内容正文:
外研版九上Unit 5词汇备课
1. drop /drɒp/ v. 降低
近义词: decrease, fall, decline, lower
反义词: rise, increase, grow
词性转换: drop n. 滴;下降
固定搭配: drop by/in 顺便拜访;drop out 退出
例句: Without humans, the noise would drop greatly.
翻译: 如果没有人类,噪音会大大降低。
练习题:
1. The temperature will ________ (drop) to zero tonight. → 答案: drop
2. There was a sharp ________ (drop) in sales. → 答案: drop
2. tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ n. 游客
近义词: visitor, traveler, sightseer
反义词: local, resident
词性转换: tourism n. 旅游业;tour v. 旅游
固定搭配: tourist attraction 旅游景点
例句: Tourists disappear from beaches and seas.
翻译: 游客从海滩和海边消失了。
练习题:
1. Millions of ________ (tour) visit Paris every year. → 答案: tourists
2. The island’s ________ (tour) industry is growing. → 答案: tourism
3. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统
近义词: biome, environment, habitat
词性转换: ecological adj. 生态的
固定搭配: marine ecosystem 海洋生态系统
例句: Ecosystems would start to balance again.
翻译: 生态系统会重新开始平衡。
练习题:
1. The ________ (ecology) balance is very important. → 答案: ecological
2. We must protect the ________ (ecosystem) of the rainforest. → 答案: ecosystem
4. balance /ˈbæləns/ v. (使)平稳,(使)保持平衡;n. 平衡
近义词: equilibrium, stability, harmony
反义词: imbalance, instability
词性转换: balanced adj. 平衡的
固定搭配: keep one’s balance 保持平衡;lose one’s balance 失去平衡
例句: Ecosystems would start to balance again.
翻译: 生态系统会重新开始平衡。
练习题:
1. She tried to keep her ________ (balance) on the bike. → 答案: balance
2. A ________ (balance) diet is good for health. → 答案: balanced
5. smog /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾
近义词: fog, haze, pollution
反义词: clear air
词性转换: smoggy adj. 烟雾弥漫的
固定搭配: heavy smog 浓雾
例句: The natural wonders hidden behind smog would appear again.
翻译: 隐藏在烟雾后面的自然奇观会再次出现。
练习题:
1. The city is often covered in ________ (smog). → 答案: smog
2. It is very ________ (smog) today. → 答案: smoggy
6. admire /ədˈmaɪə/ v. 欣赏,观赏
近义词: appreciate, respect, adore
反义词: despise, dislike
词性转换: admiration n. 钦佩;admirable adj. 令人钦佩的
固定搭配: admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩某人
例句: There wouldn’t be people to admire such an amazing world.
翻译: 将没有人来欣赏这样一个神奇的世界。
练习题:
1. I have great ________ (admire) for her courage. → 答案: admiration
2. His behavior is ________ (admire). → 答案: admirable
7. mark /mɑːk/ n. 痕迹;标记
近义词: sign, trace, symbol, spot
词性转换: marked adj. 明显的;mark v. 做标记
固定搭配: question mark 问号;make one’s mark 留下印记
例句: Throughout history, humans have left so many marks on the earth.
翻译: 在整个人类历史上,人们在地球上留下了太多痕迹。
练习题:
1. The flood left its ________ (mark) on the village. → 答案: marks
2. She ________ (mark) the page with a bookmark. → 答案: marked
8. farmland /ˈfɑːmlænd/ n. 农田,耕地
近义词: cropland, field, agricultural land
反义词: wasteland, desert
词性转换: farm n. 农场;farmer n. 农民
固定搭配: fertile farmland 肥沃的农田
例句: Forests would grow in the space that people now use for farmland.
翻译: 森林会在人们现在用作农田的地方生长。
练习题:
1. The ________ (farm) are working in the field. → 答案: farmers
2. Much ________ (farm) has been lost to development. → 答案: farmland
9. rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 快速的,迅速的
近义词: fast, quick, swift, speedy
反义词: slow, gradual
词性转换: rapidly adv. 迅速地;rapidity n. 快速
固定搭配: rapid growth 快速增长
例句: The rapid development of human society has made us care less for nature.
翻译: 人类社会的快速发展让我们不那么关心自然。
练习题:
1. The city is growing ________ (rapid). → 答案: rapidly
2. The ________ (rapid) of change is surprising. → 答案: rapidity
10. society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会
近义词: community, civilization, culture
词性转换: social adj. 社会的;socially adv. 社会地
固定搭配: modern society 现代社会
例句: The rapid development of human society has made us care less for nature.
翻译: 人类社会的快速发展让我们不那么关心自然。
练习题:
1. We live in a multicultural ________ (society). → 答案: society
2. ________ (social) media plays a big role in our lives. → 答案: Social
11. till /tɪl/ conj. 直到
近义词: until
反义词: after, since
固定搭配: from morning till night 从早到晚
例句: We can’t wait till imagination becomes reality.
翻译: 我们不能等到想象变成现实。
练习题:
1. Wait ________ (till/until) I come back. → 答案: till/until
2. He worked from dawn ________ dusk. → 答案: till
12. cancel /ˈkænsəl/ v. 取消
近义词: call off, withdraw, annul
反义词: confirm, schedule
词性转换: cancellation n. 取消
固定搭配: cancel a meeting 取消会议
例句: We can’t cancel it and start over.
翻译: 我们不能取消它然后重新开始。
练习题:
1. The flight was ________ (cancel) due to bad weather. → 答案: cancelled
2. We received a ________ (cancel) notice this morning. → 答案: cancellation
13. permit /pəˈmɪt/ v. 允许;使成为可能
近义词: allow, let, authorize
反义词: forbid, prohibit
词性转换: permission n. 允许;permissible adj. 可允许的
固定搭配: permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
例句: Let us permit nature to have her way.
翻译: 让我们顺其自然。
练习题:
1. You need ________ (permit) to park here. → 答案: permission
2. Smoking is not ________ (permit) in this building. → 答案: permitted
14. organisation /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n. 组织,团体,机构
近义词: group, association, institution
词性转换: organise v. 组织;organiser n. 组织者
固定搭配: a charitable organisation 慈善组织
例句: Some people and organisations are harming the environment.
翻译: 一些人和组织正在危害环境。
练习题:
1. She works for an international ________ (organise). → 答案: organisation
2. They ________ (organise) a meeting yesterday. → 答案: organised
15. harm /hɑːm/ v. 损害;危害;伤害
近义词: hurt, damage, injure
反义词: benefit, protect
词性转换: harmful adj. 有害的;harmless adj. 无害的
固定搭配: do harm to 对……有害
例句: Some people and organisations are harming the environment.
翻译: 一些人和组织正在危害环境。
练习题:
1. Smoking is ________ (harm) to your health. → 答案: harmful
2. The storm did great ________ (harm) to the crops. → 答案: harm
16. punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ n. 惩罚手段;处罚
近义词: penalty, discipline, consequence
反义词: reward, praise
词性转换: punish v. 惩罚;punishable adj. 应受惩罚的
固定搭配: severe punishment 严厉惩罚
例句: There should be punishment for people who harm the environment.
翻译: 应该对那些危害环境的人进行惩罚。
练习题:
1. The boy was ________ (punish) for being late. → 答案: punished
2. The ________ (punish) should fit the crime. → 答案: punishment
17. global /ˈɡləʊbəl/ adj. 全球的,全世界的
近义词: worldwide, international, universal
反义词: local, regional
词性转换: globe n. 地球;globally adv. 全球地
固定搭配: global warming 全球变暖
例句: Sea animals that can’t live with higher temperatures are suffering from global warming.
翻译: 无法忍受更高温度的海洋动物正遭受全球变暖的影响。
练习题:
1. The ________ (globe) economy is changing. → 答案: global
2. The problem must be solved ________ (global). → 答案: globally
18. overfishing /ˌəʊvəˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n. 过度捕捞
近义词: excessive fishing
反义词: sustainable fishing
词性转换: overfish v. 过度捕捞
固定搭配: stop overfishing 停止过度捕捞
例句: Overfishing is the main cause of this.
翻译: 过度捕捞是主要原因。
练习题:
1. If we ________ (overfish) the ocean, fish will disappear. → 答案: overfish
2. ________ (overfish) is a serious threat to marine life. → 答案: Overfishing
19. greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n. 温室,暖房
近义词: glasshouse, hothouse
固定搭配: greenhouse gas 温室气体
例句: We must use green energy that produces little or no greenhouse gases.
翻译: 我们必须使用产生极少或不产生温室气体的绿色能源。
练习题:
1. ________ (green) gases cause global warming. → 答案: Greenhouse
2. Plants grow well in a ________ (greenhouse). → 答案: greenhouse
20. gas /ɡæs/ n. 气,气体
近义词: vapor, air, fume
反义词: solid, liquid
词性转换: gaseous adj. 气态的
固定搭配: natural gas 天然气;gas station 加油站
例句: Greenhouse gases are harmful to the environment.
翻译: 温室气体对环境有害。
练习题:
1. The balloon is filled with ________ (gas). → 答案: gas
2. Water becomes ________ (gas) when it boils. → 答案: gaseous
21. control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. 控制,限制
近义词: manage, regulate, direct
反义词: lose, release
词性转换: controllable adj. 可控的;controller n. 控制者
固定搭配: be in control 在控制中;out of control 失控
例句: Sea pollution should be controlled.
翻译: 海洋污染应该被控制。
练习题:
1. The traffic lights ________ (control) the flow of cars. → 答案: control
2. The fire was ________ (control) after two hours. → 答案: controlled
22. rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾,废弃物
近义词: garbage, waste, trash, litter
反义词: treasure
词性转换: rubbishy adj. 垃圾的
固定搭配: throw away rubbish 扔垃圾
例句: People must stop throwing rubbish into the oceans.
翻译: 人们必须停止向海洋扔垃圾。
练习题:
1. Please take out the ________ (rubbish). → 答案: rubbish
2. Don’t ________ (rubbish) the environment. → 答案: rubbish(动词:批评)
23. cartoonist /kɑːˈtuːnɪst/ n. 漫画家
近义词: animator, illustrator, artist
词性转换: cartoon n. 卡通;cartooning n. 卡通创作
固定搭配: a famous cartoonist 著名漫画家
例句: The cartoonist drew a funny picture.
翻译: 漫画家画了一幅有趣的画。
练习题:
1. She loves watching ________ (cartoon). → 答案: cartoons
2. He wants to be a ________ (cartoon) when he grows up. → 答案: cartoonist
24. logging /ˈlɒɡɪŋ/ n. 伐木
近义词: deforestation, cutting
反义词: reforestation
词性转换: log v. 砍伐;log n. 原木
固定搭配: illegal logging 非法伐木
例句: Logging in rainforests is usually against the law.
翻译: 在雨林中伐木通常是违法的。
练习题:
1. They ________ (log) hundreds of trees yesterday. → 答案: logged
2. ________ (log) destroys animal habitats. → 答案: Logging
25. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. 警报;警报器
近义词: warning, signal, alert
反义词: all-clear
词性转换: alarming adj. 令人惊慌的
固定搭配: sound the alarm 拉响警报
例句: When it hears the sound of cutting trees, it sends an alarm.
翻译: 当它听到砍树的声音时,它会发出警报。
练习题:
1. The ________ (alarm) rang at 6 am. → 答案: alarm
2. The news is ________ (alarm). → 答案: alarming
26. foreigner /ˈfɒrɪnə/ n. 外国人
近义词: outsider, stranger, immigrant
反义词: local, native
词性转换: foreign adj. 外国的
固定搭配: friendly foreigners 友好的外国人
例句: Some foreigners believe that pandas are kept as pets in China.
翻译: 一些外国人认为熊猫在中国被当作宠物养。
练习题:
1. She speaks two ________ (foreign) languages. → 答案: foreign
2. Many ________ (foreign) visit China every year. → 答案: foreigners
27. logo /ˈləʊɡəʊ/ n. 标识,标志,徽标
近义词: symbol, emblem, sign, badge
固定搭配: company logo 公司标志
例句: The WWF was looking for an animal as its logo.
翻译: 世界自然基金会在寻找一种动物作为它的标志。
练习题:
1. The ________ (logo) of the brand is well-known. → 答案: logo
2. She designed a new ________ (logo) for the team. → 答案: logo
28. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒危的,濒于灭绝的
近义词: threatened, at risk
反义词: safe, thriving
词性转换: endanger v. 危及;danger n. 危险
固定搭配: endangered species 濒危物种
例句: The panda was an endangered animal.
翻译: 熊猫曾经是濒危动物。
练习题:
1. Pollution ________ (endanger) many species. → 答案: endangers
2. The ________ (endanger) animals need our protection. → 答案: endangered
29. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ adj. 脆弱的;易受伤的
近义词: weak, fragile, defenseless
反义词: strong, protected
词性转换: vulnerability n. 脆弱
固定搭配: vulnerable to sth 易受某物伤害
例句: The panda was moved from endangered to vulnerable.
翻译: 熊猫从濒危变为易危。
练习题:
1. The ________ (vulnerable) of children makes them need protection. → 答案: vulnerability
2. Old people are more ________ (vulnerable) to cold. → 答案: vulnerable
30. worldwide /ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/ adv. 世界各地
近义词: globally, internationally
反义词: locally
词性转换: world n. 世界;wide adj. 宽的
固定搭配: known worldwide 世界闻名的
例句: The panda has become popular worldwide.
翻译: 熊猫已在世界各地变得受欢迎。
练习题:
1. The product is sold ________ (world). → 答案: worldwide
2. The news spread ________ (worldwide) within hours. → 答案: worldwide
31. protection /prəˈtekʃən/ n. 保护
近义词: defense, security, safety
反义词: threat, danger
词性转换: protect v. 保护;protective adj. 保护的
固定搭配: under protection 在保护下
例句: Increased education has played an important role in protection.
翻译: 教育水平的提高在保护中起了重要作用。
练习题:
1. We must ________ (protect) the environment. → 答案: protect
2. She is very ________ (protect) of her children. → 答案: protective
32. environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj. 自然环境的
近义词: ecological, natural
词性转换: environment n. 环境;environmentally adv. 环境地
固定搭配: environmental protection 环境保护
例句: With a better understanding of environmental protection, farmers help the ecosystem.
翻译: 有了对环境保护更好的理解,农民们帮助了生态系统。
练习题:
1. We live in a healthy ________ (environment). → 答案: environment
2. ________ (environment) pollution is a serious issue. → 答案: Environmental
33. population /ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən/ n. 人口;动植物的总数
近义词: inhabitants, residents, community
词性转换: populate v. 居住于;populous adj. 人口稠密的
固定搭配: population growth 人口增长
例句: The panda’s neighbours have also increased greatly in population.
翻译: 熊猫的邻居数量也大大增加了。
练习题:
1. The city has a large ________ (populate). → 答案: population
2. The area is ________ (populate) by many species. → 答案: populated
34. undoubtedly /ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/ adv. 毫无疑问地,确定无疑地
近义词: certainly, definitely, surely
反义词: possibly, doubtfully
词性转换: doubt n. 怀疑;undoubted adj. 无疑的
固定搭配: undoubtedly true 毫无疑问是真实的
例句: Protecting pandas is undoubtedly helpful to the survival of a whole ecosystem.
翻译: 保护熊猫无疑有助于整个生态系统的生存。
练习题:
1. There is no ________ (doubt) that he is right. → 答案: doubt
2. She is ________ (undoubted) the best player. → 答案: undoubtedly
35. survival /səˈvaɪvəl/ n. 继续生存;幸存
近义词: existence, living, endurance
反义词: death, extinction
词性转换: survive v. 幸存;survivor n. 幸存者
固定搭配: fight for survival 为生存而战
例句: Protecting pandas is helpful to the survival of a whole ecosystem.
翻译: 保护熊猫有助于整个生态系统的生存。
练习题:
1. Only two people ________ (survive) the accident. → 答案: survived
2. The ________ (survive) of the species depends on us. → 答案: survival
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