Unit 2语法素养练习2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语Unit 2语法素养分层练系统梳理情态动词should/could表建议和反身代词两大核心语法，搭建从“核心属性解析”到“用法场景归纳”再到“易错点提醒”的递进式学习支架，覆盖语法规则与应用要点。 清单通过“分层练习+知识模块关联”呈现体系，基础层夯实单空选择，能力层强化词形转换与单选，综合层融入语篇填空与句式转换，培养语言能力和学习能力。标注“should义务劝告”“could委婉建议”等核心属性及反身代词“人称+数一致”易错点，不同水平学生可针对性练习，教师可据此实施分层教学，提升教学实效。

Unit 2 语法素养分层练（全国适用） 【Unit 2 两大核心语法】 │ ├── 模块1：情态动词 should / could 表建议 │ ├── ▶ should 核心属性：[义务/劝告·主观确定] + 后接动原 │ │ ├── 肯定：You should rest if you have a fever. │ │ ├── 否定：shouldn't = 不应该（禁止/不建议） │ │ └── 疑问句：Should I...? 前置提至句首表征求意见 │ └── ▶ could 核心属性：[委婉可能/备选方案·不确定] 语气比can软 │ └── 常用场景：给别人出主意/提可选方案 │ e.g. You could borrow my umbrella if you don't have one. │ ├── 模块2：反身代词 │ ├── ▶ 构成规则 │ │ ├── 一二人称：形容词性物主代词 + self/selves → myself/yourselves/ourselves │ │ └── 三人称：宾格代词 + self/selves → himself/themselves │ ├── ▶ 4大常考用法 │ │ ├── ① 作动词宾语（主语宾语同一个人）→ enjoy/hurt/dress/teach + 反身代词 │ │ ├── ② 介词宾语固定搭配 → by oneself（独自）、help oneself to（自取）、enjoy oneself（玩得开心） │ │ ├── ③ 同位语（放名词/代词后强调「亲自/本人」）→ The president himself came. │ │ └── ④ 系动词后作表语 → feel like oneself（感觉舒服/正常）、be oneself（状态好） │ └── ▶ 易错提醒：反身代词必须和指代的主语「人称+数」完全一致，不能乱搭 │ └── 通用铁则：情态动词（should/could）后永远接动词原形，没有人称/数的变化（不加s/es） 基础层 一、选词填空（每空填should/shouldn't/could） 1. — My stomach hurts after drinking iced cola. — You ______ drink too much cold stuff next time. 2. The guide says we ______ arrive at the scenic spot before 8 a.m. to catch the sunrise. 3. — What ______ I do with this broken clock? — You ______ take it to the repair shop downstairs, or just buy a new one. 4. We ______ cut down too many trees, or animals will lose their homes. 5. It's raining now. We ______ go hiking this afternoon, maybe tomorrow is fine. 能力层 二、用括号内词的正确形式填空（每空1分） 6. My grandma lives alone, but she can take good care of ______ (she) every day. 7. Boys and girls, help ______ (you) to the homemade cookies on the plate, they're freshly baked! 8. I made this clay sculpture by ______ (I), it took me 3 hours to finish. 9. The little boy was so careless that he cut ______ (he) when he peeled the apple. 10. We enjoyed ______ (we) so much during the spring outing last weekend. 三、单选 11. — Who taught you to skate like that? — No one. I learned it by ______. A. myself B. my C. me D. mine 12. You ______ drive so fast on the rainy road, it's too dangerous. A. should B. could C. shouldn't D. couldn't 13. — ______ I bring my ID card to the museum tomorrow? — Yes, all visitors should. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Would 14. She is old enough to dress ______. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she 15. Which sentence uses the reflexive pronoun as an appositive (同位语·表强调)? A. He hurt himself when climbing the tree. B. The writer herself came to sign books for fans. C. We enjoyed ourselves at the party. D. You should believe in yourself. 综合层 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短信，选词填空： hould · shouldn't · could · myself · yourself · ourselves · themselves Hey Mia, I heard you failed the math quiz. Don't be sad! You 16.______ review the wrong questions first, and you 17.______ ask our math teacher for help after class if you don't get them. Don't push 18.______ too hard, okay? We 19.______ compare our answers tonight, I can bring my notebook over. And you know, we 20.______ spend all night on games, we still have physics homework to do . See you after school! Lena 五、句式转换 21. You should drink enough water every day.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ enough water every day. 22. He should finish his science project this weekend.（对划线部分提问） ______ should he ______ this weekend? 23. My grandpa can cook meals for himself now.（改为同义句） My grandpa can cook meals by ______ now. 24. Please help yourself to some tea.（改为同义句） Please ______ some tea ______ ______. 25. She taught herself Japanese when she was 12.（改为同义句） She learned Japanese ______ ______ ______ when she was 12. 参考答案 题号 答案 分析 1 shouldn't shouldn't表「不建议/禁止」的义务劝告 2 should should表「责任/必要的要求」 3 should; could 前空问「该做什么」用should，后空给可选方案用could 4 shouldn't 环保类常识+shouldn't否定义务 5 shouldn't/couldn’t都可 客观条件不允许「不该/可以不」，都算对 6 herself 第三人称单数女她→herself，介词of后搭配 7 yourselves 指代boys and girls（第二人称复数）→yourselves，固定搭配help oneself to 8 myself 指代I（第一人称单数）→myself，by oneself表「独自」 9 himself 指代the little boy→himself，hurt oneself固定搭配 10 ourselves 指代we→ourselves，enjoy oneself固定搭配 11 A by oneself短语辨析 12 C shouldn't表安全类劝告禁止 13 B Should I...?固定提问框架征求意见 14 C dress oneself固定搭配 15 B 反身代词同位语用法（放名词后表强调「亲自」） 16 should 给朋友的建议·义务导向 17 could 给出可选方案·委婉 18 yourself 指代Mia（第二人称单）→yourself，push oneself固定搭配 19 could 提出可选安排 20 shouldn't 责任类劝告禁止 21 shouldn't drink should否定直接加not 22 What; do should特殊疑问句结构：疑问词+should+主语+动原 23 himself by himself = for himself 独自 24 have; by yourself help yourself = have sth by yourself 25 on her own teach oneself = learn...on one's own 自学 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $