精品解析：江苏省扬州市邗江区公道中学2025-2026学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题

公道中学高一下学情检测英语试卷(2026.05) (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man intend to do? A. Make full use of the banana skins. B. Buy some organic food. C. Plant some flowers. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a mall. B. In an apartment. C. In a housing agency. 3. Why did Jeff go back home early today? A. He finished class early. B. He had a stomachache. C. He had to do some cooking. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Schoolmates. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to spend less on a tour. B. How to get a quiet train ride. C. How to buy train tickets online. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. When did the woman’s son start playing baseball? A. At the age of 6. B. At the age of 7. C. At the age of 14. 7. What is Malcolm? A. A teacher. B. A baseball player. C. A university student. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the man get the news? A. From a book. B. From a website. C. From a library assistant. 9. How does Sarah sound? A. Puzzled. B. Anxious. C. Excited. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. When did the woman use to do workouts? A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning. 11. How does the woman find digital rewards? A. Unrealistic. B. Challenging. C. Encouraging. 12. What will the speakers do next? A. Go running together. B. Take a short break. C. Download an app. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Why does the woman talk to Jake? A. To form a team with him. B. To share her project progress. C. To ask about Lydia’s farming project. 14. What do the speakers decide to do first? A. Do some research. B. Prepare some fertilizer(肥料). C. Get a suitable planting area. 15. What kind of watermelons does Jake want to grow? A. Sugar Baby watermelons. B. Yellow Doll watermelons. C. Moon and Stars watermelons. 16. What are the speakers going to do? A. Buy some seeds. B. Water some plants. C. Talk to Mr. Johnson. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What does the new research show? A. Blue light can affect the brain’s clock. B. Teenagers spend over 5 hours daily on screens. C. Less evening screen time improves teenagers’ sleep quality. 18. How many participants were involved in the new research? A. 30. B. 25. C. 20. 19. Where does Kevin McConway work? A. In a hospital. B. In a university. C. In a study center. 20. What did most experts agree on at the meeting in Lyon? A. Doing more related research. B. Publishing the study findings officially. C. Cooperating with additional universities. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Good books have the incredible power to transform our lives. They can take us on adventures to distant lands and teach us lessons that stay with us forever. Let’s explore some of the amazing books. When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari Using a fresh mix of an exciting first-person account with thoughtful poetic storytelling, this fiction explores the lives of Kai, Orla and Zak, and all the complicated connections, dreams and difficulties that tie then together, encouraging readers to pursue their own dreams and find out the right way to face life’s challenges with courage. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch Suffering from cancer, Professor Randy Pausch gave one final lecture. In it, he described, how to dream, how to overcome difficulties and how to live those dreams. This book, which takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, is something everyone should read at least once in their lifetime. The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani Sixteen-year-old Azadeh seeks comfort in her violin playing while adjusting to a new school, struggling with friendships, and facing problems at home. The book gives a look into various aspects of her personal life, filled with light-hearted humor. It is not just a story of struggle, but an attractive journey of self-development and self- discovery. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares This book follows four best friends as they start their own summer adventures, connected by a pair of magical jeans. It is a delightful read that shows independence, the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up. It’s a story that young adults can relate to as they figure out their own lives. 1. Which book tells the writer’s own story? A. The Last Lecture. B. When Shadows Fall. C. The Silver Chain. D. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. 2. What do The Silver Chain and The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants both focus on? A. Family and privacy. B. Growth and friendship. C. Struggle and magic. D. Traveling and adjustment. 3. This text is most probably intended for readers________ A. fascinated by adventure novels. B. interested in books about teenagers. C. seeking recommendations for inspiring reads. D. planning a literary-themed trip around the world. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍看几本令人惊叹的书。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch中的“This book, which takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, is something everyone should read at least once in their lifetime.(这本书带领读者踏上了他的起起落落之旅，是每个人一生中至少应该读一次的书。)”可知，患癌症的教授Randy Pausch写的The Last Lecture一书中描述了他的经历，也就是讲述了作者自己的故事。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani中的“Sixteen-year-old Azadeh seeks comfort in her violin playing while adjusting to a new school, struggling with friendships, and facing problems at home. (16岁的阿扎德在适应新学校、为友谊而挣扎、面对家庭问题的同时，也在小提琴演奏中寻求安慰。)”和The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares中的“It is a delightful read that shows independence, the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up. (这是一本令人愉快的读物，它展示了独立、友谊的真谛和成长的挑战。)”可知，二者共同聚焦的是成长与友谊。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了几本不同的书，并对书的内容亮点进行了阐述，目的很可能是给寻求鼓舞人心读物推荐的读者提供参考，而不是针对痴迷冒险小说的、对青少年相关书籍感兴趣的或者计划文学主题环球旅行的读者。故选C。 B In the dim light of a small Parisian laboratory, Marie Curie bent over her workbench, her hands shaking slightly from tiredness. It was 1898, and she had spent countless nights analyzing pitchblende (沥青铀矿), a material believed to contain traces of radioactivity — a term she herself had created. Her husband Pierre, though doubtful at first, now stood beside her, sharing her devotion. The couple’s goal was to separate a new element hidden within the ore (矿石). Months turned into years. Their lab, poorly aired and freezing in winter, became their second home. Worst of all, Marie’s fingers were often burned by acidic chemicals, and their savings shrank as they bought more raw materials. Yet, she refused to give up. “We must believe that we are gifted for something,” she wrote in her journal, “and that this thing must be achieved.” One evening, as Marie stirred a boiling mixture, a faint blue glow caught her eye. Her heart raced. The substance gave off light without heat — a phenomenon never before documented. After four tough years, they had discovered polonium and radium. The scientific community erupted in both appreciation and doubt. Critics questioned how a woman, let alone a Polish immigrant, could achieve such a breakthrough. But Marie, unwavering, continued her research, even as her health worsened from radiation exposure. In 1903, Marie and Pierre, alongside Henri Becquerel, won the Nobel Prize in Physics. She became the first woman to receive the honor. Yet, tragedy struck in 1906 when Pierre died in a traffic accident. Grief-stricken, Marie buried herself in work, later winning a second Nobel in Chemistry in 1911. Her discoveries paved the way for X-ray technology in World War I, saving countless lives. 4. What was the most challenging for Marie and Pierre in their research? A The lack of advanced equipment. B. The terrible working conditions. C. The money problems and health risks. D. The doubt from the scientific community. 5. What was the reaction of the scientific community to Marie Curie’s discovery at first? A. Total approval. B. Mixed responses. C. Complete uncaring. D. Strong opposition. 6. Why did Marie Curie continue her research despite facing health problems? A. To prove herself against doubters. B. To win more Nobel Prizes. C. To save people in World War I. D. To fulfill her belief in her gift. 7. Which of the following best describes Marie Curie? A. Careful and promising. B. Intelligent and fortunate. C. Determined and self-confident. D. Generous and hard-working. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了居里夫人在艰苦条件下坚持科研，最终取得重大发现并获奖的历程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Worst of all, Marie’s fingers were often burned by acidic chemicals, and their savings shrank as they bought more raw materials. (最糟糕的是，玛丽的手指经常被酸性化学物质灼伤，而且随着他们购买更多的原材料，他们的积蓄也在减少。)”以及第三段中“But Marie, unwavering, continued her research, even as her health worsened from radiation exposure. (但玛丽坚定不移，继续她的研究，尽管她的健康因辐射暴露而恶化。)”可知，玛丽和皮埃尔在研究中面临的最大挑战是资金问题和健康风险。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The scientific community erupted in both appreciation and doubt. (科学界既表示赞赏，也表示怀疑。)”可知，科学界最初对玛丽·居里的发现反应是褒贬不一的。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Yet, she refused to give up. “We must believe that we are gifted for something,” she wrote in her journal, “and that this thing must be achieved.” (然而，她拒绝放弃。她在日记中写道：“我们必须相信我们是有天赋的，而且这件事必须完成。”)”可知，尽管面临健康问题，玛丽·居里还是继续她的研究，因为她相信自己的天赋，要完成自己的目标。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Yet, she refused to give up. “We must believe that we are gifted for something,” she wrote in her journal, “and that this thing must be achieved.” (然而，她拒绝放弃。她在日记中写道：“我们必须相信我们是有天赋的，而且这件事必须完成。”)”以及最后一段中“Grief-stricken, Marie buried herself in work, later winning a second Nobel in Chemistry in 1911. (悲痛欲绝的玛丽埋头工作，后来在1911年再次获得诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，玛丽·居里是一个意志坚定、自信的人。故选C。 C AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages. That is good news for travelers, bad news for soulful connection. Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pizza. As AI translation becomes a more popular labour-saving tool, people will divide into two groups. There will be those who want to challenge their minds, put themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. 8. What does the word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 2? A. Growing. B. Lasting. C. Declining. D. Challenging. 9. What is the underlined part “taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest” compared to? A. Using AI tools to do the translation. B. Doing the work that gives you satisfaction. C. Making effort to learn a new language. D. Studying a language aided by technology. 10. Which of the following will the “Others” in paragraph 4 agree with? A. People should stretch their minds in life. B. AI translation tools offer a good service. C. Extreme endurance sports are worth trying. D. Language learning builds deep connection. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Language learning benefits learners alone. B. Language learning is of value to human health. C. We should reflect on language learning methods. D. We should adopt a new angle on language learning. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了在人工智能可以降低学习外语的必要性这一议题上，一部分人充满担心，认为这会让一些重要的东西消失，有些人则因为没有对语言的需求而不那么担心。人工智能翻译的普及同时也会将人分化成两部分，一部分人会挑战自己继续学习语言，另一部分人则会选择不再学习。文章指出不应该仅从学习者的角度看待语言学习，其本身的内在价值更值得关注。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句的上文“Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. (长期以来，旅行一直是学习的动力——除非人们开始觉得人工智能工具提供了足够好的服务)”可知，此处介绍人工智能工具对人们学习语言的动力的负面影响。由此推知，划线词所在句表示“一些人会担心应用程序正在把语言学习变成一种越来越少的追求”，dwindling意思应该是“越来越少的”，与declining意思一致。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? (作家Douglas Hofstadter认为，当人们通过机器交谈时，一些重要的东西将会消失。他描述了用普通话做一次犹豫的、困难的演讲，需要做很多工作，但最后会有一种成就感。谁会炫耀自己坐飞机登上了珠穆朗玛峰呢？)”可知，Douglas Hofstadter的描述突出了学习语言伴随着的挑战自我、战胜自我的成就感，但是人们通过机器交谈的话，就无法体会这种感觉。由此可知，“坐飞机登上了珠穆朗玛峰”就好比“使用人工智能工具进行翻译”，前者缺失的是参与登山带来的成就感，后者缺失的是参与语言学习带来的成就感。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” (其他人会带着钦佩和困惑看待学习一门新语言，就像他们看待极限耐力运动一样：‘如果你喜欢的话，对你来说很好，但对我来说有点痛苦。’)”可知，这一类人会认为学习一门新语言令人钦佩，但是不适合自己，没有必要尝试。由此可知，他们会同意“人工智能翻译工具提供了很好的服务”的观点。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. (但是，仅仅关注学习者就忽略了语言的基本社会性质。这有点像分析亲密关系对心脏健康的好处，但忽视了这些关系本身的内在价值。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用犹豫的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。当你的语言说得足够好，可以用完美的时机讲述一个故事，或者在一个论点上添加微妙的细微差别，这种联系就会更深。)”可知，我们不能仅关注学习者，语言本身的内在价值更值得关注，学习语言会加深我们与他人之间的联系。由此可知，我们应该从新的角度看待语言学习。故选D项。 D Named as the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024, “brain rot” refers to the supposed decline of a person’s mental condition as a result of watching too much “unimportant or unchallenging” content online. While often used jokingly, a new study from Tianjin Normal University suggests there may be some truth to it. Researchers examined the brains of 111 students, all regular viewers of short videos, and found that those most attached to them had noticeable differences in brain structure. They had increased grey matter in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the brain area linked to decision-making and emotional management, and in the cerebellum, which plays a role in movement and emotions. The researchers proposed that regularly watching these videos might strengthen brain-related pathways, making the habit more deeply rooted. A second examination showed increased synchronization (同步) in many brain areas, including those involved in self-control and self-reflection. This could indicate difficulties stopping videos and increased social comparison. Participants (参与者) who scored higher on a questionnaire measuring “envy” also showed stronger links between video addiction and brain differences, suggesting that either “envy” drives social media use or that extended video-viewing promotes “envy”. Despite the alarming implications, the study has limitations. Similar concerns about technology’s impact on the brain have surfaced before, such as claims that digital media have posed an existential threat. Yet, no conclusive evidence has proven these fears true. Professor Peter Etchells argues there’s no strong science showing short videos uniquely harm the brain. A big weakness of the study is its one-time testing method. If the goal were to prove that watching hours of short videos harms the brain, a more effective approach would be to examine participants’ brains before and after they watched different amounts of these videos. But this study only looked at data from one moment in time, without comparing changes over time. There was no before-and-after comparison to show cause and effect. Thus, a healthier approach is to reflect on media habits, making mindful choices while appreciating the benefits of technology. 12. What is “brain rot” according to paragraph 1? A. A real disease proven by doctors. B. A popular trend among young people. C. A mental state caused by online content. D. A new concern about short videos’ effects. 13. Which is one of the main findings of the research? A. Less ability to compare themselves to others. B. Worse control over emotions. C. Harm to brain parts controlling movement. D More grey matter in areas for making decisions. 14. The author questions the study’s design primarily for its ______. A. overemphasis on envy-related data. B. lack of different types of participants. C failure to establish cause and effect. D. reliance on subjective measurements. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Brain Rot: Real Threat or Overstated Fear? B. Social Media: Mental Activation or Brain Harm? C. Why “Brain Rot” Became Word of the Year? D. How Social Media Reshapes the Human Brain? 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了天津师范大学关于短视频对大脑影响的研究，指出其虽有相关发现但存在局限性，最后建议人们反思媒体使用习惯。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘brain rot’ refers to the supposed decline of a person’s mental condition as a result of watching too much ‘unimportant or unchallenging’ content online.(“脑雾”指因过度浏览网络“无意义或低智力”内容而导致的精神退化现象)”可知，“脑雾”是一种由网络内容导致的精神状态。故选C项。 13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers examined the brains of 111 students, all regular viewers of short videos, and found that those most attached to them had noticeable differences in brain structure. They had increased grey matter in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the brain area linked to decision making and emotional management, and in the cerebellum, which plays a role in movement and emotions.(研究人员对111名短视频高频使用者的大脑进行扫描后发现：沉迷程度越深者，脑结构变异越显著。这些受试者眶额皮层(决策与情绪管理中枢)及小脑(调控运动与情绪区域)的灰质明显增厚)”可知，研究的主要发现之一是决策相关区域的灰质增多。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A big weakness of the study is its one-time testing method. If the goal were to prove that watching hours of short videos harms the brain, a more effective approach would be to examine participants’ brains before and after they watched different amounts of these videos. But this study only looked at data from one moment in time, without comparing changes over time. There was no before-and-after comparison to show cause and effect.(这项研究的一大缺陷在于其单次检测法。若要证明长时间观看短视频会损伤大脑，更有效的方法应是对受试者观看不同时长视频前后的脑部变化进行对比。但该研究仅采集了单一时间节点的数据，既未追踪长期变化，也未设置前后对照实验来验证因果关系)”可知，作者质疑该研究的设计主要是因为它未设置前后对照实验来验证因果关系，即未能建立因果关系。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Named as the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024, “ brain rot ” refers to the supposed decline of a person’s mental condition as a result of watching too much “unimportant or unchallenging” content online. While often used jokingly, a new study from Tianjin Normal University suggests there may be some truth to it.(2024年度牛津词典将“脑雾”选为年度词汇，该词指因过度浏览网络“无意义或低智力”内容而导致的精神退化现象。尽管这个说法常被戏谑使用，但天津师范大学的最新研究表明，其中或许确有科学依据)”、第二段中“Researchers examined the brains of 111 students, all regular viewers of short videos, and found that those most attached to them had noticeable differences in brain structure.(研究人员对111名经常观看短视频的学生的大脑进行了检查，发现那些对短视频最着迷的学生的大脑结构有明显差异)”和倒数第二段“Despite the alarming implications, the study has limitations. Similar concerns about technology’s impact on the brain have surfaced before, such as claims that digital media have posed an existential threat. Yet, no conclusive evidence has proven these fears true. Professor Peter Etchells argues there’s no strong science showing short videos uniquely harm the brain.(尽管研究结果令人担忧，但其本身存在局限性。类似关于科技对大脑影响的担忧早有先例——比如数字媒体威胁人类生存的论调，然而迄今都缺乏确凿证据佐证。英国巴斯大学彼得·埃切尔斯教授强调，目前并无可靠科学依据证明短视频会特异性地损伤大脑功能)”可知，文章介绍了关于“脑雾”的研究，说明因过度浏览网络“无意义或低智力”内容而导致的精神退化现象，但同时指出该研究存在局限性，没有确凿证据证明短视频对大脑有独特危害。故A项“Brain Rot: Real Threat or Overstated Fear?(脑雾：是真正的威胁还是被夸大的恐惧?)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 On a busy workday, your lunch hour is a crucial opportunity to recharge and set a positive tone for the rest of your day. Here are some strategies to make the most of this time. Get moving A brief 10-minute workout can make you energetic. _____16_____. For example, step outside and take a walk around the block, or walk to your sandwich instead of driving cars. This light exercise not only stretches your legs and gets your eyes off screens, but also boosts your mood with endorphins (内啡肽) . Play catch up _____17_____ Sometimes catching up with an old friend or family member can brighten your day and uplift your spirits, providing a refreshing break from work. So why not combine a walk around the block with a call to catch up with your friends during your lunch hour? Bathe in the sun Avoid the temptation to eat at your desk. When possible, take your lunch outside to enjoy the sun and a change of scenery. Bathe in the sun and lift your gaze to the horizon instead of your phone or computer screen. _____18_____ A change of scenery can give you the power you need through your afternoon to-do list. Change your tone Use your lunch hour to treat your senses. As you eat or get active, try queuing up your favorite music in your favorite podcast. If you focus on the same tasks for too long, your brain will be tired. Shift gears and treat your mind to some music or stimulation outside of your daily tasks. ______19______ Your lunch hour isn’t just about being purely functional. ______20______ By engaging in these activities, you can maintain productivity and end your workday satisfied with your progress. A. This shift helps you relax and recharge. B. Boost the power of a well-spent lunch hour. C. Exercise can help you feel good about yourself. D. Use your lunch hour to connect with loved ones. E. It is essential for both physical and mental health. F. Find ways to combine light exercise with your lunch hour routine. G. The benefits of time spent recharging outside are well-documented. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍充分利用午餐时间的策略，包括适当运动、联系亲友、晒太阳、转换心情，以提升状态与工作效率。 【16题详解】 由上文“A brief 10-minute workout can make you energetic. (一次简短的 10 分钟锻炼可以让你精力充沛。)”及下文“For example, step outside and take a walk around the block, or walk to your sandwich instead of driving cars. (例如，走出去绕着街区散步，或者步行去买三明治而不是开车。)”可知，上文提到锻炼能让人精力充沛，下文举例说明结合锻炼的具体方式，空格处应是关于将锻炼与午餐时间日常活动相结合的内容。而F项Find ways to combine light exercise with your lunch hour routine. (想办法将轻度锻炼与你的午餐时间日常活动结合起来。)符合语境，引出下文具体例子。故选 F 项。 【17题详解】 由下文“Sometimes catching up with an old friend or family member can brighten your day and uplift your spirits, providing a refreshing break from work. (有时与老朋友或家人叙叙旧可以让你的一天变得愉快，振奋你的精神，从工作中得到一个清爽的休息。)”可知，此段强调利用午餐时间与亲朋好友联系，而D项Use your lunch hour to connect with loved ones. (利用午餐时间与所爱的人联系。)符合语境，作为段落主旨句，引出下文关于与亲朋好友联系好处的阐述。故选D项。 【18题详解】 由上文“Bathe in the sun and lift your gaze to the horizon instead of your phone or computer screen. (沐浴在阳光下，将目光投向地平线，而不是手机或电脑屏幕。)”及下文“A change of scenery can give you the power you need through your afternoon to-do list. (环境的改变能给你完成下午待办事项清单所需的力量。)”可知，上文提到在户外晒太阳，下文提到改变环境的好处，空格处应进一步说明在户外充电放松的好处，而G项The benefits of time spent recharging outside are well-documented. (在户外花时间充电的好处是有充分记录的。)符合语境，承上启下，连接上下文。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Shift gears and treat your mind to some music or stimulation outside of your daily tasks. (换挡，让你的大脑在日常任务之外享受一些音乐或刺激。)”可知，这里强调改变状态，让大脑享受不同事物，空格处应说明这种改变带来的好处，而A项This shift helps you relax and recharge. (这种转变帮助你放松和充电。)符合语境，其中This shift指代上文提到的改变。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Your lunch hour isn’t just about being purely functional. (你的午餐时间不仅仅是纯粹功能性的。)”及下文“By engaging in these activities, you can maintain productivity and end your workday satisfied with your progress. (通过参与这些活动，你可以保持工作效率，并在工作日结束时对自己的进展感到满意。)”可知，上文指出午餐时间不只是功能性的，下文阐述参与前文提及活动对工作效率等方面的积极影响，这体现了午餐时间对身心状态的重要性。而E项It is essential for both physical and mental health. (它对身心健康都至关重要。)符合语境，说明午餐时间不仅有功能性作用，对身心同样关键，能更好地承上启下，连接上下文逻辑。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in a family with a history of getting angry easily, I had always tried to change. Years of treatment ____21____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there. My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____22____ late into the night. Eventually, we decided to move to a ____23____ part of town. And now, here was this guy, who was ____24____ a new party table within full view of my kitchen window. The ____25____ of drunk and loud college students flashed across my mind, so I walked up and told him it had to be ____26____. “Who the hell are you?” he asked. “And what gives you the right to make such a ____27____?” Spotting there would be a ____28____ between the young man and me, my husband came up. As he pulled me away, I ____29____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over. I got back home and ate my favorite cookies. When I calmed down, _____30_____, I was full of shame. Why didn’t other women get angry like me? I looked at the cookies, which I hadn’t intended for _____31_____, but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right. So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies. When the student opened the door, I _____32_____ the plate and told him that the person he met just now — the one with the pointing finger and annoying _____33_____ — wasn’t me. At least it wasn’t the person I wanted to be. He looked down at the plate and his face _____34_____. He said he was sorry, too. I walked back across the street, feeling like I’d _____35_____ wonders. 21. A. removed B. increased C. eased D. trapped 22. A. broadened B. varied C. extended D. declined 23. A. cleaner B. quieter C. safer D. busier 24. A. setting B. hanging C. selling D. stealing 25. A. memories B. stories C. records D. accounts 26. A. put up B. broken down C. moved away D. given out 27. A. offer B. mess C. proposal D. demand 28. A. conversation B. war C. discussion D. settlement 29. A. stared B. pointed C. screamed D. tore 30. A. therefore B. besides C. however D. meanwhile 31. A. greeting B. complaint C. explanation D. apology 32. A. handed B. threw C. dropped D. seized 33. A. charges B. habits C. thoughts D. words 34. A. paled B. softened C. darkened D. hardened 35. A. sought B. celebrated C. done D. claimed 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为个人经历和家庭背景容易生气，尽管经过多年治疗有所缓解，但在面对新搬来的邻居举办聚会扰民时，作者一开始表现出了生气的情绪。然而，在冷静下来后，作者意识到自己的行为可能过于冲动，于是选择用送饼干的方式去道歉和缓和关系，最终得到了对方的谅解，自己也因此感到释然和满足。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年的治疗缓解了我内心的愤怒，但它依旧存在。A. removed移除；B. increased增加；C. eased缓解；D. trapped陷入。根据空前“Years of treatment”可知，作者在进行治疗；再根据下文“but it was still in there”可推测，治疗缓解了作者内心的愤怒，但是没有消除。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫曾经住在一所大学附近，那里聚会的喧闹声和音乐声常常持续到深夜。A. broadened拓宽；B. varied改变；C. extended延长；D. declined下降。根据空后的“late into the night”可推测，聚会的吵闹声和音乐声会持续到深夜。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们决定搬到镇上一个更安静的地方。A. cleaner更清洁的；B. quieter更安静的；C. safer更安全的；D. busier更繁忙的。根据上文“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可推测，作者经常被吵闹声所烦扰，所以她和丈夫决定搬到安静的地方。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：而现在，有个家伙正在我厨房窗户完全能看到的地方搭建一张新的派对桌。A. setting设置、搭建；B. hanging悬挂；C. selling出售；D. stealing偷窃。根据空后“a new party table”以及作者前去阻止他可推测，这个年轻人是在搭建派对桌。故选A。 25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆在我脑海中闪现，于是我走上前去，告诉他必须把桌子搬走。A. memories回忆；B. stories故事；C. records记录；D. accounts账目、描述。根据上文第二段“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可知，作者曾经住在大学旁边，总是被醉酒喧闹的大学生们所烦扰，所以才搬到安静的地方。由此可知，作者此时看到派对桌又想起了关于醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆在我脑海中闪现，于是我走上前去，告诉他必须把桌子搬走。A. put up张贴；B. broken down发生故障、崩溃；C. moved away搬走；D. given out分发。根据上文第二段“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可知，作者曾经住在大学旁边，总是被醉酒喧闹的大学生们所烦扰，所以才搬到安静的地方。而作者又是个容易发怒的人。由此可推测，此时看到年轻人搭建派对桌，想到了派对时的吵闹，所以作者立即感到很愤怒，让对方把桌子搬走。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你到底是谁？”他问道，“你有什么权利提这样的要求？”A. offer提供；B. mess混乱；C. proposal提议；D. demand要求。根据上文“so I walked up and told him it had to be ____6____.”可知，作者要求对方把桌子搬走，而对方觉得作者非常奇怪，没有权利提出这样的要求。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫察觉到我和这个年轻人之间可能会起冲突，便走上前来。A. conversation对话；B. war战争、冲突；C. discussion讨论；D. settlement解决。根据上文“Years of treatment ____1____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there.”可知，作者容易愤怒。再根据下文“my husband came up”可推测，作者的丈夫察觉作者会和这个年轻人起冲突，所以走上前。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把我拉开时，我指着那家伙，告诉他这事没完。A. stared盯着看；B. pointed指；C. screamed尖叫；D. tore撕开。根据下文“the one with the pointing finger and annoying ____13____ ”中的“the pointing finger”可推测，作者是指着对方告诉对方这事没完。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我冷静下来后，满心都是羞愧。A. therefore因此；B. besides此外；C. however然而；D. meanwhile与此同时。根据上文“As he pulled me away, I ____9____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over.”可知，作者回来的时候非常愤怒；再根据下文“I was full of shame.”可知，作者冷静下来后，非常羞愧。与上文存在转折关系。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着那些饼干，原本我没打算用它们来道歉，但现在它们似乎成了弥补过错的最佳选择。A. greeting问候；B. complaint抱怨；C. explanation解释；D. apology道歉。根据下文“but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right”以及作者向年轻人道歉可推测，作者本来没打算用饼干去道歉，但现在心生羞愧，决定去道歉。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那学生打开门时，我递上盘子，跟他说，他刚才遇到的那个用手指着他、说着烦人话的人不是真正的我。A. handed递交；B. threw扔；C. dropped掉落；D. seized抓住。根据上文“So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies.”可知，作者拿着饼干打算去道歉；再根据空后“the plate”可知，年轻人一开门，作者就递上盘子，开始道歉。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那学生打开门时，我递上盘子，跟他说，他刚才遇到的那个用手指着他、说着烦人话的人不是真正的我。A. charges费用；B. habits习惯；C. thoughts想法；D. words话语。根据上文“so I walked up and told him it had to be ____6____ .”以及“told him this wasn’t over”可知，作者指的是作者刚刚所说的那些伤人的话。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低头看着盘子，脸色缓和了下来。A. paled变苍白；B. softened变软；C. darkened变暗；D. hardened变硬。根据下文“He said he was sorry, too.”可知，年轻人看到饼干，听到了作者的道歉，脸色开始缓和。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我穿过街道往回走，感觉自己创造了奇迹。A. sought寻求；B. celebrated庆祝；C. done完成；D. claimed宣称。根据全文内容可知，作者一直是个容易愤怒的人。而这次，作者及时反思自己的行为，控制了自己的脾气，并主动道歉。由此可推测，作者对此感到自豪，认为自己战胜了自我，创造了奇迹。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 In a peaceful town by the Yangtze River, I experienced the Dragon Boat Festival, ____36____ unique Chinese tradition that mixes history and joy. Locals invited me to make zongzi, sticky rice dumplings ____37____ (stuff) in bamboo leaves. The fillings, usually containing sweet beans or meat, ____38____ (smell) amazing! As we worked, an elderly woman explained it’s a custom to honor Qu Yuan, a poet ____39____ loyalty touched millions. My hands struggled at first, but soon I mastered the technique: stirring the rice, folding the leaves, ____40____ tying them tightly with thread. The room smelled of fresh bamboo and the warm scent of herbs, which our host said had ____41____ (benefit) values for health. “Zongzi is not just food,” she smiled, “it’s a bridge of ____42____ (wise) between generations preserved through these very hands.” ____43____ (obvious), the festival’s true magic lay in its power to unite communities. Later, we watched dragon-boat races where paddlers’ chants echoed like thunder. I felt fortunate to experience traditions that allow history to survive. As dusk fell, we lit lotus (莲花) lanterns on the river, their soft light ____44____ (reflect) on the water like stars. The lanterns floated toward the horizon, carrying our hopes for remembrance with every gentle ripple. This day taught me that festivals, no matter where they’re from, are threads bringing people closer _____45_____ one another. 【答案】36. a 37. stuffed 38. smelled 39. whose 40. and 41. beneficial 42. wisdom 43. Obviously 44. reflected 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在长江边小镇过端午，学包粽子、看龙舟赛、放莲花灯，体会到节日凝聚人心、传承历史的意义。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在长江边的一个宁静小镇上，我体验了端午节——这一融合了历史与欢乐的独特中国传统节日。此处tradition为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地人邀请我一起包粽子，即用竹叶包裹着糯米做成的美味食物。此处stuff与sticky rice dumplings构成被动关系，过去分词作定语。故填stuffed。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些馅料通常里面填有甜豆或肉，闻起来味道好极了！此处smell与fillings构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填smelled。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在我们工作的时候，一位年长的女士解释说，这是为了纪念屈原的一种习俗。屈原是一位深受民众爱戴的诗人，他的忠诚精神感动了无数人。定语从句修饰先行词poet，在从句作定语，故填whose。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：起初我的双手有些笨拙，但很快我就掌握了这门技巧：搅拌米粒、折叠叶子，并用线把它们紧紧地捆起来。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：房间里弥漫着新鲜竹子的清香以及草药的温暖气息，我们的主人说这些气味对健康有益。修饰名词values用形容词beneficial，作定语。故填beneficial。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：“粽子不仅仅是一种食物，”她微笑着说，“它还是代代相传的智慧之桥，是由这些巧手精心制作而成的。”作介词的宾语，用名词wisdom。故填wisdom。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：显然，这个节日真正的魅力在于它能够将各个社区紧密团结在一起。修饰后文句子用副词obviously，首字母大写。故填Obviously。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：当夜幕降临，我们把莲花灯放在河面上，那柔和的灯光在水面上闪烁，宛如繁星点点。根据上文As dusk fell, we lit lotus lanterns可知为一般过去时。故填reflected。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一天让我明白，无论源自何处，节日都是将人们紧密联系在一起的纽带。短语bring…closer to表示“将……紧密联系”。故填to。 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面的句子，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. It ___________ (情态动词) have rained last night, for the ground is wet now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚一定下雨了，因为现在地面是湿的。由for the ground is wet now可知，此处是对过去的肯定推测，表示昨天晚上一定下雨了，must have done是对过去的肯定推测。 47. I appreciate ______ (have) the opportunity to work with such a talented team. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】having 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很感激有机会与如此有才华的团队合作。动词“appreciate”后接宾语时，需用动名词形式，构成“appreciate doing sth.”结构，表示“感激做某事”。因此，此处应填have的动名词形式having。故填having。 48. When ________ (inform) of the sudden change, all the students adjusted their schedules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】informed 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：当被告知突然的变化时，所有的学生都调整了他们的日程安排。此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为“When all the students were informed of the sudden change”，省略了all the students和were。故填informed。 49. He became the third student ______ (win) the national prize in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to win 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他成为我校第三位获得国家级奖项的学生。the+序数词+名词+动词不定式作后置定语。故填to win。 50. He rushed to the airport only ______ (tell) that the flight had been postponed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be told 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆匆赶到机场，却被告知航班已经推迟了。only to do sth.为固定用法，表示出乎意料的结果，且he和tell之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。故填to be told。 51. All the students ________(involve) in the drama production stayed after school for rehearsals every day.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involved 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参与这部戏剧演出的所有学生每天放学后都会留下来进行排练。此处involve与students构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填involved。 52. The problem ________ (discuss) at present has something to do with our living conditions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being discussed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目前正在讨论问题和我们的生活条件有关。此处为非谓语，动词discuss和前文problem之间是被动关系，根据时间状语at present，应用现在分词的被动式作后置定语。故填being discussed。 53. The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory ________(destroy).（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】destroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：科学家发现实验室里的设备被毁了。此处是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词destroy和宾语the equipment之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填destroyed。 54. Time ________(permit), we will visit the local museum to see the new exhibit on ancient civilizations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permitting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果时间允许的话，我们将去当地博物馆参观有关古代文明的新展览。此处为独立主格结构，time与permit为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填permitting。 55. With measures_________(take) to promote tourism in China, the 2023 May Day holiday saw a record number of tourists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】taken 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：随着中国采取各项措施促进旅游业发展，2023 年五一假期迎来了创纪录的游客数量。本句为with的复合结构，measures与take为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填taken。 第四节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确;每空一词，错一空此题不得分。 56. 屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。 The efforts of Tu and her team finally _______ _______. 【答案】 ①. paid ②. off 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“取得回报”可知短语为pay off，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填paid off。 57. 这个小男孩学会了单击鼠标右键来调出一个新菜单。 The little boy learned to click the right mouse button to__________________a new menu. 【答案】bring up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。to为动词不定式的标志，动词不定式作目的状语，调出为bring up。故填bring up。 58. 他在看最喜欢的动画片时，眼睛死死盯着屏幕。 His eyes were ______ ______ the screen while watching their favorite cartoon. 【答案】 ①. fixed ②. on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“死死盯着”用fix one’s eyes on，表示目光固定在某处，本句为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的were构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填fixed on。 59. 她陷入了沉思，没听到老师叫她的名字。 She ______ ______ ______ thought and didn’t hear the teacher call her name. 【答案】 ①. was ②. lost ③. in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“陷入沉思”可用固定短语be lost in thought，根据并列谓语“didn’t hear”可知，讲述过去的事情，谓语动词be应用一般过去时态，主语“She”是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式was。故填was；lost；in。 60. 关于人口的问题你最好请教威廉教授，他对于整个课题都了如指掌。 You’d better ask Professor William about the population issues, who has the whole subject ______ ________ _________. 【答案】 ①. at ②. his ③. fingertips 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要固定短语at one’s fingertips“了如指掌”。根据句中的“Professor William”可知，one’s在句中需要替换成形容词性物主代词his。故填①at②his③fingertips。 61. 这证明人类能够简单地通过反复试验的方法去建立一个功能完整的生态系统。 It’s proved that humans can build a fully functioning ecosystem simply ________________. 【答案】through trial and error 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为介词through 表示“通过”，表示“反复试验”短语为trial and error。故填through trial and error。 62. 我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机，走到马路上，突然一辆车飞驰过来，差点把我撞倒! Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car ________ ________, nearly knocking me off my feet! 【答案】 ①. shot ②. past 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“飞驰过来”应用shoot past，为固定短语，在本句中作谓语，且时态应与前面保持一致用一般过去时。故填shot past。 63. 如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 Now, we scientists ________ ________ ________ ________ that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 【答案】 ①. take ②. it ③. for ④. granted 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“理所当然”为固定短语take it for granted满足句意要求，结合句意为一般现在时，主语为复数形式。故分别填take；it；for；granted。 64. 当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。 When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu ________ ________ the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 【答案】 ①. referred ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处要用动词短语refer to(查阅)作主句的谓语动词。根据从句谓语部分failed to produce可知，本句讲的是过去的事情，所以主句谓语动词也要用一般过去时态，即referred to。故填①referred；②to。 65. 我无法逃离现代世界， 但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间， 而且我也就是这么做的。 I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can ________ ________ ________ the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. 【答案】 ①. cut ②. back/down ③. on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“减少”应用cut back on或者cut down on，为固定搭配，且情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填cut；back/down；on。 第四部分 写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，“学校科技节”即将到来，你校英文报正在开展主题为“Scientists who changed the world”的征文活动，请用英文写一篇文章，介绍你最崇拜的科学家。内容包括： 1. 科学家的简介；2. 他（她）所做出的贡献；3. 你崇拜他（她）的理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Scientists who changed the world Of all the great scientists that changed the world, Yuan Longping is the one I admire most. Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese agricultural scientist, devoted his entire life to rice research. To solve world hunger, he successfully developed hybrid rice, which has greatly increased rice output. His great achievement helps feed hundreds of millions of people in China and many other developing countries. I admire him for his selfless devotion and persistent spirit. He cared more about public well-being than personal fame, which inspires me to pursue a meaningful life that contributes to others. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求学生以李华的身份，参加校英文报举办的征文活动，介绍自己最崇拜的科学家，应涵盖该科学家的简介、其贡献以及自己崇拜他（她）的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有名的：famous→well-known, prominent, renowned 倾注：devote→dedicate 解决：solve→resolve 激励：inspire→motivate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese agricultural scientist, devoted his entire life to rice research. 拓展句：Yuan Longping was a famous Chinese agricultural scientist, who devoted his entire life to rice research. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To solve world hunger, he successfully developed hybrid rice, which has greatly increased rice output. (运用了不定式To solve…作目的状语、which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He cared more about public well-being than personal fame, which inspires me to pursue a meaningful life that contributes to others. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句、that引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 公道中学高一下学情检测英语试卷(2026.05) (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man intend to do? A. Make full use of the banana skins. B. Buy some organic food. C. Plant some flowers. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a mall. B. In an apartment. C. In a housing agency. 3. Why did Jeff go back home early today? A. He finished class early. B. He had a stomachache. C. He had to do some cooking. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Schoolmates. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to spend less on a tour. B. How to get a quiet train ride. C. How to buy train tickets online. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. When did the woman’s son start playing baseball? A. At the age of 6. B. At the age of 7. C. At the age of 14. 7. What is Malcolm? A. A teacher. B. A baseball player. C. A university student. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the man get the news? A. From a book. B. From a website. C. From a library assistant. 9. How does Sarah sound? A. Puzzled. B. Anxious. C. Excited. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. When did the woman use to do workouts? A In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning. 11 How does the woman find digital rewards? A. Unrealistic. B. Challenging. C. Encouraging. 12. What will the speakers do next? A. Go running together. B. Take a short break. C. Download an app. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Why does the woman talk to Jake? A. To form a team with him. B. To share her project progress. C. To ask about Lydia’s farming project. 14. What do the speakers decide to do first? A. Do some research. B. Prepare some fertilizer(肥料). C. Get a suitable planting area. 15. What kind of watermelons does Jake want to grow? A. Sugar Baby watermelons. B. Yellow Doll watermelons. C. Moon and Stars watermelons. 16. What are the speakers going to do? A. Buy some seeds. B. Water some plants. C. Talk to Mr. Johnson. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What does the new research show? A. Blue light can affect the brain’s clock. B. Teenagers spend over 5 hours daily on screens. C. Less evening screen time improves teenagers’ sleep quality. 18. How many participants were involved in the new research? A. 30. B. 25. C. 20. 19. Where does Kevin McConway work? A. In a hospital. B. In a university. C. In a study center. 20. What did most experts agree on at the meeting in Lyon? A. Doing more related research. B. Publishing the study findings officially. C. Cooperating with additional universities. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Good books have the incredible power to transform our lives. They can take us on adventures to distant lands and teach us lessons that stay with us forever. Let’s explore some of the amazing books. When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari Using a fresh mix of an exciting first-person account with thoughtful poetic storytelling, this fiction explores the lives of Kai, Orla and Zak, and all the complicated connections, dreams and difficulties that tie then together, encouraging readers to pursue their own dreams and find out the right way to face life’s challenges with courage. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch Suffering from cancer, Professor Randy Pausch gave one final lecture. In it, he described, how to dream, how to overcome difficulties and how to live those dreams. This book, which takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, is something everyone should read at least once in their lifetime. The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani Sixteen-year-old Azadeh seeks comfort in her violin playing while adjusting to a new school, struggling with friendships, and facing problems at home. The book gives a look into various aspects of her personal life, filled with light-hearted humor. It is not just a story of struggle, but an attractive journey of self-development and self- discovery. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares This book follows four best friends as they start their own summer adventures, connected by a pair of magical jeans. It is a delightful read that shows independence, the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up. It’s a story that young adults can relate to as they figure out their own lives. 1. Which book tells the writer’s own story? A. The Last Lecture. B. When Shadows Fall. C. The Silver Chain. D. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. 2. What do The Silver Chain and The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants both focus on? A. Family and privacy. B. Growth and friendship. C. Struggle and magic. D. Traveling and adjustment. 3. This text is most probably intended for readers________ A. fascinated by adventure novels. B. interested in books about teenagers. C. seeking recommendations for inspiring reads. D. planning a literary-themed trip around the world. B In the dim light of a small Parisian laboratory, Marie Curie bent over her workbench, her hands shaking slightly from tiredness. It was 1898, and she had spent countless nights analyzing pitchblende (沥青铀矿), a material believed to contain traces of radioactivity — a term she herself had created. Her husband Pierre, though doubtful at first, now stood beside her, sharing her devotion. The couple’s goal was to separate a new element hidden within the ore (矿石). Months turned into years. Their lab, poorly aired and freezing in winter, became their second home. Worst of all, Marie’s fingers were often burned by acidic chemicals, and their savings shrank as they bought more raw materials. Yet, she refused to give up. “We must believe that we are gifted for something,” she wrote in her journal, “and that this thing must be achieved.” One evening, as Marie stirred a boiling mixture, a faint blue glow caught her eye. Her heart raced. The substance gave off light without heat — a phenomenon never before documented. After four tough years, they had discovered polonium and radium. The scientific community erupted in both appreciation and doubt. Critics questioned how a woman, let alone a Polish immigrant, could achieve such a breakthrough. But Marie, unwavering, continued her research, even as her health worsened from radiation exposure. In 1903, Marie and Pierre, alongside Henri Becquerel, won the Nobel Prize in Physics. She became the first woman to receive the honor. Yet, tragedy struck in 1906 when Pierre died in a traffic accident. Grief-stricken, Marie buried herself in work, later winning a second Nobel in Chemistry in 1911. Her discoveries paved the way for X-ray technology in World War I, saving countless lives. 4. What was the most challenging for Marie and Pierre in their research? A. The lack of advanced equipment. B. The terrible working conditions. C. The money problems and health risks. D. The doubt from the scientific community. 5. What was the reaction of the scientific community to Marie Curie’s discovery at first? A. Total approval. B. Mixed responses. C Complete uncaring. D. Strong opposition. 6. Why did Marie Curie continue her research despite facing health problems? A. To prove herself against doubters. B. To win more Nobel Prizes. C. To save people in World War I. D. To fulfill her belief in her gift. 7. Which of the following best describes Marie Curie? A. Careful and promising. B. Intelligent and fortunate. C. Determined and self-confident. D. Generous and hard-working. C AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages. That is good news for travelers, bad news for soulful connection. Travel has long been a motivator for study — unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something important will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a hesitant, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would show off taking a plane to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pizza. As AI translation becomes a more popular labour-saving tool, people will divide into two groups. There will be those who want to challenge their minds, put themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and confusion, as they might with extreme endurance (忍耐力) sports: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analyzing the benefits of close relationships to heart health but overlooking the inner value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in hesitant German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle (微妙的) shading on an argument, that connection is still deeper. 8 What does the word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 2? A. Growing. B. Lasting. C. Declining. D. Challenging. 9. What is the underlined part “taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest” compared to? A. Using AI tools to do the translation. B. Doing the work that gives you satisfaction. C. Making effort to learn a new language. D. Studying a language aided by technology. 10. Which of the following will the “Others” in paragraph 4 agree with? A. People should stretch their minds in life. B. AI translation tools offer a good service. C. Extreme endurance sports are worth trying. D. Language learning builds deep connection. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Language learning benefits learners alone. B. Language learning is of value to human health. C. We should reflect on language learning methods. D. We should adopt a new angle on language learning. D Named as the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024, “brain rot” refers to the supposed decline of a person’s mental condition as a result of watching too much “unimportant or unchallenging” content online. While often used jokingly, a new study from Tianjin Normal University suggests there may be some truth to it. Researchers examined the brains of 111 students, all regular viewers of short videos, and found that those most attached to them had noticeable differences in brain structure. They had increased grey matter in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the brain area linked to decision-making and emotional management, and in the cerebellum, which plays a role in movement and emotions. The researchers proposed that regularly watching these videos might strengthen brain-related pathways, making the habit more deeply rooted. A second examination showed increased synchronization (同步) in many brain areas, including those involved in self-control and self-reflection. This could indicate difficulties stopping videos and increased social comparison. Participants (参与者) who scored higher on a questionnaire measuring “envy” also showed stronger links between video addiction and brain differences, suggesting that either “envy” drives social media use or that extended video-viewing promotes “envy”. Despite the alarming implications, the study has limitations. Similar concerns about technology’s impact on the brain have surfaced before, such as claims that digital media have posed an existential threat. Yet, no conclusive evidence has proven these fears true. Professor Peter Etchells argues there’s no strong science showing short videos uniquely harm the brain. A big weakness of the study is its one-time testing method. If the goal were to prove that watching hours of short videos harms the brain, a more effective approach would be to examine participants’ brains before and after they watched different amounts of these videos. But this study only looked at data from one moment in time, without comparing changes over time. There was no before-and-after comparison to show cause and effect. Thus, a healthier approach is to reflect on media habits, making mindful choices while appreciating the benefits of technology. 12. What is “brain rot” according to paragraph 1? A. A real disease proven by doctors. B. A popular trend among young people. C. A mental state caused by online content. D. A new concern about short videos’ effects. 13. Which is one of the main findings of the research? A. Less ability to compare themselves to others. B. Worse control over emotions. C. Harm to brain parts controlling movement. D. More grey matter in areas for making decisions. 14. The author questions the study’s design primarily for its ______. A. overemphasis on envy-related data. B. lack of different types of participants. C. failure to establish cause and effect. D. reliance on subjective measurements. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Brain Rot: Real Threat or Overstated Fear? B. Social Media: Mental Activation or Brain Harm? C. Why “Brain Rot” Became Word of the Year? D. How Social Media Reshapes the Human Brain? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 On a busy workday, your lunch hour is a crucial opportunity to recharge and set a positive tone for the rest of your day. Here are some strategies to make the most of this time. Get moving A brief 10-minute workout can make you energetic. _____16_____. For example, step outside and take a walk around the block, or walk to your sandwich instead of driving cars. This light exercise not only stretches your legs and gets your eyes off screens, but also boosts your mood with endorphins (内啡肽) . Play catch up _____17_____ Sometimes catching up with an old friend or family member can brighten your day and uplift your spirits, providing a refreshing break from work. So why not combine a walk around the block with a call to catch up with your friends during your lunch hour? Bathe in the sun Avoid the temptation to eat at your desk. When possible, take your lunch outside to enjoy the sun and a change of scenery. Bathe in the sun and lift your gaze to the horizon instead of your phone or computer screen. _____18_____ A change of scenery can give you the power you need through your afternoon to-do list. Change your tone Use your lunch hour to treat your senses. As you eat or get active, try queuing up your favorite music in your favorite podcast. If you focus on the same tasks for too long, your brain will be tired. Shift gears and treat your mind to some music or stimulation outside of your daily tasks. ______19______ Your lunch hour isn’t just about being purely functional. ______20______ By engaging in these activities, you can maintain productivity and end your workday satisfied with your progress. A. This shift helps you relax and recharge. B. Boost the power of a well-spent lunch hour. C. Exercise can help you feel good about yourself. D. Use your lunch hour to connect with loved ones. E. It is essential for both physical and mental health. F. Find ways to combine light exercise with your lunch hour routine. G. The benefits of time spent recharging outside are well-documented. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in a family with a history of getting angry easily, I had always tried to change. Years of treatment ____21____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there. My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____22____ late into the night. Eventually, we decided to move to a ____23____ part of town. And now, here was this guy, who was ____24____ a new party table within full view of my kitchen window. The ____25____ of drunk and loud college students flashed across my mind, so I walked up and told him it had to be ____26____. “Who the hell are you?” he asked. “And what gives you the right to make such a ____27____?” Spotting there would be a ____28____ between the young man and me, my husband came up. As he pulled me away, I ____29____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over. I got back home and ate my favorite cookies. When I calmed down, _____30_____, I was full of shame. Why didn’t other women get angry like me? I looked at the cookies, which I hadn’t intended for _____31_____, but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right. So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies. When the student opened the door, I _____32_____ the plate and told him that the person he met just now — the one with the pointing finger and annoying _____33_____ — wasn’t me. At least it wasn’t the person I wanted to be. He looked down at the plate and his face _____34_____. He said he was sorry, too. I walked back across the street, feeling like I’d _____35_____ wonders. 21. A. removed B. increased C. eased D. trapped 22. A. broadened B. varied C. extended D. declined 23. A. cleaner B. quieter C. safer D. busier 24. A. setting B. hanging C. selling D. stealing 25. A. memories B. stories C. records D. accounts 26. A. put up B. broken down C. moved away D. given out 27. A. offer B. mess C. proposal D. demand 28. A. conversation B. war C. discussion D. settlement 29. A. stared B. pointed C. screamed D. tore 30. A. therefore B. besides C. however D. meanwhile 31. A. greeting B. complaint C. explanation D. apology 32. A. handed B. threw C. dropped D. seized 33. A. charges B. habits C. thoughts D. words 34. A. paled B. softened C. darkened D. hardened 35. A. sought B. celebrated C. done D. claimed 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 In a peaceful town by the Yangtze River, I experienced the Dragon Boat Festival, ____36____ unique Chinese tradition that mixes history and joy. Locals invited me to make zongzi, sticky rice dumplings ____37____ (stuff) in bamboo leaves. The fillings, usually containing sweet beans or meat, ____38____ (smell) amazing! As we worked, an elderly woman explained it’s a custom to honor Qu Yuan, a poet ____39____ loyalty touched millions. My hands struggled at first, but soon I mastered the technique: stirring the rice, folding the leaves, ____40____ tying them tightly with thread. The room smelled of fresh bamboo and the warm scent of herbs, which our host said had ____41____ (benefit) values for health. “Zongzi is not just food,” she smiled, “it’s a bridge of ____42____ (wise) between generations preserved through these very hands.” ____43____ (obvious), the festival’s true magic lay in its power to unite communities. Later, we watched dragon-boat races where paddlers’ chants echoed like thunder. I felt fortunate to experience traditions that allow history to survive. As dusk fell, we lit lotus (莲花) lanterns on the river, their soft light ____44____ (reflect) on the water like stars. The lanterns floated toward the horizon, carrying our hopes for remembrance with every gentle ripple. This day taught me that festivals, no matter where they’re from, are threads bringing people closer _____45_____ one another. 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面的句子，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. It ___________ (情态动词) have rained last night, for the ground is wet now. (用适当的词填空) 47. I appreciate ______ (have) the opportunity to work with such a talented team. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. When ________ (inform) of the sudden change, all the students adjusted their schedules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. He became the third student ______ (win) the national prize in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. He rushed to the airport only ______ (tell) that the flight had been postponed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. All the students ________(involve) in the drama production stayed after school for rehearsals every day.(所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The problem ________ (discuss) at present has something to do with our living conditions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory ________(destroy).（所给词的适当形式填空） 54. Time ________(permit), we will visit the local museum to see the new exhibit on ancient civilizations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. With measures_________(take) to promote tourism in China, the 2023 May Day holiday saw a record number of tourists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确;每空一词，错一空此题不得分。 56. 屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。 The efforts of Tu and her team finally _______ _______. 57. 这个小男孩学会了单击鼠标右键来调出一个新菜单。 The little boy learned to click the right mouse button to__________________a new menu. 58. 他在看最喜欢的动画片时，眼睛死死盯着屏幕。 His eyes were ______ ______ the screen while watching their favorite cartoon. 59. 她陷入了沉思，没听到老师叫她的名字。 She ______ ______ ______ thought and didn’t hear the teacher call her name. 60. 关于人口的问题你最好请教威廉教授，他对于整个课题都了如指掌。 You’d better ask Professor William about the population issues, who has the whole subject ______ ________ _________. 61. 这证明人类能够简单地通过反复试验的方法去建立一个功能完整的生态系统。 It’s proved that humans can build a fully functioning ecosystem simply ________________. 62. 我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机，走到马路上，突然一辆车飞驰过来，差点把我撞倒! Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car ________ ________, nearly knocking me off my feet! 63. 如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 Now we scientists ________ ________ ________ ________ that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 64. 当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。 When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu ________ ________ the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 65. 我无法逃离现代世界， 但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间， 而且我也就是这么做的。 I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can ________ ________ ________ the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. 第四部分 写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，“学校科技节”即将到来，你校英文报正在开展主题为“Scientists who changed the world”的征文活动，请用英文写一篇文章，介绍你最崇拜的科学家。内容包括： 1. 科学家的简介；2. 他（她）所做出的贡献；3. 你崇拜他（她）的理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $