2027年高考英语一轮复习-过去分词作定语和宾补

**基本信息** 以“概念-分类-应用-区分”为逻辑链，通过口诀、四步法等提炼解题方法，系统突破过去分词作定语和宾补的语法难点，提升语言运用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |定语（前置/后置）|10语法填空+6互译|判断口诀、等价转换公式|从被动/完成核心概念，到单个分词前置、短语后置的分类应用| |宾补（5句型）|各句型2-5题|have/get等句型公式、三态对比|以“宾语+被动关系”为核心，分have/get、find、感官动词等5类句型| |区分与技巧|对比表+四步法|解题四步法、终极口诀|通过位置/功能区分定语与宾补，对比to be done/done/being done| |综合自测|50题（语法填空+完成句子）|连词-谓语数量判断法|整合定语/宾补考点，覆盖高频搭配与易错点|

过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 — 知识点精讲 · 转换练习 · 综合自测 — 语法专题：Past Participle as Attribute & Object Complement PART 1 过去分词作定语 Past Participle as Attribute 一、核心概念 过去分词（done）作定语修饰名词，表示两个核心含义： ① 被动 被修饰词承受该动作 ② 完成 该动作已完成或状态已存在 例如：a broken window = a window that was broken（被打碎的窗户） 　　　fallen leaves = leaves that have fallen（落叶） 判断口诀 找空格词的逻辑主语（被修饰的名词），看它与括号内动词是主动还是被动关系。被动 → done；主动 → doing。 二、单个过去分词作前置定语 单个过去分词直接放在名词前，功能类似形容词。 The damaged bridge has been closed for repairs. （那座受损的桥梁已关闭维修。） → damaged 作前置定语修饰 bridge = the bridge which was damaged（被损坏的桥） All registered participants will receive a certificate. （所有已注册的参与者都将获得证书。） → registered 作前置定语修饰 participants = participants who have registered（已注册的参与者） The developed solution proved highly effective. （那个开发出来的解决方案被证明非常有效。） → developed 作前置定语修饰 solution = the solution that has been developed（被开发出的方案） Written language differs significantly from spoken language. （书面语言与口语有显著差异。） → written / spoken 作前置定语，分别修饰 language 高频前置搭配 broken（破损的）/ damaged（受损的）/ registered（已注册的）/ written（书面的）/ spoken（口语的）/ fallen（落下的）/ developed（开发的）/ planned（计划的） 三、过去分词短语作后置定语 过去分词 + 介词短语 / 副词等，放在名词后，相当于省略的定语从句。 等价转换 名词 + done 短语 ≈ 名词 + which/who/that + be + done The project launched last year has achieved remarkable success. （去年启动的那个项目已取得显著成功。） → launched last year 修饰 project ≈ project which was launched last year Students interested in science should join the research team. （对科学感兴趣的学生应该加入这个研究团队。） → interested in science 修饰 students ≈ students who are interested in science The message sent by the manager was misleading. （经理发出的那条信息具有误导性。） → sent by the manager 修饰 message ≈ message which was sent by the manager Those selected for the competition will be notified tomorrow. （被选中参加比赛的人明天会收到通知。） → selected for the competition 修饰 those ≈ those who are selected for the competition The research conducted by Harvard scientists attracted global attention. （哈佛科学家进行的那项研究吸引了全球关注。） → conducted by Harvard scientists 修饰 research ≈ research which was conducted by Harvard scientists The novel written by a teenager became a bestseller overnight. （一个青少年写的小说一夜之间成为畅销书。） → written by a teenager 修饰 novel ≈ novel which was written by a teenager A company located in the downtown area offers flexible working hours. （一家位于市中心的公司提供弹性工作时间。） → located in the downtown area 修饰 company ≈ company which is located in the downtown area The technique invented by local farmers improved crop yields significantly. （当地农民发明的那种技术显著提高了作物产量。） → invented by local farmers 修饰 technique ≈ technique which was invented by local farmers Problems ignored often become worse over time. （被忽视的问题往往会随着时间的推移变得更糟。） → ignored 修饰 problems ≈ problems that are ignored The document attached to the email contains important information. （邮件附件中的文档包含重要信息。） → attached to the email 修饰 document ≈ document which is attached to the email 四、高频后置搭配速查表 搭配结构 示例 中文含义 trapped in + 名词 animals trapped in the cage 被困于…… exposed to + 名词 workers exposed to radiation 暴露/接触于…… affected by + 名词 areas affected by the flood 受……影响 published in + 地点 articles published in Nature 在……发表 delivered / written by + 人 speech delivered by the mayor 由……发表/书写 located in + 地点 museum located in Paris 位于…… named / called + 名称 a city named after a hero 名为…… inspired by + 名词 songs inspired by nature 灵感来自…… set up / built + 时间 school built in 1900 在……建立 based on + 名词 story based on real events 基于…… referred to as + 名称 a substance referred to as "blue gold" 被称为…… celebrated for + 名词 artist celebrated for her talent 因……而闻名 五、随堂巩固练习 A. 语法填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1. The book ________ (publish) last month has become very popular. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0（无that/which/who等） 【第二步】谓语动词：has become（现在完成时）——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词book后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：book，与publish是被动关系（书"被出版"） 【答案】published 2. Those ________ (choose) for the team will be announced tomorrow. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：will be announced——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在代词those后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：those，与choose是被动关系（人"被选中"） 【答案】chosen 3. A restaurant ________ (locate) near the station offers delicious food. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：offers——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词restaurant后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：restaurant，与locate是被动关系（餐厅"位于"某地） 【答案】located 4. The experiment ________ (conduct) by Professor Li proved the theory. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：proved——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词experiment后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：experiment，与conduct是被动关系（实验"被进行"） 【答案】conducted 5. The athlete ________ (know) as "Lightning" won three gold medals. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：won——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词athlete后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：athlete，与know是被动关系（人"被称为"） 【答案】known 6. There is little time ________ (leave) before the deadline. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：is——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词time后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：time，与leave是被动关系（时间"被剩下"） 【答案】left 7. The software ________ (design) for students helps them learn efficiently. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：helps——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词software后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：software，与design是被动关系（软件"被设计"） 【答案】designed 8. This is a story ________ (base) on real events. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：is——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词story后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：story，与base on是被动关系（故事"基于"真实事件） 【答案】based 9. The ________ (damage) car was towed away. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：was towed——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词car前，需填非谓语作前置定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：car，与damage是被动关系（车"被损坏"） 【答案】damaged 10. The device ________ (invent) by a student won an international award. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：won——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格位置：在名词device后，需填非谓语作定语 【第四步】逻辑主语：device，与invent是被动关系（装置"被发明"） 【答案】invented B. 过去分词与定语从句互译练习 体会两种表达的等价关系——左侧：定语从句改写为过去分词短语；右侧：反过来。 定语从句 → 过去分词 The homework that was assigned yesterday is difficult. → The homework assigned yesterday is difficult. 过去分词 → 定语从句 The letter written in French was hard to translate. → The letter that was written in French was hard to translate. 定语从句 → 过去分词 Students who are interested in music should join the club. → Students interested in music should join the club. 过去分词 → 定语从句 Problems caused by pollution are increasing. → Problems that are caused by pollution are increasing. 定语从句 → 过去分词 The bridge which was built in 2010 connects two cities. → The bridge built in 2010 connects two cities. 过去分词 → 定语从句 The method developed by scientists is widely used. → The method which was developed by scientists is widely used. 定语从句 → 过去分词 Those who were selected for the interview will be contacted. → Those selected for the interview will be contacted. 过去分词 → 定语从句 The project launched last month succeeded. → The project that was launched last month succeeded. 定语从句 → 过去分词 A person who is respected by others must be honest. → A person respected by others must be honest. 过去分词 → 定语从句 The village located in the mountains is beautiful. → The village which is located in the mountains is beautiful. 定语从句 → 过去分词 The book that was recommended by the teacher is useful. → The book recommended by the teacher is useful. 过去分词 → 定语从句 With the work finished, they went home. → With the work that was finished, they went home. PART 2 过去分词作宾语补足语 Past Participle as Object Complement 一、核心概念 宾语补足语放在宾语后，补充说明宾语的状态或动作。过去分词作宾补时， 核心要求：宾语与过去分词之间必须是被动关系。 速记公式 宾语 + 过去分词 = 宾语是"被……的" / 处于"……的状态"（被动） 句型一 have / get + 宾语 + done 含义："使某事被做"（主语安排别人来做，而非亲自动手）。 I had my hair cut yesterday. （我昨天去剪了头发。） → hair 与 cut 是被动 → have sth. done（头发是"被剪的"） You should have your eyes examined regularly. （你应该定期检查眼睛。） → eyes 与 examine 是被动 → have sth. done（眼睛是"被检查的"） She got her report reviewed by an expert. （她请专家审阅了她的报告。） → report 与 review 是被动 → get sth. done They will have the roof repaired next week. （他们下周会让人修屋顶。） → roof 与 repair 是被动 → have sth. done We should get the work finished before Friday. （我们应该在周五前把工作做完。） → work 与 finish 是被动 → get sth. done 易错陷阱 had had repaired 中：第一个 had = 过去完成时的助动词，第二个 had = 使役动词，repaired = 过去分词宾补。 例：She had had the machine repaired, but it broke again. 1. I need to have my teeth ________ (check) by a dentist. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：need——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格结构：have sth. done，teeth 与 check 是被动 【答案】checked 2. She didn't want to get her bag ________ (steal) again. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：didn't want——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格结构：get sth. done，bag 与 steal 是被动 【答案】stolen 3. By the time I arrived, he had had the car ________ (fix). 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：1（by the time引导时间状语从句） 【第二步】已有谓语：arrived、had had（2个），谓语已满 → 空格处填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：have sth. done，car 与 fix 是被动 【答案】fixed 4. They got the documents ________ (sign) by the manager. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：got——句子已有谓语 【第三步】空格结构：get sth. done，documents 与 sign 是被动 【答案】signed 5. We will have the problem ________ (solve) soon. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：will have——将来时，空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：have sth. done，problem 与 solve 是被动 【答案】solved 句型二 find + 宾语 + done 含义："发现某人/某物处于……状态"（强调发现时的结果状态）。 She found the window broken when she returned home. （她回家时发现窗户破了。） → window 与 break 是被动 → find sth. done I found myself surrounded by difficulties. （我发现自己被困难包围。） → myself 与 surround 是被动 → find oneself done They found the city greatly changed after ten years. （他们发现十年后这座城市变化巨大。） → city 与 change 是被动 → find sth. done 1. When I woke up, I found the fire ________ (put) out. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：1（when引导时间状语从句） 【第二步】已有谓语：woke、found（2个），谓语已满 → 空格处填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：find sth. done，fire 与 put out 是被动 【答案】put（put的过去分词仍为put） 2. He found his wallet ________ (steal) on the bus. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：found——空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：find sth. done，wallet 与 steal 是被动 【答案】stolen 句型三 感官动词 + 宾语 + done 常见感官动词：see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel 含义："看到/听到某人/某物被……"（强调被动和已完成）。 I saw the glass knocked off the table. （我看到玻璃杯被撞下了桌子。） → glass 与 knock off 是被动 → see sth. done She heard her name called from behind. （她听到有人在后面叫她的名字。） → name 与 call 是被动 → hear sth. done We noticed the trees blown down by the storm. （我们注意到树木被暴风雨吹倒了。） → trees 与 blow down 是被动 → notice sth. done 三态对比 see sb. do（看见做了——主动，全过程） vs see sb. doing（看见正在做——主动，进行中） vs see sb. done（看见被……——被动） 1. I saw the boy ________ (scold) by his teacher. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：saw——空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：see sb. done，boy 与 scold 是被动 【答案】scolded 2. She heard the song ________ (sing) in French. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：heard——空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：hear sth. done，song 与 sing 是被动 【答案】sung 句型四 keep / leave + 宾语 + done 含义："使某人/某物保持/处于……的被动状态"。 Please keep the door closed during the meeting. （开会期间请保持门关闭。） → door 与 close 是被动 → keep sth. done The teacher left the problem unsolved. （老师把那道题留作未解决。） → problem 与 solve 是被动 → leave sth. done They kept us informed of the latest news. （他们让我们随时了解最新消息。） → us 与 inform 是被动 → keep sb. done 1. He kept the lights ________ (turn) on all night. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：kept——空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：keep sth. done，lights 与 turn on 是被动 【答案】turned 2. The bad weather left the crops ________ (damage). 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】谓语动词：left——空格处需填宾补 【第三步】空格结构：leave sth. done，crops 与 damage 是被动 【答案】damaged 句型五 with + 宾语 + done（with 复合结构） 含义："在……被……的情况下" / "随着……被……"，作原因、伴随或条件状语。 With the work finished, they went home happily. （工作完成后，他们高兴地回家了。） → work 与 finish 是被动 → with + 宾语 + done（作时间状语） He sat there with his arms crossed. （他双臂交叉坐在那里。） → arms 与 cross 是被动 → with + 宾语 + done（作伴随状语） With the problem solved, we felt relieved. （问题解决后，我们感到如释重负。） → problem 与 solve 是被动 → with + 宾语 + done（作原因状语） 1. With the report ________ (submit), she could finally relax. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】with结构中，report 与 submit 是被动关系 【第三步】空格结构：with + 宾语 + done 【答案】submitted 2. He stood there with his hands ________ (tie) behind his back. 答案解析：【第一步】连词数量：0 【第二步】with结构中，hands 与 tie 是被动关系 【第三步】空格结构：with + 宾语 + done 【答案】tied PART 3 核心区分与应试技巧 Distinguishing Key Points 一、作定语 vs 作宾补 —— 一秒区分法 作定语 (Attribute) 作宾补 (Object Complement) 位置 在名词前后，修饰名词 在宾语后面，补充说明宾语 功能 ≈ 形容词，描述名词属性 说明宾语的状态或承受的动作 前提动词 不需要特定动词 必须有：have/get/find/see/hear/keep/with等 判断关键 看被修饰的名词与 done 的关系 看宾语与 done 的关系 例 the money found in the box （在盒子里发现的钱 → 修饰money） he found the money stolen （他发现钱被偷了 → 说明money的状态） 二、to be done vs done vs being done 作定语 形式 含义 例句 to be done 将要被……（将来动作） the bridge to be built next year（明年将要建的桥） done 已经被……（已完成/一般被动） the bridge built last year（去年建的桥） being done 正在被……（进行中被动） the bridge being built now（正在建的桥） 时态四态对比 doing（主动进行） / done（被动完成） / being done（被动进行） / to be done（被动将来） 在作定语位置上，done 最常用，考试频率最高。 三、解题四步法 Step 1 数连词数量 → 确定从句数量 Step 2 数谓语动词数量 → 如果已有谓语，空格处填非谓语 Step 3 找逻辑主语 → 即被修饰的名词或宾语 Step 4 判断主被动关系 → 主动 → doing；被动 → done 终极口诀 先数连词和动词 → 有谓语就没谓语 → 找主语判被动 → 被动就用 done！ PART 4 综合自测 50 题 Comprehensive Exercise 解题公式 连词数 + 1 = 需要的谓语数。如果句子已有谓语数 = 连词数 + 1，说明谓语已满，空格填非谓语。然后再找逻辑主语，判断主被动。 一、语法填空（第 1-20 题：侧重过去分词作定语） 1. Large amounts of water ________ (trap) underground have been discovered by scientists. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：have been discovered（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语water与trap是被动关系（水被储存在地下）→ trapped 2. There is still a lot ________ (leave) for researchers to explore in this area. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：is（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语a lot与leave是被动关系（剩余的）→ left 3. Workers often ________ (expose) to harmful chemicals need regular health checks. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：need（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语workers与expose是被动关系（工人被暴露于化学物质）→ exposed 4. The valley ________ (wrap) in morning fog looked like a painting. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：looked（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语valley与wrap是被动关系（山谷被笼罩在雾中）→ wrapped 5. With the government support, families ________ (affect) by the flood have rebuilt their homes. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：have rebuilt（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语families与affect是被动关系（家庭受洪水影响）→ affected 6. A research paper ________ (publish) in a top journal attracted widespread attention. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：attracted（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语paper与publish是被动关系（论文被发表）→ published 7. The speech ________ (deliver) by the principal at the ceremony inspired all the students. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：inspired（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语speech与deliver是被动关系（演讲由校长发表）→ delivered 8. The designer created new patterns, with styles ________ (inspire) by traditional art. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：created（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语styles与inspire是被动关系（风格受传统艺术启发）→ inspired 9. The force ________ (apply) to the object determines how fast it moves. 答案解析：连词：1个（how引导宾语从句）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：determines、moves（2个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语force与apply是被动关系（力被施加在物体上）→ applied 10. The new smartphone model ________ (introduce) last month features a larger screen. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：features（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语model与introduce是被动关系（手机型号被推出）→ introduced 11. The traditional skill, ________ (celebrate) for its beauty and precision, has been passed down for centuries. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：has been passed down（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语skill与celebrate是被动关系（技艺因……而闻名）→ celebrated 12. A factory ________ (locate) in the southern part of the city produces electronic components. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：produces（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语factory与locate是被动关系（工厂位于城南）→ located 13. Beijing is the ________ (recognize) cultural center of China. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：is（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语center与recognize是被动关系（中心被公认）→ recognized 14. The ________ (collect) samples will be sent to the laboratory for analysis. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：will be sent（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语samples与collect是被动关系（样本被收集）→ collected 15. She founded a company ________ (name) after her grandmother. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：founded（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语company与name是被动关系（公司被命名）→ named 16. The training center ________ (set) up five years ago has trained thousands of workers. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：has trained（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语center与set up是被动关系（中心被建立）；set过去分词仍为set → set 17. They returned two days ahead of their ________ (plan) departure. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：returned（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语departure与plan是被动关系（出发时间被计划）→ planned 18. The scientist, often ________ (refer) to as a pioneer in genetics, has won numerous awards. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：has won（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语scientist与refer to是被动关系（科学家被称为先驱）→ referred 19. The course ________ (design) for beginners covers basic grammar and vocabulary. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：covers（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语course与design是被动关系（课程被设计给初学者）→ designed 20. Members ________ (invite) to the ceremony should confirm their attendance. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：should confirm（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语members与invite是被动关系（成员被邀请）→ invited 二、语法填空（第 21-40 题：侧重过去分词作宾补） 21. On returning home, they were shocked to find the village completely ________ (destroy). 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：were shocked（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：find + 宾语village + 宾补。village与destroy是被动关系（村庄被摧毁）→ destroyed 22. She found herself ________ (trap) in an awkward situation at the meeting. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：found（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：find + 反身代词herself + 宾补。herself与trap是被动关系（自己被困在尴尬处境）→ trapped 23. I need a new ID card, so I had my photo ________ (take) this morning. 答案解析：连词：1个（so并列连词）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：need、had（2个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。photo与take是被动关系（照片被拍）→ taken 24. I noticed he had his arms ________ (cross) and looked very serious. 答案解析：连词：2个（noticed后省略that的宾语从句 + and连接宾语从句中的并列谓语）→ 需3个谓语。已有谓语：noticed、had、looked（3个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。arms与cross是被动关系（双臂被交叉）→ crossed 25. The paintings and sculptures keep visitors ________ (remind) of the rich history of the region. 答案解析：连词：0个（paintings and sculptures中的and只连接主语内部两个名词，不连接分句）→ 需1个谓语。已有谓语：keep（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：keep sb. done。visitors与remind是被动关系（参观者被提醒）→ reminded 26. If a student has his head ________ (lower), it usually means he is not paying attention. 答案解析：连词：2个（if引导条件状语从句 + 省略的that宾语从句）→ 需3个谓语。已有谓语：has、means、is paying（3个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。head与lower是被动关系（头被低下）→ lowered 27. Customers continue to have their favorite goods ________ (ship) directly to their homes. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：continue（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。goods与ship是被动关系（商品被邮寄到家）→ shipped 28. Not wanting to risk having her bicycle ________ (steal), she locked it carefully. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：locked（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。bicycle与steal是被动关系（自行车被偷）→ stolen 29. With much time ________ (spend) on homework, students often feel stressed. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：feel（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：with + 宾语time + 宾补。time与spend是被动关系（时间被花费在作业上）→ spent 30. You had better have your computer ________ (repair) before the deadline. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：had better have（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。computer与repair是被动关系（电脑被修理）→ repaired 31. The witness claimed that she had seen the man ________ (knock) down by a truck. 答案解析：连词：1个（that引导宾语从句）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：claimed、had seen（2个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：see sb. done。man与knock down是被动关系（人被撞倒）→ knocked 32. At work, it is hard work that gets you hired, but it is communication skills that get you ________ (promote). 答案解析：连词：3个（that定语从句 + but并列连词 + that定语从句）→ 需4个谓语。已有谓语：is、gets、is、get（4个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：get sb. done。you与promote是被动关系（你被提升）→ promoted 33. The city will have two new hospitals ________ (build) next year. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：will have（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。hospitals与build是被动关系（医院被建造）→ built 34. She was disappointed to find that the laptop she had had ________ (repair) broke down again. 答案解析：连词：2个（that宾语从句 + 省略的that定语从句she had had...）→ 需3个谓语。已有谓语：was、had had、broke down（3个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done（had had中第一个had=助动词，第二个had=使役动词）。laptop与repair是被动关系（电脑被修）→ repaired 35. A notice board was put up with posters ________ (attach) to it. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：was put up（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：with + 宾语posters + 宾补。posters与attach是被动关系（海报被贴在板上）→ attached 36. He tried to get his theory ________ (recognize) by the academic community. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：tried（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：get sth. done。theory与recognize是被动关系（理论被认可）→ recognized 37. Updates are provided to keep team members ________ (inform) of the latest changes. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：are provided（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：keep sb. done。members与inform是被动关系（成员被告知）→ informed 38. Talent is not everything, so we should have our skills ________ (develop) through practice. 答案解析：连词：1个（so并列连词）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：is、should have（2个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：have sth. done。skills与develop是被动关系（技能被培养）→ developed 39. He observed the glass ________ (break) by the strong wind. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：observed（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：observe sth. done。glass与break是被动关系（玻璃被打碎）→ broken 40. During the harvest season, farmers always kept the tools ________ (hang) on the wall. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：kept（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：keep sth. done。tools与hang是被动关系（工具被挂在墙上）→ hung 三、完成句子（第 41-50 题） 41. 到现在为止还没有人认领在公园里发现的钱包。 So far nobody has claimed the wallet ________ (discover) in the park. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：has claimed（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语wallet与discover是被动关系（钱包被发现）→ discovered / found 42. 我们还有三个实验室，位于教学楼的西侧。 We have three laboratories as well, ________ (locate) in the west of the teaching building. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：have（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语laboratories与locate是被动关系（实验室位于）→ located 43. 这是一部基于真实故事的电影。 It is a film ________ (base) on a true story. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：is（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语film与base on是被动关系（电影基于真实故事）→ based 44. 上周举行的比赛吸引了数百名观众。 The competition ________ (hold) last week attracted hundreds of spectators. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：attracted（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。逻辑主语competition与hold是被动关系（比赛被举行）→ held 45. 在出国之前，他从未听别人用英语唱过歌。 Before he went abroad, he had never ________ (hear) a song ________ (sing) in English. 答案解析：连词：1个（before引导时间状语从句）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：went（1个），主句还缺1个谓语 → 第一空填谓语had never heard。第二空：song与sing是被动关系（歌被唱），填非谓语 → sung 46. 当小女孩醒来时，发现自己被一群小狗围着。 When the little girl woke up, she ________ (find) herself ________ (surround) by a group of puppies. 答案解析：连词：1个（when引导时间状语从句）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：woke up（1个），主句还缺1个谓语 → 第一空填谓语found。第二空：herself与surround是被动关系（自己被围），填非谓语 → surrounded 47. 所有考试都结束后，学生们开始计划暑假旅行。 With all exams ________ (finish), the students began to plan their summer trip. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：began（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：with + 宾语exams + 宾补。exams与finish是被动关系（考试被完成）→ finished 48. 他突然听到有人叫他的名字。 Suddenly he ________ (hear) his name ________ (call) by someone. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。主句缺谓语 → 第一空填谓语heard。第二空：name与call是被动关系（名字被叫），填非谓语 → called 49. 不幸的是，他在比赛中伤了脚踝，不得不退出。 Unfortunately, he ________ (have) his ankle ________ (injure) during the match and had to withdraw. 答案解析：连词：1个（and并列连词）→ 需2个谓语。已有谓语：had to withdraw（1个），还缺1个谓语 → 第一空填谓语had。第二空：结构have sth. done，ankle与injure是被动关系（脚踝受伤），填非谓语 → injured 50. 一切准备就绪后，活动将准时开始。 With everything ________ (prepare) well, the event will start on time. 答案解析：连词：0个 → 需1个谓语。已有谓语：will start（1个），谓语已满 → 填非谓语。结构：with + 宾语everything + 宾补。everything与prepare是被动关系（一切被准备好）→ prepared ANSWER KEY 参考答案速查 Quick Reference 一、语法填空 1-20（过去分词作定语） 1. trapped 2. left 3. exposed 4. wrapped 5. affected 6. published 7. delivered 8. inspired 9. applied 10. introduced 11. celebrated 12. located 13. recognized 14. collected 15. named 16. set 17. planned 18. referred 19. designed 20. invited 二、语法填空 21-40（过去分词作宾补） 21. destroyed 22. trapped 23. taken 24. crossed 25. reminded 26. lowered 27. shipped 28. stolen 29. spent 30. repaired 31. knocked 32. promoted 33. built 34. repaired 35. attached 36. recognized 37. informed 38. developed 39. broken 40. hung 三、完成句子 41-50 41. discovered / found 42. located 43. based 44. held 45. heard; sung 46. found; surrounded 47. finished 48. heard; called 49. had; injured 50. prepared 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $