专题 09 完形填空&阅读理解（专项训练）五升六年级英语暑假专项提升（外研版一起）

专题09 完形填空 & 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 （一）完形填空 第一步：通读全文，圈时态，定全文基调（30 秒） 核心：圈时间标志词，锁定整篇文章时态 ① 一般过去时：before/yesterday/last year/ago/was/were/did → 动词用过去式 (drove/had/lived/bought/went) ② 一般现在时：every day/often/usually/now → 主语三单，动词变三单 (goes/has/wears) ③ 一般将来时：tomorrow/this summer/will → will + 动词原形 小口诀：看见过去标志全变过去式，will 后面永远原形，三单主语动词 + s/es。 首句不挖空，首句 = 文章主旨，所有答案不能偏离首句话题。 第二步：逐空拆解，4 大维度精准判答案（核心得分步骤） 1. 看词性 + 空格前后，快速定词（对标选词填空技巧） 空格位置 填什么词 本册例子 主语后 谓语动词（变时态 / 三单 / 过去式） He ____ a driver before.(was) 介词 (in/on/at/for/from) 后 名词 /doing be good at making；borrow books from 名词前面 形容词 / 物主代词 my bag、heavy wheel、Chinese food 动词 / 介词后面 人称宾格 (me/him/her/them) buy a gift for him 2. 优先固定搭配 be home、have got、take photos、have a good time、buy…for…、lots of、 get up、put…on…、borrow…from…、show…to… 看到搭配关键词直接秒选，不用纠结词义。 3. 上下文逻辑推理 转折 but：前面 old→后面 new；before small→now big 因果 because：不能带筷子，because家人是中国人 顺序词 First/Next/Then/Finally：制作手工、做饭类完形 原词复现：前文出现 summer，后文大概率选 hot/wear shorts 4. 名词单复数变形 a/an + 单数；many/thousands of/some + 复数；four/wheels→wheels 第三步：不确定选项用排除法 时态错误直接划掉（now 不能用 went；yesterday 不能用 goes） 搭配错误直接排除（at 后面不能接 to；be good 后不能用 in） 常识排除：夏天不会穿 coat，冬天不会 wear shorts 第四步：全部填完，回读全文检查 把答案代入短文，通读一遍：时态统一、语句通顺、逻辑连贯才算正确；出现前后矛盾立刻修改。 （二）阅读理解 解题口诀：先看题划关键词→回原文定位→比对原文做答案 第一步：审题圈词（30 秒） 圈题干关键词：who (人物)、when (时间)、where (地点)、what (事件)、数字、时态词 (did/was)，明确找什么信息。 例：What did Amy eat yesterday？圈：Amy、eat、yesterday 第二步：速读原文，定位画线 不用逐词翻译，看到圈出关键词立刻划线原句，答案就在划线句附近。 第三步：对照原文答题 判断 / 选择题：原文一致 = T / 选对；细节不符 = F / 排除 任务填空：优先抄原文原词，注意时态、单复数。 分题型专项解题技巧 题型 1：阅读判断 True (T)/False (F) T 技巧：题干句子 = 原文原句 / 同义改写（如 walk=on foot） F 五大坑点（高频错因） ① 时态偷换：原文过去式 (did)，题目改成现在 (do)→F ② 名词单复数：books 改成 book→F ③ 张冠李戴：A 做的事安在 B 身上→F ④ 词语反义：happy→sad、big→small→F ⑤ 无中生有：文中没出现的信息一律 F 提醒：没提到≠正确，没提到一律 F 题型 2：单项选择 细节题（80%）：关键词定位法 题干关键词→原文找原句，原句信息匹配即为答案； 排除法：选项出现 all/never/must 绝对词大概率错误 同义替换是正确答案标志：原文 have→eat、go to plane→by plane 四类高频小题答题技巧 1. 细节题 标志：what/who/when/where/how many 技巧：关键词定位，答案就近原句 2. 推理题 标志：What can we learn? / From the story we know… 技巧：不凭常识瞎猜，全部依据原文；和原文一模一样的选项一般不是推理答案 3. 词义猜测题 生词看前后句： 后文 for example/like 举例； but 前后反义；and 前后同义 4. 主旨题（选标题 / 大意） 看首尾段 + 每段第一句，高频答案：反复出现的名词就是文章主题。 小试牛刀 1、 完形填空。 （一） My grandma and grandpa 1._______ young forty years ago. Grandma 2._______ a flute player and played Chinese music every day. Grandpa 3._______ a train driver, so he 4._______ trains from Monday to Friday. Now they are old and don’t 5._______ . My aunt 6._______ in a big fruit shop, and my father works 7._______ an office. He always 8._______ to work early by subway. ( ) 1. A.is B.was C.are D.were ( ) 2. A.is B.was C.are D.were ( ) 3. A.was B.were C.is D.are ( ) 4. A.drive B.drives C.drove D.driving ( ) 5. A.working B.works C.work D.worked ( ) 6. A.work B.works C.worked D.working ( ) 7. A.in B.on C.at D.for ( ) 8. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go （二） There are four 1._______ in a year. Each season has three months. The first season is 2._______. There are three months in it. They are March, April and May. It's warm in spring. We can see the baby ducks. There are flowers on the trees. The second season is summer. The three months are from 3._______ to August. The weather is very hot and it often rains. We can go swimming. The third season is autumn. The three months are September, October and November. It's cool. The 4._______ fall from the trees. We can play with them. I like winter. The weather is very 5._______ . Sometimes it snows. We can go skiing and make a snowman. ( ) 1.A.season B.seasons C. months ( ) 2.A.spring B.January C. winter ( ) 3.A.July B.June C. September ( ) 4.A. leave B. leaves C. leaf ( ) 5.A.cloudy B.cool C.cold （三） I usually 1._______ an English breakfast at seven every morning, but yesterday I 2._______ Chinese beef noodles at home. Fish and chips 3._______ a famous traditional English 4._______. We often have lunch 5._______ half past twelve at school. Last Sunday, my mum 6._______ a nice Chinese dish for all the family. It 7._______ really delicious. ( ) 1. A.have B.has C.had D.having ( ) 2. A.have B.has C.had D.will have ( ) 3. A.is B.are C.was D.were ( ) 4. A.book B.dish C.toy D.clothes ( ) 5. A.in B.on C.at D.for ( ) 6. A.cook B.cooks C.cooked D.will cook ( ) 7. A.is B.was C.are D.were （四） 1._______, can you tell me the way to the city library? I want 2._______ some interesting storybooks and I plan 3._______ them to my deskmate after reading. The library tells us we must give books back 4._______ three days. It is not 5._______ to borrow ten books at one time. I 6._______ lots of animal picture cards and I’ll 7._______ my cards to my friends later. ( ) 1. A.Sorry B.Excuse me C.Hi D .Goodbye ( ) 2. A.borrow B.to borrow C.borrows D.borrowing ( ) 3. A.show B.shows C.to show D.showed ( ) 4. A.in B.on C.at D.after ( ) 5. A.easy B.difficult C.heavy D.light ( ) 6. A.have B.has C.had D.will have ( ) 7. A.show B.shows C.showed D.showing （五） I 1._______ in Jinan with my whole family. In spring, it gets warm and lots of colourful flowers grow 2._______ the trees. I like 3._______ kites outside with my best friends. This summer will be very hot, so I can 4._______ shorts and go swimming in the pool. Autumn is cool. I often 5._______ with fallen leaves in the park. Winter is my 6._______ season. It is cold and sometimes it snows. I 7._______ a big snowman with my friends last winter and I 8._______ another one this winter holiday. ( ) 1. A.live B.lives C.lived D.living ( ) 2. A.in B.on C.at D.to ( ) 3. A.fly B.to fly C.flies D.flew ( ) 4. A.wear B.wears C.wore D.wearing ( ) 5. A.play B.plays C.played D.playing ( ) 6. A.like B.best C.favourite D.good ( ) 7. A.make B.makes C.made D.will make ( ) 8. A.make B.made C.will make D.makes （六） Look at the small crocodile. It eats food 1._______ its mouth. —2._______ is your new black schoolbag? —Eighty yuan. But my small paper kite 3._______, it is broken. It 4._______ easy for Chinese children to use chopsticks. Don’t 5._______ your toys 6._______ your school. My schoolbag is heavy, yours is 7._______. ( ) 1. A.in B.with C.on D.at ( ) 2. A.How many B.How much C.How old D.How long ( ) 3. A.break B.breaks C.is broken D.broken ( ) 4. A.is B.are C.was D.were ( ) 5. A.takes B.take C.to take D.taking ( ) 6. A.to B.for C.in D.on ( ) 7. A.heavy B.light C.broken D.new （七） 1._______ visitors come to Stonehenge every year. It is 2._______ very old place with a long history. There are beautiful wild flowers 3._______ the top of the hill near it. Last summer my parents and I 4._______ there for our holiday. We 5._______ many nice photos. We can 6._______ photos and 7._______ our friends at the gate next time. We 8._______ a wonderful time on that trip. ( ) 1.A.Thousand B.Thousands C.Thousands of D.A thousand of ( ) 2. A.a B.an C.the D./ ( ) 3. A.in B.on C.at D.for ( ) 4. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go ( ) 5. A.take B.takes C.took D.taking ( ) 6. A.take B.takes C.took D.taking ( ) 7. A.wait B.waits C.waited D.waiting ( ) 8. A.have B.has C.had D.will have （八） Father’s Day is coming soon. Let’s 1._______ a paper kite for my dad. —2._______ wonderful idea! 3._______ making a colourful paper card too? I 4._______ the small gift on the big box tomorrow morning. I 5._______ my cousin yesterday and asked him to come to our family party. He said he 6._______bring some funny chopsticks as presents. We 7._______ very happy and we 8._______ a good time on that special day. ( ) 1. A.make B.makes C.made D.making ( ) 2. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a ( ) 3. A.What about B.Why C.Where D.When ( ) 4. A.put B.puts C.will put D.putted ( ) 5. A.call B.calls C.called D.will call ( ) 6. A.will B.would C.is D.are ( ) 7. A.are B.were C.will be D.be ( ) 8. A.have B.had C.will have D.has 2、 阅读理解。 （一） Yesterday was Saturday. Daming got up early in the morning. He had two eggs and a glass of warm milk for his breakfast. It was healthy food. At twelve o’clock, he had tomato and egg noodles for lunch at home. They were very delicious. In the past, Daming often ate fast food for dinner. But yesterday evening, his mother cooked traditional English food—fish and chips. However, Daming did not like fish at all. So his mum cooked rice and beef for him. He had a happy and healthy eating day yesterday. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. Daming had bread and milk for breakfast yesterday. ( ) 2. Daming ate noodles for his lunch. ( ) 3. Fish and chips is traditional English food. ( ) 4. Daming likes eating fish very much. ( ) 5. Daming ate rice and beef for dinner yesterday. （二） Many useful things have a long history. Paper is one of the greatest inventions in the world. People invented paper in China thousands of years ago. Before people had paper, they wrote important words on bamboo or wood. It was very hard to carry and keep. Later, paper came out and changed people’s life. People also invented bikes a long time ago. The first bike was invented in 1817. The old bikes were very heavy and slow. They were not easy to ride. But modern bikes are light, fast and easy for people to ride. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. People invented paper in England. ( ) 2. People wrote on bamboo before paper was invented. ( ) 3. The first bike was invented in 1817. ( ) 4. The old bikes were very heavy. ( ) 5. Modern bikes are difficult to ride. （三） Yang Liwei is a great Chinese taikonaut. He is the first Chinese man to fly into space. In October 2003, he took the Shenzhou-5 spaceship and went into space successfully. He stayed in space for about 21 hours. During the space trip, he did many useful things. He took photos of space and made a short video. He saw many bright stars and our beautiful earth in space. After his flight, lots of people watched his video on TV and felt very proud. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. Yang Liwei went into space in 2013. ( ) 2. Yang Liwei is China’s first spaceman. ( ) 3. He stayed about 21 hours in space. ( ) 4. He didn’t make any videos in space. ( ) 5. Many people watched his space video on TV. （四） A man eats dates(枣) There is a young man. One day,he buys many pears and dates at the market. An old man sees the young man and says, "Eating too many pears is good for your teeth,but bad for your spleen(脾).” The young man asks, "How about the dates?" The old man says,"The dates are good for your spleen, but bad for your teeth." The young man thinks for a while and says,"I can chew (咀嚼) pears, but don't swallow(咽下) them. I can swallow dates without (不) chewing them." Then the young man puts a date into his mouth and swallows it. Unluckily, he is choked(哽噎) by the date. (一)根据故事内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. The young man buys many pears and dates. ( ) 2. Pears are good for the man's head. ( ) 3. Dates are bad for the man's teeth. (二)根据故事内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 4. How does the man eat pears and dates? A.He chews pears and swallows them. B.He chews dates and swallows them. C. He chews pears but swallows dates. ( ) 5. The name of the story "A man eats dates" is "________" in Chinese. A.食不下咽 B.狼吞虎咽 C.囫囵吞枣 （五） What represents(象征) China? China has a long history of over 5,000 years. What could represent China in your eyes? The Great Wall represents China in my eyes. It is very long,and it's over 2,000 years old. I really hope I can go there and enjoy the fantastic views(景色) one day. —Daming In my opinion, the colour "red" can represent China. We can often see red in our lives, such as lanterns, firecrackers and paper cuttings. —Lingling In China,dumplings represent happiness and reunion(团聚). Families in China always get together and make dumplings during festivals. When they make dumplings, they talk and laugh. The food brings them happiness. —Fangfang I think the "dragon" can represent China. Chinese people love dragons. And we Chinese always see ourselves as "descendants (后代) of the dragon”. In China, the dragon means power. Parents hope we can become as strong as dragons. —Xiao Lin 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. What could represent China according to the passage? A. Lanterns. B. The Great Wall. C. Paper cuttings. ( ) 2. Daming wants to _________ one day. A. visit the Great Wall B. eat dumplings C. see the dragon ( ) 3. We can see red in _______. A.all the festivals B. Chinese dragons C.paper cuttings ( ) 4. Fangfang thinks dumplings represent _______ in China. A. families B. talking and laughing C. happiness and reunion ( ) 5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The dragon means power in China. B. Parents in China hope their children love dragons. C.We Chinese see ourselves as "descendants of the dragon". （六） Old Chinese people divided (划分) a year into 24 parts. They are "solar terms (节气)”.They tell people when the weather changes and when to farm. Lichun (Beginning of Spring) It is the first solar term.It is in February. Jingzhe（惊蛰） As the spring comes, the weather warms up. The rain falls and the thunder roars(雷声轰隆隆). Chinese people call this time of the year Jingzhe. This year,it falls on March 5th. It's time for all the animals to get up and find food! Farmers start the year's work. There is more sunshine and rain. That's good for plants to grow. What do we do around Jingzhe? Eating pears. It's getting warm around Jingzhe. Pears are sweet and juicy. Eating pears can be good for us. Some become festivals. Qingming People sweep tombs(扫墓), go out for picnics and fly kites. Some solar terms are about growing grains(谷物). Guyu It is in April, too. During this time,it rains a lot. It's important for grains to grow. Xiaoman It is in May. The grains are becoming full but are not ripe(成熟的) yet. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. There are ________ solar terms in a year in China. A.4 B.12 C.24 ( ) 2. It is time for animals to get up. The time is _______. A. Lichun B. Jingzhe C. Guyu around Jingzhe. ( ) 3. People usually _________. A.eat pears B.fly kites C. go out for picnics ( ) 4. ______ is an important festival. A. Lichun B. Jingzhe C. Qingming ( ) 5. The passage is about _______. A.growing grains B.solar terms C. the change of the weather （七） 阅读下面的书签制作过程，选择正确答案。 How to make an animal bookmark (书签) Things we need: 1.a piece of white paper 2.a pair of scissors 3.paints or crayons 4.a ribbon(彩带) Making steps（步骤）： 1.Draw a lovely animal on the paper. 2.Colour the animal with paints or crayons. 3. Cut out the animal with the scissors. 4.Make a small hole(洞) at the top of the animal. 5.Put the ribbon through the hole and tie it. 28 ( ) 1. How many things do we need to make the bookmark? A. Three. B. Four. C.Five. ( ) 2. Which one don't we need to make the bookmark? A.Crayons. B. Scissors. C. Animals. ( ) 3. Which is the third step of making the bookmark? ( ) 4. Why do we need a piece of white paper? A. We need to draw an animal on it. B. We can make a hole with it. C. We should write numbers on it. ( ) 5.Can you see 28 at the bottom(底部) of the page(页)? What does it tell us? A. The book is 28 yuan. B. There are 28 kinds of bookmarks. C. The making steps are on page 28. 参考答案 （一） 1. D.were： 解析：forty years ago（四十年前）为一般过去时；主语 grandma and grandpa 是两个人，复数用 were。 2. B.was： 解析：仍为过去时，grandma 单数，be 动词用 was。 3. A.was： 解析：过去时态，grandpa 单人单数，用 was。 4. C.drove： 解析：整篇讲述爷爷过去上班，一般过去时，drive→drove。 5. C.work： 解析：don’t 是助动词否定形式，后面必须加动词原形。 6. B.works： 解析：now 表现在，主语 my aunt 是三单，动词变三单 works。 7. A.in： 解析：固定搭配 in an office 在办公室里。 8. B.goes： 解析：always 一般现在时，he 三单，go→goes。 （二） 1. B.seasons： 解析：four（四个）+ 可数名词复数，season→seasons。 2. A.spring： 解析：后文 March、April、May（3、4、5 月）是春季 spring。 3. B.June： 解析：夏季 6、7、8 月，June 六月，August 八月。 4. B.leaves： 解析：谓语 fall 原形说明主语复数，leaf 树叶，复数不规则变化 leaves。 5. C.cold： 解析：冬天天气寒冷；cool 凉爽（秋天），cloudy 多云。 （三） 1. A.have： 解析：usually、every morning 一般现在时，主语 I，动词用原形。 2. C.had： 解析：yesterday 昨天，一般过去时，have→had。 3. A.is： 解析：Fish and chips（炸鱼薯条）是菜品名称，作单数概念，一般现在时用 is。 4. B.dish： 解析：炸鱼薯条是英国特色菜品 dish；book 书 /toy 玩具 /clothes 衣服均不符。 5. C.at： 解析：具体时间点 half past twelve（12:30）前介词用 at。 6. C.cooked： 解析：Last Sunday 上周日，过去时，cook→cooked。 7. B.was： 解析：讲述上周饭菜，过去时；it 单数，用 was。 （四） 1. B.Excuse me： 解析：英文问路固定礼貌用语；sorry 道歉，hi 打招呼，goodbye 再见。 2. B.to borrow： 解析：固定搭配 want to do sth. 想要做某事。 3. C.to show： 解析：固定搭配 plan to do sth. 计划做某事。 4. A.in： 解析：in + 一段时间，表示 “在…… 期限内”，in three days 三天之内还书。 5. A.easy： 解析：句意：一次性借十本书不容易；difficult 困难、heavy 重、light 轻不符合。 6. A.have： 解析：一般现在时，主语 I，动词原形。 7. A.show： 解析：will 情态动词后永远加动词原形。 （五） 1. A.live： 解析：常态居住，一般现在时，I + 动词原形。 2. B.on： 解析：长在树上的花果用 on the tree；外来物品在树上用 in the tree。 3. B.to fly： 解析：like 后可接 to do/doing，选项只有 to fly。 4. A.wear： 解析：can 情态动词 + 动词原形。 5. A.play： 解析：often 一般现在时，I + 原形。 6. C.favourite： 解析：favourite season 最喜欢的季节；like 动词不能修饰名词。 7. C.made： 解析：last winter 去年，过去时，make→made。 8. C.will make： 解析：this winter holiday 今年寒假，将来时 will + 原形。 （六） 1. B.with： 解析：with + 工具，用嘴巴吃东西；in 在里面。 2. B.How much： 解析：答句 80 yuan 价钱，how much 询问价格；how many 问数量。 3. C.is broken： 解析：be broken 表物品破损的状态；broken 不能单独作谓语。 4. A.is： 解析：固定句型 It is + 形容词 + for sb.。 5. B.take： 解析：Don’t + 动词原形，祈使句否定结构。 6. A.to： 解析：固定搭配 take…to… 把…… 带到某地。 7. B.light： 解析：heavy 重，反义词 light 轻。 （七） 1. C.Thousands of： 解析：固定短语 thousands of 成千上万；thousand 前有数字不加 s。 2. A.a： 解析：very 辅音音素开头，a very old place 一处古老的地方。 3. B.on： 解析：固定 on the top of 在…… 顶部。 4. C.went： 解析：Last summer 去年夏天，过去时 go→went。 5. C.took： 解析：过去时，take photos→took photos。 6. A.take： 解析：can + 动词原形。 7. A.wait： 解析：and 并列谓语，can 后原形。 8. C.had： 解析：那次旅行是过去，have→had。 （八） 1. A.make： 解析：Let’s + 动词原形，让我们做……。 2. B.What a： 解析：idea 可数单数，What a + 形容词 + 单数名词！感叹句。 3. A.What about： 解析：What about doing？提建议，做…… 怎么样？ 4. C.will put： 解析：tomorrow 明天，一般将来时 will + 原形。 5. C.called： 解析：yesterday 昨天，过去时 call→called。 6. B.would： 解析：主句 said 为过去式，从句用过去将来 would。 7. C.will be： 解析：节日还没到，将来时 will be。 8. C.will have： 解析：将来度过愉快时光，will have。 二、阅读理解。 （一） 1. F： 解析：原文 breakfast：two eggs+warm milk，没有 bread 面包。 2. T： 解析：原文 lunch：had tomato and egg noodles，和题干一致。 3. T： 解析：his mother cooked traditional English food—fish and chips。 4. F： 解析：Daming did not like fish at all 一点也不爱吃鱼。 5. T： 解析：mum cooked rice and beef for him，晚餐吃米饭牛肉。 （二） 1. F： 解析：People invented paper in China 在中国发明，不是 England 英国。 2. T： 解析：Before paper, wrote on bamboo，造纸前写在竹子上。 3. T： 解析：The first bike was invented in 1817 原文原句。 4. T： 解析：The old bikes were very heavy 老式自行车很重。 5. F： 解析：modern bikes…easy to ride 现代车好骑，题干 difficult 错误。 （三） 1. F： 解析：In October 2003 升空，不是 2013。 2. T： 解析：first Chinese man to fly into space 中国首位航天员。 3. T： 解析：stayed in space for about 21 hours 原文原句。 4. F： 解析：made a short video 拍了短片，题干 didn’t make 错误。 5. T： 解析：lots of people watched his video on TV。 （四） 1. T： 解析：he buys many pears and dates 原文原话。 2. F： 解析：pears good for your teeth 对牙齿好，不是 head 头部。 3. T： 解析：dates bad for your teeth 枣伤牙齿。 4. C： 解析：chew pears，swallow dates 嚼梨、吞枣。 5. C： 解析：成语囫囵吞枣。 （五） 1. B： 解析：Daming 写 The Great Wall；red、dumpling、dragon 是另外几人观点，只有长城为选项。 2. A： 解析：hope I can go to the Great Wall 想去长城。 3. C： 解析：see red…such as lanterns、paper cuttings 剪纸。 4. C： 解析：dumplings represent happiness and reunion 饺子象征幸福团圆。 5. B： 解析：Parents hope kids as strong as dragons 希望孩子强壮，不是爱龙，错误。 （六） 1. C： 解析：divided a year into24 parts→24 solar terms。 2. B： 解析：Jingzhe：animals get up 惊蛰万物苏醒。 3. A： 解析：Around Jingzhe eating pears 惊蛰吃梨。 4. C： 解析：Qingming 扫墓踏青，成为节日。 5. B： 解析：全文围绕 solar terms 二十四节气展开。 （七） 1. B： 解析：四样物品：白纸、剪刀、颜料、彩带，共 4 种。 2. C： 解析：只需要画动物，不需要准备现成动物。 3. A： 解析：第三步 Cut out the animal 用剪刀剪下图案。 4. A： 解析：Draw animal on the paper 用纸画图。 5. C： 解析：页面右下角 28 代表步骤在 28 页。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $