动词-ing短语作后置定语，修饰last names。）, so I am the last one to speak. Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired. But don’t worry. My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail." 5 Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate 53 the world. Wang once said, "Life may be like a dream, short and uncertain. But I pour my true feelings into it. The world gave me its love first, so I cannot help but 54 love it back." Life is never smooth sailing 55 and sometimes can be complicated 56and cruel 57 . But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm 58for life. In fact, some may argue that 59 our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of 60Mark Twain, "Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing 61 ". 幽默的重要性 1 数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，这些同样的笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或易引起激烈争论的问题产生新的认识。 2 到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因能将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，他有一句名言:"写作很容易，你只需要把不恰当的单词划掉就行。"但他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。马克·吐温回答说:"真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着!" 3 和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。在他《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600字的篇幅介绍了著名人物的几个幽默事例，并总结道:"人世间有许多事，想一想，觉得很有意思。有时一个人坐着，想一想，觉得很有意思，会噗噗笑出声来。" 4 汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅展现了一个人的性格，还反映了一个人对生活的态度。他自己就是"幽默"这个词最好的例子。有一次，他的一位读者奉承他说: "高邮出名的，第一是诗人秦少游，第二就是汪曾祺。"汪曾祺并没有表示任何不悦，他只给了一个温和的回复，"不对，高邮咸鸭蛋比我名气大多了。我只能排第三。"还有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美国演讲，并被安排在最后一个讲话。 他走上讲台开口道: "很不幸,今天没有一个演讲者的名字是以X，Y，或Z开头的，所以我是最后一个讲话的。最后一个演讲是很困难的，因为大家都已经很疲惫了。不过别担心，我的演讲会和兔子的尾巴一样短。" 5 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白幽默不只能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来阐明世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说过:"人生如梦，短暂而缥缈，我投入的却是真情。世界先爱了我，我不能不爱它。"生活从来不是一帆风顺的，有时复杂而残酷。但幽默会帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上,有些人可能会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说: "幽默是人类头等的幸事。" 课文重点词汇 ①acquire international fame for… 因……获得国际声誉 fame /feɪm/ n.[U] 名声，声誉 拓展 rise to fame 出名 ②narrative /ˈnærətɪv/ n.[C] 描述，叙述；[U] 叙事技巧adj.叙事的 ③in particular 尤其，特别 ④boyhood n.[U]（男子的）孩童期，青少年时代 构词法 -hood 为名词后缀，表示"……的状态（或性质）"。由其构成的常见单词还 有childhood（童年）、adulthood（成年）等。 ⑤be regarded as… 被认为是…… 近义 be thought of as…、be seen/considered as… ⑥due to 由于，因为 近义 owing to、thanks to、because of、as a result of ⑦wit /wɪt/ n.[U,sing.] 风趣，才思；[pl.]智力；[C] 机智幽默的人 搭配 have a quick/sharp wit 才思敏捷/敏锐机智 派生词 witty /ˈwɪti/ adj. 说话风趣的，妙趣横生的 ⑧satire /ˈsætaɪə（r）/ n.[U] 讽刺；[C]讽刺作品 ⑨literary /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的 literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə（r）/ n.[U] 文学；文学作品 ⑩tale /teɪl/ n.[C]故事 ⑪flavour /ˈfleɪvə（r）/ n.[U] 味道 ⑫ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰；荣辱 ⑬consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/ adv. 一贯地，前后一致地 consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 ⑭convey /kənˈveɪ/ vt. 表达，传递 ⑮optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n.[U] 乐观；乐观主义 词链 optimistic（ /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的）—optimism （n.）—optimist （/ˈɒptɪmɪst/n. 乐观主义者） ⑯low 熟词生义 n.[C]（一生或事业中的）艰难时期，低谷 链高考 It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success. 从一开始就明白这一点 很重要：（人生）总有许多起起落落，没有所谓的一举成功。（北京高考） ⑰the bright side 好的方面，光明的一面 ⑱medieval /ˌmediˈi:v（ə）l/ adj. 中世纪的，中古时期的 ⑲writings n.[pl.]（某作家或专题的）著作，作品 ⑳be filled with…（=be full of…） 充满…… ㉑throw light on 使（问题等）较容易理解 ㉒emotive /ɪˈməʊtɪv/ adj.令人情绪激动的 同根词 emotion n.[C, U]情感，情绪 ㉓be remembered for… 因为……而被铭记 ㉔combine…with… 把……与……结合起来 ㉕particular adj. 熟词生义 独特的，特别的 ㉖mischievous /ˈmɪstʃɪvəs/ adj.调皮的，淘气的 ㉗classic adj.经典的 n.[C] 经典作品 比较 classical adj.古典的 ㉘cross out 划掉，删掉（错字） ㉙remark /rɪˈmɑ:k/ n.[C]言论；意见，评论 详见P028 ㉚interaction /ˌɪntərˈæktʃ（ə）n/ n.[U,C]交流 派生构词 interact（vi. 交流；相互作用）+-ion（名词后缀，表示"行为""过程"） →interaction（n.） ㉛a barber’s shop 理发店 barber /ˈbɑ:bə/ n.[C] 理发师 ㉜get/have a shave 刮脸 shave /ʃeɪv/ n.[C] & vi.& vt. 刮脸，刮胡子 ㉝event n.[C] 熟词生义 活动 ㉞just one’s luck （对自己的遭遇并不惊讶）常不走运，就这运气 ㉟fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ n.[C] 男人；家伙 ㊱lecture 熟词生义 vi.（尤指在大学里） 开讲座，讲授，讲课 ㊲sb.’s unique brand of humour 某人独特的幽默 brand /brænd/ n.[C] 类型；品牌，牌子 ㊳essay /ˈeseɪ/ n.[C] 短文，论说文 ㊴character n.[C] 熟词生义 文字，字母 ㊵conclude /kənˈklu:d/ vt. 断定；推断出；得出结论 详见P029 ㊶amusing /əˈmju:zɪŋ/ adj. 逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的 词链 amuse（vt. 逗笑，逗乐）—amused（adj. 被逗乐的；觉得好笑的）—amusing （adj.）—amusement（n.[U] 开心,愉悦,乐趣） ㊷the thought of… 一想到…… ㊸sb.’s attitude towards/to… 某人对……的态度 ㊹flatter /ˈflætə（r）/ vt. 奉承；讨好 ㊺displeasure /dɪsˈpleʒə（r）/ n.[U] 生气；不悦 派生构词 否定前缀dis- （不；非；相反）+pleasure（n.[U] 高兴；快乐） →displeasure（n.） ㊻gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温和的;温柔的 派生词 gently /ˈdʒentli/ adv. 温柔地 adj. 温和地 ㊼salted adj. 用盐腌制的 salt 熟词生义 vt. 用盐腌制（食物） ㊽in （the） first/second/third/…place 第一/第二/第三/第…… ㊾occasion n.[C] 某次，……的时候（常与介词on搭配使用） ㊿give a speech（=make/deliver a speech） 做演讲，发表演讲 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Humour has always been an important part of human behaviour, as it can not only entertain but also throw new light　1　 sensitive or emotive issues.  Mark Twain is remembered for his ability　2　(combine) humour with more serious messages. Twain’s particular style of writing is 　3　(humour) and often mischievous. For example, in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he 　4　(famous) says, “Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.”   Chinese writer Wang Zengqi, 　5　 was known for his own unique brand of humour, introduced several amusing examples of famous people in his essay “On Humour”. Wang believed that not only does humour show one’s personality, but it also 　6　(reflect) a person’s attitude towards life. He 　7　(him) gives the best example to the word “humour”. On one occasion, Wang 　8　(schedule) to speak last. He wittily responded that it was because none of the other speakers’ last names started with X, Y, or Z.  Life sometimes can be complex and cruel, 　9　 humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for it. Just as Mark Twain said, “Humor is mankind’s greatest 　10　(bless).”  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二.单句语法填空 1.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human 　　　　　 (interact).  2.Studies show, for example, that people 　　　　　(consistent) choose to take the lift instead of the stairs.  3.This led Jones to the 　　　　　 (conclude) that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.  4.The circus has been criticized for its 　　　　　(cruel) to animals, with many calling for an end to such performances.  5.When I was in low spirits, she patted me 　　　　　(gentle) on the shoulder and gave me great encouragement.  6.Once, after a particularly long and hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy 　　　　　 (swim) gracefully in the pool.  7.We should learn from his 　　　　　(optimistic) and always be optimistic 　　　　　 the possibilities that lie ahead, no matter how uncertain they seem.  8.The children were extremely enthusiastic 　　　　　the clown’s performance, showing great 　　　　　(enthusiastic) as they cheered 　　　　　(enthusiastic) throughout the whole show.  三.完成句子 1.他加快了步伐,不想在比赛中落后于他的队友们。(fall) He quickened his pace, not wanting to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 during the race. 2.《小王子》讲述了一个关于爱、友谊和智慧的感人故事,值得所有读者阅读。(一句多译:deserve) ①The Little Prince tells a heartwarming story of love, friendship, and wisdom, which 　　　　 　　　　 by all readers.  ②The Little Prince tells a heartwarming story of love, friendship, and wisdom, which 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 by all readers.  3.她那一身闪亮的红裙给观众留下了深刻的印象。(一句多译:impress) ①She 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her shiny red dress.  ②The audience 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her shiny red dress.  考点三 课文知识解析 1.amusement n．消遣，娱乐；乐趣；(常用复数)娱乐活动，娱乐用品 (教材P2)　an amusement park一所游乐园 As an amateur，he found great amusement in playing basketball.作为一个业余爱好者，他在打篮球中找到了很大的乐趣。 [知识拓展] (1)amusement park 游乐园 in amusement 开心地 to one's (great) amusement 令人感到(极)好笑的是 (2)amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快 (3)amusing adj. 有趣的；逗乐的 amused adj. 感到快乐有趣的 be amused at/by 对感到……好笑 2.look through看穿，识破(某人或某事)；浏览；仔细检查(某物)；穿过……看 (教材P2)　People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻阅着旧杂志，这些杂志以前都被看过许多遍了。 If you look through the window you can see the garden.如果你从窗户望去，可以看见花园。 [知识拓展] look on 袖手旁观 look out for 小心；搜寻(某人或某物) look to 依靠；指望(某人或某事) look down on 瞧不起 look into 调查；查找…… look over 仔细检查，审视(某人或某物) look up to 尊敬 3.be designed for 打算做……用；为……所设计 (教材P3)　Although the doctors and nurses did a great job，hospitals weren't really designed for children.虽然医生和护士做得很好，但医院并不是真正为儿童设计的。 It was said that the early European playing­cards were designed for entertainment and education.据说早期欧洲的纸牌游戏是为娱乐和教育而设计的。 [知识拓展] be designed to do/as... 为某目的或用途而制造或计划…… design sth. for sb. 为某人设计某物/某事 by design＝on purpose 故意地 4.entertain v．使快乐；款待，招待 (教材P3)　Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过使人们快乐来帮助他们。 Most children's television programmes aim to educate and entertain at the same time. 大多数儿童电视节目都旨在寓教于乐。 [知识拓展] (1)entertain sb.to sth. 用……宴客/招待/款待某人(尤指在自己家中) entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐 (2)entertainment n. 娱乐活动；款待，招待 find entertainment in 以……为乐 give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人 give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会 (3)entertaining adj. 愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的 entertainer n. 款待者；表演娱乐节目的人 5.cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 (教材P3)　On a typical day，we spend our time cheering up patients，their families，and more often than not，the hospital staff，too! 在一个特殊的日子里，我们花时间让病人、病人家属，通常还有医院工作人员振作起来！ When I'm feeling sad，my mother often tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到难过时，我的母亲经常给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴起来。 [知识拓展] (1)cheer vi.& vt. 欢呼，喝彩；vt. 鼓舞n．[C] 欢呼声，喝彩声 cheer sb. on (比赛中)为某人加油 (2)cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的；令人愉快的 6.do the trick奏效，达到预期效果 (教材P3)　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.我的魔法药似乎确实奏效了。 Sometimes a few choice words will do the trick.有时说几句尖酸刻薄的话就会有人听了。 [知识拓展] trick n． 诡计；恶作剧；窍门；花招；骗局；欺诈 vt. 欺骗；哄骗；装饰；打扮 play a trick on sb./play tricks on sb.捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑 trick sb. into sth.(doing sth.)引诱某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth.骗走某人的某物 7.concentrate on集中于……；专注于…… (教材P3)　While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara's ankle，I get her attention by doing a magic trick. 当医生专注于检查劳拉的脚踝时，我变了一个魔术来吸引她的注意。 Water companies should concentrate on reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs.自来水公司应该集中精力减少浪费，而不是修建新水库。 [知识拓展] (1)concentrate one's attention on/upon把注意力集中在…… (2)concentration n. 专心；专注 8.in turn 轮流，依次；反过来 (教材P3)　Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara's parents more relaxed. 看到他们的女儿如此快乐，反过来也让劳拉的父母更加放松。 [例]　All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.任何理论都来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。 [知识拓展] take turns to do sth./(at)doing sth. 轮流做某事 It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 take one's turn 依次，轮到某人 by turns 轮流，依次 [名师点津] in return与in turn易混，前者意为“作为回报”。 9.take off摘掉；脱下(衣服)；起飞；(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；休息，休假 (教材P3)　Well，when I take off my wig and my red nose，I'm still wearing a big smile，as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. 噢，当我摘下我的假发和红鼻子时，我仍然笑容满面，因为我记得这一天中所有的欢乐和笑声。 I'd like to take next Monday off to visit my sister in hospital.我想下星期一请假去看望我住院的姐姐。 [知识拓展] take up 开始从事；占据；占用 take in 收留；欺骗；吸入；领会 take over 接管，接手 take on 雇用；呈现；承担(责任) take away 把……带走 take it easy 不要紧 10.倍数表达法 (教材P2)　In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. 在这个特殊的场景中央，我看到一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍大。 句式分析：本句为主从复合句。whose引导定语从句。twice its normal size意为“是正常大小的两倍大”。 This street is four times the length of that one.这条街是那条街的四倍长。 The sun is many times the size of the moon.太阳是月球的许多倍大。 [知识拓展] (1)倍数the size/height/weight/length/width/depth/...＋of... (2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as... (3)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than... (4)倍数＋what从句 [名师点津] (1)对于这几种倍数表达法，我们需要注意倍数的位置；倍数部分也可用分数、百分数代替。 (2)表示两倍时，我们常用twice或double；三倍及三倍以上常用“基数词＋times”表示。 11.强调谓语动词 (教材P3)　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick. 我的魔法药似乎确实奏效了。 句式分析：句中does起强调作用，强调谓语动词seem，意为“的确；确实”。 She does go to school every day.她确实是每天都去上学。 They do want to make peace with you.他们确实想与你和好。 [知识拓展] (1)did/do/does的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。 (2)do表示强调时，时态与句子的时态一致。 一．语法填空 A (2025福建漳州部分高中开学联考) “Look on the bright side” is one of those suggestions that people always consider 　1　(inspire) but less helpful. However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation quickly 　2　 (cheer) people up. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 　3　may even be helpful in keeping depressed people　4　feeling sad.  In a study 　5　(publish) earlier this year, researchers gave the participants some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos at 　6　request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 　7　(find) to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities of getting through hard times in their life than those who described the photos 　8　(direct).  So there appear to be no disadvantages of looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of depression, humor can develop an ability 　9　 (control) negative emotions. What’s more, humor has an extra benefit of 　10　(make) others around you smile. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn’t focus your mind on what you are doing, finding something that can entertain you can lift your mood.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　   B (2025山西大同名校联考) The humor effect is a cognitive bias(认知偏差) that causes people to remember information better when they regard it as humorous. For example, when students　1　(teach) a new concept(概念) in an amusing way, such as through a funny story, they􀆳re generally more likely 　2　(remember) that concept, compared to if they learn it in a non-humorous manner. Information that has the same effect 　3　 concepts includes words, sentences, pictures, and 　4　(mix) information, such as cartoons and videos.  Humor has various other benefits besides improving memory. Humor reduces negative emotions, such as anger or 　5　(anxious), which people might experience when processing certain information.  Humor leads to increased interest.　6　(add) humor to the information that you􀆳re presenting can make it more entertaining and appealing to others. For example, advertisements 　7　use humor receive more attention from people.  Humor, when properly　8　(use)in the right circumstances, can improve other people􀆳s impression of you. For example, including humor in 　9　 speech can positively impact the way in which listeners understand the speaker. 　10　(similar), using humor can improve people􀆳s impression of your warmth and competence, especially when you combine it with negative information that you need to tell.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二．阅读理解 A (2025吉林省八校期中联考) Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects, even in the darkest times. Laughter serves as a bridge, helping individuals get through pain. This is shown in Amy Herzog’s new play,Mary Jane. The play balances humor and heartbreak, providing a fresh idea on the trials of care-giving and the strength of the human spirit. Mary Jane tells the story of a single mother who raises her disabled son, Alex. The play explores friendship, unconditional mother love, and hope and despair. Despite all the challenges she faces, Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor, offering the audience a brief respite(暂缓) from her emotional trouble. The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience. This is achieved by showing the influence of Alex’s condition through the eyes of those who care for him. The audience feels the weight of his absence and his various needs, which take up most of Mary Jane’s life. Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs. Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humor that help her fight with her daily struggles. One of the most moving parts of the play is that of Mary Jane’s interactions with other mothers of disabled children. They exchange advice, encourage and entertain each other with humor. These interactions not only provide amusement but also strengthen their bond and ability to cope with problems. Norman Cousins, a professor, recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter. Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic(麻醉的) effect and gave him at least two hours of pain-free sleep. His findings show humor’s physical and psychological benefits. Research also supports the importance of laughter and humor, showing that it can reduce stress, improve moods and resilience. Humor positively and directly affects people’s health. This indicates that humor can buffer stress and improve overall mental health. 1.Which words can describe Mary Jane? A.Curious and sensitive.　 B.Careful and friendly. C.Strong and humorous.　 D.Loyal and hardworking. 2.What can we learn from the play? A.Mary Jane has no friends.　 B.Mary Jane never goes out to work. C.Mary Jane has a considerate husband.　 D.The audience seldom see Alex in the play. 3.How did Cousins recover from his illness? A.By having plenty of exercise.　 B.By laughing a lot every day. C.By having a balanced diet.　 D.By taking lots of medicine. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.The benefits of humor in overcoming life’s challenges. B.The challenges faced by single mothers raising disabled children. C.The psychological impact of caring for a disabled child on a mother. D.The importance of community support for taking care of disabled children. B (2024四川广安期中) Do You Laugh Too Little? When we are kids, we laugh a lot. Children laugh dozens of times a day: they laugh at small things and big things; they laugh at silly jokes and serious things. All seem to be laughing stocks for them.　1　. Do you laugh too little in your life? Should you remember how you used to laugh as a child?   In fact, laughter has a lot of benefits. 　2　. It can cheer you up and reduce your blood pressure. And it contributes to the release of hormones and neurotransmitters, which is good for our health: if we are laughing, it means that all is well.   　3　. It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Laughing together is great for bonding, no matter what the situation.  A good way to laugh merrily like a child is to allow yourself to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it’s through video games, outdoor games, or board games. 　4　!  Beyond that, you can also cultivate(培养) situations that promote laughter in your life. 　5　. Be a witty person who can make jokes and laugh at jokes. Make a conscious effort to include things, people, and events that make you laugh in your daily life. Try to see your friends more often. Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself.  A.Don’t take yourself seriously B.In addition to this, laughing has a social function C.If not, maybe it is the point of worrying about it D.Discover what you like to play and have fun with it E.Watch funny films and videos, and read funny articles and books F.But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily G.It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud! 课文讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读1 课文重点词汇 课文结构 考点二 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读2 课文重点词汇 考点三 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文知识解析 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读1 Understanding ideas 原文呈现 1.Look at the pictures and tick the places where you would expect to see a clown ① . □a private garden □a circus ② □a busy street □a hospital □an amusement park ③ □a theatre Now share what you know about clowns with the class. The Best Medicine [标题赏析]本文标题一语双关：一是借用谚语"Laughter is the best medicine."点明本文的主题——用笑声治愈病人；二是作者本身在医院的角色是小丑医生，其工作对于医院的病人来说就是the best medicine。标题精炼，富含悬念，能激发读者的兴趣。 1 As I approach ④ the hospital wearing my white coat（as引导的时间状语从句，其中 wearing my white coat是动词-ing短语作伴随状语。）, I look just like any other doctor. That is until I put on ⑤ my curly ⑥ rainbow wig ⑦ , big red nose, and add my name badge ⑧ "Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud".I walk through the doors into the waiting（单个动词-ing作前置定语，表示用途，the waiting area=the area for waiting。） area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom ⑨ and tension（where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the waiting area，where在从句中作地点状语。）.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through ⑩ old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.【1】 Anxious parents do what they can（what引导的宾语从句，情态动词can后面省略了do，以避免与前面的动词do重复。what在从句中作省略了的do的宾语。） to comfort nervous and crying children（动词不定式短语作目的状语。crying为单个动词-ing作前置定语,表示正在进行的主动动作。）. 2 In the middle of this particular scene I spot ⑪ a small girl whose ankle ⑫ is twice its normal size（关系代词whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a small girl； twice its normal size是倍数表达方式。）.I speak with the on-duty ⑬ nurse, who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed ⑭ her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle（关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，who在从句中作主语。从句中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句。）. Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain ⑮ .Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury（强调句，强调从句的主语the doctors and nurses。who可用that替换。）, it’s my job to make her feel better. 3 Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.【2】 We are specially trained（动词-ed短语作前置定语，修饰clowns。） clowns who work as part of a programme known as "hospital clowning"（动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰a programme。）.I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren’t really designed for ⑯ children. I spent much of the time when I was there（when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the time。） feeling frightened and more than a little ⑰ bored! Being a clown doctor means（单个的动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。） I can help people by entertaining ⑱ them. 4 Visiting hospitals and other health carefacilities ⑲ （动词-ing短语作时间状语。）,we clown doctors（主语we的同位语） work together with medical professionals ⑳. On a typical day ㉑, we spend our time cheering up ㉒ patients, their families, and more often than not ㉓ , the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks ㉔ , singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes. Some children, though ㉕, don’t feel like ㉖ laughing, especially if they’re in pain.We have to be very sensitive ㉗ and work closely with ㉘ the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated ㉙ on each patient.【3】 5 And my magic medicine does indeed seem（"助动词do/does/did+动词原形"结构，对谓语动词进行强调，表示"的确……"。） to do the trick ㉚ . While the doctor concentrates on ㉛ examining ㉜ Lara’s ankle, I get her attention ㉝ by doing a magic trick. Although she is clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look has been replaced—first by ㉞ a small smile, and then by loud laughter as I "magically" produce ㉟ her sock from out of ㊱ my pocket（as引导的原因状语从句）.Seeing their daughter so much happier has（[思考]此处的谓语为什么用has made，而不用have made呢？） in turn ㊲ made Lara’s parents more relaxed. 6 And as for ㊳ me? Well, when I take off ㊴ my wig and my red nose, I’m still wearing a big smile ㊵ , as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day（as引导的原因状语从句） . While there might be more hospital visits ahead ㊶ for Lara and others（while意为"虽然，尽管"，相当于though/although，引导让步状语从句。）, I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit. After all ㊷ , it really is true that "laughter is the best medicine"（ it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。）. 最佳灵药 1 当我穿着白大褂走近医院的时候，我看起来跟其他医生一样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹假发和大红鼻子，别上我的名牌"拉里·笑哈哈医生"为止。我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的无聊又紧张的气氛。人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些之前已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。焦虑的父母们正竭尽所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。 2 就在这样的场景里，我注意到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成了正常的两倍。我和值班护士交谈时她告诉我，拉拉从自行车上摔了下来，她的父母匆忙将她送到医院。自从来到这里，拉拉就疼得一直大哭。尽管为她疗伤的是医生和护士，但让她感觉好些则是我的工作。 3 科学研究表明，欢笑能产生一些让人感觉更好的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生是有用的。我们是受过专门培训的小丑，是"医院小丑"项目的工作人员。我选择这个职业是由于我自己小时候去医院的经历。尽管当时医生和护士都尽职尽责，但医院实在不是个适合孩子们待的地方。我在那里的大部分时间都觉得害怕，并且感到十分无聊! 当一名小丑医生意味着我可以用让人们快乐起来的方式帮助他们。 4 作为小丑医生，我们走访医院和其他的医疗保健中心时，要和专业医疗人员一起工作。我们一天的工作内容通常是使病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员高兴起来! 为此，我们会变魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还会讲一些滑稽的笑话。尽管如此，有些孩子并不想笑，尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。我们必须非常善解人意，并且与医护人员密切合作，他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新情况。 5 而我的灵药似乎确实起作用了。当医生集中精力检查拉拉的脚踝时，我变魔术来吸引拉拉的注意。尽管她显然还有些痛苦，但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经不见了:先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我 "魔术般地"从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。看到女儿破涕为笑，拉拉的父母也因此松了一口气。 6 而我呢? 噢，当我摘下假发和红鼻子的时候，仍然笑容满面，因为我记得这天所有的乐趣和欢笑。虽然对于拉拉和其他人来说，他们将来可能会更多次到医院就诊，而我希望，小丑医生能够帮助医院成为一个更友善的就诊场所。 毕竟，"欢笑是最佳灵药"，这句话是千真万确的。 课文重点词汇 ①clown n.[C]丑角,小丑 ②circus /ˈsɜ:kəs/ n.[C]马戏团 ③an amusement park 游乐场 amusement /əˈmju:zmənt/ n.[C,usually pl.]娱乐活动;[U]娱乐，消遣 ④一词多义 ⑤put on 戴上，穿上 ⑥curly /ˈkɜ:li/ adj.卷曲的 curly hair 卷发 ⑦wig /wɪɡ/ n.[C]假发 ⑧a name badge 名牌 badge /bædʒ/ n.[C]徽章 ⑨boredom /ˈbɔ:dəm/ n.[U] 厌烦，厌倦，无聊 派生构词 bore（vt.使厌烦）+-dom（名词后缀，表示"状态"）→boredom（n.） ⑩look through 浏览，快速查看 ⑪spot /spɒt/ vt.（spotted, spotted）注意到，看见，看出，发现 ⑫ankle /ˈæŋkəl/ n.[C]脚踝 ⑬on-duty adj.值班的 拓展 on duty 值班；off duty 下班。作状语或表语。 ⑭rush vt.熟词生义 快速运输,速送 rush sb.to someplace 急忙把某人送到某地 ⑮in pain 疼痛地，痛苦地（在句中作状语） ⑯be designed for… 为……而设计的 拓展 be designed to do sth.旨在做某事 by design 故意地（=on purpose） ⑰more than a little 非常，十分 ⑱entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/ vt.& vi.使快乐，娱乐 ⑲health care facilities 医疗保健中心 health care n.[U]医疗保健 facility n.[C]熟词生义（供特定用途的）场所 ⑳professional 熟词生义 n.[C]专业人士，专家 ㉑on a typical day 平时 typical adj.熟词生义 一贯的，平常的 ㉒cheer up （使）高兴起来,（使）振作起来 拓展 cheer sb.on （赛跑、比赛等中）为某人加油 ㉓more often than not 通常，往往（=as often as not） ㉔do magic tricks 变魔术 ㉕though在此作转折副词,置于句中或句末，表示"不过，可是"，在语义上相当于but， 但与but在句中的位置不同。 比较 我们队输了，可是这也不失为一场好球。 Our team lost. It was a good game though. Our team lost.But it was a good game. ㉖feel like doing sth.想要做某事 ㉗sensitive adj.熟词生义 善解人意的，体贴的 搭配 be sensitive to… 体谅…… ㉘work closely with… 与……密切合作 ㉙update vt.熟词生义 向……提供最新信息 搭配 update sb.on sth.告知某人某事的最新消息 ㉚do the trick 奏效，达到预期效果 ㉛concentrate on （doing） sth. 专心于（做）某事 拓展 表示"专心于，致力于"的短语还有： be devoted to、devote oneself to、be absorbed/lost in、focus on/upon ㉜examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ vt.检查（身体）；考，测验 examination n.[C] 医学检查；考试;[C,U]检查，审查 ㉝get sb.’s attention 得到某人的注意 拓展 attract/catch/draw sb.’s attention吸引/引起某人的注意 ㉞be replaced by/with… 被……替换 ㉟produce vt.熟词生义 出示,展现,使出现 ㊱from out of… 在此意为"从……中出来"。 ㊲in turn 相应地，转而；轮流,依次 语境串记 At the New Year’s evening party, Mr Smith had each student perform a comedy for three minutes in turn, making the class burst into laughter, which in turn made the atmosphere of the party more pleasant.在新年晚会上，史密斯老师让每名学生依次表演一个三分钟的喜剧，全班哄然大笑，这相应地使晚会的气氛更加令人愉快。 比较 in return 作为回报；作为回应 ㊳as for 至于，关于 ㊴一词多义 ㊵wear a big smile 笑容满面 wear vt.熟词生义 面带，呈现（某种神态） ㊶ahead adv.熟词生义 将来，今后 ㊷after all 毕竟,终究 课文语篇结构 【答案】1.working environment2.the reason why Larry chose to be one3.How Doctor Larry helps Lara 【即学即练】 一．.课文语法填空 As I enter the hospital 　1　(wear) my white coat, I am just an ordinary doctor. When I put 　2　 my curly rainbow wig, big red nose, and add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”, I become a clown doctor.  Scientific 　3　(study) show that laughter produces special chemicals to make people feel better, 　4　 means clown doctors can be of help. Being a clown doctor 　5　(mean) I can help people by entertaining them.   On 　6　 typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and usually the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes. However, some children don􀆳t want to laugh, especially if they are in pain. We have to be very sensitive and work 　7　(close) with the doctors and nurses, who keep us 　8　(update) on each patient. Although there might be more hospital visits ahead for patients, I hope that clown doctors help make the hospital a friendlier place 　9　(visit). After all, it really is true that “laughter is the 　10　(good) medicine”.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  1.【答案】wearing　 【解析】考查现在分词。句意:当我穿着白大褂走进医院时,我只是一名普通的医生。在As引导的时间状语从句中已有谓语动词enter,故此处应用非谓语动词形式。本空在从句中作状语,动词wear和主语I之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。 2.【答案】on　 【解析】考查介词。put on意为“穿上,戴上”。 3.【答案】studies　 【解析】考查名词及其单复数。句意:科学研究表明,笑会产生特殊的化学物质,使人感觉更好,这意味着小丑医生可以提供帮助。设空处作主语,被形容词Scientific修饰,故此处应用名词形式,study意为“研究,调查”时为可数名词,根据空后的谓语show可知,应用可数名词的复数形式。 4.【答案】which　 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,逗号后的句子缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是前面that引导的宾语从句,故应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。 5.【答案】means　 【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。句意:当一名小丑医生意味着我可以通过使人们快乐来帮助他们。根据句意可知,本句阐述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且句子主语为动名词短语,故本空应用动词的第三人称单数形式。 6.【答案】a　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:平时我们花时间使病人、病人家属,通常还有医院的工作人员振奋起来!根据语境可知此处表示泛指,typical以辅音音素开头,故本空应用不定冠词a。 7.【答案】closely　 【解析】考查副词。句意:我们必须非常善解人意,并且与医生和护士密切合作,他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新信息。本空修饰动词work,故应用副词形式。 8.【答案】updated　 【解析】考查过去分词。此处为“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词update和宾语us之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。 9.【答案】to visit　 【解析】考查不定式。句意:虽然病人未来可能会有更多次去医院就诊,但我希望小丑医生能帮助医院成为一个更友好的就诊场所。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词place,故本空应用不定式形式。 10.【答案】best　 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意:毕竟,“笑是最好的药”这句话是真的。根据句意及空前的定冠词the可知,本空应用形容词的最高级形式。 二.单句语法填空 1.She was 　　　　　(mood) during the rainy days, and was 　　　　　no mood to go out for a walk even though the rain had stopped.  2.I am writing to express my interest in the position in your recent 　　　　　(advertise) on your company􀆳s website.  3.Moved by his honesty, an 　　　　　(employ) approached him and offered him a job in his company.  4.The audience watched the clown􀆳s performance with 　　　　　, for they were 　　　　　 by his extremely 　　　　　 tricks, their laughter filling the theatre. (amuse)  5.The friends gathered around the campfire, 　　　　　 (entertain) themselves with funny stories and songs.  6.It is important to have your eyes 　　　　　 (examine) regularly to check for any sign of eye disease.  7.His experience showed that it was the efforts in the process rather than the results　　　　　mattered.  1.【答案】moody; in　 【解析】考查形容词和介词。句意:下雨的时候她闷闷不乐,即使已经雨停了,她也没心情出去散步。第一空在句中作表语,意为“闷闷不乐的;喜怒无常的”,应用形容词moody;第二空考查固定短语be in no mood to do sth.,意为“没心情做某事”,应用介词in。 2.【答案】advertisement　 【解析】考查名词。句意:我写信是为了表达我对贵公司最近在网站上刊登的广告中的职位的兴趣。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your和形容词recent可知,本空应用名词advertisement,意为“广告”。 3.【答案】employer　 【解析】考查名词。句意:被他的诚实感动,一位雇主找到了他,并在他的公司给他提供了一份工作。本空作主语,根据句意可知,设空处意为“雇用者,雇主”,故填employer。 4.【答案】amusement; amused; amusing　 【解析】考查词性转换。 句意:观众们饶有兴致地观看小丑的表演,因为他们被他极其有趣的把戏逗笑了,剧院里充满了他们的笑声。根据第一空前的介词with可知,本空应用名词,with amusement意为“饶有兴趣地,津津有味地”;第二空作表语,主语为人,此处表示“逗笑的”,应用形容词amused,be amused by意为“被……逗笑”;第三空修饰名词tricks,意为“好笑的,有趣的”,应用形容词amusing。 5.【答案】entertaining　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:朋友们聚集在篝火旁,用有趣的故事和歌曲自娱自乐。句中已有谓语动词gathered,故此处应用非谓语动词,动词entertain与其逻辑主语The friends之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词形式作伴随状语,故填entertaining。 6.【答案】examined　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:定期检查眼睛以检查是否有任何眼部疾病的迹象是很重要的。分析句子可知,“have your eyes 　　　　 (examine)” 为 “have+宾语+宾补”结构,eyes和动词examine之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填examined。  7.【答案】that　 【解析】考查强调句型。句意:他的经历表明,重要的是过程中的努力,而不是结果。分析句子可知,showed后面的that引导宾语从句,作showed的宾语,将宾语从句中的it was 和设空处去掉,从句意思完整,不缺成分,故从句为强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其余部分.”,被强调部分是物,故本空应用that。 三.选词填空(其中有一项多余) cheer up;look through;do the trick;after all; be designed for;more than;concentrate on Jack was really down because he􀆳d failed his driving test again. His sister handed him a book that 1.　　　　　　 people facing setbacks like him. It was 2.　　　　　　 helpful; it was filled with tips and motivational stories.  “3.　　　　　　, Jack,” she said. “4.　　　　　　, it􀆳s just a test, and you can always try again.”  Jack took her advice to heart and started to 5.　　　　　　reading the book. And you know what? It 6.　　　　　　! Before long, he was feeling much better and ready to face the next attempt with renewed confidence.  【答案】1.was designed for　2.more than　3.Cheer up4.After all　5.concentrate on　6.did the trick 四.完成句子 1.等待考试结果让我感到紧张和焦虑。(make+宾语+宾补) Waiting for the exam results 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 2. 听着鸟儿歌唱,我沉浸于在公园画画的乐趣中。(非谓语动词作状语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, I lost myself in the joy of painting in the park.  3.Failure teaches us valuable lessons and helps us grow stronger. (句式升级:强调主语) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】1.made me feel nervous and anxious2.Listening to the birds singing3.It is failure that teaches us valuable lessons and helps us grow stronger. 考点二 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课文解读2 Developing ideas 原文呈现 1.Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi and share what else you know about them with the class. Mark Twain （1835-1910） was an American writer, humorist, lecturer and adventurer, who acquired international fame for ① his travel narratives ② , in particular ③ The Innocents Abroad, and for his adventure stories of boyhood ④ , such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn（who引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明an American…adventurer。）.He is regarded as ⑤ one of North America’s best and most beloved writers due to ⑥ his wit ⑦ and satire ⑧ . 马克·吐温（1835—1910），美国作家、幽默作家、演说家和冒险家。因其游记，特别是《傻子出国记》，以及童年冒险故事，如《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》而享誉国际。由于他的风趣和讽刺,他被认为是北美最优秀和最受喜爱的作家之一。 Wang Zengqi （1920-1997） was a Chinese writer. Born in Gaoyou, Jiangsu, he was deeply influenced by his family’s strong literary ⑨ tradition. His most famous works include A Tale ⑩ of Big Nur, Special Gift and Old Flavour ⑪ . Despite life’s ups and downs ⑫, his works consistently ⑬ convey ⑭ optimism ⑮ . Even in the lows ⑯ of life, he could discover the bright side ⑰ in living and put them into words in his unique humorous way. 汪曾祺（1920—1997），中国作家。他出生于江苏高邮，深受家族浓厚文学传统的影响。他最著名的作品有《大淖记事》《异秉》和《老味道》。尽管生活起伏不定，但他的作品始终传达着乐观主义。即使在生活的低谷期，他也能发现生活中光明的一面，并以他独特的幽默方式将其表达出来。 The Importance of Humour 1 Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece, and medieval ⑱ writings ⑲ are filled with ⑳ jokes. While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then（while在此意为"虽然"， 引导让步状语从句，该从句中又包含"as...as..."结构，其中第二个as引导比较状语从句。）, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on（"not only...but also..."连接并列的谓语动词。） ㉑ sensitive or emotive ㉒ issues. 2 Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for ㉓ his ability to combine humour with ㉔ more serious messages is American writer Mark Twain. Twain’s particular ㉕ style of writing is funny and often mischievous ㉖ . For example, in his classic ㉗ novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he famously says, "Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out ㉘ the wrong words.（该句中"you have to do"是省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。）" But he is equally well known for his witty remarks ㉙ in his everyday interactions ㉚ with people. For instance,while on a lecture tour of the United States（while在此意为"在……期间"。）,Twain went into a barber’s shop ㉛ to get a haircut and a shave ㉜ . The barber, not recognising him（动词-ing短语作原因状语，recognise与The barber之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。）, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain replied that he didn’t, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event ㉝ he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre（as引导的原因状语从句 ）. Twain’s response was, "That’s just my luck ㉞ . I always have to stand when that fellow ㉟ lectures ㊱ ! 3 Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour ㊲. In his essay ㊳ "On Humour", Wang used fewer than 600 characters ㊴ to introduce several humorous examples of famous people, concluding ㊵ that（动词-ing结构作状语。）, "The world is full of amusing ㊶ things. The thought of ㊷ them would always make you laugh out loud, even when you’re just sitting by yourself." 4 Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality, but also reflects a person’s attitude towards ㊸ life. He himself gives the best example to the word "humour". One day, one of his readers flattered ㊹ him by saying,"Gaoyou is famous for, first, the poet Qin Shaoyou, and second, Wang Zengqi." Wang didn’t show any displeasure ㊺ but only gave a gentle ㊻ response, "No. Gaoyou salted ㊼ duck eggs are much more famous than me. I can only stay in the third place ㊽ ." On another occasion ㊾, Wang was invited to give a speech ㊿ in the US and was scheduled to speak last. He walked to the podium and began, "Unfortunately, none of today’s speakers have last names starting with X, Y, or Z（动词-ing短语作后置定语，修饰last names。）, so I am the last one to speak. Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired. But don’t worry. My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail." 5 Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate 53 the world. Wang once said, "Life may be like a dream, short and uncertain. But I pour my true feelings into it. The world gave me its love first, so I cannot help but 54 love it back." Life is never smooth sailing 55 and sometimes can be complicated 56and cruel 57 . But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm 58for life. In fact, some may argue that 59 our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of 60Mark Twain, "Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing 61 ". 幽默的重要性 1 数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，这些同样的笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或易引起激烈争论的问题产生新的认识。 2 到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因能将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，他有一句名言:"写作很容易，你只需要把不恰当的单词划掉就行。"但他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。马克·吐温回答说:"真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着!" 3 和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。在他《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600字的篇幅介绍了著名人物的几个幽默事例，并总结道:"人世间有许多事，想一想，觉得很有意思。有时一个人坐着，想一想，觉得很有意思，会噗噗笑出声来。" 4 汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅展现了一个人的性格，还反映了一个人对生活的态度。他自己就是"幽默"这个词最好的例子。有一次，他的一位读者奉承他说: "高邮出名的，第一是诗人秦少游，第二就是汪曾祺。"汪曾祺并没有表示任何不悦，他只给了一个温和的回复，"不对，高邮咸鸭蛋比我名气大多了。我只能排第三。"还有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美国演讲，并被安排在最后一个讲话。 他走上讲台开口道: "很不幸,今天没有一个演讲者的名字是以X，Y，或Z开头的，所以我是最后一个讲话的。最后一个演讲是很困难的，因为大家都已经很疲惫了。不过别担心，我的演讲会和兔子的尾巴一样短。" 5 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白幽默不只能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来阐明世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说过:"人生如梦，短暂而缥缈，我投入的却是真情。世界先爱了我，我不能不爱它。"生活从来不是一帆风顺的，有时复杂而残酷。但幽默会帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上,有些人可能会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说: "幽默是人类头等的幸事。" 课文重点词汇 ①acquire international fame for… 因……获得国际声誉 fame /feɪm/ n.[U] 名声，声誉 拓展 rise to fame 出名 ②narrative /ˈnærətɪv/ n.[C] 描述，叙述；[U] 叙事技巧adj.叙事的 ③in particular 尤其，特别 ④boyhood n.[U]（男子的）孩童期，青少年时代 构词法 -hood 为名词后缀，表示"……的状态（或性质）"。由其构成的常见单词还 有childhood（童年）、adulthood（成年）等。 ⑤be regarded as… 被认为是…… 近义 be thought of as…、be seen/considered as… ⑥due to 由于，因为 近义 owing to、thanks to、because of、as a result of ⑦wit /wɪt/ n.[U,sing.] 风趣，才思；[pl.]智力；[C] 机智幽默的人 搭配 have a quick/sharp wit 才思敏捷/敏锐机智 派生词 witty /ˈwɪti/ adj. 说话风趣的，妙趣横生的 ⑧satire /ˈsætaɪə（r）/ n.[U] 讽刺；[C]讽刺作品 ⑨literary /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的 literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə（r）/ n.[U] 文学；文学作品 ⑩tale /teɪl/ n.[C]故事 ⑪flavour /ˈfleɪvə（r）/ n.[U] 味道 ⑫ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰；荣辱 ⑬consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/ adv. 一贯地，前后一致地 consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 ⑭convey /kənˈveɪ/ vt. 表达，传递 ⑮optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n.[U] 乐观；乐观主义 词链 optimistic（ /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的）—optimism （n.）—optimist （/ˈɒptɪmɪst/n. 乐观主义者） ⑯low 熟词生义 n.[C]（一生或事业中的）艰难时期，低谷 链高考 It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success. 从一开始就明白这一点 很重要：（人生）总有许多起起落落，没有所谓的一举成功。（北京高考） ⑰the bright side 好的方面，光明的一面 ⑱medieval /ˌmediˈi:v（ə）l/ adj. 中世纪的，中古时期的 ⑲writings n.[pl.]（某作家或专题的）著作，作品 ⑳be filled with…（=be full of…） 充满…… ㉑throw light on 使（问题等）较容易理解 ㉒emotive /ɪˈməʊtɪv/ adj.令人情绪激动的 同根词 emotion n.[C, U]情感，情绪 ㉓be remembered for… 因为……而被铭记 ㉔combine…with… 把……与……结合起来 ㉕particular adj. 熟词生义 独特的，特别的 ㉖mischievous /ˈmɪstʃɪvəs/ adj.调皮的，淘气的 ㉗classic adj.经典的 n.[C] 经典作品 比较 classical adj.古典的 ㉘cross out 划掉，删掉（错字） ㉙remark /rɪˈmɑ:k/ n.[C]言论；意见，评论 详见P028 ㉚interaction /ˌɪntərˈæktʃ（ə）n/ n.[U,C]交流 派生构词 interact（vi. 交流；相互作用）+-ion（名词后缀，表示"行为""过程"） →interaction（n.） ㉛a barber’s shop 理发店 barber /ˈbɑ:bə/ n.[C] 理发师 ㉜get/have a shave 刮脸 shave /ʃeɪv/ n.[C] & vi.& vt. 刮脸，刮胡子 ㉝event n.[C] 熟词生义 活动 ㉞just one’s luck （对自己的遭遇并不惊讶）常不走运，就这运气 ㉟fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ n.[C] 男人；家伙 ㊱lecture 熟词生义 vi.（尤指在大学里） 开讲座，讲授，讲课 ㊲sb.’s unique brand of humour 某人独特的幽默 brand /brænd/ n.[C] 类型；品牌，牌子 ㊳essay /ˈeseɪ/ n.[C] 短文，论说文 ㊴character n.[C] 熟词生义 文字，字母 ㊵conclude /kənˈklu:d/ vt. 断定；推断出；得出结论 详见P029 ㊶amusing /əˈmju:zɪŋ/ adj. 逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的 词链 amuse（vt. 逗笑，逗乐）—amused（adj. 被逗乐的；觉得好笑的）—amusing （adj.）—amusement（n.[U] 开心,愉悦,乐趣） ㊷the thought of… 一想到…… ㊸sb.’s attitude towards/to… 某人对……的态度 ㊹flatter /ˈflætə（r）/ vt. 奉承；讨好 ㊺displeasure /dɪsˈpleʒə（r）/ n.[U] 生气；不悦 派生构词 否定前缀dis- （不；非；相反）+pleasure（n.[U] 高兴；快乐） →displeasure（n.） ㊻gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温和的;温柔的 派生词 gently /ˈdʒentli/ adv. 温柔地 adj. 温和地 ㊼salted adj. 用盐腌制的 salt 熟词生义 vt. 用盐腌制（食物） ㊽in （the） first/second/third/…place 第一/第二/第三/第…… ㊾occasion n.[C] 某次，……的时候（常与介词on搭配使用） ㊿give a speech（=make/deliver a speech） 做演讲，发表演讲 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Humour has always been an important part of human behaviour, as it can not only entertain but also throw new light　1　 sensitive or emotive issues.  Mark Twain is remembered for his ability　2　(combine) humour with more serious messages. Twain’s particular style of writing is 　3　(humour) and often mischievous. For example, in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he 　4　(famous) says, “Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.”   Chinese writer Wang Zengqi, 　5　 was known for his own unique brand of humour, introduced several amusing examples of famous people in his essay “On Humour”. Wang believed that not only does humour show one’s personality, but it also 　6　(reflect) a person’s attitude towards life. He 　7　(him) gives the best example to the word “humour”. On one occasion, Wang 　8　(schedule) to speak last. He wittily responded that it was because none of the other speakers’ last names started with X, Y, or Z.  Life sometimes can be complex and cruel, 　9　 humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for it. Just as Mark Twain said, “Humor is mankind’s greatest 　10　(bless).”  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  1.【答案】on　 【解析】考查介词。throw light on sth.意为“使(问题等)较容易理解”,故本空应用介词on。 2.【答案】to combine　 【解析】考查不定式。此处表示“将幽默与比较严肃的信息结合起来的能力”,ability后跟不定式作后置定语,故填to combine。 3.【答案】humorous　 【解析】考查形容词。由空前的is可知,设空处作表语,且根据and后的形容词mischievous可知,此处填形容词humorous。 4.【答案】famously　 【解析】考查副词。设空处修饰动词says,应用副词形式,故填famously。 5.【答案】who　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:中国作家汪曾祺以其独特的幽默风格而闻名,在他的文章《谈幽默》中介绍了几个名人的幽默例子。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Wang Zengqi,本空在从句中作主语,指人,故应用关系代词who。 6.【答案】reflects　 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。本句阐述客观事实,根据前面的does humour show可知,本空应用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数it, 故填reflects。 7.【答案】himself　 【解析】考查代词。句意:他自己给出了“幽默”这个词的最好的例子。本空和主语为同一人,故应用反身代词作同位语。 8.【答案】was scheduled　 【解析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据时间状语On one occasion可知,本句动作发生在过去,且动词schedule和句子主语Wang之间为被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was scheduled。 9.【答案】but　 【解析】考查连词。句意:生活有时是复杂而残酷的,但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。根据句意可知,本空前后内容为转折关系,故应用连词but。 10.【答案】blessing　 【解析】考查名词。根据空前形容词最高级greatest可知,本空应用名词blessing,意为“幸事,幸运”。 二.单句语法填空 1.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human 　　　　　 (interact).  2.Studies show, for example, that people 　　　　　(consistent) choose to take the lift instead of the stairs.  3.This led Jones to the 　　　　　 (conclude) that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.  4.The circus has been criticized for its 　　　　　(cruel) to animals, with many calling for an end to such performances.  5.When I was in low spirits, she patted me 　　　　　(gentle) on the shoulder and gave me great encouragement.  6.Once, after a particularly long and hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy 　　　　　 (swim) gracefully in the pool.  7.We should learn from his 　　　　　(optimistic) and always be optimistic 　　　　　 the possibilities that lie ahead, no matter how uncertain they seem.  8.The children were extremely enthusiastic 　　　　　the clown’s performance, showing great 　　　　　(enthusiastic) as they cheered 　　　　　(enthusiastic) throughout the whole show.  1.【答案】interaction(s)　 【解析】考查名词。句意:对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动。设空处作动词lack的宾语,应用名词形式,human interaction(s)意为“人际互动”。 2.【答案】consistently　 【解析】考查副词。本空修饰动词choose,故应用副词consistently作状语,意为“一贯地,一致地”。 3.【答案】conclusion　 【解析】考查名词。句意:这使琼斯得出结论,在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人,他们很容易成为欺骗目标。根据空前定冠词the可知,本空应用名词形式。lead sb. to the conclusion意为“使某人得出结论”。 4.【答案】cruelty　 【解析】考查名词。根据空前介词for和形容词性物主代词its可知,本空应用名词cruelty,意为“残忍”。 5.【答案】gently　 【解析】考查副词。本空修饰动词patted,应用副词gently作状语,意为“轻轻地”。 6.【答案】swimming　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。spot sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人在做某事”,故本空应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。 故填swimming。 7.【答案】optimism;about　 【解析】考查名词和介词。句意:我们应该学习他的乐观,并且无论前方的可能性看起来多么不确定,都要始终对其持乐观态度。第一空前有形容词性物主代词his,因此设空处应用名词形式,设空处意为“乐观,乐观主义”,故填optimism;be optimistic about 意为“对……持乐观态度 ”,故第二空应填about。 8.【答案】about;enthusiasm;enthusiastically　 【解析】考查介词和词性转换。句意:孩子们非常热衷于小丑的表演,在整个表演过程中他们热烈地欢呼着,表现出极大的热情。be enthusiastic about意为“对……热情;热衷于……”,故第一空应用介词about;第二空作宾语,且根据空前形容词great可知,本空应用名词enthusiasm,意为“热情”;第三空修饰动词cheered,故应用副词enthusiastically ,意为“热烈地”。 三.完成句子 1.他加快了步伐,不想在比赛中落后于他的队友们。(fall) He quickened his pace, not wanting to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 during the race. 2.《小王子》讲述了一个关于爱、友谊和智慧的感人故事,值得所有读者阅读。(一句多译:deserve) ①The Little Prince tells a heartwarming story of love, friendship, and wisdom, which 　　　　 　　　　 by all readers.  ②The Little Prince tells a heartwarming story of love, friendship, and wisdom, which 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 by all readers.  3.她那一身闪亮的红裙给观众留下了深刻的印象。(一句多译:impress) ①She 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her shiny red dress.  ②The audience 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her shiny red dress.  【答案】1.fall behind his teammates　2.①deserves reading　②deserves to be read　3.①impressed the audience deeply with　②were deeply impressed with/by 考点三 课文知识解析 1.amusement n．消遣，娱乐；乐趣；(常用复数)娱乐活动，娱乐用品 (教材P2)　an amusement park一所游乐园 As an amateur，he found great amusement in playing basketball.作为一个业余爱好者，他在打篮球中找到了很大的乐趣。 [知识拓展] (1)amusement park 游乐园 in amusement 开心地 to one's (great) amusement 令人感到(极)好笑的是 (2)amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快 (3)amusing adj. 有趣的；逗乐的 amused adj. 感到快乐有趣的 be amused at/by 对感到……好笑 2.look through看穿，识破(某人或某事)；浏览；仔细检查(某物)；穿过……看 (教材P2)　People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻阅着旧杂志，这些杂志以前都被看过许多遍了。 If you look through the window you can see the garden.如果你从窗户望去，可以看见花园。 [知识拓展] look on 袖手旁观 look out for 小心；搜寻(某人或某物) look to 依靠；指望(某人或某事) look down on 瞧不起 look into 调查；查找…… look over 仔细检查，审视(某人或某物) look up to 尊敬 3.be designed for 打算做……用；为……所设计 (教材P3)　Although the doctors and nurses did a great job，hospitals weren't really designed for children.虽然医生和护士做得很好，但医院并不是真正为儿童设计的。 It was said that the early European playing­cards were designed for entertainment and education.据说早期欧洲的纸牌游戏是为娱乐和教育而设计的。 [知识拓展] be designed to do/as... 为某目的或用途而制造或计划…… design sth. for sb. 为某人设计某物/某事 by design＝on purpose 故意地 4.entertain v．使快乐；款待，招待 (教材P3)　Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过使人们快乐来帮助他们。 Most children's television programmes aim to educate and entertain at the same time. 大多数儿童电视节目都旨在寓教于乐。 [知识拓展] (1)entertain sb.to sth. 用……宴客/招待/款待某人(尤指在自己家中) entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐 (2)entertainment n. 娱乐活动；款待，招待 find entertainment in 以……为乐 give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人 give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会 (3)entertaining adj. 愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的 entertainer n. 款待者；表演娱乐节目的人 5.cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 (教材P3)　On a typical day，we spend our time cheering up patients，their families，and more often than not，the hospital staff，too! 在一个特殊的日子里，我们花时间让病人、病人家属，通常还有医院工作人员振作起来！ When I'm feeling sad，my mother often tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到难过时，我的母亲经常给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴起来。 [知识拓展] (1)cheer vi.& vt. 欢呼，喝彩；vt. 鼓舞n．[C] 欢呼声，喝彩声 cheer sb. on (比赛中)为某人加油 (2)cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的；令人愉快的 6.do the trick奏效，达到预期效果 (教材P3)　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.我的魔法药似乎确实奏效了。 Sometimes a few choice words will do the trick.有时说几句尖酸刻薄的话就会有人听了。 [知识拓展] trick n． 诡计；恶作剧；窍门；花招；骗局；欺诈 vt. 欺骗；哄骗；装饰；打扮 play a trick on sb./play tricks on sb.捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑 trick sb. into sth.(doing sth.)引诱某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth.骗走某人的某物 7.concentrate on集中于……；专注于…… (教材P3)　While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara's ankle，I get her attention by doing a magic trick. 当医生专注于检查劳拉的脚踝时，我变了一个魔术来吸引她的注意。 Water companies should concentrate on reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs.自来水公司应该集中精力减少浪费，而不是修建新水库。 [知识拓展] (1)concentrate one's attention on/upon把注意力集中在…… (2)concentration n. 专心；专注 8.in turn 轮流，依次；反过来 (教材P3)　Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara's parents more relaxed. 看到他们的女儿如此快乐，反过来也让劳拉的父母更加放松。 [例]　All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.任何理论都来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。 [知识拓展] take turns to do sth./(at)doing sth. 轮流做某事 It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 take one's turn 依次，轮到某人 by turns 轮流，依次 [名师点津] in return与in turn易混，前者意为“作为回报”。 9.take off摘掉；脱下(衣服)；起飞；(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；休息，休假 (教材P3)　Well，when I take off my wig and my red nose，I'm still wearing a big smile，as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. 噢，当我摘下我的假发和红鼻子时，我仍然笑容满面，因为我记得这一天中所有的欢乐和笑声。 I'd like to take next Monday off to visit my sister in hospital.我想下星期一请假去看望我住院的姐姐。 [知识拓展] take up 开始从事；占据；占用 take in 收留；欺骗；吸入；领会 take over 接管，接手 take on 雇用；呈现；承担(责任) take away 把……带走 take it easy 不要紧 10.倍数表达法 (教材P2)　In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. 在这个特殊的场景中央，我看到一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍大。 句式分析：本句为主从复合句。whose引导定语从句。twice its normal size意为“是正常大小的两倍大”。 This street is four times the length of that one.这条街是那条街的四倍长。 The sun is many times the size of the moon.太阳是月球的许多倍大。 [知识拓展] (1)倍数the size/height/weight/length/width/depth/...＋of... (2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as... (3)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than... (4)倍数＋what从句 [名师点津] (1)对于这几种倍数表达法，我们需要注意倍数的位置；倍数部分也可用分数、百分数代替。 (2)表示两倍时，我们常用twice或double；三倍及三倍以上常用“基数词＋times”表示。 11.强调谓语动词 (教材P3)　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick. 我的魔法药似乎确实奏效了。 句式分析：句中does起强调作用，强调谓语动词seem，意为“的确；确实”。 She does go to school every day.她确实是每天都去上学。 They do want to make peace with you.他们确实想与你和好。 [知识拓展] (1)did/do/does的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。 (2)do表示强调时，时态与句子的时态一致。 一．语法填空 A (2025福建漳州部分高中开学联考) “Look on the bright side” is one of those suggestions that people always consider 　1　(inspire) but less helpful. However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation quickly 　2　 (cheer) people up. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 　3　may even be helpful in keeping depressed people　4　feeling sad.  In a study 　5　(publish) earlier this year, researchers gave the participants some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos at 　6　request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 　7　(find) to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities of getting through hard times in their life than those who described the photos 　8　(direct).  So there appear to be no disadvantages of looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of depression, humor can develop an ability 　9　 (control) negative emotions. What’s more, humor has an extra benefit of 　10　(make) others around you smile. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn’t focus your mind on what you are doing, finding something that can entertain you can lift your mood.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　   语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。幽默地看待挑战是一个很好的方法,这甚至可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤,也有利于培养控制负面情绪的能力。 【高频词汇】　1.in a terrible situation 在糟糕的情况下 2.depressed adj.抑郁的,沮丧的　depression n.抑郁 3.negative adj.负面的,消极的　4.request n.要求,请求 5.get through熬过 1.【答案】inspiring　 【解析】考查形容词。句意:人们往往认为“往好的方面看”是那些鼓舞人心但帮助不大的建议之一。分析句子可知,句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词suggestions,在从句中作consider的宾语。设空处与but后的形容词短语less helpful并列,作宾语补足语,意为“鼓舞人心的”,故本空应用形容词inspiring。 2.【答案】cheers　 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:然而,新的研究表明,在糟糕的情况下找到感兴趣的东西能使人们快速振作起来。分析句子可知,that引导宾语从句,设空处作从句的谓语,此处阐述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语为动名词短语“finding something of interest in a terrible situation” ,故本空应用第三人称单数形式cheers。 3.【答案】which　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:此外,用幽默的眼光看待挑战是一种很好的方法,甚至可能有助于让抑郁的人不感到悲伤。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为method,本空在定语从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which。 4.【答案】from　 【解析】考查介词。keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。 5.【答案】published　 【解析】考查过去分词。句意:在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中,研究人员给了参与者一些表现消极情况的照片。本空作定语,被修饰名词study和动词publish之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填published。 6.【答案】the　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:然后他们会按照研究者的要求对这些照片进行描述。根据空后的介词短语of researchers可知,本空应用定冠词表示特指。at the request of sb.按照某人的要求。 7.【答案】were found　 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:与直接描述照片的人相比,那些用幽默的话描述照片的人被发现负面情绪更少、更有可能熬过生活中的艰难时期。分析句子可知,设空处作主句的谓语,此处在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,find和主语Those之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是复数概念,be动词应用were。故填were found。 8.【答案】directly　 【解析】考查副词。本空修饰动词described,应用副词directly作状语。 9.【答案】to control　 【解析】考查不定式。句意:这项研究的结论是,对于那些患抑郁症风险较高的人来说,幽默可以培养一种控制负面情绪的能力。名词ability后通常跟不定式作后置定语,表示“……的能力”,故填to control。 10.【答案】making　 【解析】考查动名词。介词of后应用动名词作宾语,故填making。 B (2025山西大同名校联考) The humor effect is a cognitive bias(认知偏差) that causes people to remember information better when they regard it as humorous. For example, when students　1　(teach) a new concept(概念) in an amusing way, such as through a funny story, they􀆳re generally more likely 　2　(remember) that concept, compared to if they learn it in a non-humorous manner. Information that has the same effect 　3　 concepts includes words, sentences, pictures, and 　4　(mix) information, such as cartoons and videos.  Humor has various other benefits besides improving memory. Humor reduces negative emotions, such as anger or 　5　(anxious), which people might experience when processing certain information.  Humor leads to increased interest.　6　(add) humor to the information that you􀆳re presenting can make it more entertaining and appealing to others. For example, advertisements 　7　use humor receive more attention from people.  Humor, when properly　8　(use)in the right circumstances, can improve other people􀆳s impression of you. For example, including humor in 　9　 speech can positively impact the way in which listeners understand the speaker. 　10　(similar), using humor can improve people􀆳s impression of your warmth and competence, especially when you combine it with negative information that you need to tell.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在不同情境下使用幽默的好处。 【高频词汇】　1.regard...as... 把……视为……;将……认为……　2.compared to与……对比　3.in a...manner 以……的方式　4.appealing adj.有吸引力的 5.competence n.能力,本领 1.【答案】are taught　 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:例如,当学生被以一种有趣的方式教授一个新概念时,比如通过一个有趣的故事,与以非幽默的方式学习相比,他们通常更有可能记住那个概念。联系上下文可知,此处阐述客观事实,且动词teach和主语students之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语students为复数,故填are taught。 2.【答案】to remember　 【解析】考查不定式。be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式。 3.【答案】on　 【解析】考查介词。句意:对概念有相同影响的信息包括单词、句子、图片和混合的信息,如漫画和视频。have an effect on意为“对……有影响”,故本空应用介词on。 4.【答案】mixed　 【解析】考查形容词。本空修饰名词information,故应用形容词mixed,意为“混合的”。 5.【答案】anxiety　 【解析】考查名词。设空处与空前名词anger并列,应用名词形式,此处表示“焦虑”,故填anxiety。 6.【答案】Adding　 【解析】考查动名词。句意:在你所呈现的信息中加入幽默可以使它更有趣、更吸引他人。本空在句中作主语,表示抽象的动作,应用动名词形式,句首单词首字母应大写,故填Adding。 7.【答案】that/which　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如,使用幽默的广告会受到人们更多的关注。本空引导定语从句,修饰先行词advertisements,本空在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词that或which。 8.【答案】used　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:幽默,如果在适当的情况下使用得当,可以改善别人对你的印象。此处为状语从句的省略,动词use和其逻辑主语Humor之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词形式。 9.【答案】a　 【解析】考查冠词。空后名词speech表示泛指,且speech发音以辅音音素开头,故此处应用不定冠词a。 10.【答案】Similarly　 【解析】考查副词。设空处位于句首,且后面有逗号和句子其他部分隔开,设空处的提示词为形容词,故推测此处应用副词作状语。句首单词的首字母应大写,故填Similarly。 二．阅读理解 A (2025吉林省八校期中联考) Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects, even in the darkest times. Laughter serves as a bridge, helping individuals get through pain. This is shown in Amy Herzog’s new play,Mary Jane. The play balances humor and heartbreak, providing a fresh idea on the trials of care-giving and the strength of the human spirit. Mary Jane tells the story of a single mother who raises her disabled son, Alex. The play explores friendship, unconditional mother love, and hope and despair. Despite all the challenges she faces, Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor, offering the audience a brief respite(暂缓) from her emotional trouble. The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience. This is achieved by showing the influence of Alex’s condition through the eyes of those who care for him. The audience feels the weight of his absence and his various needs, which take up most of Mary Jane’s life. Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs. Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humor that help her fight with her daily struggles. One of the most moving parts of the play is that of Mary Jane’s interactions with other mothers of disabled children. They exchange advice, encourage and entertain each other with humor. These interactions not only provide amusement but also strengthen their bond and ability to cope with problems. Norman Cousins, a professor, recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter. Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic(麻醉的) effect and gave him at least two hours of pain-free sleep. His findings show humor’s physical and psychological benefits. Research also supports the importance of laughter and humor, showing that it can reduce stress, improve moods and resilience. Humor positively and directly affects people’s health. This indicates that humor can buffer stress and improve overall mental health. 1.Which words can describe Mary Jane? A.Curious and sensitive.　 B.Careful and friendly. C.Strong and humorous.　 D.Loyal and hardworking. 2.What can we learn from the play? A.Mary Jane has no friends.　 B.Mary Jane never goes out to work. C.Mary Jane has a considerate husband.　 D.The audience seldom see Alex in the play. 3.How did Cousins recover from his illness? A.By having plenty of exercise.　 B.By laughing a lot every day. C.By having a balanced diet.　 D.By taking lots of medicine. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.The benefits of humor in overcoming life’s challenges. B.The challenges faced by single mothers raising disabled children. C.The psychological impact of caring for a disabled child on a mother. D.The importance of community support for taking care of disabled children. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Amy Herzog的新剧Mary Jane及Norman Cousins教授的发现介绍了幽默在人生的至暗时期的重要作用以及幽默对人身心健康的好处。 【高频词汇】　1.be recognized for 因……得到认可 2.serve as 充当　3.unconditional adj.无条件的 4.despair n.绝望　5.psychological adj.心理的 6.presence n.存在,出现　7.take up 占据　8.meet the demands of 满足……的要求 1.【答案】C　 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Despite all the challenges she faces, Mary Jane􀆳s life is filled with humor”以及第三段中“Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humor that help her fight with her daily struggles.”可知,Mary Jane虽然面临很多挑战,但她的生活充满了幽默,还能用幽默与他人互动来应对日常困难,说明她很坚强且幽默。故选C。 2.【答案】D　 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The play focuses on the characters􀆳 emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience.” 可知,剧中关注的是人物的情感和心理经历,而不是Alex的身体存在,所以观众在剧中很少看到Alex。故选D。 3.【答案】B　 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Norman Cousins, a professor, recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter...pain-free sleep.”可知,Norman Cousins是通过每天的大笑从重病中恢复过来的。故选B。 4.【答案】A　 【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇“Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects, even in the darkest times.”指出幽默在至暗时期的积极作用,接着通过Mary Jane这部剧以及Norman Cousins的例子阐述幽默带来的多种益处,如缓解痛苦、改善情绪等,最后一段中“Humor positively and directly affects people􀆳s health...mental health.”再次强调幽默的作用。因此本文主要介绍了幽默在克服生活中的挑战时的好处。故选A。 B (2024四川广安期中) Do You Laugh Too Little? When we are kids, we laugh a lot. Children laugh dozens of times a day: they laugh at small things and big things; they laugh at silly jokes and serious things. All seem to be laughing stocks for them.　1　. Do you laugh too little in your life? Should you remember how you used to laugh as a child?   In fact, laughter has a lot of benefits. 　2　. It can cheer you up and reduce your blood pressure. And it contributes to the release of hormones and neurotransmitters, which is good for our health: if we are laughing, it means that all is well.   　3　. It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Laughing together is great for bonding, no matter what the situation.  A good way to laugh merrily like a child is to allow yourself to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it’s through video games, outdoor games, or board games. 　4　!  Beyond that, you can also cultivate(培养) situations that promote laughter in your life. 　5　. Be a witty person who can make jokes and laugh at jokes. Make a conscious effort to include things, people, and events that make you laugh in your daily life. Try to see your friends more often. Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself.  A.Don’t take yourself seriously B.In addition to this, laughing has a social function C.If not, maybe it is the point of worrying about it D.Discover what you like to play and have fun with it E.Watch funny films and videos, and read funny articles and books F.But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily G.It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。大量的研究证明笑对我们有诸多益处。因此我们应提倡享受生活中的乐趣,让自己像孩子一样无忧无虑地笑,同时在日常生活中积极寻找让自己开心的人和事。 【高频词汇】　1.benefit n.益处,好处　2.contribute to有助于　3.release n.释放　4.at ease自在的,惬意的 5.bonding n.人与人之间的关系(或联结)　6.promote v.促进　7.conscious adj.刻意的;有意识的　8.hang out闲逛 1.【答案】F　 【解析】细节句。根据设空处上文“When we are kids, we laugh a lot.”和下文“Do you laugh too little in your life?”可知,这里提到我们小时候经常笑,但是长大之后却很少笑。F项(但当我们成年后,要轻易地笑出来就困难多了)与上下文意思一致,符合语境。 2.【答案】G　 【解析】细节句。根据空前“In fact, laughter has a lot of benefits.”可知,本空应承接上文,介绍笑带来的好处。G项(这是一种很好的放松方式,不仅在纯粹的情感层面,还在身体层面)符合文意。 3.【答案】B　 【解析】主旨句。根据空后句“It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others.”可知,笑能帮助我们在新朋友身边感到更自在,也将我们与他人联系在一起。因此本段应介绍笑给人们社交带来的好处,B项(除此之外,笑还有社交功能)符合语境。 4.【答案】D　 【解析】细节句。根据上文“Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter...board games.”可知,可以通过游戏引发笑声。D项(发现你喜欢玩的游戏并从中获得乐趣)承接上文,符合文意。 5.【答案】E　 【解析】细节句。根据空前句“Beyond that, you can also cultivate situations that promote laughter in your life.”可知,你还可以在生活中培养能增加笑声的环境。E项(观看有趣的电影和视频,阅读有趣的文章和书籍)介绍创造笑声环境的方法,符合文意。 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $