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专题08 句型转换
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01:答题技巧 02:小试牛刀
答题技巧
1. 题型一:肯定句→否定句(必考)
三步解题口诀:
一找谓语,二加 not,三变单词(some→any;I→you 按需)
· 含 be 动词 (am/is/are/was/were):
be 后直接 + not,缩写 isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t
例句:He was in China.→He wasn’t in China.
· 含情态 / 助动词 (can/will/would):
词后 + not →can’t/won’t/wouldn’t
例句:It will rain tomorrow.→It won’t rain tomorrow.
· 实义动词(无 be / 情态)
· 一般现在时三单:主语三单→doesn’t + 动词原形(动词变回原形!去掉 s/es)
例句:She wants a hot dog.→She doesn’t want a hot dog.
· 一般现在时非三单:don’t + 动词原形
· 一般过去时:全用 didn’t + 动词原形,动词过去式变回原形
例句:I bought a pen.→I didn’t buy a pen.
✅ 固定变化:肯定 some→否定 any;my→your
❌ 易错:didn’t / doesn’t / don’t 后面永远原形,不能加 ed/s
2. 题型二:肯定句→一般疑问句(Yes/No 回答)
口诀:一提二变三改标点;
一提:be / 情态 / 助动词提前;
二变:I↔you/my↔your/some↔any;句号改问号
· be / 情态 (can/will):直接提到句首大写,剩余照抄
例句:I am going to school.→Are you going to school?
They will fly a kite.→Will they fly a kite?
· 实义动词
① 现三单:句首加 Does,动词变回原形
例句:He goes to school.→Does he go to school?
② 过去式:句首统一加 Did,动词过去式变回原形
例句:We had lunch.→Did you have lunch?(had→have)
· 答句规则:怎么提问怎么答
Is/Are/Was/Were…? Yes, 主语 + be./No, 主语 + be 否定
Will/Can…? Yes, 主语 + will/can./No, 主语 + won’t/can’t
Did/Do/Does…? Yes, 主语 + do/does/did./No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t
3. 题型三:对划线部分提问(特殊疑问句,难点,口诀:一代二提三抄写)
一代:疑问词替换划线;
二提:变一般疑问(be / 助动提前);
三抄剩余,some 变 any
第一步:熟记六下必考疑问词(表格)
划线内容
疑问词
例句场景(六下模块)
人(主 / 宾)
Who/Whom
Daming went to Beijing.(M6)
事物 / 动作
What
I want a hamburger.(M1)
地点
Where
We are going to the park.(M2)
时间(具体 / 将来 / 过去)
When/What time
I had dinner at six.
方式 / 价钱
How/How much
The cola is five yuan.(M1)
数量 (可数复数)
How many
We have three books.
原因
Why
用 because 回答
两种特殊情况
划线是句子主语(人 / 物):只用疑问词替换,语序不变,不用倒装
Tom will fly to space.→Who will fly to space?
划线是动词短语:用 What + 助动词 + 主语 + do
He played football.→What did he do?(played→do 原形)
时态配套助动词(六下核心)
现在三单→does + 动原;过去式→did + 动原;将来 will→will;be going to→be 提前
4. 题型四:单数↔复数互换(名词、代词、be 动词同步变)
变化四要素:
①冠词 a/an 去掉 ②名词变复数
③be:is→are/was→were ④代词 this→these/that→those
例句:This is a spaceship.→These are spaceships.(M7 神舟飞船)
反向复数变单数:加 a/an、名词单数、are→is
These are apples.→This is an apple.
❌易错:可数名词单数必须加 a/an,不可数名词无复数
5. 题型五:同义句改写
将来时互换:will do = be going to do
I will go to middle school.=I’m going to go to middle school.
have got = have(拥有)
I have got a book.=I have a book.
花费句型:cost /spend
The pen costs ten yuan.=I spend ten yuan on the pen.
附加:祈使句转换
肯定祈使:Open the door.→否定:Don’t open the door. 直接句首加 Don’t + 动词原形
小试牛刀
1、 按要求完成下列各题。
1.is, she, have, picnic, a, to, going (.) (连词成句)
____________________________________________________
2. did, dog, the, under,tree, sit, the, why (?) (连词成句)
____________________________________________________
3. I'm going to middle school in September. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
4. Her mother was born in 1978. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
5. It's an interesting book.(改为感叹句)
____________________________________________________
二、按要求完成句子。
1. It is twelve dollars.(对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
2. Can I help you? (用three hamburgers回答)
____________________________________________________
3. I want a cola, please. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
4. I'm going to get up at seven o'clock. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
5. some, dark, there, are, clouds, the, in, sky (.)(连词成句)
____________________________________________________
三、按要求完成句子。
1. They are listening to the radio.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________
2. Are you walking in the park? (做肯定回答)
____________________________________________________
3. the,having, girl, a, party, is,birthday (.)(连词成句)
____________________________________________________
4.我们正在野餐,但是开始下雨。(汉译英)
____________________________________________________
5. She is talking to her friend.(对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
四、按要求完成句子。
1. going,we're,different, to, schools (.)(连词成句)
____________________________________________________
2. Now they can speak some Chinese. (改为否定句)
____________________________________________________
3. Are they going to walk to the park? (做肯定回答)
____________________________________________________
4. 你要去买什么?(汉译英)
____________________________________________________
5. I'll never forget our time together. (英译汉)
____________________________________________________
五、按要求完成句子。
1. I'm making a kite now. (用 last week 改写句子)
____________________________________________________
2. I bought you some books.(改为同义句)
____________________________________________________
3. I went to Dalian last Sunday.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________
4. do, on, you, heads, your, have, why, cups (?) (连词成句)
____________________________________________________
5. I'm going to study English. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
六、按要求完成句子。
1. I am wearing a raincoat, because it's going to rain. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
2.a, man, Chinese, was, spaceship, in, there, the (.)(连词成句)
____________________________________________________
3. The book is fourteen dollars.(对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
4. dog, loudly, is, the, very, barking (.)(连词成句)
____________________________________________________
5. The little birds are singing in the tree. (对画线部分提问)
七、按要求完成句子。
1. I'm going to play football. (改为同义句)
________ ________ play football.
2. Are they going to read books?(改为同义句)
________ they ________ books?
3. We won't play chess tonight.(改为同义句)
We ________ ________ ________ ________ chess tonight.
4. What are you going to do? (改为同义句)
What ________ you ________ ?
5. He wants two hot dogs and an egg.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ he ________?
八、按要求完成下列各题。
1. We are in the same school. (改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________
2. Is she Miss Wang? (作否定回答)
____________________________________________________
3. This is a bus. (改为复数句)
____________________________________________________
4. I study Physics in middle school.(改为一般将来时)
____________________________________________________
5. They are from Australia. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
九、按要求完成句子。
1. I am going to have a picnic this weekend.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________
2. They played basketball yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
____________________________________________________
否定回答:________________________
3. The books are on the desk.(对划线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
4. That is a lovely dog.(改为复数句子)
____________________________________________________
5. We will visit our friends.(写出同义句,用 be going to 改写)
____________________________________________________
十、按要求完成句子。
1. She can sing English songs well.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________
2. Tom is reading a storybook now.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
____________________________________________________
肯定回答:________________________
3. He will go to school at seven.(对划线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
4. I have got a new pen.(改为同义句)
____________________________________________________
5. The boy was very happy.(改为复数句子)
____________________________________________________
参考答案
一、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:She is going to have a picnic.
解析:考查 be going to 一般将来时,固定搭配 have a picnic(野餐),遵循 “主语 + be+going to + 动词原形” 结构。
2. 答案:Why did the dog sit under the tree?
解析:Why 引导一般过去时特殊疑问句,结构为 Why + did + 主语 + 动词原形;under the tree 意为 “在树下”。
3. 答案:When are you going to middle school?
解析:划线为时间,用 When 提问;be going to 句型将 be 动词提前,人称 I 改为 you。
4. 答案:When was her mother born?
解析:划线为年份,用 When 提问;句中有 be 动词 was,直接提前,其余内容不变。
5. 答案:What an interesting book (it is)!
解析:单数可数名词短语用 What 引导感叹句,结构:What + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)。
二、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:How much is it?
解析:划线为价格,英语中询问价格固定使用 How much。
2. 答案:I want three hamburgers, please.
解析:购物情景交际,用 I want... 回应店员提问,贴合课本点餐句型。
3. 答案:What do you want, please?
解析:划线为物品,用 What 提问;一般现在时,主语 I 变为 you,添加助动词 do,动词用原形。
4. 答案:What time are you going to get up?
解析:划线为具体钟点,用 What time 提问;I 改为 you,be 动词对应变为 are。
5. 答案:There are some dark clouds in the sky.
解析:考查 There be 句型,in the sky 是固定搭配,意为 “在天空中”。
三、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:They aren't listening to the radio.
解析:现在进行时变否定,直接在 be 动词后加 not,are not 缩写为 aren't。
2. 答案:Yes, I am. / Yes, we are.
解析:一般疑问句遵循问答一致原则,问句中 you 可指代单人或多人,对应回答 I 或 we。
3. 答案:The girl is having a birthday party.
解析:现在进行时结构:主语 + be + 现在分词;have a birthday party 意为 “举办生日派对”。
4. 答案:We are having a picnic, but it starts to rain.
解析:本册重点句型,前半句用现在进行时描述正在做的事,but 连接后半句,用一般现在时描述突发动作。
5. 答案:What is she doing?
解析:划线为正在进行的动作,固定句型:What + be + 主语 + doing?
四、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:We're going to different schools.
解析:be going to 将来时结构,different schools 意为 “不同的学校”。
2. 答案:Now they can't speak any Chinese.
解析:含情态动词 can,变否定直接加 not,缩写 can't;否定句中 some 要改为 any。
3. 答案:Yes, they are.
解析:be going to 结构的一般疑问句,肯定回答格式:Yes, 主语 + be 动词。
4. 答案:What are you going to buy?
解析:使用 be going to 一般将来时,特殊疑问词 what 置于句首。
5. 答案:我永远不会忘记我们在一起的时光。
解析:I'll=I will;never 表示 “从不、永远不”;together 意为 “一起”。
五、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:I made a kite last week.
解析:last week 是一般过去时标志,去掉 now,动词现在分词改为过去式 made。
2. 答案:I bought some books for you.
解析:固定短语转换,buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.(给某人买某物)。
3. 答案:I didn't go to Dalian last Sunday.
解析:一般过去时变否定,加助动词 didn't,动词过去式 went 变回原形 go。
4. 答案:Why do you have cups on your heads?
解析:Why 引导一般现在时特殊疑问句,on your heads 意为 “在你们头上”。
5. 答案:What are you going to study?
解析:划线为动作,用 What 提问;人称 I 改为 you,be 动词变为 are。
六、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:Why are you wearing a raincoat?
解析:划线为原因,用 Why 提问;I 改为 you,be 动词对应变为 are。
2. 答案:There was a Chinese man in the spaceship.
解析:There be 句型的一般过去时,in the spaceship 意为 “在宇宙飞船里”。
3. 答案:How much is the book?
解析:划线为价格,用 How much 提问。
4. 答案:The dog is barking very loudly.
解析:现在进行时,副词 loudly 修饰动词,放在句末。
5. 答案:What are the little birds doing?
解析:划线为正在进行的动作,使用固定句型 What + be + 主语 + doing?
七、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:I will play football.
解析:将来时同义转换:be going to do = will do。
2. 答案:Will they read books?
解析:be going to 疑问句可直接替换为 will 引导的将来时疑问句。
3. 答案:We aren't going to play chess tonight.
解析:will 的否定形式 won't,对应替换为 be not going to 结构。
4. 答案:What will you do?
解析:两种一般将来时特殊疑问句结构互换。
5. 答案:What does he want?
解析:划线为物品,用 What 提问;主语为第三人称单数,加助动词 does,动词变回原形。
八、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:Are you in the same school?
解析:含 be 动词,将 be 动词提前;主语 We 改为 you。
2. 答案:No, she isn't.
解析:be 动词引导的一般疑问句,否定回答:No, 主语 + be 动词否定形式。
3. 答案:These are buses.
解析:单复数同步转换:this→these,is→are,去掉 a,bus 变复数 buses。
4. 答案:I will study Physics in middle school. / I'm going to study Physics in middle school.
解析:一般现在时改为一般将来时,可用 will 或 be going to + 动词原形。
5. 答案:Where are they from?
解析:划线为地点,用 Where 提问,be 动词提前。
九、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:I am not going to have a picnic this weekend.
解析:be going to 句型变否定,在 be 动词后直接加 not。
2. 答案:Did they play basketball yesterday afternoon?
否定回答:No, they didn't.
解析:一般过去时变疑问句,句首加 Did,动词变回原形;问答保持时态一致。
3. 答案:Where are the books?
解析:划线为地点,用 Where 提问,be 动词提前。
4. 答案:Those are lovely dogs.
解析:单复数转换:that→those,is→are,去掉 a,dog 变复数 dogs。
5. 答案:We are going to visit our friends.
解析:will 引导的将来时,同义替换为 be going to 结构。
十、按要求完成句子。
1. 答案:She can't sing English songs well.
解析:情态动词 can 变否定,直接加 not,缩写为 can't。
2. 答案:Is Tom reading a storybook now?
肯定回答:Yes, he is.
解析:现在进行时,be 动词提前,回答遵循问答一致规则。
3. 答案:When will he go to school?
解析:划线为时间,用 When 提问,助动词 will 提前。
4. 答案:I have a new pen.
解析:固定同义转换:have got = have(表示 “拥有”)。
5. 答案:The boys were very happy.
解析:单复数转换:boy→boys,单数 be 动词 was 改为复数 were。
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