专题04 选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 语法、写作讲解（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语外研版

专题04 选择性必修第一册Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 v．­ing和不定式作宾语 考点二 写作精讲（写一次经历） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 v．­ing和不定式作宾语 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，指出其黑体部分的动词形式及作用。 1．As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 2．“We regret to inform you...”are the words every writer knows well. 不定式作宾语 3．However，he doesn't care about being famous. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 4．He enjoys listening to violin music，playing mahjong，swimming and reading. 动词­ing作动词的宾语 5．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 6．Xiao Wang's parents planned to take a holiday abroad. 不定式作动词的宾语 7．They start working/to work at eight every morning.不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语 8．He neglected locking/to lock the door. 不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语 9．In those days they couldn't afford to buy a car. 不定式作动词的宾语 10．I may claim to have learned 8，000 English words. 不定式作动词的宾语 [归纳用法] 一、只接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词 1．作动词的宾语 括号中的动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语。这些动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆： 避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind) Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？ I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。 2．作动词短语的宾语 动词短语：insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，get/be used to，pay attention to，be worth等后接动词­ing形式作宾语。 She is very fond of telling other people what to do.她爱对别人指手画脚。 He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do (work) with students. ②I often practise (listen) and (speak)． ③The boy was lucky to escape (punish)． ④It is useful for someone who is trying to give up (smoke)． ⑤It's quite hot today.Do you feel like (go) for a swim? 二、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词 1．agree(同意)，afford(付得起)，offer(主动提出)，plan(打算，计划)，demand(要求)，promise(答应)，help(帮忙)，prepare(准备)，decide(决定)，refuse(拒绝)，choose(选择，决定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望)，fail(失败)，pretend(假装)，manage(设法)，determine(决心)，beg(恳求，祈求)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称)，aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，happen(碰巧)，hope(希望)等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。 I offered to paint the house in exchange for a week's accommodation. 我主动提出给房子刷油漆以换取一周的食宿。 John is very reliable－if he promises to do something，he'll certainly do it. 约翰非常可靠，他如果许诺做什么事，就一定会做的。 [名师点津] 动词不定式作宾语且后面有自己的宾语补足语时，常常用it作形式宾语，将不定式放在宾语补足语之后。当不定式作consider, feel, find, make, think等动词的宾语时，常使用这一结构。 They all feel it very hard to learn English.他们都感觉学英语很难。 2．动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式： (1)一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。 I just wanted to know if everything was all right.我只是想知道是否一切都好。 He refused to be photographed.他拒绝让人拍照。 (2)进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。 When I came in，he pretended to be sleeping.当我进来时，他假装正在睡觉。 It happened to be raining when I got there.我到达那里的时候，碰巧在下雨。 (3)完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He claimed to have been badly treated in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday. 他声称昨天在超市购物时受到了不好的对待。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①I had hoped (send) him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage. ②When his mother came in，the boy pretended (read)． ③Having failed in the driving test twice，he decided not (take) it again. ④If you want (go) with us，you should be ready by eight o'clock. ⑤This，in a nutshell，is what Richard Chaplin appears (do)． 三、既可以接动词­ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况 1．在start，begin，continue等动词后既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。 2．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。 He preferred staying in the house when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。 (动词­ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里。) I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午我宁愿待在家里。 (动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。) 3．下表中的动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing/having done 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做…… doing 停止做…… Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 4．下列动词可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式：need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done。 The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。 【牛刀小试】单句语法填空 ①He likes but he doesn't like this afternoon.(swim) ②I mean (change) it for another one. ③Missing the train means (wait) for another hour. ④I remembered (lock) the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn(turn) off the lights. 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．They promised (come) here to help us. 2．Some students find it very difficult (speak) English fluently. 3．I regret (tell) you that your school team has lost the game. 4．Yesterday he forgot (post) the letter and looked for it everywhere. 5．Generally speaking，young kids are keen on (watch) cartoons. 6．He claimed (reach) the top of the mountain. 7．I was so angry that I felt like (throw) something at him. 8．Have you considered (look) for one special friend? 9．I expect him (do) homework now. 10．She objected to (go) there by train in such a situation. 二.短文语法填空 We were sorry 1. (hear) that Cindy was ill in hospital.We hoped 2. (help) her in some way，so we decided 3. (pay) a visit to her yesterday afternoon.Cindy was happy to see us.She started 4. (talk) with us.She told us that she felt like 5. (go) to school soon，6. the doctor suggested 7. (stay) in bed for three days.We told her not 8. (worry) about her lessons.We would do everything we could 9. (help) her.Cindy said she would try 10. (catch) up with us. 考点二 写作精讲 写一次经历 写作积累 个人经历类写作 开头:简要 叙述发生 的事情 1.As scheduled, the...took place at...in..., lasting 2 hours.正如所计划的,……于……(时间)在……(地点)举行,历时两个小时。 2.Once I was invited to...but what happened later made me feel...有一次我被邀请去……但后来发生的事让我觉得…… 主体:事 件过程 1.At first I thought...but it turned out to be...which made me feel...起初我以为……但结果是……这让我觉得…… 2.Only when I was told that...did I begin to realize what a silly mistake I had made.只有当我被告知……时我才开始意识到我犯了一个多么愚蠢的错误。 结尾:事 件结果 1.Through this meaningful...activity, we learned something that can􀆳t be learned in class. 通过这次有意义的……活动,我们学到了在课堂上学不到的东西。 2.The activity made us have a better understanding of the meaning of... 这次活动让我们更好地了解……的意义。 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,曾经在一所聋哑学校做过助教,请根据以下要点用英文写一篇关于你的助教经历的文章。 1.一位对生活失去信心的失聪女孩Jean在你的帮助下对生活重拾信心; 2.当时你遇到的最大困难是沟通障碍; 3.你是如何克服困难的?你从中学到了什么? 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词填空 1.　　　　adj.难堪的,尴尬的   2.　　　　adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的   3.　　　　n.友谊;友好交往   4.　　　　adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的   5.　　　　adv.然而,不过   6.　　　　　　v.锲而不舍,坚持不懈   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:概述助教经历 (1)On the whole, helping Jean restore her confidence in life is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(一次愉快的经历).   第二部分:遇到的困难及解决办法 (2)The biggest difficulty 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(我面对的)was the communication barriers.   (3)First, I advised her to 　　　　 　　　　(鼓起勇气)to confront the difficulties instead of 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(逃避它们).   (4)Furthermore, I made every effort to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (建立友谊及互相的信任) with her.   (5)Eventually, what mattered most was to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(坚持我正在做的事情).  第三部分:你的收获 (6) What I get from this experience is that confidence and determination can really 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(有助于我们的成功).   2.句式升级 (7)用it作形式主语改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  (8)将句(2)改为强调句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  连句成篇 　　 help Jean restore her confidence in life. From my memory, when we first met, she was always upset,. Meanwhile,   were the biggest . Nevertheless, I made it. First, I advised her to gather courage to instead of escaping from them. Furthermore, I made every effort to establish companionship and mutual trust with her.is that confidence and determination can really   contribute to our success and be confident about life.  【牛刀小试】 假定你是李华,上周你与几位朋友组建了一个志愿者小组,并成功开展了相关志愿活动,请你在英语课上分享这次经历,内容包括: 1.克服的困难; 2.你的感受。 注意:词数80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  一.单元语法专练 A.单句语法填空 1.Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests 　　　　　(take) online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track.   2.The program aims 　　　　　(help) students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.   3.In the Digital Age, we’re used to 　　　　　(have) what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.   4.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed 　　　　　 (grow) square ones so that they can pack them easily.   5.Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without 　　　　　(learn) bad habits.  6.There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed　　　　　(enjoy) peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.  7.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid 　　　　　(miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.  8.I didn’t mean 　　　　　(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn􀆳t help　　　　　 (try) it.  B.完成句子 1.她不得不承认打破了这个花瓶,感觉她的脸羞得发烫。 She had to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, feeling her face burn with shame. 2.我们学校计划下个月组织一次才艺表演,欢迎所有学生参加这个令人惊叹的活动。 Our school 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a talent show next month, and all students are welcome to be part of this amazing event.  3.雷切尔从小就梦想成为一名医生,后来在大学里攻读医学学位。 Rachel 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when she was young, and later pursued a medical degree in college.  4.(易错题)当萨拉意识到她忘了带她的家庭作业去学校时,她的心一沉。 Sara’s heart sank when she realized that she had forgotten 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 5.我清楚地记得在什么地方见过她,但想不起她的名字了。 I can vividly 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 somewhere but her name slips my mind.  二．写作训练 1．（25-26高二下·浙江·期中）假定你是李华，上周你和班级同学参加了学校组织的户外拓展训练（outdoor development training），如：rope climbing; team relay races等。请给你的英国网友Johnson写一封电子邮件，描述此次活动并谈谈你的感受。内容要点： 1.简述活动的主要过程; 2.分享你的个人感受。 注意：(1) 词数应为80个左右;        (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Johnson, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）以“An unforgettable experience”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述让你难忘的一次经历。要点如下： 1. 事情的经过； 2. 你感到难忘的原因或从中得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式写作。 An unforgettable experience ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．（2026高二·全国·专题练习）假如你是高中生李华，正在为明天英语课上的“课前三分钟演讲”做准备。你打算结合自己的经历，谈谈对挑战的看法。内容包括：1. 你是如何看待挑战的；2. 你战胜挑战的一次经历；3. 你的建议。 注意：词数80左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（24-25高三上·全国·课堂例题）假定你是李华，上周末你和几名同学在学校附近的孤儿院做志愿者。请你按照以下提示写一篇英语短文。内容包括： 1.活动的时间和地点； 2.活动的主要内容：分发礼物、教孩子们阅读和写作、打扫卫生和洗衣服； 3.你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：孤儿院(orphanage) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．（23-24高一上·全国·单元测试）上周末，你和父母去上海旅行了。请你根据下面的要点，用英语写出此次旅行的所见所闻和所感。 1. 我和父母去了上海，很多漂亮的建筑给我留下了深刻的印象。 2. 我们先去了美丽的黄浦江，又去了繁华的南京路,并在那儿享受了购物的乐趣,最后我们去了博物馆并观看了一场有趣的科幻电影。 3. 这次去上海的经历给我留下了深刻的印象。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;    2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 选择性必修第一册Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 语法、写作讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 v．­ing和不定式作宾语 考点二 写作精讲（写一次经历） 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 v．­ing和不定式作宾语 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，指出其黑体部分的动词形式及作用。 1．As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 2．“We regret to inform you...”are the words every writer knows well. 不定式作宾语 3．However，he doesn't care about being famous. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 4．He enjoys listening to violin music，playing mahjong，swimming and reading. 动词­ing作动词的宾语 5．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 动词­ing作介词的宾语 6．Xiao Wang's parents planned to take a holiday abroad. 不定式作动词的宾语 7．They start working/to work at eight every morning.不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语 8．He neglected locking/to lock the door. 不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语 9．In those days they couldn't afford to buy a car. 不定式作动词的宾语 10．I may claim to have learned 8，000 English words. 不定式作动词的宾语 [归纳用法] 一、只接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词 1．作动词的宾语 括号中的动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语。这些动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆： 避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind) Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？ I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。 2．作动词短语的宾语 动词短语：insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，get/be used to，pay attention to，be worth等后接动词­ing形式作宾语。 She is very fond of telling other people what to do.她爱对别人指手画脚。 He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do (work) with students. ②I often practise (listen) and (speak)． ③The boy was lucky to escape (punish)． ④It is useful for someone who is trying to give up (smoke)． ⑤It's quite hot today.Do you feel like (go) for a swim? 【答案】1.working2.listening,speaking3.being punished4.smoking5.going 二、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词 1．agree(同意)，afford(付得起)，offer(主动提出)，plan(打算，计划)，demand(要求)，promise(答应)，help(帮忙)，prepare(准备)，decide(决定)，refuse(拒绝)，choose(选择，决定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望)，fail(失败)，pretend(假装)，manage(设法)，determine(决心)，beg(恳求，祈求)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称)，aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，happen(碰巧)，hope(希望)等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。 I offered to paint the house in exchange for a week's accommodation. 我主动提出给房子刷油漆以换取一周的食宿。 John is very reliable－if he promises to do something，he'll certainly do it. 约翰非常可靠，他如果许诺做什么事，就一定会做的。 [名师点津] 动词不定式作宾语且后面有自己的宾语补足语时，常常用it作形式宾语，将不定式放在宾语补足语之后。当不定式作consider, feel, find, make, think等动词的宾语时，常使用这一结构。 They all feel it very hard to learn English.他们都感觉学英语很难。 2．动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式： (1)一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。 I just wanted to know if everything was all right.我只是想知道是否一切都好。 He refused to be photographed.他拒绝让人拍照。 (2)进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。 When I came in，he pretended to be sleeping.当我进来时，他假装正在睡觉。 It happened to be raining when I got there.我到达那里的时候，碰巧在下雨。 (3)完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He claimed to have been badly treated in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday. 他声称昨天在超市购物时受到了不好的对待。 【牛刀小试】 单句语法填空 ①I had hoped (send) him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage. ②When his mother came in，the boy pretended (read)． ③Having failed in the driving test twice，he decided not (take) it again. ④If you want (go) with us，you should be ready by eight o'clock. ⑤This，in a nutshell，is what Richard Chaplin appears (do)． 【答案】1.to send2.to be reading3.to take4.to go5.to have done 三、既可以接动词­ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况 1．在start，begin，continue等动词后既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。 2．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。 He preferred staying in the house when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。 (动词­ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里。) I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午我宁愿待在家里。 (动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。) 3．下表中的动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing/having done 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做…… doing 停止做…… Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 4．下列动词可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式：need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done。 The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。 【牛刀小试】单句语法填空 ①He likes but he doesn't like this afternoon.(swim) ②I mean (change) it for another one. ③Missing the train means (wait) for another hour. ④I remembered (lock) the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn(turn) off the lights. 【答案】1.swimming ,to swim2.to change3.waiting4.locking 【牛刀小试】 一．单句语法填空 1．They promised (come) here to help us. 2．Some students find it very difficult (speak) English fluently. 3．I regret (tell) you that your school team has lost the game. 4．Yesterday he forgot (post) the letter and looked for it everywhere. 5．Generally speaking，young kids are keen on (watch) cartoons. 6．He claimed (reach) the top of the mountain. 7．I was so angry that I felt like (throw) something at him. 8．Have you considered (look) for one special friend? 9．I expect him (do) homework now. 10．She objected to (go) there by train in such a situation. 【答案】1.to come2.to speak3.to tell4.posting/having posted5.watching6.to have reached 7.throwing8.looking9.to be doing10.going 二.短文语法填空 We were sorry 1. (hear) that Cindy was ill in hospital.We hoped 2. (help) her in some way，so we decided 3. (pay) a visit to her yesterday afternoon.Cindy was happy to see us.She started 4. (talk) with us.She told us that she felt like 5. (go) to school soon，6. the doctor suggested 7. (stay) in bed for three days.We told her not 8. (worry) about her lessons.We would do everything we could 9. (help) her.Cindy said she would try 10. (catch) up with us. 【答案】1.to hear2.to help3.to pay4.talking5.going6.but 7.staying8.to worry9.to help10.to catch 考点二 写作精讲 写一次经历 写作积累 个人经历类写作 开头:简要 叙述发生 的事情 1.As scheduled, the...took place at...in..., lasting 2 hours.正如所计划的,……于……(时间)在……(地点)举行,历时两个小时。 2.Once I was invited to...but what happened later made me feel...有一次我被邀请去……但后来发生的事让我觉得…… 主体:事 件过程 1.At first I thought...but it turned out to be...which made me feel...起初我以为……但结果是……这让我觉得…… 2.Only when I was told that...did I begin to realize what a silly mistake I had made.只有当我被告知……时我才开始意识到我犯了一个多么愚蠢的错误。 结尾:事 件结果 1.Through this meaningful...activity, we learned something that can􀆳t be learned in class. 通过这次有意义的……活动,我们学到了在课堂上学不到的东西。 2.The activity made us have a better understanding of the meaning of... 这次活动让我们更好地了解……的意义。 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,曾经在一所聋哑学校做过助教,请根据以下要点用英文写一篇关于你的助教经历的文章。 1.一位对生活失去信心的失聪女孩Jean在你的帮助下对生活重拾信心; 2.当时你遇到的最大困难是沟通障碍; 3.你是如何克服困难的?你从中学到了什么? 注意: 1.词数80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词填空 1.　　　　adj.难堪的,尴尬的   2.　　　　adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的   3.　　　　n.友谊;友好交往   4.　　　　adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的   5.　　　　adv.然而,不过   6.　　　　　　v.锲而不舍,坚持不懈   【答案】1.embarrassed　2.delightful3.companionship　4.upset　5.nevertheless　6.persevere Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:概述助教经历 (1)On the whole, helping Jean restore her confidence in life is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(一次愉快的经历).   第二部分:遇到的困难及解决办法 (2)The biggest difficulty 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(我面对的)was the communication barriers.   (3)First, I advised her to 　　　　 　　　　(鼓起勇气)to confront the difficulties instead of 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(逃避它们).   (4)Furthermore, I made every effort to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (建立友谊及互相的信任) with her.   (5)Eventually, what mattered most was to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(坚持我正在做的事情).  第三部分:你的收获 (6) What I get from this experience is that confidence and determination can really 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(有助于我们的成功).   【答案】(1)a delightful experience(2)that I faced(3)gather courage;escaping from them(4)establish companionship and mutual trust　(5)persevere in what I was doing(6)contribute to our success 2.句式升级 (7)用it作形式主语改写句(1) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  (8)将句(2)改为强调句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】(7)On the whole, it is a delightful experience to help Jean restore her confidence in life.　(8)It was the communication barriers that were the biggest difficulty that I faced. 连句成篇 　　 help Jean restore her confidence in life. From my memory, when we first met, she was always upset,. Meanwhile,   were the biggest . Nevertheless, I made it. First, I advised her to gather courage to instead of escaping from them. Furthermore, I made every effort to establish companionship and mutual trust with her.is that confidence and determination can really   contribute to our success and be confident about life.  【牛刀小试】 假定你是李华,上周你与几位朋友组建了一个志愿者小组,并成功开展了相关志愿活动,请你在英语课上分享这次经历,内容包括: 1.克服的困难; 2.你的感受。 注意:词数80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  One possible version: Last week, I set up a volunteer group with several friends,which is aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and social skills. One major challenge we faced was recruiting members who were both caring and available. Many students were interested, but they had conflicting schedules. To resolve this, we held online meetings and reached out to more members. Another challenge was learning how to interact effectively with autistic children. Luckily, we received some special training from local experts. Not only did this journey teach me patience, empathy, and the value of community service, but it also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership. In short, it is a rewarding experience filled with challenges and growth. 1.重点词汇 ①set up建立,创建 ②be aimed at doing sth.旨在做某事 ③available adj.有空的 ④interact with sb.与某人互动 ⑤deepen one􀆳s understanding of...加深某人对……的理解 2.亮点句型 ①Last week, I set up a volunteer group with several friends, which is aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and social skills.(which引导非限制性定语从句)上周,我与几个朋友组建了一个志愿者小组,该小组旨在对孤独症儿童的日常活动和社交技能方面进行帮助。  ②Another challenge was learning how to interact effectively with autistic children. (“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语)另一个挑战是学习如何与孤独症儿童有效互动。  ③Not only did this journey teach me patience, empathy, and the value of community service, but it also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership.(Not only置于句首引起的部分倒装)这段旅程不仅教会了我耐心、同理心和社区服务的价值,也加深了我对团队合作和领导力的理解。  一.单元语法专练 A.单句语法填空 1.Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests 　　　　　(take) online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track.   2.The program aims 　　　　　(help) students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.   3.In the Digital Age, we’re used to 　　　　　(have) what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.   4.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed 　　　　　 (grow) square ones so that they can pack them easily.   5.Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without 　　　　　(learn) bad habits.  6.There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed　　　　　(enjoy) peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.  7.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid 　　　　　(miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.  8.I didn’t mean 　　　　　(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn􀆳t help　　　　　 (try) it.  1.taking　考查动名词作宾语。句意:本科生Jessica Pink建议和朋友一起参加在线课程,这样你们就可以互相激励,保持处于正轨。suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,故本空应用动名词形式作宾语。 2.to help　考查不定式作宾语。句意:该项目力求帮助学生培养科学技能、环境意识和健康的生活方式。aim to do sth.意为“力求做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式作宾语。 3.having　考查动名词作宾语。句意:在数字时代,我们习惯于立即拥有我们需要的东西并使其触手可得。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”,to为介词,故本空应用动名词形式作宾语。 4.to grow　考查不定式作宾语。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有设法种植方形的(西红柿),这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”,故本空应用不定式作宾语。 5.learning　考查动名词作宾语。句意:我们希望有一个干净、无引诱物的地方,熊可以从那里通过,而不会习得坏习惯。根据空前介词without可知,本空应用动名词形式作宾语。 6.to enjoy　考查不定式作宾语。句意:从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,在那里所有的生物似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活。seem to do sth.意为“似乎做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式作宾语。 7.missing　考查动名词作宾语。句意:我经常早点离开,寻找合适的目的地,这样我就可以早点安排,以免错过我试图拍摄的那一刻。avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”,故本空应用动名词形式作宾语。 8.to eat;trying　考查不定式和动名词作宾语。句意:我本来不打算吃任何东西的,但那个冰激凌看起来如此诱人以至于我禁不住尝了尝。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”,mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”;couldn’t help (to) do sth.意为“不能帮着做某事”,couldn’t help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事”,根据语境可知第一空填to eat,第二空填trying。 B.完成句子 1.她不得不承认打破了这个花瓶,感觉她的脸羞得发烫。 She had to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, feeling her face burn with shame. 2.我们学校计划下个月组织一次才艺表演,欢迎所有学生参加这个令人惊叹的活动。 Our school 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a talent show next month, and all students are welcome to be part of this amazing event.  3.雷切尔从小就梦想成为一名医生,后来在大学里攻读医学学位。 Rachel 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when she was young, and later pursued a medical degree in college.  4.(易错题)当萨拉意识到她忘了带她的家庭作业去学校时,她的心一沉。 Sara’s heart sank when she realized that she had forgotten 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 5.我清楚地记得在什么地方见过她,但想不起她的名字了。 I can vividly 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 somewhere but her name slips my mind.  1.admit breaking the vase2.plans to organize/organise3.dreamed of becoming a doctor4.to take her homework to school5.remember seeing her 二．写作训练 1．（25-26高二下·浙江·期中）假定你是李华，上周你和班级同学参加了学校组织的户外拓展训练（outdoor development training），如：rope climbing; team relay races等。请给你的英国网友Johnson写一封电子邮件，描述此次活动并谈谈你的感受。内容要点： 1.简述活动的主要过程; 2.分享你的个人感受。 注意：(1) 词数应为80个左右;        (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Johnson, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 How is everything going? I’m writing to share with you a fantastic outdoor development training held by our school last week. My classmates and I took part in challenging activities, ranging from rope climbing to team relay races. At first, I felt nervous and hesitated to challenge myself. However, with my classmates’ warm encouragement, I kept trying and successfully finished all tasks. We cooperated closely and cheered for each other throughout the activity. This training was really meaningful. It built up my courage and strengthened our teamwork. I have learned it is unity and perseverance that can help us overcome any difficulty in our life and study. 【导语】要求考生以李华的身份给英国网友写邮件，介绍户外拓展训练并谈感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：hold→launch 参加：take part in→participate in 合作：cooperate→team up 增强：build up→boost 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：This training was really meaningful. It built up my courage and strengthened our teamwork. 拓展句：This training was so meaningful that it built up my courage and strengthened our teamwork. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share with you a fantastic outdoor development training held by our school last week.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语和过去分词短语作后置定语) 【高分句型2】I have learned it is unity and perseverance that can help us overcome any difficulty in our life and study.(运用了it is...that...引导的强调句型) 2．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）以“An unforgettable experience”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述让你难忘的一次经历。要点如下： 1. 事情的经过； 2. 你感到难忘的原因或从中得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式写作。 An unforgettable experience ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文 An unforgettable experience I never forget how proud I felt when I did a foreigner a favor on the Great Wall. It was a cold day during the winter vacation. When I was enjoying the fantastic view of the Great Wall, a middle-­aged foreigner came to me and asked if I could tell him something about the wall. Encouraged by the guide, I gave him a vivid description of the history of the Great Wall in English. The man felt pleased and kept expressing his admiration, saying that it was a marvelous wonder in the world. I felt proud at that moment, not only because I was helpful to a foreigner, but also because I, as a Chinese, could spread our splendid culture to the world. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“An unforgettable experience”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次难忘的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 欣赏：enjoy → admire 生动的：vivid → graphic 非凡的：marvelous → remarkable 感到自豪：feel proud at → take pride in 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Encouraged by the guide, I gave him a vivid description of the history of the Great Wall in English. 拓展句：As I was encouraged by the guide, I gave him a vivid description of the history of the Great Wall in English. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I never forget how proud I felt when I did a foreigner a favor on the Great Wall.（运用了how引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】When I was enjoying the fantastic view of the Great Wall, a middle-­aged foreigner came to me and asked if I could tell him something about the wall.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和if引导的宾语从句） 3．（2026高二·全国·专题练习）假如你是高中生李华，正在为明天英语课上的“课前三分钟演讲”做准备。你打算结合自己的经历，谈谈对挑战的看法。内容包括：1. 你是如何看待挑战的；2. 你战胜挑战的一次经历；3. 你的建议。 注意：词数80左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hello, my dear friends. I’m happy to share my opinion about challenges with you. In my view, challenges are strong motivations that drive me on the way to success. I remember when I was in junior school, I wanted to join the school football team, and I signed up for it. Then I was told that all the candidates would try out for it a month later and only those who finished running in a required time could be accepted. Though I wasn’t good at running, I was so eager to become a football player that I practiced running every morning. To my surprise, after a month’s hard work, I made it to the football team. So my suggestion is: Never be afraid of challenges, because they are opportunities in disguise. That’s all. Thank you. 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生说明自己是如何看待挑战的、自己战胜挑战的一次经历以及自己的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 动机：motivation→impetus 报名：sign up for→register for 渴望做某事：be eager to do sth→be keen to do sth 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：To my surprise, after a month’s hard work, I made it to the football team. 拓展句：What made me surprised was that I made it to the football team after a month’s hard work. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】In my view, challenges are strong motivations that drive me on the way to success.（运用that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型 2】Though I wasn’t good at running, I was so eager to become a football player that I practiced running every morning.（运用though引导的让步状语从句，so...that...引导的结果状语从句） 4．（24-25高三上·全国·课堂例题）假定你是李华，上周末你和几名同学在学校附近的孤儿院做志愿者。请你按照以下提示写一篇英语短文。内容包括： 1.活动的时间和地点； 2.活动的主要内容：分发礼物、教孩子们阅读和写作、打扫卫生和洗衣服； 3.你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：孤儿院(orphanage) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文 Last weekend, I went to Shanghai with my parents. Shanghai is a big city. There are some beautiful buildings, which impressed me very much. Firstly, we went to the Huangpu River. It was long and some birds were resting on the surface of the river. Never had I seen so beautiful views. After that, we went to Nanjing Road, which was very busy and crowded. We went shopping. The stores were great but souvenirs were really expensive. I had great fun going shopping. At last, we visited the museum, which was cool and big. We saw an interesting science fiction movie. It was great. I enjoyed my visit very much. Never will I forget the unforgettable experience. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇去孤儿院做志愿者的英语短文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→first of all 昂贵的：expensive→pricy 美丽的：beautiful→gorgeous 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：We saw an interesting science fiction movie. It was great. 拓展句：We saw an interesting science fiction movie, which was great. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Never will I forget the unforgettable experience. (运用了部分倒装句) [高分句型2] At last, we visited the museum, which was cool and big. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 5．（23-24高一上·全国·单元测试）上周末，你和父母去上海旅行了。请你根据下面的要点，用英语写出此次旅行的所见所闻和所感。 1. 我和父母去了上海，很多漂亮的建筑给我留下了深刻的印象。 2. 我们先去了美丽的黄浦江，又去了繁华的南京路,并在那儿享受了购物的乐趣,最后我们去了博物馆并观看了一场有趣的科幻电影。 3. 这次去上海的经历给我留下了深刻的印象。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;    2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Last weekend, I went to Shanghai with my parents. Shanghai is a big city. There are some beautiful buildings, which impressed me very much. Firstly, we went to the Huangpu River. It was long and some birds were resting on the surface of the river. Never had I seen so beautiful views. After that, we went to Nanjing Road, which was very busy and crowded. We went shopping. The stores were great but souvenirs were really expensive. I had great fun going shopping. At last, we visited the museum, which was cool and big. We saw an interesting science fiction movie. It was great. I enjoyed my visit very much. Never will I forget the unforgettable experience. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周末，考生和父母去上海旅行了。请考生根据下面的要点，用英语写出此次旅行的所见所闻和所感。 【详解】1.词汇积累 漂亮的：beautiful→pretty 忙的：busy→occupied 拜访：visit→pay a visit to 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：There are some beautiful buildings, which impressed me very much. 拓展句：There are some beautiful buildings, leaving a deep impression on me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After that, we went to Nanjing Road, which was very busy and crowded.（运用了which引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Never will I forget the unforgettable experience.（运用了部分倒装句） 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $