Unit 1能力检测卷2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 沪教版英语九年级上册Unit 1能力检测卷，以中外科学家事迹为核心素材，融合词汇、语法与读写能力考查，适配单元复习，助力语言能力提升与科学精神培育。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|核心词汇（如classical, significant）、语法（consider doing）|语境化词汇辨析，贴近单元主题| |完形填空|10/10|上下文理解、人物故事逻辑|牛顿事迹为载体，渗透科学品质| |阅读理解|15/30|科学家传记（赵九章、居里夫人等）|真实科学人物素材，培养文化意识| |任务型阅读|5/10|细节提取、信息整合|王承书爱国事迹，深化思维品质| |书面表达|1/10|活动报道写作|“科学家精神进校园”主题，提升语言运用能力|

2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册Unit 1能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. The will come out one day. Lies never last forever. A. truth B. pain C. fear D. case ( ) 2. Chinese modern literature has many treasures. This is a novel written by Lu Xun. A. direct B. classical C. serious D. mighty ( ) 3. Don’t pass on others so quickly. Everyone has their own troubles and stories. A. temperature B. opportunity C. judgement D. direction ( ) 4. Her research made a contribution to physics. People still admire her great achievements today. A. original B. responsible C. independent D. significant ( ) 5. My grandpa uses an mobile phone with no touch screen. He only needs it to make and receive calls. A. electronic B. old-fashioned C. anxious D. intelligent ( ) 6. We lead a simple and life in the countryside. But we feel warm and happy every day. A. ordinary B. global C. possible D. proud ( ) 7. —What’s your plan for the summer holiday? —I’m considering ______ to Hainan Island for swimming lessons. A. go B. going C. to go D. went ( ) 8. He managed ______ the problem without any help. A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved ( ) 9. —I’m not sure ______ this method will improve our English. —It surely will. Practice makes perfect. A. whether B. why C. how D. where ( ) 10. She has a music , so she sings very well. She often performs at school parties. A. lifestyle B. pleasure C. impression D. background 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Newton was born in England, on December 25, 1642. He was born early and he was very 11 . No one believed he could continue to live. But he 12 everyone. He had one of the most powerful minds in history. And he lived until he was 84. Newton’s father died before he was born. His mother married again a few years later. She 13 Newton with his grandmother. The boy was not a good student. Yet he was curious and liked to make things, such as kites, clocks and simple machines. Newton also 14 finding new ways to answer questions or solve problems. Strangely, Newton became a much better student after a boy kicked him in the stomach. The boy was one of the best students in the school. Newton decided to get even (报复) by getting 15 marks than the boy who kicked him. In a short time, Newton became the 16 student at the school. Newton left school to help on the family farm. However, the boy was not a good farmer. He spent his time not taking care of the farm but 17 math problems. He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town, 18 selling his vegetables in the market. An uncle believed that Newton would do better as a student than as a farmer. So he 19 the young man get into Cambridge University to study math. Newton’s story tells us that even a weak baby can grow up to be a great 20 if he has curiosity and determination (决心). ( ) 11. A. poor B. strong C. weak D. clever ( ) 12. A. surprised B. pleased C. interested D. excited ( ) 13. A. played B. left C. shared D. met ( ) 14. A. enjoyed B. hated C. remembered D. forgot ( ) 15. A. fewer B. worse C. larger D. better ( ) 16. A. top B. lazy C. shy D. young ( ) 17. A. reading B. solving C. writing D. copying ( ) 18. A. because of B. as for C. thanks to D. instead of ( ) 19. A. made B. stopped C. helped D. refused ( ) 20. A. farmer B. scientist C. teacher D. reporter 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Zhao Jiuzhang was an important scientist from China. He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program. Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang graduated from Tsinghua University at the age of 26. Two years later, he began his three-year doctoral studies at Humboldt University of Berlin in Germany. After getting his doctorate, he returned to China and became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US. It became one of the most famous theories in the history of meteorology (气象学) development and one of the basic theories of weather forecasting. After the first satellite in the world was sent into space in October 1957, Zhao called for the development of China’s satellites. In the following years, he not only led the scientific team to do a lot of research and basic work for China’s satellites, but personally carried on research in the field of space physics. On April 24, 1970, China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which carried his efforts, was sent into space. Regrettably, this scientific pioneer passed away before finishing his goals on October 26, 1968. In 2007, to remember the 100th year of Zhao Jiuzhang’s birth, the Chinese Academy of Sciences named asteroid (小行星) 7811 “Zhao Jiuzhang Star”. Today, China’s space science and technology have developed rapidly. Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered. ( ) 21. What is Zhao Jiuzhang known as according to the passage? A. The Father of Chinese Meteorology. B. The Father of China’s Satellites. C. The Pioneer of World Space Physics. D. The Founder of Tsinghua University. ( ) 22. When did Zhao Jiuzhang become a professor? A. In 1907. B. In 1937. C. In 1938. D. In 1946. ( ) 23. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Zhao Jiuzhang’s report. B. The University of Chicago. C. The theory of “planetary wave instability”. D. The history of meteorology development. ( ) 24. What is Zhao Jiuzhang like? A. Honest and active. B. Smart and humorous. C. Brave and helpful. D. Hard-working and great. ( ) 25. What’s the theme of this passage? A. Study and life. B. Sports and health. C. Travel and culture. D. Science and technology. B Marie Curie is one of the most famous scientists in history. She was born in Poland in 1867. At that time, women in Poland could not get a university education, so Marie left her hometown and went to Paris to study. In Paris, Marie studied physics and chemistry hard. She met Pierre Curie, a famous scientist, and they got married in 1895. Together, they began to study radioactive elements. In 1898, they discovered two new elements: polonium (named after Marie’s hometown) and radium. In 1903, Marie and Pierre Curie won the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. After Pierre’s death in 1906, Marie continued her research. ▲ In 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, becoming the first person to win two Nobel Prizes in different fields. During World War I, Marie used her knowledge of radium to help soldiers. She invented mobile X-ray machines, which helped doctors find bullets in soldiers’ bodies. She also trained nurses to use these machines. Marie Curie died in 1934 because of cancer caused by long-term exposure to radioactive elements. Her work has influenced scientists all over the world, and she is still a role model for women in science. ( ) 26. Why did Marie Curie go to Paris to study? A. Because she wanted to meet Pierre Curie. B. Because women in Poland couldn’t attend university. C. Because Paris had the best science labs. D. Because her parents worked in Paris. ( ) 27. Which sentence can be put into the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A. She was very sad but didn’t give up. B. She decided to move back to Poland. C. She stopped studying radioactive elements. D. She married another scientist. ( ) 28. How did Marie Curie help soldiers during World War I? A. She gave them radium pills. B. She invented mobile X-ray machines. C. She treated their cancer. D. She built hospitals for them. ( ) 29. What do we know about Marie Curie from the text? A. She won two Nobel Prizes in the same field. B. She discovered radium alone in 1898. C. She died at the age of 67. D. She named polonium after Paris. ( ) 30. What is the best title for the text? A. A Great Woman Scientist. B. The History of Nobel Prizes. C. Radioactive Elements. D. World War I and Science. C Du Mengran, a great Chinese scientist known as “Deep-Sea Diver (潜水者)” by Nature, has become a role model for many young people. She was born in a small city in Shandong Province. From an early age, she was curious about the deep sea. She often read books and asked her parents questions about it. This strong love planted the seed for her future scientific career. Du’s love for science led her to study hard. She did well in math and biology at school. After graduating from high school, she went to a famous university to study sea science. During her college years, she not only mastered professional knowledge but also joined the school’s ocean exploration club. She spent countless weekends in the laboratory, studying seawater samples and the habits of deep-sea organisms (有机物). Even when ‘experiments failed repeatedly, she never lost heart. She just kept trying again and again, day and night. Du Mengran’s success comes from her hard work. Her work focuses on deep-sea divingand how to explore the ocean. She studies the systems of fluids (液体) that seep (渗透) from the sea floor, and even came up with a new idea about how deep-sea creatures live. This idea has helped make underwater technologies better. Up to December 2025, she has gone on over 30 deep-sea dives. She has used China’s own underwater machines like “Jiaolong”, “Shenhai Yongshi” and “Fendouzhe”. In 2022, she started a program to explore the deepest parts of the world’s oceans. She led teams from China and Indonesia to discover two new hot-water activity areas in the Java Trench. In 2024, she helped create a machine that can read DNA in the deep sea. In 2025, she also tested China’s first deep-sea gamma radiation detector (伽玛辐射探测器). On December 8th, Du was named one of the 2025 Top 10 Scientists by Nature magazine’s website. This is a great honor for her and Chinese science. Her contributions make the world know more about China’s deep-sea research strength. Du’s journey shows that curiosity, hard work, and courage can turn dreams into reality. She inspires (鼓舞) young people to work for science and explore the unknown. ( ) 31. What first made Du Mengran interested in the deep sea? A. A school science project. B. Her parents’ jobs. C. Her childhood curiosity. D. A famous scientist’s story. ( ) 32. What did Du Mengran do during her college years? A. She mainly focused on studying physics. B. She discovered a new deep-sea creature species. C. She joined a club and did experiments in the lab. D. She started her own deep-sea exploration company. ( ) 33. What is Du Mengran’s attitude towards failure in experiments? A. Curious. B. Patient. C. Creative. D. Careful. ( ) 34. Which of the following is True about Du’s work? A. Her research has nothing to do with underwater technologies. B. She found two new hot-water activity areas in the Java Trench alone. C. She has done less than 30 deep-sea dives by December 2025. D. Her new idea about deep-sea creatures helps improve related technologies. ( ) 35. Which can be used to describe Du Mengran? A. A bookworm. B. A dream-follower. C. A survivor. D. A lucky winner. 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Wang Chengshu was a world-class scientist. Someone said her achievements (成就) might lead her to a Nobel Prize. But for her motherland, she chose to work as an unknown member. Wang was born in Shanghai in 1912. From a young age, she was very clever and had a strong interest in physics and maths. In 1930, she entered college to study physics. She always came top in the class. In 1941, she went to the US for further study. Later, Wang became a well-known physics. Wang lived a comfortable and successful life in the US, but she was deeply concerned about China’s development, so she returned to China in 1956. In 1958, China planned to study a new kind of technology. Facing the unknown, Wang took on the task bravely, saying, “I am willing to do that.” After two years of hard work, she and her team made it. In 1961, Wang was given a new task that had to do with China’s first atomic bomb (原子弹). To carry out the task, she needed to disappear from the public eye. Without thinking twice, she answered , “ I am willing to do that.” After completing the task, however, another one followed, and she had to keep working secretly. Once again, she gave the answer, “I am willing to do that.” Wang devoted herself to China’s development. Although she had many achievements and honors (荣誉), she didn’t care about them. She thought that she just did what she should do. Wang’s deep love for the country and her great spirit still encourage Chinese people to this day. 36. When and where was Wang Chengshu born? 37. What subjects was Wang Chengshu interested in when she was young? 38. Why did Wang Chengshu come back to China in 1956? 39. What did Wang Chengshu say when she took on the tasks from her motherland? 40. What was Wang Chengshu’s attitude (态度) to her achievements and honors ? 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 41. My b is that hard work pays off. 42. She made o achievements in science. 43. Li Bai is a famous ancient Chinese p . 44. Climate change will have a serious i on farming. 45. He made a c effort to finish homework quickly. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46. 她除了是作家，还是一位知名画家。 being a writer, she is also a famous painter. 47. 跑完步他伸手去拿一杯水。 He a glass of water after running. 48. 你必须为自己的梦想奋力拼搏。 You have to your dreams. 49. 爷爷喜欢晚饭后散步。 My grandpa walking after dinner. 50. 她设计这栋房子时把安全放在首要考量。 She designed the house safety . 六、单元语法（用给出的词改写成一句话）(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51. We can finish the task on time. I'm certain about it. (certain) 52. You gave up the chance. I am surprised at this thing.(surprised) 53. He has moved to another city. I'm unaware of this.(unaware) 54. My best friend is coming to see me. I'm excited about this.(excited) 55. We'll be late for school. I'm worried about it.(worried) 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) Shen Kuo was a 56 (science) of the Northern Song Dynasty. He did well in many fields, such as maths, physics, chemistry and 57 (medicine) science. He also made great contributions to art and literature. One of his most famous works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》). In 1040, when Shen Kuo was nine, he took an interest in reading. His mother was a learned person and she influenced the boy 58 (great). When he was eleven, Shen Kuo started receiving formal (正式的) education and reading became one of his daily activities. One year later, his family moved to a different city. On the way, he learned 59 the outside world was like. While in his 60 (thirty), Shen Kuo often dreamed about a hill. In the dreams, the top of the hill was covered with beautiful flowers. A river flowed quietly and there were trees along the river. Later, when travelling around, Shen Kuo was surprised 61 (find) a piece of land that looked exactly like the hill in his dreams. He loved the place so much that he stayed there for 62 rest of his life. The book Brush Talks from Dream Brook 63 (write) there. Although Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago, his work Brush Talks from Dream Brook still has a profound influence 64 modern science and research. This scientific work has been translated into a number of different languages, 65 (include) English, French, German and Japanese. 八、书面表达(10分) 假如你是李华，你校上周举办了“科学家精神进校园”（Bringing the Spirit of Scientists to Campus）活动。请为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Bringing the Spirit of Scientists to Campus ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册Unit 1能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. The will come out one day. Lies never last forever. A. truth B. pain C. fear D. case ( ) 2. Chinese modern literature has many treasures. This is a novel written by Lu Xun. A. direct B. classical C. serious D. mighty ( ) 3. Don’t pass on others so quickly. Everyone has their own troubles and stories. A. temperature B. opportunity C. judgement D. direction ( ) 4. Her research made a contribution to physics. People still admire her great achievements today. A. original B. responsible C. independent D. significant ( ) 5. My grandpa uses an mobile phone with no touch screen. He only needs it to make and receive calls. A. electronic B. old-fashioned C. anxious D. intelligent ( ) 6. We lead a simple and life in the countryside. But we feel warm and happy every day. A. ordinary B. global C. possible D. proud ( ) 7. —What’s your plan for the summer holiday? —I’m considering ______ to Hainan Island for swimming lessons. A. go B. going C. to go D. went ( ) 8. He managed ______ the problem without any help. A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved ( ) 9. —I’m not sure ______ this method will improve our English. —It surely will. Practice makes perfect. A. whether B. why C. how D. where ( ) 10. She has a music , so she sings very well. She often performs at school parties. A. lifestyle B. pleasure C. impression D. background 1.A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：真相终有一天会大白。谎言永远不会长久。truth真相；pain痛苦；fear恐惧；case情况；由后一句“Lies never last forever.谎言不会长久”可知，对应真相终将显露，故选A。 2.B【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：中国现代文学有许多瑰宝。这是一部鲁迅创作的经典小说。direct笔直的；classical经典的；serious严肃的；mighty强大的；结合“文学瑰宝、小说”的语境，classical最贴合句意，故选B。 3.C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：不要过早地评判他人。每个人都有自己的烦恼和经历。temperature温度；opportunity机会；judgement评判；direction方向；pass judgement on sb. 为固定搭配，意为评判 / 指责某人，故选C。 4.D【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：她的研究为物理学作出了重要贡献，时至今日人们仍对她卓越的成就充满敬佩。original最初的；responsible可靠的；independent独立的；significant重要的；make a significant contribution 是固定搭配，意为 “做出重大贡献”，结合后文 “受人敬佩、成就斐然”，故选D。 5.B【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：我爷爷用的是一部没有触摸屏的老式手机，他只需要它来打电话和接听来电。electronic电子的；old-fashioned老式的；anxious焦急的；intelligent智能的；根据“no touch screen没有触摸屏、only needs it to make and receive calls仅用来通话”，可知是老式手机，故选B。 6.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：我们在乡下过着平淡普通的生活，但每天都能感受到温暖与幸福。ordinary普通的；global全球的；possible可能的；proud骄傲的；ordinary life意为“普通的生活”，契合乡下简朴的生活语境，故选A。 7.B【解析】考查动名词用法。句意：——你暑假有什么计划？——我正在考虑去海南岛上游泳课。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。 8.C【解析】考查动名词不定式的用法。句意：他设法在没有任何帮助的情况下解决了这个问题。manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，固定搭配，应用动词不定式to solve。 9.A【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意：——我不确定这种方法是否能提高我们的英语水平。——肯定能。熟能生巧。whether是否；why为什么；how如何；where哪里。根据“I’m not sure...this method will improve our English.”可知，此处表达不确定的内容，应用whether引导此宾语从句。 10.D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她具备音乐背景，因此歌唱能力非常出色，经常在学校派对上表演。lifestyle生活方式；pleasure快乐；impression印象；background背景；music background，意为音乐功底 、音乐背景，结合“she sings very well她唱歌很好”的语境，故选D。 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Newton was born in England, on December 25, 1642. He was born early and he was very 11 . No one believed he could continue to live. But he 12 everyone. He had one of the most powerful minds in history. And he lived until he was 84. Newton’s father died before he was born. His mother married again a few years later. She 13 Newton with his grandmother. The boy was not a good student. Yet he was curious and liked to make things, such as kites, clocks and simple machines. Newton also 14 finding new ways to answer questions or solve problems. Strangely, Newton became a much better student after a boy kicked him in the stomach. The boy was one of the best students in the school. Newton decided to get even (报复) by getting 15 marks than the boy who kicked him. In a short time, Newton became the 16 student at the school. Newton left school to help on the family farm. However, the boy was not a good farmer. He spent his time not taking care of the farm but 17 math problems. He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town, 18 selling his vegetables in the market. An uncle believed that Newton would do better as a student than as a farmer. So he 19 the young man get into Cambridge University to study math. Newton’s story tells us that even a weak baby can grow up to be a great 20 if he has curiosity and determination (决心). ( ) 11. A. poor B. strong C. weak D. clever ( ) 12. A. surprised B. pleased C. interested D. excited ( ) 13. A. played B. left C. shared D. met ( ) 14. A. enjoyed B. hated C. remembered D. forgot ( ) 15. A. fewer B. worse C. larger D. better ( ) 16. A. top B. lazy C. shy D. young ( ) 17. A. reading B. solving C. writing D. copying ( ) 18. A. because of B. as for C. thanks to D. instead of ( ) 19. A. made B. stopped C. helped D. refused ( ) 20. A. farmer B. scientist C. teacher D. reporter 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了科学家牛顿的成长经历：早产体弱却坚强存活，少年时学业不突出，在被同学踢后发奋成为尖子生，后经叔叔帮助进入剑桥大学，最终成为伟大的科学家。 11.C【11题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他是早产儿，身体非常虚弱。根据上文“He was born early”以及下文“No one believed he could continue to live.”，可知他出生时很虚弱，应选用weak表示“虚弱的”。poor“贫穷的”、strong“强壮的”、clever“聪明的”均不符合语境。 12.A【12题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：但他让所有人都感到惊讶。根据上文没人相信他能活下来，结果他活到了84岁，这让大家惊讶，应选用surprised表示“使惊讶”。pleased“使高兴”、interested“使感兴趣”、excited“使兴奋”均不符合语境。 13.B【13题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她 (母亲) 把牛顿留给了祖母照顾。根据上文母亲改嫁，可知她将牛顿留给了祖母，应选用left表示“留下”。played“玩”、shared“分享”、met“遇见”均不符合语境。 14.A【14题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：牛顿也喜欢寻找新的方法来回答问题或解决问题。根据上文“He was curious and liked to make things”，可知他喜欢探索新方法，应选用enjoyed表示“喜欢”。hated“讨厌”、remembered“记住”、forgot“忘记”均不符合语境。 15.D【15题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：牛顿决定通过取得比踢他的男孩更好的成绩来报复。根据上文他想报复那个男孩，应取得更好成绩，应用better表示“更好的”。fewer“更少的”、worse“更差的”、larger“更大的”均不符合语境。 16.A【16题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：短时间内，牛顿成为了学校顶尖的学生。根据上文他努力取得更好成绩，可知他成为最优秀的学生，应选用top表示“顶尖的”。lazy“懒惰的”、shy“害羞的”、young“年轻的”均不符合语境。 17.B【17题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他花时间不是照看农场，而是解决数学问题。根据上文“not taking care of the farm but...”，可知他是在解决数学问题，应选用solving表示“解决”。reading“阅读”、writing“写”、copying“复制”均不符合语境。 18.D【18题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：他花几个小时逛镇上的书店，而不是在市场上卖菜。根据上下文，他花时间看书而不是卖菜，应用instead of表示“而不是”。because of“因为”、as for“至于”、thanks to“多亏了”均不符合语境。 19.C【19题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：所以他帮助这个年轻人进入剑桥大学学习数学。根据上文叔叔认为牛顿做学生比做农民更好，可知他帮助牛顿上大学，应选用helped表示“帮助”。made“使”、stopped“停止”、refused“拒绝”均不符合语境。 20.B【20题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：牛顿的故事告诉我们，即使是一个虚弱的婴儿，如果有好奇心和决心，也能成长为伟大的科学家。根据全文介绍牛顿的科学成就，可知他成为了伟大的科学家，应选用scientist表示“科学家”。farmer“农民”、teacher“老师”、reporter“记者”均不符合语境。 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Zhao Jiuzhang was an important scientist from China. He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program. Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang graduated from Tsinghua University at the age of 26. Two years later, he began his three-year doctoral studies at Humboldt University of Berlin in Germany. After getting his doctorate, he returned to China and became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US. It became one of the most famous theories in the history of meteorology (气象学) development and one of the basic theories of weather forecasting. After the first satellite in the world was sent into space in October 1957, Zhao called for the development of China’s satellites. In the following years, he not only led the scientific team to do a lot of research and basic work for China’s satellites, but personally carried on research in the field of space physics. On April 24, 1970, China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which carried his efforts, was sent into space. Regrettably, this scientific pioneer passed away before finishing his goals on October 26, 1968. In 2007, to remember the 100th year of Zhao Jiuzhang’s birth, the Chinese Academy of Sciences named asteroid (小行星) 7811 “Zhao Jiuzhang Star”. Today, China’s space science and technology have developed rapidly. Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered. ( ) 21. What is Zhao Jiuzhang known as according to the passage? A. The Father of Chinese Meteorology. B. The Father of China’s Satellites. C. The Pioneer of World Space Physics. D. The Founder of Tsinghua University. ( ) 22. When did Zhao Jiuzhang become a professor? A. In 1907. B. In 1937. C. In 1938. D. In 1946. ( ) 23. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Zhao Jiuzhang’s report. B. The University of Chicago. C. The theory of “planetary wave instability”. D. The history of meteorology development. ( ) 24. What is Zhao Jiuzhang like? A. Honest and active. B. Smart and humorous. C. Brave and helpful. D. Hard-working and great. ( ) 25. What’s the theme of this passage? A. Study and life. B. Sports and health. C. Travel and culture. D. Science and technology. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了“中国人造卫星之父”赵九章的生平与主要贡献：他提出重要气象学理论，领导并推动了中国首颗人造卫星“东方红一号”的研发工作。为纪念他，一颗小行星被命名为“赵九章星”。 21.B【21题详解】第一段“He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program.”直接表明，赵九章被称为“中国人造卫星之父”，选项B与之对应。 22.C【22题详解】第一段“Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang...became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University.”表明，赵九章成为国立西南联合大学的教授时31岁，即1938年。选项C与之对应。 23.C【23题详解】第二段“In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US.”表明，赵九章提出了行星波不稳定理论，下文中的it指代这个理论，选项C与之对应。 24.D【24题详解】第三段“In the following years, he not only...carried his efforts, was sent into space.”表明赵九章很努力，最后一段“Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered.”表明赵九章很伟大，选项D与之对应。 25.D【25题详解】结合全文，本文主要讲解了赵九章提出重要气象学理论，领导并推动了中国首颗人造卫星“东方红一号”的研发工作，属于科学与技术的主题，选项D与之对应。 B Marie Curie is one of the most famous scientists in history. She was born in Poland in 1867. At that time, women in Poland could not get a university education, so Marie left her hometown and went to Paris to study. In Paris, Marie studied physics and chemistry hard. She met Pierre Curie, a famous scientist, and they got married in 1895. Together, they began to study radioactive elements. In 1898, they discovered two new elements: polonium (named after Marie’s hometown) and radium. In 1903, Marie and Pierre Curie won the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. After Pierre’s death in 1906, Marie continued her research. ▲ In 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, becoming the first person to win two Nobel Prizes in different fields. During World War I, Marie used her knowledge of radium to help soldiers. She invented mobile X-ray machines, which helped doctors find bullets in soldiers’ bodies. She also trained nurses to use these machines. Marie Curie died in 1934 because of cancer caused by long-term exposure to radioactive elements. Her work has influenced scientists all over the world, and she is still a role model for women in science. ( ) 26. Why did Marie Curie go to Paris to study? A. Because she wanted to meet Pierre Curie. B. Because women in Poland couldn’t attend university. C. Because Paris had the best science labs. D. Because her parents worked in Paris. ( ) 27. Which sentence can be put into the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A. She was very sad but didn’t give up. B. She decided to move back to Poland. C. She stopped studying radioactive elements. D. She married another scientist. ( ) 28. How did Marie Curie help soldiers during World War I? A. She gave them radium pills. B. She invented mobile X-ray machines. C. She treated their cancer. D. She built hospitals for them. ( ) 29. What do we know about Marie Curie from the text? A. She won two Nobel Prizes in the same field. B. She discovered radium alone in 1898. C. She died at the age of 67. D. She named polonium after Paris. ( ) 30. What is the best title for the text? A. A Great Woman Scientist. B. The History of Nobel Prizes. C. Radioactive Elements. D. World War I and Science. 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了著名科学家居里夫人的生平事迹。 26.B【26题详解】第一段提到：“At that time, women in Poland could not get a university education, so Marie left her hometown and went to Paris to study.”，直接点明居里夫人去巴黎求学的原因是当时波兰的女子无法接受大学教育。 27.A【27题详解】第三段提到：“After Pierre’s death in 1906, Marie continued her research.”，结合后文她再次获得诺贝尔奖的内容，可知此处应填“她非常悲伤但没有放弃”，与上下文逻辑一致。 28.B【28题详解】第四段提到：“During World War I, Marie used her knowledge of radium to help soldiers. She invented mobile X-ray machines, which helped doctors find bullets in soldiers’ bodies.”，直接点明居里夫人帮助士兵的方式是发明了移动式X光机。 29.C【29题详解】第一段提到居里夫人出生于1867年，第五段提到她于1934年去世，1934-1867=67，可知她去世时67岁。 30.A【30题详解】全文围绕居里夫人的生平与科学成就展开，“A Great Woman Scientist”最贴合文章主旨。 C Du Mengran, a great Chinese scientist known as “Deep-Sea Diver (潜水者)” by Nature, has become a role model for many young people. She was born in a small city in Shandong Province. From an early age, she was curious about the deep sea. She often read books and asked her parents questions about it. This strong love planted the seed for her future scientific career. Du’s love for science led her to study hard. She did well in math and biology at school. After graduating from high school, she went to a famous university to study sea science. During her college years, she not only mastered professional knowledge but also joined the school’s ocean exploration club. She spent countless weekends in the laboratory, studying seawater samples and the habits of deep-sea organisms (有机物). Even when ‘experiments failed repeatedly, she never lost heart. She just kept trying again and again, day and night. Du Mengran’s success comes from her hard work. Her work focuses on deep-sea divingand how to explore the ocean. She studies the systems of fluids (液体) that seep (渗透) from the sea floor, and even came up with a new idea about how deep-sea creatures live. This idea has helped make underwater technologies better. Up to December 2025, she has gone on over 30 deep-sea dives. She has used China’s own underwater machines like “Jiaolong”, “Shenhai Yongshi” and “Fendouzhe”. In 2022, she started a program to explore the deepest parts of the world’s oceans. She led teams from China and Indonesia to discover two new hot-water activity areas in the Java Trench. In 2024, she helped create a machine that can read DNA in the deep sea. In 2025, she also tested China’s first deep-sea gamma radiation detector (伽玛辐射探测器). On December 8th, Du was named one of the 2025 Top 10 Scientists by Nature magazine’s website. This is a great honor for her and Chinese science. Her contributions make the world know more about China’s deep-sea research strength. Du’s journey shows that curiosity, hard work, and courage can turn dreams into reality. She inspires (鼓舞) young people to work for science and explore the unknown. ( ) 31. What first made Du Mengran interested in the deep sea? A. A school science project. B. Her parents’ jobs. C. Her childhood curiosity. D. A famous scientist’s story. ( ) 32. What did Du Mengran do during her college years? A. She mainly focused on studying physics. B. She discovered a new deep-sea creature species. C. She joined a club and did experiments in the lab. D. She started her own deep-sea exploration company. ( ) 33. What is Du Mengran’s attitude towards failure in experiments? A. Curious. B. Patient. C. Creative. D. Careful. ( ) 34. Which of the following is True about Du’s work? A. Her research has nothing to do with underwater technologies. B. She found two new hot-water activity areas in the Java Trench alone. C. She has done less than 30 deep-sea dives by December 2025. D. Her new idea about deep-sea creatures helps improve related technologies. ( ) 35. Which can be used to describe Du Mengran? A. A bookworm. B. A dream-follower. C. A survivor. D. A lucky winner. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了中国优秀科学家杜梦然的成长经历、科研成就以及她对年轻人的鼓舞作用。 31.C【31题详解】第一段明确指出：“From an early age, she was curious about the deep sea.”。这直接说明是她童年的好奇心让她对深海产生了兴趣。 32.C【32题详解】根据第二段中“During her college years, she not only mastered professional knowledge but also joined the school’s ocean exploration club. She spent countless weekends in the laboratory, studying seawater samples...”可知，她加入了俱乐部并在实验室做实验。 33.B【33题详解】根据第二段中“Even when experiments failed repeatedly, she never lost heart. She just kept trying again and again, day and night.”可知，她对实验失败表现出了极大的耐心，不轻易放弃。 34.D【34题详解】第三段指出：“She studies... and even came up with a new idea about how deep-sea creatures live. This idea has helped make underwater technologies better.”。这与选项D“她关于深海生物的新想法有助于改进相关技术”相符。 35.B【35题详解】根据最后一段中“Du’s journey shows that curiosity, hard work, and courage can turn dreams into reality.”可知，她是一个追逐梦想的人。选项B“A dream-follower”（追梦者）符合文意。 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Wang Chengshu was a world-class scientist. Someone said her achievements (成就) might lead her to a Nobel Prize. But for her motherland, she chose to work as an unknown member. Wang was born in Shanghai in 1912. From a young age, she was very clever and had a strong interest in physics and maths. In 1930, she entered college to study physics. She always came top in the class. In 1941, she went to the US for further study. Later, Wang became a well-known physics. Wang lived a comfortable and successful life in the US, but she was deeply concerned about China’s development, so she returned to China in 1956. In 1958, China planned to study a new kind of technology. Facing the unknown, Wang took on the task bravely, saying, “I am willing to do that.” After two years of hard work, she and her team made it. In 1961, Wang was given a new task that had to do with China’s first atomic bomb (原子弹). To carry out the task, she needed to disappear from the public eye. Without thinking twice, she answered , “ I am willing to do that.” After completing the task, however, another one followed, and she had to keep working secretly. Once again, she gave the answer, “I am willing to do that.” Wang devoted herself to China’s development. Although she had many achievements and honors (荣誉), she didn’t care about them. She thought that she just did what she should do. Wang’s deep love for the country and her great spirit still encourage Chinese people to this day. 36. When and where was Wang Chengshu born? 37. What subjects was Wang Chengshu interested in when she was young? 38. Why did Wang Chengshu come back to China in 1956? 39. What did Wang Chengshu say when she took on the tasks from her motherland? 40. What was Wang Chengshu’s attitude (态度) to her achievements and honors ? 【主旨大意】 短文介绍了世界级科学家王承书。她科研成果斐然，本有机会斩获诺贝尔奖，却甘愿隐姓埋名为祖国奉献。她自幼天资聪慧、酷爱数理，赴美深造后已是知名物理学者。心系祖国发展的她 1956 年毅然回国，先后勇敢承接新型技术、首枚原子弹研发等秘密艰巨任务，每次都毫不犹豫表态愿意担当。她毕生投身国家建设，看淡功绩荣誉，这份深厚的爱国情怀与崇高精神至今仍激励着国人。 36.She was born in Shanghai in 1912./ She was born in China in 1912./ In Shanghai in 1912./ In 1912 in Shanghai./ Shanghai,1912./ 1912, Shanghai.【解析】根据“Wang was born in Shanghai in 1912.”可知答案。 37.She was interested in physics and maths./ She had interest in physics and maths./ Physics and maths.【解析】根据“From a young age, she was very clever and had a strong interest in physics and maths. ”可知答案。 38.Because she was deeply concerned about China’s development./ Because she deeply cared about China’s development./ Because she wanted to devote herself to China’s development./ Because she loved her motherland and wanted to work for her./ Because she loved China./ Because she loved her motherland./ To be concerned about China’s development.【解析】根据“Wang lived a comfortable and successful life in the US, but she was deeply concerned about China’s development, so she returned to China in 1956.”可知答案。 39.She said she was willing to do that./ She said, “ I am willing to do that.”/ “I am willing to do that.”/ I am willing to do that./ I'm willing to do that.【解析】根据“Facing the unknown, Wang took on the task bravely, saying, “I am willing to do that.””可知答案。 40She didn’t care about them. She thought that she just did what she should do./ She didn’t care about them./ She thought that she just did what she should do.【解析】根据“Although she had many achievements and honors (荣誉), she didn’t care about them. She thought that she just did what she should do. ”可知答案。 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 41. My b is that hard work pays off. 42. She made o achievements in science. 43. Li Bai is a famous ancient Chinese p . 44. Climate change will have a serious i on farming. 45. He made a c effort to finish homework quickly. 41. belief 42. outstanding 43. poet 44. impact 45. concentrated B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46. 她除了是作家，还是一位知名画家。 being a writer, she is also a famous painter. 47. 跑完步他伸手去拿一杯水。 He a glass of water after running. 48. 你必须为自己的梦想奋力拼搏。 You have to your dreams. 49. 爷爷喜欢晚饭后散步。 My grandpa walking after dinner. 50. 她设计这栋房子时把安全放在首要考量。 She designed the house safety . 46. In addition to 47. reached for 48. fight for 49. is fond of 50. with; in mind 六、单元语法（用给出的词改写成一句话）(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51. We can finish the task on time. I'm certain about it. (certain) 52. You gave up the chance. I am surprised at this thing.(surprised) 53. He has moved to another city. I'm unaware of this.(unaware) 54. My best friend is coming to see me. I'm excited about this.(excited) 55. We'll be late for school. I'm worried about it.(worried) 51. I'm certain that we can finish the task on time. 52. I'm surprised that you gave up the chance. 53. I’m unaware that he has moved to another city. 54. I'm excited that my best friend is coming to see me. 55. I'm worried that we'll be late for school. 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) Shen Kuo was a 56 (science) of the Northern Song Dynasty. He did well in many fields, such as maths, physics, chemistry and 57 (medicine) science. He also made great contributions to art and literature. One of his most famous works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》). In 1040, when Shen Kuo was nine, he took an interest in reading. His mother was a learned person and she influenced the boy 58 (great). When he was eleven, Shen Kuo started receiving formal (正式的) education and reading became one of his daily activities. One year later, his family moved to a different city. On the way, he learned 59 the outside world was like. While in his 60 (thirty), Shen Kuo often dreamed about a hill. In the dreams, the top of the hill was covered with beautiful flowers. A river flowed quietly and there were trees along the river. Later, when travelling around, Shen Kuo was surprised 61 (find) a piece of land that looked exactly like the hill in his dreams. He loved the place so much that he stayed there for 62 rest of his life. The book Brush Talks from Dream Brook 63 (write) there. Although Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago, his work Brush Talks from Dream Brook still has a profound influence 64 modern science and research. This scientific work has been translated into a number of different languages, 65 (include) English, French, German and Japanese. 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了北宋科学家沈括的生平与成就，包括他广泛的学术领域、早年学习经历、梦中山丘化为现实并在此撰写《梦溪笔谈》的故事，以及该著作对现代科学的深远影响。 56. scientist【56题详解】句意：沈括是北宋的一位科学家。括号内science为名词“科学”，此处需要指人的名词“科学家”，且前面有冠词a，故填单数名词scientist。 57. medical【57题详解】句意：他在许多领域都表现出色，例如数学、物理、化学和医学。括号内medicine为名词“医学”，此处需要形容词修饰名词science，medical 意为“医学的”。 58. greatly【58题详解】句意：他的母亲是一个有学问的人，她对沈括影响很大。括号内great为形容词，此处需要副词修饰动词influenced，greatly意为“极大地”。 59. what【59题详解】句意：在路上，他了解了外面的世界是什么样子。动词learned后接宾语从句，从句中like缺少宾语，what在从句中作like的宾语，表示“……的样子”。故填what。 60. thirties 【60题详解】句意：在他三十多岁时，沈括经常梦见一座山丘。固定搭配in one’s+整十数复数形式表示“在某人几十多岁时”，thirty的复数为thirties。 61. to find 【61题详解】句意：后来，在旅行途中，沈括惊讶地发现一块土地看起来和他梦中的山丘一模一样。形容词surprised后常接动词不定式，构成be surprised to do sth.，表示“惊讶地做某事”。故填to find。 62. the【62题详解】句意：他非常喜欢那个地方，以至于他在那里度过了他的余生。固定搭配the rest of one’s life意为“某人的余生”，the不能省略。故填the。 63. was written【63题详解】句意：《梦溪笔谈》就是在那里写成的。主语The book与write之间为被动关系，且描述过去事实，故用一般过去时被动语态；主语为单数，助动词用was，write的过去分词为 written。故填was written。 64. on【64题详解】句意：他的著作《梦溪笔谈》仍然对现代科学和研究有着深远的影响。固定搭配influence on意为“对……的影响”。故填on。 65. including【65题详解】句意：这部科学著作已被翻译成多种不同的语言，包括英语、法语、德语和日语。括号内include为动词，此处需要介词表示“包括”，用于列举例子，including为正确形式。 八、书面表达(10分) 假如你是李华，你校上周举办了“科学家精神进校园”（Bringing the Spirit of Scientists to Campus）活动。请为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Bringing the Spirit of Scientists to Campus ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Bringing the Spirit of Scientists to Campus To deepen students’ understanding of the spirit of scientists as well as stimulating our interest and love for science, an activity was held in our school last week. The activity began with a fascinating lecture given by a renowned scientist. Then followed an exhibition where we explored some scientists’ life stories. There was a hands-on experience by doing interesting scientific experiments in our science laboratories. The activity was highly spoken of. It successfully instilled the spirit of scientists in the students. 【详解】写作步骤 ［第一步：审题立意］ 确定文体：应用文，用一般过去时为主 明确要点：活动目的、活动内容和活动反响 确定人称：第三人称和第一人称（we） 注意事项：词数80左右 ［第二步：构思布局］ 三段式结构： 开头段：表明活动目的 主体段：介绍活动内容 结尾段：描述活动反响 ［第三步：要点展开］ 要点一：活动目的 宗旨目的：deepening students’ understanding/stimulating our interest and love for science 要点二：活动内容 活动设置：lecture/exhibition 喜欢原因：fun/interesting/helpful/easy to learn 等 具体说明：teacher tells us stories/teacher is kind/learn useful knowledge/make friends 要点三：活动反响： 活动评价：highly spoken of/instilled the spirit 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $