Unit7单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 2025-2026学年沪教版七年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇、短语、句型及语法（感叹句/祈使句），通过默写与多样化练习实现语言知识到综合应用的递进训练，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词短语默写|课本42词/拓展42短语|中英互译填空|核心词汇→主题短语，构建单元词汇网络| |句型用法梳理|23个功能句型|结构公式呈现|基础表达→复杂句式，形成句型应用体系| |语法专项|感叹句/祈使句2大语法点|对比辨析表|形式结构→功能意义，建立语法规则认知| |综合练习卷|4大题型（单选/阅读/填空/情境任务）|分层能力考查|知识输入→技能输出，实现语言综合运用|

沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit7单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习(答案版) 1、 课本单词短语 英文 中文释义 contribution n.贡献 hero n.英雄 pioneer n.先锋；先驱 technology n.科技 receive v.拿到；接到；收到 engineering n.工程学 award v.授予；奖励n.奖 education n.教育 spend v.花（时间）；度过 research n.研究；调查 achieve v.（凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准） well-respected adj.受尊敬的 found v.建立（城镇或国家） eager adj.热切的；渴望的 raise v.增加；提高 *mission n.使命 honour n.荣誉；名誉 public n.百姓；民众 *approval n.赞成；同意 praise n.赞扬；称赞；赞美 society n.社会 female adj.女的；女性的 admire v.钦佩；仰慕 inspire v.激励；鼓舞 regular adj.通常的；平常的 feed v.养活；提供食物 smokejumper n.空降消防员 thick adj.茂密的 certain adj.某个；特定的 kill v.杀死；导致死亡 tool n.工具 dead adj.失去生命的；枯萎的 brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的 tough adj.健壮的；坚韧不拔的 fit adj.健壮的；健康的 otherwise adv.否则；不然 survive v.生存；存活 proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 role model 楷模；行为榜样 in the field of 在……领域 devote yourself to 献身；致力 college entrance examination 大学入学考试 look up to 敬仰；钦佩 sugar pill 糖丸 chief engineer 总工程师 put out 熄灭；扑灭 be able to 能够 be proud of 为……而自豪 二、拓展重点短语 英文短语 中文释义 role model 楷模；行为榜样 do research 做研究 return to 返回…… get back to 返回…… hear of/about 得知；听说 in the field of 在……领域 play a key role 起关键作用 thanks to 幸亏，由于 devote oneself to 献身；致力 be interested in 对……感兴趣 space travel 太空旅行 graduate from... 从……毕业 graduate in... 毕业于……专业 make contributions to 对……做出贡献 in return 作为回报 talk to/with sb 和某人交谈 talk about 谈论 college entrance examination 大学入学考试 check out 查看；结账离开 come on 快点；加油 have a look at 看一看…… over there 在那边 put...in silent mode 把……调至静音模式 put...in 把……放入……里面 look up to 敬仰；钦佩 millions of 数百万的，无数的 hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 sugar pill 糖丸 chief engineer 总工程师 jump out of 从……中跳出 (be) rich in 富含……；……丰富 put out 熄灭；扑灭 put on 穿上 put up 举起；搭建 clear away 清除；移走（障碍物等）；收拾，整理 be proud of 为……而自豪 take pride in 为……而自豪 as...as possible 尽可能…… such as 比如 pick up 捡起，拾起 make sense of 理解，弄懂 be serious about 认真对待…… 沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit7单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习(答案版) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、句型用法 用法/句型 释义 spend time doing sth 花费时间做某事 spend time on sth 在某事上花费时间 lots of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 许多…… decide to do sth 决定做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事 be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 begin to do/doing sth 开始做某事 start to do/doing sth 开始做某事 one of + 可数名词复数 ……之一 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 let sb do sth 让某人做某事 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 have to do sth 不得不做某事 be able to do sth 能够做某事 use...to do sth 使用……做某事 Let's do sth. 咱们做某事吧。 It takes sb some time to do sth. 某人花费一些时间做某事。 Thank you for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢你。 Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢你。 It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. 做某事是……的。 That's why + 句子. 那就是……的原因。 4、 单元语法 一、 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentences) 项目 详细说明 结构公式 例句 注意与拓展 定义​ 用来表达惊讶、喜悦、愤怒、赞美等强烈感情的句子。句末用感叹号。 What a surprise! 与陈述句、疑问句功能不同。 核心引导词​ What​ 和 How。区别在于感叹的侧重点不同。 口诀：“感名用What，感形/副用How”。 What型结构​ 感叹的中心是名词（或名词短语）。强调“事物”。 1. What + a/an + (形) + 单数可数名词！ 2. What + (形) + 不可数名词/复数名词！​ 1. What a lovely dog (it is)! 2. What fine weather! 3. What beautiful flowers! 1. 结构1中，单数可数名词前的 a/an 不能省略。 2. 结构2中，不可数名词（如weather, news）和复数名词前不能加a/an。 How型结构​ 感叹的中心是形容词、副词或整个句子。强调“性质、程度或方式”。 1. How + 形容词/副词！ 2. How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词！ 3. How + 主语 + 谓语！​ 1. How clever (she is)! 2. How clever a boy (he is)! 3. How time flies! 1. 结构2是特殊句式，较少用，但需了解。 2. 结构3用来感叹一个动作或状态，是常见考点。 省略情况​ 在口语和非正式文体中，主语和系动词（be动词）​ 常被省略。 What/How + 核心部分 + (主语+谓语)！ What a mess (this is)! How wonderful (it is)! 完整形式更正式，省略形式更自然。 易错辨析​ 混淆 What 和 How 的关键是判断感叹的核心落在哪个词上。 What a tall building!​ (核心是名词building) How tall the building is!​ (核心是形容词tall) 可先去掉修饰成分，看句子的主干是什么。 二、 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences) 项目 详细说明 结构公式 例句 注意与拓展 定义​ 用来表示命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告、禁止等。主语 You​ 通常被省略。 Be quiet, please. 语气由语境和语调决定。 肯定结构​ 1. Do型：最基础，直接以动词原形开头。 2. Be型：以Be动词原形开头。 3. Let型：表示建议或允许。 1. 动词原形 (+ 宾语/状语). 2. Be​ + 表语(形容词/名词). 3. Let​ + 宾语 + 动词原形. 1. Close the door. 2. Be careful. / Be a man. 3. Let me see. / Let’s go. 1. Let’s = Let us， 包括听话者。 2. Let me / him...​ 不包括听话者，是请求允许。 否定结构​ 在肯定结构前加 Don’t​ 或 Never。 1. Don’t/Never​ + 动词原形... 2. Don’t be​ + 表语. 3. Don’t let​ + 宾语 + 动词原形. 4. No + 动名词/名词.​ 1. Don’t move. 2. Don’t be silly. 3. Don’t let him go. 4. No parking. (警示牌) 1. Don’t​ 是 Do not​ 的缩写。 2. No doing​ 是固定警示语，意为“不准...”。 3. Let’s​ 的否定可以是 Let’s not...。 语气加强/缓和​ 可通过添加词语来改变语气强弱。 1. Do​ + 动词原形... (加强) 2. You​ + 动词原形... (指明对象) 3. ..., please. (缓和，表礼貌) 1. Do have a seat. 2. You be quiet! 3. Stand up, please. 1. 加 Do​ 表示恳切请求。 2. 加 You​ 有时带不耐烦情绪。 3. Please​ 可放句首或句末。 易错与考点​ 1. 忘记省略主语 You。 2. 否定句中错误使用动词形式。 3. 对 Let’s...​ 建议的回应。 1. (You) Listen to me. (对) 2. Don’t to cry. (错) -> Don’t cry. (对) 3. —Let’s play games. — Good idea. / Let’s not. 回答 Let’s...​ 的否定建议时，可用 Let’s not.​ 或 Sorry, I...。 七年级下册 Unit7能力提升综合练习卷 答案 一、语言知识运用（15分） （一）单词短语单选题（5分） 题号 答案 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 B （二）单元语法单选题（10分） 题号 答案 6 B 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 B 11 A 12 B 13 C 14 A 15 B 二、阅读（20分） （一）阅读理解（10分） 题号 答案 26 B 27 B 28 C 29 B 30 C （二）首字母填空（10分） 题号 答案 31 respected 32 devoted 33 research 34 survived 35 admired 36 eager 37 role 38 model 39 proud 40 inspire 三、项目式情境（25分） （一）信息匹配（5分） 题号 答案 41 B 42 C 43 A 44 D 45 E （二）回答问题（10分） 题号 答案 46 Polonium and radium. 47 In 1911. 48 Mobile X-ray units. 49 Her daughter. 50 They are radioactive. （三）完成句子（10分） 题号 答案 51 known / called ; contributions to 52 Don't run 53 are proud of 54 How brave 55 spent; on 四、语言知识（20分） （一）短文填空（10分） 题号 答案 56 pioneer 57 founded 58 received 59 award 60 brave 61 inspire 62 survives 63 honour 64 praise 65 achieve （二）语法短文填空（10分） 题号 答案 66 Don't forget 67 their 68 pioneer 69 How 70 What 71 to write 72 stop 73 from 74 inspires / has inspired / inspired 75 difference $沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit7单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 1、 课本单词短语 中文释义 n.贡献 n.英雄 n.先锋；先驱 n.科技 v.拿到；接到；收到 n.工程学 v.授予；奖励n.奖 n.教育 v.花（时间）；度过 n.研究；调查 v.（凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准） adj.受尊敬的 v.建立（城镇或国家） adj.热切的；渴望的 v.增加；提高 n.使命 n.荣誉；名誉 n.百姓；民众 n.赞成；同意 n.赞扬；称赞；赞美 n.社会 adj.女的；女性的 v.钦佩；仰慕 v.激励；鼓舞 adj.通常的；平常的 v.养活；提供食物 n.空降消防员 adj.茂密的 adj.某个；特定的 v.杀死；导致死亡 n.工具 adj.失去生命的；枯萎的 adj.勇敢的；无畏的 adj.健壮的；坚韧不拔的 adj.健壮的；健康的 adv.否则；不然 v.生存；存活 adj.骄傲的；自豪的 楷模；行为榜样 在……领域 献身；致力 大学入学考试 敬仰；钦佩 糖丸 总工程师 熄灭；扑灭 能够 为……而自豪 二、拓展重点短语 中文释义 楷模；行为榜样 做研究 返回…… 返回…… 得知；听说 在……领域 起关键作用 幸亏，由于 献身；致力 对……感兴趣 太空旅行 从……毕业 毕业于……专业 对……做出贡献 作为回报 和某人交谈 谈论 大学入学考试 查看；结账离开 快点；加油 看一看…… 在那边 把……调至静音模式 把……放入……里面 敬仰；钦佩 数百万的，无数的 成百上千的 成千上万的 糖丸 总工程师 从……中跳出 富含……；……丰富 熄灭；扑灭 穿上 举起；搭建 清除；移走（障碍物等）；收拾，整理 为……而自豪 为……而自豪 尽可能…… 比如 捡起，拾起 理解，弄懂 认真对待…… 沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit7单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、句型用法 释义 花费时间做某事 在某事上花费时间 许多…… 决定做某事 尽力做某事 想要做某事 渴望做某事 开始做某事 开始做某事 ……之一 帮助某人做某事 阻止某人做某事 让某人做某事 让某人做某事 不得不做某事 能够做某事 使用……做某事 咱们做某事吧。 某人花费一些时间做某事。 因做某事而感谢你。 因做某事而感谢你。 做某事是……的。 那就是……的原因。 4、 单元语法 一、 感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentences) 项目 详细说明 结构公式 核心引导词​ What​ 和 How。区别在于感叹的侧重点不同。 What型结构​ 感叹的中心是名词（或名词短语）。强调“事物”。 How型结构​ 感叹的中心是形容词、副词或整个句子。强调“性质、程度或方式”。 省略情况​ 在口语和非正式文体中，主语和系动词（be动词）​ 常被省略。 易错辨析​ 混淆 What 和 How 的关键是判断感叹的核心落在哪个词上。 二、 祈使句 (Imperative Sentences) 项目 详细说明 结构公式 定义​ 用来表示命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告、禁止等。主语 You​ 通常被省略。 肯定结构​ 否定结构​ ​ 语气加强/缓和​ 七年级下册 Unit7能力提升综合练习卷 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 得分：__________ 一、语言知识运用（共15分） （一）单词短语单选题（共5小题，每小题1分） 1. Tu Youyou made a great ______ to medicine by discovering artemisinin. A. contribution B. decision C. survey D. praise 2. We all ______ the firefighters who lost their lives in the wildfire. A. admire B. receive C. found D. survive 3. Dr Yuan Longping spent his whole life doing ______ on hybrid rice to help ______ people. A. research; feed B. exercise; treat C. business; raise D. experiments; kill 4. She ______ to help others and has ______ herself to charity work for 20 years. A. decides; devoted B. is eager; devoted C. wants; spent D. hopes; given 5. — ______ brave the soldiers are! — Yes. We are all ______ of them. A. What; proud B. How; proud C. What; pride D. How; pride （二）单元语法单选题——感叹句 & 祈使句（共10小题，每小题1分） 6. ______ important work it is to help the homeless! A. How B. What C. What an D. How an 7. ______ fast the time flies! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 8. ______ lovely girl she is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 9. Please ______ the door when you leave the room. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 10. Don't ______ late for class. Be on time! A. is B. be C. are D. / 11. — Let's ______ a hero like Qian Xuesen in our hearts. — Good idea! A. remember B. remembers C. remembering D. to remember 12. ______ make so much noise in the library. A. Doesn't B. Don't C. Not D. No 13. ______ beautiful the music composed by the pianist is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 14. Be sure to ______ your homework before handing it in. A. check B. checking C. checked D. to check 15. ______ a wise pioneer he was in the field of space technology! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 二、阅读（共20分） （一）阅读理解（共1篇，5小题，每小题2分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。【改编自 Biographies for Young Readers & Smithsonian Magazine】 Marie Curie was a pioneer（先驱） in the study of radioactivity（放射性）. Born in Poland, she moved to Paris, where she met Pierre Curie. Together they discovered two new elements—polonium and radium. For this, they received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. Madame Curie was the first person to win two Nobel Prizes（两次诺贝尔奖）, also winning the Chemistry Prize in 1911 for her work on radium. She often worked in poor conditions—cold, damp laboratories—yet never complained（抱怨）. During World War I, she drove mobile X-ray units to the front lines to help wounded soldiers. Her daughter Irène Joliot-Curie followed in her footsteps, also winning a Nobel Prize. Marie Curie's dedication（奉献） inspired generations of scientists, especially women. She proved that with curiosity and persistence, one can achieve（取得；达到） greatness regardless of social barriers. Today, her notebooks are still slightly radioactive. They are kept in lead-lined boxes, a reminder of the extraordinary（非凡的） price she paid for science. 26. Why is Marie Curie described as a "pioneer"? A. She was the first woman to vote in France. B. She discovered new elements and opened a new field of study. C. She invented the X-ray machine. D. She founded the Nobel Prize institution. 27. How many Nobel Prizes did Marie Curie win? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. None—her husband won them. 28. What did Marie Curie do during World War I? A. She fought on the front lines as a soldier. B. She organised fund-raising concerts. C. She operated mobile X-ray units to assist doctors. D. She hid her research from the enemy. 29. The underlined word "achieve" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. expect B. reach / accomplish C. admire D. receive 30. What is the writer's attitude towards Marie Curie? A. Critical—she thinks Curie was careless with radiation. B. Neutral—just stating facts. C. Admiring—she sees Curie as an inspirational figure. D. Doubtful—she questions the radioactivity claim. （二）首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 根据短文内容和首字母提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。全部使用文档内Unit7课标词。 【改编自 Time for Kids – Heroes Edition】 Tu Youyou is a well-r\_\_31\_\_ scientist. She d\_\_32\_\_ her life to finding a cure for malaria. After years of r\_\_33\_\_, she found artemisinin from sweet wormwood. Millions of people have s\_\_34\_\_ thanks to this discovery. She is a\_\_35\_\_ by people worldwide. Young students are e\_\_36\_\_ to learn about her. She is a true r\_\_37\_\_ m\_\_38\_\_. We should be p\_\_39\_\_ of such heroes and i\_\_40\_\_ others too. 31. r______ 32. d______ 33. r______ 34. s______ 35. a______ 36. e______ 37. r______ 38. m______ 39. p______ 40. i______ 三、项目式情境（共25分） （一）信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1分） 材料A–F介绍五位"榜样人物"展板，请为41–45题中的同学选择想了解的人物。（其中一项多余） A. Marie Curie (1867–1934) — Pioneer in radioactivity; first woman to win a Nobel Prize; worked in difficult conditions. B. Tu Youyou (1930– ) — Discovered artemisinin to treat malaria; saved millions; researched traditional Chinese medicine. C. Qian Xuesen (1911–2009) — Father of Chinese space programme; returned to China despite U.S. opposition; chief engineer of early rockets. D. Norman Bethune (1890–1939) — Canadian doctor; served in China's anti-Japanese war; set up field hospitals; died caring for wounded. E. Malala Yousafzai (1997– ) — Youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate; advocates girls' education; survived an attack by extremists. F. Isaac Newton (1643–1727) — Mathematician & physicist; laws of motion & gravity; not a modern humanitarian role model per se. 41. Lin wants to know about a Chinese scientist who studied ancient herbs to fight disease. 42. Sam is interested in the father of China's space programme who returned from America. 43. Amy admires a woman who broke barriers in science and won two Nobel Prizes. 44. Ben wants to learn about a foreign doctor who helped Chinese soldiers in wartime. 45. Clara looks up to a young activist fighting for girls' right to education. 41. ______ 42. ______ 43. ______ 44. ______ 45. ______ （二）回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分） 根据阅读理解"Marie Curie—A Pioneer in Science"内容作答，答案不超过5个词。 46. What new elements did Marie and Pierre Curie discover? _____________________________________________________________ 47. In which year did she win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry? _____________________________________________________________ 48. What did Madame Curie drive to the front lines during WWI? _____________________________________________________________ 49. Who followed in Marie Curie's footsteps and also won a Nobel Prize? _____________________________________________________________ 50. Why are her notebooks still kept in lead-lined boxes? _____________________________________________________________ （三）完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分） 根据汉语意思完成英文句子，每空一词。 51. 袁隆平被称为"杂交水稻之父"。他为全人类做出了巨大贡献。 Yuan Longping is ______ "Father of Hybrid Rice". He made great ______ ______ mankind. 52. 不要在走廊里跑。注意安全！ ______ ______ in the hallways. Keep safe! 53. 我们为祖国的快速发展感到自豪。 We ______ ______ ______ our country's rapid development. 54. 她多么勇敢啊！她冒着危险救了三名孩子。 ______ ______ she was to save three children! 55. 这位科学家花了多年时间做研究。 The scientist ______ years ______ research. 四、语言知识（共20分） （一）短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 从方框中选词并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 achieve award brave found honour inspire pioneer praise receive survive 【改编自 BBC History】 Marie Curie was a scientific \_\_56\_\_. She and her husband \_\_57\_\_ the Institute of Radium. For this work they \_\_58\_\_ the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. Later she won a second—an \_\_59\_\_ few scientists have matched. She was a \_\_60\_\_ woman who faced hardship without complaint. Her work continues to \_\_61\_\_ new generations. Though she died of a disease linked to radiation exposure, her spirit \_\_62\_\_. Nations \_\_63\_\_ her with statues and named institutions after her. We should \_\_64\_\_ those who devote themselves to the truth. To \_\_65\_\_ greatness, one must persist. 56. ___________ 57. ___________ 58. ___________ 59. ___________ 60. ___________ 61. ___________ 62. ___________ 63. ___________ 64. ___________ 65. ___________ （二）语法短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 【改编自 Junior Biography Weekly】 Last week, our class learnt about Dr Wu Lien-teh. Our teacher said, "\_\_66\_\_ (not forget) the heroes who came before us. Read \_\_67\_\_ (they) stories." Dr Wu helped stop the 1910 plague in northeast China. He was a \_\_68\_\_ (pioneer) in modern epidemiology. "\_\_69\_\_ bright he was!" our teacher exclaimed. "And \_\_70\_\_ a great contribution he made!" We decided \_\_71\_\_ (write) a short essay about him. "Work hard," she added. "Don't let difficulties \_\_72\_\_ (stop) you \_\_73\_\_ reaching your goal." Dr Wu's story \_\_74\_\_ (inspire) me. I want to be someone who makes a \_\_75\_\_ (different) one day. 66. ___________ 67. ___________ 68. ___________ 69. ___________ 70. ___________ 71. ___________ 72. ___________ 73. ___________ 74. ___________ 75. ___________ $