八上预习作业03 副词的比较级与最高级（新知精练）-2026年新八年级英语暑假预习作业（新教材译林版）

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-句型-应用-易错”为逻辑链，系统构建副词比较级与最高级方法体系，通过分层训练提升语言运用能力与思维精准度。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识复盘|6类规则+4大易错点|“标志词判断法”“词性区分法”|从概念到构成规则，再到句型与特殊用法，形成完整认知链| |基础过关|10单选+10完成句子|构成规则应用、句型套用|直接考查核心知识点，强化基础运用| |能力进阶|1完形+3阅读+1回答问题|语境中辨析副词等级|综合运用知识解决语篇问题，提升思维品质| |拓展培优|1七选五|语篇中副词逻辑衔接|从单句到语篇，培养综合语言能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03 副词的比较级与最高级 知识复盘 一、基本概念 副词用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，比较级 / 最高级用于比较动作的程度、方式、速度等。 二、构成规则 类别 变化规则 教材原词例句 与形容词同形的副词 变化规则与形容词完全一致 fast→faster→fastest; hard→harder→hardest; early→earlier→earliest; late→later→latest 以 - ly 结尾的副词（除 early 外） 前面加 more/most quickly→more quickly→most quickly; carefully→more carefully→most carefully; slowly→more slowly→most slowly 不规则副词 无规律变化，单独记忆 well→better→best; badly→worse→worst; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 三、完整句型结构 1. 比较级：A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 教材原句：Millie reads faster than Sandy. 2. 最高级：A + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 范围 教材原句：She writes (the) most carefully in our class. 四、特殊用法 1. 副词最高级前的定冠词 the 可以省略 2. 副词比较级前可加修饰词：much, a little, even, far 例：He runs much faster than me. 3. 表示 “越来越……”：副词比较级 + and + 副词比较级 例：He is running faster and faster. 五、运用方法 1. 修饰动词时用副词，修饰名词时用形容词 例：He is a hard worker.（形容词修饰名词）; He works hard.（副词修饰动词） 2. 看到 than 用比较级，看到 in/of/among 等范围词用最高级 六、易错易混概念 1. hard/hardly 混淆： 错误 He works hardly. → 正确 He works hard.（hard 作副词意为 “努力地”；hardly 意为 “几乎不”） 2. badly 的比较级错误： 错误 badlier → 正确 worse 3. 形容词 / 副词混淆： 错误 He writes careful. → 正确 He writes carefully. 4. late/lately 混淆：late 作副词意为 “晚、迟”；lately 意为 “最近、近来” 例：He arrived late.; I haven't seen him lately. 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Who runs ______ in your class? —Tom does. He always wins the 100-meter race. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the faster 2. My sister dances ______ than me. She practices every day. A. more beautiful B. more beautifully C. beautiful D. beautifully 3. —Did you sleep ______ last night? —No, I didn't. I had a bad headache. A. good B. well C. better D. best 4. The plane flies ______ than the train. A. much faster B. more faster C. much fast D. more fast 5. He speaks English ______ of all the students in his group. A. most clearly B. more clearly C. clearly D. clearest 6. —Why didn't you come to the party yesterday? —I got up too ______. A. lately B. late C. later D. latest 7. The harder you study, the ______ you will learn. A. well B. better C. best D. good 8. —Can you hear me? —Sorry, I can ______ hear you. Please speak louder. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 9. Which country has ______ population in the world? A. the largest B. largest C. larger D. large 10. Our teacher always tells us to write as ______ as possible. A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully 二、完成句子： 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1. 他比我跳得高。 He jumps ______ than me. 2. 在我们班，她唱歌最好听。 She sings ______ in our class. 3. 请说得慢一点，我跟不上你。 Please speak ______. I can't follow you. 4. 雨下得越来越大了。 It is raining ______ and ______. 5. 他学习比以前更努力了。 He studies ______ than before. 6. 谁在你们学校画画画得最好？ Who draws ______ in your school? 7. 我几乎不认识他。 I ______ know him. 8. 她英语说得比我好。 She speaks English ______ than me. 9. 他们昨天到校最晚。 They got to school ______ yesterday. 10. 你应该更认真地听老师讲课。 You should listen to the teacher ______. 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School Sports Day Last Friday, our school had a sports day. All the students were very excited. We had many different races and games. The students trained very 1 for the sports day. The first race was the 100-meter race. All the runners ran very 2 . Tom ran 3 of all. He crossed the finish line first and won the gold medal. His classmates cheered 4 for him. Next was the long jump. Peter jumped 5 than any other student. He jumped 6 of all the students. He jumped 6.5 meters. That was a new school record. Then came the 400-meter race. Millie ran 7 than Sandy, but Amy ran 8 of all. Amy was very happy because she won her first gold medal. In the afternoon, we had the relay race. Our class ran 9 than Class 3. We were very proud of ourselves. The sports day ended at 4 o'clock. Everyone went home 10 . We all had a wonderful time. 1. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 2. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 3. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 4. A. loud B. louder C. loudest D. loudly 5. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further 6. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further 7. A. well B. better C. best D. good 8. A. well B. better C. best D. good 9. A. quick B. quicker C. more quickly D. most quickly 10. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. happily 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Fastest Animals on Land Do you know which animals run the fastest on land? Here is some information about them. The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world. It can run up to 112 kilometers per hour. Cheetahs can run very fast for short distances. They use their speed to catch other animals for food. The second fastest land animal is the pronghorn. It can run up to 98 kilometers per hour. Pronghorns can run fast for longer distances than cheetahs. They can run at high speed for several kilometers. The lion is also a very fast runner. It can run up to 80 kilometers per hour. Lions are good hunters. They work together to catch their food. The ostrich is the largest bird in the world. It cannot fly, but it can run very fast. It can run up to 70 kilometers per hour. Ostriches have long legs that help them run fast. 1. Which is the fastest land animal in the world? A. The cheetah. B. The pronghorn. C. The lion. D. The ostrich. 2. How fast can a pronghorn run? A. Up to 112 kilometers per hour. B. Up to 98 kilometers per hour. C. Up to 80 kilometers per hour. D. Up to 70 kilometers per hour. 3. Which animal can run fast for longer distances? A. The cheetah. B. The pronghorn. C. The lion. D. The ostrich. 4. What helps ostriches run fast? A. Their wings. B. Their long legs. C. Their strong bodies. D. Their sharp eyes. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How animals catch food. B. The largest bird in the world. C. The fastest animals on land. D. Different kinds of animals. B Our School Reading Competition Last week, our school held a reading competition. The competition was to see who could read the fastest and understand the passage best. Many students took part in it. The competition had three rounds. In the first round, the students read a short passage and answered some questions. The students who answered the most questions correctly went to the second round. In the second round, the students read a longer passage. They had to read it as fast as possible. The ten students who read the fastest went to the final round. In the final round, the students read a very difficult passage. They had to read it carefully and answer some difficult questions. The student who answered the most questions correctly and read the fastest would be the winner. Li Ming won the competition. He read the passage more carefully than any other student. He also read very fast. His teacher was very proud of him. Li Ming said he practiced reading every day. He read for at least one hour every evening. 1. What was the reading competition about? A. Who could read the most books. B. Who could read the fastest and understand best. C. Who could read the most difficult passage. D. Who could read the loudest. 2. How many rounds were there in the competition? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What did the students have to do in the second round? A. Read a short passage and answer questions. B. Read a longer passage as fast as possible. C. Read a difficult passage and answer questions. D. Read a book and tell a story. 4. Who won the competition? A. Li Ming. B. The teacher. C. Ten students. D. We don't know. 5. What can we learn from Li Ming? A. We should read every day. B. We should read fast only. C. We should read difficult books only. D. We should read for one hour every morning. C How to Study English Well Many students want to learn English well, but they don't know how. Here are some good ways to study English. First, you should listen to the teacher carefully in class. Take notes and ask questions if you don't understand. The more carefully you listen, the more you will learn. Second, you should speak English as much as possible. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. The more you speak, the better your English will be. Third, you should read English every day. You can read newspapers, magazines or storybooks. Reading helps you learn new words and improve your grammar. Fourth, you should write English as often as possible. You can keep a diary in English or write emails to your pen friends. Writing helps you remember what you have learned. Finally, you should practice more. Practice makes perfect. If you study hard and practice more, you will learn English well. 1. How many ways to study English are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. What should you do if you don't understand in class? A. Keep quiet. B. Ask the teacher questions. C. Ask your classmates after class. D. Read the book again. 3. What does "Practice makes perfect" mean in Chinese? A. 熟能生巧 B. 实践出真知 C. 勤能补拙 D. 学以致用 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. B. We should be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English. C. Reading helps us learn new words. D. Writing helps us remember what we have learned. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Speak English Well B. How to Read English Well C. How to Study English Well D. How to Write English Well 三、回答问题： 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。1-4题答题字数8词内，第5题15词内。 Our School Science Fair Last month, our school held a science fair. All the students in Grade 8 took part in it. We had to make a science project and show it to the teachers and other students. My project was about how plants grow. I planted three bean seeds in three different pots. I gave the first pot the most water, the second pot a little water, and the third pot no water. I put all the pots in the same place where they could get enough sunlight. I watered the plants every day. I watched them carefully and wrote down what happened. After two weeks, the first pot's plant grew the tallest and the greenest. The second pot's plant grew a little shorter. The third pot's plant didn't grow at all. I learned that plants need water to grow. They also need sunlight. I presented my project to the class. My teacher said I did very well. I won the third prize in the science fair. I had a great time at the science fair. I learned a lot about science. I want to take part in the next science fair and do better. 1. When did the school hold the science fair? 2. What was the writer's project about? 3. How many bean seeds did the writer plant? 4. Which pot's plant grew the tallest? 5. What did the writer learn from the project? 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、七选五： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be a Good Runner Running is a good way to keep healthy. Many people like running. But do you know how to run well? Here are some tips for you. 1. Warm up before running Before you start running, you should warm up first. 1. ______ This helps you avoid getting hurt. 2. Run with the right posture When you run, you should keep your head up and your back straight. 2. ______ Don't run with your shoulders hunched. 3. Breathe correctly 3. ______ You should breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. Try to breathe regularly. 4. Start slowly Don't run too fast at the beginning. 4. ______ You can run faster and longer as you get better. 5. Cool down after running After you finish running, you should walk for a few minutes. 5. ______ This helps your body relax. If you follow these tips, you will run better and stay healthy. A. You can do some stretching exercises. B. You should breathe deeply and regularly. C. You should start with a slow jog. D. You should drink a lot of water. E. You should relax your shoulders. F. You should run as fast as possible. G. You can also do some light exercises. 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03 副词的比较级与最高级 知识复盘 一、基本概念 副词用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，比较级 / 最高级用于比较动作的程度、方式、速度等。 二、构成规则 类别 变化规则 教材原词例句 与形容词同形的副词 变化规则与形容词完全一致 fast→faster→fastest; hard→harder→hardest; early→earlier→earliest; late→later→latest 以 - ly 结尾的副词（除 early 外） 前面加 more/most quickly→more quickly→most quickly; carefully→more carefully→most carefully; slowly→more slowly→most slowly 不规则副词 无规律变化，单独记忆 well→better→best; badly→worse→worst; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 三、完整句型结构 1. 比较级：A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 教材原句：Millie reads faster than Sandy. 2. 最高级：A + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 范围 教材原句：She writes (the) most carefully in our class. 四、特殊用法 1. 副词最高级前的定冠词 the 可以省略 2. 副词比较级前可加修饰词：much, a little, even, far 例：He runs much faster than me. 3. 表示 “越来越……”：副词比较级 + and + 副词比较级 例：He is running faster and faster. 五、运用方法 1. 修饰动词时用副词，修饰名词时用形容词 例：He is a hard worker.（形容词修饰名词）; He works hard.（副词修饰动词） 2. 看到 than 用比较级，看到 in/of/among 等范围词用最高级 六、易错易混概念 1. hard/hardly 混淆： 错误 He works hardly. → 正确 He works hard.（hard 作副词意为 “努力地”；hardly 意为 “几乎不”） 2. badly 的比较级错误： 错误 badlier → 正确 worse 3. 形容词 / 副词混淆： 错误 He writes careful. → 正确 He writes carefully. 4. late/lately 混淆：late 作副词意为 “晚、迟”；lately 意为 “最近、近来” 例：He arrived late.; I haven't seen him lately. 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Who runs ______ in your class? —Tom does. He always wins the 100-meter race. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the faster 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你们班谁跑得最快？—— 汤姆。他总是赢得 100 米赛跑。本题中 "in your class"（在你们班里）表示三者及以上的范围，需要用副词的最高级形式来修饰动词 runs。副词最高级前的定冠词 the 可以省略。故填 fastest。 2. My sister dances ______ than me. She practices every day. A. more beautiful B. more beautifully C. beautiful D. beautifully 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我姐姐跳舞比我跳得好。她每天都练习。本题中 "than"（比）是比较级的标志词，且空格处需要修饰动词 dances，因此要用副词的比较级形式。beautiful 是多音节形容词，其副词形式是 beautifully，比较级为 more beautifully。故填 more beautifully。 3. —Did you sleep ______ last night? —No, I didn't. I had a bad headache. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你昨晚睡得好吗？—— 不，我睡得不好。我头疼得厉害。本题中没有比较对象，只是询问昨晚睡得好不好，需要用副词原级修饰动词 sleep。good 是形容词，不能修饰动词；well 作副词时表示 "好地"，可以修饰动词。故填 well。 4. The plane flies ______ than the train. A. much faster B. more faster C. much fast D. more fast 【答案】A 【解析】句意：飞机比火车快得多。本题中 "than" 是比较级的标志词，fast 的比较级是 faster。much 可以用来修饰比较级，表示 "…… 得多"，加强程度。故填 much faster。 5. He speaks English ______ of all the students in his group. A. most clearly B. more clearly C. clearly D. clearest 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在他小组的所有学生中，他英语说得最清楚。本题中 "of all the students in his group"（在他小组的所有学生中）表示三者及以上的范围，需要用最高级形式。空格处修饰动词 speaks，因此要用副词 clearly 的最高级 most clearly。故填 most clearly。 6. —Why didn't you come to the party yesterday? —I got up too ______. A. lately B. late C. later D. latest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你昨天为什么没来参加聚会？—— 我起得太晚了。本题中 "too"（太）后面接形容词或副词的原级。根据句意，这里表示 "起得晚"，需要用副词 late。lately 表示 "最近"，不符合句意。故填 late。 7. The harder you study, the ______ you will learn. A. well B. better C. best D. good 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你学习越努力，你就会学得越好。本题考查固定句型 "the + 比较级，the + 比较级"，表示 "越……，就越……"。空格处修饰动词 learn，需要用副词 well 的比较级 better。故填 better。 8. —Can you hear me? —Sorry, I can ______ hear you. Please speak louder. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你能听到我说话吗？—— 对不起，我几乎听不到你说话。请说大声一点。根据答语 "Please speak louder"（请说大声一点）可知，说话人几乎听不到对方的声音。hardly 是一个否定副词，表示 "几乎不"，符合句意。故填 hardly。 9. Which country has ______ population in the world? A. the largest B. largest C. larger D. large 【答案】A 【解析】句意：世界上哪个国家人口最多？本题中 "in the world"（在世界上）表示三者及以上的范围，需要用形容词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the。表示 "人口多" 要用 large，不能用 many 或 much。故填 the largest。 10. Our teacher always tells us to write as ______ as possible. A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们的老师总是告诉我们要尽可能写得仔细。本题考查固定结构 "as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as possible"，表示 "尽可能……"。空格处修饰动词 write，需要用副词原级 carefully。故填 carefully。 二、完成句子： 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1. 他比我跳得高。 He jumps ______ than me. 【答案】higher 【解析】句意：他比我跳得高。句中有 than，需用副词比较级。high 作副词表示 “高地”，比较级直接加 er 为 higher，修饰动词 jumps。 2. 在我们班，她唱歌最好听。 She sings ______ in our class. 【答案】best 【解析】句意：在我们班，她唱歌最好听。范围 in our class（三者以上），需用副词最高级。well 作副词表示 “好地”，修饰动词 sings，其最高级为 best。 3. 请说得慢一点，我跟不上你。 Please speak ______. I can't follow you. 【答案】more slowly 【解析】句意：请说得慢一点，我跟不上你。需用副词修饰动词 speak，slow 的副词形式是 slowly；“更慢一点” 用比较级，多音节副词 slowly 的比较级为 more slowly。 4. 雨下得越来越大了。 It is raining ______ and ______. 【答案】more; more heavily 【解析】句意：雨下得越来越大了。“越来越...” 的结构是 “比较级 + and + 比较级”。rain heavily（雨下得大），heavily 是多音节副词，比较级为 more heavily，故填 more; more heavily。 5. 他学习比以前更努力了。 He studies ______ than before. 【答案】harder 【解析】句意：他学习比以前更努力了。句中有 than，需用副词比较级。hard 作副词表示 “努力地”，比较级直接加 er 为 harder，修饰动词 studies。注意：hardly 意为 “几乎不”，与句意不符。 6. 谁在你们学校画画画得最好？ Who draws ______ in your school? 【答案】best 【解析】句意：谁在你们学校画画画得最好？范围 in your school（三者以上），需用副词最高级。well 作副词表示 “好地”，修饰动词 draws，其最高级为 best。 7. 我几乎不认识他。 I ______ know him. 【答案】hardly 【解析】句意：我几乎不认识他。hardly 是副词，意为 “几乎不”，修饰动词 know，符合句意。 8. 她英语说得比我好。 She speaks English ______ than me. 【答案】better 【解析】句意：她英语说得比我好。句中有 than，需用副词比较级。well 作副词表示 “好地”，修饰动词 speaks，其比较级为 better。 9. 他们昨天到校最晚。 They got to school ______ yesterday. 【答案】latest 【解析】句意：他们昨天到校最晚。表示三者以上的 “最晚”，需用副词最高级。late 作副词表示 “晚”，其最高级为 latest，修饰动词短语 got to school。 10. 你应该更认真地听老师讲课。 You should listen to the teacher ______. 【答案】more carefully 【解析】句意：你应该更认真地听老师讲课。需用副词修饰动词 listen，careful 的副词形式是 carefully；“更认真地” 用比较级，多音节副词 carefully 的比较级为 more carefully。 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School Sports Day Last Friday, our school had a sports day. All the students were very excited. We had many different races and games. The students trained very 1 for the sports day. The first race was the 100-meter race. All the runners ran very 2 . Tom ran 3 of all. He crossed the finish line first and won the gold medal. His classmates cheered 4 for him. Next was the long jump. Peter jumped 5 than any other student. He jumped 6 of all the students. He jumped 6.5 meters. That was a new school record. Then came the 400-meter race. Millie ran 7 than Sandy, but Amy ran 8 of all. Amy was very happy because she won her first gold medal. In the afternoon, we had the relay race. Our class ran 9 than Class 3. We were very proud of ourselves. The sports day ended at 4 o'clock. Everyone went home 10 . We all had a wonderful time. 1. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 2. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 3. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 4. A. loud B. louder C. loudest D. loudly 5. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further 6. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further 7. A. well B. better C. best D. good 8. A. well B. better C. best D. good 9. A. quick B. quicker C. more quickly D. most quickly 10. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. happily 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了上周五学校举办运动会的全过程，依次介绍了 100 米赛跑、跳远、400 米赛跑和接力赛等项目的比赛结果，展现了学生们积极参与、奋力拼搏的精神面貌，以及运动会带给大家的快乐与自豪感。 1. 句意：学生们为运动会训练得非常刻苦。very 后接副词原级；hard 作副词表示 “努力地”，hardly 意为 “几乎不”，不符合句意，故选 A。 2. 句意：所有赛跑选手都跑得非常快。very 后接副词原级；fast 作副词表示 “快地”，修饰动词 ran，故选 A。 3. 句意：汤姆在所有人中跑得最快。范围 “of all”（三者以上），需用副词最高级；fast 的最高级是 fastest，故选 C。 4. 句意：他的同学们为他大声欢呼。需用副词修饰动词 cheered；loudly 是副词，意为 “大声地”，故选 D。 5. 句意：彼得比其他任何学生跳得都远。句中有 than，需用副词比较级；表示具体距离 “更远” 用 farther，故选 B。 6. 句意：他在所有学生中跳得最远。范围 “of all”（三者以上），需用副词最高级；表示具体距离 “最远” 用 farthest，故选 C。 7. 句意：米莉跑得比桑迪好。句中有 than，需用副词比较级；well 作副词表示 “好地”，其比较级是 better，故选 B。 8. 句意：但埃米在所有人中跑得最好。范围 “of all”（三者以上），需用副词最高级；well 的最高级是 best，故选 C。 9. 句意：我们班比三班跑得更快。句中有 than，需用副词比较级；quick 的副词形式是 quickly，其比较级为 more quickly，修饰动词 ran，故选 C。 10. 句意：每个人都开心地回家了。需用副词修饰动词短语 went home；happily 是副词，意为 “开心地”，故选 D。 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Fastest Animals on Land Do you know which animals run the fastest on land? Here is some information about them. The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world. It can run up to 112 kilometers per hour. Cheetahs can run very fast for short distances. They use their speed to catch other animals for food. The second fastest land animal is the pronghorn. It can run up to 98 kilometers per hour. Pronghorns can run fast for longer distances than cheetahs. They can run at high speed for several kilometers. The lion is also a very fast runner. It can run up to 80 kilometers per hour. Lions are good hunters. They work together to catch their food. The ostrich is the largest bird in the world. It cannot fly, but it can run very fast. It can run up to 70 kilometers per hour. Ostriches have long legs that help them run fast. 1. Which is the fastest land animal in the world? A. The cheetah. B. The pronghorn. C. The lion. D. The ostrich. 2. How fast can a pronghorn run? A. Up to 112 kilometers per hour. B. Up to 98 kilometers per hour. C. Up to 80 kilometers per hour. D. Up to 70 kilometers per hour. 3. Which animal can run fast for longer distances? A. The cheetah. B. The pronghorn. C. The lion. D. The ostrich. 4. What helps ostriches run fast? A. Their wings. B. Their long legs. C. Their strong bodies. D. Their sharp eyes. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How animals catch food. B. The largest bird in the world. C. The fastest animals on land. D. Different kinds of animals. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 【解析】这是一篇科普说明文。文章以 "陆地上跑得最快的动物" 为主题，依次介绍了猎豹、叉角羚、狮子和鸵鸟这四种动物的奔跑速度及相关特点。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 "The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world." 可知，猎豹是世界上跑得最快的陆地动物。故选 A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 "It can run up to 98 kilometers per hour." 可知，叉角羚的奔跑速度可达每小时 98 公里。故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 "Pronghorns can run fast for longer distances than cheetahs." 可知，叉角羚能以较快速度跑更长的距离。故选 B。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 "Ostriches have long legs that help them run fast." 可知，长腿帮助鸵鸟跑得快。故选 B。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题即为核心主题，全文围绕陆地上跑得最快的几种动物展开介绍。故选 C。 B Our School Reading Competition Last week, our school held a reading competition. The competition was to see who could read the fastest and understand the passage best. Many students took part in it. The competition had three rounds. In the first round, the students read a short passage and answered some questions. The students who answered the most questions correctly went to the second round. In the second round, the students read a longer passage. They had to read it as fast as possible. The ten students who read the fastest went to the final round. In the final round, the students read a very difficult passage. They had to read it carefully and answer some difficult questions. The student who answered the most questions correctly and read the fastest would be the winner. Li Ming won the competition. He read the passage more carefully than any other student. He also read very fast. His teacher was very proud of him. Li Ming said he practiced reading every day. He read for at least one hour every evening. 1. What was the reading competition about? A. Who could read the most books. B. Who could read the fastest and understand best. C. Who could read the most difficult passage. D. Who could read the loudest. 2. How many rounds were there in the competition? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What did the students have to do in the second round? A. Read a short passage and answer questions. B. Read a longer passage as fast as possible. C. Read a difficult passage and answer questions. D. Read a book and tell a story. 4. Who won the competition? A. Li Ming. B. The teacher. C. Ten students. D. We don't know. 5. What can we learn from Li Ming? A. We should read every day. B. We should read fast only. C. We should read difficult books only. D. We should read for one hour every morning. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上周学校举办的一场阅读比赛，详细介绍了比赛的三轮赛制规则，以及获胜者李明的表现和他成功的原因，传达了坚持日常阅读的重要性。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 "The competition was to see who could read the fastest and understand the passage best." 可知，比赛的内容是比拼谁读得最快且对文章理解最好。故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 "The competition had three rounds." 可知，本次阅读比赛共有三轮。故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句 "In the second round, the students read a longer passage. They had to read it as fast as possible." 可知，第二轮要求学生尽可能快地阅读一篇更长的文章。故选 B。 4. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句 "Li Ming won the competition." 可知，李明赢得了本次比赛。故选 A。 5. 推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句 "Li Ming said he practiced reading every day. He read for at least one hour every evening." 可知，李明的成功源于每天坚持阅读，这是我们可以从他身上学到的品质。故选 A。 C How to Study English Well Many students want to learn English well, but they don't know how. Here are some good ways to study English. First, you should listen to the teacher carefully in class. Take notes and ask questions if you don't understand. The more carefully you listen, the more you will learn. Second, you should speak English as much as possible. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. The more you speak, the better your English will be. Third, you should read English every day. You can read newspapers, magazines or storybooks. Reading helps you learn new words and improve your grammar. Fourth, you should write English as often as possible. You can keep a diary in English or write emails to your pen friends. Writing helps you remember what you have learned. Finally, you should practice more. Practice makes perfect. If you study hard and practice more, you will learn English well. 1. How many ways to study English are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. What should you do if you don't understand in class? A. Keep quiet. B. Ask the teacher questions. C. Ask your classmates after class. D. Read the book again. 3. What does "Practice makes perfect" mean in Chinese? A. 熟能生巧 B. 实践出真知 C. 勤能补拙 D. 学以致用 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. B. We should be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English. C. Reading helps us learn new words. D. Writing helps us remember what we have learned. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Speak English Well B. How to Read English Well C. How to Study English Well D. How to Write English Well 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章针对很多学生想学好英语却不得其法的问题，从课堂听讲、大胆开口、每日阅读、坚持写作和多加练习五个方面，给出了具体、可操作的英语学习建议。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中 First、Second、Third、Fourth、Finally 五个连接词可知，文章共提到了五种学好英语的方法。故选 C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 "Take notes and ask questions if you don't understand." 可知，课堂上有不懂的地方应该向老师提问。故选 B。 3. 词义猜测题。"Practice makes perfect" 是经典英语谚语，字面意为 "练习造就完美"，对应中文成语 "熟能生巧"。故选 A。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 "Don't be afraid of making mistakes." 可知，说英语时不要害怕犯错，B 选项表述与原文相反。故选 B。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题即为全文核心主题，通篇围绕 "如何学好英语" 展开，分点介绍了具体方法。故选 C。 三、回答问题： 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。1-4题答题字数8词内，第5题15词内。 Our School Science Fair Last month, our school held a science fair. All the students in Grade 8 took part in it. We had to make a science project and show it to the teachers and other students. My project was about how plants grow. I planted three bean seeds in three different pots. I gave the first pot the most water, the second pot a little water, and the third pot no water. I put all the pots in the same place where they could get enough sunlight. I watered the plants every day. I watched them carefully and wrote down what happened. After two weeks, the first pot's plant grew the tallest and the greenest. The second pot's plant grew a little shorter. The third pot's plant didn't grow at all. I learned that plants need water to grow. They also need sunlight. I presented my project to the class. My teacher said I did very well. I won the third prize in the science fair. I had a great time at the science fair. I learned a lot about science. I want to take part in the next science fair and do better. 1. When did the school hold the science fair? 2. What was the writer's project about? 3. How many bean seeds did the writer plant? 4. Which pot's plant grew the tallest? 5. What did the writer learn from the project? 【答案】 1. Last month. 2. How plants grow. 3. Three. 4. The first pot's. 5. Plants need water and sunlight to grow. 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加学校上个月举办的科学展，通过做植物生长对比实验获得三等奖，并从中了解到植物生长所需条件的经历。 1. 题目意思：学校什么时候举办了科学展？根据原文第一段第一句 "Last month, our school held a science fair." 可知答案。 2. 题目意思：作者的项目是关于什么的？根据原文第二段第一句 "My project was about how plants grow." 可知答案。 3. 题目意思：作者种了多少颗豆子？根据原文第二段第二句 "I planted three bean seeds in three different pots." 可知答案。 4. 题目意思：哪个盆里的植物长得最高？根据原文第三段第三句 "the first pot's plant grew the tallest and the greenest." 可知答案。 5. 题目意思：作者从这个项目中学到了什么？根据原文第四段第一、二句 "I learned that plants need water to grow. They also need sunlight." 可知答案。 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、七选五： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be a Good Runner Running is a good way to keep healthy. Many people like running. But do you know how to run well? Here are some tips for you. 1. Warm up before running Before you start running, you should warm up first. 1. ______ This helps you avoid getting hurt. 2. Run with the right posture When you run, you should keep your head up and your back straight. 2. ______ Don't run with your shoulders hunched. 3. Breathe correctly 3. ______ You should breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. Try to breathe regularly. 4. Start slowly Don't run too fast at the beginning. 4. ______ You can run faster and longer as you get better. 5. Cool down after running After you finish running, you should walk for a few minutes. 5. ______ This helps your body relax. If you follow these tips, you will run better and stay healthy. A. You can do some stretching exercises. B. You should breathe deeply and regularly. C. You should start with a slow jog. D. You should drink a lot of water. E. You should relax your shoulders. F. You should run as fast as possible. G. You can also do some light exercises. 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. B 4. C 5. G 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章针对如何成为优秀的跑步者，从跑前热身、正确姿势、呼吸方法、起步速度和跑后放松五个方面，给出了具体实用的建议。 1. 句意：跑步前你应该先热身。你可以做一些拉伸运动。这能帮你避免受伤。根据本段主题 "Warm up before running"，拉伸运动是标准的热身动作，符合语境。 2. 句意：跑步时应抬头挺胸。你应该放松肩膀。不要耸肩跑。根据后文 "Don't run with your shoulders hunched"，此处专门说明肩膀的正确姿势，E 选项与之直接呼应。 3. 句意：你应该深呼吸并有规律地呼吸。你应该用鼻吸气、用嘴呼气，尽量保持呼吸规律。根据本段主题 "Breathe correctly"，B 选项总述正确呼吸的核心要求，与后文 "breathe regularly" 完全一致。 4. 句意：一开始不要跑太快。你应该从慢跑开始。随着水平提高，你可以跑得更快更远。根据本段主题 "Start slowly"，C 选项完美契合 "循序渐进、慢速起步" 的原则。 5. 句意：跑完步后你应该走几分钟。你也可以做一些轻度运动。这能帮助你的身体放松。根据本段主题 "Cool down after running"，"also" 承接前文的 "walk for a few minutes"，补充了另一种有效的跑后放松方式。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $