暑假自学课第3讲不定式情态动词+反身代词(讲义)-2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级全一册
新九年级暑假自学课
人教版2024 · 暑假衔接专用
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第3讲
非谓语动词 · 情态动词 · 反身代词
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⊙ 适用年级:新九年级(八升九)
⊙ 教材版本:人教版2024
⊙ 内容说明:系统复习动词不定式、动名词、情态动词和反身代词的用法
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Part 1 温故知新 —— 情态动词全攻略
一、情态动词基本特征
情态动词本身有一定意义,表示说话人的语气或态度。特征:
1. 后接动词原形(不带to,need/ought to除外)
2. 没有人称和数的变化(he can, she must)
3. 否定直接在后面加not(cannot, must not, may not)
二、常用情态动词用法对照
情态动词 | 用法 | 例句 |
can | 能力/请求/允许 | I can swim. / Can I help you? |
could | can的过去式/委婉请求 | Could you open the door? |
may | 请求允许/可能性 | May I come in? / It may rain tomorrow. |
might | 委婉请求/可能性更小 | Might I borrow your pen? / He might be at home. |
must | 必须(主观) | You must finish your homework first. |
have to | 必须(客观) | I have to wear a uniform at school. |
should | 应该(建议/责任) | You should see a doctor. / We should protect the environment. |
need | 需要(作情态动词多用于否定/疑问) | Need I go? / You needn't worry. |
三、情态动词表推测(中考必考!)
情态动词可以表示对现在或过去情况的推测,不同情态动词表示不同的把握程度。
情态动词 | 把握程度 | 例句(对现在的推测) |
must be | 非常肯定(一定) | The light is on. He must be at home. |
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may be | 可能(不太确定) | She may be in the library. |
might be | 可能性很小 | He might be the new teacher. |
can't be | 不可能(否定推测) | It can't be him. He is in Beijing now. |
【结构对比】
• 对现在的推测:情态动词 + be / do(动词原形)
-- He must be a doctor. / She can't know the truth.
• 对过去的推测:情态动词 + have + 过去分词
-- He must have finished his homework.(他一定已经完成作业了)
-- She can't have left already.(她不可能已经走了)
四、must vs have to (易混考点)
| must | have to |
含义 | 主观认为必须 | 客观需要 |
否定 | mustn't(不准,禁止) | don't have to(不必) |
时态变化 | 无时态变化 | 有:has to, had to, will have to |
-- You mustn't smoke here.(不准吸烟)
-- You don't have to come if you don't want to.(不必来)
五、need作为情态动词 vs 实义动词
need作情态动词:多用于否定句和疑问句,后接动词原形。
-- Need I do it now? Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.
need作实义动词:有人称和时态变化,后接to do。
-- He needs to finish his work. / She doesn't need to worry.
Part 2 习新知法 —— 非谓语动词 & 反身代词
一、动词不定式(to do)详解
不定式由 "to + 动词原形" 构成,没有人称和数的变化,可在句中作多种成分。
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