专题03 选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 课文讲解（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语外研版

专题03 选择性必修第一册Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 课文讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读1 课文重点词汇 课文结构 考点二 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读2 课文重点词汇 考点三 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文知识解析 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读1 Understanding ideas 原文呈现 1.Research these writers online and match them to the information. J.D.Salinger Emily Brontё J.K.Rowling 1. ____________ has the same birthday as his/her most famous character: 31 July. 2. ____________ may have written and hidden several unpublished ① works（"may have done"结构，意为"可能做了……"，表示对过去所发生的事情的猜测， 强调可能性。）. 3. ______________ had to pay to have his/her poetry published（"have sth. done"结构，意为"使某事被做", have此时为使役动词。 publish与宾语his/her poetry之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。）. Now share anything else you know about these writers with the class. 2.Read the passage and find out what problems the writers overcame②. Writers Problems they overcame J.K.Rowling She spent years surviving on little money and her first book received criticism from publishers and was rejected twelve times. J.D.Salinger He received criticism and rejections from publishers. Brontё sisters At that time, women were not encouraged to become writers. Their book of poems which they wrote under male names only sold two copies. We Regret to Inform ③ You… [标题赏析]作者把"We regret to inform you…"作为本文的标题和首句，把"We are delighted to inform you…"作为结尾句。首句和尾句在句式结构方面相同，虽然只有"regret"和"are delighted"几个单词的差别，意义却大相径庭，这也正是本文行文的妙趣之处。首句和尾句之间，作者描述了三个典型的"失败—坚持—成功"的事例，证明了如何把"We regret to inform you…"变为"We are delighted to inform you…"。 1 "We regret to inform you…" These are the words that every writer dreads ④ receiving, but words every writer knows well. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking ⑤ （由"名词+动词-ing"构成的独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。sinking一词生动描绘出作家看到拒稿信时低落的心情。） when they reach that final sentence. You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life’s work, yet still this is often not enough. Everyone knows that success rarely ⑥ happens overnight ⑦ , but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection ⑧ . 2 Take for example ⑨ J.K.Rowling.When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common ⑩ with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years surviving on ⑪ little money,（[赏析]此处描述 J.K.罗琳早年的创作生活，展现其经济窘迫却执着于写作的状态。）spending all her time writing.（动词-ing形式短语作状语。）When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of "too difficult for children", "too long","Children would not be interested in it".Nevertheless ⑫, she persevered ⑬ ."I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down ⑭ （[赏析]此处通过直接引用作家本人J.K.罗琳的话让读者直观地感受到她不放弃的坚定决心。）, but I often feared that would happen," she later posted. After a total of ⑮ twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages（with复合结构作状语，books与sell和translate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。）. 3 All too often ⑯ writers of great works have had to face criticism ⑰ along with rejection. J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to ⑱ get his works published（"使役动词get+宾语+宾补"结构，his works与publish之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故宾补用动词-ed形式。）."We feel that we don’t know the central character well enough" was the criticism he received on his manuscript ⑲ for The Catcher in the Rye.Despite rejections from several publishers, J.D.Salinger refused to give up. Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War（时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式是"when he was serving…Second World War"。因主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，故省略了从句的"主语+be"部分。）, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on ⑳ the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller ㉑ and went on to sell millions and millions of copies. 4 Perhaps the overall ㉒ prize for perseverance should go to ㉓ three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print ㉔ .This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.As the then ㉕ Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: "Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be."（[赏析]此处通过引用他人评价（当时桂冠诗人对勃朗特三姐妹的劝阻），侧面反映出女性作家在当时面临的困境。）Nevertheless, the sisters didn’t stop trying. Their response was to write a book of poems under ㉖ male names（动词不定式短语作表语，说明response的具体内容。）. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn’t give up. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre, Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey are regarded as classics ㉗ of world literature. In fact, it is within the pages of. .Jane Eyre. .that we can find these words（强调句型，强调地点状语within the pages of Jane Eyre。）: "I honour endurance ㉘, perseverance, industry ㉙ , talent; because these are the means ㉚ by which men achieve great ends（"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，修饰先行词means。） ㉛ 5 So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee ㉜ success（"It seems that…"句式，意为"似乎……"，可转化为"Sb./Sth. seems+动词不定式"句式。）.While a lot of hard work and a touch of ㉝ luck play a part（while表示"虽然"，引导让步状语从句。）, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words "We are delighted to ㉞ inform you…" 我们遗憾地通知您…… 1 "我们遗憾地通知您……"这是每个作家都害怕收到的话，但又为每个作家所熟知。出版商的答复回来了，作家急切地拆开来读，当他们读到这最后一句时，心随即跌落谷底。你可能花了数年，放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你的毕生作品，但这往往还不够。大家都知道成功很少突然降临，但也许没有多少人知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。 2 以J.K.罗琳为例。当她收到第一封回绝信时，她决定把这看作是自己现在和最喜欢的作家们有了共同之处，并把它贴在了厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有的时间都花在写作上。当她终于写完她的第一本书时，她收到的出版商的评价却是"对孩子们来说太难了""太长了""孩子们不会对它感兴趣"。尽管如此，她还是坚持了下来。"我不会放弃的，除非每一个出版商都拒绝我，但我经常担心那会发生，"她后来说道。在总共被拒绝了12次之后，终于有一位出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。正如我们所知，《哈利·波特》在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。 3 在被回绝的同时还要遭受批评，这在那些写出伟大作品的作家身上太普遍了。J.D.塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以发表。"我们觉得我们无法充分理解主角"，这是他《麦田里的守望者》的手稿受到的批评。尽管遭到多个出版商的拒绝，J.D.塞林格也从未放弃。甚至在第二次世界大战期间，他在美国陆军服役时，也随身带着《麦田里的守望者》的六章内容，并在整个战争服役期间致力于这部小说的修改。最终，这本书一经出版，便立即成了畅销书，卖出千百万册。 4 或许坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该给予英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹，她们梦想着看到自己的文字出版。然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞写给她们其中一位的信中所说："文学不可能也不应该成为女人一生的事业。"然而，三姐妹没有放弃尝试。她们的对策是用男性的名字出一本诗集。尽管这本诗集只卖出了两册，姐妹三人依旧没有放弃，她们开始写小说。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》都被认为是世界文学的经典作品。事实上，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的话："我崇尚忍耐、毅力、勤奋、天赋；因为依靠这些，人们能实现伟大的目标……" 5 所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证获得成功。虽然不懈的努力和少许的运气起一部分作用，但毅力才是关键。坚持下去，最终你会读到这些话"我们高兴地通知您……" 课文重点词汇 ①unpublished adj.未出版的 构词法 un-是常见的否定前缀，意为"不；未；非；反"，其他常见的否定前缀还有 in-、im-、il-、ir-、non-、dis-、mis-。 如complete→incomplete、possible→impossible、 pleasure→displeasure等。 ②overcome the problem/difficulty/fear/differences 解决问题/克服困难/克服恐惧/弥合 分歧 ③inform /ɪnˈfɔ:m/ vt.通知，告知 详见P053 ④dread /dred/ vt.畏惧，惧怕（相当于fear） 搭配 dread doing sth.害怕做某事 ⑤one’s heart sinks 某人心情沉重/情绪低落（用于表示失去信心或希望） ⑥rarely /ˈreəli/ adv.很少，难得 语用 rarely是具有否定意义的副词，常在句中作状语。当它位于句首时，句子往往 要部分倒装，即把句中的助动词、系动词等移至主语之前。用法类似的词还有never、 little、seldom、hardly、nor等。 ⑦overnight /ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt/ adv.突然，一下子,一夜之间 ⑧rejection /rɪˈdʒekʃ（ə）n/ n.[C,U]拒绝，否决 a rejection letter 回绝信 派生构词 reject（vt.拒绝接受,不予考虑）+-ion（名词后缀，表示"……行为，……状 态"）→rejection（n.） ⑨take…for example 以……为例 拓展 与example相关的其他短语： for example（=for instance） 例如 set an example （for/to sb.） （为某人）树立榜样 follow one’s example 以某人为榜样，仿效某人 ⑩have…in common 有……共同之处 详见P054 ⑪survive on 靠……生存 近义 live on 靠（……钱）生活 ⑫nevertheless /ˌnevəð əˈles/ adv.然而，不过 ⑬persevere /ˌpɜ:sɪˈvɪə/ vi.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 搭配 persevere in （doing） sth.坚持（做）某事 词链 persevere（vi.）—persevering（adj.坚韧不拔的，不屈不挠的）—perseverance （n.[U]毅力） ⑭turn sb./sth.down 拒绝（提议、建议或提议人） ⑮a total of 总计 ⑯all too often 有太多时候，太过频繁（表示坏事发生次数太多） ⑰criticism /ˈkrɪtɪsɪz（ə）m/ n.[U, C]批评，指责 词链 criticise （ vt.& vi.批评）—critical （adj.批判性的）—criticism （n.）—critic （n.[C]批评家） 构词法 -ism为名词后缀，表示"……行为（或结果）；……状态（或品质）"等。由 它构成的词还有realism（n.[U]现实主义）、heroism（n.[U]英勇）等。 ⑱struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事 ⑲manuscript /ˈmænjʊskrɪpt/ n.[C]手稿，底稿 ⑳语用 当work on中的 on是介词时，该短语表示"从事于"或"对……有作用"，可视 具体语境翻译。如work on a novel 写小说；work on me 对我起效。当on是副词时， 该短语表示"继续工作"。 ㉑best-seller /ˌbestˈselə/ n.[C] 畅销书，畅销产品 ㉒overall adj.全面的，综合的 ㉓go to sb.由某人得到，被授予某人 ㉔in print 已刊印，已出版 拓展 get into print 被出版，被发表 out of print 绝版，不再印行 ㉕then 熟词生义 adj.当时（任职等）的 ㉖under prep.熟词生义 用，以（某一名字） ㉗classic /ˈklæsɪk/ n.[C] 名著；经典作品 ㉘endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n.[U]（忍）耐力 ㉙一词多义 ㉚means n.[C]方式，方法（单复数同形） ㉛end n.[C] 熟词生义 目标 ㉜guarantee /ˌɡærənˈti:/ vt.保证；确保 ㉝a touch of 有一点…… touch 熟词生义n.[C, usually sing.]一点儿，少许 ㉞be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事 delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ adj.愉快的，高兴的 课文语篇结构 【答案】1.rejections 2.translated 3.male 4.Summary 5.（the） key to 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Everyone knows that success 　1　 (rare) happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have faced rejection before.   When J.K. Rowling received her first rejection letter from a publisher, she 　2　(stick) it on her kitchen wall. After 　3　 total of twelve rejections, she made it. As we know, Harry Potter became a 　4　(globe) success. The second example is J.D. Salinger. He started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works 　5　(publish). Despite rejections from several publishers, he refused to give up. Even when 　6　(serve) in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried a novel 　7　 him and worked on it throughout his war service. His perseverance brought him success. The third example is three sisters, Charlotte Brontё, Emily Brontё, and Anne Brontё. There was a time 　8　 women were not encouraged to become writers, so they had to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two 　9　(copy), the sisters still didn’t give up. They also succeeded depending on perseverance.  In a word, talent alone isn’t enough 　10　 (guarantee) success. Perseverance is the key to success.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  1.【答案】rarely　 【解析】考查副词。句意:大家都明白,成功很少是一蹴而就的;但也许很多人都不知道,许多非常成功的作家在之前也都曾被拒稿。本空修饰动词happens,故应用副词形式。 2.【答案】stuck　 【解析】考查时态。句意:当J.K.罗琳收到出版商的第一封拒稿信时,她把它贴在厨房的墙上。根据从句谓语动词received可知,本句描述的事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。 3.【答案】a　考查冠词。a total of意为“总共”。 4.【答案】global　 【解析】考查形容词。本空修饰名词success,故应用形容词global。 5.【答案】published　 【解析】考查过去分词。句意:他在高中就开始写短篇小说了,但之后他的作品却难以发表。本句中“get his works 　5　(publish)”为“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词publish和宾语his works之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。   6.【答案】serving　 【解析】考查现在分词。句意:即使是第二次世界大战期间在美国军队服役时,他也随身携带一部小说,并在整个战争服役期间都致力于这部小说。分析句子可知,设空处所在的部分为when引导的时间状语从句的省略,serve与he之间是主动关系,故此处应用现在分词serving。 7.【答案】with　 【解析】考查介词。carry sth. with sb.意为“某人随身携带某物”。 8.【答案】when　 【解析】考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为名词a time,此处表示“曾经有一段时间,女性不被鼓励成为作家”,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a time,并在从句中作时间状语,故应用关系副词when。 9.【答案】copies　 【解析】考查名词复数。copy意为“(书、报纸等的)一本”时为可数名词,根据空前数词two可知,本空应用名词复数形式。 10.【答案】to guarantee　 【解析】考查不定式。句意:总之,仅凭天赋是不足以保证成功的。be enough to do sth.意为“足以做某事”。 二.单句语法填空 1.It is essential for the employer to inform his employees 　　　　　 any change in work schedules or shifts.  2.The 　　　　　(reject) from the publishing house left him in a bad mood, he doubting his writing ability.  3.After competing with strong players from other countries, Sun is 　　　　　(delight) to see that table tennis has a bright future.  4.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 　　　　　 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting more next time.  5.What impressed me most was her 　　　　　(endure) and patience in the face of setbacks and challenges.  6.After receiving the 　　　　　(criticise) from his boss, he couldn􀆳t help but wear a long face.  7.We guarantee 　　　　　(treat) all our customers equally, and provide our customers with the same service standard.  1.【答案】of/about　 【解析】考查介词。inform sb. of/about sth.意为“通知/告知某人某事”,故本空应用介词of或about。 2.【答案】rejection　 【解析】考查名词。根据空前定冠词The可知,本空应用名词rejection作句子主语,意为“拒绝”。 3.【答案】delighted　 【解析】考查形容词。本空在句中作表语,且句子主语为Sun,指人,故本空应用形容词delighted,意为“愉快的,高兴的”。be delighted to do sth.意为“很高兴做某事”。 4.【答案】rarely　 【解析】考查副词。句意:不过,无论我在哪里买小笼包,一蒸笼很少会够,但两蒸笼就显得贪心,所以我总是想下次再买更多。本空修饰形容词enough,故应用副词rarely作状语,意为“很少,罕有”。 5.【答案】endurance　 【解析】考查名词。句意:给我印象最深的是她面对挫折和挑战时的忍耐力和耐心。设空处与and后的名词patience并列,应用名词endurance,意为“忍耐力”。 6.【答案】criticism　 【解析】考查名词。句意:在受到老板的批评后,他忍不住愁眉苦脸起来。本空作动词receiving的宾语,空前有定冠词the,故应用名词criticism,意为“批评”。 7.【答案】to treat　 【解析】考查不定式。句意:我们保证对所有客户一视同仁,为我们的客户提供同样的服务标准。guarantee to do sth.意为“保证做某事”,故本空应用不定式作宾语。 三.选词填空(其中有一项多余) have something in common with; turn down; survive on; along with; dream of; all too often There are many ambitious individuals who 1.　　　　　　 making a significant impact on their chosen fields. They often 2.　　　　　　each other in terms of their passion and determination. However, on their journey, their proposals or applications may be 3.　　　　　　by various institutions or companies. Despite having to 4.　　　　　　limited money sometimes, they seldom give up. 5.　　　　　　, it’s precisely this unwavering spirit that finally leads them to achieve their dreams.  【答案】1.dream of　2.have something in common with 3.turned down　4.survive on　5.All too often 四.完成句子 1.我很遗憾地通知您,您不能胜任这份工作。(regret,inform) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 that you are not qualified for the job.  2.这个小男孩直到被他的妈妈抱起并紧紧地抱住才停止哭泣。(not...until) The little boy 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 his mother picked him up and hugged him tightly. (读后续写—动作描写)  3.He tried to start the car repeatedly,and his heart sank when the engine just wouldn’t start.(句式升级:独立主格结构) →He tried to start the car repeatedly, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when the engine just wouldn’t start.  【答案】1.I regret to inform you　2.didn’t stop crying until　3.his heart sinking 考点二 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读2 Developing ideas 原文呈现 1.Look at the charts and answer the questions.Percentage ① of adults with a disability in the US People with a disability People without a disability Mobility ② Cognition ③ Vision ④ Percentage of adults with common functional disability ⑤ 1.Are the numbers different from what you expected? In what way? 2.What special assistance can people with disabilities make use of in their daily lives? Three Days to See 1 I have often thought it would be a blessing ⑥ if each human being were stricken ⑦ blind anddeaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.【1】Darkness would make him more appreciative of ⑧ sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 2 Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently, I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed（此处为ask sb. sth.的用法，其中who引导的定语从句修饰a friend，what引导的宾语从句作asked的直接宾语。）. "Nothing in particular," she replied. 3 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note ⑨ ?（it是形式主语，to walk…of note是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。"I asked myself" 作插入语。） I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere ⑩ touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be revealed ⑪ by sight?（本句表达了作者想要亲自用眼睛观察世界的强烈感情。 ）And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say ⑫ for just three days. 4 On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness ⑬ and companionship ⑭ have made my life worth living.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that "window of the soul", the eye.【2】I can only "see" through my fingertips ⑮ the outline ⑯ of a face. I should like to see the books which have been read to me, and which have revealed to me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my eyes on ⑰ the beauties of the world of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep. 5 On my second day, I should like to see the pageant of ⑱ man’s progress, and I should go to the museums. I should try to probe into ⑲ the soul of man through his art.The things I knew through touch I should now see. The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies.（此处两句话分别把see的宾语the things I knew through touch和spend的宾语the evening of my second day提到句首，以示强调。其中"I knew through touch"为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰the things。） 6 The following morning, I should again greet the dawn ⑳ , anxious to discover new delights, new revelations of beauty（形容词短语作伴随状语，表示主语的状态。）.Today I shall spend in the workaday ㉑ world, amid ㉒ the haunts ㉓ of men going about ㉔ the business of life. 7 At midnight permanent ㉕ night would close in ㉖ on me again.Only when darkness had again descended ㉗ upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.【3】 8 I who am blind can give one hint ㉘ to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind（as if引导的方式状语从句，表示对将来情况的假设，使用虚拟语气，从句谓语用would be。）.And the same method can be applied to the other senses. Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty ㉙ strains of ㉚ an orchestra ㉛ , as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense ㉜ would fail ㉝.Smell the perfume ㉞ of flowers, taste with relish ㉟ each morsel ㊱ , as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful.（ of all…表示"在所有……中"，常与最高级连用。） （Excerpts from "Three Days to See" by Helen Keller） 假如给我三天光明 1 我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都失明、失聪一段时间，这或许是一件幸事。黑暗会让他更加珍惜视力，而寂静会教他领略声音的乐趣。 2 我时不时地测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在树林里散步了许久刚回来的朋友看到了什么。"没什么特别的。"她回答道。 3 我问自己，在树林里漫步一个小时，怎么可能没有看到什么值得注意的东西呢？我一个看不见的人，仅凭触摸就能发现许多令我感兴趣的东西。如果我从触摸中就能获得如此多的乐趣，那么视觉能展现多少美好的东西啊。并且我想象过，如果我能恢复视力，哪怕只有三天，我最想看到的是什么。 4 第一天，我要见见那些用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生活变得有价值的人。我不知道透过"心灵之窗"——眼睛，来看透一个朋友的内心是怎样的感受。我只能通过我的指尖"看"到一张面孔的轮廓。我想看看别人为我读过的、为我揭示了人生及人类精神的深刻奥秘的那些书。下午我要去树林里漫步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景之中。这天晚上，我将无法入睡。 5 第二天，我要看看人类发展的缤纷场景，我要去博物馆。我要通过艺术来探究人的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸了解的东西，我现在要亲眼看一看。这天晚上，我要在剧院或电影院里度过。 6 第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探寻新的乐事，发现更多美好。这天我将在平凡世界中度过，到那些为生活奔忙的人们常去的地方。 7 到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才会意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。 8 我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一点提示：使用你的眼睛吧，就像你明天就要失明一样。其他感官也同样适用该方法。去听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的鸣唱、管弦乐队铿锵的旋律，就像你明天就要失聪一样。触摸你想触摸的每一个物体，就像你明天就要失去触觉一样。闻闻花香，津津有味地品尝每一口食物，仿佛你明天即将失去嗅觉和味觉一样。不过，我相信，在所有感官中，最令人开心的一定是视觉。 （节选自海伦·凯勒《假如给我三天光明》） 课文重点词汇 ①percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/ n.[C]百分比，百分率（用于更笼统地表示某数量中的一部分） 辨析 percent（=per cent） n.[C]百分之……（仅用在数字之后） ②mobility /məʊˈbɪləti/ n.[U]移动的能力 mobile adj.行动方便; 可移动的 n.[C]手机（=mobile phone） ③cognition /kɒɡˈnɪʃn/ n.[U]认知，感知，认识 ④vision /ˈvɪʒn/ n.[U]视力 ⑤common functional disability 常见功能障碍 functional /ˈfʌŋkʃənl/ adj.功能的，机能的；实用的 ⑥blessing /ˈblesɪŋ/ n.[C] 幸事，幸运 ⑦strike vt.熟词生义 顿时使处于某状态 be stricken blind/deaf一时什么也看不见/听不见 ⑧（be） appreciative of sth.感激某事，感谢某事 appreciative /əˈpri:ʃətɪv/ adj.感激的，感谢的 ⑨worthy of note 值得注意的（=noteworthy） worthy /ˈwɜ:ð i/ adj.值得……的；值得尊敬的，值得赞赏的 ⑩mere /mɪə/ adj.仅仅，只不过 ⑪reveal /rɪˈvi:l/ vt.展现；揭示，透露 搭配 reveal sth.to sb.向某人揭示/透露某事 派生词 revelation /ˌrevəˈleɪʃn/ n.[C]出乎意料的好东西（乐趣，用处）；被揭露的真相，被曝光的内幕；[U]披露，揭露 ⑫say vt.熟词生义 比方说；假设 ⑬gentleness /ˈdʒentlnəs/ n.[U]和蔼，温和 词链 gentle（adj.温柔的; 温和的）—gently（adv.温柔地）—gentleness（n.） ⑭companionship /kəmˈpænjənʃɪp/ n.[U]友谊；友好交往 companion n.[C]旅伴，陪伴；同伴 ⑮fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡəˌtɪp/ n.[C]指尖 ⑯outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ n.[C,U]外形，轮廓；概述 vt.概述；显示……的轮廓 ⑰intoxicate one’s eyes on sth. 使某人的眼睛陶醉于某物 intoxicate /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/ vt.使兴奋，使陶醉 ⑱the pageant of （历史事件的）缤纷场景 pageant /ˈpædʒ（ə）nt/ n.[C] 再现历史场景的娱乐活动；盛大的（露天）演出 ⑲probe into 探究，追问 probe /prəʊb/ vt.& vi.调查；探究,追问 n.[C]探究；空间探测器 ⑳dawn /dɔ:n/ n.[C,U]黎明，破晓 搭配 at dawn 在拂晓 from dawn till dusk 从早到晚 ㉑workaday /ˈwɜ:kədeɪ/ adj.平凡的；平淡的 ㉒amid /əˈmɪd/ prep. 在……之中；四周是 ㉓haunt /hɔ:nt/ n.[C]（某人）常去的地方 ㉔go about sth. 忙于某事,继续做某事 ㉕permanent /ˈpɜ:mənənt/ adj.长久的；永久的 反义 temporary adj.短暂的，临时的，暂时的 ㉖close in 包围，逼近（常与on连用）；（夜色）加浓，（夜幕）降临 ㉗descend /dɪˈsend/ vi.（夜晚、黑暗、情绪等）降临；来临 搭配 descend on/upon 降临 ㉘hint /hɪnt/ n.[C]暗示；征兆 vi.& vt.暗示 give/drop a hint 给一点暗示 ㉙mighty /ˈmaɪti/ adj.强有力的;雄伟的；非凡的 adv.非常，极其 ㉚strains of 音乐的曲调或旋律 ㉛orchestra /ˈɔ:kɪstrə/ n.[C]（大型的）管弦乐队 ㉜tactile sense 触觉 tactile /ˈtæktaɪl/ adj.触觉的 ㉝fail vi. 熟词生义 （机件或人体器官）失灵，丧失功能 ㉞perfume /ˈpɜ:fju:m/ n.[C,U] 香味，芳香；香水 ㉟with relish 津津有味地 relish /ˈrelɪʃ/ n.[U]享受，乐趣 ㊱morsel /ˈmɔ:s（ə）l/ n.[C]（尤指食物的）一小片，一小块 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 In 1933, Helen Keller􀆳s book Three Days to See 　1　(publish), in which she imagined 　2　 she should most like to see if she were given the use of her eyes, say for just three days.   On the first day, she should most like to see the people whose kindness, 　3　(gentle) and companionship have made her life worth 　4　(live). She should see the 　5　 (book) which have been read to her, and which have revealed to her the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon, she should take 　6　 long walk in the woods, appreciating the beauties of the natural world. On her second day, she should like to go to the museums, trying to probe 　7　 the soul of man through his art. She should spend the evening at a theater or at the movies. On the third day, she should again 　8　(eager) greet the dawn, anxious 　9　(discover) new delights and beauty. She should spend the day in the workaday world, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life. At midnight, permanent night would close in on her and only then did she realize how much she 　10　(leave) unseen.   1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  1.【答案】was published　 【解析】考查时态及语态。句意:1933年,海伦·凯勒的书《假如给我三天光明》出版,她在书中想象如果她能被恩赐恢复视觉,哪怕只有三天,她最希望看到什么。根据时间状语In 1933可知,本空应用一般过去时;且主语book和动词publish之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。 2.【答案】what　 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意参考上题。本空引导宾语从句,作动词imagined的宾语,本空在从句中作see的宾语,表示“她最希望看到的东西”,故应用what。 3.【答案】gentleness　 【解析】考查名词。句意:第一天,她最想见那些人,他们的善良、温柔和陪伴使她生活得有意义。根据空前名词kindness和and后的名词companionship可知,本空应用名词形式。 4.【答案】living　 【解析】考查动名词。句意参考上题。sth. be worth doing 意为“某事值得被做”,故本空应用动名词形式。 5.【答案】books　 【解析】考查名词复数。句意:她还要看书,那些别人给她读过的书,那些为她揭示了人生和人类精神的最深刻的奥秘的书。空后的which引导定语从句,修饰设空处,根据从句的谓语动词have been read可知,本空应用名词复数。 6.【答案】a　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:下午她要在树林中走很长一段路,欣赏自然世界的美景。take a walk意为“散步”。 7.【答案】into　 【解析】考查介词。句意:第二天,她要去博物馆,试着通过人类的艺术探究人类的灵魂。probe into 意为“探究”。 8.【答案】eagerly　 【解析】考查副词。句意:第三天,她将再次急切地迎接黎明,渴望发现新的乐事和美。本空修饰动词greet,故应用副词。 9.【答案】to discover　 【解析】考查不定式。句意参考上题。be anxious to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式。 10.【答案】had left　 【解析】考查时态。句意:午夜,永恒的黑暗将逼近她。只有在那时,她才意识到她还有那么多东西没有看到。根据句意可知,本空表示的动作发生在过去的动作之前,故应用过去完成时。 二.单句语法填空 1.The teacher said nothing, 　　　　　 (mere) smiled and watched her.   2.When a person feels 　　　　　(embarrass) or ashamed, he will lower his head, staring at the ground.   3.The trip to the countryside was 　　　　　, and we were 　　　　　to experience the simple and peaceful rural life there. (delight)  4.She treated the baby with such 　　　　　that everyone around was touched, and she 　　　　　rocked the baby sleeping in her arms. (gentle)  5.I cannot express enough how 　　　　　(appreciate) I am of your support and encouragement during the difficult time in my life.  6.Mozart, who is considered to be one of the most talented composers of all time, is truly worthy 　　　　　 the fame he earned.  7.The clown, 　　　　　 constant jokes always make the audience grin from ear to ear, is a knowledgeable man.  1.【答案】merely　 【解析】考查副词。句意:老师什么也没说,仅仅微笑着看着她。本空修饰动词smiled,应用副词作状语。故填merely。 2.【答案】embarrassed　 【解析】考查形容词。句意:当一个人感到尴尬或羞愧时,他会低下头,盯着地面看。本空在句中作表语,且主语为指人的名词a person,故本空应用形容词embarrassed,意为“尴尬的,难堪的”。 3.【答案】delightful;delighted　 【解析】考查形容词。句意:去乡村的旅行很愉快,我们很高兴能体验那里简单而宁静的乡村生活。这两个空都作表语,均应用形容词。第一空主语为表示物的名词The trip,故应用形容词delightful,意为“令人愉快的”;第二空的主语为表示人的代词we,故应用形容词delighted,意为“愉快的,高兴的”。 4.【答案】gentleness;gently　 【解析】考查名词和副词。句意:她对待宝宝如此温柔,周围的每个人都被打动了,而且她轻轻地摇晃着臂弯中正睡着的宝宝。第一空前有介词with,因此第一空应用名词形式,故填gentleness;第二空修饰动词rocked,应用副词形式,故填gently。 5.【答案】appreciative　 【解析】考查形容词。句意:言语不足以表达出我对你在我人生困难时期的支持和鼓励的感激。本空作表语,根据空前的how可知,本空应用形容词appreciative,意为“感激的”。 6.【答案】of　 【解析】考查介词。句意:莫扎特被认为是有史以来最有才华的作曲家之一,他确实配得上他所获得的名声。be worthy of意为“值得……的”,故本空应用介词of。 7.【答案】whose　 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这个小丑是一个知识渊博的人,他不断的笑话总是让观众笑得合不拢嘴。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词clown,且在从句中作定语,修饰名词jokes,故应用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句。 三.完成句子 1.如果我们专注于自我提升,而不是将自己与他人进行比较,我们将体验到真正的个人成长。 If we were to focus on self-improvement instead of comparing ourselves to others, we　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 2.We can find inner peace and happiness only when we learn to forgive.(句式升级:部分倒装) →Only when we learn to forgive 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.If you believe in yourself, you will accomplish great things.(句型转换:“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”句型) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】1.would experience true personal growth　2.can we find inner peace and happiness　3.Believe in yourself, and you will accomplish great things. 考点三 课文知识解析 1.debt n．债务，欠款 (教材P13)　When the funds are low and the debts are high，...当资金少而债务多的时候，…… He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him.他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。 [知识拓展] in debt 负债(状态) be in heavy debt 负债累累 be out of debt 不欠债(状态) go/get/run into debt 负债(动作) pay off all the debts 还清债务(动作) be in sb.'s debt＝be in debt to sb.欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人 2. pace n．速度；进度；步速；节奏 (教材P13)　Don't give up though the pace seems slow...尽管进度似乎很慢，但不要放弃…… I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country.我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。 [知识拓展] at one's own pace 以某人自己的速度 keep pace with 跟上，(与……)并驾齐驱；(与……)步调一致 set the pace 定步速；起带头作用 the pace of life 生活节奏 pace up and down 来回踱步 3.　“We regret to inform you...”“我们很遗憾地通知你……” (1)regret v．& n．遗憾；懊悔 “I regret to inform Canberrans that we have our first case of COVID­19 in the territory，”Barr said at a press conference. 巴尔在新闻发布会上说：“我很遗憾地通知Canberrans，我们在该地区发现了第一例新型冠状病毒肺炎感染者。” [知识拓展] regret to do sth. 对要做的某事感到遗憾(to do的具体形式通 常是inform、say、tell的不定式) regret doing/having done sth. 后悔做过某事(已经做了) regret＋that从句 很遗憾…… (much) to one's regret 令人(非常)遗憾的是 with regret 遗憾地 express regret at/about/for 对……表示遗憾 (2)inform v．通知，告知 If you threaten me or use any force，I shall inform the police.你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。 [知识拓展] (1)inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 inform sb. that... 告知某人…… (2)informed adj. 了解情况的；有见识的；有学问的 keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事；随时报告某人某事 (3)information n. 信息(不可数) 4.rarely adv.很少，难得 (教材P14)　Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight...每个人都知道成功很少在一夜之间发生…… I often deal with customers on the phone and rarely meet them face­to­face.我经常用电话和客户打交道，很少和他们见面。 [知识拓展] rare adj. 稀少的，稀罕的；珍贵的 it is rare (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)难得做某事，(某人)很少做某事 [名师点津] rarely是具有否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子往往要部分倒装，即把句中的助动词、系动词等移至主语之前，有类似用法的词还有never、little、seldom、hardly、nor 等。 5.have sth. in common (with sb. or sth.)与……有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处 (教材P14)　When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers... 当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点…… We are attracted by each other，because we have something in common.我们惺惺相惜，是因为我们有共同之处。 [知识拓展] have nothing in common 无共同之处 have little in common 几乎无共同之处 have a lot in common 有许多共同之处 in common with 和……一样；和……有共同之处 6.turn down调小(声音等)；拒绝 (教材P14)　I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down...在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃…… She could not bear the endless music and turned down the volume.她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。 [知识拓展] turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高(音量、热量等) turn around/round 转身 turn out 证明是；结果是 turn to 转向；求助于 turn over 翻转；移交 turn on/off 打开/关闭(开关) 7.guarantee v．保证；确保；保障n.保证；保证书 (教材P15)　So，it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success.所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。 I guarantee that if you take this medicine，you'll soon get well.我保证你吃了这药很快就会好。 A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality. 公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。 [知识拓展] (1)guarantee sb. sth.(＝ensure sb. sth.)保证某人得到某物 guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事 guarantee＋that从句 确保…… guarantee sth. for some time 对……保修多久 (2)give sb. a guarantee＋that从句向某人保证…… under guarantee 在保修期内 8.delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的 (教材P15)　We are delighted to inform you...我们很高兴地通知你…… I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my heart's content.我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。 [知识拓展] (1)be delighted at/by... 由于……而高兴 be delighted with... 对……感到高兴/满意 be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事 be delighted＋that从句 很高兴…… (2)delight v. (使)愉快n. 高兴/快乐的事 to one's delight 令某人高兴的是…… (3)delightful adj. 令人快乐的，讨人喜欢的 9.“have sth. done”结构 (教材P14)　Emily Brontë had to pay to have her poetry published． 艾米莉·勃朗特不得不花钱出版她的诗集。 句式分析：“have sth. done”结构，意为“使某事被做”。publish与her poetry 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 You should understand the traffic rule by now.We've had it explained enough to you.到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了吧，我们已经给你解释得够多了。 [知识拓展] (1)“have sth. done”结构中，have为使役动词，意为“使，让”。“have sth. done”结构可表示三种含义： a．(主语) 请/派别人完成某事。 b．(主语)完成某事。 c．(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况。 (2)have sb. do sth.让某人做某事。宾语sb.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3)have sb./sth. doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事，强调动作一直在持续。宾语sb./sth.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 10.It seems that... (教材P15)　So，it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. 所以，似乎光靠天赋并不足以保证成功。 句式分析：“It seems＋that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。 It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.在我看来，布朗先生不会再来了。 [知识拓展] 除了“It seems＋that从句”结构，seem还常用于下列句式： (1)“主语＋seem(s)＋(to be )＋表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。 (2)“主语＋seem(s)＋不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 (3)“There＋seem(s) to be＋名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式确定。 11.祈使句＋连词＋陈述句 (教材P15)　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你……” 句式分析：本句是“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句式，其中祈使句表示条件。 Come early，and you'll see Zhong Nanshan.早点来，你会见到钟南山的。 [知识拓展] “祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句型的具体形式： (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句 (2)祈使句＋or (else)/otherwise＋陈述句 注意：(1)中还有以下两种变化形式： ①祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句 ②名词词组(通常含有more、another、further等词)＋and＋陈述句 完成句子/同义句转换 ①Try some of this juice— (也许你会喜欢的)． ②Hurry up， (否则你会又迟到的)． ③Work hard and you will make progress. → ，you'll make progress. ④Let's keep to the point，or we will never reach any decisions. → ，we will never reach any decisions. ⑤One more week，and we will accomplish the task. → ，and we will accomplish the task. → ，we will accomplish the task. 【答案】1.perhaps you'll like it2.or you'll be late again3.If you work hard4.Unless we keep to the point/If we don't keep to the point5.Give us one more week,If we have one more week/If you give us one more week 一．语法填空 A (2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔期中联考) By the time she turned 18, Liz 　1　(attend) a total of twelve schools. She had lived in shelters or parks, but never in a permanent residence(住所) for more than a few months. 　2　(laugh) at by the students, she felt quite embarrassed. She often wondered when she would change 　3　 situation. Her teachers always told the students that Liz should not 　4　(make) fun of.  Homeless since early childhood, Liz struggled 　5　(hide) her circumstances from teachers and fellow students. However, learning proved to be a way for her to find confidence in 　6　(her) again. Concentrating on her study was essentially important to her. She had a strong belief that she could do 　7　(well) than others.  By the second year of high school, she talked to her teachers, who helped her apply 　8　 scholarships. And in 11th grade, when she enrolled(登记入学) in Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her school career there, 　9　 meant that she had to take a bus each morning at 4 a.m. and could not get home until 11 p.m.  Her 　10　(persevere) and hard work paid off. She was accepted into Harvard University. Her success is a combination of hard work and intelligence. Liz is worthy of being appreciated by all.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　  6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自幼无家可归的Liz辗转多所学校,饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视,最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.a total of总共,总计　2.make fun of取笑,嘲弄　3.circumstances n.境况,境遇　4.concentrate on 集中精力于,专心于　5.belief n.信念,信心 6.pay off成功　7.be worthy of值得 1.【答案】had attended　 【解析】考查时态。句意:到18岁的时候,Liz已经总共在12所学校上过学。根据时间状语从句By the time she turned 18可知,主句动作截止到过去的时间,故应用过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”。故填had attended。 2.【答案】Laughed　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到学生们的嘲笑,她感到非常尴尬。设空处作状语,动词laugh与句子主语she之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。位于句首,单词的首字母需要大写,故填Laughed。 3.【答案】the　 【解析】考查冠词。句意:她常常在想,什么时候才能改变这种状况。根据语境可知,空后的situation在此处表示特指,故本空应用定冠词the。 4.【答案】be made　 【解析】考查被动语态。句意:她的老师总是告诉学生不应该取笑Liz。根据句意可知,从句的主语Liz和make fun of之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态。故填be made。 5.【答案】to hide　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:Liz从小就无家可归,她努力向老师们和同学们隐瞒自己的处境。struggle to do sth.意为“努力做某事”,故本空应用不定式作宾语。故填to hide。 6.【答案】herself　 【解析】考查代词。句意:然而,事实证明,学习是她重新找回她自己的信心的一种方式。设空处表示“她自己”,应用反身代词herself。 7.【答案】better　 【解析】考查比较级。句意:她坚信自己能比别人做得更好。根据空后than可知,本空应用副词的比较级形式。故填better。 8.【答案】for　 【解析】考查介词。句意:到了高中的第二年,她与老师交谈,老师帮助她申请了奖学金。apply for sth.意为“申请某物”,故本空应用介词for。 9.【答案】which　 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:11年级时,她进入杰斐逊高中,她决定在那里完成她余下的学业,这意味着她必须每天早上4点去坐公共汽车,直到晚上11点才能回家。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前面的句子结构完整,空后句子缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。本空指代整个主句,故应填关系代词which。 10.【答案】perseverance　 【解析】考查名词。句意:她的坚持不懈和努力学习得到了回报。根据空前形容词性物主代词Her可知,本空应用名词perseverance,意为“坚持不懈” B (2025河北保定六校期中联考) Benjamin Lou is a computer scientist and advocate who was born with a rare genetic disorder called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the muscles 　1　(use) for moving the body. At the age of one, he became completely paralyzed(瘫痪的)from the chest down, making 　2　difficult for him to breathe, feed himself, or move around without assistance. Despite these challenges, Benjamin beat the odds and entered Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 　3　 he earned a degree in computer science and artificial intelligence. Nevertheless, the road was not easy. Benjamin had to persevere through countless 　4　 (difficulty) during his studies. His endurance in the face of various hardships was 　5　(true) remarkable.   By now, Benjamin 　6　(become) an inspirational figure for individuals with disabilities, using his experiences to raise 　7　 (aware) of the importance of accessibility to technology and advocating policies that make digital tools more usable for people with disabilities. He has also worked 　8　 developing assistive technologies, such as a voice-controlled computer interface that can be used by people with limited mobility.   In addition to his work in technology, Benjamin is a passionate advocate for disability rights,　9　(use) his platform to challenge stereotypes and promote understanding of living with disabilities. Through his writing and speaking engagements, he hopes to encourage others　10　 (accept) their differences and work towards creating a more inclusive society for all.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出生时患有罕见病的励志少年Benjamin Lou克服各种困难进入麻省理工学院,成为一名计算机科学家,他还是残疾人权利的倡导者。 【高频词汇】　1.be born with 生来就有　2.assistance n.帮助　3.odds n.不利条件,逆境　4.hardship n.困苦,艰难　5.inspirational adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的 6.figure n.人物　7.accessibility n.可达性;可(易)接近性　8.passionate adj.热情的,热诚的 1.【答案】used　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:Benjamin Lou是一名计算机科学家和倡导者,他出生时患有一种罕见的遗传性疾病,称为脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA),这种疾病会影响用于移动身体的肌肉。分析句子可知,句中which引导非限制性定语从句,从句中已有谓语affects,故设空处应用非谓语动词。本空作定语,动词use和被修饰名词muscles之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。 2.【答案】it　 【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意:一岁时,他从胸部以下完全瘫痪,这使他难以呼吸、进食或在没有帮助的情况下四处移动。分析句子可知,此处应用it作形式宾语,构成“make it +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”结构,不定式短语“to breathe, feed himself, or move around without assistance”作真正的宾语。 3.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:尽管面临这些挑战,Benjamin还是战胜了困难,进入了麻省理工学院,在那里他获得了计算机科学与人工智能学位。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Massachusetts Institute of Technology(表地点),本空在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。 4.【答案】difficulties　 【解析】考查名词复数。根据空前形容词countless(无数的)可知,本空应用名词复数形式。故填difficulties。 5.【答案】truly　 【解析】考查副词。本空修饰形容词remarkable,故应用副词truly作状语。 6.【答案】has become　 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为主句的谓语,根据时间状语By now可知,本空应用现在完成时,主语Benjamin为第三人称单数,故填has become。 7.【答案】awareness　 【解析】考查名词。本空作动词raise的宾语,应用名词形式。raise awareness of...意为“提高对……的意识”。 8.【答案】on/at　 【解析】考查介词。句意:他还致力于开发辅助技术,例如可以为行动不便的人所用的语音控制计算机界面。work on/at doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”,故本空应用介词on或at。 9.【答案】using　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句已有系动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词。本空作状语,动词use和其逻辑主语Benjamin之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填using。 10.【答案】to accept　 【解析】考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”,因此本空应用动词不定式形式。故填to accept。 二．阅读理解 A (2025广东深圳期中) Just being smart doesn’t guarantee someone will be successful. And just being less smart doesn’t mean that the person will fail. That’s one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth. She works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other researchers, Duckworth wondered what makes one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality(品质)independent of smarts. They had what she now calls perseverance. Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. In one study of people aged 25 and above, she found that as people age, they become more likely to stick with a project. She also found that perseverance increases with education. People who had finished college scored higher in the perseverance test than people who quit before graduation did. People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how smarts and perseverance influenced performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which test IQ, to school grades and someone’s score in the perseverance test. Students with higher grades seem to have more perseverance. That’s not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people counter that this perseverance means success. Among those people is Marcus Credé, a teacher at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently showed the results of 88 studies on perseverance. Together, nearly 67,000 people took part in these studies. And perseverance did not predict success, Credé found. Nevertheless, he thinks perseverance is very similar to someone’s ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. It’s a basic personality quality, Credé notes—not something that can be changed. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected with school grades than perseverance,” Credé says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,” he adds. “I’m not sure we can do that with perseverance.” 1.What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A.Smart people may not succeed.　 B.Success has nothing to do with smarts. C.Perseverance is a quality dependent on smarts.　 D.Perseverance decides how smart one might be. 2.What might influence a person’s perseverance according to Angela Duckworth’s findings? A.Lifestyles.　 B.Family tradition.　 C.Education.　 D.Personality types. 3.What does the underlined word “counter” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Warn.　 B.Reply.　 C.Accept.　 D.Doubt. 4.What is Credé’s opinion about perseverance? A.It is strongly related to test anxiety.　 B.It can hardly be taught in school. C.It should be paid no attention to in teaching.　 D.It can’t influence students’ school grades. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了毅力与成功之间是否有联系。 【高频词汇】　1.(be) independent of 与……不相关/无关联的　2.stick with坚持　3.score v.得分　4.attendance n.出席;参加 【熟词生义】　note 熟义:n.笔记　生义:v.指出 1.【答案】A　 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Just being smart doesn’t guarantee someone will be successful.”可知,聪明的人未必会成功。故选A。 2.【答案】C　 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She also found that perseverance increases with education... People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher.”可知,Angela Duckworth发现,教育程度可以影响一个人的毅力,后者随着前者的提高而增加。故选C。 3.【答案】D　 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词上段中的“So she compared scores on college-entrance exams...Students with higher grades seem to have more perseverance.”可知,Angela Duckworth的研究发现毅力和成功有很大关系,再结合画线词前的But可知,此处有转折。由此推知,一些人反对毅力意味着成功这个观点,counter意思是“反对,质疑”,与doubt意思相近。故选D。 4.【答案】B　 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,he adds. ‘I’m not sure we can do that with perseverance.”可推知,在Credé看来,毅力这种品质很难在学校中被教授。故选B。 B (2024北京一零一中学期中) How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things rarely go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of complicated situations. Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 　1　 They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training, and being confident about your ability to face challenges.  　2　 When we learn to solve problems ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence and help us feel more independent and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 　3　 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.  When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Probe into where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 　4　 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.  And remember, if you have a complicated problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. 　5　  A.You also learn what you’re good at. B.Here is how you can be more resourceful. C.These may be practical things like pens and paper. D.No one is expected to solve all problems by himself. E.Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. F.They can be famous mottos that always inspire you to move on. G.Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法,要足智多谋,随机应变。 【高频词汇】　1.resourceful adj.足智多谋的,随机应变的　2.be born with与生俱来,天生就有　3.independent adj.独立的　4.stressed adj.焦虑不安的　5.boost v.推进;使增长　6.self-esteem n.自尊(心);自信　7.review v.回顾,反思 1.【答案】F　 【解析】根据空前句“Being resourceful means...at the time. (随机应变意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题,利用你当时拥有的任何资源。)”和空后句“They can also be...your own experience.(它们也可以是其他任何有用的东西,比如信息、建议或你自己的经历。)”中的also可知,本空和空后句为并列关系,列举可以利用的资源。F项(它们可能是著名的座右铭,总是激励你继续前进。)符合上下文语境。 2.【答案】E　 【解析】本空为段落中心句。根据后文“it can help to build our confidence and help us feel more independent and feel better about making decisions”可知,本段主要讲随机应变带来的好处。 E项(随机应变是一种在很多方面对你有好处的技能。)符合段意。 3.【答案】A　 【解析】根据上题可知,本段介绍了随机应变带来的好处。A项(你还能了解到你所擅长的是什么。)承接上文,并引出空后句“This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.(这可以增强自信心,也就是你对自己的感觉。)”。 4.【答案】G　 【解析】本段介绍遇到困难时,要专注于问题本身,并列出了具体的步骤。根据空前句“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.(接下来,想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题。)”可知,G项(权衡每一个方法的优点和缺点,选择最好的。)承接上文。G项中的each one指代上句中的solutions。 5.【答案】D　 【解析】根据空前句可知,遇到自己实在解决不了的问题时,可以求助其他人。D项(不能指望一个人靠自己解决所有问题。)与上文意义一致。 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 选择性必修第一册Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 课文讲解 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读1 课文重点词汇 课文结构 考点二 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读2 课文重点词汇 考点三 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文知识解析 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读1 Understanding ideas 原文呈现 1.Research these writers online and match them to the information. J.D.Salinger Emily Brontё J.K.Rowling 1. ____________ has the same birthday as his/her most famous character: 31 July. 2. ____________ may have written and hidden several unpublished ① works（"may have done"结构，意为"可能做了……"，表示对过去所发生的事情的猜测， 强调可能性。）. 3. ______________ had to pay to have his/her poetry published（"have sth. done"结构，意为"使某事被做", have此时为使役动词。 publish与宾语his/her poetry之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。）. Now share anything else you know about these writers with the class. 2.Read the passage and find out what problems the writers overcame②. Writers Problems they overcame J.K.Rowling She spent years surviving on little money and her first book received criticism from publishers and was rejected twelve times. J.D.Salinger He received criticism and rejections from publishers. Brontё sisters At that time, women were not encouraged to become writers. Their book of poems which they wrote under male names only sold two copies. We Regret to Inform ③ You… [标题赏析]作者把"We regret to inform you…"作为本文的标题和首句，把"We are delighted to inform you…"作为结尾句。首句和尾句在句式结构方面相同，虽然只有"regret"和"are delighted"几个单词的差别，意义却大相径庭，这也正是本文行文的妙趣之处。首句和尾句之间，作者描述了三个典型的"失败—坚持—成功"的事例，证明了如何把"We regret to inform you…"变为"We are delighted to inform you…"。 1 "We regret to inform you…" These are the words that every writer dreads ④ receiving, but words every writer knows well. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking ⑤ （由"名词+动词-ing"构成的独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。sinking一词生动描绘出作家看到拒稿信时低落的心情。） when they reach that final sentence. You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life’s work, yet still this is often not enough. Everyone knows that success rarely ⑥ happens overnight ⑦ , but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection ⑧ . 2 Take for example ⑨ J.K.Rowling.When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common ⑩ with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years surviving on ⑪ little money,（[赏析]此处描述 J.K.罗琳早年的创作生活，展现其经济窘迫却执着于写作的状态。）spending all her time writing.（动词-ing形式短语作状语。）When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of "too difficult for children", "too long","Children would not be interested in it".Nevertheless ⑫, she persevered ⑬ ."I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down ⑭ （[赏析]此处通过直接引用作家本人J.K.罗琳的话让读者直观地感受到她不放弃的坚定决心。）, but I often feared that would happen," she later posted. After a total of ⑮ twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages（with复合结构作状语，books与sell和translate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。）. 3 All too often ⑯ writers of great works have had to face criticism ⑰ along with rejection. J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to ⑱ get his works published（"使役动词get+宾语+宾补"结构，his works与publish之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故宾补用动词-ed形式。）."We feel that we don’t know the central character well enough" was the criticism he received on his manuscript ⑲ for The Catcher in the Rye.Despite rejections from several publishers, J.D.Salinger refused to give up. Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War（时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式是"when he was serving…Second World War"。因主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，故省略了从句的"主语+be"部分。）, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on ⑳ the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller ㉑ and went on to sell millions and millions of copies. 4 Perhaps the overall ㉒ prize for perseverance should go to ㉓ three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print ㉔ .This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.As the then ㉕ Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: "Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be."（[赏析]此处通过引用他人评价（当时桂冠诗人对勃朗特三姐妹的劝阻），侧面反映出女性作家在当时面临的困境。）Nevertheless, the sisters didn’t stop trying. Their response was to write a book of poems under ㉖ male names（动词不定式短语作表语，说明response的具体内容。）. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn’t give up. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre, Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey are regarded as classics ㉗ of world literature. In fact, it is within the pages of. .Jane Eyre. .that we can find these words（强调句型，强调地点状语within the pages of Jane Eyre。）: "I honour endurance ㉘, perseverance, industry ㉙ , talent; because these are the means ㉚ by which men achieve great ends（"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，修饰先行词means。） ㉛ 5 So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee ㉜ success（"It seems that…"句式，意为"似乎……"，可转化为"Sb./Sth. seems+动词不定式"句式。）.While a lot of hard work and a touch of ㉝ luck play a part（while表示"虽然"，引导让步状语从句。）, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words "We are delighted to ㉞ inform you…" 我们遗憾地通知您…… 1 "我们遗憾地通知您……"这是每个作家都害怕收到的话，但又为每个作家所熟知。出版商的答复回来了，作家急切地拆开来读，当他们读到这最后一句时，心随即跌落谷底。你可能花了数年，放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你的毕生作品，但这往往还不够。大家都知道成功很少突然降临，但也许没有多少人知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。 2 以J.K.罗琳为例。当她收到第一封回绝信时，她决定把这看作是自己现在和最喜欢的作家们有了共同之处，并把它贴在了厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有的时间都花在写作上。当她终于写完她的第一本书时，她收到的出版商的评价却是"对孩子们来说太难了""太长了""孩子们不会对它感兴趣"。尽管如此，她还是坚持了下来。"我不会放弃的，除非每一个出版商都拒绝我，但我经常担心那会发生，"她后来说道。在总共被拒绝了12次之后，终于有一位出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。正如我们所知，《哈利·波特》在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。 3 在被回绝的同时还要遭受批评，这在那些写出伟大作品的作家身上太普遍了。J.D.塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以发表。"我们觉得我们无法充分理解主角"，这是他《麦田里的守望者》的手稿受到的批评。尽管遭到多个出版商的拒绝，J.D.塞林格也从未放弃。甚至在第二次世界大战期间，他在美国陆军服役时，也随身带着《麦田里的守望者》的六章内容，并在整个战争服役期间致力于这部小说的修改。最终，这本书一经出版，便立即成了畅销书，卖出千百万册。 4 或许坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该给予英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹，她们梦想着看到自己的文字出版。然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞写给她们其中一位的信中所说："文学不可能也不应该成为女人一生的事业。"然而，三姐妹没有放弃尝试。她们的对策是用男性的名字出一本诗集。尽管这本诗集只卖出了两册，姐妹三人依旧没有放弃，她们开始写小说。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》都被认为是世界文学的经典作品。事实上，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的话："我崇尚忍耐、毅力、勤奋、天赋；因为依靠这些，人们能实现伟大的目标……" 5 所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证获得成功。虽然不懈的努力和少许的运气起一部分作用，但毅力才是关键。坚持下去，最终你会读到这些话"我们高兴地通知您……" 课文重点词汇 ①unpublished adj.未出版的 构词法 un-是常见的否定前缀，意为"不；未；非；反"，其他常见的否定前缀还有 in-、im-、il-、ir-、non-、dis-、mis-。 如complete→incomplete、possible→impossible、 pleasure→displeasure等。 ②overcome the problem/difficulty/fear/differences 解决问题/克服困难/克服恐惧/弥合 分歧 ③inform /ɪnˈfɔ:m/ vt.通知，告知 详见P053 ④dread /dred/ vt.畏惧，惧怕（相当于fear） 搭配 dread doing sth.害怕做某事 ⑤one’s heart sinks 某人心情沉重/情绪低落（用于表示失去信心或希望） ⑥rarely /ˈreəli/ adv.很少，难得 语用 rarely是具有否定意义的副词，常在句中作状语。当它位于句首时，句子往往 要部分倒装，即把句中的助动词、系动词等移至主语之前。用法类似的词还有never、 little、seldom、hardly、nor等。 ⑦overnight /ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt/ adv.突然，一下子,一夜之间 ⑧rejection /rɪˈdʒekʃ（ə）n/ n.[C,U]拒绝，否决 a rejection letter 回绝信 派生构词 reject（vt.拒绝接受,不予考虑）+-ion（名词后缀，表示"……行为，……状 态"）→rejection（n.） ⑨take…for example 以……为例 拓展 与example相关的其他短语： for example（=for instance） 例如 set an example （for/to sb.） （为某人）树立榜样 follow one’s example 以某人为榜样，仿效某人 ⑩have…in common 有……共同之处 详见P054 ⑪survive on 靠……生存 近义 live on 靠（……钱）生活 ⑫nevertheless /ˌnevəð əˈles/ adv.然而，不过 ⑬persevere /ˌpɜ:sɪˈvɪə/ vi.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 搭配 persevere in （doing） sth.坚持（做）某事 词链 persevere（vi.）—persevering（adj.坚韧不拔的，不屈不挠的）—perseverance （n.[U]毅力） ⑭turn sb./sth.down 拒绝（提议、建议或提议人） ⑮a total of 总计 ⑯all too often 有太多时候，太过频繁（表示坏事发生次数太多） ⑰criticism /ˈkrɪtɪsɪz（ə）m/ n.[U, C]批评，指责 词链 criticise （ vt.& vi.批评）—critical （adj.批判性的）—criticism （n.）—critic （n.[C]批评家） 构词法 -ism为名词后缀，表示"……行为（或结果）；……状态（或品质）"等。由 它构成的词还有realism（n.[U]现实主义）、heroism（n.[U]英勇）等。 ⑱struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事 ⑲manuscript /ˈmænjʊskrɪpt/ n.[C]手稿，底稿 ⑳语用 当work on中的 on是介词时，该短语表示"从事于"或"对……有作用"，可视 具体语境翻译。如work on a novel 写小说；work on me 对我起效。当on是副词时， 该短语表示"继续工作"。 ㉑best-seller /ˌbestˈselə/ n.[C] 畅销书，畅销产品 ㉒overall adj.全面的，综合的 ㉓go to sb.由某人得到，被授予某人 ㉔in print 已刊印，已出版 拓展 get into print 被出版，被发表 out of print 绝版，不再印行 ㉕then 熟词生义 adj.当时（任职等）的 ㉖under prep.熟词生义 用，以（某一名字） ㉗classic /ˈklæsɪk/ n.[C] 名著；经典作品 ㉘endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n.[U]（忍）耐力 ㉙一词多义 ㉚means n.[C]方式，方法（单复数同形） ㉛end n.[C] 熟词生义 目标 ㉜guarantee /ˌɡærənˈti:/ vt.保证；确保 ㉝a touch of 有一点…… touch 熟词生义n.[C, usually sing.]一点儿，少许 ㉞be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事 delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ adj.愉快的，高兴的 课文语篇结构 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 Everyone knows that success 　1　 (rare) happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have faced rejection before.   When J.K. Rowling received her first rejection letter from a publisher, she 　2　(stick) it on her kitchen wall. After 　3　 total of twelve rejections, she made it. As we know, Harry Potter became a 　4　(globe) success. The second example is J.D. Salinger. He started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works 　5　(publish). Despite rejections from several publishers, he refused to give up. Even when 　6　(serve) in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried a novel 　7　 him and worked on it throughout his war service. His perseverance brought him success. The third example is three sisters, Charlotte Brontё, Emily Brontё, and Anne Brontё. There was a time 　8　 women were not encouraged to become writers, so they had to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two 　9　(copy), the sisters still didn’t give up. They also succeeded depending on perseverance.  In a word, talent alone isn’t enough 　10　 (guarantee) success. Perseverance is the key to success.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二.单句语法填空 1.It is essential for the employer to inform his employees 　　　　　 any change in work schedules or shifts.  2.The 　　　　　(reject) from the publishing house left him in a bad mood, he doubting his writing ability.  3.After competing with strong players from other countries, Sun is 　　　　　(delight) to see that table tennis has a bright future.  4.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 　　　　　 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting more next time.  5.What impressed me most was her 　　　　　(endure) and patience in the face of setbacks and challenges.  6.After receiving the 　　　　　(criticise) from his boss, he couldn􀆳t help but wear a long face.  7.We guarantee 　　　　　(treat) all our customers equally, and provide our customers with the same service standard.  三.选词填空(其中有一项多余) have something in common with; turn down; survive on; along with; dream of; all too often There are many ambitious individuals who 1.　　　　　　 making a significant impact on their chosen fields. They often 2.　　　　　　each other in terms of their passion and determination. However, on their journey, their proposals or applications may be 3.　　　　　　by various institutions or companies. Despite having to 4.　　　　　　limited money sometimes, they seldom give up. 5.　　　　　　, it’s precisely this unwavering spirit that finally leads them to achieve their dreams.  四.完成句子 1.我很遗憾地通知您,您不能胜任这份工作。(regret,inform) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 that you are not qualified for the job.  2.这个小男孩直到被他的妈妈抱起并紧紧地抱住才停止哭泣。(not...until) The little boy 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 his mother picked him up and hugged him tightly. (读后续写—动作描写)  3.He tried to start the car repeatedly,and his heart sank when the engine just wouldn’t start.(句式升级:独立主格结构) →He tried to start the car repeatedly, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when the engine just wouldn’t start.  考点二 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards课文解读2 Developing ideas 原文呈现 1.Look at the charts and answer the questions.Percentage ① of adults with a disability in the US People with a disability People without a disability Mobility ② Cognition ③ Vision ④ Percentage of adults with common functional disability ⑤ 1.Are the numbers different from what you expected? In what way? 2.What special assistance can people with disabilities make use of in their daily lives? Three Days to See 1 I have often thought it would be a blessing ⑥ if each human being were stricken ⑦ blind anddeaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.【1】Darkness would make him more appreciative of ⑧ sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 2 Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently, I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed（此处为ask sb. sth.的用法，其中who引导的定语从句修饰a friend，what引导的宾语从句作asked的直接宾语。）. "Nothing in particular," she replied. 3 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note ⑨ ?（it是形式主语，to walk…of note是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。"I asked myself" 作插入语。） I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere ⑩ touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be revealed ⑪ by sight?（本句表达了作者想要亲自用眼睛观察世界的强烈感情。 ）And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say ⑫ for just three days. 4 On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness ⑬ and companionship ⑭ have made my life worth living.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that "window of the soul", the eye.【2】I can only "see" through my fingertips ⑮ the outline ⑯ of a face. I should like to see the books which have been read to me, and which have revealed to me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my eyes on ⑰ the beauties of the world of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep. 5 On my second day, I should like to see the pageant of ⑱ man’s progress, and I should go to the museums. I should try to probe into ⑲ the soul of man through his art.The things I knew through touch I should now see. The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies.（此处两句话分别把see的宾语the things I knew through touch和spend的宾语the evening of my second day提到句首，以示强调。其中"I knew through touch"为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰the things。） 6 The following morning, I should again greet the dawn ⑳ , anxious to discover new delights, new revelations of beauty（形容词短语作伴随状语，表示主语的状态。）.Today I shall spend in the workaday ㉑ world, amid ㉒ the haunts ㉓ of men going about ㉔ the business of life. 7 At midnight permanent ㉕ night would close in ㉖ on me again.Only when darkness had again descended ㉗ upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.【3】 8 I who am blind can give one hint ㉘ to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind（as if引导的方式状语从句，表示对将来情况的假设，使用虚拟语气，从句谓语用would be。）.And the same method can be applied to the other senses. Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty ㉙ strains of ㉚ an orchestra ㉛ , as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense ㉜ would fail ㉝.Smell the perfume ㉞ of flowers, taste with relish ㉟ each morsel ㊱ , as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful.（ of all…表示"在所有……中"，常与最高级连用。） （Excerpts from "Three Days to See" by Helen Keller） 假如给我三天光明 1 我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都失明、失聪一段时间，这或许是一件幸事。黑暗会让他更加珍惜视力，而寂静会教他领略声音的乐趣。 2 我时不时地测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在树林里散步了许久刚回来的朋友看到了什么。"没什么特别的。"她回答道。 3 我问自己，在树林里漫步一个小时，怎么可能没有看到什么值得注意的东西呢？我一个看不见的人，仅凭触摸就能发现许多令我感兴趣的东西。如果我从触摸中就能获得如此多的乐趣，那么视觉能展现多少美好的东西啊。并且我想象过，如果我能恢复视力，哪怕只有三天，我最想看到的是什么。 4 第一天，我要见见那些用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生活变得有价值的人。我不知道透过"心灵之窗"——眼睛，来看透一个朋友的内心是怎样的感受。我只能通过我的指尖"看"到一张面孔的轮廓。我想看看别人为我读过的、为我揭示了人生及人类精神的深刻奥秘的那些书。下午我要去树林里漫步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景之中。这天晚上，我将无法入睡。 5 第二天，我要看看人类发展的缤纷场景，我要去博物馆。我要通过艺术来探究人的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸了解的东西，我现在要亲眼看一看。这天晚上，我要在剧院或电影院里度过。 6 第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探寻新的乐事，发现更多美好。这天我将在平凡世界中度过，到那些为生活奔忙的人们常去的地方。 7 到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才会意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。 8 我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一点提示：使用你的眼睛吧，就像你明天就要失明一样。其他感官也同样适用该方法。去听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的鸣唱、管弦乐队铿锵的旋律，就像你明天就要失聪一样。触摸你想触摸的每一个物体，就像你明天就要失去触觉一样。闻闻花香，津津有味地品尝每一口食物，仿佛你明天即将失去嗅觉和味觉一样。不过，我相信，在所有感官中，最令人开心的一定是视觉。 （节选自海伦·凯勒《假如给我三天光明》） 课文重点词汇 ①percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/ n.[C]百分比，百分率（用于更笼统地表示某数量中的一部分） 辨析 percent（=per cent） n.[C]百分之……（仅用在数字之后） ②mobility /məʊˈbɪləti/ n.[U]移动的能力 mobile adj.行动方便; 可移动的 n.[C]手机（=mobile phone） ③cognition /kɒɡˈnɪʃn/ n.[U]认知，感知，认识 ④vision /ˈvɪʒn/ n.[U]视力 ⑤common functional disability 常见功能障碍 functional /ˈfʌŋkʃənl/ adj.功能的，机能的；实用的 ⑥blessing /ˈblesɪŋ/ n.[C] 幸事，幸运 ⑦strike vt.熟词生义 顿时使处于某状态 be stricken blind/deaf一时什么也看不见/听不见 ⑧（be） appreciative of sth.感激某事，感谢某事 appreciative /əˈpri:ʃətɪv/ adj.感激的，感谢的 ⑨worthy of note 值得注意的（=noteworthy） worthy /ˈwɜ:ð i/ adj.值得……的；值得尊敬的，值得赞赏的 ⑩mere /mɪə/ adj.仅仅，只不过 ⑪reveal /rɪˈvi:l/ vt.展现；揭示，透露 搭配 reveal sth.to sb.向某人揭示/透露某事 派生词 revelation /ˌrevəˈleɪʃn/ n.[C]出乎意料的好东西（乐趣，用处）；被揭露的真相，被曝光的内幕；[U]披露，揭露 ⑫say vt.熟词生义 比方说；假设 ⑬gentleness /ˈdʒentlnəs/ n.[U]和蔼，温和 词链 gentle（adj.温柔的; 温和的）—gently（adv.温柔地）—gentleness（n.） ⑭companionship /kəmˈpænjənʃɪp/ n.[U]友谊；友好交往 companion n.[C]旅伴，陪伴；同伴 ⑮fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡəˌtɪp/ n.[C]指尖 ⑯outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ n.[C,U]外形，轮廓；概述 vt.概述；显示……的轮廓 ⑰intoxicate one’s eyes on sth. 使某人的眼睛陶醉于某物 intoxicate /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/ vt.使兴奋，使陶醉 ⑱the pageant of （历史事件的）缤纷场景 pageant /ˈpædʒ（ə）nt/ n.[C] 再现历史场景的娱乐活动；盛大的（露天）演出 ⑲probe into 探究，追问 probe /prəʊb/ vt.& vi.调查；探究,追问 n.[C]探究；空间探测器 ⑳dawn /dɔ:n/ n.[C,U]黎明，破晓 搭配 at dawn 在拂晓 from dawn till dusk 从早到晚 ㉑workaday /ˈwɜ:kədeɪ/ adj.平凡的；平淡的 ㉒amid /əˈmɪd/ prep. 在……之中；四周是 ㉓haunt /hɔ:nt/ n.[C]（某人）常去的地方 ㉔go about sth. 忙于某事,继续做某事 ㉕permanent /ˈpɜ:mənənt/ adj.长久的；永久的 反义 temporary adj.短暂的，临时的，暂时的 ㉖close in 包围，逼近（常与on连用）；（夜色）加浓，（夜幕）降临 ㉗descend /dɪˈsend/ vi.（夜晚、黑暗、情绪等）降临；来临 搭配 descend on/upon 降临 ㉘hint /hɪnt/ n.[C]暗示；征兆 vi.& vt.暗示 give/drop a hint 给一点暗示 ㉙mighty /ˈmaɪti/ adj.强有力的;雄伟的；非凡的 adv.非常，极其 ㉚strains of 音乐的曲调或旋律 ㉛orchestra /ˈɔ:kɪstrə/ n.[C]（大型的）管弦乐队 ㉜tactile sense 触觉 tactile /ˈtæktaɪl/ adj.触觉的 ㉝fail vi. 熟词生义 （机件或人体器官）失灵，丧失功能 ㉞perfume /ˈpɜ:fju:m/ n.[C,U] 香味，芳香；香水 ㉟with relish 津津有味地 relish /ˈrelɪʃ/ n.[U]享受，乐趣 ㊱morsel /ˈmɔ:s（ə）l/ n.[C]（尤指食物的）一小片，一小块 【即学即练】 一.课文语法填空 In 1933, Helen Keller􀆳s book Three Days to See 　1　(publish), in which she imagined 　2　 she should most like to see if she were given the use of her eyes, say for just three days.   On the first day, she should most like to see the people whose kindness, 　3　(gentle) and companionship have made her life worth 　4　(live). She should see the 　5　 (book) which have been read to her, and which have revealed to her the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon, she should take 　6　 long walk in the woods, appreciating the beauties of the natural world. On her second day, she should like to go to the museums, trying to probe 　7　 the soul of man through his art. She should spend the evening at a theater or at the movies. On the third day, she should again 　8　(eager) greet the dawn, anxious 　9　(discover) new delights and beauty. She should spend the day in the workaday world, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life. At midnight, permanent night would close in on her and only then did she realize how much she 　10　(leave) unseen.   1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二.单句语法填空 1.The teacher said nothing, 　　　　　 (mere) smiled and watched her.   2.When a person feels 　　　　　(embarrass) or ashamed, he will lower his head, staring at the ground.   3.The trip to the countryside was 　　　　　, and we were 　　　　　to experience the simple and peaceful rural life there. (delight)  4.She treated the baby with such 　　　　　that everyone around was touched, and she 　　　　　rocked the baby sleeping in her arms. (gentle)  5.I cannot express enough how 　　　　　(appreciate) I am of your support and encouragement during the difficult time in my life.  6.Mozart, who is considered to be one of the most talented composers of all time, is truly worthy 　　　　　 the fame he earned.  7.The clown, 　　　　　 constant jokes always make the audience grin from ear to ear, is a knowledgeable man.  三.完成句子 1.如果我们专注于自我提升,而不是将自己与他人进行比较,我们将体验到真正的个人成长。 If we were to focus on self-improvement instead of comparing ourselves to others, we　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 2.We can find inner peace and happiness only when we learn to forgive.(句式升级:部分倒装) →Only when we learn to forgive 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.If you believe in yourself, you will accomplish great things.(句型转换:“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”句型) →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  考点三 课文知识解析 1.debt n．债务，欠款 (教材P13)　When the funds are low and the debts are high，...当资金少而债务多的时候，…… He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him.他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。 [知识拓展] in debt 负债(状态) be in heavy debt 负债累累 be out of debt 不欠债(状态) go/get/run into debt 负债(动作) pay off all the debts 还清债务(动作) be in sb.'s debt＝be in debt to sb.欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人 2. pace n．速度；进度；步速；节奏 (教材P13)　Don't give up though the pace seems slow...尽管进度似乎很慢，但不要放弃…… I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country.我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。 [知识拓展] at one's own pace 以某人自己的速度 keep pace with 跟上，(与……)并驾齐驱；(与……)步调一致 set the pace 定步速；起带头作用 the pace of life 生活节奏 pace up and down 来回踱步 3.　“We regret to inform you...”“我们很遗憾地通知你……” (1)regret v．& n．遗憾；懊悔 “I regret to inform Canberrans that we have our first case of COVID­19 in the territory，”Barr said at a press conference. 巴尔在新闻发布会上说：“我很遗憾地通知Canberrans，我们在该地区发现了第一例新型冠状病毒肺炎感染者。” [知识拓展] regret to do sth. 对要做的某事感到遗憾(to do的具体形式通 常是inform、say、tell的不定式) regret doing/having done sth. 后悔做过某事(已经做了) regret＋that从句 很遗憾…… (much) to one's regret 令人(非常)遗憾的是 with regret 遗憾地 express regret at/about/for 对……表示遗憾 (2)inform v．通知，告知 If you threaten me or use any force，I shall inform the police.你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。 [知识拓展] (1)inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 inform sb. that... 告知某人…… (2)informed adj. 了解情况的；有见识的；有学问的 keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事；随时报告某人某事 (3)information n. 信息(不可数) 4.rarely adv.很少，难得 (教材P14)　Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight...每个人都知道成功很少在一夜之间发生…… I often deal with customers on the phone and rarely meet them face­to­face.我经常用电话和客户打交道，很少和他们见面。 [知识拓展] rare adj. 稀少的，稀罕的；珍贵的 it is rare (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)难得做某事，(某人)很少做某事 [名师点津] rarely是具有否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子往往要部分倒装，即把句中的助动词、系动词等移至主语之前，有类似用法的词还有never、little、seldom、hardly、nor 等。 5.have sth. in common (with sb. or sth.)与……有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处 (教材P14)　When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers... 当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点…… We are attracted by each other，because we have something in common.我们惺惺相惜，是因为我们有共同之处。 [知识拓展] have nothing in common 无共同之处 have little in common 几乎无共同之处 have a lot in common 有许多共同之处 in common with 和……一样；和……有共同之处 6.turn down调小(声音等)；拒绝 (教材P14)　I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down...在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃…… She could not bear the endless music and turned down the volume.她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。 [知识拓展] turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高(音量、热量等) turn around/round 转身 turn out 证明是；结果是 turn to 转向；求助于 turn over 翻转；移交 turn on/off 打开/关闭(开关) 7.guarantee v．保证；确保；保障n.保证；保证书 (教材P15)　So，it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success.所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。 I guarantee that if you take this medicine，you'll soon get well.我保证你吃了这药很快就会好。 A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality. 公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。 [知识拓展] (1)guarantee sb. sth.(＝ensure sb. sth.)保证某人得到某物 guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事 guarantee＋that从句 确保…… guarantee sth. for some time 对……保修多久 (2)give sb. a guarantee＋that从句向某人保证…… under guarantee 在保修期内 8.delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的 (教材P15)　We are delighted to inform you...我们很高兴地通知你…… I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my heart's content.我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。 [知识拓展] (1)be delighted at/by... 由于……而高兴 be delighted with... 对……感到高兴/满意 be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事 be delighted＋that从句 很高兴…… (2)delight v. (使)愉快n. 高兴/快乐的事 to one's delight 令某人高兴的是…… (3)delightful adj. 令人快乐的，讨人喜欢的 9.“have sth. done”结构 (教材P14)　Emily Brontë had to pay to have her poetry published． 艾米莉·勃朗特不得不花钱出版她的诗集。 句式分析：“have sth. done”结构，意为“使某事被做”。publish与her poetry 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 You should understand the traffic rule by now.We've had it explained enough to you.到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了吧，我们已经给你解释得够多了。 [知识拓展] (1)“have sth. done”结构中，have为使役动词，意为“使，让”。“have sth. done”结构可表示三种含义： a．(主语) 请/派别人完成某事。 b．(主语)完成某事。 c．(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况。 (2)have sb. do sth.让某人做某事。宾语sb.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3)have sb./sth. doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事，强调动作一直在持续。宾语sb./sth.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 10.It seems that... (教材P15)　So，it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. 所以，似乎光靠天赋并不足以保证成功。 句式分析：“It seems＋that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。 It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.在我看来，布朗先生不会再来了。 [知识拓展] 除了“It seems＋that从句”结构，seem还常用于下列句式： (1)“主语＋seem(s)＋(to be )＋表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。 (2)“主语＋seem(s)＋不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 (3)“There＋seem(s) to be＋名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式确定。 11.祈使句＋连词＋陈述句 (教材P15)　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你……” 句式分析：本句是“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句式，其中祈使句表示条件。 Come early，and you'll see Zhong Nanshan.早点来，你会见到钟南山的。 [知识拓展] “祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句型的具体形式： (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句 (2)祈使句＋or (else)/otherwise＋陈述句 注意：(1)中还有以下两种变化形式： ①祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句 ②名词词组(通常含有more、another、further等词)＋and＋陈述句 完成句子/同义句转换 ①Try some of this juice— (也许你会喜欢的)． ②Hurry up， (否则你会又迟到的)． ③Work hard and you will make progress. → ，you'll make progress. ④Let's keep to the point，or we will never reach any decisions. → ，we will never reach any decisions. ⑤One more week，and we will accomplish the task. → ，and we will accomplish the task. → ，we will accomplish the task. 一．语法填空 A (2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔期中联考) By the time she turned 18, Liz 　1　(attend) a total of twelve schools. She had lived in shelters or parks, but never in a permanent residence(住所) for more than a few months. 　2　(laugh) at by the students, she felt quite embarrassed. She often wondered when she would change 　3　 situation. Her teachers always told the students that Liz should not 　4　(make) fun of.  Homeless since early childhood, Liz struggled 　5　(hide) her circumstances from teachers and fellow students. However, learning proved to be a way for her to find confidence in 　6　(her) again. Concentrating on her study was essentially important to her. She had a strong belief that she could do 　7　(well) than others.  By the second year of high school, she talked to her teachers, who helped her apply 　8　 scholarships. And in 11th grade, when she enrolled(登记入学) in Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her school career there, 　9　 meant that she had to take a bus each morning at 4 a.m. and could not get home until 11 p.m.  Her 　10　(persevere) and hard work paid off. She was accepted into Harvard University. Her success is a combination of hard work and intelligence. Liz is worthy of being appreciated by all.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　  6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  B (2025河北保定六校期中联考) Benjamin Lou is a computer scientist and advocate who was born with a rare genetic disorder called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the muscles 　1　(use) for moving the body. At the age of one, he became completely paralyzed(瘫痪的)from the chest down, making 　2　difficult for him to breathe, feed himself, or move around without assistance. Despite these challenges, Benjamin beat the odds and entered Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 　3　 he earned a degree in computer science and artificial intelligence. Nevertheless, the road was not easy. Benjamin had to persevere through countless 　4　 (difficulty) during his studies. His endurance in the face of various hardships was 　5　(true) remarkable.   By now, Benjamin 　6　(become) an inspirational figure for individuals with disabilities, using his experiences to raise 　7　 (aware) of the importance of accessibility to technology and advocating policies that make digital tools more usable for people with disabilities. He has also worked 　8　 developing assistive technologies, such as a voice-controlled computer interface that can be used by people with limited mobility.   In addition to his work in technology, Benjamin is a passionate advocate for disability rights,　9　(use) his platform to challenge stereotypes and promote understanding of living with disabilities. Through his writing and speaking engagements, he hopes to encourage others　10　 (accept) their differences and work towards creating a more inclusive society for all.  1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　   6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　  二．阅读理解 A (2025广东深圳期中) Just being smart doesn’t guarantee someone will be successful. And just being less smart doesn’t mean that the person will fail. That’s one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth. She works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other researchers, Duckworth wondered what makes one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality(品质)independent of smarts. They had what she now calls perseverance. Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. In one study of people aged 25 and above, she found that as people age, they become more likely to stick with a project. She also found that perseverance increases with education. People who had finished college scored higher in the perseverance test than people who quit before graduation did. People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how smarts and perseverance influenced performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which test IQ, to school grades and someone’s score in the perseverance test. Students with higher grades seem to have more perseverance. That’s not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people counter that this perseverance means success. Among those people is Marcus Credé, a teacher at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently showed the results of 88 studies on perseverance. Together, nearly 67,000 people took part in these studies. And perseverance did not predict success, Credé found. Nevertheless, he thinks perseverance is very similar to someone’s ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. It’s a basic personality quality, Credé notes—not something that can be changed. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected with school grades than perseverance,” Credé says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,” he adds. “I’m not sure we can do that with perseverance.” 1.What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A.Smart people may not succeed.　 B.Success has nothing to do with smarts. C.Perseverance is a quality dependent on smarts.　 D.Perseverance decides how smart one might be. 2.What might influence a person’s perseverance according to Angela Duckworth’s findings? A.Lifestyles.　 B.Family tradition.　 C.Education.　 D.Personality types. 3.What does the underlined word “counter” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Warn.　 B.Reply.　 C.Accept.　 D.Doubt. 4.What is Credé’s opinion about perseverance? A.It is strongly related to test anxiety.　 B.It can hardly be taught in school. C.It should be paid no attention to in teaching.　 D.It can’t influence students’ school grades. B (2024北京一零一中学期中) How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things rarely go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of complicated situations. Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 　1　 They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training, and being confident about your ability to face challenges.  　2　 When we learn to solve problems ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence and help us feel more independent and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 　3　 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.  When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Probe into where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 　4　 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.  And remember, if you have a complicated problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. 　5　  A.You also learn what you’re good at. B.Here is how you can be more resourceful. C.These may be practical things like pens and paper. D.No one is expected to solve all problems by himself. E.Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. F.They can be famous mottos that always inspire you to move on. G.Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $